DOCSLIB.ORG

Textiles in Late Antiquity... Medieval Histories This Week

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Textiles in Late Antiquity... Medieval Histories This Week Medieval News April 2016 No. 4 Textiles in Late Antiquity... Medieval Histories this week... Overview Textiles in Late An- Exhibition and Catalogue: Byzantine Textiles in Ger- tiquity 3 Textiles in Late Antiquity 3 man Collection 12 New Viking Site in New- Expedition to Newfoundland Smelting Iron the Viking foundland? 18 1472 20 Way 22 Medieval Bog Churning Butter With the New Books 34 Butter 24 Devil 27 Medieval News Medieval Histories Inc © Photo (frontpage): - read about new exhibitions, Paradisstien 5 A decorative panel from a fur- books, research and much more DK2840 Holte nishing, representing Pan and Denmark Dionysus, ca. 4th-5th century. Editor-in-chief: Karen Schous- Museum of Fine Arts, Boston boe www.medievalhistories.com Photos are to the best of our 2016: February, No. 2 [email protected] ability either published by per- ISBN: 978-87-92858-31-3 +45 24 23 36 10 mission or under the CCA. 2 A tapestry weave of dyed wools and undyed linen from Egypt, ca. 6th-8th century A.D. Sarah DeSantis/Brooklyn Museum. Currently exhibited at ISAW Textiles in Late Antiquity - Akhmim and large collections of tunics, cant role in both public and private life – curtains and other textiles – whole or frag- economically,In Late Antiquity, politically textiles and played cultural. a signifi - fers of the large museums as well as the Both from an economic and a cultural boomingmentary -market fragments for antiquities.began to fill Unfortu the cof- point of view textiles played a very impor- nately mummies were more often than not tant role. Narrative sources witness to the unpacked in order to retrieve the colour- use of textiles and clothes as important ful and patterned pieces, while the more sign of economic, cultural or religious humble undecorated linens and wools power (or the lack thereof). But extant were discarded. Of special interest were textiles also furnish a colourful glimpse the textiles embellished with appliqued of their importance as social and cultural silk and the occasional use of gold yearn to markers. couch these. Of overall importance are the many piec- Part of this interest was undoubtedly es of clothing and fragments of textiles, fuelled by the Arts & Crafts Movement, which archaeologists aka grave-robbers which led to the creation of large public salvaged from the Egyptian sand. Early and techniques of textile productions of up in Turin, Louvre and the British Mu- thecollections late 19th intended and early to 20thfoster century. the fine arts seum.finds, reportedlyHowever, in from 1883 Saqqârah, digging began ended at Estimates vary, but it is generally believed 3 decorations. Such hangings as well as cur- tains played a very important role in the upper-class houses at that time. In Late Antiquity they seem to have superseded the colourful paintings of the Roman villas. But textiles were also widely used as cush- ions Motives were, however, the same: gardens with fruit trees, seascapes with monsters and mythological themes. Later Sassanian motifs like winged animals, palmettes and hunting scenes became fashionable. Some of these textiles were also used in a liturgical context as is witnessed by the inventory of the Ecclesia Cornutanensis, a house-church built at a villa near Tibur (today’s Tivoli near Rome) around 471. The Charta (pp. 146 - 48) outlines the deed which consisted of a piece of land, silver utensils to the weight of 541 Ro- man pounds, bronze chandeliers and three sets of curtains – of silk, half silk and linen from Aquitaine. Listed were also covers to be used at the altar or to cover the graves of the saints as well as liturgical vestments Fragments of a hanging that represent a servant with golden bands (clavi) to be used by opening a curtain possibly from Egypt, 5th century the clergy. The document is interesting A.D. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Currently exhib- ited at ISAW/NYU because it stipulates the colours in detail – purple could be had in a full version as that 100.000 – 150.000 pieces may be well as in more pale greenish or whitish found in collections in America, Europe, and Asia. As yet, international collabora- liturgical service in the church must have tion has not been able to secure funding beenversions. a dazzling To judge and by colourful the specifications, experience. a for doing a full and proper registration of the diverse collections. In stead, beauti- Excavations around the Mediterranean ful collections help to focus the attention have unfortunately not as yet led to a pre- towards the artistic merits of the many cise understanding of how these large beautiful patterns and decorations. How- textiles were produced and what particu- ever, the last 20 years have also witnessed lar kinds of looms were used. However evidence in the form of papyrus illustra- material. tions witness to the existence of profes- an explosion in the scientific studies of the sional workshops. Two distinctive types - of tools used in these establishments have duction was the manufacture of large wall - 4 Another significant branch of textile pro been identified: pattern-books present ing general iconographic repertoires and shops could be found in both Southern cartoons, and 1.1 scale guides for weaving France and Tunisia. In medium-sized cities tapestry textiles. Detailed analysis by Gal- like Oxyrunchus, we know that about 60 % of the population was involved in the tex- conventions existed and that these were tile production, which produced the short perpetuatedliker has shown for centuries.that a significant In itself, body this of tunics and cloaks used in the Roman Army. underlines the professional character of much of this textile production in Late An- SOURCE: tiquity. The Cambridge History of Western Tex- tiles not mislead us to believe that textile By David Jenkins (ed) However, these finds from Egypt should production and consumption were the Cambridge University Press 2003 prerogative of the Egyptians. Precious tex- tiles were without a doubt produced as Middle Byzantine Silk in Context: Inte- well and in abundance in Syria, Palestine, grating the textural and Material Evi- and Constantinople and further into Asia dence. By Julia L. Galliker Palmyra and Masadah have shed light on Thesis submitted to the University of Bir- Minor. Early finds from Dura-Europos, the importance of those regions for both mingham for the degree of Doctor of Phi- textile imports and textile production on a losophy 2014 larger scale. Designing Identity: The Power of Tex- From an imperial decree from c. AD 300 tiles in Late Antiquity we also earn that textile workshops (gy- By Thelma K. Thomas (Ed) neecae/gynaikeia) as well as dying work- Princeton University Press 2016 A fragment of a tapestry representing two figures from Egypt, ca. 7th-9th century A.D. Byzantine Collection, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC 5 A child’s tunic with hood tapestry weave of dyed wools from Egypt. ca. 5th century A.D. The Metropolitan Museum of Art/Art Resource, NY Designing Identity: The Power of Textiles in Late Antiquity Moving from white togas to glittering purple silks, powerful textiles became a singularly effective way of signalling wealth and influence in Late Antiquity (AD 200 – 600). This spring an exhibition in NY offers a unique view of some of the bits and pieces still in existence. This spring, the Institute for the Study of views across Late Antique society (roughly the Ancient World at the New York Univer- third to seventh century CE). The exhibi- sity (NYU) has mounted an exhibition on how people in Late Antiquity used sump- diverse materials, techniques, and motifs tuous and powerful textiles to design their totion explore brings how together clothing over and fifty cloth textiles furnish of - identity. ings expressed ideals of self, society, and culture. Designing Identity: The Power of Textiles in Late Antiquity, offers intimate glimpses By their valuable materials and virtuoso into the lives of those who commissioned execution, the textiles displayed their own- and used textiles and more sweeping ers’ wealth and discernment. To modern 6 viewers, the materials and techniques also bition is open Wednesday to Sunday from attest to developments around the Medi- 11 to 6 pm with a late closure at 8 pm on terranean world and farther east along the Fridays. A free guided tour is offered each routes of the silk trade. The Late Antique Friday starting at 6 pm. owners, in choosing from a vast reper- tory of motifs, represented (hopefully All objects on view in the exhibition were more than actually) the prosperity and generously loaned by the following lend- well-being of their households. The own- ers: Brooklyn Museum, New York, NY ers represented themselves through the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH distinctively gendered imagery of manly Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC Kelsey and womanly virtues in mythological and Museum of Archaeology, University of Christian subjects so that in these textiles, Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI The Metropolitan we see distinctly personal manifestations Museum of Art, New York, NY Museum of of the religious transformation of the Ro- Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, MA man Empire into a Christian Empire. Designing Identity: Designing Identity: The Power of Textiles The Power of Textiles in Late Antiquity in Late Antiquity has been curated by 15 East 84th St. New York, NY 10028 Thelma K. Thomas, Associate Professor 25.02.2016 - 22.05.2016 of Fine Arts, Institute of Fine Arts, who is also the editor and a contributor to the show’s accompanying catalogue. The exhi- Exhibition at NYU/ISAW © ISAW 7 REVIEW OF CATALOGUE: Designing identity: The Power of Textiles in Late Antiquity The catalogue accompanying the exhibition on the Power of Textiles in Late Antiquity is both beautiful and informative Designing Identity: The Power of Tex- tiles in Late Antiquity Edited by Thelma K.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Our Day Will Come Heidi Moe Graviet Brigham Young University - Provo, [email protected]
    Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism Volume 11 Article 7 Issue 2 Fall 2018 December 2018 Our Day Will Come Heidi Moe Graviet Brigham Young University - Provo, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/criterion Part of the English Language and Literature Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Graviet, Heidi Moe (2018) "Our Day Will Come," Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism: Vol. 11 : Iss. 2 , Article 7. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/criterion/vol11/iss2/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the All Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. “our day will come” Echoes of Nationalism in Seamus Heaney’s “Bogland” Moe Graviet On 5 October 1968, a civil rights march ended in bloodshed in the streets of Londonderry. This event sparked the begin- ning of the Irish “Troubles”—a civil conflict between Protestants loyal to British reign and nationalist Catholics that would span nearly thirty years. Seamus Heaney, an Irish poet living through the turbulent period, saw many parallels between the disturbing violence of the “Troubles” and the tribal violence of the Iron Age, exploring many of these tensions in his poetry. Poems such as “Tollund Man” and “Punishment” still seem to catch attention for their graphic—verging on obsessive—rendering of tribal vio- lence and exploration of age-old, controversial questions concerning civility and barbarism. Poetry became Heaney’s literary outlet for frustration as he struggled to come to terms with the plight of his nation.
    [Show full text]
  • Generation of Two New Radiocarbon Standards for Compound-Specific
    Radiocarbon, Vol 63, Nr 3, 2021, p 771–783 DOI:10.1017/RDC.2021.15 © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press for the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. GENERATION OF TWO NEW RADIOCARBON STANDARDS FOR COMPOUND-SPECIFIC RADIOCARBON ANALYSES OF FATTY ACIDS FROM BOG BUTTER FINDS Emmanuelle Casanova1 • Timothy D J Knowles1,2 • Isabella Mulhall3 • Maeve Sikora3 • Jessica Smyth4 • Richard P Evershed1,2* 1Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol, UK 2Bristol Radiocarbon Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Bristol, 43 Woodland Road, Bristol, UK 3National Museum of Ireland, Kildare Street, Dublin 2, Ireland 4School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Newman Building, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ABSTRACT. The analysis of processing standards alongside samples for quality assurance in radiocarbon (14C) analyses is critical. Ideally, these standards should be similar both in nature and age to unknown samples. A new compound-specific approach was developed at the University of Bristol for dating pottery vessels using palmitic and stearic fatty acids extracted from within the clay matrix and isolated by preparative capillary gas chromatography. Obtaining suitable potsherds for use as processing standards in such analyses is not feasible, so we suggest that bog butter represents an ideal material for such purposes. We sampled ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Food, Economy and Social Complexity in the Bronze Age World
    22 Dalia A. Pokutta Food, Economy and Social Complexity in the Bronze Age World FOOD, ECONOMY AND SOCIAL COMPLEXITY IN THE BRONZE AGE WORLD: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY Dalia A. Pokutta1 __________________ 1Archaeological Research Laboratory University of Stockholm, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lilla Frescativägen 7, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden, [email protected] Abstract: Despite the fact that greater part of ingredients, such as dairy products or alcoholic drinks, were known al- ready in the Neolithic, food technology of the Bronze Age changed significantly. This paper aims to investigate prehistoric dietary habits and comment on the stable isotope values (13C/15N) of human/faunal remains from several large Bronze Age cemeteries in Europe and beyond. The human skeletal material derives from Early Bronze Age Iberia (2300–2000 BC), mainland Greece (Late Helladic Period III), Bronze Age Transcaucasia (the Kura-Araxes culture 3400–2000 BC), steppes of Kazakhstan (1800 BC), and Early Bronze Age China in Shang period (1523–1046 BC). The aim of this study is to determine distinctive features of food practice in the Bronze Age with an overview of economy and consumer be- haviours in relation to religion and state formation processes. Keywords: Bronze Age, prehistoric diet, isotopic analyses, Spain, Greece, Caucasus, Kazakhstan, China. Abstrakt: Jedlo, hospodárstvo a spoločenská komplexita v svete doby bronzovej. Napriek skutočnosti, že väčšia časť potravín, ako napríklad mliečne výrobky či alkoholické nápoje, bola známa už v závere neolitu, potravinová techno- lógia doby bronzovej sa výrazne zmenila. Táto štúdia skúma praveké stravovacie návyky a vyjadruje sa k hodnotám stabil- ných izotopov (13C/15N) v ľudských/zvieracích pozostatkoch z niekoľkých veľkých pohrebísk z doby bronzovej v Európe aj mimo nej.
    [Show full text]
  • Dooley Dispatch
    The Dooley Dispatch May 2018 Celebrating 39 years of Friendship, Unity, and Christian Charity Editor – Pat Shea 804.516.9598 ([email protected]) Photographer – Joe McGreal ([email protected]) Webmaster – Patrick Shea ([email protected]) Webpage http://aohrichmond.org Check out the web page for better pictures, events, green pages, various reports Chaplain Next Meeting – Tuesday May 8, 2018 7:00 p.m. St. Paul’s Church Fr. George Zahn President’s Message: President Scott Nugent 503-9888 Brothers, [email protected] Vice President It seems like we went from winter to summer in one Mike Canning 690-0338 week. Welcome to Richmond! [email protected] th Recording Secretary There is no bigger news this month than the 50 Anniversary John Condon 980-5649 of Father George Zahn’s ordination. As we all know, Father [email protected] George is the Chaplin of our Order and is one of the most Financial Secretary dedicated members. How many of us can say that both of John Costello 920-0534 our parents where each in the AOH/LAOH? The actual date [email protected] of his ordination was May 11, 1968. We are celebrating this momentous occasion Treasurer during our May 8 meeting at St Paul’s. Spouses are invited. We will have food, Patrick Knightly 687-3868 drinks and stories about our very own Father George. Please plan on attending. [email protected] Chairman of Standing We had another banner year for raffle tickets. Great job by Jim Woods leading the Committees effort and the Order for selling the tickets. Final numbers will be forthcoming.
    [Show full text]
  • Four Millennia of Dairy Surplus and Deposition Revealed Through
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Four millennia of dairy surplus and deposition revealed through compound-specifc stable isotope Received: 17 October 2018 Accepted: 21 February 2019 analysis and radiocarbon dating of Published: xx xx xxxx Irish bog butters Jessica Smyth 1,2, Robert Berstan2,3, Emmanuelle Casanova 2, Finbar McCormick4, Isabella Mulhall5, Maeve Sikora5, Chris Synnott6 & Richard P. Evershed 2 Bog butters are large white or yellow waxy deposits regularly discovered within the peat bogs of Ireland and Scotland. They represent an extraordinary survival of prehistoric and later agricultural products, comprising the largest deposits of fat found anywhere in nature. Often found in wooden containers or wrapped in animal bladders, they are considered to have been buried intentionally by past farming communities. While previous analysis has determined that Irish bog butters derive from animal fat, their precise characterisation could not be achieved due to diagenetic compositional alterations during burial. Via compound-specifc stable isotope analysis, we provide the frst conclusive evidence of a dairy fat origin for the Irish bog butter tradition, which difers from bog butter traditions observed elsewhere. Our research also reveals a remarkably long-lived tradition of deposition and possible curation spanning at least 3500 years, from the Early Bronze Age (c. 1700 BC) to the 17th century AD. This is conclusively established via an extensive suite of both bulk and compound-specifc radiocarbon dates. Bog butters are large, white to yellow waxy deposits regularly recovered from the peat bogs of Ireland and Scotland, ofen found in wooden containers or wrapped in bark or animal membranes (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • 9 the Role of the Bog in Ethnic Tourism
    BOGS OF IRELAND text 11/18/03 2:33 pm Page 53 9 THE ROLE OF THE BOG IN ETHNIC TOURISM. BOGS IN THE IRISH PSYCHE. You can take the man out of the bog but you can’t take the bog out of the man. We, the Irish, are bog people. The bog water runs in our veins. The bog represents our collective unconsciousness. The bog is a symbol of our Irishness. It awakens our ancient race memory of pain and suffering, poverty and famine when we were deprived of everything except the bog. This hurts us deeply and makes us uncomfortable and ashamed. To escape this shame we refer to the bog in derisory terms i.e. "He’s only a bogman". But, painful as the past has been, we cannot forget it. Neither do we want to forget it because our past is part of what we are. To the Irish, the bog is also a very beautiful and benign place. We associate quietness, stillness, reflection and otherness with the bog. The bog represents the mystery inside us. When we go there as children, we go with older people. It is the place where age barriers break down. Games are played, stories are told and songs are sung in spite of the back-breaking work. Grown men light fires and make tea, normally women’s work. The simple bread and butter tastes like heavenly food. We stay there all day and it is usually summer. There is a sense of being in migration. The place is physically beautiful.
    [Show full text]
  • Dairy, Diet and Class During the South Levantine Iron Age II Period
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses November 2016 Clay Pot Cookery: Dairy, Diet and Class during the South Levantine Iron Age II Period Mary K. Larkum University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Larkum, Mary K., "Clay Pot Cookery: Dairy, Diet and Class during the South Levantine Iron Age II Period" (2016). Doctoral Dissertations. 754. https://doi.org/10.7275/9268347.0 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/754 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Clay Pot Cookery: Dairy, Diet and Class during the South Levantine Iron Age II Period A Dissertation Presented by Mary K. Larkum Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY September 2016 Anthropology © Copyright by Mary K. Larkum 2016 All rights reserved Clay Pot Cookery: Dairy, Diet and Class during the South Levantine Iron Age II Period A Dissertation Presented by MARY K. LARKUM Approved as to style and content by: __________________________________________ Michael O. Sugerman, Chair __________________________________________ Krista Harper, Member __________________________________________ Steven T. Petsch, Member __________________________________ Jacqueline L. Urla, Chair Anthropology For my daughter Emerald and for Mark. I got you. “The Bible never purports to provide dietary advice.
    [Show full text]
  • Rationing in Emergency Ireland, 1939-48
    Rationing in Emergency Ireland, 1939-48 by Ciarán Bryan Thesis for the degree of PhD in History Department of History National University of Ireland Maynooth HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: Professor Marian Lyons Supervisor of Research: Dr Jacinta Prunty September 2014 Contents Acknowledgements ii Abbreviations iv List of figures vi List of tables ix Introduction 1 Chapter I The practical, political, economic, and legislative 22 underpinnings of rationing in Ireland Chapter II Shortages and rationing in Ireland, 1939-45 62 Chapter III State and voluntary welfare mechanisms, 1939-45 129 Chapter IV The Catholic Social Service Conference, 1941-48 187 Chapter V Nutritional science and its social application, 1912-48 230 Chapter VI The Long Emergency, 1945-48 281 Conclusion 323 Bibliography 331 Acknowledgements From start to finish, my supervisor Dr Jacinta Prunty, provided great encouragement, wise counsel and invaluable support that helped me bring this thesis to fruition. I want to record my heartfelt thanks for her unfailing attention, patience and generosity. Our meetings always provided me with plenty of food for thought and thanks to Jacinta’s kindness I rarely left our meetings on an empty stomach. This I think is something of an irony considering the nature of the topic, but it was always a welcome boost! On a more serious note I want to record that as my supervisor Jacinta brought great intellectual rigour tempered with the human qualities of generosity and kindness. Special thanks must also go to Professor R.V. Comerford who encouraged me down this path and to Professor Marian Lyons, Professor Jackie Hill, Professor Raymond Gillespie for their invaluable suggestions and clarity of thought always willingly provided when sought.
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Dairy Farmer. on a Daily Basis
    1 2 15 History Lesson 1 Activity Sheets Answers 2 Lesson Two • History Strand: Local studies. • Continuity and change over time. Strand • Buildings, sites or ruins in my Unit: locality. • Food and farming. • Barter, trade and money. What will I learn? • The day to day lives of the first famers. • The importance of cows as a resource for the first farmers. • The nutritional value of butter in peoples’ lives. • Methods of food preservation used in times gone by. The Butter Museum Dictionary! Match the word with the correct meaning. Use your dictionary to help you. There is one answer done for you. Match up the rest! First farmers The formation of crystals. Neolithic The act of buying and selling things, especially things that are produced in one country and sold to customers in another country. Crystallises To cause to feel comfortable at home. Hunter- gatherers Material made from the skin of an animal. People make shoes, bags, and many other things from this. Domesticate Period of time also known as the Stone Age- about 8,000BC to 3,500BC. Dairy products Being the place of birth of a person, animal, or plant, or having to do with its place or situation of birth. Leather A wooden vessel. Trading People who came to Ireland around 4000BC. –The beginning of the New Stone Age Native Products which are produced from the milk of an animal. Preservation No longer in existence; lost or especially having died out leaving no living representatives. Extinct Preventing the growth of bacteria or other micro-organisms on food/ preventing it from going off.
    [Show full text]
  • 25 Depositional Traditions in Iron Age Kormt
    Torun Zachrisson 25 Depositional Traditions in Iron Age Kormt This paper explores Iron Age depositions in wetlands and on dry ground in Kormt. The types of objects deposited and their contexts are discussed from a long-term perspective, and the emerg- ing patterns are interpreted in cultural-historical terms. The early Iron Age depositions cluster on northeastern and southwestern Kormt, especially in the Avaldsnes and Ferkingstad areas. They indicate the presence of men of military rank and are placed at strategic maritime sites: Ferkingstad and northern Kormt. The depositional tradi- tions of the early Iron Age resemble those of nearby Jæren and southernmost Hordaland, and indeed those of northern Jylland, Denmark. No depositions are known from the period AD 550–700. In the Viking Period, the deposi- tional tradition in Kormt society seems to have played a more limited and less aristocratic role than previously. The depositional traditions differ from neighbouring as well as distant regions with which there formerly were similarities. Depositions – objects taken out of normal use and laid down – represent a problem- atic category of archaeological finds, encompassing objects left in watery places such as bogs, lakes, springs, and rivers as well as objects left on dry ground, in specially marked places – near a boulder, in a talus, or in a crack in the ground – or simply in soil without any special marking. Added to these are objects found on dry ground that was formerly a wetland, which gradually dried up over time due to shoreline displacement or ditching activities. These abandoned objects can have been either lost or consciously deposited; which of the two can often be impossible distinguish when dealing with single objects.
    [Show full text]
  • A Historical Ecology of the Bog of Allen
    Jamie Moloney 10601562 Landscapes of the Anthropocene: A Historical Ecology of the Bog of Allen Jamie Moloney 10601562 Research Master in Social Sciences (RMSS) Supervisors: Amade M’charek and Danny de Vries Universiteit van Amsterdam 15 February 2016 Submitted in Sage Harvard Reference Style for the Anthropocene Review journal 1 Jamie Moloney 10601562 Abstract One of the key problems in determining the future of the Irish landscape is the conflict of interests playing out upon its bogs between those who would utilise these hydrological relics of the past as a domestic fuel source and those who would conserve them as important habitats for both plants and animals. Through the application of historical ecology, the aim of this study is to integrate the methods of social and natural history to give historical and cultural depth to our understandings of this normatively entrenched conflict and to go some way in determining why we may see such competing views of the landscape as a possible manifestation of the Anthropocene. Introduction The Bog of Allen represents, both symbolically and materially, the largest expanse of raised bog in the Irish midlands covering an approximate area of 115,080ha (Hammond, 1979); such a vast area of bogland has been laid down over millennia, stretching as far back as the last glacial maximum (LGM) 20,000 years ago. However, it has taken a mere 200 years for human activity to reduce the Bog of Allen by over 90% (Hurley, 2005); as Viney observes: ‘the great raised bogs of the midlands are down to mere shreds and remnants…drained or scooped away for a host of different and profitable ends’ (Viney, 2003: xii).
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Dairy Farmer. on a Daily Basis
    1 2 15 History Lesson 1 Activity Sheets 2 Lesson Two • History Strand: Local studies. • Continuity and change over time. Strand • Buildings, sites or ruins in my Unit: locality. • Food and farming. • Barter, trade and money. What will I learn? • The day to day lives of the first famers. • The importance of cows as a resource for the first farmers. • The nutritional value of butter in peoples’ lives. • Methods of food preservation used in times gone by. The Butter Museum Dictionary! Match the word with the correct meaning. Use your dictionary to help you. There is one answer done for you. Match up the rest! First farmers The formation of crystals. Neolithic The act of buying and selling things, especially things that are produced in one country and sold to customers in another country. Crystallises To cause to feel comfortable at home. Hunter- gatherers Material made from the skin of an animal. People make shoes, bags, and many other things from this. Domesticate Period of time also known as the Stone Age- about 8,000BC to 3,500BC. Dairy products Being the place of birth of a person, animal, or plant, or having to do with its place or situation of birth. Leather A wooden vessel. Trading People who came to Ireland around 4000BC. –The beginning of the New Stone Age Native Products which are produced from the milk of an animal. Preservation No longer in existence; lost or especially having died out leaving no living representatives. Extinct Preventing the growth of bacteria or other micro-organisms on food/ preventing it from going off.
    [Show full text]