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BRAZIL: the Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

BRAZIL: the Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

Tropical Birding - Trip Report : The Atlantic Introtour, Jan 2017

A Tropical Birding SET DEPARTURE tour BRAZIL: THE INTROTOUR 10-17 September 2017

TOUR LEADER: ANDRES VASQUEZ Photos by Andres Vasquez

One of the endemic Brazilian , the gorgeous Rufous-headed

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INTRODUCTION: This short tour is a great hit due to many reasons. -wise it produces lots of Brazilian endemics that often come in the shape of the most beautifully colored tanagers or the nicest patterned not to mention some extravagant hummingbirds and elegant . Scenery-wise, we travel in some beautiful landscapes from the lowland rainforest to the -dominated highland forest, and from the coastline to the drier interior. This trip is designed to give the opportunity to travelers that cannot spend a long time away from home so they can see a large number of Atlantic Forest specialties in a relatively small area.

Some of the highlights, voted by the participants, included Bare-throated Bellbird singing right above our heads with its ear-splitting “boinks”, a patient Frilled Coquette that perched and gave scope views to the whole group, the dullish but very special Three-toed Jacamar, a close encounter with -legged Seriemas in an open field, the cute White-eared Puffbird, good views of a gorgeous male Green-crowned Plovercrest, the hulking Giant Antshrike (which was the chosen representative of the amazing family), and among all the stunning tanagers, the Brassy-breasted got picked as the favorite. Even I got a couple lifers that had avoided me the past five years of birding these areas: the scarce -headed Tanager along the trails of Itororó Lodge (which apparently is “the place” for this bird in the region) and the probably spreading Campo Troupial near Sumidouro.

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September 10th: Rio to Regua: We started our tour at Rio’s airport hotel where we were met by the van driver from Reserva Ecologica Guapiassu, aka REGUA. Everyone had chosen to arrive the day before, so there was no reason to pick up anyone at the airport. Despite this, we did not start this day very early, since part of the morning was spent driving towards the lodge, doing some occasional birding on the way. We even had some time to check the gardens behind and in front of the airport hotel where some of the participants got a couple “onlys” for the tour: Harris’s Hawk and Orange-headed Tanager.

On the way to the lodge we took a little detour and birded along some narrower dirt roads where we found our first Campo Flickers, a couple Hooded Tanagers, a trip favorite White- eared Puffbird, Yellow-bellied Elaenias, White-rumped , Yellowish , Yellow-headed Caracara, and a few more. The most rewarding was a lone Streamer-tailed Tyrant (photo right) that came in and sat on a wire right above our heads.

We arrived into our lodge just before noon and were “forced” to stay in the gardens enjoying the feeders since our rooms were not ready given that a large group just left that morning. It was ok for us since we managed to see our first -tailed Hummingbirds and Black Jacobins at the feeders plus the first Sayaca and Burnished- Tanagers, Red-rumped Caciques www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.3 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017 and Purple-throated Euphonias that came down to the fruit feeders. After lunch, a small flock with Flame-crested and Yellow-backed Tanagers, Chestnut-vented Conebill and White-barred Piculet came in close to the gardens and kept us entertained for a while as we waited for the rooms, then when they were ready we checked in, unpacked, and got ready for the afternoon excursion.

When the hottest time of the day passed, we started our walk towards the famous wetlands of the reserve that holds lots of cool . We soon found a quite skittish Blond-crested Woodpecker, a more cooperative Yellow-eared Woodpecker, the cute White-headed Marsh-Tyrant, the dullish Planalto Tyrannulet, a skulking Yellow-chinned Spinetail and a few other before scanning the ponds. On the water we saw Brazilian Teal, Common Gallinule, White-faced and Black-bellied Whistling-Ducks, a few herons plus a family of Capybaras that was resting calmly on a distant shore, but as we approached they slowly went into the water.

Some other birds of the afternoon came in later near the far end of the wetlands. Glowing with the afternoon light we saw a few males of Chestnut-capped Blackbird singing away from the top of some vegetation over the water, a pair of the Brazilian endemic Wing-banded that are always around water, and, another endemic and SE Brazil specialty, the very loud Gray-hooded Attila (photo below) that came in quite close to us and allowed us some photos.

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September 11th: Regua, the 4x4 trail and the wetlands: We used Regua’s iconic old Toyota pickup truck to go up a steep track, often called the 4x4 trail. We departed right at dawn this day since it takes about 25 minutes to reach the best birding areas in this spot. We were lucky that the only local driver for that day was a good friend of mine and one of the great local bird guides of the reserve, Adelei. Usually he is busy guiding other groups, but this time we were fortunate that he was able to accompany us the rest of the time we were at Regua, since he had up to date info on the territories of the birds. He was even able to join us on the excursion to the coast the following day and was rewarded with a lifer.

Ok, getting back on topic, on that first morning on the 4x4 trail we got tons of good stuff. Many things we had to work for quite a bit due to their skulking nature but we got well rewarded. Highlights included Scaled , Black-capped and White-eyed Foliage-gleaners, White-flanked, Rufous-winged, Star-throated, Streak-capped and Unicolored Antrwrens, Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant, White-shouldered Fire-eye, Plain and Spot-breasted Antvireos, Rufous-breasted Leaftosser, Plain-winged , Spot-billed Toucanet, Rufous-capped Motmot, Surucua Trogon, White-barred Piculet (photo above), Violaceous Euphonia, among others.

The morning was a great success so we returned to the lodge for a nice lunch and a good rest. In the afternoon we returned to the wetlands, this time birding a couple of different trails. It was a hot afternoon and the birding started slowly, but we managed to add several things to the list including Yellow Tyrannulet, Capped Heron, the Brazilian endemic Sooretama Slaty-Antshrike, a difficult but rewarding Southern , the minuscule Reddish Hermit, a lone Lesser Woodcreeper, our first Swallow-tailed , and the endemic Long-billed Wren. Heading back to the lodge www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.5 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017 quite late in the afternoon Adelei spotted a Maned Three-toed Sloth (photo below) that was coming down from a Cecropia tree quite close to us but when it noticed our presence it decided not to go all the way down and instead it moved on to another tree and disappeared into the vegetation; clearly we were delighted looking at it for so long; it’s quite slow moving of course.

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September 12th: The coast and restinga habitat: An early start was required today since we needed to drive for about 2 hours to the coast near the town of Praia Seca to reach the closest restinga location. Restinga is a habitat of quite diverse thick vegetation specially adapted to sandy and nutrient-poor soils located close to the ocean; these are also prime real estate developing areas and therefore the ecosystem has suffered enormously in the past decades until it finally got some legal protection by Brazil some years back.

Relatively few birds depend on this habitat, and the most famous is certainly the beautiful Restinga Antwren, which was our main goal this morning. Once in the correct habitat, this antwren is in fact common but often skulking, we saw it but didn’t manage any photos. Some other birds we found in this spot were Tropical Mockingbird (photo below), which was Adelei’s lifer, the weirdly distributed (photo on next page), Hangnest Tody-Tyrant, Brazilian Tanager, Lemon-chested Greenlet and Burrowing Owl. Scanning the ocean and a nearby pond we found Semipalmated Plover, Black-necked Stilt, White-cheeked Pintail, Kelp Gull, Booby, and South American, Royal and Sandwich () Terns.

There is not a lot more to look for here, so we headed back to the lodge for a late lunch. The afternoon was very hot and we did not see much from the lodge grounds. One of the participants decided to take the afternoon off, but got lucky to see a Mantled Hawk from the balcony while we were gone. Late in the afternoon we took the blue pickup truck and went to a nearby site where, at dusk, Giant Snipes display. We saw only flight views of three individuals but the views were quite satisfactory. A shy Scissor-tailed Nightjar flew by distantly. Prior to that, while waiting for it to get dark, we saw Yellow-browed Tyrant, White-bellied Seedeater, Wedge-tailed Grass-, Striped Cuccko, and a couple of Ash- throated Crakes that walked tamely in front of us without any playback needed. www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.7 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

Bicolored Conebill above and White-cheeked Pintails below

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September 13th: The green trail and Waldenor’s area: A couple of the most remarkable birds of the trip were seen this day, but it required quite a bit of walking along a hilly but very “birdy” trail. We started with Gray-hooded and - bellied Flycatchers and a Black-cheeked (photo below), right at the start and later White-necked and Yellow- legged Thrush. The whole morning we kept on finding new birds almost constantly, but they were scattered along the path; highlights were Pin-tailed Manakin, Rough-legged Tyrannulet, Golden-chevroned and Red-necked Tanagers, Grayish Mourner, Yellow-green , Euler's Flycatcher, Buff-fronted and Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaners, Black- throated Grosbeak, and almost at the end of the trail, near a beautiful waterfall where we rested for a while, we found the bird if the morning, the pristine white Bare-throated Bellbird that took a while to spot, but finally we saw it well. Only Adelei and I got views of the rare Salvadori’s Antwren close to the same spot.

The afternoon hike was along the Waldenor trail located on a more distant part of the reserve, not adjacent to the main section. We added this excursion since there were reports of a staked-out a Frilled Coquette in a clearing close to some flowering trees. It turned out to be a great idea since in the end it was one of the selected “birds of the trip”. The trail was a bit steep but we did it slowly, stopping for a few other birds. We were rewarded with, among other things, the endemic Saw-billed Hermit which perched patiently for scope views, a male Black-throated Trogon, the only Yellow- fronted Woodpeckers of the trip, White-thighed Swallows, and the first Azure-shouldered Tanagers.

After reaching the coquette´s territory it took is just a few minutes to find it but due to the high expectations, those few minutes felt like an hour in my head, especially when we didn’t see it in the main spot where Adelei had seen the bird previously. I was relieved when Danielle, one of the participants, spotted the bird almost by accident while we were www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.9 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017 looking at other birds. We were concentrating on a distant mixed flock, and she instead focused her bins to close range, which is where she found the Frilled Coquette (photo below on right) on a twig where none of us thought of looking at before. The bird sat there for a good while and I even managed to put it in the scope for everybody to have outstanding close up views.

Happy, with the target in the pocket, we started heading back. We got in the truck and started heading down, but we were forced to stop for a perched Brazilian endemic White-necked Hawk (photo below on left) that was sitting patiently on the side of the road. The last bird of the day was by coincidence in the same spot, the endemic Crescent-chested Puffbird that we tracked down and scoped.

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September 14th: Sumidouro area: Our time at Regua had come to an end since we needed to move on to higher elevations to find a new set of birds. We departed very early in the morning with all our bags to drive to the next location. This day required quite a bit of driving but we made several stops here and there for birding and to also admire the scenery. We drove over the famous Serra dos Orgãos mountain range, passing beautiful rock formations like the iconic Dedo de Deus (God’s Finger). Some people joked that it will switch fingers if humans continue to make a mess of this world (photo on left).

The first couple hours of the day are mainly driving, but from time to time we find some new road side birds that forced us to stop. That was the case of a couple Crested Black-Tyrants and the first of many Dusky-legged Guans. We also wasted a little time with a possible “Buff-bellied Puffbird” which turned out to be a Great Kiskadee after a little maneuvering on the highway.

We reached one of the main birding areas of the day at about 8:30 and went to a stretch of road I hadn’t been to before, because Alceni, our driver, knew a stakeout for Campo Troupial (photo on next page) that I really wanted. In the same area we also saw the main target of the area, the local Brazilian endemic Three-toed Jacamar.

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Other interesting birds seen on that stop included Black-necked Aracari, a Common Pauraque flushed, Piliated Finch, Glitering-bellied, Glitering-throated, and Sapphire-spangled Emeralds, Gild-edged Tanager, a lone Plumbeous Kite, and Chestnut-backed Antshrike. We then went to a stakeout for Narrow-billed Woodcreeper, and besides this species we also found a very accommodating pair of Firewood-Gatherers that came in from a long distance to give us good scope views.

Other stops later on the day turned out to be very rewarding despite the hot and sunny weather. For instance the lunch stop that we had at a random shady side road produced a flock of Blue-winged Parrotlets, a pair of Variable Antshrikes, Bran- colored Flycatcher, Long-tailed Tyrant, and Crested Oropendolas while we ate our packed lunches.

Farther down the road we took a little detour driving a couple kilometers on a dirt road that passed through a mixture of open fields and some patches of secondary forest always has good stuff and this time was no exception.

A pair of Red-legged Seriemas walked through a grass field near where we turned around. There we also saw Giant Cowbirds and a pair of the Brazilian endemic Cinnamon Tanager which is not always an easy bird on this trip. The area also held other open country birds like Ultramarine Grosbeak that flew by and a White-rumped Monjita. In the secondary forest patch we found , Ochre- faced Tody-Flycatcher, Orange- eyed Thornbird, Spix’s Spinetail, and Rufous-browed Peppershrike.

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The oddly beautiful Three-toed Jacamar above and the stately Red-legged Seriema below

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Late in the afternoon we arrived at Itororó Lodge for a 3 night stay. We spent the last hour of sunlight right at the balcony overlooking a beautiful valley with an incredible view and managed to see various new things like a soaring Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle, a pair of Slaty-breasted Wood-Rails that were running along the low gardens, and several of the birds that visit the feeders daily.

September 15th: Itororó Lodge: The first night at this very nice lodge was such a great change in terms of temperature since it was the first cool weather for a while (especially for those of us who had just come from the -Amazon tour before); it felt awesome. The morning was nice and cool but it warmed up a lot by mid-day. We spent the morning walking the trails near the lodge and covered a lot of ground.

Since we were in a new ecosystem, we got tons of new birds that day. We started with a group of Brassy-breasted Tanagers (photo below) that were foraging quite low on the trees. We soon found ourselves surrounded by bamboo and this means we soon found several specialties associated with these plants. The first was a very responsive Bertoni’s Antbird, followed by its congener, Ochre-rumped Antbird, then White-collared Foliage-gleaner, White-browed Warbler, -breasted Pygmy-Tyrant, Rufous-capped and Gray-bellied Spinetails, Lineated Woodpecker, - breasted Tanager, Peach-fronted and -bellied Parakeets, and the dull Brazilian endemic Serra do Mar Tyrant- Manakin, all these during the first couple hours of the morning.

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Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin above and the very nice Fawn-breasted Tanager below

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Later that morning things started to get quiet so we decided to just walk along the longest loop trail to see if some things would start calling, and this was a good plan since we picked up quite a few things on this walk. First it was another endemic, Scaled Woodcreeper, afterwards we got Greenish , a surprising Hook-billed Kite, some more Bare-throated Bellbirds (better views than previously), Pallid Spinetail (another endemic), Sharp-shinned Hawk, and, only for the ones that were in front of the group, an unexpected Brown Tinamou that was walking on the trail away from us until it decided to turn inside the dense foliage.

We had a good rest in the early afternoon right after lunch and at about 3pm we spent some time watching the feeders near the main building. It was an unusually warm day, and the action at the feeders was a little slow, but it started to pick up and we managed some nice birds like a Half-collared Sparrow (photo above) right underneath the view point/feeders platform. Some of the interesting birds present at the feeders were Scale-throated Hermit, Black Jacobin, Brazilian Ruby, White-throated Hummingbird, Amethyst Woodstar, Violet-capped Woodnymph, and Sapphire- spangled Emerald, Black-goggled, Azure-shouldered, Burnish-buff, Golden-chevroned, Fawn-breasted, Ruby-crowned, and Sayaca Tanagers, Maroon-bellied Parakeet, Dusky-legged Guan, and Rufous-collared Sparrow.

We went back to the trails later in the afternoon and managed to call in a female Giant Antshrike, and a pair of Rufous , plus we saw Green-winged Saltator and Hooded Siskin, which were new birds for the tour. At dusk we walked to a clearing were some nights a Long-trained Nightjar displays but we were only partially lucky since only one participant and I got to see the bird as it flushed from the ground and left to never come back that night despite some more waiting.

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Black-goggled Tanager above and Burnish-buff Tanager below, both at feeders near the restaurant.

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September 16th: Pico da Caledonia: It was the last of the early starts, as we needed to drive for about one hour to the famous highland site of Pico da Caledonia. Right where we started walking, we quickly found a couple new birds for us like Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner, Rufous-capped Greenlet, and the first of several Green-crowned Plovercrests.

Unfortunately, the steep, cobblestone road had deteriorated in recent years, with large potholes that looked more like craters, which made it so that even the 4x4 could not pass. We decided to just bite the bullet and walk all the way to the highest spot of the hill since that is the only habitat for a couple of target birds. Weather was not as expected, it was not cold at all despite the over 7000ft of elevation (some days it can be frigid). It was so warm that we peeled off our layers and left them in the truck before hiking past the potholes.

We continued birding and found a good deal of target endemic species like Velvety Black-Tyrant,, Rufous-tailed Antbird, Bay- chested Warbling-Finch (photo on next page) and Serra do Mar Tyrannulet (photo on next page), plus other key high elevation birds like Shear-tailed Gray-Tyrant, Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet, Diademed Tanager, Thick-billed Saltator, and another of the hulking Southeast Brazil specialty antbirds, the superb Large-tailed Antshrike (photo on left).

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Bay-chested Warbling-Finch above and Serra do Mar Tyrannulet below

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I had told the driver that if he puts a rock here and there he might be able to pass and pick us up a little higher to help us out. We heard from the distance a truck coming and we thought it was our car, but it was another car that was able to make it, so we had the hope that our car would also do it, and to our surprise he did.

We could only drive a short distance before there was another huge hole in the road that was impassable. So we rested a bit and started walking last few hundred meters along the steepest portion of the road.

Almost at tree line, we found a few new birds, White-browed Woodpecker (photo left), Rufous- capped Antshrike, White-tailed Hawk, and Blue-billed Black- Tyrant. We made it to some patches of high elevation grasses that are the habitat for the scarce endemic Itatiaia Spinetail, so once again we asked our legs to give a little more and started heading up the steps. Not too far up we already heard a couple singing distantly and we tried to call them in but only I got flight views before they went quiet. We were not going to let this one get away after all the walking we did, so we had to try a little higher for a pair that I could hear singing near the antennas at the top of the mountain. I decided to try calling the birds before reaching the top to see if they decided to come down, and after a little playback a pair of these sneaky birds came in silently right to where we were and we managed great views.

We started walking back down the mountain, and halfway down we finally found the main target of the area, the extremely local Gray-winged , and we got great scope views. Farther down we got the other big target we were missing, the elegant Black-and- Cotinga, whose deceptive high pitch song we had heard throughout the morning. www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.20 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

The view from the top of the Pico de Caledonia after finding the Itatiaia Spinetail

We had our packed lunch at a shady spot, then headed back to the lodge where we had a relaxed afternoon around the feeders. We saw mostly the same set of birds as before, but some Magpie Tanagers (photo on next page) came in and gave us a show.

We still had unfinished business with the nightjar, so we waited until dusk and walked to the spot we had it previously, but despite a long wait the bird did not come. We did not go out empty handed, since I managed to call in a White- throated Woodcreeper using my spotlight to illuminate it in the darkness.

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Magpie Tanager above and Ruby-crowned Tanger male below, both at Itororó’s feeders

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September 17th: Itororó and departure: Sadly our time on this tour had almost come to an end but not without one more birding morning. We took our last walk on the trails of the lodge early in the morning hoping to find at least a couple new birds and we were not disappointed with the three we got. The morning was a little cool and birds were not very active at the beginning. We starting seeing some of the birds we had already seen before but we were trying better views of a couple of the skulking ones. The first of the new birds we got that day was the scarce and local Chestnut- headed Tanager which was a lifer for me so I was very happy. Later we managed to call in the skulking but beautifully patterned Dusky-tailed Antbird and finally, with some luck and with some patience, we managed to have a couple Spot- winged Wood-Quails crossing the trail but only a few participants got to see them.

We departed the lodge after our morning hike. Not too far away we stopped when I heard Orange-eyed Thornbirds (photo above) calling from a patch next to the road. I knew that in this random spot these birds probably had never been exposed to playback, and the results were nice!

We had one more birding stop, closer to Rio, in lower elevations. Just as we stopped we had a great flock with many birds, all of them we had seen before but we were happy to see again Rufous-headed, Red-necked, and Green-headed Tanagers at eye-level. A little way along the trail we found Gray-hooded Attila, Black-cheeked Gnateater, Chestnut- crowned and others, and found one a new endemic bird, a family group of the bright -green Tanager. We had run out of time, and started our drive to Rio’s International Airport, where the tour finished.

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LIST:

322 bird species were recorded on this 8-day trip of which 18 species were heard only (H) and just 3 were seen only by the tour leader (L). 301 birds were seen by at least one of the participants. (E)=Brazilian endemic, (I)=Introduced.

TINAMOUS TINAMIDAE 1 H Solitary Tinamou Tinamus solitarius 2 Brown Tinamou Crypturellus obsoletus DUCKS, GEESE, AND WATERFOWL ANATIDAE 3 White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata 4 Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis 5 Brazilian Teal Amazonetta brasiliensis 6 White-cheeked Pintail Anas bahamensis GUANS AND ALLIES CRACIDAE 7 Dusky-legged Guan Penelope obscura NEW WORLD QUAIL ODONTOPHORIDAE 8 Spot-winged Wood-Quail Odontophorus capueira FRIGATEBIRDS FREGATIDAE 9 Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens BOOBIES AND GANNETS 10 Brown Booby Sula leucogaster CORMORANTS AND SHAGS PHALACROCORACIDAE 11 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS ARDEIDAE 12 Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum 13 Great Egret Ardea alba 14 Snowy Egret Egretta thula 15 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea 16 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis 17 Striated Heron Butorides striata 18 Whistling Heron Syrigma sibilatrix 19 Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus 20 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax NEW WORLD VULTURES CATHARTIDAE 21 Black Vulture Coragyps atratus 22 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura 23 Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus HAWKS, EAGLES, AND KITES ACCIPITRIDAE 24 Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus 25 Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus 26 Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus melanoleucus www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.24 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

27 Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea 28 Sharp-shinned (Rufous-thighed) Hawk Accipiter striatus erythronemius 29 Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis 30 White-necked Hawk (E) Buteogallus lacernulatus 31 Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris 32 Harris's Hawk Parabuteo unicinctus 33 White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus 34 Mantled Hawk Pseudastur polionotus RAILS, GALLINULES, AND COOTS RALLIDAE 35 Rufous-sided Crake Laterallus melanophaius 36 H Gray-cawled Wood-Rail Aramides cajaneus 37 Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail Aramides saracura 38 Ash-throated Crake Mustelirallus albicollis 39 H Blackish Rail Pardirallus nigricans 40 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinicus 41 Common Gallinule Gallinula galeata PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS CHARADRIIDAE 42 Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis 43 Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus STILTS AND AVOCETS RECURVIROSTRIDAE 44 Black-necked (White-backed) Stilt Himantopus mexicanus melanurus JACANAS JACANIDAE 45 Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana SANDPIPERS AND ALLIES SCOLOPACIDAE 46 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius 47 Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 48 Giant Snipe Gallinago undulata gigantea GULLS AND TERNS LARIDAE 49 Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus 50 South American Tern Sterna hirundinacea 51 Royal Tern Thalasseus maximus 52 Sandwich (Cayenne) Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis eurygnathus PIGEONS AND DOVES COLUMBIDAE 53 Rock Pigeon (I) Columba livia 54 Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis 55 Picazuro Pigeon Patagioenas picazuro 56 Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas plumbea plumbea 57 Plain-breasted Ground-Dove Columbina minuta 58 Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti 59 H Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana 60 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi 61 Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.25 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

FALCONS AND CARACARAS FALCONIDAE 62 H Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis 63 Southern Caracara Caracara plancus 64 Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima SERIEMAS CARIAMIDAE 65 Red-legged Seriema Cariama cristata 66 Plain Parakeet (E) tirica 67 Scaly-headed Pionus maximiliani 68 Blue-winged Parrotlet Forpus xanthopterygius 69 Maroon-bellied Parakeet Pyrrhura frontalis 70 Peach-fronted Parakeet Eupsittula aurea 71 White-eyed Parakeet Psittacara leucophthalmus CUCKOOS CUCULIDAE 72 Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana 73 Guira Cuckoo Guira guira 74 Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia 75 Greater Ani Crotophaga major 76 Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani OWLS STRIGIDAE 77 Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba 78 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum 79 Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia NIGHTJARS AND ALLIES CAPRIMULGIDAE 80 Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis 81 Scissor-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis torquata 82 Long-trained Nightjar Macropsalis forcipata POTOOS NYCTIBIIDAE 83 H Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus SWIFTS APODIDAE 84 White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris 85 Biscutate Swift Streptoprocne biscutata 86 Sick's Swift Chaetura meridionalis 87 Gray-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris 88 Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE 89 Black Jacobin Florisuga fusca 90 Saw-billed Hermit (E) Ramphodon naevius 91 Reddish Hermit Phaethornis ruber 92 Planalto Hermit Phaethornis pretrei 93 Scale-throated Hermit Phaethornis eurynome 94 Frilled Coquette Lophornis magnificus www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.26 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

95 Brazilian Ruby (E) Clytolaema rubricauda 96 Amethyst Woodstar Calliphlox amethystina 97 Glittering-bellied Emerald Chlorostilbon lucidus 98 Green-crowned Plovercrest (E) Stephanoxis lalandi 99 Swallow-tailed Hummingbird Eupetomena macroura 100 Violet-capped Woodnymph Thalurania glaucopis 101 White-throated Hummingbird Leucochloris albicollis 102 Versicolored Emerald Amazilia versicolor 103 Glittering-throated Emerald Amazilia fimbriata 104 Sapphire-spangled Emerald Amazilia lactea TROGONS TROGONIDAE 105 Surucua Trogon Trogon surrucura aurantius 106 Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus MOTMOTS MOMOTIDAE 107 Rufous-capped Motmot Baryphthengus ruficapillus KINGFISHERS ALCEDINIDAE 108 Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata 109 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona PUFFBIRDS BUCCONIDAE 110 White-eared Puffbird Nystalus chacuru 111 Crescent-chested Puffbird (E) Malacoptila striata JACAMARS GALBULIDAE 112 Three-toed Jacamar (E) Jacamaralcyon tridactyla 113 Rufous-tailed Jacamar Galbula ruficauda RAMPHASTIDAE 114 Black-necked Aracari Pteroglossus aracari 115 Spot-billed Toucanet maculirostris 116 Channel-billed vitellinus ariel WOODPECKERS PICIDAE 117 White-barred Piculet Picumnus cirratus 118 Yellow-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes flavifrons 119 Yellow-eared Woodpecker (E) Veniliornis maculifrons 120 Yellow-throated Woodpecker Piculus flavigula erythropis 121 White-browed (Yellow-browed) Woodpecker Piculus aurulentus 122 Campo Flicker Colaptes c. campestris 123 Blond-crested Woodpecker Celeus flavescens 124 Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus OVENBIRDS & FURNARIIDAE 125 Rufous-breasted Leaftosser Sclerurus scansor 126 Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus sylviellus 127 Plain-winged (Thrush-like) Woodcreeper Dendrocincla turdina 128 White-throated Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes albicollis www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.27 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

129 Lesser Woodcreeper fuscus 130 H Black-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus falcularius 131 Narrow-billed Woodcreeper angustirostris 132 Scaled Woodcreeper (E) Lepidocolaptes squamatus 133 Plain Xenops minutus 134 Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans 135 Wing-banded (Tail-banded) (E) Furnarius figulus 136 Furnarius rufus 137 H Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper Lochmias nematura 138 White-collared Foliage-gleaner (E) Anabazenops fuscus 139 Black-capped Foliage-gleaner Philydor atricapillus 140 Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner Philydor rufum 141 Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia lichtensteini 142 Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla rufosuperciliata 143 White-eyed Foliage-gleaner leucophthalmus 144 Rufous-fronted (Common) Thornbird Phacellodomus rufifrons 145 Orange-eyed Thornbird (E) Phacellodomus erythrophthalmus 146 Firewood-gatherer Anumbius annumbi 147 Itatiaia Spinetail (Thistletail) (E) Asthenes moreirae 148 Pallid Spinetail (E) Cranioleuca pallida 149 Yellow-chinned Spinetail Certhiaxis cinnamomeus 150 Rufous-capped Spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla 151 Gray-bellied Spinetail Synallaxis cinerascens 152 Spix's (Chicli) Spinetail Synallaxis spixi TYPICAL ANTBIRDS THAMNOPHILIDAE 153 H Spot-backed Antshrike Hypoedaleus guttatus 154 Giant Antshrike Batara cinerea 155 Large-tailed Antshrike Mackenziaena leachii 156 Rufous-capped Antshrike Thamnophilus ruficapillus 157 Chestnut-backed Antshrike Thamnophilus palliatus 158 Sooretama Slaty-Antshrike (E) Thamnophilus ambiguus 159 Variable Antshrike Thamnophilus caerulescens 160 Star-throated Antwren (E) Rhopias gularis 161 Spot-breasted Antvireo (E) stictothorax 162 Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis 163 H Rufous-backed Antvireo (E) Dysithamnus xanthopterus 164 White-flanked Antwren axillaris luctuosa 165 L Salvadori's Antwren (E) Myrmotherula minor 166 Unicolored Antwren (E) Myrmotherula unicolor 167 Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus 168 Restinga Antwren (E) Formicivora littoralis 169 Ferruginous Antbird (E) ferruginea www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.28 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

170 Bertoni's Antbird Drymophila rubricollis 171 Rufous-tailed Antbird (E) Drymophila genei 172 Ochre-rumped Antbird (E) Drymophila ochropyga 173 Dusky-tailed Antbird Drymophila malura 174 (E) Drymophila squamata 175 Streak-capped Antwren Terenura maculata 176 White-shouldered Fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera ANTTHRUSHES 177 H Rufous-capped Antthrush Formicarius colma 178 H Such's (Cryptic) Antthrush (E) Chamaeza meruloides 179 H Rufous-tailed (Brazilian) Antthrush Chamaeza ruficauda GRALLARIIDAE 180 H Variegated Grallaria varia GNATEATERS CONOPOPHAGIDAE 181 lineata 182 Black-cheeked Gnateater (E) Conopophaga melanops RHINOCRYPTIDAE 183 H White-breasted Eleoscytalopus indigoticus 184 Mouse-colored Tapaculo Scytalopus speluncae TYRANT FLYCATCHERS TYRANNIDAE 185 Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum 186 Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola 187 Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster 188 L Highland Elaenia Elaenia obscura 189 Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus 190 Gray-hooded Flycatcher Mionectes rufiventris 191 -capped Flycatcher Leptopogon amaurocephalus 192 Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet Phylloscartes ventralis 193 Serra do Mar Tyrannulet (E) Phylloscartes difficilis 194 Rough-legged Tyrannulet Phyllomyias burmeisteri 195 Planalto Tyrannulet Phyllomyias fasciatus 196 Southern Antpipit Corythopis delalandi 197 Eared Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis auricularis 198 Drab-breasted Pygmy-Tyrant Hemitriccus diops 199 Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant (E) Hemitriccus orbitatus 200 Hangnest Tody-Tyrant (E) Hemitriccus nidipendulus 201 Ochre-faced Tody-Flycatcher Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps 202 Gray-headed (Yellow-lored) Tody-Flycatcher (E) Todirostrum poliocephalum 203 Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum 204 Yellow-olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias s. sulphurescens 205 H White-throated Spadebill Platyrinchus mystaceus 206 Cliff Flycatcher Hirundinea ferruginea www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.29 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

207 Whiskered (Yellow-rumped) Flycatcher Myiobius barbatus mastacalis 208 Bran-colored Flycatcher Myiophobus fasciatus 209 Euler's Flycatcher Lathrotriccus euleri 210 Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus 211 Blue-billed Black-Tyrant Knipolegus cyanirostris 212 Crested Black-Tyrant Knipolegus lophotes 213 Velvety Black-Tyrant (E) Knipolegus nigerrimus 214 Yellow-browed Tyrant Satrapa icterophrys 215 White-rumped Monjita Xolmis velatus 216 Streamer-tailed Tyrant Gubernetes yetapa 217 Shear-tailed Gray Tyrant Muscipipra vetula 218 Masked Water-Tyrant Fluvicola nengeta 219 White-headed Marsh Tyrant Arundinicola leucocephala 220 Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus 221 Cattle Tyrant Machetornis rixosa 222 Gray-hooded Attila (E) Attila rufus 223 Grayish Mourner Rhytipterna simplex 224 Short-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus ferox 225 Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus 226 Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua 227 Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis 228 Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus 229 Variegated Flycatcher Empidonomus varius 230 Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus 231 Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana COTINGAS COTINGIDAE 232 Black-and-gold Cotinga (E) Tijuca atra 233 Gray-winged Cotinga (E) Tijuca condita 234 Bare-throated Bellbird Procnias nudicollis PIPRIDAE 235 Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin (E) Neopelma chrysolophum 236 Swallow-tailed (Blue) Manakin caudata 237 Pin-tailed Manakin (E) Ilicura militaris 238 White-bearded Manakin Manacus manacus TITYRAS AND ALLIES 239 Greenish Schiffornis Schiffornis virescens 240 Green-backed Becard Pachyramphus viridis viridis 241 Chestnut-crowned Becard Pachyramphus castaneus 242 H White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus 243 H Crested Becard Pachyramphus validus VIREONIDAE 244 Red-eyed Vireo olivaceus www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.30 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

245 Rufous-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus poicilotis 246 Lemon-chested Greenlet Hylophilus t. thoracicus 247 Rufous-browed Peppershrike Cyclarhis gujanensis SWALLOWS HIRUNDINIDAE 248 Blue-and-white Swallow Pygochelidon cyanoleuca 249 White-thighed Swallow Atticora tibialis 250 Southern Rough-winged Swallow ruficollis 251 Gray-breasted Martin chalybea 252 Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera 253 White-rumped Swallow leucorrhoa WRENS TROGLODYTIDAE 254 House Wren Troglodytes aedon 255 Long-billed Wren (E) Cantorchilus longirostris THRUSHES AND ALLIES TURDIDAE 256 Yellow-legged Thrush Turdus flavipes 257 Pale-breasted Thrush Turdus leucomelas 258 Rufous-bellied Thrush Turdus rufiventris 259 Creamy-bellied Thrush Turdus amaurochalinus 260 White-necked Thrush Turdus albicollis MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERS MIMIDAE 261 Chalk-browed Mockingbird Mimus saturninus 262 Tropical Mockingbird Mimus gilvus WAGTAILS AND 263 Yellowish Pipit Anthus lutescens NEW WORLD WARBLERS PARULIDAE 264 Tropical Parula Setophaga pitiayumi 265 Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus 266 White-browed (White-rimmed) Warbler Myiothlypis leucoblephara TANAGERS AND ALLIES THRAUPIDAE 267 Cinnamon Tanager (E) ruficapillus 268 Magpie Tanager Cissopis leverianus 269 Hooded Tanager pileata 270 Olive-green Tanager (E) Orthogonys chloricterus 271 Chestnut-headed Tanager Pyrrhocoma ruficeps 272 Black-goggled Tanager Trichothraupis melanops 273 Flame-crested Tanager Tachyphonus cristatus 274 Ruby-crowned Tanager Tachyphonus coronatus 275 Brazilian Tanager (E) Ramphocelus bresilius 276 Diademed Tanager Stephanophorus diadematus 277 Fawn-breasted Tanager Pipraeidea melanonota 278 Sayaca Tanager sayaca 279 Azure-shouldered Tanager (E) Thraupis cyanoptera www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.31 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

280 Golden-chevroned Tanager (E) Thraupis ornata 281 Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum 282 Burnished-buff Tanager Tangara cayana 283 Green-headed Tanager Tangara seledon 284 Red-necked Tanager Tangara cyanocephala 285 Brassy-breasted Tanager (E) Tangara desmaresti 286 Gilt-edged Tanager (E) Tangara cyanoventris 287 Swallow-Tanager Tersina viridis 288 Dacnis cayana 289 Green Chlorophanes spiza 290 Rufous-headed Tanager (E) Hemithraupis ruficapilla 291 Yellow-backed Tanager Hemithraupis flavicollis 292 Chestnut-vented Conebill speciosum 293 Bicolored Conebill Conirostrum bicolor 294 Bay-chested Warbling-Finch (E) Poospiza thoracica 295 Finch flaveola 296 Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch Emberizoides herbicola 297 Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina 298 L White-bellied Seedeater Sporophila leucoptera 299 (Gray) Pileated Finch Coryphospingus pileatus 300 Bananaquit Coereba flaveola 301 Sooty Grassquit Tiaris fuliginosus 302 Green-winged Saltator Saltator similis 303 Thick-billed Saltator Saltator maxillosus 304 Black-throated Grosbeak Saltator fuliginosus BUNTINGS & SPARROWS EMBERIZIDAE 305 Half-collared Sparrow Arremon semitorquatus 306 Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis CARDINALS AND ALLIES CARDINALIDAE 307 Red-crowned Ant-Tanager Habia rubica 308 Ultramarine Grosbeak Cyanocompsa brissonii 309 Yellow-green Grosbeak Caryothraustes canadensis TROUPIALS AND ALLIES ICTERIDAE 310 Chopi Blackbird Gnorimopsar chopi 311 Chestnut-capped Blackbird Chrysomus ruficapillus 312 Campo Troupial Icterus jamacaii 313 Molothrus bonariensis 314 Giant Cowbird Molothrus oryzivorus 315 Red-rumped Cacique Cacicus haemorrhous 316 Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus SISKINS, CROSSBILLS, AND ALLIES FRINGILLIDAE 317 Purple-throated Euphonia Euphonia chlorotica www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.32 Tropical Birding - Trip Report BRAZIL: The Atlantic Forest Introtour, Jan 2017

318 Violaceous Euphonia Euphonia violacea 319 Orange-bellied Euphonia Euphonia xanthogaster 320 Blue-naped Chlorophonia Chlorophonia cyanea 321 Hooded Siskin magellanicus OLD WORLD SPARROWS PASSERIDAE 322 House Sparrow (I) Passer domesticus

MAMMALS 1 Maned Three-toed Sloth Bradypus torquatus 2 Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset Callithrix aurita 3 Common Marmoset Callithrix jacchus 4 Capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris

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