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Námestie SNP a Kamenné Námestie, Bratislava Súťažný Dialóg 2019

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Námestie SNP a Kamenné Námestie, Bratislava Súťažný Dialóg 2019 Námestie SNP SNP Square and a Kamenné námestie, Kamenné Square, Bratislava Bratislava Súťažný dialóg Competitive Dialogue 2019 /2020 2019 /2020 Urbanistický Urban and a historický vývoj historical evolution Námestie SNP a Kamenné námestie, Bratislava Súťažný dialóg 2019/2020 _ Urbanistický a historický vývoj SNP Square and Kamenné Square, Bratislava Competitive Dialogue 2019/2020 _ Urban and historical evolution Výskum urbanistických vzťahov Research of urbanistic relations a výkonnosti územia / Kamenné and performance of the area / Kamenné námestie a širšie okolie, square and wider surroundings, Bratislava Bratislava Spracovateľ štúdie Author of the study Marko and Placemakers Ltd. Marko and Placemakers Ltd. Nasledovná štúdia bola pôvodne objednaná The following study was originally ordered by the architektonickým ateliérom A1 Respect, ktorý architectural studio A1 Respect which provided poskytol licenciu Aliancii Stará Tržnica – občianske the licence for the Alliance Old Market Hall – civic združenie na vydanie štúdie v rámci projektu Shared association to issue a study within the Shared Cities: Cities: Creative Momentum. Creative Momentum project. Licencia Licence www.zivenamestie.sk www.zivenamestie.sk Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) Autorkou textov je Henrieta Moravčíková. The author of texts is Henrieta Moravčíková. Príbehy pamätníkov poskytol István Vereš. Witness stories were provided by István Vereš. 3 Námestie SNP a Kamenné námestie, Bratislava Súťažný dialóg 2019/2020 _ Urbanistický a historický vývoj SNP Square and Kamenné Square, Bratislava Competitive Dialogue 2019/2020 _ Urban and historical evolution Historický vývoj územia Historical development of the area Zlomové body v živote námestia priestore so spoločensko-komerčnou funkciou. Turning points in the life of the square a socio-commercial function were laid during this Územie, ktoré dnes tvorí Námestie SNP a Kamenné Kamenné námestie a Námestie SNP (predtým Trhové The area which nowadays consists of the SNP Square period The Kamenné Square and the SNP Square námestie, kopíruje stopu severovýchodnej časti his- námestie a Námestie republiky) patria k najvýznam- and the Kamenné Square copies the line of the north- (previously known as the Market Square and Repub- torického mestského opevnenia, hradieb a vonkajších nejším priestorom mesta, ktoré vznikli za mestskými east part of historical city fortification, walls and lic Square) belong to the most significant spaces of palisád. Búranie bratislavských hradieb prebiehalo hradbami. Obe viac menej spojené námestia a ich outdoor palisades. The demolition of Bratislava walls the city which were created behind city walls. Both, postupne od 18. až do začiatku 20. storočia a nespre- bezprostredné okolie sú koncentrovaným príkladom happened gradually from the 18th to the beginning more or less, connected squares and their immediate vádzala ho ucelená urbanistická vízia, ako to bolo intenzívnej výstavby centra hlavného mesta a osvo- of the 20th century and was not accompanied by surroundings represent a concentrated example of napríklad v neďalekej Viedni. Jednotlivé mestské jenia si modernej architektúry. Pretváranie tohto a complex urbanistic vision as for example the nearby intense construction in the centre of the capital and priestory, ktoré vznikli na mieste pôvodného mestské- mestského priestoru bolo trvalou prioritou reprezen- Vienna. Respective urban spaces which were created the adoption of modern architecture. Reshaping this ho opevnenia tak tvoria len určitý náznak ringu, repre- tantov mesta i krajiny. Vidno to na prvých regulačných at the site of the original city fortification thus create urban space was a permanent priority of city and zentačnej mestskej ulice, aké vznikali v európskych návrhoch zo začiatku dvadsiatych rokov minulého only a certain sign of a ring, representative urban country representatives. This can be seen from the mestách na mieste mestských hradieb. Napriek tomu storočia, na modernej výstavbe z tridsiatych rokov, na street that arose in European cities at the site of city first regulatory drafts from the beginning of the 20’s of sa v tomto období položili základy neskoršej pred- veľkorysej koncepcii obchodného domu Prior a hotela walls. Despite this fact, the foundations for the later the last century, the modern construction from the stavy o tejto časti mesta ako o významnom verejnom Kyjev zo šesťdesiatych rokov 20. storočia, na súťaži vision of this city part as a significant public area with 30’s, the generous concept of the Prior department Pohľad na námestie SNP vpravo smer Kamenné Pohľad na okraj Kamenného námestia Cez Námestie SNP na Kamenné námestie Miesto, kde dnes stojí Manderlák námestie (foto zo zbierky Juraja Horvátha) (foto zo zbierky Juraja Horvátha) (foto: ASB.sk) (foto zo zbierky Juraja Horvátha) View on the SNP square Kamenné square to the right View on the edge of the Kamenné square Through the SNP square to the Kamenné square The place where Maderlák is situated nowadays (photo from Juraj Horváth’s collection) (photo from Juraj Horváth’s collection) (photo: ASB.sk) (photo from Juraj Horváth’s collection) 4 Námestie SNP a Kamenné námestie, Bratislava Súťažný dialóg 2019/2020 _ Urbanistický a historický vývoj SNP Square and Kamenné Square, Bratislava Competitive Dialogue 2019/2020 _ Urban and historical evolution na prestavbu centra mesta z roku 1978 aj na súťaži na Moderná regulácia (1920 – 1940) store and Kyjev hotel from the 60’s of the 20th century, Ferencz Nechyba and Jenő Dobisz. The Market Hall urbanistické riešenie tohto priestoru z roku 1998. Rozhodujúcim medzníkom v histórii tohto mest- the competition for the reconstruction of the city cen- was opened in 1910. ského priestoru predstavovalo obdobie prvej tre in 1978 as well as the competition for the urbanis- Pred Tržnicou (1800 – 1910) Československej republiky. Architekti už v tom čase tic solution of this space in 1998. Modern regulation (1920 – 1940) Pôvodné Kamenné námestie sa nachádzalo na začiat- chápali historické jadro Bratislavy len ako „dočasné The decisive turning point in the history of this urban ku Špitálskej ulice, respektíve na jej juhovýchodnom centrum“. Predpokladali, že „centrum budúcej veľ- In front of the Market Hall (1800 – 1910) space represented the period of the first Czechoslovak okraji. Malo rozmery okolo 400 m2 a z troch strán ho kej Bratislavy“ sa posunie na severovýchod. Rátali The original Kamenné Square was situated at the Republic. The architects have already at that time vymedzovali domy remeselníkov kamenárov, ktorých pritom s tým, že túto časť mesta bude nutné „úplne beginning of the Špitálska street, or rather at its perceived Bratislava’s historical core only as a “tem- dielne dali miestu aj pomenovanie. K najvýznamnej- prebudovať“, pričom sa nebude dať vyhnúť ani „pre- south-east edge. Its dimensions were 400 m2 and porary centre”. They have assumed that the “centre ším patrila rodina Rumpelmayerovcov, z ktorej pochá- rážaniu nových uličných trás a čiastočným premenám from three sides it was delimited by craftsmen stone- of the future big Bratislava” would move to the north- dzal aj architekt Viktor Rumpelmayer. Na protiľahlej rozmerov niektorých blokov“. Za šťastie Bratislavy masons houses whose workshops also gave name to east. They have envisaged that this part of the city strane Špitálskej ulice sa nachádzali kláštorné kom- považovali skutočnosť, že táto časť mesta bola v tom the place. One of the most significant families was would need “a complete reconstruction” whereas it plexy a nemocnice. V trojuholníku medzi Špitálskou, čase zastavaná „ešte väčšinou nízkymi domčekmi, the Rumpelmayer family whose member also was the would not be possible to avoid “digging new street Dunajskou a Rajskou ulicou boli až do začiatku takže tieto zmeny bude možné previesť bez značnej- architect Viktor Rumpelmayer. A monastery complex routes with partial dimension changes of some bloc- 20. storočia záhrady a dvory s domami remeselníkov. ších finančných obetí“. Prvé návrhy regulácie územia and hospitals were situated on the opposite side of ks”. They have considered Bratislava lucky because Námestie SNP, respektíve jeho juhovýchodná časť bola pochádzajú z dvadsiatych rokov 20. storočia a zahŕ- the Špitálska street. Until the beginning of the 20th this part of the city was at that time built-up “with zase tradičným miestom trhov. Od toho sa v minulos- ňajú radikálne zvýšenie zástavby z 2 na 6 poschodí, century gardens and yards with craftsmen houses mostly low houses, so it will be possible to implement ti odvíjalo aj jeho pomenovanie Chlebový, Obilný či rozšírenie uličného profilu a prerazenie nových ulíc. were situated in the triangle between Špitálska, these changes without significant financial sacrifices”. Hydinový trh. Trhovníkom pôvodne slúžili provizórne K radikálnejšej zmene zástavby pod vplyvom novej Dunajská and Rajská street. SNP Square, or rather The first drafts of area regulations come from the drevené objekty. Tie začiatkom 20. storočia nahradila regulácie však došlo až na prelome dvadsiatych a tri- its south-east part was a traditional marketplace. 20’s of the 20th century and include radical increase novostavba mestskej tržnice. Oceľový montovaný dsiatych rokov. Vtedy vznikli aj návrhy na prvé veľké In the past its name was also derived from this fact, of buildings from 2 to 6 floors, the widening of the skelet tržnice s tehlovým obvodovým plášťom navrhli
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