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The Sea Wind Is Still Blowing

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The Sea Wind Is Still Blowing The Sea Wind is Still Blowing -Stories of a Chinese South African Community in Port Elizabeth Dan Wang Supervisor: Ruth Becker Student ID: 1883225 A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of the University of Witwatersrand’s Master of Arts by Coursework and Research Report in Journalism and Media Studies Johannesburg, June 2020 CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... IV DECLARATION ................................................................................................ V APPRECIATION ............................................................................................ VI THE THEORETICAL REVIEW ..................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 2 2. BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Who are Chinese South Africans? .............................................................................. 3 2.2 Apartheid and the Chinese: Racism and Privileges ............................................ 5 2.3 The Group Area Act and Kabega in Port Elizabeth ............................................. 6 2.4 The Identity Transitions of the Chinese .................................................................. 7 3. NARRATIVE AIM ..................................................................................................................... 8 4. RATIONALE ............................................................................................................................... 9 4.1 Rationale ............................................................................................................................. 9 4.2 On the Title: “The Sea Wind is Still Blowing” ...................................................... 11 4.3 Personal Motivation ...................................................................................................... 12 5. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................ 13 5.1 Literature on Chinese South Africans .................................................................... 14 5.2 The Two Narratives on Chinese South Africans ................................................ 16 5.3 Literature on Narrative Nonfiction ......................................................................... 18 6. NARRATIVE APPROACH .................................................................................................... 22 6.1 Writing Style .................................................................................................................... 22 6.2 Structure and Point of View ....................................................................................... 23 7. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 23 7.1 Desktop Research .......................................................................................................... 23 7.2 Public Museums, Associations, and Personal Archives ................................... 24 7.3 Fieldwork Research: Observation and Immersion ........................................... 24 7.4 Interactions and Email Exchanges .......................................................................... 25 8. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION ............................................................................................... 25 8.1 Privacy and Partiality ................................................................................................... 25 8.2 Subjectivity and Representation .............................................................................. 26 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................... 26 Primary Texts ......................................................................................................................... 26 II Secondary Texts ..................................................................................................................... 28 THE NARRATIVE LONG-FORM ............................................................... 30 SECTION I ...................................................................................................... 31 1. The House at 37 Evatt Street ............................................................................................ 31 2. Ah Yuen and Mr. Toms ........................................................................................................ 33 3. New Life Started .................................................................................................................... 35 4. When Dad was There .......................................................................................................... 37 5. The Woman Shopkeeper .................................................................................................... 39 6. School Times ........................................................................................................................... 42 7. Sailing on the Sea Which Father and Mother Came Across .................................. 45 8. Wong Chi Kwan and Bryant Toms ................................................................................. 47 9. The Way Back to Parents’ Villages ................................................................................. 48 10. To Find a Way Out .............................................................................................................. 50 11. The 29-Year-Old Apprentice .......................................................................................... 51 12. A Husband, A Father ......................................................................................................... 54 SECTION II .................................................................................................... 57 1. Meet Bryant in Cape Town ................................................................................................ 57 2. A Man Called Jerry Shu Shing Wan Man Ah Wah ...................................................... 63 3. A Hakka Family ...................................................................................................................... 70 4. Here, is Kabega Park ............................................................................................................ 78 5. The Chinese and St Francis Xavier Church ................................................................. 81 6. Aimee and Her 101-Year Old Mother ............................................................................ 84 7. Little Swallow ......................................................................................................................... 88 8. Attending a Church Funeral .............................................................................................. 92 9. Resting in Peace in the Soil of South Africa ................................................................ 95 10. The Sea Water Will Take Me Back ............................................................................... 99 11. The Sea Wind is Still Blowing ..................................................................................... 102 12. Epilogue .............................................................................................................................. 106 WRITER’S WORDS .................................................................................... 108 III ABSTRACT Chinese South Africans constitute an integral part of the South African society as one of the smallest and most identifiable minority groups. Throughout the past, they maintained a low profile so as not to draw troubles in the once arguably most racist country in the world, which, combined with the insignificant population, rendered them not only unknown to their homeland in China, but also invisible in the host country of South Africa and, gradually and unintentionally, neglected and even forgotten by the whole world. This thesis, therefore, points the pen to draw more attention to this minority but distinctive group. The work consists of two parts: a theoretical review and a narrative nonfiction long-form. The former part makes it clear who Chinese South Africans are and gives a brief outline of their history in South Africa. Meanwhile, the Apartheid policy especially the Group Area Act and the discriminations Chinese South Africans faced, along with the influences upon them, are particularly touched on while their identity transitions are also overviewed. It also concerns how Chinese South Africans are documented and portrayed in the limited existing works, including historical books, academic papers and nonfiction narratives. The narrative part focuses on a Chinese South African community in a suburb of Port Elizabeth called Kabega Park, which was the only Chinese Group Area established during Apartheid. This part itself also includes two sections. The first section tells from the third-person point of view a story of a Chinese South African family in the community, covering a time period from 1934 to 2000. The second section is written mainly in the first-person point of view, which mixes personal
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