GRANITE BROADCASTING CORPORATION (Exact Name of Registrant As Specified in Its Charter)
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Retrans Blackouts 2010-2018
Retransmission Consent Blackouts 2010-2018 OWNER OF DATES OF BLACKOUT STATION(S) BLACKED MVPD DMA NAME(S) NETWORKS DOWN State OUT 6/12/16-9/5/16 Tribune Broadcasting DISH National WGN - 2/3/17 Denali Media DIRECTV AncHorage, AK CBS AK 9/21/17 Denali Media DIRECTV AncHorage, AK CBS AK 9/21/17 Denali Media DIRECTV Juneau-Stika, AK CBS, NBC AK General CoMMunication 12/5/17 Vision Alaska Inc. Juneau, AK ABC AK 3/4/16-3/10/16 Univision U-Verse Fort SMitH, AK KXUN AK 3/4/16-3/10/16 Univision U-Verse Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AK KLRA AK 1/2/2015-1/16/2015 Vision Alaska II DISH Fairbanks, AK ABC AK 1/2/2015-1/16/2015 Coastal Television DISH AncHorage, AK FOX AK AncHorage, AK; Fairbanks, AK; 1/5/2013-1/7/2013 Vision Alaska DIRECTV Juneau, AK ABC AK 1/5/2013-1/7/2013 Vision Alaska DIRECTV Fairbanks, AK ABC AK 1/5/2013-1/7/2013 Vision Alaska DIRECTV Juneau, AK ABC AK 3/13/2013- 4/2/2013 Vision Alaska DIRECTV AncHorage, AK ABC AK 3/13/2013- 4/2/2013 Vision Alaska DIRECTV Fairbanks, AK ABC AK 3/13/2013- 4/2/2013 Vision Alaska DIRECTV Juneau, AK ABC AK 1/23/2018-2/2/2018 Lockwood Broadcasting DISH Huntsville-Decatur, AL CW AL SagaMoreHill 5/22/18 Broadcasting DISH MontgoMery AL ABC AL 1/1/17-1/7/17 Hearst AT&T BirMingHaM, AL NBC AL BirMingHaM (Anniston and 3/3/17-4/26/17 Hearst DISH Tuscaloosa) NBC AL 3/16/17-3/27/17 RaycoM U-Verse BirMingHaM, AL FOX AL 3/16/17-3/27/17 RaycoM U-Verse Huntsville-Decatur, AL NBC AL 3/16/17-3/27/17 RaycoM U-Verse MontgoMery-SelMa, AL NBC AL Retransmission Consent Blackouts 2010-2018 6/12/16-9/5/16 Tribune Broadcasting DISH -
Networks Join Forces for Star-Studded Hurricane Harvey
Networks Join Forces for Star-Studded Hurricane Harvey Telethon http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/networks-join-forces-hurricane-harvey-telethon-featuring- george-clooney-beyonce-others-1035149 TV Stations' Hurricane Relief Efforts in Full Force http://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/local-tv/tv-stations-hurricane-relief-efforts-full-force/168296 Tegna Launches Group-Wide Texas Relief Effort http://www.tvnewscheck.com/marketshare/2017/08/29/tegna-launches-relief-effort-to-help-texas/ Disney Donates $1 Million to Storm Recovery Efforts, KTRK (Houston) and Other Disney Outlets Plan On- Air Fundraising Effort http://variety.com/2017/biz/news/hurricane-harvey-disney-donates-1-milion-to-storm-recovery- efforts-1202541474/ Sinclair Cares Teams Up With The Salvation Army On Sinclair "Standing Strong For Texas" Relief Effort; Sinclair To Match First $100,000 Donated http://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/Sinclair-Cares-Teams-Up-With-The-Salvation-Army- On-Sinclair-Standing-Strong-For-Texas-Relief-Effort-Sinclair-To-Match-First-100-000-Donated- 1002292601 Nexstar Media Group Raises over $2.5 Million for Hurricane Harvey Relief, Expands Company-Wide Local Community Fundraising Initiative http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170906005248/en/Nexstar-Media-Group-Raises-2.5- Million-Hurricane Meredith TV stations Harvey fundraising efforts http://www.nab.org/documents/newsRoom/pdfs/090517_Meredith_stations_Harvey.pdf CBS’s KTVT-TV (Dallas) and Cowboys planning telethon to help Houston https://sportsday.dallasnews.com/dallas-cowboys/cowboys/2017/08/28/cowboys-channel-11-planning- telethon-help-houston Raycom Media’s WXIX-TV (Cincinnati) partners with American Red Cross for hurricane relief telethon http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/08/28/fox-19-now-partners-american-red-cross- hurricane-relief-telethon/610352001/ E.W. -
Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed
Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed A multimedia report on television newsrooms’ use of material provided by PR firms on behalf of paying clients Diane Farsetta and Daniel Price, Center for Media and Democracy April 6, 2006 Center for Media and Democracy 520 University Ave., Suite 227 Madison, WI 53703 Phone: 608-260-9713 Fax: 608-260-9714 Website: www.prwatch.org Contents News Release - 2 Executive Summary - 4 Introduction - 9 Findings: Video News Releases - 14 Findings: TV Stations - 19 Findings: Corporations - 22 Recommendations - 26 Take Action - 32 Frequently Asked Questions - 33 Appendix A: About This Report - 39 Appendix B: VNRs in Detail - 40 1 News Release Press Advisory: New Report: Fake TV News Widespread and Undisclosed Investigation catches 77 local TV stations presenting corporate PR as real news Groups file complaints urging FCC to take action against deceptive broadcasters WASHINGTON The Center for Media Democracy and Free Press today exposed an epidemic of fake news infiltrating local television broadcasts across country. At a press conference in Washington with FCC Commissioner Jonathan S. Adelstein, the groups called for a crackdown on stations that present corporate-sponsored videos as genuine news to an unsuspecting audience. CMD, which unveiled the results of a 10-month investigation, found scores of local stations slipping commercial “video news releases,” or VNRs, into their regular news programming. The new multimedia report released today includes footage of 36 separate VNRs and their broadcast as “news” by TV stations and networks nationwide, including those in the nation’s biggest markets. The full report -- “Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed” -- is now available complete with VNR and TV station video footage at www.prwatch.org/fakenews/execsummary. -
G:\Wpdocs\Final Orders\1 11Cv249 Nexstar V. Granite Opinion And
case 1:11-cv-00249-RLM-RBC document 65 filed 07/09/12 page 1 of 20 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA FORT WAYNE DIVISION NEXSTAR BROADCASTING, INC., ) ) Plaintiff ) ) vs. ) CAUSE NO. 1:11-CV-249 RM ) GRANITE BROADCASTING ) CORPORATION, WISE-TV LICENSE, ) LLC, AND WISE-TV, INC., ) ) Defendants) OPINION and ORDER This antitrust suit focuses on the market in the Fort Wayne, Indiana, area for television local spot advertising supported by network programming. Until its affiliation expired at the end of last July, Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. operated the FOX affiliate in Fort Wayne. Granite Broadcasting Corporation became the FOX affiliate, giving Granite and Malara Broadcasting (with which Granite is allegedly associated) five of the six network affiliations in the Fort Wayne area. Nexstar contends that by its anticompetitive conduct, Granite has foreclosed it from the market. Granite has moved to dismiss Nexstar’s complaint for failure to state a claim. The court heard argument on June 14, and now denies Granite’s motion. The issue on a motion to dismiss under Federal Rule of Procedure 12(b)(6) isn’t “whether a plaintiff will ultimately prevail, but whether the claimant is entitled to offer evidence to support the claims.” Caremark, Inc. v. Coram Healthcare Corp., 113 F.3d 645, 649 (7th Cir. 1997). The complaint must contain case 1:11-cv-00249-RLM-RBC document 65 filed 07/09/12 page 2 of 20 a “short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” FED. R. CIV. P. 8(a)(2). -
Station Transactions: 1991 Through September 1998
---Station Transactions: 1991 through September 1998 Page 35 BEAR STEARNS Station Transactions -1991 through September 1998 - In this section, we provide quarterly summaries of significant television transactions that have occurred from 1991 through September 1998. The data summarized include: • the date a transaction was announced (rather than closed) • the property or properties acquired/swapped • the affiliation of the acquired/swapped property • the Designated Market Area (DMA) in which the acquired/swapped television station operates • the purchaser • the seller; and • the purchase price, on the date of announcement. Since the majority of these transactions were private, cash flow and transaction multiple estimates were not available for most of the properties and therefore were not included. These data can be used to determine 1) which broadcasters have been active buyers and sellers; 2) the relative prices paid for different properties in the same market; and 3) relative acquisition activity by quarter. Sources for data in this section: Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.; Broadcasting & Cable Magazine; Broadcast & Cable Fax; The Wall Street]oumal; The New York Times. BEAR STEARNS Page 36 Q." J T_T_......-~l.. &lifriillOCiklli DOIlii1Iilid IG\CO "'-1Y IIoIbIIntIAno IIl_alllIoI\ 5ep(eri>e<21,1998-- WPGJ(·TV -Fox p"""",ClIy, FL --Woin Broodcas1ing -WIcks_IG~ $7.1_ ~B,I998 WOKR·TV ABC _.NY _,CoorluicaIiono Si1dIir_I~ $125_ 5ep(eri>e< B, 1998 WGME·TV CBS P_,ME SW1cIair_IG""4' Guy GaMoII CoImu1IcoIlono $310_ WlCS-TV NBC ~& Splilgfield-Deca".IL Si1dIirB_IG~ GuyGaMoll~ $310_ Guy _ Cormuicationo WlCD·TV lSimJl;ul) NBC ~ & SpmgfieId-Decalur,IL SW1cIairB_IG~ $310_ Guy _ CoImu1Icollons KGAN·TV CBS CdrRapidS, IA SW1cIairB_IG~ $310_ __IG~ Guy _ CoImu1IcolIons WGGB·TV ABC 5pinglieId,MA $310_ Guy _ CoImu1Icollons WTWC·TV NBC TIIiIaha_.Fl SW1cIairBroadcaItG~ $310_ Guy _ CoImu1Icollons WOKR·TV ABC _,NY SW1cIair_IG~ $310_ $9 _ _ , ComnuicaIion. -
Free Press 09-182 December 2012 Ownership Data Comments FINAL
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION WASHINGTON, DC 20554 In the Matter of ) ) 2010 Quadrennial Review – Review of the ) MB Docket No. 09-182 Commission’s Broadcast Ownership Rules and ) Other Rules Adopted Pursuant to Section 202 ) of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 ) ) Promoting Diversification of Ownership ) MB Docket No. 07-294 In the Broadcasting Services ) COMMENTS OF FREE PRESS Derek Turner Research Director Lauren M. Wilson Policy Counsel Matthew F. Wood Policy Director Free Press 1025 Connecticut Avenue, Suite 1110 Washington, DC 20036 202-265-1490 December 21, 2012 SUMMARY AND INTRODUCTION Free Press respectfully submits these comments in response to the Federal Communications Commission’s recently released report on the ownership of commercial broadcast stations (Form 323 Summary Report). As that report shows, and as the Commission acknowledged when it sought further comment, women and people of color hold broadcast licenses “in disproportionately small numbers.” 1 The record in this proceeding and in prior ownership reviews demonstrates conclusively that increased media consolidation and concentration work to keep those numbers low – harming rather than helping diversity of ownership, diversity of viewpoint, and the other public interest goals that the Commission’s policies purport to serve. We appreciate the opportunity to comment on the report, though the truncated comment cycle coming after the Chairman’s office circulated a draft Order leads us to believe this is an exercise in optics, not a serious attempt to give consideration to this critical issue. 2 The Commission, which afforded the public an additional comment period only after interested parties stressed the need for further analysis, characterized itself as “going the extra mile for transparency” as it concluded the 2010 Quadrennial Review.3 However, the Commission has hardly gone the extra mile. -
NEXSTAR BROADCASTING GROUP, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant As Specified in Its Charter)
Nexstar Broadcasting Group Stations Market Rank Market Station Major Affiliation Status (1) 8 Washington, DC/Hagerstown, MD (2) WHAG NBC O&O 33 Salt Lake City, UT KTVX/KUCW ABC O&O 43 Harrisburg-Lancaster-Lebanon-York, PA WLYH The CW O&O 49 Memphis, TN WPTY/WLMT ABC O&O 50 Jacksonville, FL WCWJ The CW O&O 54 Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA WBRE NBC O&O WYOU CBS LSA 55 Fresno-Visalia, CA KGPE (3) CBS O&O KSEE (3) NBC LSA 56 Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR KARK/KARZ NBC O&O KLRT/KASN (3) FOX LSA 69 Green Bay-Appleton, WI WFRV CBS O&O 74 Springfield, MO KOLR CBS LSA KOZL Independent O&O 78 Rochester, NY WROC CBS O&O WUHF FOX LSA 82 Shreveport, LA KTAL NBC O&O 83 Champaign-Springfield- Decatur, IL WCIA/WCIX CBS O&O 84 Syracuse, NY WSYR ABC O&O 97 Burlington-Plattsburgh, VT WFFF (3) FOX O&O WVNY (3) ABC LSA 101 Ft. Smith-Fayetteville- Springdale-Rogers, AR KFTA/KNWA FOX/NBC O&O 102 Johnstown-Altoona, PA WTAJ CBS O&O 104 Evansville, IN WEHT ABC O&O WTVW The CW LSA 109 Ft. Wayne, IN WFFT FOX O&O 116 Peoria-Bloomington, IL WMBD CBS O&O WYZZ FOX LSA 126 Bakersfield, CA KGET/KKEY-LP (3) NBC O&O 130 Amarillo, TX KAMR NBC O&O KCIT/KCPN-LP FOX LSA 134 Rockford, IL WQRF FOX O&O WTVO ABC LSA 137 Monroe, LA- El Dorado, AR KARD FOX O&O KTVE NBC LSA 142 Wichita Falls, TX- Lawton, OK KFDX NBC O&O KJTL/KJBO-LP FOX LSA 143 Lubbock, TX KLBK CBS O&O KAMC ABC LSA 146 Erie, PA WJET ABC O&O WFXP FOX LSA 149 Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS KSNF NBC O&O KODE ABC LSA 151 Odessa-Midland, TX KMID ABC O&O 154 Terre Haute, IN WTWO NBC O&O WAWV ABC LSA 157 Binghamton, NY WBGH/WIVT NBC/ABC O&O 164 Abilene-Sweetwater, TX KTAB CBS O&O KRBC NBC LSA 168 Billings, MT KSVI ABC O&O KHMT FOX LSA 169 Dothan, AL WDHN ABC O&O 172 Utica, NY WFXV/WPNY-LP FOX O&O WUTR ABC LSA 174 Elmira, NY WETM NBC O&O 176 Jackson, TN WJKT FOX O&O 177 Watertown, NY WWTI ABC O&O 180 Marquette, MI WJMN CBS O&O 197 San Angelo, TX KSAN NBC LSA KLST CBS O&O 200 St. -
SALES DIRECTOR Wendy Gustofson NEWS DIRECTOR KQDS-TV
SALES DIRECTOR PROGRAMMING MANAGER Wendy Gustofson Jeff Hanks NEWS DIRECTOR NEWS DIRECTOR Rob Heverling Dennis Weimann KQDS-TV, Analog Channel 21, FOX KAWE, Analog Channel 9, PBS Licensee: KQDS Acquisition Corp. Licensee: Northern Minnesota Public TV, Inc. Group Owner: Red River Broadcast Co., LLC Box 9, BSU, 1500 Birchmont Dr. N.E., Bemidji, MN 56601- 2001 London Road, Duluth, MN 55812. TEL: (218) 728-1622. 2699. TEL: (218) 751-3407. FAX: (218) 751-3142. FAX: (218) 728-1557. email: [email protected] PRESIDENT www.lakelandptv.org Ro Grignon PRESIDENT (BOARD OF TRUSTEES) GENERAL MANAGER, GENERAL SALES MANAGER, & Rollin R. Buck PROMOTIONS DIRECTOR GENERAL MANAGER Dave Hileman Bill Sanford VP, OPERATIONS DIRECTOR & PROGRAMMING STATION MANAGER - KAWB DIRECTOR Dan Hegstad Kathy Lau OPERATIONS MANAGER NEWS DIRECTOR Jess Skala Jake Sturgis PROGRAMMING MANAGER KRII, Analog Channel 11, NBC Jeff Hanks NEWS DIRECTOR Licensee: Channel 11 License, Inc. Dennis Weimann Group Owner: Granite Broadcasting Corp. c/o KBJR-TV 246 S. Lake Ave., Duluth, MN 55802. KCCW-TV, Analog Channel 12 Digital Channel 20, CBS TEL: (218) 720-9600. FAX: (218) 720-9699. Licensee: CBS Broadcasting, Inc. email: [email protected] www.news6.tv Group Owner: Viacom Television Stations Group. GENERAL MANAGER 90 S. 11th St., Minneapolis, MN 55403. TEL: (612) 339-4444. Robert Wilmers FAX: (612) 330-2682. STATION MANAGER GENERAL MANAGER & STATION MANAGER David Jensch Edward Piette GENERL SALES MANAGER KMSP-TV, Analog Channel 9, FOX Carl Keller Licensee & Group Owner: Fox Television Stations, Inc. PROGRAMMING MANAGER 11358 Viking Dr., Eden Prairie, MN 55344-7258. Barbara Wentworth TEL: (952) 944-9999. FAX: (952) 944-0286. -
The Rise of Private Equity Media Ownership in the United States: a Public Interest Perspective▫
International Journal of Communication 3 (2009), 208-239 1932-8036/20090208 The Rise of Private Equity Media Ownership in the United States: ▫ A Public Interest Perspective MATTHEW CRAIN University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign This article examines the logic, scope, and implications of the influx of private equity takeovers in the United States media sector in the last decade. The strategies and aims of private equity firms are explained in the context of the financial landscape that has allowed them to flourish; their aggressive expansion into media ownership is outlined in detail. Particular attention is paid to the public interest concerns raised by private equity media ownership relating to the frenzied nature of the buyout market, profit maximization strategies, and the heavy debt burdens imposed on acquired firms. The article concludes with discussion of the challenges posed by private equity to effective media regulation and comparison of private equity and corporate media ownership models. The media sector in the United States is deeply and historically rooted in the capitalist system of private ownership. The structures and demands of private ownership foundationally influence the management and operation of media firms, which must necessarily serve the ultimate end of profitability within such a system. The staggering levels of concentration and corporatization in media ownership in the United States are well documented and the resulting threats to media institutions’ conventional public interest obligations have been outlined in detail (Arsenault & Castells, 2008; Bagdikian, 1983, 2004; McChesney, 1999, 2004). Hypercommercialism, decreasing localism, lack of diversity, and disempowered and ineffectual journalism are among the most severe social symptoms of the corporate media system. -
The FCC's Broadcast Media Ownership And
. The FCC’s Broadcast Media Ownership and Attribution Rules: The Current Debate Charles B. Goldfarb Specialist in Telecommunications Policy March 29, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42436 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress c11173008 . The FCC’s Broadcast Media Ownership and Attribution Rules: The Current Debate Summary The Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC’s) broadcast media ownership rules, which place restrictions on the number of media outlets that a single entity can own or control in a local market or nationally, are intended to foster the three long-standing goals of U.S. media policy— competition, localism, and diversity of voices. The FCC is statutorily required to review these rules every four years to determine whether they continue to serve the public interest or should be modified or eliminated. One part of these rules, the FCC’s attribution rules, identify criteria for determining when an entity holds sufficient ownership or control of a broadcast station that such ownership or control should be attributed to the entity for the purposes of applying the media ownership rules. The FCC proposes eliminating its Radio/Television Cross-Ownership rule because it is no longer needed to foster the goals of diversity of voices and localism. It also proposes modifying its Newspaper/Broadcast Cross-Ownership rule to allow certain types of combinations in the 20 largest markets. It proposes a technical change in its Local Television Ownership Rule, but otherwise would continue to prohibit ownership of two stations in a local market unless one is not among the four highest-ranked stations in the market and, after the combination, there would still be eight independently owned and operating commercial full-power television stations. -
Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554
Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 September 15, 2015 DA 15-1026 Released: September 15, 2015 Quincy Newspapers, Inc. c/o Mark J. Prak Brooks, Pierce P. O. Box 1800 Raleigh, NC 27602 Granite Broadcasting Corporation c/o Derek Teslik 1299 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20004 Malara Broadcast Group of Duluth Licensee LLC Malara Broadcast Group of Fort Wayne Licensee LLC c/o Stuart A. Shorenstein Cozen O’Connor 277 Park Avenue New York, NY 10172 SagamoreHill of Indiana Licenses, LLC SagamoreHill of Duluth Licenses, LLC c/o Wayne D. Johnsen Wiley Rein LLP 1776 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Re: Applications for Consent to Assignment of Licenses WPTA, Fort Wayne, IN, Fac. ID No. 73905 KDLH, Duluth, MN, Fac. ID No. 4691 KBJR-TV, Superior, WI, Fac. ID No. 33658 KRII, Chisholm, MN, Fac. ID No. 82698 WEEK-TV, Peoria, IL, Fac. ID No. 24801 WBNG-TV, Binghamton, NY, Fac. ID No. 23337 WISE-TV, Fort Wayne, IN, Fac. ID No. 13960 File Nos. BALCDT-20140221ABL, ABM, ABN, ABO, ABQ, ABR, ABS Dear Counsel: By this letter we grant the above-captioned uncontested applications for the assignment of seven television licenses from subsidiaries of Granite Broadcasting Corporation (“Granite”) and the Malara - 1 - Broadcast Group, Inc. (“Malara”) to Quincy Newspapers, Inc. (“Quincy”), SagamoreHill of Indiana Licenses, LLC, and SagamoreHill of Duluth Licenses, LLC, respectively (collectively “SagamoreHill”). In connection with the sale, we also grant continued authority to operate KRII, Chisholm, Minnesota, as a satellite of KBJR-TV, Superior, Wisconsin, pursuant to Note 5 of Section 73.3555 of the Commission’s rules.1 We also grant a nine-month temporary waiver of the local television ownership rule2 to allow Quincy sufficient time to eliminate joint sales agreements (“JSAs”) in three markets. -
Broadcast Market Research TV Households
Broadcast Market Research TVHouseholds Everyindustryneedsameasureofthesizeofitsmarketplaceandtheradioandtelevisionindustriesare noexceptions. TELEVISION - U.S. AmajorsourceofsuchmediamarketdataintheUnitedStatesisNielsenMediaResearch(NMR),and oneofthemeasurementsittakesannuallyisTVHouseholds(TVHH).Ahomewithoneoperable TV/monitorisaTVHH,andNielsenisabletoextrapolateits“NationalUniverseEstimates”fromCensus BureaupopulationdatacombinedwiththisexpressionofTVpenetration. WithUsfromDayOne Theadventofbroadcastadvertising,inJuly1941,wascoincidentalwiththedawnofcommercial television,andwithintenyearsmarketresearchinthenewmediumwasinfullswing. SincetheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC)allowedthosefirstTVads—forSunOil,Lever Bros.,Procter&GambleandtheBulovaWatchCompany—reliableaudiencemeasurementhasbeen necessaryformarketerstotargettheircampaigns.TheproliferationofdevicesforviewingTVcontent andthecontinualevolutionofconsumerbehaviorhavemadethetaskmoreimportant—andmore challenging—thanever. Nevertheless,whiletherealityof“TVEverywhere”hasundeniablycomplicatedtheworkofaudience measurement,theuseofonerudimentarygaugepersists—thenumberofhouseholdswithaset,TVHH. NielsenMediaResearch IntheUnitedStates,NielsenMediaResearch(NMR)istheauthoritativesourcefortelevisionaudience measurement(TAM).BestͲknownforitsratingssystem,whichhasdeterminedthefatesofmany televisionprograms,NMRalsotracksthenumberofhouseholdsinaDesignatedMarketArea(DMA) thatownaTV. PublishedannuallybeforethestartofthenewTVseasoninSeptember,theseUniverseEstimates, representingpotentialregionalaudiences,areusedbyadvertiserstoplaneffectivecampaigns.