MIT POLITICAL SCIENCE

50 th Anniversary Celebration SYMPOSIUM WELCOME

Welcome to our 50th anniversary symposium. It’s an exciting time as the Department of Political Science celebrates 50 years of rigor and relevance as Course 17 at MIT. Today, with the help of our distinguished panelists, we recognize the many contributions our faculty and alumni have made and continue to make to schol- arship, public policy, and public life. Each of the five panels takes a look back in history or forward into the future, and focuses on a distinguishing feature of the department. There will be a short period for questions after each panel, during which we hope to hear from you with your questions. While we will not be able to discuss all of the momentous events, programs, scholarship, and influence originating in the department, we hope you enjoy a glimpse of the excitement that we have been a part of and look forward to continuing.

It is a pleasure to be here with you today. Please be sure to join us for lunch in the department, and enjoy the symposium!

Cordially,

Andrea Campbell department head Arthur and Ruth Sloan Professor of Political Science SCHEDULE SCHEDULE

Friday, November 6th, 2015 11:15-11:30 am BREAK 9:00 am – 4:45 pm MIT’s Wong Auditorium | Tang Center | Building E51 11:30-12:30 pm PANEL 3: MIT’s Distinctive Approaches to the Discipline of Political Science

8:00-9:00 am REGISTRATION AND BREAKFAST  Richard Locke, PhD ’89, Political Economy Provost, Brown University 9:00-9:05 am GREETING  Steve Wilkinson, PhD ’98, Comparative Politics Andrea Campbell, Department Head Nilekani Professor of India & South Asian Studies; Chair, Department of Political Science, Yale University WELCOME  Samuel Popkin, PhD ’69, American Politics Melissa Nobles, Kenan Sahin Dean of the School of Humanities, Professor of Political Science, UC San Diego Arts, and Social Sciences, and Professor of Political Science  Benjamin Valentino, PhD ’00, Security Studies 9:05-9:20 am OPENING REMARKS Associate Professor of Government, Dartmouth College Steven Rathgeb Smith, PhD ’88, Executive Director,  Archon Fung, PhD ’99, Political Theory American Political Science Association Acting Dean and Ford Foundation Professor of Democracy and Citizenship, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University 9:20-10:15 am PANEL 1: The Contributions of MIT Political Moderator: Ben Schneider Science to National Policy Debates  Barry Posen, National Security Policy 12:30-2:00 pm LUNCH  Andrea Campbell, American Health Care and Social Policy  Charles Stewart, Voting Technology Policy 2:00-3:15 pm PANEL 4: Conducting Research at MIT:  Suzanne Berger, Industrial Policy (PIE) What is unique about being a Political Scientist here? Moderator: Richard Samuels  Stephen Van Evera – Security Studies  Chappell Lawson – Current Head of MISTI and International 10:15-11:15 am PANEL 2: The Contributions of MIT Political Policy Lab, Former Executive Director of Planning and Policy, Science to Understanding Global Conflict U.S. Customs and Border Control, DHS  Roger Petersen, Emotions and Conflict  Lily Tsai – Founder, MIT Gov/Lab  Vipin Narang, The Second Nuclear Age  Christopher Warshaw – “Big Data” and Public Policy  Richard Nielsen, Ideas and Conflict  Kenneth Oye – Science and Technology  Taylor Fravel, Chinese Military  Nazli Choucri – Cybersecurity Moderator: Barry Posen Moderator: Kathleen Thelen

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Suzanne Berger 3:15-3:30 pm BREAK Suzanne Berger is Raphael Dorman-Helen Starbuck Professor of Politi- 3:30-4:45 pm PANEL 5: Beyond MIT: cal Science. Her current research focuses on politics and globalization. Graduates Who Help Shape the World She recently co-chaired the MIT Production in the Innovation Econo-  Ivo Daalder, PhD ’90 my project, and in September 2013 published Making in America: From Former US Ambassador to NATO. Innovation to Market. She created the MIT International Science and Currently, President of the Chicago Council Technology Initiatives. She participated in the 1989 Made in America on Global Affairs project at MIT. She wrote Made By Hong Kong and Global Taiwan (with  Susan Shirk, PhD ’74 Richard K. Lester). She is the author of Notre Première Mondialisation and Former Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, How We Compete. Her earlier work focused on political development Bureau of East Asia and Pacific Affairs. (Peasants Against Politics) and the organization of interests (Dualism and Currently, Chair of the 21st Century China Program Discontinuity in Industrial Societies and Organizing Interests in Western and the Ho Miu Lam Professor of China and Pacific Relations at the School of International Relations Europe.) Suzanne Berger served as Head of the MIT Department of Po- and Pacific Studies (IR/PS) at UC San Diego litical Science, founding chair of the SSRC Committee on West Europe, and Vice President of the American Political Science Association. She  William Durch, PhD ’88 has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. The Distinguished Fellow, The Stimson Center Advisor to the UN and preparer of the Brahimi Report French government has awarded her the Palmes Academiques, Cheva- lier de l’Ordre National du Merite and the Légion d’Honneur.  Kathleen Hicks, PhD ’10 Former principal deputy under secretary of defense Andrea Campbell for policy; also served as deputy undersecretary of defense for strategy, plans, and forces. Andrea Louise Campbell is the Department Head and Arthur and Ruth Currently, Senior Vice President, Henry A. Kissinger Chair, Sloan Professor of Political Science. Professor Campbell’s interests and Director of the International Security Program at the include American politics, political behavior, public opinion, and Center for Strategic & International Studies political inequality, particularly their intersection with social welfare Moderator: Taylor Fravel policy, health policy, and tax policy. She is the author of Trapped in America’s Safety Net: One Family’s Struggle (University of Chicago Press, 2014), How Policies Make Citizens: Senior Citizen Activism and the Ameri- can Welfare State (Princeton, 2003) and, with Kimberly J. Morgan, The Delegated Welfare State: Medicare, Markets, and the Governance of Social Provision (Oxford, 2011). Her research has appeared in the American

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Political Science Review, Political Behavior, Comparative Political Studies, Ivo Daalder Politics & Society, Studies in American Political Development, and Health Af- Ivo H. Daalder has been president of The Chicago Council on Global Af- fairs, among others. She holds an A.B. degree from Harvard and a Ph.D. fairs since July 2013. Prior to joining the Council, Daalder served as the from UC Berkeley. Her research has been funded by the National Sci- Ambassador to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization for more than ence Foundation, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and Russell Sage four years. Daalder also served on the National Security Council staff as Foundation. She is a member of the National Academy of Social Insur- director for European Affairs from 1995-97. Before his appointment as ance and served on the National Academy of Sciences Commission on Ambassador to NATO by President Obama in 2009, Daalder was a senior the Fiscal Future of the United States. fellow in foreign policy studies at the Brookings Institution, specializing in American foreign policy, European security and transatlantic rela- Nazli Choucri tions, and national security affairs. Prior to joining Brookings in 1998, Nazli Choucri is Professor of Political Science. Her work is in the area he was an Associate Professor at the University of Maryland’s School of international relations, most notably on sources and consequences of Public Policy and director of research at its Center for International of international conflict and violence. Professor Choucri is the ar- and Security Studies. Ambassador Daalder was educated at Oxford and chitect and Director of the Global System for Sustainable Development Georgetown Universities, and received his PhD in political science from (GSSD), a multi-lingual web-based knowledge networking system the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is married to Elisa D. Har- focusing on the multi-dimensionality of sustainability. As Principal ris, and they have two sons. Investigator of the MIT-Harvard multi-year project on Explorations in Cyber International Relations, she directed a multi-disciplinary multi- William Durch method research initiative on the interconnections of cyberspace and William J. Durch is a distinguished fellow at the Stimson Center in international relations, with special attention to matters of theory, Washington, D.C, where he has co-directed the program on UN peace method, and policy. She is Editor of the MIT Press Series on Global En- operations, focusing on improved UN policing strategy and on UN ca- vironmental Accord and, formerly, General Editor of the International pacity to restore rule of law in post-conflict settings. He served as project Political Science Review. She also previously served as the Associate director for the UN Secretary-General’s Panel on UN Peace Operations Director of MIT’s Technology and Development Program. The author (the Brahimi Report) and as a scientific advisor to the US Defense Threat of eleven books and over 120 articles, Professor Choucri is a member Reduction Agency. Prior to joining Stimson, he was assistant director, of the European Academy of Sciences. She has been involved in re- Defense and Arms Control Studies program, MIT; research fellow, Har- search or advisory work for national and international agencies, and vard Center for Science and International Affairs; and foreign affairs -of for a number of countries. She served two terms as President of the ficer, US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. He has taught at Johns Scientific Advisory Committee of UNESCO’s Management of Social Hopkins, Georgetown, and George Washington Universities. His most Transformation (MOST) Program. recent publications include, Confronting the Crisis of Global Governance,

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the report of the Commission on Global Security, Justice and Gover- School. His books include Full Disclosure: The Perils and Promise of Trans- nance, June 2015 (research director and co-author); and “Police in UN parency (Cambridge University Press, with Mary Graham and David Weil) Peace Operations: Evolving Roles and Requirements,” August 2014. He and Empowered Participation: Reinventing Urban Democracy (Princeton holds a BSFS from Georgetown, MA (IR) from GWU, and a PhD (political University Press). He has authored five books, four edited collections, science) from MIT. and over fifty articles appearing in professional journals.

Taylor Fravel Kathleen Hicks M. Taylor Fravel is Associate Professor of Political Science and member Kathleen Hicks is senior vice president, Henry A. Kissinger Chair, and of the Security Studies Program at MIT. Taylor is a graduate of Middle- director of the International Security Program at CSIS. From 2009 to bury College and Stanford University, where he received his PhD. 2013, Dr. Hicks served as a senior civilian official in the Department He has been a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Olin Institute for Strategic of Defense. Confirmed in 2012 as principal deputy under secretary of Studies at Harvard University, a Predoctoral Fellow at the Center for In- defense for policy, she was responsible for advising the secretary of ternational Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, a Fellow defense on global and regional defense policy and strategy pertain- with the Princeton-Harvard China and the World Program and a Visit- ing to such areas as the Asia-Pacific and Persian Gulf regions, Syria, ing Scholar at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He also has and Europe. She also served as deputy under secretary of defense for graduate degrees from the London School of Economics and Oxford strategy, plans, and forces, leading the development of the 2012 Defense University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar. In March 2010, he was Strategic Guidance and the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review and crafting named Research Associate with the National Asia Research Program guidance for future force capabilities, overseas military posture, and launched by the National Bureau of Asian Research and the Woodrow contingency and theater campaign plans. She holds a Ph.D. in political Wilson International Center. science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, an M.A. from the University of Maryland’s School of Public Affairs, and an A.B. Archon Fung magna cum laude from Mount Holyoke College. Archon Fung is the Academic Dean and Ford Foundation Professor of Democracy and Citizenship at the Harvard Kennedy School. He is serv- Chappell Lawson ing as the School’s acting Dean in the Fall 2015 semester. His research Chappell Lawson is an Associate Professor of Political Science at MIT. explores policies, practices, and institutional designs that deepen the He directs the MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives quality of democratic governance. He focuses upon public participa- (MISTI) program and the newly created International Policy Lab. tion, deliberation, and transparency. He co-directs the Transparency Professor Lawson’s recent work has focused on Mexican politics, the Policy Project and leads democratic governance programs of the Ash effect of candidates’ physical appearance on their electoral success, Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation at the Kennedy political leadership, and homeland security policy. From September

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2009 through February 2011, Professor Lawson was on leave from Richard Nielsen MIT as a political appointee in the Obama Administration, serving as Richard Nielsen is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at MIT. Executive Director and Senior Advisor to the Commissioner of U.S. He completed his PhD (Government) and AM (Statistics) at Harvard Customs and Border Protection. Before joining the MIT faculty, he University, and holds a BA from Brigham Young University. His cur- served briefly as a Director of Inter-American Affairs on the National rent work uses statistical text analysis and fieldwork in Cairo mosques Security Council staff during the Clinton Administration. Professor to understand the radicalization of jihadi clerics in the Arab world. Lawson was a National Fellow at The Hoover Institution, Stanford Nielsen also writes on international law, the political economy of hu- University (2002-2003) and a Visiting Research Fellow at the Center for man rights, political violence, and political methodology. Some of this U.S.-Mexico Studies at the University of California, San Diego (1998- work is published or forthcoming in The American Journal of Political 99). He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1999 and his AB Science, International Studies Quarterly, Political Analysis, and Sociological from Princeton (the Woodrow Wilson School) in 1989. Methods and Research. His research has been supported by the National Science Foundation, the Harvard Academy for International and Area Richard Locke Studies, and the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Richard M. Locke, professor of political science and public and in- ternational affairs, became Brown University’s 13th provost in July Vipin Narang 2015. At the time of his appointment, Locke served as the Howard R. Vipin Narang is an Associate Professor of Political Science at MIT and Swearer Director of the Watson Institute for International Studies, member of MIT’s Security Studies Program. He received his Ph.D. from a position he assumed in 2013 and will maintain until a successor the Department of Government, Harvard University in May 2010, where is named. Locke is an internationally respected scholar and author- he was awarded the Edward M. Chase Prize for the best dissertation in ity on international labor markets, worker rights, comparative international relations. He holds a B.S. and M.S. in chemical engineering political economy, labor relations, and corporate responsibility. He with distinction from Stanford University and an M. Phil with Distinc- has published five books, as well as numerous articles on economic tion in international relations from Balliol College, Oxford University, development, labor relations, and corporate responsibility. For his where he studied on a Marshall Scholarship. He has been a fellow at Har- ongoing research on fair and safe working conditions in global sup- vard University’s Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, a predoctoral fel- ply chains, Locke was named the 2005 Faculty Pioneer in Academic low at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Leadership by The Aspen Institute. He currently chairs the Apple Affairs, and a junior faculty fellow at Stanford University’s Center for Academic Advisory Board, a group of independent academics who International Security and Cooperation. His research interests include are working with Apple to improve labor conditions among the nuclear proliferation and strategy, South Asian security, and general company’s suppliers. security studies. His work has been published in several journals includ-

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ing International Security, Journal of Conflict Resolution, and International Or- conflict and violence. He has written three books:Resistance and Rebel- ganization. His book “Nuclear Strategy in the Modern Era” was published lion: Lessons from Eastern Europe (Cambridge University Press, 2001), Un- by Princeton University Press in 2014. derstanding Ethnic Violence: Fear, Hatred, Resentment in Twentieth Century Eastern Europe (Cambridge University Press, 2002), and Western Inter- Kenneth Oye vention in the Balkans: The Strategic Use of Emotion in Conflict (Cambridge Kenneth Oye holds a joint appointment in Political Science and En- University Press, 2011). The latter book was named the Winner of the gineering Systems, with research and teaching on international rela- Association for the Study of Nationalities (ASN) Joseph Rothschild tions, political economy and technology policy. His books include Co- Prize in Nationalism and Ethnic Studies; Winner of the Association for operation under Anarchy, Economic Discrimination and Political Exchange, Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES) Marshall Shul- and the “Eagle” monographs on American foreign policy. His recent man Book Prize for outstanding monograph dealing with the interna- studies on technology policy have been published in Science, Clini- tional relations, foreign policy, or foreign-policy decision-making of cal Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Politics and the Life Sciences and any of the states of the former Soviet Union or Eastern Europe; Winner Issues in Science and Technology. He serves as Director of the MIT of the International Studies Association ENMISA (Ethnicity, National- Program on Emerging Technologies (PoET), as a member of the MIT ism, and Migration Section of the International Studies Association) Synthetic Biology Center and the MIT Center for Biomedical Innova- Distinguished Book Award. In collaboration with Austin Long and tion, and as Director of Policy and Practices for NSF SynBERC. In the Jon Lindsay, he is currently working on a manuscript entitled “A Social past several years, he has served as an invited expert to the UN BWC, Science Guide to the Iraq Conflict.” He teaches courses on civil war, the WHO, PCAST and the National Research Council. Professor Oye civil-military relations, and ethnic politics. is a recipient of the Levitan Award for Excellence in Teaching (2011), the Graduate Council Teaching Award (1998) and the Technology and Samuel Popkin Policy Program Faculty Appreciation Award (2003). Before coming to Samuel L. Popkin received his B.S. in Mathematics and Political Sci- MIT, he taught at Harvard, the University of California, Princeton and ence and his Ph.D. from MIT. Currently, a professor at the University Swarthmore. He holds a BA in Economics and Political Science from of California San Diego, he taught previously at Yale, Harvard and the Swarthmore with Highest Honors and a Ph.D in Political Science from University of Texas. Dr. Popkin is an active participant as well as an ac- Harvard with the Chase Dissertation Prize. ademic analyst of presidential elections. He has consulted on polling, targeting and strategy in six presidential campaigns, and consulted Roger Petersen with CBS News and YouGov/Polimetrix on election polling. Popkin is Roger Petersen holds BA, MA, and PhD degrees from the University of author of The Candidate: What it Takes to Win — and Hold — the White Chicago. He has taught at MIT since 2001 and is the Arthur and Ruth House., which The New York Times hailed as a “management bible for Sloan Professor of Political Science. Petersen focuses on within-state the business of presidential campaigning.” Dr. Popkin’s The Reason-

14 MIT POLITICAL SCIENCE 50th ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION SYMPOSIUM | NOVEMBER 6th, 2015 15 BIOGRAPHIES BIOGRAPHIES ing Voter: Communication and Persuasion in Presidential Campaigns has Richard Samuels been hailed as a “classic” (Time magazine). James Carville wrote “If Richard Samuels is Ford International Professor of Political Science and you’re preparing to run a presidential campaign and only have time director of the Center for International Studies. He has been head of the to read one book, make sure you read Sam Popkin’s The Reasoning MIT Political Science Department, Vice-Chair of the Committee on Japan Voter. If you have time to read two books, read The Reasoning Voter of the National Research Council, and chair of the Japan-US Friendship twice.” Dr. Popkin did research on pacification and local warfare in Commission. He has also been elected to the American Academy of Arts & Vietnam in graduate school and is the author of The Rational Peas- Sciences and was awarded an imperial decoration, the Order of the Rising ant: The Political Economy of Rural Society in Vietnam. In 1972, while Sun, Gold and Silver Star by the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Prime teaching at Harvard, he became the first American professor jailed Minister. His study of the political and policy consequences of the 2011 for refusing to answer questions about the sources for his research Tohoku catastrophe, 3:11: Disaster and Change in Japan, was published by during the government’s investigation of the Pentagon Papers. Cornell University Press in 2013. Samuels’ Securing Japan: Tokyo’s Grand Strategy and the Future of East Asia, was a finalist for the Lionel Gelber Barry Posen Prize for the best book in international affairs.Machiavelli’s Children won Barry R. Posen is Ford International Professor of Political Science at MIT, the Marraro Prize from the Society for Italian Historical Studies and the Director of the MIT Security Studies Program (http://web.mit.edu/ssp/), Jervis-Schroeder Prize from the International History and Politics section and serves on the Executive Committee of Seminar XXI (http://semxxi. of American Political Science Association. Earlier books were awarded mit.edu/). He has written three books, Restraint-A New Foundation for U.S. prizes from the Association for Asian Studies, the Association of Ameri- Grand Strategy, Inadvertent Escalation: Conventional War and Nuclear Risks can University Press, and the Ohira Memorial Prize. His articles have and The Sources of Military Doctrine. The latter won two awards: The Ameri- appeared in Foreign Affairs, International Security, Political Science Quarterly, can Political Science Association’s Woodrow Wilson Foundation Book International Organization, Journal of Modern Italian Studies, National Interest, Award, and Ohio State University’s Edward J. Furniss Jr. Book Award. He Journal of Japanese Studies, and Daedalus. In 2014 he was appointed Einstein is also the author of numerous articles, including “The Case for Restraint,” Visiting Fellow at the Free University of Berlin, where he directs a research The American Interest, (November/December 2007) and “Command of the group on East Asian Security during the summer. Commons: The Military Foundation of U.S. Hegemony,” International Secu- rity, (Summer, 2003.) He has been a Council on Foreign Relations Interna- Ben Schneider tional Affairs Fellow; Rockefeller Foundation International Affairs Fellow; Ben Ross Schneider is Ford International Professor of Political Science and Guest Scholar at the Center for Strategic and International Studies; Wood- director of the MIT Brazil program. Prior to joining the department in row Wilson Center Fellow; Smithsonian Institution; Transatlantic Fellow 2008, Schneider taught at Princeton University and Northwestern Univer- of the German Marshall Fund of the United States, and most recently Visit- sity. Professor Schneider’s teaching and research interests fall within the ing Fellow at the John Sloan Dickey Center at Dartmouth College. general fields of comparative politics, political economy, and Latin Ameri-

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can politics. His books include Politics within the State: Elite Bureaucrats and petitive Comrades: Career Incentives and Student Strategies in China; and her Industrial Policy in Authoritarian Brazil (1991), Business and the State in De- edited book, Changing Media, Changing China. Shirk served as a member veloping Countries (1997), Reinventing Leviathan: The Politics of Administrative of the U.S. Defense Policy Board, the Board of Governors for the East-West Reform in Developing Countries (2003), Business Politics and the State in 20th Center (Hawaii), the Board of Trustees of the U.S.-Japan Foundation, and Century Latin America (Cambridge University Press, 2004), and Hierarchical the Board of Directors of the National Committee on United States-China Capitalism in Latin America: Business, Labor, and the Challenges of Equitable Relations. As Senior Adviser to The Albright Group, Shirk advised private Development (Cambridge University Press, 2013). He also has published on sector clients on China and East Asia. She is a member of the Trilateral topics such as economic reform, democratization, technocracy, education Commission, the Council on Foreign Relations, and an emeritus member policy, the developmental state, business groups, industrial policy, and of the Aspen Strategy Group. Dr. Shirk received her BA in Political Science comparative bureaucracy. from Mount Holyoke College, her MA in Asian Studies from the Univer- sity of California, Berkeley, and her PhD in Political Science from the Mas- Susan Shirk sachusetts Institute of Technology. Susan Shirk is the Chair of the 21st Century China Program and Ho Miu Lam Professor of China and Pacific Relations at the School of Global Charles Stewart Policy and Strategy (GPS, formerly known as the School of International Charles Stewart III is Kenan Sahin Distinguished Professor of Political Sci- Relations and Pacific Studies) at UC San Diego. She is also director ence at MIT, where he has taught since 1985, and a Fellow of the American emeritus of the University of California’s Institute on Global Conflict Academy of Arts and Sciences. His research and teaching areas include and Cooperation (IGCC). Susan Shirk first visited China in 1971 and congressional politics, elections, and American political development. His has been teaching, researching and engaging China diplomatically ever current research about Congress touches on the historical development since. From 1997-2000, Shirk served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State of committees, origins of partisan polarization, and Senate elections. His in the Bureau of East Asia and Pacific Affairs, with responsibility for China, recent books of congressional research include Electing the Senate (2014, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mongolia. She served as the director of IGCC dur- with Wendy J. Schiller), Fighting for the Speakership (2012, with Jeffery A. ing 1991–1997 and then again during 2006-2011, and as the IGCC research Jenkins), and Analyzing Congress (2nd ed., 2011). Since 2001, Professor director during 2000–2006. In 1993, she founded, and continues to lead, Stewart has been a member of the Caltech/MIT Voting Technology Proj- the Northeast Asia Cooperation Dialogue (NEACD), a Track II forum for ect, a leading research effort that applies scientific analysis to questions discussions of security issues among defense and foreign ministry officials about election technology, election administration, and election reform. and academics from the U.S., Japan, China, Russia, South Korea and North He is currently the MIT director of the project. Professor Stewart is an Korea. Shirk’s publications include her books, China: Fragile Superpower; established leader in the analysis of the performance of election systems How China Opened Its Door: The Political Success of the PRC’s Foreign Trade and the quantitative assessment of election performance. Working with and Investment Reforms; The Political Logic of Economic Reform in China; Com- the Pew Charitable Trusts, he helped with the development of Pew’s

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Elections Performance Index. Professor Stewart also provided advice to along with Eric Wibbels, for the Cambridge University Press Series in the Presidential Commission on Election Administration. His research Comparative Politics, and a permanent external member of the Max on measuring the performance of elections and polling place operations, Planck Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung in Cologne, Germany. is funded by Pew, the Democracy Fund, and the Hewlett Foundation. He recently published The Measure of American Elections (2014, with Barry C. Lily Tsai Burden). Professor Stewart has been recognized at MIT for his undergradu- Lily L. Tsai is an Associate Professor of Political Science at MIT. Her ate teaching, being named to the second class of MacVicar Fellows in 1994, research focuses on issues of accountability, governance, and politi- awarded the Baker Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, and cal participation in developing contexts, with particular emphasis on the recipient of the Class of 1960 Fellowship. Professor Stewart received Asia and East Africa. Her book, Accountability Without Democracy: Soli- his B.A. in political science from Emory University, and S.M. and Ph.D. dary Groups and Public Goods Provision in Rural China, was published in from Stanford University. Cambridge University’s Studies on Comparative Politics and received the 2007-08 Dogan Award from the Society of Comparative Research Kathleen Thelen for the best book published in the field of comparative research. Tsai Kathleen Thelen is Ford Professor of Political Science at MIT. Her work has also published articles in The American Political Science Review, focuses on the origins and evolution of political-economic institu- Comparative Politics, The China Quarterly, and World Development. Tsai tions in the rich democracies. Her most recent works are Varieties of received a Ph.D. in government from Harvard University in 2005, and Liberalization and the New Politics of Social Solidarity (Cambridge, 2014), is a graduate of Stanford University and the University of California, and Advances in Comparative Historical Analysis (with James Mahoney, Berkeley. She is the recipient of fellowships from the Fulbright pro- Cambridge 2015). Her awards include the Barrington Moore Book Prize gram and the Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies. (2015), the Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award of the APSR (2005), the Mattei Dogan Award for Comparative Research (2006), and the Benjamin Valentino Max Planck Research Award (2003). She was elected to the American Benjamin Valentino is an Associate Professor of Government at Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2015 and to the Berlin-Brandenburg Dartmouth College. His research interests include the causes and Academy of Sciences in 2009. She received an honorary degree at the consequences of violent conflict and American foreign and security Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam (2013). Thelen is Treasurer of the policies. At Dartmouth he teaches courses on international relations, American Political Science Association. She has served as President of international security, American foreign policy, the causes and preven- APSA’s Comparative Politics Section (2011-13), Chair of the Council tion of genocide and serves as co-director the Government Department for European Studies (2002-2006), President of the APSA Section on Honors Program. He is also the faculty coordinator for the War and Politics and History (2007-2008), as President of the Society for the Peace Studies Program at Dartmouth’s Dickey Center for International Advancement of Socio-Economics (2008-2009). She is General Editor, Understanding. Professor Valentino’s book, Final Solutions: Mass Kill-

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ing and Genocide in the 20th Century, received the Edgar S. Furniss Book governments. He has also written on a wide range of other topics, such Award for making an exceptional contribution to the study of national as survey research methodology, judicial politics, energy policy, and and international security. His work has appeared in outlets such as The the institutional underpinnings of democratization. His work has New York Times, Foreign Affairs, The American Political Science Review, Se- appeared in the American Political Science Review, the Journal of Politics, curity Studies, International Organization, Public Opinion Quarterly, World Political Analysis, and three books from Cambridge University Press. Politics and The Journal of Politics. He is one of the creators of The Early Warning Project (a collaboration with the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Steven I. Wilkinson Museum in Washington, D.C.), a system designed to produce global Steven I. Wilkinson is Nilekani Professor of India and South Asian forecasts of large-scale violence against civilians. Professor Valentino Studies and Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at is currently working on several research projects focusing on public Yale University, where he also chairs the Political Science department. opinion on the use of force. He has worked on the causes of ethnic violence, and his book, Votes and Violence: electoral competition and ethnic riots in India (Cambridge, 2004), Stephen Van Evera examines the political roots of communal conflict in South Asia. He Stephen Van Evera is a Ford International Professor in the MIT Political is also interested in corruption in politics, and co-edited the book Science Department. Prof. Van Evera works in several areas of interna- Patrons, Clients or Politics: Patterns of Political Accountability and Competi- tional relations: the causes and prevention of war, U.S. foreign policy, tion (Cambridge, 2007) with Herbert Kitschelt. More recently he has U.S. security policy, U.S. intervention in the Third World, international worked on war and political change, and on civil military relations. relations of the Middle East, and international relations theory. He has He is working with co-author Saumitra Jha (Stanford GSB) on a book published books on the causes of war and on social science methodol- on War and Political Change, the first part of which, on the role of vet- ogy, and articles on American foreign policy, American defense policy, erans in the partition of India, came out last year as a journal article. nationalism and the causes of war, the origins of World War I, and U.S. The next part of this project looks at the role of veterans in the French strategy in the War on Terror. He currently serves as chair of the Tobin Revolution, and the His most recent book is Army and Nation, which Project committee on national security. came out in January 2015 from Harvard University Press (Permanent Black in South Asia), and examines India’s success in managing the Christopher Warshaw imbalanced colonial army it inherited in 1947. Chris Warshaw is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Politi- cal Science at MIT. He completed his PhD in Political Science at Stan- ford University. He also received a JD from Stanford Law School and a BA from Williams College. Warshaw’s current research focuses on political representation in Congress, state legislatures, and municipal

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