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Report – Made in PRD: the Changing Face of HK Manufacturers – Released in 2003

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Report – Made in PRD: the Changing Face of HK Manufacturers – Released in 2003 MADE IN Challenges & Opportunities for HK Industry Made in PRD Study is a Federation of Hong Kong Industries project. The Hong Kong Centre for Economic Research was commissioned to carry out this two-year Study. Published and printed in Hong Kong. HK$500 Published by Federation of Hong Kong Industries. Copyright © 2007 Federation of Hong Kong Industries. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the Federation of Hong Kong Industries. Website : http://www.industryhk.org Contents 2 Foreword 8 Chapter 1 : Hong Kong and the Pearl and Yangtze River Deltas 28 Chapter 2 : Industrial Performance in Gunagdong and the Role of Hong Kong 42 Chapter 3 : Hong Kong-Funded Enterprises and Enterprises in Other Contractual Forms 56 Chapter 4 : The Characteristics of Product Sales 66 Chapter 5 : Guangdong and Hong Kong in Parternership 80 Chapter 6 : Business Environment of the PRD 94 Chapter 7 : Research & Development 110 Chapter 8 : Policy Recommendations 126 Glossary 128 Acknowledgements 1 Since China embarked on the historic economic reform Foreword programmes in late 1970s, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) has developed by leaps and bounds from a predominately rural region into one of the fastest growing, export- oriented industrial centres in the world. This spectacular transformation and the contributions that Hong Kong manufacturers had made to the process have been lucidly depicted in our study report – Made in PRD: The Changing Face of HK Manufacturers – released in 2003. As a first large-scale, systematic research project on the economic relationships between Hong Kong and the PRD, the study was able to gauge the scale and scope of Hong Kong manufacturers’ economic activities in the region as well as their strength in leveraging on the Hong Kong/PRD synergy to become more competitive amid the quickly globalising world economy. The study was well received by the business community, policy makers and academia in Hong Kong, Guangdong and overseas. Its findings and recommendations not only aroused wide discussion among the stakeholders, but also stimulated keener interest in the dynamism and immense growth potential of the PRD as China’s economic powerhouse. Underpinned by the emergence of the PRD, in Hong Kong the economy has experienced profound development, most noticeably the rapid expansion of the producer services sector. Benefiting from Hong Kong manufacturers’ escalating demand for producer services to support their burgeoning operations in the PRD, this sector has grown vigorously in the past decades – so much so that it has become the backbone of our economy, accounting for half of Hong Kong’s GDP. 2 For Hong Kong manufacturers, the successful expansion More importantly, the recommendations in the final into the PRD has resulted in a more sophisticated chapter provide a direction for further promoting the division of labour between their Hong Kong and PRD Hong Kong/PRD synergy and strengthening the region’s operations, where the Hong Kong headquarters perform industrial development. They may be of strategic such functions as financial management, sales and importance to the governments and institutions in marketing, research and development, and design and Hong Kong and Guangdong for formulating plans brand development, while the more labour-intensive and measures to encourage and facilitate industry production activities are carried out by the PRD factories. players to move up the value chain and improve their By tapping into the complementary strengths of Hong competitiveness. Given the pivotal role played by Kong and the PRD, Hong Kong industry has made great industry in the region’s economy, strong and sturdy strides in expanding production capacity and upgrading support by government to ensure industry’s vibrancy is manufacturing capabilities in the last twenty years or so. instrumental in sustaining the long-term prosperity of During the same time, the number of workers employed the Greater PRD. by Hong Kong industry has seen a tenfold increase. This report would not have been possible without the Given the fast changing global market and China’s generous support of the sponsors. We thank them rapid economic development, the Hong Kong/PRD sincerely for their commitment to and enthusiasm for partnership and its evolution against the backdrop of the advancement of the interest of Hong Kong industry. Guangdong’s Eleventh Five-Year Plan need to be closely We are also indebted to the many companies that monitored to ensure that timely and appropriate policies participated in the survey. The information provided by can be formulated and implemented to enhance the them has been crucial to the success of this study. region’s competitive advantage. With this in mind, the FHKI has embarked on the present research as a follow- Last but not least, we would like to express our deepest up to the successful Made in PRD study, to update and gratitude to members of the Steering Committee for deepen our understanding of the evolving Hong Kong/ their input and guidance during the course of the PRD partnership. The Hong Kong Centre for Economic project, Professor Y C Richard Wong and his team Research was again commissioned to undertake the from the Hong Kong Centre for Economic Research for new study. their commitment and professionalism in conducting the research work, and our co-ordinating team at the This report is the product of an ambitious task that secretariat for their hard work and dedication to the involved many months of preparations, field work, project. data analysis and compilation. But, as you will discover, the efforts have produced gratifying results. This is a useful reader for those who are interested in the Kenneth Ting newest development trends of the Greater PRD since Chairman our previous study. From this report’s findings, you will Federation of Hong Kong Industries gain insight into new opportunities made available by the increasingly close collaboration between Hong Kong April 2007 and the PRD. 3 The publication of Made in PRD: Challenges and Message Opportunities for HK Industry could not have come at a more opportune moment, when the industrial restructuring in Guangdong is gathering pace under its Eleventh Five-Year Plan. This restructuring, which seeks to improve the province’s industrial landscape, will have profound ramifications on Hong Kong industry as well as the evolving Hong Kong/PRD partnership. Building on the foundation of the previous study released four years ago, this report charts the latest industrial developments in the Greater PRD and analysed the significance of maintaining a thriving industrial base in the PRD for the region’s sustainable development. I hope our new findings will be useful to the Guangdong authorities for developing a strategy to take the industrial restructuring forward in a manner that can minimise its impact on and at the same time maximise the return on investment for the stakeholders. During my two-year tenure as chairman of the FHKI beginning 2001, the relative lack of understanding of the economic relationship between Hong Kong and our single most important production hinterland for Hong Kong industry – the PRD, prompted FHKI to embark on the Made in PRD research project. The project aimed to systematically study the activities of Hong Kong manufacturers in the PRD and their role in the industrial, economic and technological development in the Greater PRD region. 4 Through this project, we were able to acquire a An important area highlighted by the last study was wealth of knowledge of this fast changing region, and promoting Hong Kong industry’s innovation and identified the kind of governmental and institutional technology capabilities. In recent years, the Hong Kong support and assistance that Hong Kong manufacturers Government has re-defined the priority of the Innovation needed to remain competitive in a fastly globalising and Technology Fund and established specialised world market. applied research centres to strengthen government- industry-academia collaboration. New schemes have Based on the report’s recommendations, in early 2004 also been established to promote “Brand Hong Kong” FHKI founded the PRD Council to strengthen our support and to encourage Hong Kong companies to add value for Hong Kong manufacturers operating in the PRD. to their products through the use of quality design and Through the strong liaison work of its local chapters in branding. key PRD cities, the PRD Council has maintained close dialogues with local authorities and meets frequently While we are delighted with these positive with government officials to exchange views on issues developments, we hope the new study report will be affecting manufacturers’ PRD operations. It is note- equally well received by the business community and worthy that most of the respondents to our present policy makers of Hong Kong and Guangdong as the study felt that Guangdong’s operating environment first one. had generally improved over the past three years. In addition, a number of new measures taken by Victor Lo the Hong Kong Government to forge closer Hong Honorary President Kong/PRD co-operation were recommendations in Federation of Hong Kong Industries the report. These included: setting up a government economic and trade office in Guangzhou to gather and April 2007 communicate trade and economic information to Hong Kong companies conducting business in Guangdong; commissioning of new cross-boundary infrastructures to improve passenger and cargo flows; and establishing the Greater PRD Business Council to provide a platform for discussing issues of mutual benefit to Hong Kong and PRD at the business-to-business level. 5 As one of the world’s largest and most dynamic Message manufacturing bases, the PRD faces new challenges brought about by intensifying regional and global competition as well as depleting resources and environmental concerns.
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