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Pyrgomorphidae: Orthoptera

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Pyrgomorphidae: Orthoptera Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(2): 1597-1599 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Bush hoppers (Pyrgomorphidae: Orthoptera): A www.entomoljournal.com JEZS 2020; 8(2): 1597-1599 survey based study from Shikarpur, Sindh © 2020 JEZS Received: 25-01-2020 Pakistan Accepted: 27-02-2020 Waheed Ali Panhwar Department of Zoology, Shah Waheed Ali Panhwar and Shah Rukh Soomro Abdul Latif University Khairpur Mir’s Sindh, Pakistan Abstract The bush hoppers are generally phytophagous and most fascinating hoppers amongst family Shah Rukh Soomro Department of Zoology, Shah Pyrgomorphidae. During the present study a total of 67 specimens were captured from various localities Abdul Latif University Khairpur of district Shikarpur Sindh. The specimens were identified into 04 genera and 07 species i-e: Mir’s Sindh, Pakistan Pyrgomorpha bispinosa Walker, 1870, Pyrgomorpha deserti Bei-Bienko & Mistshenko, 1951, Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius, 1775), Chrotogonus trachypterus (Blanchard, 1836), Atractomorpha acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844), Atractomorpha blanchardi Bolívar, 1905 and Atractomorpha crenulata (Fabricius, 1793) of family Pyrgomorphidae. Beside this, the highest population of Atractomorpha acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) with 20.89% followed by Pyrgomorpha bispinosa Walker, 1870, 16.41% and Atractomorpha acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844), Atractomorpha blanchardi Bolívar, 1905 with 14.92% respectively. While the lowest population of Pyrgomorpha deserti Bei-Bienko & Mistshenko, 1951, 8.95% Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius, 1775) 10.44%, Chrotogonus trachypterus (Blanchard, 1836) with 13.43% respectively. Keywords: Bush hoppers, Pyrgomorphidae, Genera, species 1. Introduction Bush- hoppers belong to family pyrgomorphidae order Orthoptera and sub-order Caelifera. The family pyrgomorphidae have great morphological variation amongst species as well as upto genus level throughout world. This charismatic group of bush-hoppers are well known due to their body coloration, unique patterns on their pronotum and usually featured as showy [1] insects in displays . Pyrgomorphidae comprises nearly 500 species throughout the world of which 385 species are found in Asia and Africa [16, 5]. Bush-hoppers are mostly cryptic and less know Orthopteroid insects. Many of species are colourful and might be overlooked by the public [2]. Pyrgomorphidae are widely distributed in Oriental, Palearctic, Australian and [3] Neotropical regions . Many of species of bush-hoppers are important pest and attack several types of ornamental plant and crops. About 20 genera are regarded as moderate pests such as Zonocerus elegans and Zonocerus variegatus attack on wide range of agricultural crops in Africa and their instars caused outbreak [4]. Pakistan is most diverse region with its great importance from different geographical point of view falling oriental, Palearctic and some [5] intermingling with afro-tropical elements that give ideal place for breeding of these insects . Histological and anatomical study of reproductive structure of Pokilocerus pictus species of family pyrgomorphidae was conducted and was compared with other species such as Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria [6]. About 28 species of various families of Orhopteroid were reported. Only single species i-e: Pyrgomorpha conica of Pyrgomorphidae was recorded [7] from Faislababd . Taxonomic study of Thal area of Punjab resulted in discovery of 05 species of Pyrgomorphidae under 05 genera i-e: Tenuitarsus, Chrotogonus, Pyrgomorpha, Atractomorpha and Poekilocerus [8]. Six species were identified i-e : Poekilocerus pictus , Pyrgomorpha bispinosa deserti, Aularches miliaris, Chrotogonus trachpterus trachypterus, Atractomorpha sinensis sinensis and Conophymo semenovi under 02 genera were recorded [9] from Azad Jammu Kashmir Pakistan . Biological observation of single species of Corresponding Author: Pyrgomorphidae i-e: Chrotogonus trachypterus trachypterus was carried under laboratory Waheed Ali Panhwar conditions in Tandojam Sindh [10, 11]. Ichthyotettix stricticaudatus and Ichthyotettix Department of Zoology, Shah inexpectatus of family Pyrgomophidae from Mexico [12]. Abdul Latif University Khairpur Mir’s Sindh, Pakistan ~ 1597 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies http://www.entomoljournal.com Pyrogomorpha bispinosa deserti, Chrotogonus trachypterus, (Fabricius, 1775), Chrotogonus trachypterus (Blanchard, Poekilocerus pictus and Tenuitarsus orientalis were reported 1836), Atractomorpha acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844), from Thar Sindh Pakistan [13]. Egg morphological and Atractomorpha blanchardi Bolívar, 1905 and Atractomorpha development of eggs study of 01 species i-e: Poekilocerus crenulata (Fabricius, 1793) of family Pyrgomorphidae. pictus of Pyrgomorphidae was carried in laboratory condition Beside this, the highest population of Atractomorpha in Jamshoro District [14]. Taxonomic survey of Hazara acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) with 20.89% followed division of Pakistan revealed 1402 species of Orthopteroids by Pyrgomorpha bispinosa Walker, 1870, 16.41% and including Pyrgomophidae family [15]. Study on biodiversity of Atractomorpha acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844), caelifera of Gorakh hill resulted in finding of 39 species . Of Atractomorpha blanchardi Bolívar, 1905 with 14.92% which 19 species belong to family Acrididae, 11 species to respectively (Fig.1). While the lowest population of Tetrigidae, 05 species to Dericorythidae and 04 to Pyrgomorpha deserti Bei-Bienko & Mistshenko, 1951, 8.95% Pyrgomorphidae [16, 17]. But no data is reported on Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius, 1775) 10.44, Chrotogonus Pyrgomorphidae family from district Shikarpur, thus it is trachypterus (Blanchard, 1836) with 13.43% respectively. proposed to conduct research on this family from this area. Taxonomic study of Thal area of Punjab resulted in discovery of 05 species of Pyrgomorphidae under 05 genera i-e: 2. Materials and Methods Tenuitarsus, Chrotogonus, Pyrgomorpha, Atractomorpha and Extensive surveys were carried out during the month of Poekilocerus [8]. Six species were identified i-e : Poekilocerus March 2019- September 2019 from various localities of pictus , Pyrgomorpha bispinosa deserti, Aularches miliaris, district Shikarpur Sindh, Pakistan. The bush hoppers were Chrotogonus trachpterus trachypterus, Atractomorpha captured with help of aerial nets, hand picking method and sinensis sinensis and Conophymo semenovi under 02 genera sweep netting. Bush hoppers were examined under were recorded s from Azad Jammu Kashmir Pakistan [9]. stereoscopic binocular microscope. The samples were Biological observation of single species of Pyrgomorphidae i- identified with help of taxonomic keys available in literature e: Chrotogonus trachypterus trachypterus was carried under and (www.orthopteraspeciesfile.com). Identified samples laboratory conditions in Tandojam Sindh [10]. A survey of were labeled and preserved into insect boxes [1]. Mirpur division of Azad Jammu Kashmir revealed finding of 25 species of Orthopteroids including 02 species i-e: 3. Results and Discussion Poekilocerus pictus and Chrotogonus trachpterus of family The bush hoppers are generally phytophagous and most Pyrgomorphidae [11]. Two new species i-e: Ichthyotettix fascinating hoppers amongst family Pyrgomorphidae. They stricticaudatus and Ichthyotettix inexpectatus of family are polyphagous insects refers to that they are feeding wide Pyrgomophidae from Mexico [12]. Four species i-e: range of plants under different plant families that are cause to Pyrogomorpha bispinosa deserti, Chrotogonus trachypterus, damage crop. During the present study a total of 67 specimens Poekilocerus pictus and Tenuitarsus orientalis were reported were captured from various localities of district Shikarpur from Thar Sindh Pakistan [13]. Egg morphological and Sindh. The collected specimens were brought into development of eggs study of 01 species i-e: Poekilocerus Biosystematics Laboratory at Department of Zoology, Shah pictus of Pyrgomorphidae was carried in laboratory condition Abdul Latif University Khairpur Mirs. The specimens were in Jamshoro District [14]. Taxonomic survey of Hazara division killed by standardized entomological method. The specimens of Pakistan revealed 1402 species of Orthopteroids including were identified into 04 genera i-e: Pyrgomorpha Serville, Pyrgomophidae family [15]. Present study suggested that more 1838 , Poekilocerus Serville, 1831 , Chrotogonus Serville, surveys may carried out in the study area may lead to 1838 , Atractomorpha Saussure, 1862 and 07 species i-e: discovery of new species or new record. Moreover, this study Pyrgomorpha bispinosa Walker, 1870, Pyrgomorpha deserti will form a base line future researchers concerned with bush Bei-Bienko & Mistshenko, 1951, Poekilocerus pictus hoppers fauna of this area. Fig 1: Showing month wise distribution of Pyrgomorphidae from District Shikarpur ~ 1598 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies http://www.entomoljournal.com 4. Conclusion Orthopteran Biodiversity of Thar Desert, Sindh, Bush hoppers of district Shikarpur revealed discovery of 07 Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2013; 45(2):299- species i-e: Pyrgomorpha bispinosa Walker, 1870, 304 Pyrgomorpha deserti Bei-Bienko & Mistshenko, 1951, 14. Sultana R, Kumar S, Soomro IA. Study on morphology Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius, 1775), Chrotogonus and development of egg-pod and eggs of Poekilocerus trachypterus (Blanchard, 1836), Atractomorpha acutipennis pictus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae).
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