April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9937 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS "GOING PLACES WITH OL' JOE" Wheel Men and the Bicycle Manufacturers This concept in regards to air passenger Association are right in there at the Senate and freight movement, and other concepts hearings on the Carter transportation bill that we will suggest as we look at some other HON. DALE MILFORD plugging for blkeways, bike !acllities and forms of transportation, actually could be called the modular concept or transportation OF TEXAS asking !or more !unding !or transportation facilities !or the non-motorist. center development. Intermodal transit pro­ lN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Is there any hope !or innovations in trans­ grams will probably be key complements in Wednesday, April 12, 1978 portation to successfully break through the urban economic development programs and bureaucratic process and become useful? Is the revitalization programs o! certain metro­ e Mr. MILFORD. Mr. Speaker, the there any need for innovations? I say, Yes! politan areas. Transportation Club of Dallas this week Figures !rom reliable transportation sur­ As we look at transportation of freight by heard some interesting, and I believe veys indicate that between 85 and 90% o! trucks, this modal concept will become in­ valid observations on the relationship the total passenger trips are still by car, with creasingly important. Statistics presented at between the Federal Government and one person per car. We can certainly con­ the 4th National Conference on "Effects o! the transportation industry. clude that transportation pattern shl!ts are Energy Constraints on Transportation Sys­ needed. tems" indicate that the modal shi!t concept The speaker was Joe P. Johnson, During the First Session of the 95th Con­ will become much more prevalent in the president of the Federal Services Divi­ gress in 1977, while endless days o! hearings movement of freight by a combination o! sion of Martin Ryan Haley & Associates, were being held on a broad aviation regula­ truck and rail. This means increased signifi­ Inc. tory re!orm bill, a well-organized and tar­ cance for the freight forwarding approach I believe Mr. Johnson's remarks are geted approach, developed and introduced to the movement of goods and merchandise. interesting reading, and I would like by the Federal Express Corporation and The conference concluded that substantial them to appear in the RECORD. others, resulted in air cargo deregulation opportunities exist for energy conservation legislation being enacted into law. This legis­ in the freight transportation industry. These TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS VS. lation passed because it addressed the prob­ opportunities will bring to bear great politi­ GoVERNMENT REGULATIONS lems o! today. cal pressures that will no doubt cause certain During the recent weeks since I received What are those problems o! today'?' Energy changes to be effected in the present regula­ your invitation to address this luncheon, I conservation. Cost efficiencies. Better service, tory system. have been conscious o! many articles ap­ and time conservation. O! these, time con­ Again, in regards to the example I used pearing in various publications that reln­ servation may be the most significant. earlier concerning air cargo deregulation !orce my already firm belle! that transpor­ The traveling business person-who com­ and Federal Express, the changes will ad­ tation generally may well be more affected prises the bulk o! airline passenger traffic­ dress specific needs and requirements. I be­ by government regulation than any other may well be fed up with the process that lieve that a one-step-at-a-time transition industry. requires spending so much time making will occur. Major all-at-once regulatory I have, for example, the March 24th Busi­ reservations, driving to the airport, purchas­ changes would cause such a need for restruc­ ness and Financial section !rom the Wash­ ing tickets and checking in. And most air­ turing the industry that the resultant cap­ ington Post in which every article on the lines practically demand check-in 30 minutes ital needs could not be met, and the excess !ront page o! that section re!ers to regula­ prior to departure even on short flights. capacities resulting !rom sudden shifts tion or government involvement in some The United States aviation industry, ham­ would not be tolerable. !orm of transportation. pered by governmental decisions preventing I would be remiss in any discussion of the One article re!ers to President Carter's development of supersonic air transports­ transportation process if I did not address order mandating plain English be used in and additionally hampered by the removal the use of waterway transportation. I do not the regulatory publications. Another article from the de!ense budget o! research and care today to become embroiled in any con­ concerns the Federal Railroad Administra­ development funds that would have provided troversy over the waterway user's tax. tion and its order to remove certain wheels short take-off-and-landing, 45- to 60-passen­ I have observed the development o! the !rom tank cars. Another article talks about ger jets-ls behind the eight-ball. Arkansas River as a major transportation auto sales, another about taxes as related The recent purchase by Eastern Airlines system !rom Tulsa to the Gul!. I believe the to certain forms of transportation, another of the A300 air bus-the largest purchase Trinity has an even greater potential. concerns the oil tax deadline. And there's ever of foreign-built aircraft by United Despite opposition because of traditional another article on Senator Kennedy and his States air carriers-has to be a blow to both operating patterns, I do believe that espe­ traveling deregulation show and their the industry and the economy. In spite of cially the Congress will implement amend­ trucking hearings in the mldwest. the lumps the United States aircraft build­ ments to current laws that would permit Yet another article speaks very appropri­ ers have suffered, however, a short take-off­ response to the points mentioned earller­ ately, I think, o! government involvement and-landing, 45- to 60-passenger jet is prob­ energy conservation, cost efficiencies, bet­ in transportation, where CONRAIL losses ably more than a shadow in the crystal ball ter service and time conservation. are put at $366 million for 1977, with a of air passenger travel. I am just like the most o! you. I believe forecast for no improvement in its financial Additionally, the supersonic air transport that government should be involved where status !or the current year. for long-range trips is here. The ability to it's beneficial to me, and not involved I also have the Congressional Monitor leave Paris at 8 o'clock in the evening and where it's not beneficial. I am not saying for Friday. March 10th-which is not a lot land in the eastern United States at 6 : 00 that government will become uninvolved in different from any other day-and which p .m., without the usual so-called jet lag, is transportation. I think projects such as the lists the Senate and House committee hear­ a way of life that is here to stay-that's time development of the Trinity River must be ings that had been, or were in the process conservation ! the responsibility of government because the of being scheduled. If my premise is correct, demand will be­ project ls too large !or private enterprise. Of the 237 committee and subcommltee gin to force the development of new air travel I think the important point for you who hearings listed, 47--0r 20 percent-refer di­ patterns. For instance: A 45-passenger bus are involved in transportation to remember, rectly to the transportation lndustry­ will load downtown or at other convenient however, ls that government-whatever it hearings on everything from auto repairs areas wl th passengers to the same destina­ is-still is a government of special interest to retirement policies !or Department of De­ tion, drive to a close-in, short-field airport, groups. James Madison in the Federalist Pa­ fense air controllers. go directly onto the ramp to a plane of like pers states that special interest groups and Another publication, the Weekly Regula­ size, and passengers will arrive at destination their lobbyists would provide the balance tory Monitor, covers hearings scheduled by in about the same time as it presently takes that would keep our system viable. the various bureaucratic agencies. The to make reservations, drl ve to the airport, Elected members o! government con­ March 6th issue lists 198 scheduled hear­ buy a ticket and check in. stantly and vigorously seek your input in ings, of which 36-again almost 20 per­ In other markets where the demand ls su!­ order that the right conclusions might be cent-apply directly to the transportation ficien t, the use of planes such as the A300 reached. You have both the opportunity and industry. air bus would then diminish the importance the responsibility to have your input and This is at the federal level, and says noth~ of the so-called engineering marvels known knowledge become a part of the decision­ ing about the involvement of government as airports for ordinary passenger travel as making process. by the various state, county, city and other we know it today. It would not make them If we have succeeded today in convincing local governmental entities in the field of useless or obsolete. The diminished role of you-were you not already convinced-that transportation. air passenger transportation would be re­ government does play a role in transporta­ It may come as a surprise to those of you placed with new and massive needs for air tion, then maybe the best advice I can leave who are not bicycle enthusiasts (I am, in­ freight transportation, with an emphasis on with you ls that you must develop an ef­ cidentally) that the League o! American intercontinental air freight movement. fective political posture if you want to be

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., • 9938 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 an effective force in t ransportation industry within realistic bounds. The NIH finally as­ characterize as a "Jeffersonian" approach to changes. sembled a world-wide group of such experts solving the nation's energy problems. I thank you for having me.e last summer, and they agreed that the pro­ This approach puts primary emphasis on posed recomblnants could not be as danger­ conservation, renewable energy resources, ous as many known disease-producing orga­ and special transitional fossil fu el t echnolo­ RECOMBINANT DNA ACT nisms, which are cultured in thousands of gies as opposed to nuclear power. It ls called medical laboratories every day. Jeffersonian because it would ultimately re­ The bacteria being used in this work are turn to the citizen an increased amount ot HON. JAMES M. COLLINS special weakened strains, carefully developed control over and responsibility for energ} OF TEXAS to require nutrients that are not encountered production. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in natural environments. "California is definitely a leader in solar My next point concerns the class of recom­ energy development," says Ted Lucas, author Wednesday, April 12, 1978 binants containing human DNA. These have of two books on the subject. Of the roughly • Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, particularly broad promise for medical re­ 400 solar energy firms in the U.S. today, about search; but they have been classified as par­ a quarter are located in California, he esti­ the burden of Government regulation, so t icularly dangerous, because of fear that they mates. costly and harmful to U.S. industry, is might pick up and spread t he genes of human Mr. Lucas sees several reasons for this. One increasingly expanding into our scien­ viruses. But this fear is based on the addi­ is psychological. Californians, he observes, tific community. I am specifically con­ tional assumption that these recomblnants like to feel they are in the forefront. cerned with H.R. 111::12, the Recombinant would be an entirely novel class of organisms, Anot her reason is state government. Jerry DNA Act, recently marked up by the In­ never encountered before in nature. With Brown, he feels, has championed several terstate and Foreign Commerce Commit­ further discussion this assumption has be­ measures which significantly encourage solar tee and subsequently reported to the Sci­ come exceedingly unlikely. We know that energy development. Finally, there ls sun­ ence and Technology Committee. This bacteria can take up DNA (though infre­ shine itself. California has long prided itself quently); and since bacteria have been grow­ on its sunny cllmate, so the step to utiliza­ legislation, allowing Federal control of ing in t he colons of our ancestors for milllons DNA research, will severely hinder the tion of solar energy ls not great. of years, it is virtually certain that they have Callfornia Rep. George E. Brown, Jr. is part field of study with the greatest potential often taken up human DNA, released from of a loosely knit solar coalition in Congress to cure human disease. dying cells of the surrounding intestinal which has been trying to get the administra­ During the initial markup, I offered wall. Accordingly, mankind must have long tion to increase its support of energy sources separate views opposing the passage of been exposed to recombinants of this kind. other than coal and nuclear. H.R. 11192. In that light, I wish to offer With these developments, the lnl tlally very Mr. Brown and several other congressmen excerpts from an article by Dr. Bernard cautious attitude of the scientific community visited President Carter April 10 to urge that D. Davis, an Adele Lehman professor of has shifted dramatically. The bluntest cri­ he develop a strategy and a timetable for the tique has come from James Watson (who development and commerciallzation of alter­ bacterial physiology at Harvard Uni­ triggered the development of molecular biol­ versity. Dr. Lehman's article appeared in native energy sources. ogy by his discovery, with Francis Crick, of But regardless of what happens in Wash­ the April 5, 1978, Wall Street Journal and the structure of DNA). Though he was one ington, California already has taken several clearly documents the dangers of Fed­ of those who first voiced caution, he now steps down the "soft path." Richard Maull1n, eral intervention into this highly special­ urges that we abandon the whole expensive director of the State Energy Commission, ized field. bureaucracy of guidelines and release the lists these steps: wasted time and money for solving real 1. Development of building standards to Excerpts from the article follows : health problems. It seems almost certain that The need for any legislation ls increasingly encourage energy conservation. Rather than Watson will prove right. But meanwhile it mandating specific amounts of insulation for questioned. It is important to know why the also seems clear that publlc anxiety, gener­ dangers seem so much smaller today. ated initially by scientists, cannot be re­ the ratio of window to wall space, the state People for several years have been making versed until t he true nature of recombinant has taken a "performance" approach. Build­ recombinants in many laboratories, without DNA research is widely understood.e ing on the experience of the northern Cali­ a single resulting lllness. It ls clear that the fornia City of Davis, the first community in predicted dangers remain entirely hy­ the country to adopt this approach, the st<\te pothetical. CALIFORNIA EXPLORES ALTERNA­ sets overall energy conservation standard The recombinant technique is increasingly TIVE ENERGY STRATEGIES which architects can meet anyway they wish. recognized as a tool of great versat1Ilty, com­ 2. Enactment of a 45 percent solar energy parable to the use of radioactively labeled state income tax credit. molecules in studying the chemical processes 3. Creation of a certification system for so­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. lar equipment to protect the consumer. Ap­ in living systems. For example, recomblnants OF CALIFORNIA make it possible to isolate human genes. proved systems will be given a special state Moreover, they also make it possible to study IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seal, provided the companies extend a speci­ the action and the regulation of these genes Wednesday, April 12, 1978 fied warranty. in the thousandfold simpler background of 4. This year the state ls spending $2.5 mil­ a bacterial cell. And gene regulation-these­ e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. lion for public education, including demon­ lective turning on of some genes and turning Speaker, this past Sunday I addressed stration projects on alterantive energy off of ot hers ls a crucial problem in modern the Second International Helioscience sources. Next year's budget will increase this biomedical science. Institute on Alternate Energy Confer­ to $4 million, if approved by the Legislature. 5. With its large potential for geothermal It ls the key to the normal development ence, which was held in Palm Springs, energy, the state has cut down licensing time of a fertlllzed egg into a human being, and Calif. I very much enjoyed the event, also to the abnormal development of a cancer for such plants from 18 to 12 months, and (a line of cells that have escaped from nor­ which was another demonstration of may reduce it evern further. mal growth regulation) . Other uses of recom­ the great support alternative energy Recently Governor Brown proposed the binants, of more immediate medical and in­ technologies have in this country. largest state energy program ever. He would dustrial importance, wllI include the manu­ One of the news accounts of this con­ like to spend $500 mlllion over the next five facturer of unnumerable useful human prod­ years. Of this, $200 million would go toward ference shows how California in particu­ energy conservation measures, including ret­ ucts, such as insulin, other hormones, anti­ lar is moving ahead in this area. I would bodies and antiviral agents. With such bene­ rofitting state and local government build­ fits in sight we wlll be paying an extravagant like to insert it in the CONGRESSIONAL ings to cut their energy consumption by a price if we perpetuate restrictions that are RECORD for the review by other Members. quarter. not justified by the hazards. Moreover, if this The article follows: The rest would go toward various energy price involved only money, like the tens of (From the Christian Monitor, Apr. 11, 1978] technologies-including methods to convert mllllons of dollars wasted on lunar quaran­ forest and agricultural residues into energy, CALIFORNIANS Go 'SOFT' ON ENERGY tine, it would be bad enough. But it also in­ wind turbines, geothermal power plants, and volves a greater, hidden cost: hindrance of (By David F. Salisbury) an advanced coal-fired plant that would pro­ research on diseases that are meanwhile tak­ In his office, Callfornia Gov. Edmund G. duce both electricity and a clean-burning ing human lives. Brown Jr. has a model solar collector which gas which could be distributed throughout Though the development of these novel he demonstrates to visitors with considerable an area within 150 miles of the plant, all recombinant organisms was created by spe­ relish. with minimal pollution. cialists in molecular biology, the assessment From the Governor to the 350 people who This general approach has its vocal critics of the possible hazard is a problem in quite attended the latest conference on alterna­ within the state. Chief among them are Re­ a different area of science: infectious disease. tive energy here recently, Californians have publican aspirants for the governorship who Unfortunately, few professionals in this field emerged as some of the most ardent sup­ characterized Mr. Brown's support for con­ were included in the early discussions, porters for what British physicist Amory servation and alternatives as exotic and though they might have kept the scenarios Lovins called the "soft path" and what others potentially disastrous. April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9939 It also runs contrary to the inclinations of a human embryo, therefore, has to admit at right to avoid the procedure: I cospon­ the state's utilities, whose strategy was to least the possibility that he or she is killing sored a measure-which has since be­ shift from fossil fuel to nuclear energy. They an innocent human person. He may believe come law-to allow hospital personnel had intended to generate more than half the he is not, he may be totally convinced he is electricity in the state with nuclear energy not. But the fact is, he has no way of ruling to refuse, without prejudice to their jobs, by 1995. out either the possibility or the probability to participate in abortion procedures Large segments of the California business that he is not." should their conscience so dictate. community also have been leery of the Brown When the Supreme Court debated approach to energy. Many feel the climate in A clergyman wrote to me that: abortion in the 1973 Roe against Wade the state has become antibuslness, an im­ No one wants abortions, but neither do we case, it concluded that "we need not pression the Governor has only recently want our nation to go back to all the illegal abortions which were performed before abor­ resolve the difficult question of when life begun to counteract. begins. When those trained in the re~ Still, California supporters of the alterna­ tions were declared legal. I lost a cousin at tive energy sources clearly feel they are ahead the hands of an untrained abortionist, and spective disciplines of medicine, philos­ of the country. They have little doubt that I don't want to see that happen to anyone. ophy, and theology are unable to arrive this basic approach is the only one that re­ at any consensus, the judiciary, at this From a woman in North Dartmouth: point in the development of man's solves the conflict between energy and en­ I urge you to support a Human Life vironment while increasing the quality of Amendment. Why not allow this most con­ knowledge, is not in a position to specu­ life. troversial subject to be decided by the peo­ late as to the answer." The energy crisis is "an insurmountabl~ ple-not by seven men who are not even Congress and the State legislatures, opportunity," summarizes Prof. Donald w. elected to their offices! Why should t.hose having no more or different information Aitken of San Jose State University, the seven justices dictate the law ... ? campus with the largest solar energy con­ available to them, are in no better po­ struction program in the United States.e A doctor from our district wrote: sition to speculate on the subject than It Abortion is a solution, however unsatisfac­ the High Court. seems to me that those tory, to the problem of unwanted pregnan­ who advocate a constitutional amend­ ABORTION-A MATTER OF cies. Yet those who are most adamant against ment banning abortion would be com­ CONTROVERSY abortions are the very ones who are prevent­ pelling every woman to accept the view ing the use of contraceptives. I find it both that a constitutionally protected person pathetic and ironic that the very people who exists from the "moment of conception," HON. GERRY E. STUDDS object to abortions are doing nothing to re­ even when such a view conflicts with an OF MASSACHUSETTS move the root cause of abortion. individual woman's religious or moral IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES From a couple in Weymouth: views. In view of the personal nature of Wednesday, April 12, 1978 We feel abortion is morally wrong, and find this question, and the lack of a clear it galling to support it with our tax dollars. national consensus on the issue, I believe • Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, the issue Social and economic alternatives to abor­ it is wisest for the Government not to of abortion is one of the most controver­ tion, such as unrestricted access to birth intrude-but rather to leave the decision sial, emotionally charged, and socially control, better sex education, and a guaran­ of abortion to the conscience of each complex concerns we face. It is an issue teed family income should be developed, to­ woman and the judgment of her physi­ very poorly suited to rational political gether with a streamlining of the Byzantine debate, and yet it is one upon which procedures for adoption. cian. Members of Congress have been re­ We are both active in the Pro-Life move­ The elimination of Federal medicaid ment but try to be realistic. There are many funds for abortions has been the most peatedly asked to vote. inequalities still remaining in our society recent focus of the abortion controversy. Deep divisions on this issue exist and they must be removed to allow all of our I opposed the adoption of the so-called throughout our Nation, and feelings in citizens to live a life of dignity. Hyde amendment last December be­ the 12th Congressional District of Mas­ However, it is our opinion that abortion cause I believe that it discriminates sachusetts are no exception. Letters is looked upon by many as a panacea, and against those who do not possess the which I have recently received express if it is looked upon as such it would be eloquently and thoughtfully the concerns merely another cosmetic approach to prob­ financial resources needed to obtain a lems. medically safe abortion. It establishes, in of those on either side of the question. practical terms, a system whereby the I would like to share with you some From a newlywed man in our district: rich can obtain abortions legally, while examples from my ft.le of these letters : My wife and I are young newly weds; we poor women are forced to either bear From a man in Centerville: have just started our lives together a few children against their will, or to choose I fervently pray that you will vote against months ago. We did not expect or intend to conceive a child, which has happened, and the grim alternative of seeking an illegal, any effort to deny to poor persons the neces­ cheap abortion. sary funds to have an elective abortion. To do we are not ready to become parents-we can­ this would be an outrageous denial of the not afford to physically, mentally or mone­ I believe that the proper role of Con­ most basic human right and in my opinion, tarily. gress should be to insure that no coer­ despite what the Supreme Court has ruled, I cannot explain the comfortable feeling cive laws on the subject of abortion are would violate the equal protection clause of I have as I write you this letter, from (an enacted. Instead, we should make a new the Constitution. abortion clinic) in Boston, in a bright clean, well-lit waiting room, knowing my lady is in and constructive commitment in pro­ A New Bedford man told us: good hands-instead of in some alley hoping grams and funds to provide alternatives I do not want my tax money to be used like hell the strange man will bring my lady to abortion in the form of family plan­ to finance abortions, legal or otherwise, sim­ back to me in a healthy condition ... you ning through contraception, pregnancy ply because I do not believe in killing, or ter­ see, I love her. counseling, and humane foster child minating a pregnancy. There is no way any­ Mr. Speaker, these are only a few of and adoption programs.• one can terminate a pregnancy without ter­ the many letters I have received on this minating a life and there is no way anyone subject. can terminate a life without killing someone! Please do not use my money for killing! The diversity of opinion is very clear and very strong. RALPH BUCHMAN-CONSCIENTIOUS In South Dartmouth, a woman said: Our most respected religious leaders CITIZEN AND OUTSTANDING EDU­ The number of coat-hanger abortions is are deeply divided on the issue of abor­ CATOR going to increase terribly if Medicaid refuses tion. Certainly, no national consensus to fund non-therapeutic abortions. It is dis­ exists on either the question of a consti­ gusting that a worn.an unable to afford a tutional amendment, prohibiting abor­ HON. MICHAEL T. BLOUIN medical abortion will have to resort to this tions, or on the question of public finan­ OF IOWA method to avoid giving birth to an unwanted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES baby. Abortion is not a luxury that is exclu­ cing of abortions for the poor. sively the right of the financially able. It is As I have been telling those of my con­ Wednesday, April 12, 1978 a pressing social, economic, and emotional stituents who ask that I take a stand • Mr. BLOUIN. Mr. Speaker, on Sun­ need for women of all ages. against abortion: day, April 16, it will be my privilege to A man from Marshfield wrote: I understand the strong convictions take part in a tribute to one of Iowa's I agree with the editor of a well-known which prompt many people to oppose the most conscientious citizens and outstand­ magazine when he wrote: "Anyone who kills procedure of abortion, and I respect their ing educators-Mr. Ralph Buchman. 9940 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 Mr. Buchman, or Buck to his friends "Square Off" is a weekly panel of cur­ more, has been judged so successful that it and associates, has decided to leave rent events. That description applies to is the principal model on which the Depart­ many public affairs programs-pro­ ment of Labor is basing Federal strategies Epworth, Iowa, and the Western for lowering unemployment to be contained Dubuque High School after 29 years, grams that in many instances are put in Title VII of the revised Comprehensive most of them in the dual role of principal together with little thought and little Employment Training Act, on which Con­ and athletic director. interest to the viewer; but "Square Off" gressional action ls expected by the middle of When he ftrst came to Epworth in is different. Each week four Balti­ next month. 1949, it was a small independent high moreans, chosen from a group of 12, dis­ The program here has turned out metal school with no more than 100 students. cuss the issues in the news of the past finishers, carpenters, welders, lab techni­ A decade later a merger of some similar week. The discussion is often heated. cians, underwriters, butchers, bookkeepers, It offset press operators, locksmiths, mechanics, schools produced the Western Dubuque The panelists' views are strongly held. and carpet layers, to name only a few job Community School District and Ralph is not, by any means, a predictable pub­ categories. Buchman became principal and athletic lic affairs program with people who hold Of 1,122 on-the-job training slots last year director of a high school with 1,100 predictable views. in 209 occupations, 258 were professional and students in grades 9 through 12. The panelists include a school admin­ technical, 213 were clerical and sales, 213 Taking in parts of ftve counties, the istrator, a senior citizens activist, college were in machine trades and the rest involved Western Dubuque system is the largest professors, lawyers, a social worker, a struct ural, benchwork, servicing and process­ housewife, a radio personality, and a ing jobs. school district m- April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9941 pared to an average salary of $8,100 per year nificantly to our advancement as one of Southwest Conference, but top basket­ for a person who gets straight vocational the great powers of the world. In the ball teams as well. training in school a.nd $8,000 for a family of past, New Jersey has been noted for the I am a graduate of the University of four on welfare, including food stamps and scientific achievements of Thomas Alva Texas; furthermore, the University of Medicaid." Edison. Now the time has come to pay Texas at Austin is in my congressional "A FANTASTIC IDEA" special tribute to another inventor from district. So, with great pride I note the An employer in the program, Gary Majer the Garden State who contributed im­ winning of the National Invitation Tour­ of the Abbott Metals Corporation, said the mensely to our country's growth by re­ nament by the Texas Longhorn basket­ program was a "fantastic idea. We couldn't solving a communication problem that ball team. The NIT is a prestige affair afford to hire people who weren't trained, but and its winner each year is a top ftight with the Government helping this way, we had baffled scientists for over a century. are pleased to give jobs to people who really In 1973, Gerald A. O'Brien, of Jersey team. want to work." City, N.J., developed the "tap trans­ I might add that the Texas team did Mr. Majer points to an 85 percent success ducer," a modified version of the tele­ not slip by to victory, but won its games rate with the primarily Hispanic trainees at graph which acts as a voice transmitter with strong margins of victory. his concern who help construct postal a.nd without all the intricate mechanism of On April 7, 1978, the governing body hospital carts, rifle racks and food-warming Mr. Bell's telephone. In doing this, Mr. of the University of Texas System, the equipment. O'Brien not only contributed valuable Board of Regents, passed a resolution of One of the Chicago program's trainees, appreciation to the team and its leader, Georgia Trezrant, works with the American knowledge to science, but also provided Friends' Service Committee in their "Moth­ a means for creating energy conserving the irrepressible Abe Lemons. ers in Prison" program. communication for an energy conscious I include the resolution in the RECORD "I was incarcerated myself," she said. people. and add that it echoes the sentiments of "This job makes me feel so good to know O'Brien's tap transducer looks very millions of Texans: I can help someone who is in the same sit­ much like Morse's original telegraph but RESOLUTION uation I was in." works at a much faster rate so that it can Whereas, the 1978 Longhorn Basketball As the outreach worker for the group, she Team, through skill, determination, hard helps find clothing, housing a.nd food for transmit a voice much further and loud­ work, individual and team effort, completed the children of imprisoned women, who do er than the telephone, using one-third the season with a winning record equal to not hesitate to call her if they are released the energy. The tap transducer can also the highest in the history of The University at night and need a place to sleep. Her em­ be used to detect earthquakes and find and went on to become Co-Champions of ployers say she is more effective than anyone defects in airplanes and machinery. It the the Southwest Conference and Cham­ else they have ha.d in the position because has many communicative possibilities pions of the National Invitation Tourna­ she relates so well to her clients. that will make communication less ex­ ment, the first post-season national cham­ Another trainee, Marina Sue Escamilla., pionship for any Southwest Conference bas­ went through basic training in the Air pensive and wasteful. ketball team, and Force, but when they wanted to put her into Born in 1935, Gerald O'Brien gradu­ Whereas, this athletic achievement was office work, she asked for a discharge. "I like ated from St. Patrick's elementary school brought about under the leadership of Coach to be outside," she said. As a CETA school in Jersey City and then, after 1 year Abe Lemons, whose wit, hard work and pro­ aide at the Joseph Jungman school she is of high school, entered the work force. fessional skill earned him designation as Co­ inside and out with the youngest Mexican­ Despite his limited formal education, Mr. coa.ch of the Year by the National Associa­ born pupils every day. O'Brien displayed an ingenious talent tion of Basketball Coaches, and The Chicago Alliance of Business-Man­ Whereas, Jim Krivacs and Ron Baxter were power Services program was one of 10 Chicago for solving complicated engineering named Co-Most Valuable Players of the Na­ employment efforts that were lauded by the problems. tional Invitation Tournament, the first time New York City-based Committee for Eco­ That talent was also evidenced in his in twenty five years that two players have nomic Development in a recent report. other patented inventions which should been given this honor, and According to William Hewitt, who heads not go unnoticed. These include a porta­ Whereas, Ron Baxter and John Moore were the Labor Department's Employment Evalu­ ble voice generator that aided deaf mutes selected as All Southwest Conference Players, ation and Research Sections, Title VII of and the revised CETA is to have as its centerpiece in communication and an electromag­ Whereas, the entire Longhorn Basketball the inclusion-for the first time-of private netic amplifier sound transducer used Team has demonstrated those qualities of employers in the design, development aud to convert acoustical waves into ampli­ character, sportsmanship and teamwork approval of training programs. fied electrical waves. which represent the highest ideals in inter­ "Since everyone looks to the private sector Mr. Gerald O'Brien deserves credit for collegiate sports, to provide jobs, we plan to build a mecha­ Now, therefore, be it resolved that the nism through which it will have a voice in his accomplishments and the role they play in keeping ours a well-informed and Board of Regents of the University of Texas the development of training programs. Train­ System this 7th day of April, 1978, does ex­ ing people for positions the businesses do intelligent society. More importantly, press its appreciation for the excellence not want would be futile and we can't wait however, he has proved to be an out­ manifested in the performance of the 1978 until people are trained before we start look­ standing citizen in his pursuit for a Longhorn Basketball Team, the leadership ing for jobs for them," he said. progressive, modernized system for and inspiration of Coach Lemons and his Under Title VII, a national business coun­ communication.• staff, and the notable recognition brought cil would be established to help develop to the University by those who played the programs and have a major voice in which game of basketball with distinction.e job efforts would receive funds, Mr. Hewitt THE LONGHORNS PLAY GREAT said. B-BALL Not everyone, however, is as enthusiastic STATE DEPARTMENT RECEIVES about the program as Mr. Hewitt and the LIST OF POLITICAL PRISONERS Chicago sponsors. One thing that has held J. up Congressional action on Title VII is strong HON. J. PICKLE AND MISSING PERSONS IN AR­ opposition from traditional prime sponsors OF TEXAS GENTINA of such operations-city and county govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ments. Neverthless, when Congress does take action, the Chicago influence is expected to Wednesday, April 12, 1978 HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN be felt.e • Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, for the past OF MASSACHUSETTS 20 years, most critics scoffed at basket­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TRIBUTE TO GERALD A. O'BRIEN, ball as played in the Southwest Athletic Wednesday, April 12, 1978 INVENTOR OF TAP TRANSDUCER Conference. When the fall came, a lot of folks put a University of Texas or an • Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, the Gov­ Arkansas, and so forth, in the top 10 of ernment of Argentina continues to de­ HON. JOSEPH A. LE FANTE tain thousands of political prisoners, football teams; but when winter rolled most of them without specific charge and OF NEW JERSEY around, it was a different view-the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES without trial. Compounding this injus­ Southwest teams were sometime the tice, Argentina's military rulers have re­ Wednesday, April 12, 1978 doormat, or nearly that. fused repeated requests to release a com­ • Mr. LE FANTE. Mr. Speaker, the de­ In the past 3 years, this has been turn­ prehensive list of individuals detained velopment of communications through­ ing the ether way. Now, not only are and their status. Thousands of families out our Nation's history contributed sig- great football teams coming from the agonize over the fate of their relatives, 9942 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 not knowing if they are in prison, where rationale for the draconian security Vance's personal request, made during his they are jailed, whether they have been measures adopted by the military gov­ trip to Argentina last year, for information on the situation of prisoners included in the charged with a crime, what their physi­ ernment, Argentina's rulers retain those list which he presented to the local authori­ cal condition is, or even whether they are measures and seemingly ignore the right­ ties during his visit. This list, originally pre­ alive or are among the ranks of the "dis­ wing terrorists responsible for so much pared by the Argentine Information and appeared," presumably victims of the violence. Service Center, has now been updated, ex­ right-wing paramilitary forces who seem I commend to the attention of my col­ panded and corrected to include nearly 10,000 to operate with impunity. leagues Mr. Birns' excellent letter to names. Meanwhile, prison conditions have con­ On March 29, the Council on Hemi­ Deputy Secretary Christopher, and I tinued to deteriorate in Argentina leading to spheric Affairs, in conjunction with the hope that the State Department will con­ protests and violent confrontations between Argentine Information Service Center, tinue to push vigorously for a compre­ prisoners and security forces. La.st March 14, hand delivered to Deputy Secretary of hensive accounting of all political prison­ 165 prisoners in Wing No. 7 of the Villa. De­ State Warren M. Christopher the most ers in Argentina. voto prison on the outskirts of Buenos Aires comprehensive list to date of Argentin­ The letter fallows: began to protest, peacefully, prison-living ians who are political prisoners or who COUNCIL ON HEMISPHERIC AFFAIRS, conditions. After a. series of still-to-be-clari­ have disappeared. They also presented New York. N.Y., Mar. 29, 1978. fied events, 61 prisoners were dead and many Mr. WARREN CHRISTOPHER, more were seriously injured. There is evi­ Mr. Christopher with a letter describing dence contradicting the official government the need for action and expressing the Deputy Secretary of State, Department of State, Washington. D.C. version that only common criminals died, hope that the list of 10,000 names would DEAR SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER: We are and that they died of smoke inhalation and be transmitted to the Argentine au­ writing you at this time to express our ap­ not gunfire. thorities. preciation to you for your efforts to improve Irrespective of how these people died or Deputy Secretaf1J Christopher assured the human rights situation in Latin Amer­ what was their status, these events should ica, and specifically in Argentina. We also be seen as an indication of the deplorable representatives of the two groups that conditions reigning in Argentine prisons and the list would be forwarded to Raul Cas­ wish to use this note to you to comment on some recent developr.ients in Argentina, and the desperation of the imprisoned. However, tro, U.S. Ambassador to Argentina, and to offer some recommendations regarding the there is every reason to believe that at least that all efforts would be made to bring plight of political prisoners and their rela­ some a.t the Villa Devoto prison were killed the list to the attention of the Argentine tives in that country. by security forces and, as the attached list Government. The executive and legislative branches of might illustrate, at least some may have been the U.S. Government have taken numerous political prisoners. In his letter to Mr. Christopher, the Given the critical nature of the situation, Council on Hemispheric Affairs' director, initiatives intended to encourage greater respect for basic human rights by the Argen­ we would hope that you would be moved to Laurence R. Birns, points out that the tine military government. The termination instruct Ambassador Castro to provide the Argentine Government has failed to re­ of military aid programs, the restriction of Argentine Government with the new updated spond, publicly or privately, to Secretary sales of certain military materiel, and the and expanded list of political prisoners and of State Vance's personal request for in­ negative votes of the U.S. in the interna­ disappeared persons and request, once a.gain, formation about individuals on a some­ tional lending institutions have all played a information about their places of detention what less comprehensive list which he significant role in impressing Argentine au­ and the charges against them. We also hope thorities of the serious importance that the that you would see the merit of the U.S. con­ presented to the Government during his tinuing to vote against multilateral loans to recent stay in Argentina. Meanwhile, ar­ U.S. attributes to that nation's human rights practices. Argentina. until a noticeable improvement rests without charge or trial and un­ Last November, Secretary of State Cyrus takes place in the human rights situation explained disappearances continue to Vance delivered to the Government of Argen­ there, and actively encourage other nations take place regularly. tina a list of persons imprisoned, disappeared, to join the U.S. in these initiatives. In this Mr. Speaker, the failure of Argentina's or killed for political reasons, and formally spirit, we also wish to raise the desira.bi11ty asked the Argentine military authorities to of suspending all sales and deliveries of mili­ military rulers to take the simple hu­ tary material to Argentine until congres­ manitarian step of announcing those supply the U.S. government with information as to the charges against them, and their sional as well as executive inquiries on press­ whom it has arrested and detained in­ places of detention. Other governments, the ing human rights matters are satisfactorily definitely for so-called "political of­ United Nations' Human Rights Commission, answered. fenses" stands as one of the most cruel and the Inter-American Commission on Finally, given the status of political pris­ violations of fundamental human rights Human Rights also have made similar in­ oners in the country, we hope that the ad­ in a world already overburdened with quiries. ministration will encourage the immediate Unfortunately, there bas been no response implementation of the pa.role visa. program such abuses. The regular disappearance recently recommended by the Attorney Gen­ of many individuals, apparently with at to these concerns, and no real improvement in the human rights situation in Argentina. eral for political prisoners and others wish­ least the tacit approval if not the out­ Kidnappings continue to take place, and ing to leave Argentina., and that no respite right complicity of the Government, right wing terrorist groups within the se­ take place in the sanctions that have been makes even more cruel the refusal to list curity forces continue to act with total im­ taken against the Argentine government political prisoners, as the families of punity despite the fact that the government until significant, rather than token, change many cannot know if their relatives are has shown great efficiency in eliminating in the current situation occurs. alive or dead. left-wing subversion. LAURENCE R. BmNs, Director.e I was a member of an Amnesty Inter­ As an ostensible concession to this U.S. national mission investigating the hu­ human rights concern, the Government of Argentina published the names of several man rights situation in Argentina. The thousand poUtical detainees. This gesture BUDGET SHORTAGE FOR VETERANS report of that November 1976 visit con­ was seen by some officials in this country as MEDICAL PROGRAM cluded: an indication of a new trend towards mod­ The state of martial law in force deprives eration on the part of the local authorities. HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE all the citizens in Argentina of their most In our view these hopes were premature, fundamental civil and political rights, their i! not overly optimistic. Few prisoners are ac­ OF TEXAS constitutional guarantees. What it means in tually being released while new arrests and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES practice is that merely on suspicion of sub­ disappearances continue. As for the names of Wednesday, April 12, 1978 version, a citizen may be arrested or ab­ prisoners which had been published, a care­ ducted, held for a long period incommuni­ ful examination of those listed shows that •Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, letters con­ cado, tortured and perhaps even put to the majority of them had been detained dur­ tinue to reach my office from grassroot death. He has no legal safeguards against ing the administration of Mrs. Isabel Peron, these measures. America which show a deep concern that prior to the military takeover of March 1976. the Congress fulfill its commitment that It is evident that the situation in The Argentine Government actually dis­ closed little information a.bout the thousands America's veterans are provided the best Argentina since release of that report by of persons who have disappeared in the last possible medical care for those that we Amnesty International, recipient of this two years, and actually denies having any owe our very existence to as a free Na­ year's Nobel Peace Prize, has not im­ knowledge of the fate of most of them. tion. These letters bring to my atten­ proved. While boasting of having virtu­ It should be noted that the Argentine tion the lack of adequate funds to con­ ally wiped out the left-wing terrorists Government has failed to respond, either tinue to provide quality care for Ameri­ whose existence provided the stated publicly or privately, to Secretary of State can veterans in VA health care facilities. April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9943 For over 31 years the veterans medi­ veterans will benefit from such a continua­ hits the poor, isn't the great income leveler cal program has sought to affiliate its tion. that it is commonly thought to be, accord­ hospitals with the approved schools of Thank you. ing to new figures. Sincerely yours, While the income tax does take propor· medicine in this country. The reason for JARVIS E. MILLER, tiona.lly more from wealthier taxpayers than this was to improve the quality of care President. from less a.fluent ones, it has relatively lit­ the veteran receives while at the same tle effect on the distribution of income in time providing the clinical facilities to APRIL 3, 1978. this country. the medical schools to increase both the Mr. JARVIS E. MILLER, It's only when government "-transfer pay­ quality and quantity of medical educa­ President, ments"-such as Socia.I Security benefits, tion. This partnership is unique in the Texas A. & M. University, welfare and other major programs-are in­ annals of government and has not only College Station, Tex. cluded that the system actually shifts sig­ DEAR MR. MILLER: Thank you for your letter nificant a.mounts of income from the rich benefited the veteran but the Nation as of March 13th regarding the curtailment of a whole. to the poor. the medical research program at Temple. And even that is offset to a large degree To illustrate the shortsightedness of We are very concerned with the President's by the impact of federal Social Security the administration's budget for fiscal proposed budget for medical and prosthetic taxes and state and local taxes. When all year 1979. there is attached a recent let­ research. Unless funds are restored by the federal, state and local taxes and benefits ter I received on the subject of the VA Appropriations Committees of the Congress, we understand the research programs in some a.re considered, the system is only virtually research budget from President Jarvis 53 hospitals will be drastically curtailed or proportional-with most taxpayers bearing E. Miller of Texas A. & M. University, terminated altogeth$.l". This cannot be al­ about the same tax burden. together with my response. lowed to happen. These conclusions a.re based on statistics Chairman RAY ROBERTS of the Vet­ We are doing everything possible to see compiled from several sources-the Treas­ erans Affairs Committee and the rank­ that these funds are restored. The Commit­ ury, the congressional Joint Committte on tee on Veterans' Affairs is recommending an Taxation and computer studies by the Brook­ ing minority member of that commit­ ings Institution. Experts caution that the fig­ tee, the Honorable JOHN PAUL HAMMER­ additional $18.3 million over the funding level requested by the President for medical ures a.re not precise, but they're the best SCHMIDT, wrote each member a personal and prosthetic research. It is a well known that a.re available. letter on February 28, 1978 outlining the fact that the research conducted by the The ineffectiveness of the federal income additional requirements. The Congress Veterans Administration has produced ex­ tax system in redistributing income stems must act both through the first concur­ cellent results. As you know, two full-time from its basic structure: rent budget resolution and through the VA employees recently received the Nobel Although wealthier persons a.re taxed at Appropriations Committee to provide Prize for medicine, and this is no time to higher rates than poorer ones-and pay the adequate funds for the veterans medical cut back in an area so vital to the Veterans lion's share of the total income tax tab­ program. While I personally am of the Administration medical program. ta.xpa.yers in almost all brackets wind up opinion that all veterans programs are The research progrMn also enhances the with roughly the same portion of the na­ recruitment and retention of physicians in tion's income pie after income taxes as they based on congressional commitment and the VA System. had before. needs, there is none of them as impor­ I share your concern and will do everything A major reason is that while the effective tant and essential to veterans and the I can to see that the research program is tax rates vary somewhat for persons in dif­ Nation as this outstanding health care continued at the Temple VA Center. ferent income bracke.ts, they aren't sharply delivery system. I ask all Members to I appreciate your letter and shall make higher or lower except fur those in the very familiarize themselves to these needs your views known to both the Appropriations top or bottom brackets-groups that may and to support the provision of these Committee and the Committee on the be extremely rich or poor but comprise rela­ additional funds: Budget. tively small numbers of taxpayers. Sincerely, For the large group of taxpayers in the 'I'ExAs A. & M. UNIVERSITY, $10,000 to $30,000 income bracket the effec­ College Station, Tex., March 13, 1978. OLIN E. TEAGUE, Member of Congress.e tive federal tax rates vary very little, from Hon. OLIN E. TEAGUE, a low of 9 percent to a high of 13.8 per­ U.S. House of Representatives, Rayburn cent. Above that, the rates rise to 17, 24, 29 Building, Washington, D.C. INEFFECTIVE FEDERAL TAX SYS­ and 30 percent-but only 5 percent of tax­ DEAR Ma. TEAGUE: Your participation and payers fall in that group. attendance at our military weekend festivi­ TEM EXPOSED The figures provided by the Joint Commit­ ties on Saturday, March 4 was certainly ap­ tee on Taxation show these results: preciated. As per our conversation, the recent The richest one-fourth of American proposed actions by the Veterans Adminis­ HON. BRUCE F. VENTO households-those with incomes t>f $17,000 a tration Central Office regarding the curtail­ OF MINNESOTA year or higher-took home 55.5 percent of ment of core research funding at the Temple IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the income in this country in 1977. After Veterans Administration Center is of serious federal income taxes, they still bad 53.2 per­ concern. We view the proposed reduction Wednesday, April 12, 1978 cent. This is so despite that fa.ct that they with alarm since it will have potentially se­ •Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today paid 74.3 percent of all persona.I income vere consequences for the Temple VAC and truces. for the College of Medicine at Texas A. & M. to commend Washington Post staff writer Art Pine for his March 27 article The poorest one-fourth-wage earners University. ma.king less than $5,000 a year-received 4.6 The College of Medicine and the Temple that so effectively refutes the common percent of the income that year. After fed­ Veterans Administration Center are cooperat­ notion that our progressive Federal in­ eral income taxes, their share rose to 5.2 ing as partners in the development of a col­ come tax system results in a major re­ percent. (These taxpayers paid less than 0.1 lege of medicine program under the authority distribution of income between wealthy percent of personal income taxes.) of PL 92-541 (the Teague-Cranston Bill) . To and poor taxpayers. Those in the richest 5 percent of the accomplish our goals in medical education country-taxpayers with incomes of $30,000 and care of our veterans, we have made a pri­ Through studies by the Treasury, the or more--earned 22.1 percent of the income mary and continuing commitment to im­ congressional Joint Committee on Tax­ in 1977. After federal income taxes, they still prove the academic and research environ­ ation, and the Brookings Institution, had 19.7 percent of all income. (These fig­ ment at the Temple VAC. We have invested Mr. Pine has compiled statistics which ures include all income from ca.pita.I ga.ins­ faculty effort and funds from PL 92-541 to clearly indicate that taxpayers in all profits from the sale of stocks or other accomplish this and view the deletion of core brackets realize about the same portion assets.) research funding at the Temple VAC as a of the Nation's total income distribution The richest half of American households serious hindrance to the attainment of our after income taxes as they had before. received 82.1 percent of all inct>me before mutual goals. I believe the education of fu­ taxes. After taxes, they still held 80.4 percent. ture physicians and, ultimately, the care of This analysis certainly lends credence For the poorest half, the income tax boosted our veterans, will suffer serious consequences to the view that the progressivity of our their share only modestly, to 19.6 percent, from such a deletion. Federal income tax system is not what from 17.9 percent before taxes. (The dividing it is commonly thought to be. Mr. point between these groups was an income We have requested a waiver from the Vet­ of $10,000 a year.) erans Administration Central Office !or the Speaker, I insert this article into the Moreover, figures compiled by Benjamin Temple VAC; however, indications are that RECORD: A. Okner, a former Brookings tax specialist this is not likely to be granted. We request INCOME TAX DOESN'T REDISTRIBUTE U.S. now at the Treasury Department, show that your assistance in assuring continuation of WEALTH when all federal, state and local taxes a.re these funds for the Temple VAC. The educa­ The progressive federal income tax, which taken into account, even this modest income tion of Texas physicians and the care of our is supposed to hit the rich harder than it redistribution is almost totally offset. CXXIV--626-Part 8 9944 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 Using 1970 income levels, Okner has esti­ percentage terms, it often can mean substan­ careful consideration to the serious im­ mated the share of national income held by tial dollar losses for some taxpayers. plications of the situation discussed in the poorest fifth of the population edges from For example, for taxpayers in the $17,000- this article: 4.9 percent to 5 percent, while that of the a-year bracket and up, the income tax pro­ [From the New York Times, Apr. 9, 1978] richest fifth moves from 45.8 percent to 44 duces a shift of only 2.3 percentage points. percent. In dollar terms, however, that amounts to a BENEATH THE STREETS, OLD CITIES CRUMBLE The biggest changes stem from govern - change of $22.3 billion-or an average $5,000 AND DECAY ment transfer payments, such as Social Secu­ e. taxpayer. (By John Herbers) rity and welfare benefits. When these are By contrast, for those in the $5,000-and­ America's large, old cities are facing a included, the income share of the poorest below brackets, the income tax produces a hidden and largely ignored problem under fifth of the population nearly doubles, to 8.2 gain of 0.7 percentage points. However, be­ their streets-an uncharted maze of aging percent, while that of the richest fifth moves cause there a.re so many more taxpayers in water mains, sewer lines and other subter­ from 45.8 percent to 44. that category, the already scant amount is ranean facilities that have deteriorated to FEDERAL INCOME TAX DISTRIBUTION UNDER 1977 spread even thinner. The increase amounts to the point where they threaten public health LAW FOR 1976 INCOME LEVELS $263 a taxpayer. and safety. Filers earning under $10,000: Represent Along with the fact that the tax rates vary A rash of recent failures in such systems, 50 percent of all filers; receive 17.9 percent so little for the bulk of American taxpayers, which had been neglected for decades as of all income before taxes; pay 5.7 percent there are other factors that tend to reduce cities struggled to deal with an overwhelm­ o! all taxes; end up with 19.6 percent of all the impact of the income tax system in shift­ ing social and financial burden, has focused income after taxes. ing income between rich and poor taxpayers. attention on the threat that they represent Filers earning over $10,000: Represent To begin with, the tax rates so often cited­ and raised the prospect of new demands on 50 percent of all filers; receive 82.1 percent the 14 to 70 percent minimum and maxi­ the Federal treasury by municipalities of all income before taxes; pay 94.3 percent mum-are only the marginal rates, and do around the nation. of all taxes; end up with 80.4 percent of all not apply to all of a taxpayer's income. (The Boston is losing half its fresh water income after taxes. first several thousand dollars is taxed at a. through leaky pipes at a cost of $7 m1llion Filers earning over $17,000: Represent lower rate than the second, and so on.) a year. New York and other cities have had 25 percent of all filers; receive 55.5 percent As a result, the effective tax rates that serious water main breaks. Inadequate sew­ of all income before taxes; pay 74.3 percent various income groups pay-the percentage ers in San Fra.nc1sco resulted in 80 overflow of all taxes; end up with 53.2 percent of all of income that taxpayers actually pay in incidents last year in which raw sewage was income after taxes. taxes-is substantially lower, ranging from flushed into the bay in violation of Federal Filers earning over $30,000: Represent 5.5 percent in the $5,000-to-$10,000 brackets law. 5 percent of all filers; receive 22.1 percent to a maximum of 30 percent in the $200,000- Ground water seeps into the sanitary and-over bracket. sewers of Baltimore, overload1ng treatment of all income before taxes; pay 39.3 percent Then, too, taxpayers in higher brackets get fac111tles. A few months ago, a small Phila­ of all taxes; end up with 19.7 percent of all a larger share of the tax breaks and deduc­ delphia boy drowned in an underpass where income after taxes. tions-a factor that tends to reduce the the storm sewers were not sufficient to Source: Joint Committee on Taxation. amount of taxes they have to pay. For ex­ handle the runoff. These findings were bolstered in an up­ ample, only half the income from capital Many billions of dollars would be required dated study by another Brookings tax gains is subject to taxation. to update the antiquated network of pipes, analyst, Joseph J. Minarik, using 1977 data. The question is, if the income tax system cables, tunnels and manholes that strain to Minarik found the federal income tax bur­ is taxing middle- and upper-income groups support an increasingly technological so­ den varied only slightly last year for house­ at higher rates, and it isn't redistributing ciety. holds in the $17,000 to $50,000 brackets­ that income to the poor, where is the money The Joint Economic Committee of Con­ ra.nging between 10 and 17 percent. going? gress, noting a. decllne in ca.pita.I expendi­ When the employe's share of Social Secu­ The answer: Into government coffers, tures for such urban networks as streets rity payroll taxes and state and local taxes where some is spent on social benefits (which and bridges, said in a. recent report that of all sorts were included, the figures showed go mainly to the poor) and some on genera.I the neglect "appears to be the single the tax burden ls proportional for most of government. But the tax system itself, while greatest problem facing our nation's the nation's households. Everyone in the progressive, ls only modestly so.e cities." The new urban policy announced $8,000 to $50,000 categories paid roughly 30 Ia.st month by President Carter, which to 32 percent of his income in taxes. called for more "targeting" of Federal The reason is that the mild progressivity OLD CITIES CRUMBLE AND DECAY funds into the central cities, was based of the federal income tax ls offset entirely in part on the emerging realization that by Social Security and state and local taxes, new outlays are needed to rebuild the urban which tend to hit lower-income fammes HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD underground. proportionally harder. State and local sales OF PENNSYLVANIA However, the extent of the need ls not and excise taxes, for example, took 3.8 per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES yet known nationally because many cities cent of a $50,000-a-year family's income in do not know what is in the complex of 1977, but 10.7 percent of the earnings of a Wednesday, April 12, 1978 wires, pipes, cables, tunnels and conduits $5,000-a-year household. • Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. under their busiest arteries or exactly where Minarik's study shows that the federal that complex is. The original plans have income tax has become somewhat more pro­ Mr. Speaker, one of the most serious and been lost in some cases and have grown in­ gressive in the past 11 years-both because least discussed problems facing our Na­ accurate in others as fac111tles were expanded of recent changes in the tax law and the tion's cities is the deterioration of their haphazardly. The conditions of some systems fact that inflation has pushed taxpayers into infrastructure. In city after city, the becomes known only when trouble bubbles to higher brackets, where their income is taxed maintenance and repair of roads, streets the surface. more heavily. And taxpayers in all groups and sewers is being deferred. Boston's To assess the problem nationally, the De­ are paying proportionally more in taxes. water pipes are leaking a large volume partment of Housing and Urban Develop­ However, the increased progressivity in the of their fresh water supply, San Fran­ ment has commissioned the Urban Institute federal income tax has been offset by the in Washington to conduct an 18-month cisco's inadequate sewers resulted in study and to report its findings as it proceeds. rising share of the tax burden going to Social numerous overflows last year and in, Security and state and local taxes. As a re­ perhaps, the most serious incident to CITIES ON "TIME BOMBS" sult, the total tax burden-federal, state and date, New York City's West Side High­ George E. Peterson, director of finances for local-still is proportional. the institute and the head of its study, said The combination of these figures appears way collapsed from disrepair. that the extremes range from East St. Louis, to dispute one of the long-standing impres­ Initially, fiscal strain resulted in a Ill., where the state took over the dilapidated sions about the federal income tax-specifi­ cutback of operating expenditures. city infrastructure, to Dallas, where com­ cally that it ls so progressive that it results When these reductions did not eliminate puters are used to find failures before they in a major redistribution of income between the fiscal problems, capital expenditures happen. In between, he said, are a lot of cities wealthier taxpayers and poorer ones. were also reduced. These reductions in sitting on""a time bomb." Joseph A. Pechman, the Brookings Insti­ capital expenditures have continued at A spot check of some large and intermedi­ tution's top tax expert, says the effect of the an increasing rate. I fear our cities and ate cities around the country by The New income tax is redistributing income is small. our Nation face grave danger if these York Times disclosed that the trouble has "Substantial redistribution through the in­ been building for a long time. In most of come tax system is not very popular," he reductions continue. the nation's larger cities, sewer and water notes. Other tax authorities agree. The following is a copy of a recent lines were laid in the 19th century or early in Nevertheless, conservatives point out while article by John Herbers which appeared the 20th century, and some of them had a life the impact of the income tax is altering the in the New York Times entitled "Be­ expectancy of 50 to 75 years. portion of the income pie held by various neath the Streets, Old Cities Crumble In the 1930's, when modernization should categories of taxpayers may seem small in and Decay." I urge my colleagues to give have started, the Depression struck. In the April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9945 1940's there was World War II. In the 1950's their suburbs with water and sewage "Unless significant additional amounts of the cities began devoloping financial trouble disposal. state and Federal aid can be obtained," said as the white middle-class started moving to "When those sewers were built," said David Rossman, the former New York City the suburbs. In the 1960's the demands were Philadelphia's Water Commissioner, Carmen budget director who headed the Twentieth for solutions to social problems and in this Guarino, "you didn't have all the blacktop Century Fund study, "the city faces a. decade decade the emphasis has been on the employ­ all over. Now, there's no place for the water of serious deterioration in its vita.I physical ment of the poor and on public works proj­ to permeate. It all winds up in the sewers, support systems." ects usually unrelated to the infrastructure. and we haven't kept pace." The extent of the neglect is suggested in a Deterioration of the sewer lines is an ad­ report issued la.st year by the Twentieth ditional difficulty. In Boston, the ma.in inter­ CARTER GETS GOOD GRADE Century Fund for the City of New York, ceptor, where the pipes meet, has collapsed where facilities both above and below ground four times since 1961. There has been a. have reached a critical stage. For example the gaping hole more than 20 feet wide in Mas­ HON. DON EDWARDS report said that in addition to extensive work sachusetts Avenue since the last collapse, in OF CALIFORNIA needed on streets and bridges, the city had October. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1,000 miles of deteriorating sewers that THE MAZE should be replaced over 20 years. It suggested More than money is involved in correcting Wednesday, April 12, 1978 that 1,500 miles of new sewers be built at a. the difficulties. Major disruptions of urban 0 Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. cost of $310 million a. year. The list of prob­ life would be required to repair some of the lems with other facilities was similar. Speaker, observers and analysts tradi­ decay, partly because of underground tionally begin on election night with WATER MAINS congestion. evaluations and predictions of and about Many cities have cast iron water mains Only one major city, Memphis, is reported that have been weakened over the years by to be attempting to keep in one place maps Presidents-elect seldom waiting until the electrolysis or by acid in the soil. Boston, of all its underground facilities. In the oldest President-elect has been in office for any which began laying iron water mains in the cities it would be impossible because of what length of time, let alone until inaugura­ 1840's, has a system that carries 150 m1llion Charles Borruso of New England Telephone tion day tu publish their words of wis­ gallons of water a day, but loses 78 million Company in Boston called "the morass of dom and presumably be the first on rec­ gallons a day through leakage. Charles congestion." ord to be able to say "I told you so." Scales, chairman of the water and sewer com­ "A guy couldn't crawl through there," he I do not think it takes a scholar to mission, said that the entire system should said. "If you took all the dirt out, it would possess the kind of patience, temper­ have been replaced, "ideally, yesterday." But look like a. set of monkey bars." because of its financial situation the city can ance and good judgment usually re­ replace only 10 miles, or about one percent GROUND X-RAY MACHINE NEEDED served to "give a guy a chance" before of the 1,100-mile system each year. Theodore Andriotes, head of the bureau announcing Presidential evaluations, but Houston, a. newer city where pipes were of opera. tions for Bal ti more, said, "I often it certainly does not hurt. laid after the turn of the century, is better thought if someone would invent a. ground Prof. Reo M. Christenson of Miami off. It loses only 20 to 30 percent of its x-ray ma.chine so we could see what all we have down there, he would clean up." Universitv has written a letter to the purified water, but that still totals more editor of ·the Washington Post on April than 70 million gallons a. day. And because Under New York and Boston there a.re it is low and fiat, Houston has received a.bout abandoned pipes and cables from the last 11 which displays the sort of intellectual 3,600 water-damage complaints this year­ century. In some places, steam pipes that open-mindedness which I think many of compla.ints that lea.ks have destroyed lawns, heat up nearby telephone cables and ca.use us could benefit from in our haste to undermined sidewalks and caused driveways trouble. In many manholes, there is not judge, at the earliest possible moment, to cave in. enough room for cables to expand and con­ the performance of President Carter, or "In this neighborhood, if there isn't a. leak tract. In Pittsburgh, contractors on a new for that matter, any new officeholder: somewhere, we wonder," said Stanley Gafner, office building had to weave the foundation who lives in a middle class section of south­ a.round an unused railroad tunnel and an A PROFESSOR'S GRADE FOR CARTER: B TO B+ western Houston. underground spur of the long abandoned I have been teaching a. course on the presi­ Then there are the spectacular breaks, Pennsylvania. Barge Canal. In Boston, there dency for many years and naturally follow such as the one that occurred last January a.re sea.led off subway tunnels including a. Carter's administration closely. That doesn't at 63d Street and First Avenue in New York circuitious one known as the Burma Road. validate my opinion, but it seems to me that City, closing the Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive. FEDERAL AID Oarter is a. more capable president than his In Cleveland, a similar break in a February Not all cities are overburdened by troubles critics concede. snowstorm left an area of several blocks of underground. Dallas, in addition to using its It takes any presideint 12 to 18 months to the city isolated for several days. computerized system to forecast failures, has get colnfortable in the saddle; allowances established a regular replacement and main­ must be made for that-and especially for SEWERS e. non-Washingtonian like Darter. But as San Francisco, like a. number of other tenance program. Such cities as Chicago, De­ troit and Dayton, Ohio, which have multiple things look now, his proposed progra.Ins have cities, has a. combined sewage system--one almost invariably been intelligent ones, al­ pipe for both rainwater and human waste. social problems above ground, have reason­ ably efficient infrastructures. But over-all, though necessarily constricted by the fis~al In a. storm the :flow can grow to 50 times the bind and the antigovernment.al temper of normal rate. S. Myron Ta.tarian, director of Federal and local officials say, replacement and repair are not moving fast enough. the times. (And conditioned by the harsh public works, said that when there is heavy fact that no one-including Carter's critics­ rain, water and raw sewage pour directly into "Out of sight, out of mind," said Mr. Guar­ ino of Philadelphia. has good answers for today's most pressing the ocean and bay, bypassing even primary problems) . Certainly those progra.Ins are bet­ treatment. Most Federal a.id has gone for other pur­ ter than Congress is usually willing to accept! "This city ignored changing technology poses. Since 1972, the Environmental Pro­ And Carter ls apparently learning how to deal for 30 years," he said. "Bacteria. levels in the tection Agency has spent more than $17 bil­ with that unruly body, judging by his ex­ bay are enormous." lion on sewage treatment plants but little to tra.ordinary efforts on the Panama Canal. San Francisco is building a system of con­ repair or replace the lines lea.ding to the His human-rights posture bas yielded mod­ duits to hold the sewage in heavy rains and plants. est gains, perhaps as much as we could is planning more treatment plants; but in AGENCY PUSHES FOR IMPROVEMENTS rea.listioolly expect. He seems to be a com­ Providence, R.I., which also has a. combined The agency is using leverage to push the petent administrator, willing to delegate system, there is another kind of difficulty cities into fina.11cing their own improve­ authority to good people. On the latter point, and no solution in sight. In recent yea.rs low­ ments. For example, it has been holding up his selection of people like Andrus, Califano. lying areas of the city have been :flooding the financing for a. plant in the southeastern Young, Schultze, Marshall, Krebs, Strauss. after every rainstorm and the city is unable section of Philadelphia. until the city agrees Eisenstadt, Powell, Miller end Webster sug­ even to clean the sewers to obtain maximum to provide sewer lines that would end the gests that he is better at judging political :flow. infiltration of ground water which requires horseflesh than most of our presidents have "It would take 10 yea.rs to clean up all the additional capacity at the treatment plant. been. sewers in the city," said Joseph Vileno, an The city says it would take 10 yea.rs to make Carter is a. man of decency and integrity­ official in the Mayor's office. the requested repairs on its sewers, and the and it is about time we fo~used on what he SEWERS CANNOT HANDLE RUNOFF dispute has not been resolved. does. rather than harp endlessly on the con­ Baltimore has had :flooding, too, 0ecause President Carter's new urban policy is de­ trast between what he promised and what its storm sewers, which serve the entire signed to provide some help. It calls for re­ he now finds it possible to do. When he metropolitan area, cannot handle the runoff directing some funds from rural and subur­ defaults on a. promise, that should not be that has resulted from extensive develop­ ban areas to help cities with their infrastruc­ ignored, but it is really much less important ment in the suburbs, according to Frank ture. But at best, this would be only a. frac­ than the quality of what he does produce. He Kuchta, director of public works. It is a tion of wha. t is needed, and the city officials is an intelligent and thoughtful person, he problem common to many cities that supply a.re looking for help. works hard, and he has a. pretty good feel 9946 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Apr'il 12, 1978 for public sentimeint. While his speeches are ( ) payment ( ) cooperation you request JOSEPH C. NETTLETON-A TRIBUTE mostly so-so, his best ones have been pretty will not be provided because: good. Finally, he has exercised admirable ( ) not available ( ) request unjustified restraint in responding to his condescending ( ) not appropriate ( ) not relevant HON. JAMES J. FLORIO and often brutal detractors. ( ) invasion of privacy ( ) excess bother OF NEW JERSEY As I survey those characteristics and this ( ) other ______performance, I'd say Carter rates a B to B+ . ( ) I make charitable donations only IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Are the press and his own party really giving through Wednesday, April 12, 1978 him n fair shake? ( ) United Fund ( my religious REO M. CHRISTENSON, activity • Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I would Professor of Political Science, ( ) other institutions ( ) inadvertence like to have the following biography of Miami University. Please discontinue solicitation. Mr. Joseph C. Nettleton inserted in the OXFORD, OHIO .• ( ) I support your ( ) organization RECORD as a special tribute to a man who ) opposition. ( ) I pledge$------· has made many contributions for the ( ) Please ( ) acknowledge ( ) in­ benefit of his union and its members. vestigate ( ) reply ( ) do not reply ( ) correct ( ) explain ( ) desist ( ) take Mr. Nettleton retired in January 1978, HELP FROM BILL HUNGATE immediate action ( ) keep up the good as vice president of Local 56, Amalga­ work ( ) see other side. mated Food and Allied Workers Union, HON. PAUL FINDLEY ( ) Sincerely ( ) Cordially ( ) With Camden, N.J. best wishes ( ) I remain ( ) other ------Joseph Nettleton joined the amalga­ OF ILLINOIS mated Food & Allied Workers Union, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Hungate's thoughtful suggestion mated union early in 1939 with local 195 Wednesday, April 12, 1978 brings to mind a practice attributed to meatcutter and meat manager for the e Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, William the late great H. L. Mencken. The editor Food Fair Co. He was one of two who L. Hungate, who provided us all with of the Mercury was, quite naturally, started organizing the meatcutters. He abundant wisdom and wit during his flooded with correspondence unending. became a steward in 1940 with local 195. service as a Member of this body from He devised a brief acknowledgment that When members working in south Jer­ Missouri, has not let his new responsibili­ sufficed for all mail. In fact, it was so sey formed their own local 56, Joe be­ ties as a lawyer and teacher so occupy clever that it relieved Mencken even of came a charter officer, serving as its first his time that he has forgotten his old the burden of reading the letter to which and only treasurer from January 1941 friends on Capitol Hill and the problems it responded. to March 1954-at which time the office we face. Mencken's solution to floodtide mail was merged into secretary-treasurer. For example, he has written me at­ was a response consisting only of these In 1954, Nettleton was elected vice presi­ taching a form he thinks will be useful dent and served continuously until his words, "Dear Sir, You may be right. retirement. in answering constituent mail. It is so Yours truly, HLM." • ingenious I want to share it with all my His outstanding career exemplifies his colleagues : active participation in establishing and ST. LOUIS, Mo., ARMS EMBARGO AGAINST TURKEY maintaining local 56. He served as an April 4, 1978. SHOULD CONTINUE original delegate to the Retail Joint Hon. PAUL FINDLEY, Council since its inception, serving on U.S. House of Representatives, the executive board; he was secretary­ Rayburn House Office Building, HON. WILLIAM M. BRODHEAD treasurer of the Camden-Gloucester Washington, D.C. OF MICHIGAN County Central Labor Union from May DEAR PAUL: As one fully acquainted with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1941 to February 1978; he helped found the efficiency level of your staff and the Wednesday, April 12, 1978 the Union Reporter newspaper, the offi­ amount of energy they devote to your office, cial mailing media of the Amalgamated I thought perhaps the enclosed form would e Mr. BRODHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I rise prove handy to you in answering your mail. Meat Cutters Unions in the Delaware I see where the Congressmen are going to to express my opposition to the Presi­ Valley; and for more than 20 years, Joe computers, but to me, this is much more dent's request to lift the arms embargo served on the executive council of the personal. against Turkey. I do this because Tur­ State of New Jersey AFL-CIO. Best wishes. key has not made any significant steps Joe is a native of Camden and lived Yours sincerely, toward a resolution of the Cyprus there most of his life. He attended ele­ WILLIAM L. HUNGATE. problem. In 1974, Turkish forces equipped with mentary and high school in Camden and ( ) Gentlemen ( ) Dear ( ) Sir ( U.S.-supplied arms invaded Cyprus. In St. Joseph's College in Princeton, N.J. Madame ( ) Mr. ( ) Mrs. ( ) Miss ______taking this action, Turkey totally disre­ He was active in community affairs, ( ) In reference to your ( ) letter ( garded provisions of U.S. law which pro­ served as trustee, campaign vice chair­ bill ( ) reminder ( ) form ______( ) man, and budget committee member for shipment ( ) notice ( ) card ( ) invita­ hibit the recipients of U.S. arms from using them for offensive purposes. many years for the United Fund of Cam­ tion of --1--1--. ( ) attached den County. ( ) Your ( ) information ( ) records As a result of Turkey's illegal action, is/ are ( ) correct ( ) incorrect. Cyprus has been a divided country. Forty He was cooriginator of the citizens ap­ ( ) The ( ) merchandise ( ) selection percent of the island is still under Tur­ prenticeship program FLORIDA about $52 billion, about 32 percent of all tures over a 5-year period. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES construction dollars, will be spent on the As I see it, the net effect of this pro­ rehabilitation of existing buildings. Con­ posal would be threefold: The enhance­ Wednesday, April 12, 1978 gress has responded to this sharp in­ ment of urban renewal projects, the • Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, we are all crease by enacting section 2214 of the preservation of the Nation's historical familiar with the efforts of this country Tax Reform Act of 1976. This new pro­ heritage and the restoration of available to meet its present energy demands and vision, for the first time, allowed those living space. I would remind my col­ to call upon alternatives to meet the de­ other than the original owners of certi­ leagues that enactment of this proposal mands of the future. It is exciting and fied historic structures the election to holds great potential since there are encouraging to realize that solar energy deduct from their taxes, over a 5-year over 1,000 eligible districts in the Nation. technologies which were virtually un­ period, the cost of rehabilitation with It should be remembered, however, known by most of us several years ago, their otherwise allowable depreciation that buildings which qualify as certi­ are now drawing more public attention deductions. fied historic structures are often in need each day as viable means to meet many An example of the effectiveness of this of repair. More often than not, these of our energy needs. In keeping with this proposal can be seen in the following hy­ buildings need painting, plaster work, greatly increased public interest and pothetical case documented in "The New surface refinishing and repair of facades awareness, and with the natural enthusi­ Economics of Rehabilitating Older and grill work, jobs which frequently re­ asm of our educational institutions, our Buildings": Mr. Danford, an unmarried quire the work of highly paid skilled Governor, the Honorable Reubin Askew, accountant who earns $26,000 a year craftsmen. Any relief which can be pro­ and his cabinet issued an executive reso­ increased 182 ing for research facilities at universities in and I highly recommend them to my percent the last 15 years. PL 95-113, of which support of the research programs in agri­ colleagues' attention: we witnessed the signing last fall in the culture and related disciplines. Mr. Chairman and members of the Com­ White House rcse garden, mandates U.S.D.A. In summary, our charge in Agriculture mittee, my naime is Duane Acker. I am to assume a vigorous role in strengthening and the natural resources at the universities President of Kansas State University and I under~raduate and ~raduatc teaching in we represent is to help our major clientele speak to you today on behalf of the National agriculture in our nation's land-grant uni·· group-the farmers, ranchers and those re- 9952 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 sponsible for the major renewable re­ The federal government guarantees loans The irony ls that even those politicians sources-to survive and to achieve a reason­ for home owners, multi-national and other who most loudly oppose the loans don't want able level of living. Our charge is also to corporations, farmers, businessmen, shippers, New York to go bankrupt. help the students who aspire to produce steel companies, students, foreign govern­ They just don't want to give up a good our food, tend our renewable resources, or ments, new communities. issue. work in other professions to maintain our Less than two weeks ago, the Senate passed Our thanks to Senator Jacob Javlts for capacity to produce, to be well equipped for a farm subsidy bill that will cost American some of the figures presented here. They were their challenging assignment. We seek your taxpayers two billion dollars in direct cash researched by the Congressional Research support of and continued investment in to the farmers and an estimated six billion Service at the request of Senator Javits. helping us meet this charge. dollars in higher food prices. (No comment I would close with one illustration. A is intended here on the merits of the bill.) farmer from Columbia, South Dakota, ap­ This single act of the Senate, according to SALT II-STATUS AND PROSPECTS pearing before the Appropriations Commit­ the Congressional Budget Office, will raise the tee of the South Dakota Legislature a few cost of living by one to one and a half percent years ago to support increased investments in the next two years. HON. ROBIN L. BEARD in agricultural research and extension said: It will add $200 to $300 to the food bill of OF TENNESSEE "1936 was a dry year. I had a $200 prop­ a New York family of four. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES erty tax bill and couldn't pay it. Last year Let's take a quick look at some of the was dryer. I had a $2,000 tax bill. I paid it federal loan guarantees issued just last Wednesday, April 12, 1978 year. i.e., and also had to pay quite a bit of income • Mr. BEARD of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ tax. Why? In large part this was due to the The FHA, 11.5 billion. Student loans, more adapted small grain varieties that have been than a billion dollars. Farmers Home Ad­ er, various administration spokesmen developed and released, the drought resist­ ministration and Rural Electrification Ad­ have recently stated that the proposed ant alfalfa and grasses and the corn lines ministration, 8.5 billion. Maritime Adminis­ SALT II agreement is 90 percent wrapped selected and developed for our short grow­ tration, 955 mlllion. up, that the remainder should be final­ ing season and low rainfall. This work has The U.S. government guaranteed interest ized in the near future, and that the been done by the Agricultural Experiment and principal on bonds to build R.F.K. Congress can expect to consider the Station and the educational program that Stadium in Washington. The Federal government has been guaran­ agreement this year. caused adoption and implementation has To date the negotiated terms of the been done by the Extension Service." teeing loans for Americans and others for generations. proposed SALT II agreement, and in par­ Mr. Chairman and members of the com­ It's the right and responsibillty of the gov­ ticular the terms of the protocol, in my mittee, I thank you for your interest, your ernment to serve its people this way. view, are inadequate and unacceptable attention and your support. I would be Why should this right and responsibillty pleased to respond to questions.e from the standpoint of U.S. national end at New York City's borders? security interests. Even if those 10 per­ A Wisconsin Senator leads the attack on cent of the outstanding issues are all New York City as unworthy of federal guaran­ WHO'S KIDDING WHOM ABOUT tees. While a Wisconsin Congressman leads negotiated in the U.S. favor-and they FEDERAL LOAN GUARANTEES? the lobby for a federal guarantee of 109 mil­ will not be-the agreement, in my view, lion dollars in loans to American Motors would still be unacceptable. Yet, I also Corporation. believe it is possible within the p·resent HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ American Motors employs 8000 workers in SALT II negotiations framework to reach OF NEW YORK Kenosha, Wisconsin. an agreement that would meet both Wisconsin legislators don't attack the man­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States and Soviet security re­ agement of American Motors or demand that quirements. Wednesday, April 12, 1978 Wisconsin voters working for AMC give up fringe benefits and take wage cuts to qualify The prospective SALT II agreement • Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, much has their company for federal guarantees. will not restrict in any militarily mean­ been heard in the Congress lately con­ The issue of loan guarantees for New York ingful way Soviet strategic force develop­ cerning the question of Federal loan City, unfortunately, is not fiscal. ments, deployments, and capabilities. The guarantees for New York City. I would I.t's political. proposed terms of the SALT II agree­ like to call the attention of my colleagues It's too easy to generate attention by at­ ment, however, impose significant re­ to a brief item which appeared in the tacking New York City. straints on the U.S. ability to respond to New York Times and puts the whole A Congressman representing agri-business those Soviet strategic programs which and the suburbs of Disneyland comes to New question. of Federal guarantees in a York as an instant-urban-expert. pose the greatest threat to strategic clearer perspective. The author of the To TV cameras, microphones and reporters stability, and the agreement threatens to article is Victor Gotbaum, a good friend assembled he declares that New York must prevent the United States from making of mine, a vocal supporter of New York "do more" and expresses deep concern that those of its strategic forces that are City, and also the executive director of extending federal guarantees to this city wlll threatened more survivable. District Council 37 of the American Fed­ invite national bankruptcy. I have discussed many of my concerns eration of State, County and Municipal It's time to call a fact a fact. And an with the proposed SALT II agreement in Employees. That union along with the American city an American city. the past. Let me briefly highlight a few New York is part of America. Billions of other municipal unions of New York our tax dollars have gone to farmers, big of those concerns now. City has already purchased over $2 bil­ business, home owners, car drivers, students, The proposed SALT II treaty, in my lion of city bonds with some of the as­ doctors and every other level of American view, will be a bar to future meaningful sets of their members pension funds. life. arms control agreements. For anyone who is looking for a brief In spite of, and all during our desperate Under the terms of the proposed treaty factual account of our other Federal loan fiscal crisis we sent out billions more than we received from Washington. the United States will legitimize and guarantee programs, I strongly urge codify the throw-weight advantages them to read the following item: Our money didn't go out with lectures, threats and demeaning attacks on the mil­ presently possessed by Soviet ICBM's. WHO' S KIDDING WHOM ABOUT FEDERAL lions of other Americans who regularly re­ LOAN GUARANTEES? The Soviets will be permitted a 7-to-l ceive federal aid. ICBM throw-weight advantage, with (Comments by Victor Gotbaum, Executive Federal guarantees of New York loans will Director, District Council 37) three times as many ICBM warheads, not cost the nation one cent. with each warhead having an average of If Congress votes to guarantee two billion No one's food bill will go up. No one's dollars of New York City loans, it will in­ taxes will go up. No one's gas, oil, or any three times more yield. With improved crease the amount of federal guarantees is­ other bill wlll go up. accuracy, the Soviets could further frac­ sued next year from 81 to 83 billion dollars. New York City has done more than any tionate the payload of their ICBM sys­ The Congressional Research Service esti­ other city in American to reduce costs and tems, and further increase their ICBM mates that by next year the total amount of balance its budget. warhead numbers. outstanding loans guaranteed by the federal Our schools, parks, subways, hospitals, our Thus, in the future, as we try to re­ government will be 324 billion dollars. streets and bridge8 have deteriorated from duce the number of strategic nuclear The estimate for fiscal 1979 is 368 billion. cuts in the people a.nd money available to Two billion dollars will increase the total maintain them. delivery vehicles permitted each nation, amount of federal loan guarantees outstand­ The simple fact is that this city is entitled the Soviets could, in fact, retain more ing in 1978 by six-tenths of one percent. to federal loan guarantees to help us on the warheads because of their throw-weight Who's kidding whom? road back. superiority. April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9953 There are also a number of Soviet iand submarines. The United States, in the United States and Soviets from de­ weapons systems which will not be re­ such an attack, would lose as many as ploying more strategic missiles. strained by the proposed SALT agree­ 6 to 1O million Americans and we would The problem, however, is that we are ment in any meaningful way. still face a superior Soviet strategic trying to control missiles by controlling The Soviet Backfire bomber, for exam­ reserve force. silos. Unfortunately there is no direct ple, will not be counted under the total Further, our retaliatory capability correlation between the two. Without number of strategic nuclear delivery would rest with those submarines that verifiable restraints on missile develop­ vehicles permitted each side. Whether survived the initial attack, and the cruise ment and production we cannot control the Soviets intend to use the Backfire in missile which would encounter serious missiles since missiles, especially those an intercontinental role is less important penetration difficulties. By contrast, the with a cold launch capability, can be than the fact that the bomber could be preponderance of the Soviet capability launched from cannisters from anywhere so used. Thus, to the extent the Backfire would still be in time responsive weapons. the Soviets might want to launch them. is not counted under the total aggregate Perhaps the threat of that U.S. re­ Conversely, if the United States can permitted each nation it undermines the taliatory capability would deter the So­ adequately verify Soviet strategic missile U.S. objective of controlling total stra­ viets from ever initiating an attack in development and production, then there tegic delivery vehicles permitted each the first place, but that retaliatory ca­ should be no real reason to be concerned nation. pability bears no correlation with pres­ whether they are deployed in a fixed or With the Backfire unrestricted, the ently prescribed U.S. deterrence and mobile mode, unless the United States Soviets could equal or surpass the United defense objectives. This retaliatory ca­ wanted and had the capability to destroy States in deliverable megatonnage in the pability reflects what is commonly those Soviet silos in a first strike; this, bomber leg of their strategic forces. known as a "minimum deterrence, as­ however, is not a U.S. objective, and the With the permitted deployment of the sured destruction only" posture. This United States does not possess such a SSN-18 submarine ballistic missile, and posture is premised on the belief that capability. Silo limitations would deny its follow-on for the Typhoon ballistic differences in strategic capabilities are the Soviets the ability to deploy their submarine, the Soviets could equal or unimportant, and its advocates hold that extra missiles in those silos in which mis­ surpass the MIRV capability of U.S. the view that nuclear superiority has siles are already in place, but their extra SSBN's. Thus, the Soviets could equal or no political or military utility. This view, missiles could still be used for launching surpass the United States in capabilities however, is actually less important than from cannisters or reload in the fixed in each leg of strategic forces, and they the present guidelines and objectives silos. would do this at a time when the United for employing U.S. nuclear strategic By contrast, by permitting each nation States could no longer be confident that forces, and the damage criteria and re­ to deploy mobile ICBM's, the problem of the U.S. Minuteman force could survive quirements we have prescribed for U.S. verification for missile development and a surprise Soviet attack. strategic forces to complete. production would not be changed. But Under the proposed SALT II agree­ The United States without a surviv­ the ability of both nations to deploy ment, the Soviet SS-20 mobile interme­ able ICBM as part of the strategic Triad mobile ICBM's would prevent either na­ diate range ballistic missile can be de­ would not be able to maintain crisis tion from credibly attacking and de­ ployed in unrestricted numbers. Thus, stability, escalation control, essential stroying a sufficiently large number of the other side's mobile ICBM's in a first the Soviets have ~. system which can equivalence, and all those other ele­ rapidly be converted to an interconti­ ments of policy now believed necessary strike. Thus, mobility for ICBM's would nental ':>allastic missile. The SS-20 con­ for deterrence. These elements of U.S. actually enhance rather than undermine sists of the first two stages of the mobile strategic policy are a composite view of strategic stability. SS-16 ICBM; by building and storing the preceding administrations and they In short, if the United States can missile's third stages the SS-20 could have served for over three decades to verify Soviet ICBM development and quickly be modified to an SS-16. More prevent the outbreak of nuclear war. production within a satisfactory margin importantly, simply by reducing the SS- If we fail to redress the vulnerability of error, ICBM mobility would contribute 20's payload and by making fuel modifi­ of the U.S. ICBM leg of the U.S. Triad, to deterrence. If the United States can­ cations, the SS-20 itself could be given we would place an overreliance on the not adequately verify Soviet ICBM de­ an intercontinental capability. SLBM fleet, a system that is not ca­ velopment and production, then those missiles would still be produced and The range restrictions on the ground­ pable of being used against the total spectrum of Soviet targets. Equally stored, and therewith could be used and sea-launched cruise missiles, in my whenever the Soviets wanted to. view, do not seem appropriate without significant, we would deny ourselves a hedge against a Soviet ASW break­ The real threat to strategic stability, some concessions from the Soviet Union. in point of fact, comes from the Soviet More importantly, the range restrictions through. This breakthrough could be as capability to neutralize the U.S. Minute­ on the air-launched cruise missile, espe­ sudden as it would be ingenious. More 3 man force; the United States does not cially in light of the President's unilateral importantly, with the C vulnerability of have a similar capability. Thus, it is the cancellation of the B-1 bomber, will U.S. submarines, and the fact that no United States, and not the Soviets, which deny the cruise missile access to many more than two-thirds of the 41 sub­ needs to deploy a mobile or multiple aim critical Soviet targets, and these restric­ marine fleet could be at sea at a given point ICBM system. A SALT II ban on tions will degrade the cruise missile's time, the ability of the Soviets to neu­ constructing new fixed ICBM launchers penetration capabilities. tralize only a portion of the at-sea sub­ thus works against the United States, These illustrations, and there are many marines would seriously degrade U.S. because a future survivable U.S. ICBM such other examples, all point to possible retaliatory capabilities. system might require the construction of serious asymmetries in United States­ Similarly with the cruise missile, the additional launchers for redundancy, Soviet strategic capabilities, but they are system is susceptible to prelaunch and to insure survivability; the above not, in my view, central to the issue of survivability and penetration problems. SALT provision would preclude that strategic stability. rt certainly could not be used against option. The greatest source of strategic in­ terminally def ended targets, and those The SALT II Protocol would also ban stability is the growing vulnerability of targets would constitute the bulk of the testing and deployment of a mobile the U.S. silo-based ICBM force-the U.S. requirement for the cruise missile ICBM, for the duration of the protocol. Minuteman-to a surprise Soviet attack. in the absence of having the ICBM. This provision was put in at U.S. in­ By early in the next decade the United For these and other reasons, then, we sistence, not Soviet insistence. States could not be confident that cannot fail to redress the vulnerability The U.S. rationale is that this prohi­ Minuteman would survive a preemptive of the U.S. ICBM leg of the Triad; we bition would stop the Soviets from de­ Soviet attack. This is no longer an issue certainly cannot afford tJ codify this ploying their mobile SS-16 ICBM. As of contention. With or without SALT, vulnerability into a future SALT agree­ pointed out earlier, unless we constrain as Secretary of Defense Harold Brown ment. the mobile SS-20 ICBM-which we will has acknowledged, the Soviets will have The proposed SALT II treaty prohibits not--this provision will only hurt the this capability. either nation from constructing new United States. Moreover, since the In such an attack the Soviets would fixed ICBM launchers. The principle be­ United States cannot credibly threaten also destroy the nonalert U.S. bombers hind this proposed term is to stop both Soviet ICBM silos it is unlikely the So- 9954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 viets would trade in their more capable point, a violation of the SALT limita­ gresswomen assembled. To this end, Mr. silo-based ICBM systems for the SS-16, tions, on a large enough scale, to over­ Speaker, I would like to commend the especially since they can deploy the SS- come the stability provided by the sys­ men listed below and enter each of their 20 in unlimited numbers. tem, would not escape detection; and names in the official RECORD of proceed­ Even if it is correct, that the United cheating below that level would not be ings for the House of Representatives. States will not test the so-called MX militarily significant. Mr. Speaker, I know you will join me system-and by that I mean the concept Moreover, the SALT provision I rec­ in saying "thanks" to these hard-work­ to develop a more survivable ICBM-the ommend would explicitly pr.ovide that ing, self-sacrificing firemen from Long Soviets, and the U.S. arms control com­ the "side undertaking such a

LONG JOHN NEBEL, 66 ; WAS HOST FOR ALL­ ROBERT c. BYRD, JENNINGS RANDOLPH, and in 1942, entertaining troops at bases in NIGHT TALK SHOW ON RADIO Congressman HARLEY 0. STAGGERS by in­ the States and abroad. (By Eleanor Blau) troducing legislation that would establish Following the war, Dr. Jones attended Long John Nebel, whose all-night radio the New River Gorge as a national river Laverne College, graduating with a bach­ talk-shows attracted thousands of insomni­ in West Virginia as was recommended to elor of arts degree in history in 1948. acs and other "night people" for more than the Congress by Secretary of Interior Immediately after his graduation, he 20 years, died of complication from cancer Cecil B. Andrus on behalf of the Carter joined the Torrance Unified School Dis­ Monday at the New York Sheraton Hotel. He administration. was 66 years old and had been living at the trict as an elementary school teacher­ hotel for several months. In a letter transmitting the adminis­ the beginning of a long and successful Mr. Nebel was co-host with his wife of tration's legislation, the Secretary said: career in education. the Long John Nebel-Candy Jones Show, Tue New River and its gorge possess out­ The following years were exciting for heard nightly from midnight to 5 :30 A.M. on standing scenic, geologic, recreational, bo­ Dr. Jones and his lovely young wife, WMCA. "He was the first to do an all-night tanical, fish, wildlife, historic and cultural Maxine, and their family. He received talk show on radio and the first to have a and mineral values. his master's degree in education in 1952 network talk show," said Dennis Israel, vice He also added that-- president and general manager of the station. from the University of Southern Califor­ "His show was controversial, intelligent and it becomes apparent that a major effort must nia. Professionally, Dr. Jones' abilities a great part of history. There will never be be launched aimed at preserving and at the were being recognized as outstanding in another Long John Nebel. It's an era that same time intensively managing these su­ the field of education, and he became went away." perlative natural, historical and recreational vice principal and then principal at Mr. Nebel got his start on all-night radio resources. Seaside Elementary School. on WOR in 1956 after an official of that sta­ I know that my West Virginia col­ In 1963, Dr. Jones earned his Ed. D. tion observed his patter at an auction house, leagues who share sponsorship of this according to his biographer, Donald Bain. from the University of Southern Cali­ bill are pleased to share with me the fact fornia in educational administration. ALMOST IMMEDIATE SUCCESS that the administration has recognized He served as curriculum consultant, Long John, so-called because of his slender the national significance of the New assistant superintendent similarly silent on the purposes for which ment and deployment of neutron weapons in ing riots and raids, crime and courts, war and the records can be used. In short, the law·~ e. clean, isolated, even philosophical way. He economics. grant of power is as unrestricted as anyone could weigh the military pluses and minuses Whatever there is that people want to can imagine. of these so-called "enhanced radiation" war­ read and know about, you'll find a person Not surprisingly, the law has been abused. heads strictly in terms of whether they dedicated to learning and writing about it Thus, the Federal Burea.u of Investigation would-as some argue-1) make East-West for their benefit--and reaping high satisfac­ obtained the telephone records of a civil­ war less likely by providing NATO with rela­ tion, even after inevitable frustrations in his rights worker in 1969 in an effort to harass tively "clean" and controllable tactical nu­ pursuit of the news. and discredit a group that J. Edgar Hoover clear weapons that an enemy would readily And it always will be that way, because considered extreme. In 1968, President John­ believe the Western forces might use or 2)­ people will keep on yearning for information son used the guise of "national security" to as the counterargument goes-make it all they haven't the time nor means to gather obtain the telephone records of Mr. Agnew. too likely that any East-West confrontation firsthand.e then the Republican Vice-Presidential nomi­ in the NATO area would turn into a nuclear nee; :Mr. Johnson was hoping to find infor­ exchange, since the very "manageability" of mation that could be used publicly tc the neutron weapons would tempt the side embarrass Mr. Agnew. And in 1974, the In­ that had them to introduce them. THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY VERSUS ternal Revenue Service obtained the records But all things aren't equal, and that de­ NATIONAL SECURITY of telephone calls made by reporters in one tached, clinical kind of choice is, in our view, newspaper's Washington bureau. The I.R.S. no longer available to Mr. Carter-at least was not investigating a violation of the law not without very bad consequences. We say HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI by the reporters; instead, it was trying to this with more than routine reluctance and OF KENTUCKY determine whether anyone in the I.R.S. was regret, because a year ago, when something IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the source of newspaper stories criticizing more nearly akin to political and diplomatic the Nixon Administration. lab conditions prevailed, we ourselves found Wednesday, April 12, 1978 There is no public record documenting the it fairly easy to reach a judgment against the • Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, the House precise number of records obtained, but if president's going forward with the weapons. Intelligence Committee will soon have public and private comments of telephone We found the second of the views cited above company officials are any indication, the the more persuasive. And we have held that before it legislation to create new char­ statistics are enormous. It would be difficult opinion up to now. But it seems to us that ters for the intelligence community. to blame telephone companies for past or the president has lost-in some measure, for­ This legislation will be complex and present abuses, however. After all, they are feited-the luxury of such a choice. We now many faceted, but in many instances, only obeying a lawful request. feel that if neutron weapons are to be held we will be debating one fundamental Fortunately, the opportunity for corrective out of the Western arsenal, they should be question: What sacrifices of individual action is at hand. The Senate is considering negotiated out with the Russians-and only liberties and rights are necessary to an omnibus intelligence bill that authorizes for something considerable in return. the collection of teleohone records in na­ Let us be very plain about this: The most safeguard our national security? tional-eecurity invest(gations only in "exi­ The following article from the April important altered circumstance that seems gent circumstances" or when the Attorney to us to argue for Mr. Carter's going ahead 7, 1978 New York Times raises one as­ General determines that the acquisition of with a decision to procure the weapons is the pect of this question. While I do not nec­ records is "necessary and reasonable." This evident unwillingness of the Soviet Union to essarily endorse Mr. Paper's remedy for is a step in the right direction, but it does not slow even by a hair its buildup of what are this problem, I do believe that his article go far enough: The privacy of telephone called "theater weapons," a gigantic and presents a distressing problem with communications should not depend on the ever-growing arsenal of medium-range nu­ which the committee must deal. discretion of Government officials, no matter clear missiles, tanks and the rest, trained re­ how good their intentions; moreover, the morselessly on Western Europe. American The need of the Federal Government bill does not include nonsecurity agencies to obtain phone records in some cases awareness of that buildup has become a good and departments. deal clearer and sharper in the last year or involving our national security is clear. Congress should broaden and strengthen The Soviets have also done much to trans­ However, the review of a neutral court the proposal in two ways. form the international politics of the issue would help insure that the Govern­ First, the law should require all requests into a circus. It is as poignant as it is pre­ ment's reasons for requesting the rec­ for telephone records to have the prior ap­ posterous that so many well-intentioned ords are legitimate. proval of a neutral court. This is the general arms controllers have taken to the streets 9966 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 and Xeroxes to single out and protest this tional problems of rural America: a top-down opment Council, we discussed this situation particular range of weapons. What is poig­ and a bottom-up attack on the obstacles in and agreed, along with our executive direc­ nant is that the whole propaganda thrust of the federal system which impede efforts to tor, Mr. John Kostishak, that if public or­ the Soviets-their effort to capitalize on the improve the quality of life for people living ficials are to be able to respond to the need Western democracies' open internal disagree­ in the non-metropolitan sectors of our coun­ for planning the development of our rural ment on precisely this question-has altered try. We view H.R. 10855 as an important leg­ communities nationwide, then significantly the character of the decision Mr. Carter will islative initiative which will provide a much­ higher levels of funding must be provided. make on it. It has made it more, not less, needed and long overdue focus in Washing­ I think another important measure of the desirable !or him to let the weapons go for­ ton for coordinating the development of need for additional funds is indicated by the ward, at least to the procurement stage. rural policies and programs. It will also sup­ number of calls received by the Department I! the Soviets wish to influence the deploy­ port the efforts of the Secretary of Agricul­ of Agriculture earlier this year regarding the ment of these weapons in the NATO theater ture in fulfilling his mandate, under Section planning grant program. Even before the they should be given every chance to do so-­ 603 of the Rural Development Act of 1972, to regulations for administering this program by the appropriate means, which is by trad­ promote effective non-metropolitan develop­ were drafted, the Department received over ing off some of their ow n increasingly NATO­ ment and growth in the United States. 600 inquiries from officials around the coun­ directed arms, arms that have had more than FEDERAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL try about the program. a little to do with justifying the need for the Obviously the need exists. Countryside neutron weapons in the first place. We will This bill provides for the establishment o! America is painfully aware of this need as be frank to say that Mr. Carter seems to us a Federal Rural Development Council, com­ urban growth has begun to creep haphaz­ to have permitted the set ting for his decision prised of Cabinet members and the heads ardly into many rural areas. We wholeheart­ to get way out of hand and to have let the of major federal agencies, and under the edly support that provision of the Act which choice be framed by oth•3rs for him. But now direction of the Secretary of Agriculture. allows for increased funding and, as a local it seems to us he really needs to make a We see this as a fundamental provision of government organization, believe it will en­ forthright , no-nonsense decision to proceed, the law because it would institutionalize the rural sector at the highest level of govern­ hance our capacity to be more effective part­ with a view to negotiating the weapons out ners in the intergovernmental system. at whatever point in the production-deploy­ ment and would provide the opportunity ment sequence an opport unity may arise to for communication between, and coordinated Again, on behalf of the Board of Directors get a reasonable return.e action through, our nation's chief policy of the National Association of Towns and makers. In terms of development programs, Townships, I want to thank Chairman Nolan a. Rural Development Council will help allevi­ and the members and staff of the Subcom­ ate some of the urban bias which now per­ mittee for the opportunity to share our views meates our federal structure. For example, on this monumentally important piece of RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY ACT the Economic Development Administration's legislation.e Public Works Program is weighted in favor of larger communities because one of its HON. JAMES L. OBERSTAR criteria. for chosing grant applicants involves OF MINNESOTA absolute numbers of unemployed. Clearly, BUFFALO BILL DAM MODIFICATION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this provision discriminates against smaller BILL Wednesday, April 12, 1978 rural communities. The Department of Hous­ ing and Urban Development's Small Town e Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Speaker, testify­ grant program, a provision of the Community HON. TENO RONCALIO ing on behalf of the National Associa­ Development Act of 1977, similarly gives OF WYOMING larger communities an advantage in the tion of Towns and Township, Mr. War­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ren Youngdahl recently underscored the selection process. Many other federal pro­ grams have arbitrary population cut-offs Wednesday, April 12, 1978 need for greater Federal focus on the de­ which cut thousands of non-metropolitan velopment of rural America. communities out of the system entirely. e Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, today The national assodation is a federa­ It is situations like those I have just I am introducing legislation to authorize tion representing public officials from enumerated which we feel a strong Federal the addition of a 25-foot collar on the over 13,000 units of local government Rural Development Council could begin to top of Buffalo Bill Dam in Park County, around the country. NATAT is unique remedy. Wyo., to provide additional storage among Washington-based public inter­ RURAL DEVELOPMENT ADVISORY COMMITTEE capacity in Buffalo Bill Reservoir and est groups in that it is the only one com­ The National Association of Towns and for other related purposes. prised of predominantly smaller commu­ Townships is very enthusiastic about an­ Buffalo Bill Dam, completed in 1910, is nities, nonmetropolitan in nature. Con­ other provision of the Act which establishes named for the early day scout and show­ sidering that a very substantial propor­ a Rural Development Advisory Committee, man who actively promoted the Sho­ tion of Americans live in such localities, comprised of representatives of state and shone project, perhaps our first federally local government, rural resident s, and orga­ built reclamation works. The dam was NATAT provides the focus for a vital nizations with an expertise in rural matters. intergovernmental perspective. We view this Advisory Committee as a fea­ the tallest structure of its kind when During hearings before the Agriculture ture which is vital to an effective decision­ built at 325 feet. It is a constant radius Subcommittee on Family Farms and making process. Now, for the first time, our curvature structure with a base width Rural Development, chaired by Con­ nation's policymakers will have the benefit of 108 feet, crest width of 10 feet, and gressman RICHARD NOLAN, Mr. Young­ of direct input and feedback from rural offi­ crest length of 200 feet. dahl presented his valuable insights re­ cials and will be able to hear first-hand how The dam was built primarily for irri­ garding the Rural Development Policy federal programs and policies are working­ gation storage with water first delivered Act, H.R. 10885. or not working-in the community. to farms in 1908. Power production fa­ A strong Advisory Committee is a key to cilities were not added until 1922 with Mr. Youngdahl is a supervisor for the success of the Rural Development Coun­ Marcell Township in the northwest por­ cil, and NATAT recommends that adequate another power plant installed in 1948 tion of Minnesota's Eighth Congressional funding be provided to underwrite the travel for a total generating capacity of about District. He is also vice president of the and meeting expenses of Advisory Commit­ 10,600 kilowatts. Minnesota Association of Township Offi­ tee members. While we recognize that it is Water from Buffalo Bill Dam and Res­ cials and long-time member of Minne­ the President's desire to reduce the number ervoir irrigates about 94,000 acres with sota's Rural Development Council. I am of federal advisory groups, es;>ecially those the newest irrigation unit, the 19,200- very pleased to submit for the consider­ which have outlived their usefulness, we acre Polecat extension, being authorized hope that he and the Congress will recognize on March 11, 1976. The current gross ation of my colleagues. Mr. Youngdahl's t his Advisory Committee as an integral part concise and informative evaluation of value of power and crop production from of a national rural development effort. the project averages $8 to $10 million this important rural development INCREASED FUNDING AUTHORIZATION FOR RURAL legislation: annually. The facilities also provide PLANNING recreation and fish and wildlife bene­ THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY ACT-A As members of this Subcommittee are no fits. MUCH-NEEDED COORDINATING MECHANISM doubt aware, the current authorization for At its last meeting here in Washington, rural development planning grants under During the 68 years of operation at t he National Association's Board of Directors Sect ion III of the Rural Development Act is Buffalo Bill, the total storage capacity voted unanimously to support H .R . 10885, $10 million. This level of funding is inade­ has been reduced by sedimentation, from the Rural Development Policy Act. NATAT quat e to meet our planning needs at the an original storage capacity of 456,000 recognizes the need for a two-pronged, com­ local level. acre-feet to about 424,000 acre-feet to­ prehensive approach to solving the institu- At a meeting of Minnesota's Rural Devel- day, a loss of about 32.000 acre-feet. April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9967 While the Bureau of Reclamation has izes U.S. activities in the Department entitled "Energy and Development in the determined there is sufficient storage of Energy, the Department of State, and Americas," held from 13 to 17 March near Santos, Brazil.* Participants came from 16 now to serve both the Shoshone Project AID. But as with most programs, this countries and included about 110 scientists, and the new Polecat Bench extension program suffers from inattention and engineers, and government representatives. unit, la.st year's drought raised concern inadequate resources. They brought to the meeting different back­ that under extended dry conditions there One effort to tap the substantial re­ grounds of knowledge and experience, and may not be adequate water supplies for sources in the Department of Energy's found mutual pleasure and benefit in friendly the entire project. domestic energy research, development interchanges. Topics covered included nu­ Furthermore, there are ever increasing and demonstration program has been clear energy, oil, oil shale, coal, synthetic demands for water in Wyoming, espe­ proposed by a coalition of some 50 Con­ fuels, hydropower, windmills, hydrogen, solar energy, biomass, efficient use of energy, and cially for growing towns and cities, in­ gressmen as an amendment to the De­ energy for rural peoples. The participants dustrial development, and energy activi­ partment of Energy's fiscal year 1979 au­ shared the belief that the days of cheap oil ties. If we can provide new storage thorization bill. The text of this amend­ are over and the conviction that each coun­ through modification of existirJ.g facili­ ment, which was primarily sponsored by try must survey its own energy resources and ties, it will be at a lower cost and without my friend and colleague from California. move toward an energy independence based the environmental ramifications of Mr. BEILENSON, follows: on indigenous supplies. building an entirely new structure in AMENDMENT TO DOE AUTHORIZATION For Latin America in general, this means another location flooding another valley. an emphasis on solar energy, biomass, and SEc. . (A) The Secretary is directed to the development of large hydropower poten­ The modification of the dam author­ use to the fullest extent practical, the do­ tials. Venezuela has a great oil resource in its ized in my bill would provide an addi­ mestic energy research, development and Orinoco tar sands; Brazil, oil shale: Colom­ tional storage capacity of 271,000 acre­ demonstration activities in support of the bia, substantial coal reserves; and Mexico, feet. The new water would be available Department's international energy program. newly discovered oil; but the region as a for industrial and municipal use, irriga­ (B) The international energy program whole is lacking in fossil fuels. shall support the energy programs of the A problem much on the minds of partici­ tion, hydroelectric power generation, President and the Congress which are estab­ recreation, and fish and wildlife conser­ pants was the continuing crowding into lished in the Department of State and the cities of the peoples of Latin America. There vation. The bill also authorizes replace­ Agency for International Development. was a search for a means of slowing t his ment of the outdated 1922 Shoshone (C) $20 million are authorized for this pur­ trend by making rural life more attractive. powerplant and construction of a visitors pose, of which no less than $5 million shall Ways of creating cheap, small, pract ical ~n­ be used for programs in research, develop­ center, dust abatement 1 dE{eS, and im­ ergy sources were discussed. A problem of the poundments. ment, and application of small-scale, de­ cities is to provide electricity. Today, Argen­ centralized technologies utilizing renewable Buffalo Bill Dam was subject to safety tina, Brazil, and Mexico are proceeding with energy sources for the rural areas of develop­ nuclear power plants. Some of their neigh­ studies after the Teton Dam disaster ing countries. bors are considering following this path. which determined that under the worst From the standpoint of energy research possible flood conditions, the dam would Other approaches to this obvious op­ programs, the United States is clearly the hold. But water would crest 7 feet over portunity for U.S. trade and world lead­ leader in terms of quantity and scope. This the top of the dam with a potential $10 ership can easily be envisioned. I am sure country is also becoming expert at building million damage to dam abutments, pow­ that either this, or some similar amend­ "demonstration plants." But with respect er facilities and downstream roads, ment will, in fact, be approved this year. to converting research into production bridges, farms, private structures, and The reason I raise it here is to alert facilities that make a difference to the buildings. Yet the study did not recom­ others to the issue and the potential of country's energy supply, the United States this type of U.S. effort. lags. mend any corrective action. Brazilians are moving ahead with the The work authorized in this bill, add­ As we consider alternative energy production of alcohol for motor fuel and ing 25 feet to the height of the dam, technologies, we need to recognize that of charcoal from eucalyptus trees for steel would eliminate concern of floodwaters we do not work alone in this field. In mills. The use of palm oil to supplement going over the top of the dam and would several technologies, other nations are diesel fuel is on the horizon, and the devel­ also provide valuable and needed addi­ substantially ahead of the United States. opment of hydro-power ls continuing. tional water storage capacity. Cost of Other nations have already recognized Two speakers from outside the Western the need for greater utilization of in­ Hemisphere provided additional perspec­ the entire authorized work is estimated digenous energy supplies. tives. The French are proceeding with the to be $56,20-0,000 based on 1977 prices. operation of a nuclear reprocessing plant Buffalo Bill Dam is listed in the Na­ A recent editorial in Science magazine and with practical means of disposing of tional Register of Historic Places and put this matter in focus when it stated: nuclear wastes. They have developed and the American Society of Civil Engineers From the standpoint of energy research are implementing long-range plans for programs, the United States is clearly the their energy future. If one takes into account has designated it as a National Historic leader in terms of quantity and scope .... the skimpy resources of the Indian subcon­ Civil Engineering Landmark. It is alto­ But with respect to converting research into tinent, the United States is put to shame by gether appropriate that through today's production facilities that make a difference the Indians. They are building a large num­ technology this structure be made even to the country's energy supply, the United ber of biomass converters to produce more useful than ever thought possible States lags. methane from cow manure. The heating value of the methane is five times that of by our early day reclamation planners Other countries seem to be moving into and engineers.• the cow dung. Sludge from the digesters this gap, although they still lack the makes excellent fertilizer. great research resources of the United This international meeting, sponsored States. A broader approach to this issue, jointly by the Brazilian Society for the THE UNITED STATES CAN DO MORE similar to that described in the above Progress of Science and Interciencia, was IN SUPPORTING INTERNATIONAL amendment, is needed to move the organized in less than 6 months. In the United States in this direction. year and a half remaining before the Vien­ ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PRO­ na meeting, the United Nations still has GRAMS The Science editorial follows: time to create sessions and an atmosphere (From Science magazine, Apr. 4, 1978] in which significant interchange can oc­ ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT cur.-PHILIP H. ABELSON .• HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. The United Nations Conference on Science OF CALIFORNIA and Technology for Development to be held IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in Vienna in September 1979 could be an im­ H.R. 7700, THE POSTAL SERVICE ACT portant constructive event. Many observers, OF 1977 Wednesday, April 12, 1978 however, fear that it will be just another e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. confrontation of politicians from developed Speaker, one of the areas where the and less developed countries. Transfer of HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. science and technology cannot be accom­ OF CALIFORNIA United States has neglected its role in plished by the interaction of politicians or by the world, and where we can easily show gifts of black boxes or tons of blueprints-a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES true leadership is in the area of develop­ prerequisite is human interaction at an ex­ Wednesday, April 12, 1978 ing alternative energy technologies and pert level. resources. As with most subjects, there is The organizers of the U.N. conference e Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, I litigation on the books which author- might well draw lessons frorn a symposium supported H.R. 7700, with the sincere 9968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 hope that this bill will return the Postal just may generate the innovations and Certainly, this latest pronouncement Service to some degree of respectability. efficiencies so badly needed in the Postal by the administration is evidence of this The bill will now return to the President Service. This competition from private transformation. It comes at the wrong and the Congress some of the oversight carriers would drive down first-class time and can do nothing but further over the Postal Service that we relin­ rates, particularly for local delivery. exacerbate the already tense situation quished in 1971. The Postmaster General During the 1840's and 1850's, private ex­ that exists in the Middle E~t. The road will again be a Presidential appointee, press companies forced the Government to peace is difficult, and the administra­ Congress will be able to veto any policy to lower its first-class rates from 25 tion has chosen to throw one more stum­ changes, such as cancellation of Satur­ cents to 3 cents-a rate that survived bling block in the way. day mail deliveries and the closings of until 1958. Israel is today what it has always rural post offices. The bill requires the Another solution which does not ex­ been-our principal ally in the Middle Postal Service to detail to Congress each clude the first, would be to denationalize East. While there have been occasional year how it plans to spend its money, the Postal Service. There is no reason for differences of opinion over the specifics and it abolishes the Board of Governors. continuing postal service as a national­ of U.S. policy with respect to Israel, every The Postal Service in its present form ized industry merely because it has his­ American President since Harry Truman is just not fulfilling the purpose for which torically been a Government enterprise. has affirmed our commitment to insure it was created. It is plagued by misman­ When the Federal Government and the the survival of Israel. agement and lack of accountability. post office were founded in 1789 there We entered into that commitment There are few incentives for its man­ was little alternatives to Government knowing full well the obstacles ahead. agers and employees alike. ownership and operation of the postal We did so, because of our affinity for a The passage of the Postal Reorganiza­ system. However, means of financing nation built on the same democratic prin­ tion Act in 1971 was supposed to make large-scale businesses have long since ciples as our own country; our ties to the the Postal Service more efficient. How­ been available. There is no longer any cultural and religious heritage of the ever, what we have today is almost total need for the Federal Government to re­ Jewish people, and our profound admira­ public dissatisfaction. The U.S. Postal main the sole supplier of postal services. tion for the readiness of the Israeli Service is one of the 1O largest corpora­ As a privately run business, the Postal people to fight, when necessary, to defend tions in America, whose labor force is Service would compete with other forms their existence as a free and independent surpassed only by General Motors and of communication and distribution, and state. Amerioan Telephone and Telegraph. The would flourish or die according to its suc­ Reorganization Act authorized Congress cess in meeting the needs of its custom­ Our original commitment to the Jew­ to appropriate an annual public subsidy ers. The Postal Service would then pay ish people has been a cornerstone of of $920 million for the Postal Service taxes instead of being a drain on the American foreign policy. We cannot per­ from 1972 to 1979. That amount was to Treasury. It would raise needed capital mit the current machinations of the decline thereafter until 1984, when the in the open market at a fair cost rather Carter administration to undermine that subsidy could be eliminated, because the than wastefully through tax-financed commitment, particularly at this most Postal Service was supposed to be able Government guarantees. In other words, critical time in the Middle East nego­ to break even by that date. The closest it would get the job done, or give way to tiations. the Postal Service came to breaking even something better. THE ADMINISTRATION PACKAGE however, was in fiscal year 1973, when the There is no doubt that many questions While it is rumored that the adminis­ deficit was $13 million. It has been down need to be answered should full private tration may alter its February proposal, hill ever since. competition come to pass. But, private it appears that the President will con­ Part of the problem lies in the passage enterprise has given us good service. We tinue to endorse arms sales for Israel, of the 1971 Postal Reorganization Act. do not hear many complaints about tele­ Egypt, and Saudi Arabia as part of a On the one hand, the law says: phones, energy, airlines, and so forth, package, leaving Congress the narrow The postal service shall have as its basic which is all the more reason why I be­ option of approving or rejecting the en­ function the obligation to provide services to lieve private enterprise can also give us tire package. I am opposed to the con­ bind the Nation together through the per­ good mail service. cept of a package sale, and I am firmly sonal, educational, literary and business Thus, this "yes" vote of mine is the opposed to selling sophisticated weap­ correspondence of the people. last one I will cast for postal subsidies or onry to the enemies of Israel. I hope that However, other bail-outs when they are not accom­ Congress will soundly reject the pro­ Postal ra.tes and fees shall provide suffi­ panied by other reforms or requirements posal-thus sending a clear message to cient revenues so that the total estimated that insure quality of service for the the White House that their drifting income and appropriations to the Postal American public and insure that Ameri­ Middle East policy will not be tolerated. Service wlll equal, as nearly as practicable, can tax dollars are not being poured ARMS FOR ISRAEL total estimated costs of the Postal Service. down a rat hole.• In February, the administration pro­ It is obvious that public-service and posed the sale of 15, F-15 fighter planes break-even mandates are incompatible. for Israel. These are sophisticated, long­ Part of the problem lies in the fact range fighters. Israel had requested 50 that the Congress did not give the Postal ARMS SALES TO EGYPT AND SAUDI F-15's, 25 of which it is already acquir­ Service enough freedom while at the ARABIA-PRESIDENT'S PROPOSAL ing. The administration has reduced the same time we failed to require cost-effec­ MUST BE REJECTED number of the additional F-15's Israel tive management or put a limit on non­ will receive from 25 to 15. Israel also mail delivery expenses. HON. ROBERT W. KASTEN, JR. requested 150, F-16 fighter/bombers, While I supported H.R. 7700, I con­ OF WISCONSIN with the administration approving the sider it only an interim solution and a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sale of only 75, for approximately $1.5 distasteful one at that. The fact that the billion. Postal Service has not worked out to our Wednesday, April 12, 1978 The United States has a standing com­ expectations, does not mean that the • Mr. KASTEN. Mr. Speaker, in the near mitment since 1975 to sell Israel these concept was ~. mistake. I think that what future, President Carter is expected to aircraft. A pledge to maintain Israel's we need are the right people who can do formally submit his three-part proposal defensive strength through providing the job. Obviously, this has not been to sell sophisticated fighter planes to advanced equipment was written into the done. Mismanaged private companies Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The President's Sinai II disengagement agreement. The lose customers and eventually go bank­ proposal is a dangerous "all or nothing" sale of F-15 and F-16 fighters should rupt, and it is this threat and the prom­ package that links the sale of weapons to proceed as promised during the Ford ad­ ise of profits that makes private enter­ these countries with the sale of long­ ministration. We cannot allow our allies· prise work. promised aircraft to Israel. to believe that promises by one American There is no such performance incen­ The administration's Middle East pol­ administration will be subject to reversal tive within the Postal Service. icy is reckless. It has transformed the by successive administrations. One solution may be the repeal of the United States from a partner with Israel U.S. policies in the past have private express statutes. Competition to a problem for Israel. been directed consistently toward seek- April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9969 ing a balance of military force among than $12 billion on advanced weapons is subjected to the budget process, it will the nations of the Middle East. In con­ and military construction. be kept within bounds. The editorial fol­ trast to its neighbors, Israel has only the The sale of the F-15's will mean a trip­ lows: United States from which to purchase ling of Saudi air strength compared with [From the Washington Star, April 8, 1978] arms. It must have full confidence that 1973. Saudi acquisition of the F-15's THE WHITE HOUSE STAFF the United States will supply the weap­ would be particularly disturbing in light The most recent legislative authorization ons necessary to insure its own defense. of the ongoing expansion of their air for White House staffing having been enacted ARMS FOR EGYPT bases, especially their principal base at nearly 40 years ago, it probably is time to Tabuk, which is only minutes flying time bring things up to date. The 14 presidential The second part of the administra­ assistants allowed in the 1939 law hardly fits tion's proposal includes the sale of 50 from Israel's Red Sea port of Eilat. The the need of the 1970s, even for a president F-5E's for Egypt. These are short-range presence of so advanced a weapons sys­ who has pledged to shrink the government. fighter/bombers that have been priced at tem on Israel's borders will not enhance But the corrective measure that came up $400 million for the shipment. Saudi Arabia's security. Rather, it will in the House the other day seemed a peculiar Unlike the sale of F-15's and F-16's to make Saudi participation as a fourth way to go about it. Israel, there is no prior U.S. commitment confrontation state in a future Arab con­ In the first place, it came to the House to sell either F-5E's to Egypt nor F-15's flict with Israel more likely. floor under a procedure that permitted no amendments and therefore required a two­ to Saudi Arabia. The sale of offensive The words of King Khalid in May thirds vote. Evidently the bill's supporters weaponry to Egypt, in particular, repre­ 1976 cannot be overlooked as we review thought it was non-controversial, a notion of sents a dramatic turnabout in U.S. Mid­ the terms of this sale : which they were quickly disabused. It pro­ east policy. When we build up our military strength duced much huffing and puffing, especially Part of the administration's rationale we have no aims against anyone except those on the Republican side; not only did it fail to is that Egypt must have reasonable as­ who took by force our land and our shrines get a two-thirds majority, it barely got a surances of its ability to defend itself in Jerusalem-and we know who that is. We simple majority (207 for and 188 against). now that it no longer receives military also believe that the strength of Saudi Arabia Telling a House member that he can't offer is a strength for the whole Arab and Islamic an amendment to legislation on the floor equipment from the Soviet Union. That world. We always intended to make use of all smacks of steamroller tactics and it's apt to logic is faulty. Egypt is presently strong military equ'.pment that might help build get a member's back up even if he doesn't enough to deter any real threat to her by our military strength. have strong feelings one way or another a hostile neighbor. Egypt continued to FAVOR ISRAELI SALE about a bill. receive arms from the U.S.S.R. through Mr. Speaker, there is absolutely no rea­ Republican members had, or at least 1977. Moreover, Egypt is presently re­ feigned, strong feelings against the bill. Re­ ceiving advanced aircraft from Britain son why these sales must be treated as a membering Democratic jibes about the size and France and is having her fleet of package deal. Each sale should be scru­ of White House staffs during recent Republi­ Mig 21 's refurbished by Lockheed and tinized on its own merits, with Congress can administrations, they complained that General Electric. Unlike Israel, Egypt's making the final decision of how we pro­ the bill would nearly double the number of defensive strength does not depend upon ceed. Long-promised arms to Israel super-grade positions-from 55 to 100--on should not now suddenly be held hostage the president's personal staff. The bill also the United States. would allow an unlimited number of White Providing F-5E aircraft to Egypt would to our country's military relationship with Saudi Arabia or our erratic politi­ House employees below the super-grade level. go against U.S. interests in the Middle The Republicans understandably had East. It would result in providing offen­ cal relationship with Egypt. trouble reconciling President Carter's pledge sive weapons to both sides of a conflict I favor providing Israel with 25 F-15's to reduce the White House staff with the and threaten Israel's security during and 150 F-16's-the full amount of these White House's support of a bill that would sensitive peace negotiations. aircraft Israel needs for its defensive auth-orize a big increase in the staff and purposes. Such a sale is in keeping with with its adamant position against subject­ Mr. Sadat's earlier peace initiatives ing the bill to amendments on the floor. were applauded by the world. If he really previous U.S. commitments to our ally. I am opposed to the sale of F-15's to The president's special assistant for ad­ wants peace, he does not need more ministration, Hugh Carter ("Cousin Cheap," fighter-bombers. If he decides to pursue Saudi Arabia and the F-5E's to Egypt. they call him around the White House be­ the war option, the United States can­ As Congress makes its decision on these cause of his parsimonious ways), explained not assume the position of having sup­ proposed sales, I am reminded of the that Mr. Carter had no intention of doubling plied Egypt with weapons it will use moving words of former Prime Minister the staff and, in fact, had reduced it since he against our long-time ally, Israel. Golda Meir, in an article she wrote for took office; but "we wanted to have plenty of flexibility in the future in the event of ARMS FOR SAUDI ARABIA the New York Times in January 1976: There are 21 Arab states, rich in oil, land, an emergency like World War III or some­ The third, and most objectionable ele­ and sovereignty. There is only one small thing and needed to increase the staff." ment of the arms package is the proposal state in which Jewish national independence Of course! You never can tell when another to sell 60 F-15's to Saudi Arabia at a cost has been dearly achieved. Surely it is not ex­ world war might come along. Even brush of $2.5 billion. travagant to demand that in the current fire wars can require a lot of White House The F-15 is the most advanced air­ power play the right of a small democracy attention-remember Vietnam? superiority fighter in the world. It is to freedom and life not be betrayed.e But where do you start or stop in the capable of long-range attacks and inter­ numbers game? Obviously 14 high-echelon ceptions. F-15's would enable Saudi Ara­ staffers aren't enough. But should the ceil­ THE WHITE HOUSE STAFF ing be 55, or 100, or some other number? If bia to strike deep into Israel. This sale the law establishes a ceiling above the num­ would effectively alter the balance of ber currently on hand, does that tend to en­ power in the region against Israel and HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI courage the White House to move toward make a military solution rather than a OF ILLINOIS the maximum allowed? negotiated settlement more appealing to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Why not authorize the president to have the Arab countries. as much staff as he, the Office of Manage­ The national interests of our country Wednesday, April 12, 197~ ment and Budget and the Congress deem ap­ in assuring peace and stability in the e Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I have propriate for the work at hand? The White Middle East would be jeopardized by this House ought to be required, of course, to been a longtime advocate of giving our justify its personnel requests to the appro­ sale. Nation's Chief Executive all the flexibil­ priate committees of Congress. And it ought America's aim of assuring Israel's se­ ity he needs in hiring and compensat­ to be required to account for the floaters curity will be directly undermined by the ing members of his White House staff. At that it "borrows" from time to time and for F-15 sale to Saudi Arabia, whose planes times, I have felt quite lonely in that varying periods from other executive agen­ with long-range lethal missiles could position. Now, I am happy to see I am in cies. neutralize Israel's F-15's on a 1-to-1 prestigious company. The Washington The White House ought not be constrained basis and pose an unprecedented threat by a numerical quota. It pays, as Cousin to Israeli bases and cities. Star, in an April 8 editorial, emphasized Hugh suggests, to stay loose at the seat of In the last 4 years, Saudi mili­ the folly of trying to put constraints on national government. Surely the annual tary strength has increased significantly. the size if the White House staff. As the budget process can keep the staff size within Since 1973, Saudi Arabia has spent more editorial pointed out, as long as the staff appropriate bounds.e 9970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 REPRESENTATIVE JACK KEMP TES­ of preventing potentially disastrous flood­ from Col. Ludwig elaborating on the Ellicott TIFIES IN SUPPORT OF FUNDING ing throughout the Niagara Frontier. The Creek project. Col. Ludwig's letter follows : FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUB­ flooding potential is caused by the melting DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, snow and ice left over from the record snow­ BUFFALO DISTRICT, LIC WORKS PROGRAMS falls. Last year the Buffalo area underwent CORPS OF ENGINEERS, an unusually slow spring, which resulted in Buffalo, N .Y., March 3, 1978. a comparable slow but steady snow melt. Cong. JACK KEMP, HON. JACK F. KEMP Spring of 1977 also saw a lot of high, dry OF NEW YORK House of Representatives, winds that evaporated much of the snow. Washington, D.C. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This year the snow level was almost as DEAR MR. KEMP: I certainly appreciate the Wednesday, April 12, 1978 deep. In a February 11, 1978 article in the thoughts given in your letter of 24 January Buffalo Evening News, reporter Paul McClen­ 1978 in response to my December letter ap­ • Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I nan states, "While the snow today is not as praising you of the status of projects and testified before the Public Works Sub­ deep, the concern is almost as great. In the studies in your Congressional District. committee of the House Committee on upland areas with streams leading into Lake In rereading your letter and my recent cor­ Appropriations on behalf of crucial en­ Erie, the corps estimates there is the equiva­ respondence to you, I realized that while I vironmental protection and public works lent of 4 inches of water in the snow pack have advised you of our capabilities for FY programs in my congressional district compared with a long-term average for this 1979 and our current progress on the Scaja­ and in western New York. There are a time of year of 1.67 inches. That's a lot o! quada Creek project, I had not given you an water if the snow suddenly melts and flows update on the Ellicott Creek flood control number of these projects that have gone into otherwise small creek beds .. .. Com­ unfunded or underfunded in President project. In my recent letter and meeting bined water content of snow in the Lake Erie with you I indicated my current efforts are Carter's fiscal year 1979 budget. and Genesee River tributaries spells poten­ being devoted towards completing the Phase These projects represent the culmina­ tial trouble for residents throughout Erie II Design Memorandum and that I expect to tion of many years of hard work by State, County from Cattaraugus Creek through the have that document approved in time for a local, and Federal officials, along with Buffalo-Cazenovia-Cayuga creeks region to 1979 start o! construction. Actually, con­ the people of the Niagara frontier, to the Ellicott and Tonawanda Creek water­ struction in 1979 is not only contingent upon create a better environment, better liv­ shed." timely completion of the Phase II Design ing conditions for homeowners in fiood­ This potential threat to the homes and Memorandum but also upon actions by my citizens of my District underlines the un­ higher headquarters and possibly even by prone lands, and an improved waterway predictability of nature, especially in a Congress with regard to the Phase I Design system all around the Buffalo area for northern area such as Buffalo, New York, Memorandum which I completed last year. increased commercial and recreational where the slightest variance from the norm The Phase I Design Memorandum was sub­ use. can spell disaster for countless numbers o! mitted thru the North Central Division o! I particularly urged the subcommittee people. We in the Federal Government have the Office of the Chief of Engineers and the to appropriate funds for the Ellicott a responsibility to do all that we can to pre­ Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors Creek Flood Control project, which has vent such devastations as this potential (BERH). The Phase I General Design Memo­ been halted due to the administration's flooding to the best of our ability, particu­ randum has a twofold purpose, (1) to depict policy of no new starts. The construc­ larly when literally thousands of dollars have construction proposed in response to your already been spent on preparatory studies legislation in 1974 WRA (Sec. 14, PL 93-251) tion of this project is crucial to the en­ and various planning stages. To literally halt and gain OCE approval !or construction o! vironmental well-being of Amherst, construction of vital flood control projects the lower portion of the project, (2) serve as Williamsville, and the entire 38th Con­ is indefensible when such action is taken ar­ a report as required by the basic authoriza­ gressional district. Such construction bitrarily, without good reason. tion (Sec. 201 of 1970 WRA, PL 91-611) re­ starts as this represents also mean many ELLICOTT CREEK FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT quiring review of Sandridge Reservoir. It has more jobs, and a badly needed economic been determined that a Post Authorization stimulus to western New York. The Administration has designated no Change Report is the vehicle by which we funding for this extremely important flood will address the requirement of basic author­ A copy of my statement follows: control project. I find it unconscionable that ization regarding review of Sandridge Res­ STATEMENT OF REPRESENTATIVE JACK KEMP OF the Administration could let a major proj­ ervoir. Modified Plan E is now recommended NEW YORK BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ect such as this suffer needless delays by in Phase I GDM in lieu of the Sandridge Res­ PUBLIC WORKS OF THE COMMITTEE ON AP­ totally eliminating vital funds in the FY 79 ervoir. A construction start on the lower end PROPRIATIONS; APRIL 12, 1978 budget. This project is of major importance of project requires a minimum of one year Mr. Chairman and my fellow members of to the entire Western New York area, and I after OCE approval of the pertinent part of the Committee on Appropriations: urge the members of this Subcommittee to Phase I GDM covering the lower portion o! I am here this morning to testify in sup­ restore the Corps' full funding request of the project authorized by your 1974 legis­ port of- $1,100,000. lation. OCE is now reviewing the Phase I Additional funding for the Ellicott Creek Ellicott Creek is the largest tributary of GDM. flood control project of $1,100,000; Tonawanda Creek and drains an area of ap­ I trust that this letter will bring you up Additional funding for the Cattaraugus proximately 110 square miles in Erie, Genesee, to date on the Ellicott Creek project. If you Harbor Project of $1,640,000; and Wyoming Counties. The Ellicott Creek need any additional information, pfoase con­ Additional funding for the Great Lakes/ Basin includes all of the villages of Alden and tact me. St. Lawrence Seaway Navigat ion Season Ex­ Williamsville and parts of 2 cities, one other Sincerely yours, tension Study of $1,025,000; village, and 10 towns. DANIEL D. LUDWIG, Additional funding for the Lake Erie Portions of the lower basin-notably the Wastewater Management Study of $400,000; Colonel, Corps of Engineers, towns of Amherst and Lancaster-are sub­ District Engineer. Additional funding for the Great Lakes to ject to periodic flooding, sometimes of an ex­ Hudson River Waterway Study of $215,000; As you can see, the Ellicott Creek Flood tensive nature. The danger of this is even Control Project has undergone substantial and the Administration's budget level re­ greater given the unusually large snowfalls quests for- study and effort by the Corps of Engineers, of the past two years, and the runoff that and is most desperately needed by the people Scajaquada Creek Flood Control Construc­ occurs from the melting snow and ice in the of Western New York. It is crucial that the tion Project; spring. Congress restore the Corps' requested funds Black Rock Lock, Tonawanda Harbor, and The development of the Ellicott Creek proj­ to this budget so that this vital work can Buffalo Harbor maintenance funds; and ect has suffered a temporary setback as the continue on schedule. Buffalo Metropolitan Area Study (Tona­ result of extensive Corps of Engineers stud­ CATTARAUGUS CREEK SMALL BOAT HARBOR wande. Creek) . ies which determined that extremely weak This is another important project for Mr. Chairman, I would like to take this soil conditions now exist along the banks of the creek. I was informed by Col. Daniel D. which the Administration has budgeted no opportunity to thank the Committee for pro­ funds, but for which the Coros of Engineers' viding me with this opportunity to testify Ludwig, District Engineer for the Corps in the Buffalo area, last June 3, that this meant FY 1979 capability is $1,640,000. This project today; and I would especially like to thank involves the con<;truction of two breakwaters Mr. Nowak and the other Western New York that the existing channel could not be en­ larged as previously proposed without sig­ at the mouth of the creek and the dredging Representatives who have worked so hard on of a channel between them. The project is these Public Works projects. nificant structural (fioodwalls and utility and road relocation) changes and resulting designed to keep the creek mouth open to re­ SPRING FLOOD THREAT IN WESTERN NEW YORK adverse impacts. The solution which Col. duce the threat of flooding resulting from ice Because of the now famous "Blizzard of Ludwig proposed was a new channel, extend­ jams and to provide recreational boaters un­ '77" along with the inordinately heavy snow­ ing from Pfohl Park and rejoining the creek restricted passage between the creek and falls in this past winter of 1978, Western just upstream of Niagara Falls Boulevard. Lake Erie. A detailed design of the Cattarau­ New York is faced with an urgent necessity On March 9 of this year, I received a letter gus Creek small boat harbor project is com- April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9971 plete, and the plans and specifications will be final feasibility report of the Lake Erie deep draft ship waterway, in competition completed this summer. Funding is now Wastewater Management Study will be com­ with the St. Lawrence Seaway. needed to begin construction. pleted in June 1978. This report will contain SCAJAQUADA CREEK FLOOD CONTROL CONSTRUC­ GREAT LAKES-ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY NAvIGATION a recommended wastewater management pro­ TION PROJECT SE.!'-SON EXTENSION gram for several Lake Erie tributaries. Ac­ cording to the Corps, these watersheds will Mr. Chairman, I support the full funding Here the Administraticn has budgeted that the Administration has budgeted for $6,459,000 out of the Corps FY 1979 capabil­ be intensively monitored, and the results will be used to develop a basin-wide plan for the Scajaquada Creek Construction Project. ity of $7,484,000, leaving a difference in fund­ in the amount of $500,000. ing of $1 ,025,000. The extension of the winter restoring Lake Erie to an acceptable water quality level. Detailed engineering and design Flooding along this creek has been per­ navigation season is crucial on the Great sistent and at times severe. Floods in May Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway corridor to all of the recommended wastewater management program for the entire Lake Erie watershed 1957, January 1959, August 1963, and Sep­ states w~ich are served by commerce along tember 1967, the latter two causing sub­ this waterway. is scheduled to commence after review and approval of this plan by the Congress. stantial damage, have been replaced in Mr. Chairman, I support the Great Lakes­ recent years with flooding every year. The St. Lawrence Seaway Navigation Season Ex­ ALL AMERICAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM/ GREAT Corps' design memorandum concluded that tension Demonstration Program and the LAKES TO HUDSON RIVER WATERWAY this annual flooding has been caused prin­ funding recommended by the Corps of Engi­ Along with my Western New York col­ cipally by the nearly complete urban devel­ neers for this project of $7,484,000. leagues, I strongly support an increase in opment along its course. Flooding again this Extending the navigation season on the the President's budget request from $35,000 spring is again a distinct danger. Great Lakes is of major importance to the to $250,000 for the Great L&.kes to Hudson This is not a large project in dollar terms. Port of Buffalo. Traffic moving from the River Waterway Study. This action has the It is a. large project, however, to those who upper lakes, down the chain, and into the full approval of New York State, and would now must annually suffer from the conse­ St. Lawrence Seaway frequently uses the serve to coordinate two previously au­ quences of not doing this construction work. facilities at the Port of Buffalo; thus, the thorized studies. In 1973 the Corps was The total cost is projected at $3,260,000, a. longer the navigation season on the entire authorized to investigate waterborne com­ small mount as most flood control projects lakes, the greater the use of the Port of merce between the Great Lakes and the go. The benefits to the people of Cheekto­ Buffalo. deep-draft Hudson River flowing down to waga, Lancaster, Depew, and Buffalo a.re cer­ There has been a remarkable increase in the Port of New York. This study con­ tainly worth this investment shared by the tonnage after December 15 over the years the centrated on the eastern portions of the Federal and local governments. demonstration program has been extended, New York State Barge Canal System, In a letter to me dated February 3, 1978, with increased tonnage through the Sao examining its feasibility for commercial use, Corps of Engineers District Engineer Daniel Locks and St. Mary's River operations up as while limiting any study of the western end Ludwig has outlined for me the progress of high as 9.1 million tons. However, due to the of the Barge Canal System to a feasibility this badly-needed flood control project. Un­ severity of the winter of 1976-77, the winter for recreational use. In May, 1977. the House fortunately, due to some unforeseen circum­ for which the latest figures are available, Public Works Committee approved a new stances primarily involving weather disrup­ tonnage fell to 2.93 million tons. Clearly, the Congressional authorization for the Corps to tions during the Blizzard of '77 and real es­ Corps' work on extending the navigation study and all American Transportation tate purchase delays by the New York State season on a reliable basis is vitally needed. System-a comprehensive study designed to Department of Environmental Conservation Any adverse environmental effects are examine multi-modal transportation sys­ {NYSDEC), Col. Ludwig informs me that he minimal, and some environmental benefits tems from Lake Erie to the eastern sea­ has been unable to utilize fully the FY 'i7 have actually been obtained through con­ board, in light of the increased projected funds allotted to this project. I am enclos­ trolling damage caused by free-flowing ice. Wie of the Great Lakes to transport low ing Col. Ludwig's letter here in my statement This demonstration program has worked sulphur coal from the Western States to for the record: effectively and efficiently. The savings and the east, and the availability of Buffalo as DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, benefits of the extended season include di­ a central transshipment point for further BUFFALO DISTRICT CORPS OF ENGINEERS, rect shipping costs, increased and stabilized transportation of such shipments to points Buffalo, N.Y., February 3, 1978. incomes and employment, and many other east. As a Representative from Western New Hon. JACK F. KEMP, regional benefits. There are estimates of $1.9 York, I was particularly interested in this House of Representatives, billion increase in regional output and $560 study's focus on the reestablishment of the Washington, D.C. million in wages per year, which would Port of Buffalo as a major shipping and trade DEAR MR. KEMP: The purpose of this letter create about 38,000 new jobs within the center for the northeast. In the interests of is to inform you of the current status of the Great Lakes Region. These are estimates comprehensive and coordinated planning Sc:ajaquada. Creek Flood Control Project in that have been made by the Bureau of Eco­ and efficient government investment, I, along the town of Cheektowaga. nomic Analysis of the Department of Com­ with my colleagues from Western New York, In our letter of 28 January 1976, we in­ merce. propose to consolidate the substantive formed you that the final design and plans Congress in 1970 recognized the urgency aspects of these two studies under one and specifications were being completed. We for improving water-borne commerce in the authority and one appropriation. also informed you that no new construction system, when it put the Winter Navigation I would like to point out most emphati­ starts were being included in the President's Board to work to study and demonstrate the cally that this study does not duplicate pre­ FY 77 budget. However, add on funding was feasibility of year-round, system-wide navi­ vious studies made by the Corps to simply subsequently provided in the FY 77 Appro­ gation. enlarge the Erie Barge Canal for increased priation Bill to enable us to proceed with In the 1974-75 and 1975-76 winter seasons, access by existing traffic. The purpose of this construction of the Scajaquada. Creek proj­ traffic has moved full-season through the Soo study is to determine which among all alter­ ect. Unfortunately, delays due to the impact Lock from Lake Superior into the lower lakes, native modes of transportation, including an of our own emergency work early last year carrying millions of tons of cargo. This has enlarged Barge Canal and possible trans­ and delays by New York State Department resulted in a benefit-cost ratio for upper shipments by rail, truck, or additional traffic of Environmental Conserva.tion (NYSDEC) lakes navigation through January each year on Lake Ontario, will be the cheapest and in obtaining required real estate have pre­ in excess of 3 to 1. For full-system, year­ most efficient method of transporting pro­ vented me from effectively utilizing the round service, the benefit to cost ratio is es­ jected increases of energy fuel such as low FY 77 funds. timated to be 9 to 1. sulphur coal from the Western states that We had anticipated some delays with prop­ Extension of the season will do a number primarily will use the Port of Buffalo as a erty acquisition and had purposely divided of things. It results in fuel savings. It dis­ transshipment center from the other Great project construction into two contracts to turbs the environment less than other modes Lakes ports. The completion of this project allow an early start in areas where real of transportation which would have to be would provide an alternative transportation estate problems appeared minimal. How­ used. It increases use of vessels and port fa­ system to the Welland Canal port that is ever, real estate for the Stage 1 construction cilities. It makes greater use of capital facili­ currently diverting traffic from the economi­ still was not available until late in Septem­ ties, and it provides for more stable employ­ cally depressed Western · New York area. I ber 1977. The Stage 1 contract was then ad­ ment, providing jobs on a 12-month basis for must emphasize, however, that the St. Law­ vertised and finally awarded in early No­ labor. I very strongly urge this Committee's rence Seaway is projected to be severely over­ vember 1977 (FY 78). support for full funding of this request, as crowded by the late 1980s, with major delays I am bringing this to your attention be­ more delays in the extension of the winter involved-approximately the date of the cause of your role in obtaining the FY 77 navigation season will have serious ramifica­ completion of the project if full funding for funds which I had stated a capability to use. tions on all Great Lakes Ports, including the the study is received. In addition, all exam­ I want you to know why we have not suc­ Buffalo harbor. inations of the expansion of the Erie Canal ceeded in performing as planned in FY 77, LAKE ERIE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT STUDY emphasize that, because of certain environ­ and I want you to know that it is now ap­ The funds requested by the Administration mental and economic considerations, the Erie parent the same real estate acquisition prob­ for this study are exactly half of the Oorps' Canal will only be considered to be expanded lems may delay the start of the St81Je 2 con­ FY 1979 capability-$400,000 out of a poten­ to an enlarged barge canal. Th~re are ab­ struction contract in FY 78. I have drawings tial $800,000. If full funding is restored, a solutely no plans to expand the Canal into a and specifications available for Stage 2 9972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 const ruction, but I cannot advertise until all AID TO ZOOS NECESSARY TO Whaling Commission, made up of the U.S. lands, easements and rights-of-way are PRESERVE WILDLIFE and 16 other nations, began to lower quotas available from the State. I now expect to on how many whales may be taken. award the Stage 2 contract in September of The limit set for 1978 is 17,839, less than a this year, but such a late award will mean third of the more than 66,000 taken in 1961. that the available FY 78 funding will not be HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST Experts believe that the quotas-if obeyed­ expended. I have closely coordinated this sit­ OF VIRGINIA will let the world's badly depleted whale uation with officials of NYSDEC and will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES herds grow significantly in the years ahead. continue to do so. I am satisfied they are do­ On land, perhaps the most conspicuous ing everything within their power to expedite Wednesday, April 12, 1978 step in the battle to save wildlife has been their real estate acquisition activities. e Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, the the expansion of national parks, national M~ present schedule is to complete Stage 1 April 17, 1978, issue of U.S. News & World forests and other refuges. No one has an in October 1978. Stage 2 construction ls now Report contained an excellent summary exact count on just how many such parks scheduled to start in November 1978 with now exist around the world. But World Wild­ of actions that are being taken through­ life Fund International, a money-raising completion in June 1980. out the world to preserve wildlife, and I will continue to keep you informed on the group, says it has provided aid for more than Scajaquada Creek project. I will also advise made an excellent case for the need to 200 major parks in 74 countries since the you concerning any funding transfers that intensify these efforts. fund was set up in 1961. take place. In the meantime, please feel free I would like to take this opportunity END OF AN ERA to contact me if you have any questions to share this article with my colleagues, The world's first national parks were estab­ about this matter. and to call particular attention to the lished centuries ago as hunting preserves for Sincerely yours, final three paragraphs. Since zoos are European and Asian royalty. Today, with the DANIEL D. LUDWIG, indeed becoming "Noah's arks," I believe need to protect wildlife recognized, hunting Colonel, Corps of Engineers, that it is essential that we take prompt in such parks is being limited or banned Di strict Engineer. and positive action on legislation such altogether. Even Kenya, famous not long ago I have received assurances from Com­ as H.R. 11295 to insure that these last for old-fashioned African safaris and big­ missioner Peter A. A. Berle of the NYSDEC, game hunts, has been forced to act. Last however, that the Department of Environ­ refuges of many species provide the best year, it banned all commercial hunting and mental Conservation has been working with possible facilities for their care and prohibited the sale of animal skins and Col. Ludwig "to assure that the easements preservation. trophies. are provided to the Corps of Engineers be­ The article follows: The world's largest system o! wildlife habitats is in the U.S.-a billion acres of fore the Corps' scheduled advertising date." PRESERVING WILDLIFE-A WORLDWIDE STRUGGLE In a letter which I received from Commis­ national and state parks, forests, wildlife Will the relentless spread of human popu­ refuges and other wilderness areas. Every sioner Berle on March 20, the Commissioner lation doom wild animals almost everywhere? said, "I can assure you that this Department year, lawmakers add more acreage. Now The danger is spurring measures ranging pending in Congress are proposals to put a ls doing everything possible to see that the from breeding programs to bans on hunting. project is built on schedule." third of the entire state o! Alaska under From one end of the earth to the other, an protection. I am confident that t he Corps' request for intensifying drive is under way to save wild­ $500,000 in FY 79 will be fully utilized, and The U.S. also is a leader in programs to life from extinction. rescue endangered species by con trolled will help to bring this vitally-needed project back on schedule. Dozens of nations, rich and poor alike, are breeding. This effort was given new empha­ joining hands to try to stem the steady dis­ sis in 1966, when Congress passed the En­ BLACK ROCK LOCK, TONAWANDA HARBOR, AND appearance of the earth's birds, mammals, dangered Species Preservation Act. The fed­ BUFFALO HARBOR fish and plants. eral Office of Endangered Species has set up I support the Administration's request for Forty-four countries are working to stamp recovery teams to bring 59 species back from $865,000 for River and Harbor maintenance out a flourishing international traffic in rare the brink of extinction, and some progress of the Black Rock Lock and Tonawanda Har­ animals and the products made from them. is being made. bor, and $1,415,000 for the Buffalo Harbor. Sea.fa.ring nations are cutting back sharply An early success story has to do with the These ongoing projects are the mainstay of on the hunting of whales, the largest living fragile, graceful whooping crane. By the the Port of Buffalo's economic activity, and creatures remaining on the globe. 1940s, only 14 of these birds remained in are crucial to the continued viability of North America, so few that they couldn't Scores of countries are creating and ex­ replenish their flock. Scientists removed eggs Buffalo as a Great Lakes Port. I am pleased panding national parks and game preserves. that the Administration recognizes the im­ from whooper nests and transferred them to portance of these projects. Inside and outside such preserves, the the nests of sandhill cranes, a related spe­ hunting of rare animals is being banned, and cies. The young whoopers were hatched and BUFFALO METROPOLITAN AREA STUDY stiff penalties imposed for violations. (TONAWANDA CREEK) reared by the sandhill fiock, under the close To replenish dwindling herds, conserva­ protection of federal authorities. Today, Additional data ls needed to complete the tion agencies are establishing special pro­ whoopers total 126, and scientists expect this report on the construction of two shallow grams to breed and manage both wild and number to keep edging upward. detention reservoirs, normally dry and ar­ captive animals. Similar progress, though not so dramatic, ranged in series along Tonawanda Creek be­ "The world has just begun to wake up to has been made with such species as the gray tween the village of Alexander and the city t he fact that if something isn't done, it will whale, cougar, bighorn sheep and trumpeter of Batavia. The Corps has informed me that lose its most spectacular wildlife," declares swan. this additional data should decrease the Keith M. Schreiner, associate director of the TOO MUCH PROTECTION amount of funding and time that will be re­ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Sometimes, endangered animals recover so quired for the project in its postauthorization GAPS IN ENFORCEMENT well that they become threats to mankind. stage. The Administration's request for $222,- Rare animals long have been protected by For example, the once-rare alligator has re­ 000 will be sufficient to complete this study. law in many countries. But enforcement has turned to the rivers and lakes of the South­ east in large numbers. Last fall, a man in OTHER PUBLIC WORKS PRO.JECT3 IN THE 38TH varied from place to place, and a thriving black market has encouraged massive poach­ Florida was killed by an alligator. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ing. Ivory from elephant tusks, for example, The result of such attacks: Alligators in Mr. Chairman, there are other important sells for $30 per pound on the world market. Florida and several other Southeastern projects such as shoreline erosion construc­ Zebra hides go for $600 or more. Rare ani­ states have been moved from the "endan­ tion in Angola along Lake Erie that remain of mals such as pythons and ocelots fetch gered" list,• which bans all hunting, to the prime importance to the residents of the 38th hefty sums from people with a hankering for "threatened" list, to permit the hunting of Congressional District of New York, but an exotic pet. troublesome animals. which are funded on a continuing basis by It was to curb such international traffic Despite the proliferation of wildlife-pres­ that an endangered-species treaty was ervation efforts around the world, experts the Corps of Engineers and do not need to be doubt that every species can be saved. Many listed here. I would like at this point to thank drafted in 1973 by 44 nations. The accord prohibits most imports and exports of more conservationists, in fact, are gloomy about Col. Ludwig of the Buffalo Corps for all his the long-range prospects. They cite the rec­ assistance in the past two years, for provid­ than 600 species of animals and provides for close cooperation between participating ord: Between 1771 and 1870, 12 mammals ing the New York Congressional delegation countries. became extinct. Between 1871 and 1970, at with efficient, quick and thorough advice and least 43 more species disappeared. Of the 10 At the same time, the protection given million species of animals and plants on counsel, and for providing the people of endangered species of sea creatures has been Western New York with dedicated and selfless earth today, perhaps 25 percent could be­ service. stepped up. Since the early part of this cen­ come extinct before the end of this century, tury, the hunting of seals has been governed Mr. Chairman, I wish to thank the Sub­ some conservationists fear. by international agreements. Whales were The impetus toward extinction springs committee for its time this morning and for given little protection, however, until the the consideration of these matters.e early 1960s. At that time, the International Footnotes at end of article. April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9973 from two human causes-uncontrolled tant question: How much are people here and ing Hazard on the Highways." That hunting and the spread of human popula­ abroad wiiling to pay to preserve wildlife? article pointed out that the number of tion. As people occupy a greater and greater Already, Americans pay hundreds of mil­ share of the earth's surface, they are rapidly lions of dollars in federal and state taxes and unsafe bridges in the United States has destroying wildlife habitats. This destruc­ for hunting and fishing licenses to support risen to a staggering figure of 105,000 tion is occurring on all continents but has wildlife efforts. Most other developed coun­ with an estimated replacement or repair been particularly evident in recent decades tries also have extensive programs. cost of $23 billion. Iowa alone has nearly in Africa, Asia and Latin America, where Most Third World countries, however, 14,000 such structures. Five of these, human population-growth rates are espe­ where much of the world's wildlife lives, are which already meet Federal criteria for cially high. An estimated 40 percent of the so pressed by massive social and economic assistance iand which could be scheduled rain forests-where 10 percent of all known problems that they have little money re­ for construction within the near future, living species are found-were destroyed as maining for wildlife conservation. people built farms and towns. In this situation, the fate of many animals would require $110 million. The result: Many once-plentiful creatures is being left in the hands of the world's In addition, there are special needs of the jungle and plain, such as the African zoological parks. Zoos are becoming increas­ and difficulties faced by bridges shared elephant, are being forced into smaller and ingly important as latter-day "Noah's arks," by more than one State. One such facil­ smaller areas, making food and shelter in­ preserving in captivity animals that can no ity, the Keokuk bridge, crosses the Mis­ creasingly scarce. In some game parks of longer exist in the wild. sissippi River from Keokuk, Iowa, in the Rhodesia, elephant overcrowding is so severe Some zoos, including those in London, congressional district which I represent, that thousands of elephants are being shot Frankfurt, San Diego, and Washington, D.C., to Hamilton, Ill., in the district repre­ so that the remainder will have enough food operate breeding farms where rare animals, and water to survive. such as the golden marmoset and Pere David's sented by Congressman TOM RAILSBACK. It Some authorities see the plight of the deer, are born and raised in captivity. is strategic as well to the commerce elephant and other threatened species as "We hope that such animals-some of and transportation needs of Missouri. merely the latest chapter in what Herbert which no longer exist in the wild-can some­ The Keokuk bridge was first constructed Spencer called "the survival of the fittest." day be reintroduced there, perhaps in 40 or in 1871 for purposes of carrying trains After all, they say, extinction is a natural 50 years," says Theodore Reed, director of the and horsedrawn carriages, and is only part of the evolutionary process. Many spe­ National Zoo in Washington, D.C. "That may 17.2 feet wide. Today, tractor trailers, cies, such as the dinosaur and the mammoth, be possible if man doesn't turn all of his which are nearly 8 feet wide, must stop became extinct long before human beings wilderness into desert and pollute his oceans." to allow another trailer to pass. A swing came on the scene, and further changes in span on the bridge is used about 3,000 nature's cast of characters seem certain as *TEN ENDANGERED SPECIES: HOW MANY ARE LEFT times a year to permit free :flow of Mis­ long as conditions on the earth continue to Estimates by wildlife biologists: evolve. Black-footed ferret ______sissippi River traffic. If that is so, why even make an effort at 5 California condor------·------40 The Tri-State Bridge Committee, wildlife preservation? Conservationists cite Whooping crane ______headed by Leona Nixon, executive di­ several reasons. 126 Florida panther ______200 rector, has pointed out that: National pride is one; some endangered Mountain gorilla ______1,000 Children have been born on a. bridge dur­ creatures, such as the American bald eagle, Eastern timber wolL ______1,040 ing drawspan openings. People have died on are considered patriotic symbols in their Indian tiger ______------__ 1,800 our bridge. In a recent traffic safety homelands. Preservation of beauty is an­ Bowhead whale ______2,500 study ... the bridge accident ra.te was dou­ other reason; many rare animals, like the Utah prairie dog ______3,300 ble the next highest accident rate of a.ny tiger, are considered as beautiful and irre­ Bs.ld eagle* ______4,000 intersection in the community . . .. With rail­ placeable as Renaissance art. roads leaving areas, trucking is becoming *Number in Lower 48 States. MAN ENDANGERED? more and more important. Farmers on the Thomas E. Lovejoy, program director of the NoTE.-U.S. species, except for gorilla, tiger Illinois side have been known to drive 60 World Wildlife Fund's U.S. branch, suggests and whale. miles to sell their grain rather tha.n drive still another re35on: "As a biological crea­ SouRCE.-U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 10 miles to Keokuk. . . . This bridge is the ture himself, man is dependent upon the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis­ hub of a tri-state shopping center of nearly survival of other creatures. If he continues tration, World WildUfe Fund, National Wild­ 60,000 people serving the towns of Hamil­ to allow animals to become extinct, he may life Federation.e ton, Warsaw, Nauvoo, and Carthage in Illi­ someday find himself endangered." nois; Alexandria., Wayland, Kahoka a.nd Whatever the arguments for saving wild­ Memphis in Missouri. It is imperative that life, the efforts to do so are running into in­ NEED FOR FEDERAL SUPPORT OF replacement of the archiac and hazardous 106 creasing resistance from people whose liveli­ BRIDGE REPLACEMENT year old Mississippi River Bridge be expe­ hoods would be affected. For example, por­ ditious. poises were given protection by a 1972 federal law. Yet it took years of court action to HON. JIM LEACH The magnitude of this problem was force American tuna fishermen to alter their OF IOWA further underlined during hearings which Congressman RAILSBACK and I fishing techniques, which were causing the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accidental killing each year of hundreds of chaired last year in Keokuk. thousands of porpoises swimming with the Wednesday, April 12, 1978 These kinds of problems are not un­ tuna in the Pacific Ocean. The changes, which • Mr. LEACH. Mr. Speaker, as a repre­ common, even for bridges entirely lo­ involve use of large-mesh nets to avoid en­ snaring the porpoises, reduced the kills by 96 sentative from Iowa-the State which cated within a single State. To deal more percent. leads the Nation in number of deficient effectively with the bridge safety issue, Arguing that the whale hunt is an im­ or obsolete bridges-I am very encour­ I am today introducing legislation which portant part of their ancient traditions, aged by the increased attention which goes beyond existing bridge replacement Alaskan Eskimos in December won partial the Federal bridge replacement program and repair legislation in several respects. exemption from a worldwide ban on hunting has been receiving recently. Both the Under this bill, the Secretary of the U.S. the bowhead whale, a species that may num­ hearings and the most recent legislation Department of Transportation could, for ber no more than 2,500. The Eskimos re­ under discussion in the Subcommittee on the first time, make available $200 mil­ ceived permission from the International Whaling Commission to land up to 12 bow­ Surface Transport8tion of the House lion each fiscal year for the specific pur­ heads per year. Conservationists fear this may Public Works and Transportation ·com­ pose of meeting the special needs of encourage Russia and Japan, which take 85 mittee have given this problem the at­ bridges connecting two States. Due to percent of the world catch, to seek further tention which it so urgently needs. the unique budgetary difficulties which exemptions from the whale quotas. I fully support new legislation to face such interstate structures in having LAS'i' REFUGE remedy the problem and to expand the to secure the agreement and financial In one particularly controversial case, the special bridge replacement program commitment of more than one State gov­ Tennessee Valley Authority and some busi­ which currently authorizes financial as­ ernment, relief can be stalled or delayed ness groups are appealing to Congress and sistance for bridges on the Federal !.lid for indefinite periods. On the other hand, the Supreme Court to reverse a federal-court system at a level of $180 million a year the failure or inadequacies of such decision blocking completion of the 116-mil­ under a 75-25 Federal/State matching bridges can pose critical problems for lion-dollar Tellico Dam. The court held that the commercial and transportation needs the dam's completion would violate the En­ formula. That level of assistance unfor­ dangered Species Act by destroying the last tunately does not even begin to meet the of the people in more than one State. remaining habitat of the snail darter a 3- needs which were outlined in a Jan­ I applaud the efforts of several of my inch fish found only on the dam site.' uary 9, 1978, U.S. News & World Report colleagues in trying to improve the as­ The Tellico controversy raises an impor- article entitled, "Weak Bridges: Grow- sistance available for all bridges under 9974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 the existing program and am likewise ommend Mr. Bleiberg's perceptive Dean Witter and General Motors, as well as urging an increase in aid for onsystem article: on the homes of officers and directors of bridges from the current $180 million to TERRORIST THREAT-IN THIS COUNTRY ONLY Pacific Gas & Electric, a favorite target. In the Golden State (as our colleague, Jim $500 million. In addition. my bill would THE LAW-ABIDING ARE LIVING DANGEROUSLY Grant, not long ago carefully documented), authorize $500 million more for off­ Last month's issue of Enterprise, the Jour­ wiretaps by city and state authorities are system bridges, for a combined total each nal of the National Association of Manufac- prohibited, nor may federal agents share year of $1 billion to be apportioned to the turers, carriers an article that strikes us as whatever they glean in this way with the 50 States. must reading these days for businessmen. local police. Small wonder that since the The share distributed to each State In between such more or less standard fea­ first bomb exploded nearly half-a-decade would be calculated according to a ratio tures as "Personal Tax Reduction" and ago, only the FBI has had even a measure "World Trade Objective-Free But Fair" ap­ of success In tracking down the perpetrators. of number of bridge feet needing re­ pears a piece with the jolting headline "How placement or repair in that State to the For that matter, the forces of law and order to Protect Yourself Against Terrorists," ex­ everywhere lately have found themselves national total of bridge feet needing aid. cerpted from a talk given before the NAM's handcuffed. Left-wing lawyers, banded to­ Funds so apportioned would be an­ Board of Directors recently by Edgar N. Best, gether in Communist fronts, have launched nounced to each State 3 months prior to deputy assistant director of the Federal litigation aimed at frustrating undercover the beginning of the fiscal year in order Bureau of Investigation. efforts by federal agents, one of whom has to cooperate with State budget planning In two tightly packed pages, the FBI man even been indicted (at the behest of the procedures, and would remain available proceeds to tell us all that we ever wanted Department of Justice) for allegedly show­ to the State for obligation 2 years follow­ to know-and perhaps a bit more-about ing, in the performance of his duties, an ex­ kidnapping (or "hostage situation," as it's cess of zeal. Congress, in turn, has opted to ing the fiscal year in which the funds called). Pre-planning, we learn, is important: were first made available. Contrary to abolish the House committee which used to keep ready to hand, preferably in a red note­ investigate subversion and terrorism, foreign current Federal policy, such moneys book, designed to alert your secretary to the and domestic alike. To add insult to injury, would be available for rehabilitation in situation, a hostage telephone checklist. See an aptly named Subcommittee on Oversight, addition to replacement for bridges that your board of directors has duly passed headed by Rep. John Moss (D., Calif.­ deemed significantly important, unsafe a resolution authorizing the payment of natch), lately has sought to intimidate and structurally, deteriorating, or function­ ransom, and designating at least two cor­ harass, if not put out of business altogether, ally obsolete. Inventories of such struc­ porate officers-"these things can happen at Research West, Inc., one of the few private any time of the day or night"-as paymasters. organizations with the expertise to help com­ tures, off and on the Federal aid system, Learn a few tricks of the trade, like opening are authorized by the bill. panies protect lives and property. In some up the lining of the case which will contain parts of the country, including the nation's It is my hope that the guidelines set the money and marking it with your initials capital, terrorists evidently have free run of forth in this legislation will be given con­ and the date. Above all: "One of the main the place; only the law-abiding live sideration during the continuing review things you must insist on is a simultaneous dangerously. of comprehensive surface transportation transfer of the ransom money and the vic­ Just how dangerously, the morning news­ legislation. The bridge problem is not tim. Really negotiate on that point. You paper every few weeks or so makes alarm­ only serious, it is urgent. We dare not don't want to pay the money and get the ingly clear. According to one official source, wait for further loss of life or economic hostage later." terrorists launched 239 attacks-bombings, Along with the chauffeured limousines, kidnappings and assassinations-on in­ well-being in our communities before we three-martini lunches and other corporate take action.• dividuals and their property throughout the perks, threats of terroristic attack now evi­ world last year, up from only 37 a decade dently go with the job. Indeed they do. Long ago. Using a different set of statistics, in­ a way of life in such troubled and volatile cluding others besides executives, the FBI's parts of the world as Argentina and Uruguay, Best told the NAM that in 1977, "we had TERRORIST THREAT a.cts of violence against businessmen, in­ 270 cases of kidnapping and 291 hostages cluding kidnapping and murder, lately have taken," up from 165 cases, involving 207 spread to Western Europe, where crimes of hostages, in 1976. Numbers aside, the at­ HON. LARRY McDONALD the kind have erupted In France, Italy and tacks, on victims chosen either for their OF GEORGIA West Germany. In this country, the FBI, prominence or symbolic value, have grown IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES though now under legislative and legal con­ increasingly bold and outrageous. Hans Mar­ straint, has gone on the alert. tin Schleyer, a West German industrialist, Wednesday, April 12, 1978 In the first press conference held since he was kidnapped and killed and his body took office, William H. Webster, new Director stuffed into a car trunk. The home of a e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, ter­ of the Bureau, disclosed that besides making rorism does not take place in a vacuum. San Farncisco banker and director of its expertise freely available to interested Pacific Gas & Electric was ringed with As Barron's editor Robert M. Bleiberg parties-for further information, call Jim fire bombs. FALN blasts, notably one out­ clearly understands, it is one tactic in the Ingram at (202) 324-3000-his agency is side the Mobil Building on 42nd Street in war against Western society designed to stepping up anti-terrorist training at its New York, which shattered windows and intimidate, disrupt, and demoralize the academy in Quantico, Va. Those who are on killed a passerby with deadly shards of glass, civilian sector. Mr. Bleiberg has ac­ the firing line, meanwhile, are taking what have become a more-or-less routine occu­ precautions they can. At the annual meeting in pational hazard in Fun City. curately noted his editorial commen­ of w. R. Grace & Co. two years ago (Barron's, tary that appeared in the April 10 issue May 17, 1976), J. Peter Grace made headlines In response, businessmen, at home and of Barron's that the basis for America's and raised eyebrows when that bulge under abroad, have begun to do what they can internal security protection against ter­ his suit jacket turned out to be a revolver. to protect themselves. That hot line to the rorism was the House Committee on In­ Seems that his home had been cased and FBI's Jim Ingram is perpetually busy, while his name had turned up on a number of private firms that specializf) in industrial ternal Security. The committee was re­ security report mounting interest in their sponsible for providing Congress with radical hit lists. One way or another, more and more U.S. businessmen these days are services. Last year, the Conference Board the information it needed so as to enact under the gun. disclosed that persistent terrorist attacks new laws to meet changing challenges Like command, it's a lonely place. Unlike against business had forced a growing num­ from our enemies. The House Committee the state of affairs in other countries, or until ber of companies to tighten their security. on Internal Security was abolished just recently in our own, the law enforcement Last November, Newsweek put the case when it had begun investigations of in­ authorities have been hard-pressed, if not more graphically. "Nervous executives are helpless, to cope. Look at the dismal track hiring bodyguards, armor-plating their ternational and domestic terrorism. The cars, enrolling their chauffeurs in evasive­ terrorism continues to increase which record. Eighteen months to find Patty Hearst, fledgling terrorist who, so to speak, never driving schools, equipping their homes and demonstrates that it is time for us to re­ left town. In New York City, the FALN, revo­ offices with security devices, cultivating an constitute the Internal Security Com­ lutionary group which claims to be fighting inconspicuous and unpredictable life-style mittee. We need laws to enable our law for Puerto Rican independence, has gone and, in some cases, becoming virtual re­ enforcement and intelligence agencies unapprehended for years while committing cluses. At the same time, most major cor­ to move against the terrorists and their one atrocity after another, notably the porations are devising elaborate security networks of supporters. bombing of Fraunces Tavern, a foul deed programs, spending millions of dollars in the which left scores injured and took several process on everything from bomb-detection I urge my colleagues to join with me in lives. By the same token, the so-called New gear to kidnap insurance." urging the Rules Committee to report World Liberation Front, with virtual im­ Self-help, of course, lately has grown in­ out House Resolution 48 so we can vote punity, has boasted over 50 bombings in creasingly vital, if not yet quite a matter on reconstituting the Internal Security California, Colorado and Oregon, including of life-and-death. Owing to an unholy al­ Committee. Toward that, I highly rec- attacks on the facllities of Adolph Coors, liance of left-wing lawmakers, journalists April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9975 and alleged consumer champions (who ad­ Arthur Cox, is a paid consultant to Warnke. on cruise missiles. Now Warnke has nego­ vocate the endless aggrandizement of gov­ Cox's argument (published April 2) is as tiated an agreement that limits the number ernment power except in such realms as na­ follows: of cruise missiles and limits them to a 600- tional or internal security), intelligence At Vladivostok, in 1974, Gerald Ford and kilometer range, while leaving the Soviets agencies have been all but crippled. The Leonid Brezhnev agreed to limit each side free to deploy an unlimited number of House Committee on Internal Security has to 2,400 strategic weapons. Although the Backfires. been abolished. Throughout the country, United States knew Backfire's capabilities, From its first sentence, which asserts that files on subversive and violence-prone or­ the United States did not refer to it as a opponents of Warnke's treaty are really op­ ganizations, laboriously built up over dec­ strategic weapon. And Backfire's supersonic ponents of all strategic arrns limitation, to ades, have been systematically impounded capability proves that it is not a strategic its last sentence, which dismisses the Back­ locked up or destroyed (perhaps liquidated weapon, because "at supersonic speed, its fire controversy as a "charade," Cox's article is a better word). Law enforcement bodies fuel would burn up before it could reach the is misleading. The narrowing, descending by and large now are barred from pene­ United States." path to defeat in the Senate is paved with trating Marxist-Leninist cells or even And flying subsonic, Backfire "could easily such stuff.e avowedly terrorist groups. And Research be shot down by supersonic U.S. inter­ West Inc., which in its own small way has ceptors." To pacify American opinion, the sought to fill the growing vacuum in per­ administration wants "assurances" that HELP FOR FARMERS: THE NEED sonal and corporate security, has fallen Backfire will not be used strategically. Such FOR TRUTH IN LEGISLATION afoul of the Moss Subcommittee; the latter assurances might include Soviet promises not has subpoenaed its confidential files and to base Backfire in the Arctic and not to threatened its intrepid owner with a cita.­ build tanker aircraft for refueling Back­ HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. tion for contempt. That's what you call put­ fire. OF MICHIGAN ting first things last. The refuting facts are: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In seeking to justify such incredible be­ In 1974, there were fewer than 25 Back­ havior, Congressman Moss et al. have tried fires deployed and there was no settled U.S. Wednesday, April 12, 1978 to draw the line between advocacy and ac­ judgment about Backfire's range. Now it is tion, legitimate dissent and criminal con­ known that, unrefueled, Backfire can strike e Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, the spiracy. All well and good, but thanks to U.S. targets and land in a third country, plight of smaller farmers in America, the activists, that fine line has grown in­ such as Cuba. And when refueled by airborne like the plight of unemployed workers, creasingly blurred. Thus, Ralph Nadar, that tankers, it can fly round-trip. is a condition that the Federal Govern­ presumably peaceful advocate of social That Backfire cannot fly supersonic all the ment and our society in general have too change, has been quoted as saying: "If way to U.S. targets proves nothing. No su­ long neglected. Both problems have com­ someone tries to break into your house, personic bomber is supposed to operate su­ mon sources. In the absence of a full you can retaliate lawfully. In the case of a personically during more than a small frac­ nuclear reactor, the self-defense is projec­ tion of a mission. Fuel consumption cannot employment policy, the economy will tive. But what are you going to do, wait be sustained for long at supersonic speeds, continue to operate far below full pro­ until radioactivity is all over the place? especially at low altitudes, where such air­ duction and employment levels, and Shouldn't you destroy property before it craft are designed to be able to operate farmers as well as urban workers will destroys you?" Militants in the Clamshell supersonically. suffer inadequate incomes and high lev­ Alliance, who several times have illegally The normal attack profile of supersonic els of joblessness. It is for this reason occupied the premises of the Seabrook bombers such as Bl (which President Carter that I have devoted considerable effort nuclear power plant of Public Service Co. shot down) and Backfire is "hi-lo-hi": a to winning support for the Humphrey­ of New Hampshire, and threaten come sum­ high subsonic flight to the enemy nation, a mer to stage a rerun, plainly have paid low radar-evading penetration with a short Hawkins Full Employment and Balanced such counsel heed. (Critical Mass Energy supersonic dash to the target, and a high Growth Act. This legislation would put Group, a Nadar anti-nuclear power group, subsonic return. The fuel penalty for using in place an economic plan that provides is pushing the probe of Research West.) afterburners to fly supersonic in the low at­ for a stable farm economy as well as At open meetings of the Socialist Scholars tack phase is so heavy that bombers must health business and industrial condi­ in the late 'sixties, left-wing extremists limit such use to brief bursts to elude enemy tions. blatantly announced their plans to foment air defenses, and to sprint away from blast Another source of the problem is the riots in the nation's cities. A defunct Fellow areas. tremendous increase in the concentra­ of the Institute for Policy Studies, socialist If, as Cox asserts, the supersonic Back­ braintrust in Washington, D.C., has been fire should not be counted under SALT lim­ tion of economic power that has taken unmasked as an agent of the KGB. Like its because it would be easy prey for U.S. place in agriculture as well as industry. diplomacy, terrorism is the pursuit of war interceptors, then surely he must insist that A direct result of this is the ability of by other means. It's a war this country is the United States should not be required big firms to engage in administered pric­ losing.e to count its subsonic B52s, which are easier ing and monopolistic tactics that raise prey for the 2,600 modern Soviet supersonic consumer prices while denying small interceptors. (The Soviets also have 10,000 farmers and firms a fair rate of return. SALT "ASSURANCES" air-defense missiles; the United States has none.) The heightened political awareness Backfire's strategic capability is unques­ and activism among farmers is to be ap­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO tionable, and its strategic role is anticipated plauded and cheered. The more citizens OF CALIFORNIA in Soviet strategic writings. Soviet doctrine who get involved in the political process, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plans for a "third phase" nuclear conflict, the better off this country will be. This which involves eliminating what remains of is how our Government ought to oper­ Wednesday, April 12, 1978 the enemy's nuclear capability (unemptied ate. In this spirit, I and my staff have e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I silos, command-and-control facilities). This devoted more than 10 hours with the would also be the "pin down" phase, when 150 would like to bring to the attention of the enemy is driven to capitulation by con­ more than farmers who have called, my colleagues the following editorial by tinuing attacks on civilians. wrote or visited me. Mr. George F. Will concerning the pro­ It is said the United States could be "as­ Unfortunately, what the great major­ posed Salt II treaty. sured" that Backfire would not be used ity of small farmers need most to im­ The editorial follows: strategically in a nuclear crisis if the Soviets prove their situation will not come about [From the Washington Post, April 6, 1978) would not build refueling tankers, and through H.R. 6782. It is the wrong kind THOSE SALT "ASSURANCES" would promise not to base Backfires in the of measure, and is probably unacceptable Arctic. But the Soviets already have modern­ to most Americans. This farm bill will (By George F. Will) ized heavy bombers to serve as tankers, and The Washington Post recently carried an reportedly are building a version of the 1176 have the following adverse effects for article that deserves national attention. It jet transport for tanker service. A Soviet farmers and society as a whole: is an example of the kind of advocacy the promise not to base Backfires in the Arctic Raise consumer food prices an addi­ nation soon will hear in defense of what the would not be reassuring. In a crisis, both tional 2 to 4 percent beyond the expected Carter administration is doing in the stra­ nations would do what Kennedy did dur­ 7 to 9 percent; tegic arms limitation talks (SALT). It illus­ ing the Cuban missile crisis: deploy forces Add an estimated $5 to $7 billion to trates why the treaty that will be produced at forward bases. an already large Federal budget deficit; oy Paul Warnke, the administration's chief Neither Backfire nor the U.S. cruise mis­ negotiator, will be rejected by the Senate. sile was mentioned in the Vladivostok ac­ Assist the largest farms at the expense The article concerns the controversy about cord. One reason the United States did not of small farms who it is estimated will whether the Soviet Backfire bomber should demand inclusion of Backfire was that the receive only 15 percent of the bill's bene­ be counted as a strategic weapon. The writer, Soviets would then have demanded limits fits; CXXIV-628-Part 8 9976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 Hurt dairy and livestock farmers by Commerce, Science, and Transportation Judiciary driving up f eedgrain prices, further Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ To hold a business meeting. mittee 2300 Dirksen Building fueling long-term inflation; and To mark up S. 2527, proposed FY 79 au­ Will seriously deplete f oodstocks which thorizations for NASA. APRIL 17 will further push up prices for con­ 1202 Dirksen Building 9:00 a.m. sumers. Judiciary Energy and Natural Resources The sad truth is that farmers have Improvements in Judicial Machinery To hold hearings on S. 2821 authoriz­ been terribly misled by this bill which To hold hearings on S. 2253, to encour­ ing funds to the Government of Guam simply cannot accomplish what they and age prompt, informal, and inexpensive to construct certain public facilities, the rest of society need. The President resolutions of civil cases by use of and S. 2822, to provide for the re­ has indicated in the strongest manner arbitration in U.S. district courts. habill tation and resettlement of Bi­ 2228 Dirksen Building kini Atoll. that he will veto such a measure. 3110 Dirksen Building There are other and better ways that Select Small Business To hold hearings on the nomination of Human Resources I can support to assist farmers in trou­ Milton D. Stewart, of New York, to be Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor ble: Create new low-interest credit pro­ Chief Counsel for Advocacy, Small Subcommittee grams geared to hard-pressed farmers; Business Administration. To mark up S. 2090 and S. 2081 proposing increase the grain reserve program; pro­ 424 Russell Building an extension of certain programs of hibit large nonfarm corporations from 9:30 a.m. the Economic Opportunity Act. investing in farm land; improve pro­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 4332 Dirksen Building grams for direct farmer-to-consumer To resume mark up of S. 2065, 2470, and Judiciary marketing, establish floor prices that are 2546, bills to protect consumers' rights Criminal Laws and Procedures Subcom­ fair to the American farmer; and ex­ in the operation of electronic fund mittee pand· our agricultural products export transfer systems. To resume hearings on S. 2013, to require programs. 5302 Dirksen Building the additional labeling of explosive While I appreciate the farmers' plight, Environment and Public Works materials for the purpose of identifi­ To hold hearings on the nomination of cation and detection. under the circumstances I cannot vote 1318 Dirksen Building for H.R. 6782.e William E. Albers, of the District of Columbia, to be Alternate Federal Co­ Judiciary chairman of the Appalachian Regional Constitution Subcommittee SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS Commission. To hold hearings on S.J. Res. 65, to 1224 Dirksen Building amend the Constitution so as to pro­ Title IV of the Senate Resolution 4, Environment and Public Works vide for representation of the District agreed to by the Senate on February 4, Resource Protect Subcommittee of Columbia. in Congress. 1977, calls for establishment of a system To continue oversight hearings on and 5110 Dirksen Building for a computerized schedule of all meet­ the reauthorizations for the Endan­ Special Aging ings and hearings of Senate committees, gered Species Act ( P .L. 93-205) . To resume hearings to explore alterna­ subcommittees, joint committees and 4200 Dirksen Building tives in long-term health care for committees of conference. This title re­ Judiciary older Americans. Administrative Practice and Procedure 1224 Dirksen Building quires all such committees to notify the Sub<:ommittee omce of the Senate Daily Digest-desig­ To resume oversight hearings on the op­ 9:30 a.m. nated by the Rules Committee-of the eration of the witness protection pro­ Environment and Public Works time, place, and purpose of all meetings gram under the Organized Crime Con­ Transportation Subcommittee when scheduled, and any cancellations trol Act (P.L. 91-452). To resume markup of proposed Federal or changes in meeting as they occur. S-126, Capitol a.id highway legislation. As an interim procedure until the com­ 10:00 a.m. 4200 Dirksen Building puterization of this information becomes Appropriations Judiciary operational, the Oftice of the Senate HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee To resume considerations of S. 1874, to To continue hearings on budget esti­ allow consumers and other parties Daily Digest will prepare this informa­ mates for FY 79 for HUD. tion for printing in the Extensions of 1318 Dirksen Building who have not dealt directly with an Remarks section of the t;oNGRESSIONAL antitrust violator to recover their Energy and Natural Resources damages under the antitrust laws. RECORD on Monday and Wednesday of Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ each week. committee 2228 Dirksen Building Any changes in committees scheduling To continue hearings on S. 2692, FY 79 10:00 a..m. will be indicated by placement of an authorizations for the Department of Commerce, Scien<:e, and Transportation asterisk to the left of the name of the Energy. To hold hearings on H.R. 9370, S. 2762, unit conducting such meetings. 6226 Dirksen Building and S. 2582, to provide for the develop­ ~eetings scheduled for Thursday, Energy and Natural Resources ment of aquaculture in the United April 13, 1978, may be found in Daily Energy Production and Supply Subcom­ States. mittee 235 Russell Building Digest of today's RECORD. To continue hearings on S. 2692, FY 79 MEETINGS SCHEDULED authorization for the Department of Energy and Natural Resources Energy. To hold hearings on pending nomina- APRIL 14 3110 Dirksen Building tlons. 8:00 a.m. 3110 Dirksen Building Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Foreign Relations Agricultural Research and General Legis­ International Operations Subcommittee Environment and Public Works lation Cubcommittee To hold hearings on proposed FY 79 ap­ Environmental Pollution Subcommittee To mark up FY 79 authorizations for the thorizations for the Board for Interna­ To hold hearings on S. 2083, proposed 011 Commodity Futures Trading Commis­ tional Broadcasting and Radio Free Pollution Liability and Compensation sion. Europe/ Radio Liberty. Act, and related bills. 4221 Dirksen Building 324 Russell Building 6202 Dirksen Building 9:00 a.m. Governmental Affairs Finance Armed Services To resume hearings on S. 991, to create a Public Assistance Subcommittee Research and Development Subcommittee separate Cabinet-level Department of To resume hearings on S. 2084, to replace To continue hearings on S. 2571, FY 79 Education. the existing Federal welfare programs authorizations for military procure­ 3302 Dirksen Building ment. with a single coordinated program. 10:30 a.m. 2221 Dirksen Building 224 Russell Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on the nomination of Select Indian Affairs To hold hearings on S. 1896, FY 79 au­ Henry Geller, of Virginia, to be Assist­ To hold hearings on S. 2712, proposed thorizations for the Hazardous Mate­ ant Secretary of Commerce for Com­ Indian Program Evaluation and Needs rials Transportation Act. munications and Information. Assessment Act. 235 Russell Building 5110 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9977 2:00 p.m. Select Indian Affairs Rules a..nd Administration Appropriations To hold hearings on S. 2375, to esta.blisll To resume hearings on S. 2 and S. 1244, State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary guidelines to be followed by the De­ to require periodic reauthorization of Subcommittee partment of the Interior in response Government programs, and to con­ To hold hearings on budget estimates to petitioning Indian tribes seeking sider other legislative and administra­ for FY 79 for the Department of State, an acknowledgment of a Federal re­ tive business. and on supplemental appropriations lationship. 301 Russell Building for FY 78. 5110 Dirksen Building 10:30 a.m. S-146, Capitol Commerce, Science, and Transportation APRIL 18 Seleot Small Business To resume hearings on H.R. 9370, S. 2762, 9:00 a..m. To resume hearings on S. 2259, to ex­ and S. 2582, to provide for the develop­ Environment and Public Works pand a..nd revise procedures for insur­ ment of aquaculture in the United Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee ing small business participation in States. To resume hearings on FY 79 authori­ Government procurement activities. 1202 Dirksen Building zations for the Nuclear Regulatory 424 Russell Building 2:00 p.m. Commission. 2:00 p .m. Appropria.tions 4200 Dirksen Building Appropriations State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Subcommittee Human Resources Subcommittee To receive testimony on budget esti­ Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor To hold hearings on budget estimates mates for FY 79 for the FBI, and on Subcommittee for FY 79 for International Organiza­ supplemental appropriations for FY 78. To continue markup of S. 2090 and tions and Conferences, and on supple­ S-146, Capitol S. 2081, proposing a..n extension of cer­ mental appropriations for FY 78. APRIL 20 tain programs of the Economic Oppor­ S-146, Capitol 9:00 a..m. tunity Act. Judiciary 4.232 Dirksen Buildi:ig APRIL 19 9:00 a.m. Citizens and Shareholders Rights and 9:30 a..m. Environment and Public Works Remedies Subcommittee Human Resources Water Resources Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 2390, the Citi­ Health and Scientftc Research Sub::om­ To consider proposed water resources zens' Access to the Courts Act. mittee legislation. 6226 Dirksen Building To mark up S. 2549, proposed FY 79 au­ 4200 Dirksen Building 9:30 a. .m. thorizations for the National Science Appropriations Foundations; S. 2416, to extend 9:30 a..m. Agricultural Subcommittee through FY 81 the program of assist­ Appropriations To resume hearings on budget estimates ance for nurse training; and S. 24'74, State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary for FY 79 for the Department of Agri­ to extend through FY 83 the Public Subcommittee culture and related agencies. Heal th Service Act. To receive testimony from Attorney 1224 Dirksen Building 1318 Dirksen Building General Bell on budget estimates for *Environment and Public Works FY 79 for the Department of Justice. Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee 10:00 a..m. S-146 Capitol Appropriations To consider proposed nuclear regulation State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Human Resources legislation. Subcommitteo Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommittee 4200 Dirksen Building To meet in closed session with Secretary To hold oversight hearings on the co· Human Resources of State Vance to discuss foreign ordination of Federal programs to Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommittee. policy. combat drug abuse. To hold oversight hearings on the Drug S-146, Capitol 4232 Dirksen Building Abuse Education Act (P.L. 91-527). 4232 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Judiciary Judiciary Financial Institutions Subcommittee Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on the ap­ To hold hearings on S. 2096, Right to To resume oversight hearings on the plication and enforcement of the FBI Financial Privacy Act, and S. 2293, to Drug Enforcement Administration's Charter. modernize the banking laws with re­ efforts to control drug trafficking on 2228 Dirksen Building gard to the geographical placement o!' U.S. borders with Mexico. 10:00 a..m . electric funds transfer systems. 424 Russell Buildina Appropria. tions 5302 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Appropriations To continue the hearings on budget esti­ Energy and Natural Resources Transoortation Subcommittee Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ mates for FY 79 for NASA. To hold hearings on budget estimates for 1313 Dirksen Building committ~e FY 79 for the FAA, Department of Appropriations To resume hearings on S. 2692, proposed Transportation. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary FY 79 authorizations for the Depart­ 1224 Dirksen Building Subcommittee ment of Energy. To hold hearings on budget estimates Room to be a".lnounced Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs for FY 79 for the Department of Jus­ Energy and Natural Resources Financial Institutions Subcommittee tice, and on supplemental appropria­ Energy Research and Development Su'!J­ To continue hearings on S. 2096 the tions for FY 78. committee Right to Financial Privacy Act, and S-146, Capitol To mark up S. 2692, FY 79 authorizations S. 2293, to modernize the banking laws Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs for the Department of Energy. with regard to the geographic place­ Financial Institutions Subcommittee 6202 Dirksen Build,ing ment of electronic fund's transfer sys­ To continue hearings on S. 2096, the tems. Right to Financial Privacy Act, and Environment and Public Works 5302 Dirksen Building S. 2293, to modernize the banking laws Environmental Pollution Subcommittee with regard to the geographic place­ To continue hearings on S. 2083, pro­ Energy and Natural Resources ment of electric funds transfer sys­ posed Oil Pollution Liability and Co:n­ Business meeting on pending calendar tems. pensation Act, and related bills. business. 5302 Dirksen Building 6202 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transports. tion Finance Environment and Public Works To resume consideration of S. 1381, set­ Public Assistance Subcommittee ting standards for State no-fault bene­ Transportation Subcommittee fit plans to compensate motor vehicle To continue hearings on S. 2084, to re­ To hold hearings on the status of pro­ accident victims. place the existing Federal welfare pro­ posed construction of a Federal Inter­ 235 Russell Building grams with a. single coordinated state Highway near Memphis, Tennes- program. Energy and Natural Resources see. Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ 2221 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building committee Judiciary Judiciary To resume hearings on S. 2692, FY 79 To resume hearings on FY 79 authori­ To continue hearings on FY 79, authori­ authorizations for the Department of zations for the Department of Justice. zations for the Department of Justice. Energy. 2228 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building S-126, Capitol 9978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 12, 1978 Energy and Natural Resources Select Indian Affairs APRIL 25 Energy Research and Development Sub­ To resume hearings on S. 2712, proposed 9 :00 a.m. committee Indian Program Evaluation and Needs Human Resources To resume markup of S. 2692, FY 79 Assessments Act. Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor authorizations for the Department of 457 Russell Building Subcommittee Energy APRIL 24 To continue markup of S. 2570, to ex­ 3110 Dirksen Building tend the Comprehensive Employment Select Indian Affairs 9:00 a.m. Human Resources Training Act (CETA). To resume hearings on S. 2375, to estab­ 4232 Dirksen Building lish guidelines to be followed by the Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ bor Subcommittee 9 :30 a.m. Department of the Interior in response Environment and Public Works to petitioning Indian tribes seeking an To mark up S. 2570, to extend the Com­ prehensive Employment Training Act To consider proposed highway legisla· acknowledgement of a Federal rela­ ti on. tionship. (CETA). 4232 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building 318 Russell Building Judiciary 2 :00 p .m . 9:30 a.m. Appropriations To resume oversight hearings on the ap­ Environment and Public Works plication and enforcement of the FBI State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Regional and Community Development Subcommittee Charter. Subcommittee 2228 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on budget esti­ To consider proposed regional and com­ mates for FY 79 for the Department munity development lezislation. 10:00 a.m . of Justice. 4200 Dirksen Building Appropriations S-146, Capitol State, Justice. Commerce, the Judiciary Judiciary Subcommittee APRIL 21 To resume consideration of S. 1874, to 9:00 a .m. To receive testimony from Secretary of allow consumers and other parties Commerce Kreps on budget estimates Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry who have not dealt directly with an Foreign Agricultural Policy Subcommittee for FY 79 for the Department of antitrust violator to recover their Commerce. To hold hearings on S. 2278 and S. 2641, damages under the antitrust laws. S-146, Capitol the International Emergency Food Re­ 2228 Dirksen Building serve Act. 10 :00 a.m . Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 324 Russell Building Appropriations To continue oversight hearings on mone­ 9:30 a .m. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary tary policy. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee 5302 Dirksen Building Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ To hold hearings on budget estimates m ittee Energy and Natural Resources for FY 79 for the Department of Com­ To resume hearings on S. 499, 1500, 1546, To hold hearings to receive a report on merce, and on supplemental appro­ 1787, and 2465, to designate or add Federal policies and programs relating priations for FY 78. certain lands in Alaska to the National to tourism. S-146, Capitol Park, National Wildlife Refuge, Na­ 235 Russell Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs tional Wild and Scenic Rivers, and Na­ Environment and Public Works To hold oversight hearings on monetary tional Wilderness Preservation Sys­ Resource Protection Subcommittee policy. tems. To consider proposed resource protec­ 5302 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building tion legislation. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Finance 4200 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ Public Assistance Subcommittee Human Resources tions for the Fishery Conservation and To resume hearings on S. 2084, to replace Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ Management Act (P.L. 94-265). the existing Federal welfare program committee 235 Russell Building with a single coordinated program. To resume markup of S. 1753, author­ 2221 Dirksen Building izing funds t hrough FY 83 for the Energy and Natural Resources Foreign Relations Elementary and Secondary Education Parks and Recreation Subcommittee Foreign Assistance Subcommittee Act. To hold hearings on S. 2876, authoriza­ To continue hearings on FY 79 author­ 155 Russell Building tion ceilin3s and boundary modifica­ izations for foreign assistance pro­ tions of units of the National Park grams, and on S. 2420, proposed in­ Human Resources System. ternational Development Cooperation Handicapped Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building To mark up S. 2600, to extend certain Act. vocational rehabilitation programs Energy and Natural Resources 4221 Dirksen Building and to establish a comprehensive Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee 2:00 p .m . services program for the severely To hold oversight hearings on the im· Appropriations handi~apped. plementation of the Surface Mining State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary 154 Russell Building Act (P.L. 95-87). Subcommittee Judiciary 6226 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on budget esti­ To resume consideration of S. 1874, to Finance mates for FY 79 for the Department allow consumers and other parties Taxation and Debt Management Subcom­ mittee of Commerce. and on supplemental who have not dealt directly with an appropriations for FY 78. antitrust violator to recover their To hold hearings on S. 2738, to pro­ damages under the antitrust laws. vide for the indexation of certain pro­ S-146, Capitol 2228 Dirksen Building visions of the Federal income tax laws, Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and related bills. Securities Subcommittee 10 :00 a .m. 2221 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on H.R. 8331, the Secu­ Appropriations Foreign Relations rities Investor Protection Act. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Foreign Assistance Subcommittee 5302 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on budget esti­ To resume hearings on FY 79 authori­ Judiciary mates for FY 79 for NASA. zations for foreign assistance pro­ 1318 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ grams; S. 2420, proposed Interna­ tions for the Department of Justice. tional Development Cooperation Act; Appropriations 2228 Dirksen Building State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary and to mark up proposed FY 79 · au­ thorizations for the Peace Corps. Subcommittee APRIL 26 4221 Dirksen Building 9:00 a .m. To continue hearings on budget esti­ 2:00 p .m. mates for FY 79 for the Department of Appropriations Commerce, Science, and Transportation Justice. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ S-146, Capitol Subcommittee mittee To continue hearin3s on budget esti­ To hold oversight hearings to examine Energy and Natural Resources mates for FY 79 for the Department the science and technology aspects of To hold hearings no pending nomina- of Commerce, and on supplemental the Federal Research and Develop­ tions. appropriations for FY 78. ment budget. 3110 Dirksen Building S-146, Capitol 5110 Dirksen Building April 12, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9979 Human Resources Appropriations 10:00 a.m. Employment, Poverty, and Migratcry La­ State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry bor Subcommittee Subcommittee Foreign Agricultural Policy Subcommittee To continue markup of S . 2570, to ex­ To hold hearings on budget estimates To continue hearings on S. 2385, S. 2405, tend the Comprehensive Employment for FY 79 for the FCC, Federal Mari­ and S. 2504, bills to authorize the Training Act ( CETA) . time Commission, FTC, International Commodity Credit Corporation to fi­ 4232 Dirksen Building Trade Commission, and on supple­ nance export credit sales of agricul­ 9 :30 a .m. mental appropriations for FY 78. tural commodities. Environment and Public Works S-146, Capitol 324 Russell Building Regional and Community Development APRIL 27 Appropriations Subcommittee 9 :00 a.m. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary To resume consideration of proposed re­ Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Subcommittee gional and community development Foreign Agricultural Policy Subcommittee To receive testimony on budget esti­ legislation. To hold hearings on S. 2385, S. 2405, and mates for fiscal year 1979 fo.r the De­ 4200 Dirksen Building S. 2504, bills to authorize the Com­ partments of State, Justice, Com­ 10:00 a.m. modity Credit Corporation to finance merce, the Judiciary, and related Appropriations export credit sales of agricultural agencies. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee commodities. S-146, Capitol To hold hearings on budget estimates 324 Russell Building for FY 79 for the Federal Home Loan Judiciary Banking, Housing, and Urban Afi'airs Bank Board and the National Insti­ Constitution Subcommittee To markup proposed legislation author­ tute for Building Sciences. To resume hearings on S.J. Res. 65, to izing funds for those programs which 1318 Dirksen Building amend the Constitution so as to pro­ fall within the committee's jurisdic­ vide for representation of the District tion. Appropriations of Columbia in Congress. 5302 Dirksen Building State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary 5110 Dirksen Building Subcommittee 9:30 a.m. Energy and Natural Resources To hold hearings on budget estimates Environment and Public Works Parks and Recreation Subcommittee for FY 79 for the Arms Control and Resource Protection Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 88, to add addi­ Disarmament Agency, Foreign Claims To resume consideration of proposed re­ tional lands to the Sequoia National Settlement Commission, Japan-U.S. source protection legislation. Park, California. Friendship Commission, and the Legal 4200 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building Services Corporation. Judiciary Finance S-146, Capitol To hold hearings on S. 1382, to establish Public Assistance Subcommittee Appropriations criteria for the imposition of the sen­ To resume hearings on S. 2084, to re­ Transportation Subcommittee tence of death. place the existing Federal welfare pro­ To hold hearings on budget estimates 2228 Dirksen Building grams with a single coordinated pro­ for FY 79 for ConRail and the U.S. 10:00 a .m. gram. Railroad Association. Appropriations 2221 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Foreign Relations Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee Foreign Assist~nce Suboommittee To hold oversight hearings on the Fish­ To hold hearings on budget estimates To resume hearings on fiscal year 1979 ery Conservation and Management Act for FY 79 for the Civil Rights Com­ authorizations for foreign assistance CP.L. 94-265). mission, EEOC, and on supplemental programs, and on S. 2420, proposed In­ 235 Russell Building appropriations for FY 78. ternational Development Cooperation Energy and Natural Resources S-146, Capitol Act. To consider pending calendar business. Energy and Natural Resources 4221 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on pending nomina­ 2:00 p .m . tions. Appropriations Environment and Public Works 3110 Dirksen Building Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee 10:30 a .m. Transportation Subcommittee To mark up FY 79 authorizations for Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on budget estimates for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. To continue oversight hearings on the FY 79 for the Minority Business Re- S-126, Capitol Fishery Conservation and Manage­ source Center. Finance ment Act (P.L. 94-265). 1224 Dirksen Building Public Assistance Subcommittee 235 Russell Building To continue hearings on S. 2084, to re­ 2:00 p .m. MAYl place the existing Federal welfare Appropriations 10 :00 a .m. program with a single coordinated State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Foreign Relations program. Subcommittee To resume hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ 2221 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on budget estimates tions for foreign assistance to Korea Foreign Relations for FY 79 for the Renegotiation related to the withdrawal of U.S. Foreign Assistance Subcommittee Board, SEC, and on supplemental ap­ forces, and on S. 2420, proposed Inter­ To continue hearings on FY 79 authori­ propriations for FY 78. national Development Cooperation zations for foreign assistance pro­ S-146, Capitol Act. grams, and on S. 2420, proposed inter­ APRIL 28 4221 Dirksen Building national Development Cooperation 9 :00 a.m. Judiciary MAY2 Act. 10:00 a.m . 4221 Dirksen Building Constitution Subcommittee To continue hearings on S.J. Res. 65, to Appropriations Rules and Administration Transports. ti on Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. Res. 166, to amend the Constitution so as to pro­ reorganize administrative services of vide for representation of the District To hold hearings on budget estimates the Senate, and to consider other leg­ of Columbia in Congress. for FY 79 for the Office of the Secre­ islative matters. 5110 Dirksen Building tary, DOT. 301 Russell Building 9 :30 a .m. 1224 Dirksen Building Select Indian Affairs Environment and Public Works Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To hold hearings on S. 2358 and 2588, to Resource Protection Subcommittee To continue markup of proposed legis­ declare that the U.S. hold in trust for To continue consideration of proposed lation authorizing funds for those the Pueblo tribes of Zia and Santa resource protection legislation. programs which fall within the com­ Ana respectively, cer.tain public do­ 4200 Dirksen Building mittee's jurisdiction. main lands. Judiciary 5302 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ Finance 2:00 p.m. committee Public Assistance Subcommittee Appropriations Transportation Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 1314, to pro­ To continue hearings on S . 2084, to To hold hearings on budget estimates vide that State and Federal prisoners replace the existing Federal welfare for FY 79 for the National Transpor­ may petition Federal courts in a writ programs with a single coordinated tation Safety Board and the ICC. of habeas corpus. program. 1224 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building 2221 Dirksen Building 9980 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE April 13, 1978 Foreign Relations 10:00 a.m. MAY 9 To continue hearings on FY 79 author­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 10:00 a.m. izations for foreign assistance to Tur­ To continue markup o! proposed legis­ Appropriations key and Greece,. and on S. 2420, pro­ lation authorizing funds for those Transportation Subcommittee posed International Development Co­ programs which fall within the com­ To hold hearings on budget estimates operation Act. mittee's Jurisdiction. !or FY 79 !or the Ofilce o! the secre­ 4224 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building tary o! Transportation. Judiciary MAY 5 1224 Dirksen Building Constitution Subcommittee 8:00 a .m. MAY 16 To resume hearings on S. 35, the pro­ Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 10:00 a.m. posed Civil Rights Improvements Act. Agricultural Research and General Legis­ Appropriations 6226 Dirksen Building lation Subcommittee Transportation Subcommittee To continue he.arings on the status o! To hold hearings on budget estimates for MAY 3 nonfarm, nonfood, and fiber rural de­ FY 79 !or the Department o! Trans­ 9 :00 a.m. velopment research with USDA and portation. Oovernmental Affairs 1224 Dirksen Building Governmental Emciency and the District the State land grant system. of Columbia Subcommittee 322 Russell Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on proposed new crimi­ 9:30 a..m. Science, Technology, and Space Sub­ nal code for the District of Columbia. Veterans' Affairs committee 3302 Dirksen Building To resume markup of S. 364, to provide To hold hearings jointly With the Sen­ Judiciary !or the Judicial review o! administra­ ate Banking Subcommittee on Inter­ Constitution Subcommittee tive decisions promulgated by the national Finance on technology ex­ To continue hearings on S. 35, the pro­ Veterans' Administration, and to al­ ports and research and development posed Civil Rights Improvements Act. low veterans full access to legal coun­ investments. 1202 Dirksen Building sel in proceedings before the VA; S. 6226 Dirksen Building 9 :30 a.m . 2398, to extend the period of eligibility MAY 17 Commerce, Science, and Transportation !or Vietnam-era veterans' readjust­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Communications Subcommittee ment appointment within the Fed­ International Fina.nee Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 2883, authoriza­ eral Government; H.R. 5029, authoriz­ To hold hearings in connection with re­ tions for the Corporation for Public ing funds for hospital care and medi­ strictions employed by foreign coun­ Broadcasting for fiscal years 1979-1983. cal services to certain F111pino combat tries to hold down imports o! U.S 1224 Dirksen Building veterans o! WW II; and S. 2836, to goods. amend the Veterans' Administration 5302 Dirksen Building 10:00 a .m. Physician and Dentist Pay Com­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs parab111ty Act. MAY 18 To continue markup of proposed legis­ 9:30 a.m. lation authorizing funds for those 412 Russell Building 10:00 a .m . Veterans' Affairs programs which fall within the com­ Housing, Insurance, and Cemeteries Sub­ mittee's jurisdiction. Appropriations committee 5302 Dirksen Building Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 1643 and H.R. MAY 4 To hold hearings on budget estimates for 4341, to eliminate the requirement for 8:00 a..m. FY 1979 !or the St. Lawrence Sea.way inspections o! the mobile home manu­ Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Development Corporation, and the Re­ facturing process by the VA, and S. Agricultural Research and General Legis­ search and Special Programs Direc­ 1556, authorizing funds through FY 81 lation Subcommittee torate, Department o! Transportation. to assist States in establishing and To hold hearings on the status of non­ 1224 Dirksen Building maintaining VA cemeteries. farm, nonfood, and fiber rural develop­ Banking, Housing, and Urman Affairs 457 Russell Building ment research with USDA and the To continue markup of proposed legts­ CANCELLA,TIONS State land grant system. lation authorizing funds for those APRIL 26 322 Russell Building programs which !all within the com­ 9:30 a.m. 9:00 a.m. mittee's jurisdiction. 5302 Dirksen Building Veterans' Affairs Governmental Affairs To mark up S. 364, to provide !or the Governmen ta.l Efilciency and the District MAY 8 judicial review o! administrative deci­ o! Columbia Subcommittee 9:30 a.m. sions promulgated by the Veterans' To continue hearings on proposed new Human Resources Administration, and to allow veterans criminal code for the District o! To mark up S. 2600, to extend certain full access to legal counsel in pro­ Columbia. vocational rehab111tation programs and ceedings before the VA; S. 2398, to ex­ to establish a comprehensive services tend the period of eligibility for Viet­ 3302 Dirksen Building program for the severely handicapped. 9:30 a.m. nam-era veterans' readjustment ap­ 4232 Dirksen Building pointment Within the Federal Gov­ Commerce, Sciences, and Transportation 10:00 a .m . Communications Subcommittee ernment; H.R. 5029, authorizing funds Commerce, Science, and Transportation for hospital care and medical services To continue hearings on S. 2883, au­ Communications Subcommittee to certain F111pino combat veterans of thorizations for the Corporation !or · To hold hearings on S. 2211, the Inter­ WW II; and S. 2836, to amend the Public Broadcasting for fiscal years national Maritime Mobile Satellite Veterans' Administration Physician 1979-1983. Telecommunications Act. -and Dentist Pay Comparab111ty Act. 1224 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building 412 Russell Building

SENATE-Thursday, April 13, 1978

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., •