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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,119,837 B2 Soupliotis Et Al

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,119,837 B2 Soupliotis Et Al US007119837B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,119,837 B2 Soupliotis et al. (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 10, 2006 (54) VIDEO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC ENHANCEMENT OF DIGITAL VIDEO EP O 571 121 A2 11, 1993 WO WO O2/39737 A1 5, 2002 (75) Inventors: Andreas Soupliotis, Bothell, WA (US); OTHER PUBLICATIONS Padmanabhan Anandan, Sammamish, Altunbasak, Y. aand A. M. Tekalp. Occlusion-Adaptive, Content WA (US) Based Mesh Design and Forward tracking. IEEE Transations on Image Processing, vol. 6, No. 9, Sep. 1997. (73) Assignee: Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA Bab-Hadiashar, A. and D. Suter. Robust optic flow estimation using (US) least median of squares. ICIP'96 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Sep. 16-19, Switzerland. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Ben-Ezra, M. S. Peleg, and M. Werman. Real-Time Motion Analy patent is extended or adjusted under 35 sis with Linear-Programming. Institute of Computer Science. The U.S.C. 154(b) by 840 days. Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Borman, S. and R.L. Stevenson. Simultaneous multi-frame MAP (21) Appl. No.: 10/186,562 Super-resolution video enhancement using spatio-temporal priors. Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame. Notre (22) Filed: Jun. 28, 2002 Dame, IN. USA. (65) Prior Publication Data (Continued) Primary Examiner Tuan Ho US 2004/OOO 1705 A1 Jan. 1, 2004 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Lyon & Harr, L.L.P.; Craig (51) Int. Cl. S. Fischer H04N 5/228 (2006.01) (57) ABSTRACT (52) U.S. Cl. ...................................... ... 348/208.99 The present invention includes an automatic video enhance (58) Field of Classification Search ............ 348/208.99 ment system and method for automatically enhancing video. See application file for complete search history. The automated video enhancement method uses frame-to (56) References Cited frame motion estimation as the basis of the video enhance ment. Motion estimation includes the computation of global U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS motion (such as camera motion) and the computation of 5,430,480 A * 7/1995 Allen et al. .............. 348,208.4 local motion (such as pixel motion). The automated video 5,629,988 A 5, 1997 Burt et al. enhancement method includes generating global alignment 5,682,205 A * 10/1997 Sezan et al. ................ 348,452 transforms, generating optic flow vectors, and using these 5,973,733 A 10, 1999 Gove global alignment transforms and optic flow vectors to 6,115,502 A 9, 2000 De Haan et al. enhance the video. The invention also includes video pro 6,151,018 A 11/2000 Webb et al. cessing and enhancement techniques that use the frame-to 6,188.444 B1 2, 2001 Webb frame motion estimation. These techniques include a dein 6,400,831 B1 6/2002 Lee et al. ................... 382,103 terlace process, a denoise process, and a warp stabilization 6,628,711 B1* 9/2003 Mathew et al. ........ 375,240.12 6,809,758 B1 * 10/2004 Jones .................... 348,208.99 process that performs both damped and locked stabilization. 2003,0002746 A1 1/2003 Kusaka 2004/0146107 A1* 7/2004 Sekiguchi et al. ..... 375,240.14 26 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets imputwo to beNHANCed PERFORMGLOBAMOTION COMPUTATION AND GENERAt GlobALALIGNMENT RANSFORMS 310 PERFORMLOCAL MOTION COMPUTATION AND GNERA opCLOW WECTORS 320 US GOALALIGNMENT transforMSAnd OPTICFOW WECTORSTOENHANCE WIO 330 OUTPUtNHANCED WIDEO 340 US 7,119,837 B2 Page 2 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Neumann, U. and S. You. Adaptive Multi-Stage 2D Image Motion Field Estimation. Computer Science Dept. Integrated Media Sys Buehler, C., Bosse, M., and McMillan, L. Non-Metric Image-Based tems Center, University of Southern California, CA. Rendering for Video Stabilization. MIT Laboratory for Computer Science. Cambridge, MA. Pollefeys, M., M. Vergauwen, K. Cornelis, J. Tops. f. Verbiest, L. Chen, Ting. Video Stabilization Algorithm Using a Block-Based van Gool. Structure and motion from image sequences. Centre for Parametric Motion Model. EE392J Project Report, Winter 2000. Processing of speech and Images, K.U.Veuven, Kasteelpark Information Systems Laboratory. Dept of Electrical Engineering, Arenberg 10, B-3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium. Standford University, Ca. Segall, C. A. and A. K. Katsaggelos. A new constraint for the Deame, M. Motion Compensated De-Interlacing: The Key to the regularized enhancement of compressed video. Dept of Electrical Digital Video Transition. Presented at the SMPTE 141* Technical and Computer engineering. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Conference in NY, Nov. 19-22, 1999. USA. Dufaux, F. and J. Konrad. Efficient, robust and fast global motion Song, B.C. and J.B. Ra. A fast motion estimation algorithm based estimation for video coding. IEEE Transactions on Image Process on multi-resolution frame structure. Dept of Electrical Engineering. ing, vol. 9, No. 3, Mar. 2000. Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. Taejon, Hemmendorff, M., M.T. Andersson, and H. Knutsson. Phase-based Republic of Korea. image motion estimation and registration. Department of Electrical Engineering. Linkoping University, Linkoping, SWEDEN. Szeliski, R. Prediction error as a quality metric for motion and Karunaratne, P.V. Compressed video enhancement using regular stereo, in ICCV, vol. 2, pp. 781-788, Kerkyra, Greece, Sep. 1999. ized iterative restoration algorithms. A thesis Sumbitted to the Weickert, J. Application of Nonlinear Diffusion in Image Processing graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the and Computer Vision. Acta Math. Univ. Comeniane vol. LXX. degree Master of Science, Field of electrical and Computer Engi 1(2001), pp. 33-50, Proceedings of Algoritmy 2000. neering. Evanston, IL, Dec. 1999. Zabih, R., J. Miller, and K. Mai. A feature-based algorith for Mester, R. and M. Muhlich. Improving motion and orientation detecting and classifying production effects. Mutimedia Systems estimation using an equilibrated total least squares approach. J.W. 7:119-128 (1999). Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt, Institute for Applied Physics. Frank furt, Germany. * cited by examiner U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2006 Sheet 1 of 8 US 7,119,837 B2 CIERONY/HNE OBC][A oo/ }}EST) SEONE??El-HERHd U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2006 Sheet 3 of 8 US 7,119,837 B2 INPUT VIDEO TO BE ENHANCEO 300 PERFORMGLOBAL MOTION COMPUTATION AND GENERATE GLOBAL. ALIGNMENT TRANSFORMS 310 PERFORMLOCAL MOTON COMPUTATION AND GENERATE OPTIC FLOW VECTORS 32O USE GLOBALALIGNMENT TRANSFORMS AND OPTIC FLOW 330 VECTORS TO ENHANCE WIDEO OUTPUT ENHANCED WIDEO 340 FIG. 3 U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2006 Sheet 4 of 8 US 7,119,837 B2 INPUT FLAWED VIDEO COMPUTE COMPUTE FRAME. FRAME- OENTERACE PARWISE PAIRWISE ACCORDING TO GLOBAL OPTIC FLOW FLOW VECTORS ALIGNMENT VECTORS 7 to TRANSFORMS TRANSFORMS 7 is BUILD MOSAICS TEMPORAL WARP TO TO FILL IN MEDIAN FILTER STABLIZE MISSING PXES WITH FLOW OUTLER REJECTION DISCOVER ----------------------------------------------------- BLURRY FRAME C 2 FRAME NUMBERS ?h 2. SES 9 INTERPOLATION 5 L () FOR BLURRY 15 FOR FRAME g FRAMES 5 i INDICES St ul SYNTHESIZE NEW O - 'fo Yps 16o i. FRAMES AUTO BRIGHTNESS, CONTRAST LINEAR MAGE ADJUSTMENT SHARPENING AND SATURATION OUTPUT INCREASES ENHANCED VIDEO U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2006 Sheet 5 of 8 US 7,119,837 B2 frame number F.G. 5A Ak TaAt 4 A. ramryn W TA/TEMOFA ft) to inher F.G. 5B s HAA/OHELO 1111EK frt in rhyr N FIG. 5C U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2006 Sheet 8 of 8 US 7,119,837 B2 US 7,119,837 B2 1. 2 VIDEO PROCESSING SYSTEMAND Video to generate global alignment transforms. These global METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC alignment transforms correct for global motion due to cam ENHANCEMENT OF DIGITAL VIDEO era motion. In addition, the automated video enhancement method performs local motion compensation using the glo TECHNICAL FIELD ball alignment transforms to generate optic flow vectors. These optic flow vectors represent the motion of the corre The present invention relates in general to video process sponding pixel both forward and backward in time. Using ing and more particularly to a system and a method for these global alignment transforms and optic flow vectors, a automatically enhancing aesthetic flaws contained in video variety of video processing and enhancement techniques can footage. 10 be used to enhance the input video. These video processing and enhancement techniques BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION include the following. A deinterlace process generates frames (instead of fields) for the processing and enhance Video cameras (or camcorders) are devices that are popu ment technologies to use. The deinterlace process may also lar with amateur videographers for home use. Video cameras 15 be used to obtain high-quality still images from the video. may be a digital camera, which stores a digital video on a The deinterlacing process uses a motion-compensated pro memory device, or an analog video camera, which stores cess that makes use of the optic flow vectors. A denoising Video footage on magnetic videotape. Video footage cap process is also available to remove unwanted noise from the tured by an analog video camera may be converted to digital Video. Denoising involves using a motion-compensated Video using well-known techniques. Digital videos may be denoising process that applies a robust temporal integration processed using Software running on a computing devices across locally (i.e. optic flow) aligned frames using the (such as personal computers) to edit and manipulate the data motion vectors in a neighborhood of the frame being captured by Video cameras. denoised. As avid movie and television watchers, most people are The invention also includes a stabilization process that accustomed to viewing professionally produced movies and 25 performs both damped and locked stabilization. The warp video. However, our home videos are often a dramatic stabilization process uses the global alignment transforms to departure from this. Home videos are overwhelmingly shot stabilize the entire video.
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