DOCSLIB.ORG

Liem Thian Joe's Unpublished History of Kian Gwan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Liem Thian Joe's Unpublished History of Kian Gwan Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 27, No.2, September 1989 Liem Thian Joe's Unpublished History of Kian Gwan Charles A. COPPEL* Studies on the role of the overseas Chinese sue the talent for writing which was already in the economies of Southeast Asia are rare evident in his schoolwork. A short ex­ enough, despite their generally acknowledged perience as a trader in Ngadiredjo soon con­ importance. This has been particularly true vinced him, however, that he should seek his of Indonesia, and consequently it is a matter livelihood as a writer. of some interest to discover an unpublished His career in journalism seems to have history of Kian Gwan (Oei Tiong Ham Con­ begun in the 1920's when he joined the staff of cern), the biggest and longest-lasting Chinese the Semarang peranakan Chinese daily, Warna business of all in Indonesia. Further interest Warla (although there is some suggestion that is aroused by the fact that the manuscript was he also contributed to the Jakarta daily, Per­ written by the late Liem Thian Joe, the well­ niagaan, at this time). In the early 1930's, he known Semarang journalist and historian. moved from Warna Warta to edit the Semarang This combination gives us promise of insights daily, Djawa Tengah (and its sister monthly into the firm itself, the Oei family which Djawa Tengah Review). In later years he established it and built it up, and the history of was also a regular contributor to the weekly the Chinese of Semarang where its original edition of the Jakarta newspaper, Sin PO.2) office was founded. His best-known publication, Riwajat Semarang (Dari Djamannja Sam Poo Sampe Terhapoesnja Kongkoan), was published by Ho I The Author!) Kim Yoe of Semarang in 1933. Based on a Liem Thian Joe was born in Parakan, in Cen­ series of articles which he had written for the tral Java, in 1895 or 1897. His earliest educa­ Djawa Tengah Review from March 1931 to Ju­ tion was at Malay and Javanese schools, but ly 1933, this book of some 300 pages is not so he soon moved to a Hokkien Chinese school much a history of Semarang (as its main title which he attended for ten years. Mter this would suggest) as of its Chinese inhabitants, he attended the Tiong Hoa Hak Tong (the from their first arrival in about 1416 to the Chinese-language school established by the abolition of the Council of Chinese Officers Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan) at Ngadiredjo. (Kongkoan) in 1931. For all its Chinese-cen­ After leaving school, he did not at once pur- trism, the book remains an invaluable source for our understanding of the history of Central * Department of History, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Java and Semarang in particular. Liem was 1) Biographical data relating to Liem Thian Joe are fortunate in being able to use records in taken from Tan Hong Boen [1935: 138], Suryadinata [1972], and private communication 2) On the peranakan Chinese press of this period, see from Liem Ek Hian. Suryadinata [1971]. 177 Chinese which had been stored over a very Another book, Pusaka Tionghoa, was pub­ long period in the office of the Kongkoan, but lished in Semarang in about 1952. which had fallen into very bad condition Liem's interests, demonstrated in his through lack of proper care and the ravages of publications, were parochial in the sense that time and were soon, with the abolition of the his attention was firmly rivetted on the history Kongkoan, to vanish completely. Gust where of his own group, the Indonesian Chinese, and they disappeared to is a mystery which con­ in particular those who lived in his own region ceivably may be related to the equally of north-central Java. His regionalism may mysterious three wagonloads of Chinese readily be understood since he never had the documents which, Professor Slamet Muljana opportunity to travel far from his native prov­ tells us, were seized in a police raid in 1928 by ince of Central Java. His Chinese-centrism the Dutch Resident Poortman from the was typical of Indonesian Chinese intellec­ Chinese shrine of Sam Po Kong on the out­ tuals of his age. His formative years were skirts of Semarang[ Muljana 1968: 12; Parlin­ those of the flowering of overseas Chinese na­ dungan 1964]. If Poortman did indeed gain tionalism in the Indies and the Chinese­ possession of a large quantity of old Chinese language schooling which he received was documents in Semarang at about that time itself a product of the heightened con­ which were to form the source for a resume in sciousness of Chineseness amongst the Dutch which later appeared in Indonesian peranakan Chinese population which underlay translation in Parlindungan's Tuanku Rao and the nationalist movement.3) were thence taken up by Slamet Muljana, it His writing, particularly in Riwajat would seem more likely that they were ac­ Semarang (but to a much lesser extent in the quired a few years later from the office of the present unpublished manuscript), is typical of Kongkoan when that body was dissolved. the peranakan Chinese dialect of Malay (or We know, from Liem Thian Joe, that a large bahasa Melaju Tionghoa), which has by now quantity of old Chinese books was held there all but died out in speech and no longer ap­ and that it disappeared at that time [Liem pears in print.4) His style is anecdotal and per­ 1933: Preface]. On the other hand, there sonalrather than analytical and, although seems no good reason to believe that ancient there are occasional references to sources books had been kept at the Sam Po shrine, such as books or newspaper articles, these are which lacked the facilities for storing such a never encumbered by such details as date and large quantity of perishable material.) place of publication or even the number of the Liem was also responsible for writing page to which reference is made. several other published books. In 1937 his His absorption in the history of the Chinese book commemorating the thirtieth anniver­ 3) On the rise of overseas Chinese nationalism in In­ sary of the foundation of the Semarang donesia, see Williams [1960]. Chinese Chamber of Commerce (Boekoe Per­ 4) For a discussion of this dialect, see Nio Joe Lan [1962: Chapter 2], and Tio Le Soei [1959: Chapter ingetan, 1907-1937, Tiong Hwa Siang Hwee, 13]. On the language of daily use among the Indone­ Semarang) was published anonymously. sian Chinese in 1920, see Coppel [1973]. 178 C.A. COPPEL: Liem Thian Joe's Unpublished History of Kian Gwan of Semarang was fully appreciated by the essays by his father, and a collection of author of the major sociological study of that documents dating from the late nineteenth community, Donald Willmott, who dedicated and early twentieth century which are of par­ his book, The Chinese 0/ Semarang, "To Liem ticular interest to a student of the history of Thian Joe, the Semarang historian, journalist the Chinese in Java. The latter include ex­ and friend who has given this study its founda­ amples of the travel passes which were re­ tions in the past"[Willmott 1960]. Liem died quired under the passenstelsel, burial permits, in Semarang in 1963. etc. It is not clear why the manuscript was never published. Liem Thian Joe did receive a II The Origin of the Manuscript honorarium from the company of Rp. 10,000 The manuscript, which has no title or in March 1960 and an intimation from Tan heading, is typewritten on foolscap paper, run­ Tek Peng, the then manager of the firm, that ning to some 31 pages (including two pages of the Oei family might pay him an additional notes). It bears a number of signs of being a premium if they were happy with the draft, rather than a final version, but the only history. But to the day of his death, Liem obviously incomplete section is the absence of heard nothing further from the Oei family. It the Chinese text of a poem written by Oei Tjie may be that the troubles which led to the na­ Sien, the founder of the firm, of which an In­ tionalization of the Indonesian sector of the donesian translation by Liem is incorporated giant enterprise in 1961 made it seem inap­ in the text. The manuscript is dated propriate to publish an Indonesian-language Semarang, 1959. Occasionally words, centenary history, since by the time the firm's phrases or even whole sentences are inserted centenary arrived the company was already in the author's handwriting, as are also occa­ nationalized. On the other hand, no such con­ sional words in Chinese characters. siderations prevented the publication of a The manuscript was acquired by the Dutch-language history of the firm by one of Monash University Library in early 1972 from its directors, Tjoa Soe Tjong, in the centenary Liem Ek Hian, a son of the author who still year [Tjoa Soe Tjong 1963]. lives in Semarang. According to Liem Ek Hian, his father was commissioned by the III The Manuscript as Economic company to write the history in anticipation of History the centenary of the firm (which was to occur in 1963) and spent three years finding the data It must be admitted that the economic for it in the company archives and the cor­ historian who looks to this unpublished respondence of the Oei family. The Monash history for an explanation of the success of University Library also acquired from Liem Kian Gwan and the entrepreneurial talents of Ek Hian at the same time a copy of the Oei those members of the Oei family who guided family genealogy, eleven short Chinese­ its fortunes will be disappointed.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Implementation of the Cultuurstelsel in Java: Cases in Afdeeling Demak and Grobogan, Central Java Versus in Afdeeling Pacitan, East Java 1830-1870
    The Implementation of the Cultuurstelsel in Java: Cases in Afdeeling Demak and Grobogan, Central Java versus in Afdeeling Pacitan, East Java 1830-1870 Iswahyudi Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Abstract: The Dutch colonial government in applying the Cultuurstelsel policy in Java in 1830 used traditional Javanese patterns of power to persuade farmers in certain regions to be willing to work in export plantations and surrender a portion of their land to be planted with governorate crops. Based on the description above, it would be interesting to see further about the implementation of the cultivation system in several afdeeling areas or regencies in Java because in Pacitan, East Java, it is said to have an impact on prosperity and welfare for farmers. On the other hand, in other regions, in Afdeeling Demak and Grobogan, Central Java, the opposite happened, namely that the implementation of the forced cultivation system actually had an impact on misery and poverty among the population. Regardless of whether Cultuurstelsel should be valued positively or negatively, most historians agree that the system had been one of the most important parts of Dutch colonialism in the Dutch East Indies from 1830 to 1870. Some at that time even thought that cultuurstelsel was the best colonial model that can be imagined. Keywords: Cultuurstelsel; Grobogan; Demak; Pacitan; tobacco; coffee I. Introduction The history of the Dutch East Indies economy in the 19th century was marked by a period of time called culturstelsel or forced cultivation or also referred to as the cultivation system.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated List of Chinese-Malay Publications Compiled by Tom
    THE “KWEE COLLECTION” AT THE FISHER LIBRARY (UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY) An annotated list of Chinese-Malay publications Compiled by Tom Hoogervorst on the basis of library research carried out in October 2019, with financial support from a Sydney Southeast Asia Centre mobility grant CONTENTS Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ 6 1. Poetry ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.1. Han Bing Hwie ................................................................................................................ 7 1.2. “J.S.H.” ............................................................................................................................ 7 1.3. Jap King Hong ................................................................................................................. 7 1.4. Kwee Tek Hoay ............................................................................................................... 8 1.5. “Merk Tek Liong & Co” ................................................................................................. 8 2. Original Fiction ................................................................................................................. 9 2.1. Kwee Seng Tjoan ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bangsawan Prampoewan Enlightened Peranakan Chinese Women from Early Twentieth Century Java
    422 WacanaWacana Vol. Vol.18 No. 18 2No. (2017): 2 (2017) 422-454 Bangsawan prampoewan Enlightened Peranakan Chinese women from early twentieth century Java Didi Kwartanada ABSTRACT The end of the nineteenth century witnessed paradox among the Chinese in colonial Java. On one hand, they were prospering economically, but were nonetheless held in contempt by the Dutch, encountered legal discrimination and faced challenges if they wanted to educate their children in European schools. Their marginal position motivated them do their utmost to become “civilized subjects”, on a par with Europeans, but they were also inspired to reinvent their Chinese identity. This contribution will highlight role played by “enlightened” Chinese, the kaoem moeda bangsa Tjina. Central to this movement were the Chinese girls known to the public as bangsawan prampoewan (the noblewomen), who wrote letters the newspaper and creating a gendered public sphere. They also performed western classical music in public. Considering the inspirational impact of bangsawan prampoewan’s enlightening achievements on non-Chinese women, it is appropriate to include them into the narrative of the history of the nation’s women’s movements. KEYWORDS Chinese; women; modernity; progress; newspapers; Semarang; Surabaya; western classical music; Kartini. Didi Kwartanada studies history of the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia, especially Java. He is currently the Director of the Nation Building Foundation (NABIL) in Jakarta and is preparing a book on the history of Chinese identity cards in Indonesia. His publications include The encyclopedia of Indonesia in the Pacific War (Leiden: Brill, 2009) as co-editor and contributor, and the most recent work Tionghoa dalam keindonesiaan; Peran dan kontribusi bagi pembangunan bangsa (3 vols; Jakarta: Yayasan Nabil, 2016) as managing editor cum contributor.
    [Show full text]
  • Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century
    Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wong, John. 2012. Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9282867 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – John D. Wong All rights reserved. Professor Michael Szonyi John D. Wong Global Positioning: Houqua and his China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century Abstract This study unearths the lost world of early-nineteenth-century Canton. Known today as Guangzhou, this Chinese city witnessed the economic dynamism of global commerce until the demise of the Canton System in 1842. Records of its commercial vitality and global interactions faded only because we have allowed our image of old Canton to be clouded by China’s weakness beginning in the mid-1800s. By reviving this story of economic vibrancy, I restore the historical contingency at the juncture at which global commercial equilibrium unraveled with the collapse of the Canton system, and reshape our understanding of China’s subsequent economic experience. I explore this story of the China trade that helped shape the modern world through the lens of a single prominent merchant house and its leading figure, Wu Bingjian, known to the West by his trading name of Houqua.
    [Show full text]
  • Sugar, Steam and Steel: the Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-1850
    Welcome to the electronic edition of Sugar, Steam and Steel: The Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-1885. The book opens with the bookmark panel and you will see the contents page. Click on this anytime to return to the contents. You can also add your own bookmarks. Each chapter heading in the contents table is clickable and will take you direct to the chapter. Return using the contents link in the bookmarks. The whole document is fully searchable. Enjoy. G Roger Knight Born in deeply rural Shropshire (UK), G Roger Knight has been living and teaching in Adelaide since the late 1960s. He gained his PhD from London University's School of Oriental and African Studies, where his mentors included John Bastin and CD Cowan. He is an internationally recognised authority on the sugar industry of colonial Indonesia, with many publications to his name. Among the latest is Commodities and Colonialism: The Story of Big Sugar in Indonesia, 1880-1940, published by Brill in Leiden and Boston in 2013. He is currently working on a 'business biography' — based on scores of his newly discovered letters back home — of Gillian Maclaine, a young Scot who was active as a planter and merchant in colonial Java during the 1820s and 1830s. For a change, it has almost nothing to do with sugar. The high-quality paperback edition of this book is available for purchase online: https://shop.adelaide.edu.au/ Sugar, Steam and Steel: The Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-18 by G Roger Knight School of History and Politics The University of Adelaide Published in Adelaide by University of Adelaide Press The University of Adelaide Level 14, 115 Grenfell Street South Australia 5005 [email protected] www.adelaide.edu.au/press The University of Adelaide Press publishes externally refereed scholarly books by staff of the University of Adelaide.
    [Show full text]
  • Denys Lombard and Claudine Salmon
    Is l a m a n d C h in e s e n e s s Denys Lombard and Claudine Salmon It is worth pausing for a moment to consider the relationships that were able to exist between the expansion of Islam in the East Indies and the simultaneous formation of "Chinese" communities. These two phenomena are usually presented in opposition to one another and it is pointless here to insist on the numerous conflicting accounts, past and present.* 1 Nevertheless, properly considered, it quickly becomes apparent that this is a question of two parallel developments which had their origins in the urban environment, and which contributed to a large extent to the creation of "middle class" merchants, all driven by the same spirit of enterprise even though they were in lively competition with one another. Rather than insisting once more on the divergences which some would maintain are fundamental—going as far as to assert, against all the evidence, that the Chinese "could not imagine marrying outside their own nation," and that they remain unassimilable—we would like here to draw the reader's attention to a certain number of long-standing facts which allow a reversal of perspective. Chinese Muslims and the Local Urban Mutation of the 14th-15th Centuries No doubt the problem arose along with the first signs of the great urban transformation of the 15th century. The fundamental text is that of the Chinese (Muslim) Ma Huan, who accompanied the famous Admiral Zheng He on his fourth expedition in the South Seas (1413-1415), and reported at the time of their passage through East Java that the population was made up of natives, Muslims (Huihui), as well as Chinese (Tangren) many of whom were Muslims.
    [Show full text]
  • M. Cohen on the Origin of the Komedie Stamboelpopular Culture, Colonial Society, and the Parsi Theatre Movement
    M. Cohen On the origin of the Komedie StamboelPopular culture, colonial society, and the Parsi theatre movement In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 157 (2001), no: 2, Leiden, 313-357 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 12:19:15AM via free access MATTHEW ISAAC COHEN On the Origin of the Komedie Stamboel Popular Culture, Colonial Society, and the Parsi Theatre Movement Introduction . The Komedie Stamboel, also known as the Malay Opera, occupies a prom- inent place in Indonesia's cultural history.1 lts emergence in 1891 has been characterized as a 'landmark' in the development of modern popular theatre (Teeuw 1979:207). The theatre later contributed greatly to the birth of Indo- nesian contemporary theatre and film2 and played a formative role in mod- ern political discourse and representation (see Anderson 1996:36-7). The Komedie Stamboel has been celebrated as one of the most significant 'artistic achievements' of the Eurasian population of colonial Java (see Van der Veur 1968a), but also damned for its deleterious influence on Java's classical and 1 This article was written while a postdoctoral research fellow at the International Institute for Asian Studies (DAS). It was presented in part as lectures at KAS and the Fifth International Humanities Symposium, Gadjah Mada University, in 1998.1 would like to thank all the particip- ants in the research seminar, 'Popular theatres of Indonesia', Department of Southeast Asian and Oceanic Languages and Cultures, Leiden University, where I developed some of the ideas pre- sented here, as well as Kathryn Hansen, Rakesh Solomon, Catherine Diamond, Surapone Virulrak, Hanne de Bruin, and two anonymous BKI reviewers for their comments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the 1918 Influenza on Sugar Production in Java
    Economics and Human Biology 42 (2021) 101011 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Economics and Human Biology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ehb A bitter epidemic: The impact of the 1918 influenza on sugar production in Java Daniel Gallardo-Albarrán*, Pim de Zwart Wageningen University, the Netherlands A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Research about the economic consequences of past epidemics has mostly focused on the experience of Received 18 December 2020 industrialized countries, thus providing little knowledge about the effects of health shocks on developing Received in revised form 31 March 2021 economies. We fill this gap by studying the impact of the 1918 influenza in Java, with a new dataset on Accepted 15 April 2021 aggregate food production and district-level figures on (i) sugar production, the major export commodity Available online 20 April 2021 and the predominant source of labour demand; (ii) agricultural and plantation wages, and (iii) annual crude death rates. The mortality impact of the influenza on Java was high, as crude mortality rates JEL classification: doubled in 1918 relative to the preceding years, but its economic impact was mixed. Aggregate food I15 N35 production did not decline, but sugar output did fall in 1919. Indeed, our regional panel data analysis does O15 not establish a direct relationship between regional epidemic mortality variation and sugar output decline. Instead, we hypothesize that economic activity was rediverted towards food production in order Keywords: to avoid famine that could have resulted from the combined effects of disrupted shipping at the end of the fl Spanish in uenza First World War, climatic conditions and the public health crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Asian and Eurasian Woman in the Dutch East Indies, in Dutch and Malay Literature
    TINEKE HELLWIG, UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA The Asian and Eurasian woman in the Dutch East Indies, in Dutch and Malay literature Introduction of my life. In the compartmentalization of Dutch academic tradition, Malay texts have been considered At some point in my life I chose to study part of a literary tradition distinct from that of Dutch Indonesian literature because I thought it would give texts. Therefore, Malay and Dutch literature have me the best opportunity to learn about the way been studied separateJy in different departments, by Indonesians think, behave, interact and express different people. Hj:>wever, it is a fruitful exercise to themselves. Throughout my student years, when the connect the two, to juxtapose and compare them and second feminist wave affected society and academia, to read them intertextually, seeking for answers to I developed a special interest in gender issues. I questions which are typically post-colonial. strove to understand the role and position of women and to acquire a gender ideology, and I found some Post-modernism and deconstruction have questioned answers in novels and short stories. Feminist theory and subverted the notion of one central and correct has helped me to formulate and conceptualize my reading of a text. Instead, texts are considered to be ideas. To quote from The Feminist Reader by Belsey multi-interpretable, and meanings are cultural and and Moore: learned, plural, unftxed and constantly changing. Deconstruction offers readers, especially The feminist reader is enlisted in the process female/feminist readers, the freedom to look for new of changing the gender relations which interpretations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chinese Community of Surabaya, from Its Origins to the 1930S Crisis
    Chinese Southern Diaspora Studies , Volume 3, 2009 南方华裔研究杂志, 第第第三第三三三卷卷卷卷, 2009 The Chinese Community of Surabaya, from its Origins to the 1930s Crisis 1 Claudine SALMON Abstract: This article traces the history of the Chinese community in Surabaya, a major port-city on the East Coast of Java, over several centuries. It uses evidence gathered from numerous sources, including Chinese epigraphy and genealogical records collected locally by the author, early European travel accounts, Dutch colonial records and memoirs, and Chinese and Malay language newspapers. The essay unravels, for the first time, the history of a handful of influential entrepreneurial of families who pioneered local cash-crop production, the sugar industry especially, during the Dutch colonial era. It concludes by tracing the waves of resinicisation that swept the community in the later nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the new associations that arose as a result and the gradually fracturing of communal life that followed. Introduction Anyone who has studied the history of the Chinese community in Jakarta is aware that this city has a remarkable number of ancient temples. Five date back to the seventeenth century and seven to the second half of the eighteenth, including two ancestral and two guild temples.2 What is most striking in regard to the Chinese community of Surabaya is how rare these temples are and, moreover, how generally unimportant they are in community life there. According to oral tradition the oldest one (situated in Jl. Coklat) is the Hok An Kiong 福安宫, or “Temple of Happiness and Peace”. It is dedicated to Tianhou 天后, the protective goddess of sailors and travelling merchants, and dates from the second half of the eighteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Indo 92 0 1319755155 157
    W omen an d M odernity: Reading the Femme Fatale in Early Twentieth-Century Indies Novels Elizabeth Chandra1 In colonial Indonesia, literary works written in Malay by Chinese authors were commonly denigrated as pulp fiction, and therefore deemed "un-literary," due to their affinity with stories of secrecy, scandal, sex, and crime.2 The sinister sensibilities of these novels supposedly ran counter to the ideal notion of literature as "beautiful writings," which the colonial government had attempted to introduce in the Netherlands Indies beginning in the second decade of the twentieth century.3 This article offers a close examination of one such novel, Si Riboet atawa Boenga Mengandoeng Ratjoen: Soeatoe Tjerita jang Betoel Terdjadi di Soerabaja Koetika di Pertengahan Taon 1916, jaitoe Politie Opziener Coenraad Boenoe Actrice Constantinopel jang Mendjadi Katjinta'annja (Riboet, or the Venomous Flower: A True Story which Occurred in Soerabaja in Mid- 11 thank those who read and commented on this essay at different stages: Tamara Loos, John Wolff, Sylvia Tiwon, Benedict Anderson, and Indonesia's editors and anonymous reviewer. Any remaining errors are, of course, my own. 2 Claudine Salmon, Literature in Malay by the Chinese of Indonesia: A Provisional Annotated Bibliography (Paris: Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, 1981). See also Elizabeth Chandra, "National Fictions: Chinese-Malay Literature and the Politics of Forgetting" (PhD dissertation, University of California- Berkeley, 2006). 3 Balai Pustaka, Balai Pustaka Sewadjarnja, 1908-1942 (Djakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1948); Bureau voor de Volkslectuur, The Bureau of Popular Literature of Netherlands India: What It is and What It Does (Batavia: Bureau voor de Volkslectuur, 1930); D.
    [Show full text]
  • Dari Nasionalisme Cina Hingga Indonesierschap: Pemikiran Liem Koen Hian Tentang Kedudukan Orang Tionghoa Di Indonesia (1919 – 1951)
    UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DARI NASIONALISME CINA HINGGA INDONESIERSCHAP: PEMIKIRAN LIEM KOEN HIAN TENTANG KEDUDUKAN ORANG TIONGHOA DI INDONESIA (1919 – 1951) SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana MICHAEL AGUSTINUS 0706279875 FAKULTAS ILMU PENGETAHUAN BUDAYA PROGRAM STUDI ILMU SEJARAH DEPOK JULI 2012 i Dari nasionalisme..., Michael Agustinus, FIB UI, 2012 ii Dari nasionalisme..., Michael Agustinus, FIB UI, 2012 iii Dari nasionalisme..., Michael Agustinus, FIB UI, 2012 iv Dari nasionalisme..., Michael Agustinus, FIB UI, 2012 KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Berkat kasih sayangnya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan pendidikan pada jenjang sarjana di Universitas Indonesia. Pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin mengucapkan rasa terima kasih yang begitu dalam kep ada keluarga yang telah memberikan dukungan moril dan materil demi rampungnya masa studi penulis. Rasa terima kasih ini khususnya kepada kedua kakak penulis, Aileen, dan Aime, yang dengan penuh kasih sayang terus memberi semangat penulis untuk segera menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Dari sisi akademis, penulis banyak ucapkan terima kasih kepada para dosen Program Studi Ilmu Sejarah yang telah membimbing hingga rampungnya skripsi ini. Kepada Tri Wahyuning Mudaryanti, M.Si. sebagai dosen pembimbing, penulis banyak mengucapkan terima kasih atas kesediaan waktu dan juga arahannya selama pengerjaan tugas akhir ini, mulai dari kelas Bimbingan Bacaan hingga skripsi. Dosen-dosen lain juga sangat berjasa melalui perkuliahan dan diskusi yang mereka berikan selama sepuluh semester ini. Untuk itu, penulis ucapkan terima kasih kepada semua dosen di Program Studi Ilmu Sejarah. Dalam menjalankan penelitian lapangan, penulis sangat berterima kasih kepada para pengurus Perpustakaan FIB UI dan Perpustakaan Nasional atas pelayanannya yang sangat baik. Kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu penulis dalam penelitian lapangan yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu per satu, penulis ucapkan banyak terima kasih.
    [Show full text]