Human Geography of Europe and Russia

I. Mediterranean Europe-Region where ______

 Greece o Made up of political units called ______

o Athens developed the 1st ______

o Persian Wars in 400s B.C. weakened the city-states

o In 338 B.C. ______conquered Greece and part of India, spreading Greek culture  Italy o Roman Empire-Ruled entire peninsula by ______and was a ______

o The Crusades- Began in 1096 A.D. and was a ______

o Renaissance- 14th to 16th Centuries and was a ______

o Bubonic Plague (aka the ______) in 1347.

 Spain o Ruled by the Muslims for about 700 years. Roman ______and Muslim ______still exist today.

II. Western Europe

 France and Germany were considered the 2 most dominant countries in Western Europe

 The Reformation- Started in ______by ______. It was a time when ______

 The Rise of Nation-States o Feudalism o Nationalism

 French Revolution (1789)-Overthrew the king (Louis XVI) and created a ______.

 World War I (1914-1918)-Allied Powers (France, Great Britain, Russia, US) vs. Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary). o Began when Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Austria-Hungary) was assassinated by a Serbs o ______ended the war

 World War II (1939-1945)- Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, Russia, US) vs. Axis Powers (Germany and Italy) o Known as a Total War o Holocaust o Berlin Wall- Built after WWII to divide Germany in two. ______was communist, ______was democratic. . Torn down in 1989 with the collapse of communism in Europe

III. Northern Europe

 England o William the Conqueror of ______took over in ______

o In 1801, England took over ______,______, and ______to form ______

o Had a global empire by the 1800s

o Britain’s government is a ______.

o Magna Carta (1215)  Scandinavia

o Consists of ______, ______, ______and ______.

IV. Eastern Europe

o Known as a ______

o Ottoman Empire controlled part of Eastern Europe in the 1300-1400s

o 1400s: Austria forced Ottoman’s out of Hungary, creating Austria-Hungary

o 1913 began a process of balkanization, or the ______

o After World War II, Russia took over the region and Eastern Europe became ______

V. Russia

o In the 9th century, Vikings settled the area between the ______and ______Seas.

o ______controlled the area from the 1200s to 1500s. They were pushed out by ______the Great.

o As Russia began to grow, ______moved the capital to St. Petersburg and set out to modernize Russia.

o Rise and Fall of Soviet Union

o Russian Revolution (1917)

o In 1922, Russia was now known as the ______(USSR). Joseph Stalin took over after Vladimir Lenin by the late 1930s.

o Stalin and the communist party took over Eastern Europe after WWII and began the ______between the USSR and US.

o ______gave freedoms to the people and this led to the collapse of the Soviet Union in ______.

o Soviet Union was a command economy and set up ______.

VI. Transcaucasia consists of ______, ______, and ______

o Used as a migration route between Europe and Asia, creating ______.

VII. Central Asia consists of ______, ______, ______, ______, and ______.

o Includes the Silk Road.