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Romantic Periodicals and the Invention of the Living Author University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2016 Romantic Periodicals and the Invention of the Living Author Christine Marie Woody University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Recommended Citation Woody, Christine Marie, "Romantic Periodicals and the Invention of the Living Author" (2016). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2102. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2102 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2102 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Romantic Periodicals and the Invention of the Living Author Abstract ROMANTIC PERIODICALS AND THE INVENTION OF THE LIVING AUTHOR Christine Marie Woody Michael Gamer This dissertation asks how the burgeoning market of magazines, book reviews, and newspapers shapes the practice and meaning of authorship during the Romantic period. Surveying the innovations in and conventions of British periodical culture between 1802 and 1830, this study emphasizes the importance of four main periodicals—the Edinburgh Review, Quarterly Review, London Magazine, and Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine—to the period’s understanding of what it means to be, or read, an author who is still living. In it, I argue that British periodicals undertook a project to theorize, narrativize, and regulate the deceptively simple concept of a living author. Periodicals confronted the inadequacy of their critical methods in dealing with the living and came to define the “living author” as a disturbing model for the everyday person—an encouragement to self-display and a burden on public attention. Through their engagement with this disruptive figure, periodical writers eventually found in it a potential model for their own contingent, anonymous work, and embraced the self-actualizing possibilities that this reviled figure unexpectedly offered. My chapters survey crises and scandals in the periodical sphere; from the famous attacks on John Keats and Leigh Hunt, to the dismissal of female novelists like Fanny Burney, to the uproar over the political apostasies of William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Robert Southey. Through a critical look at the book-reviewing project and other responses to living authors, I argue that the Romantic periodical invented living authorship as practice rather than ontology, emphasizing the importance of body, habit, and iterative performance to its significance. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group English First Advisor Michael Gamer Keywords authorship, book history, periodicals, reception studies, Romantic, Romanticism This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2102 ROMANTIC PERIODICALS AND THE INVENTION OF THE LIVING AUTHOR Christine Marie Woody A DISSERTATION in English Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2016 Supervisor of Dissertation ___________________________________________ Michael Gamer Associate Professor of English Graduate Group Chairperson _____________________________________________ Melissa E. Sanchez Associate Professor of English, Graduate Chair Dissertation Committee Paul Saint-Amour, Associate Professor of English Peter Stallybrass, Annenberg Professor in the Humanities and Professor of English ROMANTIC PERIODICALS AND THE INVENTION OF THE LIVING AUTHOR COPYRIGHT 2016 Christine Marie Woody Acknowledgements I would like to express my thanks to my dissertation committee—Michael Gamer, Paul Saint- Amour, and Peter Stallybrass—for their wisdom and support as I completed this project. I am deeply indebted to them for their thoughtful feedback and willingness to slog through some very baggy early drafts. I would also like to acknowledge the assistance of Rachel Buurma, whose feedback on my second chapter was revelatory, and Laurence Lockridge and Mary Poovey, under whose guidance at New York University the seed of this project was planted. My thanks to the English Department at the University of Pennsylvania for its support, both financial and intellectual, during the course of my degree. I am obliged to the staff of the British Library, National Library of Scotland, and New York Public Library, as well as the University of Pennsylvania’s Kislak Center and New York University’s Fales Library for their assistance in my research. I gratefully acknowledge support from the University of Pennsylvania’s King’s College Fellowship, which made my research in the United Kingdom possible, and from the Research Society for Victorian Periodicals, which allowed to me share an earlier version of my third chapter with other periodical aficionados. Finally, a thank you to my parents, David and Diane Woody, and my husband, Ken Cushen, whose unflagging love and dogged faith helped me see my way through. iii ABSTRACT ROMANTIC PERIODICALS AND THE INVENTION OF THE LIVING AUTHOR Christine Marie Woody Michael Gamer This dissertation asks how the burgeoning market of magazines, book reviews, and newspapers shapes the practice and meaning of authorship during the Romantic period. Surveying the innovations in and conventions of British periodical culture between 1802 and 1830, this study emphasizes the importance of four main periodicals—the Edinburgh Review, Quarterly Review, London Magazine, and Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine—to the period’s understanding of what it means to be, or read, an author who is still living. In it, I argue that British periodicals undertook a project to theorize, narrativize, and regulate the deceptively simple concept of a living author. Periodicals confronted the inadequacy of their critical methods in dealing with the living and came to define the “living author” as a disturbing model for the everyday person—an encouragement to self-display and a burden on public attention. Through their engagement with this disruptive figure, periodical writers eventually found in it a potential model for their own contingent, anonymous work, and embraced the self-actualizing possibilities that this reviled figure unexpectedly offered. My chapters survey crises and scandals in the periodical sphere; from the famous attacks on John Keats and Leigh Hunt, to the dismissal of female novelists like Fanny Burney, to the uproar over the political apostasies of William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Robert Southey. Through a critical look at the book-reviewing project and other responses to living authors, I argue that the Romantic periodical invented living authorship as practice rather than ontology, emphasizing the importance of body, habit, and iterative performance to its significance. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... III ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ IV TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................................... V LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................. VII LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .............................................................................................. VIII INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1: THE SYNECDOCHE AND THE REVIEW .......................................... 21 I: The Synecdochic Review ................................................................................................................... 26 II: The Edinburgh’s acid and synecdochic play ................................................................................... 36 III: The reviewing persona – Lawyers, tyrants, and cannibals ............................................................ 46 IV: Conclusion – Surface Reading? ...................................................................................................... 55 CHAPTER 2: THE PRACTICE OF PERSONALITY ................................................... 62 I: “Personality” as Personal Attack ...................................................................................................... 62 II: The Problem of the Surplus Author ................................................................................................ 69 III: Controlling the Authorship Drive .................................................................................................. 79 IV: Driving to Distraction ..................................................................................................................... 90 V: Unintended Consequences ............................................................................................................... 97 CHAPTER 3: CONFRONTING THE LIVING AUTHOR ........................................ 101 I: What is a Living Author? ............................................................................................................... 102 II: Death, Neglect, and Apostasy – Narratives of Living Authorship ................................................ 111 III: Reviewing “Greatness” – The Case of Walter Scott .................................................................... 130 IV: The “Living Authors”
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