Carleton University Fall 2006 Department of Political Science

PSCI 3500A Gender and Politics: Liberal Democracies Lectures: Thursdays 8:35 – 11:25, TB 236

Instructor: Cheryl Collier Office: Loeb B646 Office Hours:Thursdays 11:40 – 12:40 or by appointment Phone: 520-2600 ext. 1598 (no voicemail) Email: [email protected]

This course comparatively studies the sex/gender dimensions of political theory, political culture, mass and elite-level participation and public policy as manifested in selected liberal democracies. It will examine the broad concept of gender and politics across jurisdictions within Canada and compares the Canadian case to Australia, Britain and the United States.

Students will learn to practically apply the comparative method from a women-centred perspective and will learn how to contextualize women's diverse political experiences in liberal democracies, taking account of differences based on class, race, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation, etc. Participation in class is strongly encouraged. Key course concepts and assignments will be explained in detail during class discussions and through some group activities.

Please come prepared for class by reading the majority of the required readings that are assigned each week before attending lectures. It is expected that each student will have read all of the required readings to be adequately prepared for the final exam. Supplemental readings are listed to provide further background reading and for additional research purposes.

Course Requirements and Evaluation – 1. Women Leaders Profile 20% Due October 12 2a. Research Essay Outline 10% Due October 26 2b. Research Essay 35% Due November 23 3. Final Exam 35% (to be scheduled between December 6-22, 2006)

****Note that all assignments must be completed and submitted in order to receive a credit for this course.

Required Texts – (available for purchase in the Carleton Bookstore) Louise Chappell and Lisa Hill eds. 2006. The Politics of Women’s Interests: New Comparative and International Perspectives, Routledge. PSCI 3500A: Gender and Politics: Liberal Democracies Coursepack 2006. .

1 Supplemental Texts - (available for purchase in the Carleton Bookstore) Jill Vickers 1997. Reinventing Political Science, Fernwood Publishing: Halifax. Louise Chappell 2002. Gendering Government: Feminist Engagement with the State in Australia and Canada, UBC Press: Vancouver.

Other Supplemental Texts - (on reserve in the library) Manon Tremblay and Linda Trimble eds. 2003. Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, Oxford University Press: Don Mills. Manon Tremblay and Caroline Andrew eds. 1998. Women and Political Representation in Canada, University of Press: Ottawa. Marianne Githens, Pippa Norris and Joni Lovenduski eds. 1994. Different Roles, Different Voices: Women and Politics in the United States and Europe, Harper Collins College Publishers: New York. Mary Fainsod Katzenstein and Carol McClurg Mueller eds. 1987. Women's Movements of the United States and Western Europe: Consciousness, Political Opportunity, and Public Policy, Temple University Press: Philadelphia.

***Note that some required readings will be assigned from supplemental texts but are also available in the Coursepack. All of the above texts will be on reserve in the library (where available), along with other required and many of the supplementary readings for the course.

Course Assignment Details -

1. Women Leaders Profile (20%) - Students will write a profile of one successful woman politician who has obtained leadership status in one liberal democracy other than Canada, Australia, Britain or the United States. Profiles must assess the meaning of political “success” for this particular leader, analyze how she got to this position in her particular country, and any obstacles she had to overcome (as well as how she did it) along the way. Length - 7-10 pages. Detailed instructions will be distributed in class. Due in class, October 12.

2. Research Essay Outline (10%) - Students will submit a 1-2 page outline of their research essays, stating the proposed thesis and line of argumentation and a list of at least six academic sources. Outlines will be peer-reviewed (in groups). Students will have the option of handing in the essay outline as is after it is peer reviewed that day, or of taking an additional week to improve the outline before final submission (final due date for revised peer reviewed outlines is – November 2). Detailed instructions will be distributed in class. Due in class, October 26 for peer review. Note - outlines that are not received at the beginning of class on this date will not be graded, nor will they be accepted the following week. All outlines must be subject to peer review to be graded.

3. Research Essay (35%) - Write a 10-15 page comparative research essay addressing one of a list of research questions to be distributed in class. Essays will compare two of

2 the four core countries covered in class (Canada, Australia, Britain, and the United States). Detailed instructions will be distributed in class. Due in class, November 23.

4. Final Exam (35%) - To be held during the scheduled exam period (December 6-22 2006). 3 hours, essay question format. Students will answer 3 questions drawn from a list of 6 distributed at the last scheduled class. (Note: there will be no choice of questions on the final exam.)

Submission of Work and Late Policy - All assignments are due IN CLASS at the beginning of lecture and must be handed directly (in hard copy) to the instructor. Faxed or emailed assignments will not be accepted. Overdue assignments will lose one grade point per day (including weekends - for example from B to B-). Extensions are rare and only granted upon presentation of a medical certificate. Late assignments should be deposited in the Political Science Drop Box, not my personal mailbox. All assignments submitted via the Drop Box will be considered to be late by at least one day no matter when they are handed in (as per departmental guidelines). All written work must be handed in by December 5, 2006.

Return of Work - Assignments 1 and 2a will be returned in class once they have been graded. Assignment 2b may be returned in class but most likely will be returned at the final exam. Students who wish to have their assignments returned by mail must attach a self-addressed, stamped envelope to their assignments upon submission.

*****All work must be the original work of the student. Plagiarism is an academic offence and will not be tolerated. Also remember that it is unacceptable to hand in the same assignment for two or more courses.

Lecture and Reading Schedule -

September 7 Introduction and overview of the course Readings – Chappell and Hill, Chapter 1.

September 14 Liberal Democracies and the Comparative Method Readings – Giovanni Sartori 1991. "Comparing and Miscomparing" Journal of Theoretical Politics 3 (3) 243-257 (coursepack).

Recommended - Jill Vickers 1997. Reinventing Political Science, Chapters 1 and 5; Lawrence LeDuc, Richard Niemi and Pippa Norris eds. 1996. Introductory Chapter in Comparing Democracies (1-12), Sage Publications. (For students unfamiliar with liberalism and who want more background on comparing with women in mind, these readings are strongly recommended.)

September 21 Theory Readings – Jill Vickers 1997. Reinventing Political Science, Chapter 2 (coursepack); Chappell and Hill, Chapter 2.

3 Recommended - Sandra Harding 1994. "The Instability of the Analytical Categories of Feminist Theory," in Githens, Norris and Lovenduski ed. Different Roles, Different Voices 17-22; Tuana and Tong 1995. "Liberal Feminist Perspectives," in Feminism and Philosophy 5-9; John Stuart Mill, "The Subjection of Women," in Jaggar and Rothenberg ed. 1993. Feminist Frameworks 3rd ed.

September 28 Becoming Citizens? Readings – Chappell and Hill, Chapters 9 and 10

Recommended - Audrey Oldfield 1992. Woman Suffrage in Australia, Chapters 1 and 11, 3-21 and 212-230; Pippa Norris, "The Impact of the Electoral System on Election of Women to National Legislatures," in Githen, Norris and Lovenduski ed. Different Roles, Different Voices 114-120; Tremblay and Trimble 2003. Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, Chapter 2; Jane Errington 1993. "Pioneers and Suffragists," in Burt, Code and Dorney eds. Changing Patterns: Women in Canada; Ruth Lister 2003. Citizenship and Feminist Perspectives 2nd ed., NYU Press.

October 5 Gender Gaps and Aspiring Politicians Readings – Chappell and Hill, Chapters 3 and 4; Linda Trimble and Jane Arscott 2003 Still Counting: Women in Politics Across Canada, Chapter 3, 42-68 (coursepack).

Recommended - Pamela Johnston Conover, "Feminists and the Gender Gap," in Githens et. al. Different Roles, Different Voices, 51-60; Mary Katzenstein and Carol Mueller 1987 The Women's Movements of the United States and Western Europe Chapter 4, 89-110; Tremblay and Trimble 2003. Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, Chapter 10; Janet Clark, "Getting There: Women in Political Office," in Githens et. al. Different Roles, Different Voices, 99-110.

October 12 Working with Parties ***Leadership Profiles Due*** Readings - Chappell and Hill Chapter 5; Lisa Young 2000. Feminists and Party Politics, Chapter 6 183-206 (coursepack).

Recommended - Jocelyne Praud 1998, "Affirmative Action and Women's Representation in the ," in Tremblay and Andrew eds. Women and Political Representation in Canada, 171-194; Tremblay and Trimble 2003. Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, Chapter 7; Katzenstein and Mueller 1987. The Women's Movements of the United States and Western Europe, Chapter 9.

4 October 19 Do Women Represent Women? Readings – Review Chappell and Hill Chapter 5; Jill Vickers 1997. "Toward a Feminist Understanding of Representation, in Arscott and Trimble eds. In the Presence of Women, 20-46 (coursepack); Manon Tremblay 1998. "Do Female MPs Substantively Represent Women? A Study of Legislative Behaviour in Canada's 35th Parliament" in the Canadian Journal of Political Science XXXI:3 (Sept. 1998), 435-465 (coursepack).

Recommended - Lisa Young 1997. "Fulfilling the Mandate of Difference: Women in the Canadian House of Commons, in Arscott and Trimble eds. In the Presence of Women, 82-103; Rosemary Brown 1989. Being Brown: A Very Public Life; Tremblay and Trimble 2003. Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, Chapter 3; Sheila Copps 1986. Nobody's Baby: A Woman's Guide to Survival in Politics.

October 26 Women and Diversity in Official Politics ***ESSAY OUTLINES DUE BEGINNING OF CLASS*** Readings – Gemma Tang Nain, “Black Women, Sexism and Racism,” in Githens Norris and Lovenduski eds. 1994. Different Roles, Different Voices, 214-228 (coursepack).

Recommended - Tremblay and Trimble, 2003. Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, Chapter 4; Githens, Norris and Lovenduski eds. 1994. Different Roles, Different Voices, Chapter 9, 250-271; Jewel L. Prestage 1994. "In Quest of African American Political Woman," in Githens et. al. Different Roles, Different Voices, 37-45; Vickers 1997. Reinventing Political Science, Chapter 6; Tremblay and Andrew eds. Women and Representation in Canada, Chapter 11, 311-340.

November 2 Women's Movements Readings - Review Chappell and Hill Chapter 2 (especially pp. 25-33) and Chapter 8.

Recommended - Katzenstein and Mueller 1987. Women's Movements of the United States and Western Europe, Chapter 12; LeDuc Niemi and Norris eds. 1996. Comparing Democracies, Chapter 5, 134-159, Jill Vickers, Pauline Rankin and Christine Appelle 1993. Politics As if Women Mattered: A Political Analysis of the National Action Committee on the Status of Women; Joyce Gelb 1989. Feminist and Politics: A Comparative Perspective; Chappell Chapter 2; Constance Backhouse and David H. Flaherty eds. 1992. Challenging Times: The Women's Movement in Canada and the United States.

November 9 State Feminism Readings - Review Chappell and Hill Chapter 8 (especially pp.165-168), Chapters 6 and 7.

Recommended - Louise Chappell 2002. Gendering Government, Chapters 1, 4 and 5; Tremblay and Andrew eds. 1998. Women and Political Representation in Canada, Chapter 4; Jonathan Malloy 2003. Between Colliding Worlds: The ambiguous existence

5 of government agencies for aboriginal and women's policy (chapters on women's policy agencies).

November 16 The Legal Route Readings - Chappell 2002. Chapter 5 (coursepack); Chappell and Hill Chapter 11.

Recommended - Alexandra Dobrowolsky 2000. The Politics of Pragmatism, Oxford Univ. Press: Don Mills; Jill Vickers 1993. “The Canadian Women’s Movement and a Changing Constitutional Order,” in International Journal of Canadian Studies 7-8 (1993), 261-284; Marian Sawer and Jill Vickers, “Women’s Constitutional Activism in Australia and Canada,” in Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, Vol 13 (2001), 1- 36.

November 23 Women and Public Policy - Child Care and Violence Against Women ***RESEARCH ESSAYS DUE*** Readings - Sonya Michel and Rianne Mahon 2002. Child Care Policy at the Crossroads: Gender and Welfare State Restructuring, Chapter 9 [by Vicky Randall] “Child Care in Britain” (coursepack); S. Laurel Weldon 2002. Protest, Policy and the Problem of Violence Against Women, A Cross-National Comparison, Chapter 2 (coursepack).

Recommended - Nancy Matthews 1994. Confronting Rape: The Feminist Anti-Rape Movement and the State; Gillian Walker 1990. Family Violence and the Women's Movement: The Conceptual Politics of Struggle, Tremblay and Andrew eds. 1998. Women and Political Representation in Canada Chapter 2, 39-84; Susan Prentice ed. Changing Child Care: Five Decades of Child Care Advocacy and Policy in Canada; S. Laurel Weldon 2002. Protest, Policy and the Problem of Violence Against Women, A Cross-National Comparison.

November 30 Review Class ***EXAM PREP AND LIST OF POSSIBLE ESSAY QUESTIONS***

Academic Accommodations

For Students with Disabilities: Students with disabilities requiring academic accommodations in this course are encouraged to contact the Paul Menton Centre (PMC) for Students with Disabilities (500 University Centre) to complete the necessary forms. After registering with the PMC, make an appointment to meet with the instructor in order to discuss your needs at least two weeks before the first in-class test or CUTV midterm exam. This will allow for sufficient time to process your request. Please note the following deadlines for submitting completed forms to the PMC for formally scheduled exam accommodations: November 6th, 2006 for fall and fall/winter term courses, and March 9th, 2007 for winter term courses.

For Religious Observance: Students requesting accommodation for religious observances should apply in writing to their instructor for alternate dates and/or means of satisfying academic requirements. Such requests should be made during the first two weeks of class, or as soon as

6 possible after the need for accommodation is known to exist, but no later than two weeks before the compulsory academic event. Accommodation is to be worked out directly and on an individual basis between the student and the instructor(s) involved. Instructors will make accommodations in a way that avoids academic disadvantage to the student. Instructors and students may contact an Equity Services Advisor for assistance (www.carleton.ca/equity).

For Pregnancy: Pregnant students requiring academic accommodations are encouraged to contact an Equity Advisor in Equity Services to complete a letter of accommodation. Then, make an appointment to discuss your needs with the instructor at least two weeks prior to the first academic event in which it is anticipated the accommodation will be required.

Plagiarism: The Undergraduate Calendar defines plagiarism as: "to use and pass off as one's own idea or product, work of another without expressly giving credit to another." The Graduate Calendar states that plagiarism has occurred when a student either: (a) directly copies another's work without acknowledgment; or (b) closely paraphrases the equivalent of a short paragraph or more without acknowledgment; or (c) borrows, without acknowledgment, any ideas in a clear and recognizable form in such a way as to present them as the student's own thought, where such ideas, if they were the student's own would contribute to the merit of his or her own work. Instructors who suspect plagiarism are required to submit the paper and supporting documentation to the Departmental Chair who will refer the case to the Dean. It is not permitted to hand in the same assignment to two or more courses. The Department's Style Guide is available at: www.carleton.ca/polisci/undergrad/styleguide.pdf

Oral Examination: At the discretion of the instructor, students may be required to pass a brief oral examination on research papers and essays.

Submission and Return of Term Work: Papers must be handed directly to the instructor and will not be date-stamped in the departmental office. Late assignments may be submitted to the drop box in the corridor outside B640 Loeb. Assignments will be retrieved every business day at 4 p.m., stamped with that day's date, and then distributed to the instructor. For essays not returned in class please attach a stamped, self-addressed envelope if you wish to have your assignment returned by mail. Please note that assignments sent via fax or email will not be accepted. Final exams are intended solely for the purpose of evaluation and will not be returned.

Approval of final grades: Standing in a course is determined by the course instructor subject to the approval of the Faculty Dean. This means that grades submitted by an instructor may be subject to revision. No grades are final until they have been approved by the Dean.

Course Requirements: Students must fulfill all course requirements in order to achieve a passing grade. Failure to hand in any assignment will result in a grade of F. Failure to write the final exam will result in a grade of ABS. FND (Failure B No Deferred) is assigned when a student's performance is so poor during the term that they cannot pass the course even with 100% on the final examination. In such cases, instructors may use this notation on the Final Grade Report to indicate that a student has already failed the course due to inadequate term work and should not be permitted access to a deferral of the examination. Deferred final exams are available ONLY if the student is in good standing in the course.

Connect Email Accounts: The Department of Political Science strongly encourages students to sign up for a campus email account. Important course and University information will be distributed via the Connect email system. See http://connect.carleton.ca for instructions on how to set up your account.

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