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Xvii Three Baskets (Tipitaka) I Buddhism
261 XVII THREE BASKETS ( TIPITAKA ) I BUDDHISM COTETS 1. What is the Tipitaka ? 2. Language of Buddha’s words (Buddhavacana ) 3. What is Pali? 4. The First Council 5. The Second Council 6. The Great Schism 7. Origin of the Eighteen ikayas (Schools of Buddhism) 8. The Third Council 9. Committing the Tipitaka to Memory 10. Fourth Council: Committing the Tipitaka to Writing 11. Fifth and Sixth Councils in Myanmar 12. Conclusion 13. Appendix: Contents of the Tipitaka or Three Baskets 14. Explanatory Notes 15. References 262 • Buddhism Course 1. What is the Tipitaka ? The word of the Buddha, which is originally called the Dhamma , consists of three aspects, namely: Doctrine ( Pariyatti ), Practice (Patipatti ) and Realization ( Pativedha ). The Doctrine is preserved in the Scriptures called the Tipitaka . English translators of the Tipitaka have estimated it to be eleven times the size of the Christian Bible. It contains the Teachings of the Buddha expounded from the time of His Enlightenment to Parinibbana over forty-five years. Tipitaka in Pali means Three Baskets (Ti = Three, Pitaka = Basket), not in the sense of function of storing but of handing down , just like workers carry earth with the aid of baskets handed on from worker to worker, posted in a long line from point of removal to point of deposit, so the Baskets of Teachings are handed down over the centuries from teacher to pupil. The Three Baskets are: Basket of Discipline ( Vinaya Pitaka ), which deals mainly with the rules and regulations of the Order of monks and nuns; Basket of Discourses ( Sutta Pitaka ) which contains the discourses delivered by the Buddha to individuals or assemblies of different ranks in the course of his ministry; Basket of Ultimate Things ( Abhidhamma Pitaka ) which consists of the four ultimate things: Mind ( Citta ), Mental-factors ( Cetasikas ), Matter ( Rupa ) and ibbana . -
Friday 18 September 2020 6-Minute Talk with Latest Edition Harin’S Father Vol: 09/234 Price : Rs 30.00 by Buddhika Samaraweera and W.K
The day before Easter attacks CID Officer had FRIDAY 18 september 2020 6-minute talk with LATEST EDITION Harin’s father VOL: 09/234 PRICE : Rs 30.00 BY BUDDHIKA SAMARAWEERA AND W.K. In Sports PRASAD MANJU President discusses A six-minute-long telephone conversation had development taken place between an officer attached to the Criminal Investigations Department (CID) and of country’s sports Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB) National List MP President Gotabaya Rajapaksa met Harin Fernando's father, Nihal Fernando on 20 Minister of Sports and Youth affairs April 2019, the day before Easter Sunday attacks Namal Rajapaksa, former Sri Lanka last year,... skipper Kumar Sangakkara and others for a discussion on Wednesday (16), regarding the country’s sports. Story Continued on PAGE 2 A16 Notice Issued on MT Diamond’s Skipper Charges include failure to adopt safety measures SL to Withdraw BY HANSI NANAYAKKARA He further said, following an Colombo Additional order obtained from the Court Magistrate Priyantha Liyanage at the previous hearing, yesterday (17), issued notice statements had been recorded from UNHRC on the Captain of the ‘MT New from four persons, including Diamond’ oil tanker to appear the Captain of the ship and BY THAMEENAH RAZEEK before him on 28 September. observed that more He issued the notice on the statements had to be recorded While concurring with the position that Sri Lanka should Captain of the distressed oil from a few more crew pull out from the United Nations Human Rights Council tanker, following a request members. (UNHRC), Cabinet Spokesman Keheliya Rambukwella made to Court by Deputy The prosecution told the said, Foreign Minister Dinesh Gunawardena Solicitor General Dileepa Additional Magistrate that informing the UNHRC of the withdrawal from the Peiris, who sought to name from the statement recorded co-sponsorship of Resolution 30/1 was the initial the Captain as a suspect in from the Captain, he had step in the process. -
And Dasa-Silas in Sinhala
3 Pañipatti 4 5 Arhant Mahinda as Redactor of the Buddhapåjàva and the Pa¤ca-, Aññhangika- and Dasa-sãlas in Sinhala Buddhism Trinity College, Suwanda H J Sugunasiri University of Toronto; Nalanda College Abstract of Buddhist Studies (Canada) Buddha Påjà ‘Homage to the Buddha’ is a religious practice found in every Buddhist temple and many a Buddhist household around the world. Over the last two millennia or more, it has taken many a shape and turn. This treatment, however, relates to the Buddha Påjà in the particular cultural context of Sinhala Buddhism, writing it as a single word, Buddhapåjàva (with a -va Canadian Journal of denoting the Sinhalizing suffix) to distinguish it from the ritual in Buddhist Studies, Number Eight, 2012 other cultural contexts. It is as practiced in Sri Lanka, ironically, not in Sinhala but in Pali, Buddhism being introduced in the 3rd c. BCE by Arhant Mahinda during the reign of Devanampiya Tissa in the Anuradhapura period. It is not the Buddhapåjàva itself, however, that is the topic of this paper, but its authorship. Finding no evidence of its authorship, or origin, in India, it comes to be located in Sri Lanka. Seeking evidence for its Redactor from within the ritual itself, we are led to none other than Arhant Mahinda who introduces the Buddhadhamma to the island. It is also established how, in the very process of creating the Buddhapåjàva, the pa¤ca-, aññhangika- and dasa-sãlas also come to be systematized into a coherent pattern. Two alternative dates for the possible launch of the ceremony © 2012 are suggested, making it the oldest living Buddhapåjà ritual in the by Nalanda College world. -
The Four Assemblies in Pāli Buddhism Bhikkhu Anālayo
The Four Assemblies in Pāli Buddhism Bhikkhu Anālayo The expression “four assemblies” refers to a basic division of the members of a Buddhist society, which could be monastic or lay, male or female. Hence the full set of four comprises monks, nuns, male lay followers, and female lay followers. The importance of these four emerges in a passage in the Mahāparinibbāna-sutta, according to which the Buddha declared that he would not pass away until he had achieved his mission of having competent disciples from each of these four assemblies (DN 16 at DN II 104). The im- portance this statement carries in the Theravāda tradition is reflected in the fact that it recurs again in other discourse collections in the Pāli canon, namely in the Saṃyutta-nikāya, the Aṅguttara-nikāya, and the Udāna.1 The rationale underlying this need concerns both the lay/monastic and the male/female divide. The teachings given by the Buddha, in the way these have come down in the Pāli discourses, were not limited to only privileged members of society. Caste, for example, was considered to be of no direct 1 SN 51.10 at SN V 261, AN 8.70 at AN IV 310, and Ud 6.1 at Ud 63. In the printed version of this article the bibliography was lost and changes to the text were made without consultation. For this reason, the present file is based on the original manuscript, formatted in such a way that it corresponds closely to the pagination of the printed version. 9 relevance for the ability to realize awakening, and so was gender. -
The Interface Between Buddhism and International Humanitarian Law (Ihl)
REDUCING SUFFERING DURING CONFLICT: THE INTERFACE BETWEEN BUDDHISM AND INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW (IHL) Exploratory position paper as background for 4th to 6th September 2019 conference in Dambulla, Sri Lanka Peter Harvey (University of Sunderland, Emeritus), with: Kate Crosby (King’s College, London), Mahinda Deegalle (Bath Spa University), Elizabeth Harris (University of Birmingham), Sunil Kariyakarawana (Buddhist Chaplain to Her Majesty’s Armed Forces), Pyi Kyaw (King’s College, London), P.D. Premasiri (University of Peradeniya, Emeritus), Asanga Tilakaratne (University of Colombo, Emeritus), Stefania Travagnin (University of Groningen). Andrew Bartles-Smith (International Committee of the Red Cross). Though he should conquer a thousand men in the battlefield, yet he, indeed, is the nobler victor who should conquer himself. Dhammapada v.103 AIMS AND RATIONALE OF THE CONFERENCE This conference, organized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in collaboration with a number of universities and organizations, will explore correspondences between Buddhism and IHL and encourage a constructive dialogue and exchange between the two domains. The conference will act as a springboard to understanding how Buddhism can contribute to regulating armed conflict, and what it offers in terms of guidance on the conduct of, and behavior during, war for Buddhist monks and lay persons – the latter including government and military personnel, non-State armed groups and civilians. The conference is concerned with the conduct of armed conflict, and not with the reasons and justifications for it, which fall outside the remit of IHL. In addition to exploring correspondences between IHL and Buddhist ethics, the conference will also explore how Buddhist combatants and communities understand IHL, and where it might align with Buddhist doctrines and practices: similarly, how their experience of armed conflict might be drawn upon to better promote IHL and Buddhist principles, thereby improving conduct of hostilities on the ground. -
Buddhist Pilgrimage Tour 09 DAYS
Buddhist Pilgrimage Tour 09 DAYS Theravada Buddhism is the State religion of Sri Lanka practiced by 70.2% of the Sri Lanka's population. The island has been a center of Buddhist scholarship and learning since the introduction of Buddhism in the third century BCE producing eminent scholars such as Buddhaghosa and preserving the vast Pāli Canon. Throughout most of its history, Sri Lankan kings have played a major role in the maintenance and revival of the Buddhist institutions of the island. HIGHLIGHTS Anuradhapura City Tour • Polonnaruwa City Tour • Sigiriya Rock Fortress • Dambulla Cave Temple • Temple Of Tooth Relic • Nuwara Eliya City Tour • Colombo City Tour HOLIDAY OF Customer Name TRAVELING IN st st 01 July to 31 October 2019 & 01st November to 31st December 2020 YOUR TOUR CONSULTANT LAKPURA Lakpura, meaning the ‘Whole of Lanka’ pays homage to the resplendent Island that is Sri Lanka. Our own journey began in 2008 and ever since then, we’ve been creating memorable adventures and vibrant encounters for travelers to Sri Lanka with an eye of details and an insightful approach that is best fitted in crafting tailor-made packages. +94 778100800 Copyright © Lakpura Travels (Pvt) Ltd • +94117488288 • [email protected] Day 01 Airport > Negombo Overnight Arrive at Colombo International Airport. Here, you will be met by a designated chauffer guide from Lakpura. After the formalities at the airport you will be escorted to your air-conditioned vehicle and See Hotel Collection proceed to Negombo and check in to the hotel. (Travel Time: 20 to 30 mins) Room Type Room Category Enjoy the sun on the sandy beaches of Negombo on the Western Coast of Sri Lanka. -
Sri Lanka Assessment
SRI LANKA COUNTRY ASSESSMENT October 2002 Country Information & Policy Unit IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Sri Lanka October 2002 CONTENTS 1. Scope of Document 1.1 - 1.4 2. Geography 2.1 - 2.4 3. Economy 3.1 - 3.2 4. History 4.1 - 4.79 - Independence to 1994 4.1 - 4.10 - 1994 to the present 4.11 - 4.50 - The Peace Process January 2000 - October 4.51 - 4.79 2002 5. State Structures 5.1 - 5.34 The Constitution 5.1 - 5.2 - Citizenship and Nationality 5.3 - 5.4 Political System 5.5. - 5.7 Judiciary 5.8 - 5.10 Legal Rights/Detention 5.11 - 5.21 - Death penalty 5.22 - 5.23 Internal Security 5.24 - 5.25 Prisons and Prison Conditions 5.26 Military Service 5.27 - 5.28 Medical Services 5.29 - 5.33 Educational System 5.34 6. Human Rights 6.1 - 6.168 6.A Human Rights Issues 6.1 - 6.51 Overview 6.1 - 6.4 Freedom of Speech and the Media 6.5 - 6.8 - Treatment of journalists 6.9 - 6.11 Freedom of Religion - Introduction 6.12 - Buddhists 6.13 - Hindus 6.14 - Muslims 6.15 - 6.18 - Christians 6.19 - Baha'is 6.20 Freedom of Assembly & Association 6.21 - Political Activists 6.22 - 6.26 Employment Rights 6.27 - 6.32 People Trafficking 6.33 - 6.35 Freedom of Movement 6.36 - 6.43 - Immigrants and Emigrants Act 6.44 - 6.51 6.B Human Rights - Specific Groups 6.52 - 6.151 Ethnic Groups - Tamils and general Human Rights Issues 6.52 - 6.126 - Up-country Tamils 6.127 - 6.130 - Indigenous People 6.131 Women 6.132 - 6.139 Children 6.140 - 6.145 - Child Care Arrangements 6.146 - 6.150 Homosexuals 6.151 6.C Human Rights - Other Issues -
Provincial Councils Do Not Need Police Powers
Vol. 30 No. 25 Tuesday 14th December, 2010, 44 pages Rs. 20 Registered in Sri Lanka as a Newspaper - Late City Edition ‘WAR CRIMES: ONLY 55% OF THE ACCUSATIONS DOGS ARE SANTA’S THE GLOBAL PSYWAR DEVELOPMENT AGAINST ASSANGE FAVORITES AGAINST SRI LANKA PROJECTS ON SCHEDULE 11 12 Financial review Leisure land Inside: Grade 5 Scholarship Norwegian funds used for LTTE arms Exam Cut-off Marks Provincial Councils do not need police powers – Karuna Elizabeth Hurley admits marriage is over after LTTE cannot be revived and former Tigers will never kiss with Shane Warne want to join a terrorist outfilt of that nature and undergo suffering; they have suffered enough, Deputy Minister Muralitharan says BY HARISCHANDRA GUNARATNA Resettlement Deputy Minister through the provincial councils to the Vinayagamoorty Muralitharan, better North and the East,” he said. A group of the UNP MPs led by Sajith Premadasa, yesterday, briefed the press at Hotel Sapphire, known as Karuna, giving evidence “The UNP never made a sincere Wellawatte. After the event, Premadasa, Rosy Senanayake, Thalatha Athukorala, Sujeewa before the Lessons Learnt and effort to end the war and successive Senasinghe and Ranjith Maddumabandara were seen in a jubilant mood in the lobby of the Reconciliation governments made no Commission yesterday attempt to nip the The model and actress wed Hotel. (Photo-Kamal Bogoda) said that the type of LTTE in the bud; nor Arun Nayar, an Indian business- political solution that did the international man, in a lavish celebration only he would advocated was Karuna community” he said. three years ago. one which was accept- Although some UNP to stage mammoth protest able to the majority before countries had banned WORLD VIEW community and guaran- the LTTE, they teed the security of LLRC allowed its leaders to against govt on Jan. -
Association of Buddhist Studies
JIABS Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies Volume 36 / 37 2013 / 2014 (2015) The Journal of the International EDITORIAL BOARD Association of Buddhist Studies (ISSN 0193-600XX) is the organ of the International Association of KELLNER Birgit Buddhist Studies, Inc. As a peer- STRAUCH Ingo reviewed journal, it welcomes scholarly Joint Editors contributions pertaining to all facets of Buddhist Studies. JIABS is published yearly. BUSWELL Robert CHEN Jinhua The JIABS is now available online in open access at http://journals.ub.uni- COLLINS Steven heidelberg.de/index.php/jiabs. Articles COX Collett become available online for free 24 months after their appearance in print. GÓMEZ Luis O. Current articles are not accessible on- HARRISON Paul line. Subscribers can choose between VON HINÜBER Oskar receiving new issues in print or as PDF. JACKSON Roger Manuscripts should preferably be JAINI Padmanabh S. submitted as e-mail attachments to: KATSURA Shōryū [email protected] as one single file, complete with footnotes and references, KUO Li-ying in two different formats: in PDF-format, LOPEZ, Jr. Donald S. and in Rich-Text-Format (RTF) or MACDONALD Alexander Open-Document-Format (created e.g. by Open Office). SCHERRER-SCHAUB Cristina SEYFORT RUEGG David Address subscription orders and dues, SHARF Robert changes of address, and business correspondence (including advertising STEINKELLNER Ernst orders) to: TILLEMANS Tom Dr. Danielle Feller, IABS Assistant-Treasurer, IABS Department of Slavic and South Asian Studies (SLAS) Cover: Cristina Scherrer-Schaub Anthropole University of Lausanne Font: “Gandhari Unicode” CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland designed by Andrew Glass E-mail: [email protected] (http://andrewglass.org/fonts.php) Web: http://www.iabsinfo.net © Copyright 2015 by the Subscriptions to JIABS are USD 65 per International Association of year for individuals and USD 105 per Buddhist Studies, Inc. -
Die Parlamentswahlen Vom 5. Dezember 2001 Und Die
Marlies Salazar Die Parlaments- wahlen vom 5. Dezember 2001 und die Regierungsneu- bildung in Sri Lanka Am 5. Dezember 2001 fanden Überraschende Neuwahl in Sri Lanka vorgezogene des Parlaments in Sri Lanka Neuwahlen zum Parlament statt. Nach den gewalttätig- Obwohl das 11. Parlament von Sri Lanka erst am 10. sten Wahlen seit der Unab- Oktober 2000 gewählt wurde, also vor einem knap- hängigkeit dieses Landes pen Jahr, hat Präsidentin Kumaratunga am 11. Okto- hat Sri Lanka eine neue Re- gierung. Aufgrund des über- ber 2001 überraschend das Parlament aufgelöst und wältigenden Siegs der Oppo- Neuwahlen für den 5. Dezember 2001 anberaumt. Ihre sition sah Präsidentin Regierung hatte die Mehrheit verloren, und nachdem Chandrika Kumaratunga am 10. Oktober viele prominente Mitglieder ihrer sich genötigt, Oppositions- führer Ranil Wickreme- Partei von der Regierungsbank zur Oppositionsbank singhe zu bitten, Premier- überwechselten, wurde ihr klar, dass sie einem Miss- minister zu werden und eine trauensantrag diesmal nicht entgehen konnte. Um ihr neue Regierung zu bilden. Nach sieben Jahren Miss- Gesicht nicht zu verlieren, löste sie das Parlament wirtschaft durch die Peo- kurz nach Mitternacht am 11. Oktober 2001 auf und ple’s Alliance (PA) hat die setzte Neuwahlen für den 5. Dezember 2001 an. neue Regierung unter Die letzten Parlamentswahlen hatten wie gesagt Führung der United Natio- nal Party (UNP) ein schwe- erst ein Jahr zuvor stattgefunden. Damals hatte die res Erbe übernommen. People’s Alliance (PA), die 107 Sitze gewann (45,10 Schwerwiegende politische Prozent der Stimmen), den Sieg davongetragen. Zweit- und wirtschaftliche Pro- stärkste Partei wurde die United National Party (UNP) bleme müssen gelöst werden. -
Sri Lanka Attends Elephant-8 Ministerial Meeting in Delhi
2 Friday 27th May, 2011 The Island Home News Govt. determined to Deputy ... From page 1 eradicate ragging - SB Minister Basil Rajapaksa, Chief of entrants and they would be instructed how to BY SAMAN INDRAJITH Mission of IOM Richard Danziger and stand up against abuse. The students would be Ms Anoja Weerasinghe with some The Government is determined to elimi- versity entrants, the Minister said that ragging given training to bear the pressure and stand for rehabilitated youth in Colombo nate ragging from the universities, Higher had become a nuisance and it was high time that their rights instead of becoming cat’s paws of Education Minister S. B. those acts of torturing freshers was swept out political parties, the minister added. Dissanayake said in Parliament yester- from the university system once and for all. He admitted that there could be single inci- Minister Milinda Moragoda, he had day. The ragging phobia has taken a heavy toll dents of mishaps and troubles in the implementa- an opportunity to join with several “There would be no ragging in universi- among the students and many had opted out of tion of the leadership training programme. others to assist in the rehabilitation of ties next year. We will put an end to this horri- the university education due to a verbal, physical However, the opposition should not harbour any child soldiers. “In fact, we were the ble practice and if the need arises we will or psychological abuse of newcomers. Each year, fears of the outcome of this programme because first outsiders given access to child sol- shut down the universities to stop rag- dozens of students leave their course due to the government was determined to continue with diers before the army moved them to ging,” Dissanayake said. -
Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka
Policy Studies 40 Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka Neil DeVotta East-West Center Washington East-West Center The East-West Center is an internationally recognized education and research organization established by the U.S. Congress in 1960 to strengthen understanding and relations between the United States and the countries of the Asia Pacific. Through its programs of cooperative study, training, seminars, and research, the Center works to promote a stable, peaceful, and prosperous Asia Pacific community in which the United States is a leading and valued partner. Funding for the Center comes from the U.S. government, private foundations, individuals, cor- porations, and a number of Asia Pacific governments. East-West Center Washington Established on September 1, 2001, the primary function of the East- West Center Washington is to further the East-West Center mission and the institutional objective of building a peaceful and prosperous Asia Pacific community through substantive programming activities focused on the themes of conflict reduction, political change in the direction of open, accountable, and participatory politics, and American under- standing of and engagement in Asia Pacific affairs. Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka Policy Studies 40 ___________ Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka ___________________________ Neil DeVotta Copyright © 2007 by the East-West Center Washington Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka By Neil DeVotta ISBN: 978-1-932728-65-1 (online version) ISSN: 1547-1330 (online version) Online at: www.eastwestcenterwashington.org/publications East-West Center Washington 1819 L Street, NW, Suite 200 Washington, D.C.