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Xvii Three Baskets (Tipitaka) I Buddhism
261 XVII THREE BASKETS ( TIPITAKA ) I BUDDHISM COTETS 1. What is the Tipitaka ? 2. Language of Buddha’s words (Buddhavacana ) 3. What is Pali? 4. The First Council 5. The Second Council 6. The Great Schism 7. Origin of the Eighteen ikayas (Schools of Buddhism) 8. The Third Council 9. Committing the Tipitaka to Memory 10. Fourth Council: Committing the Tipitaka to Writing 11. Fifth and Sixth Councils in Myanmar 12. Conclusion 13. Appendix: Contents of the Tipitaka or Three Baskets 14. Explanatory Notes 15. References 262 • Buddhism Course 1. What is the Tipitaka ? The word of the Buddha, which is originally called the Dhamma , consists of three aspects, namely: Doctrine ( Pariyatti ), Practice (Patipatti ) and Realization ( Pativedha ). The Doctrine is preserved in the Scriptures called the Tipitaka . English translators of the Tipitaka have estimated it to be eleven times the size of the Christian Bible. It contains the Teachings of the Buddha expounded from the time of His Enlightenment to Parinibbana over forty-five years. Tipitaka in Pali means Three Baskets (Ti = Three, Pitaka = Basket), not in the sense of function of storing but of handing down , just like workers carry earth with the aid of baskets handed on from worker to worker, posted in a long line from point of removal to point of deposit, so the Baskets of Teachings are handed down over the centuries from teacher to pupil. The Three Baskets are: Basket of Discipline ( Vinaya Pitaka ), which deals mainly with the rules and regulations of the Order of monks and nuns; Basket of Discourses ( Sutta Pitaka ) which contains the discourses delivered by the Buddha to individuals or assemblies of different ranks in the course of his ministry; Basket of Ultimate Things ( Abhidhamma Pitaka ) which consists of the four ultimate things: Mind ( Citta ), Mental-factors ( Cetasikas ), Matter ( Rupa ) and ibbana . -
And Dasa-Silas in Sinhala
3 Pañipatti 4 5 Arhant Mahinda as Redactor of the Buddhapåjàva and the Pa¤ca-, Aññhangika- and Dasa-sãlas in Sinhala Buddhism Trinity College, Suwanda H J Sugunasiri University of Toronto; Nalanda College Abstract of Buddhist Studies (Canada) Buddha Påjà ‘Homage to the Buddha’ is a religious practice found in every Buddhist temple and many a Buddhist household around the world. Over the last two millennia or more, it has taken many a shape and turn. This treatment, however, relates to the Buddha Påjà in the particular cultural context of Sinhala Buddhism, writing it as a single word, Buddhapåjàva (with a -va Canadian Journal of denoting the Sinhalizing suffix) to distinguish it from the ritual in Buddhist Studies, Number Eight, 2012 other cultural contexts. It is as practiced in Sri Lanka, ironically, not in Sinhala but in Pali, Buddhism being introduced in the 3rd c. BCE by Arhant Mahinda during the reign of Devanampiya Tissa in the Anuradhapura period. It is not the Buddhapåjàva itself, however, that is the topic of this paper, but its authorship. Finding no evidence of its authorship, or origin, in India, it comes to be located in Sri Lanka. Seeking evidence for its Redactor from within the ritual itself, we are led to none other than Arhant Mahinda who introduces the Buddhadhamma to the island. It is also established how, in the very process of creating the Buddhapåjàva, the pa¤ca-, aññhangika- and dasa-sãlas also come to be systematized into a coherent pattern. Two alternative dates for the possible launch of the ceremony © 2012 are suggested, making it the oldest living Buddhapåjà ritual in the by Nalanda College world. -
The Four Assemblies in Pāli Buddhism Bhikkhu Anālayo
The Four Assemblies in Pāli Buddhism Bhikkhu Anālayo The expression “four assemblies” refers to a basic division of the members of a Buddhist society, which could be monastic or lay, male or female. Hence the full set of four comprises monks, nuns, male lay followers, and female lay followers. The importance of these four emerges in a passage in the Mahāparinibbāna-sutta, according to which the Buddha declared that he would not pass away until he had achieved his mission of having competent disciples from each of these four assemblies (DN 16 at DN II 104). The im- portance this statement carries in the Theravāda tradition is reflected in the fact that it recurs again in other discourse collections in the Pāli canon, namely in the Saṃyutta-nikāya, the Aṅguttara-nikāya, and the Udāna.1 The rationale underlying this need concerns both the lay/monastic and the male/female divide. The teachings given by the Buddha, in the way these have come down in the Pāli discourses, were not limited to only privileged members of society. Caste, for example, was considered to be of no direct 1 SN 51.10 at SN V 261, AN 8.70 at AN IV 310, and Ud 6.1 at Ud 63. In the printed version of this article the bibliography was lost and changes to the text were made without consultation. For this reason, the present file is based on the original manuscript, formatted in such a way that it corresponds closely to the pagination of the printed version. 9 relevance for the ability to realize awakening, and so was gender. -
The Interface Between Buddhism and International Humanitarian Law (Ihl)
REDUCING SUFFERING DURING CONFLICT: THE INTERFACE BETWEEN BUDDHISM AND INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW (IHL) Exploratory position paper as background for 4th to 6th September 2019 conference in Dambulla, Sri Lanka Peter Harvey (University of Sunderland, Emeritus), with: Kate Crosby (King’s College, London), Mahinda Deegalle (Bath Spa University), Elizabeth Harris (University of Birmingham), Sunil Kariyakarawana (Buddhist Chaplain to Her Majesty’s Armed Forces), Pyi Kyaw (King’s College, London), P.D. Premasiri (University of Peradeniya, Emeritus), Asanga Tilakaratne (University of Colombo, Emeritus), Stefania Travagnin (University of Groningen). Andrew Bartles-Smith (International Committee of the Red Cross). Though he should conquer a thousand men in the battlefield, yet he, indeed, is the nobler victor who should conquer himself. Dhammapada v.103 AIMS AND RATIONALE OF THE CONFERENCE This conference, organized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in collaboration with a number of universities and organizations, will explore correspondences between Buddhism and IHL and encourage a constructive dialogue and exchange between the two domains. The conference will act as a springboard to understanding how Buddhism can contribute to regulating armed conflict, and what it offers in terms of guidance on the conduct of, and behavior during, war for Buddhist monks and lay persons – the latter including government and military personnel, non-State armed groups and civilians. The conference is concerned with the conduct of armed conflict, and not with the reasons and justifications for it, which fall outside the remit of IHL. In addition to exploring correspondences between IHL and Buddhist ethics, the conference will also explore how Buddhist combatants and communities understand IHL, and where it might align with Buddhist doctrines and practices: similarly, how their experience of armed conflict might be drawn upon to better promote IHL and Buddhist principles, thereby improving conduct of hostilities on the ground. -
Buddhist Pilgrimage Tour 09 DAYS
Buddhist Pilgrimage Tour 09 DAYS Theravada Buddhism is the State religion of Sri Lanka practiced by 70.2% of the Sri Lanka's population. The island has been a center of Buddhist scholarship and learning since the introduction of Buddhism in the third century BCE producing eminent scholars such as Buddhaghosa and preserving the vast Pāli Canon. Throughout most of its history, Sri Lankan kings have played a major role in the maintenance and revival of the Buddhist institutions of the island. HIGHLIGHTS Anuradhapura City Tour • Polonnaruwa City Tour • Sigiriya Rock Fortress • Dambulla Cave Temple • Temple Of Tooth Relic • Nuwara Eliya City Tour • Colombo City Tour HOLIDAY OF Customer Name TRAVELING IN st st 01 July to 31 October 2019 & 01st November to 31st December 2020 YOUR TOUR CONSULTANT LAKPURA Lakpura, meaning the ‘Whole of Lanka’ pays homage to the resplendent Island that is Sri Lanka. Our own journey began in 2008 and ever since then, we’ve been creating memorable adventures and vibrant encounters for travelers to Sri Lanka with an eye of details and an insightful approach that is best fitted in crafting tailor-made packages. +94 778100800 Copyright © Lakpura Travels (Pvt) Ltd • +94117488288 • [email protected] Day 01 Airport > Negombo Overnight Arrive at Colombo International Airport. Here, you will be met by a designated chauffer guide from Lakpura. After the formalities at the airport you will be escorted to your air-conditioned vehicle and See Hotel Collection proceed to Negombo and check in to the hotel. (Travel Time: 20 to 30 mins) Room Type Room Category Enjoy the sun on the sandy beaches of Negombo on the Western Coast of Sri Lanka. -
Association of Buddhist Studies
JIABS Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies Volume 36 / 37 2013 / 2014 (2015) The Journal of the International EDITORIAL BOARD Association of Buddhist Studies (ISSN 0193-600XX) is the organ of the International Association of KELLNER Birgit Buddhist Studies, Inc. As a peer- STRAUCH Ingo reviewed journal, it welcomes scholarly Joint Editors contributions pertaining to all facets of Buddhist Studies. JIABS is published yearly. BUSWELL Robert CHEN Jinhua The JIABS is now available online in open access at http://journals.ub.uni- COLLINS Steven heidelberg.de/index.php/jiabs. Articles COX Collett become available online for free 24 months after their appearance in print. GÓMEZ Luis O. Current articles are not accessible on- HARRISON Paul line. Subscribers can choose between VON HINÜBER Oskar receiving new issues in print or as PDF. JACKSON Roger Manuscripts should preferably be JAINI Padmanabh S. submitted as e-mail attachments to: KATSURA Shōryū [email protected] as one single file, complete with footnotes and references, KUO Li-ying in two different formats: in PDF-format, LOPEZ, Jr. Donald S. and in Rich-Text-Format (RTF) or MACDONALD Alexander Open-Document-Format (created e.g. by Open Office). SCHERRER-SCHAUB Cristina SEYFORT RUEGG David Address subscription orders and dues, SHARF Robert changes of address, and business correspondence (including advertising STEINKELLNER Ernst orders) to: TILLEMANS Tom Dr. Danielle Feller, IABS Assistant-Treasurer, IABS Department of Slavic and South Asian Studies (SLAS) Cover: Cristina Scherrer-Schaub Anthropole University of Lausanne Font: “Gandhari Unicode” CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland designed by Andrew Glass E-mail: [email protected] (http://andrewglass.org/fonts.php) Web: http://www.iabsinfo.net © Copyright 2015 by the Subscriptions to JIABS are USD 65 per International Association of year for individuals and USD 105 per Buddhist Studies, Inc. -
Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka
Policy Studies 40 Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka Neil DeVotta East-West Center Washington East-West Center The East-West Center is an internationally recognized education and research organization established by the U.S. Congress in 1960 to strengthen understanding and relations between the United States and the countries of the Asia Pacific. Through its programs of cooperative study, training, seminars, and research, the Center works to promote a stable, peaceful, and prosperous Asia Pacific community in which the United States is a leading and valued partner. Funding for the Center comes from the U.S. government, private foundations, individuals, cor- porations, and a number of Asia Pacific governments. East-West Center Washington Established on September 1, 2001, the primary function of the East- West Center Washington is to further the East-West Center mission and the institutional objective of building a peaceful and prosperous Asia Pacific community through substantive programming activities focused on the themes of conflict reduction, political change in the direction of open, accountable, and participatory politics, and American under- standing of and engagement in Asia Pacific affairs. Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka Policy Studies 40 ___________ Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka ___________________________ Neil DeVotta Copyright © 2007 by the East-West Center Washington Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Ideology: Implications for Politics and Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka By Neil DeVotta ISBN: 978-1-932728-65-1 (online version) ISSN: 1547-1330 (online version) Online at: www.eastwestcenterwashington.org/publications East-West Center Washington 1819 L Street, NW, Suite 200 Washington, D.C. -
5000-Schools-Funded-By-The-Ministry
5000 Schools developed as Child Frendly Schools by funding Rs 500,000.00 by Economic Development Ministry to develop infastructure Province District Name of School Address Education Zone Education Division 1 Western Colombo SRI SANGAMITTA P.V. 62,ANANDA RAJAKARUNA MW.,COL-09 Colombo Borella 2 Western Colombo SUJATHA B.V. KIRIMANDALA MW.,COL-05 Colombo Colombo - South 3 Western Colombo LUMBINI P.V. HAVELOCK TOWN,COL-05. Colombo Colombo - South 4 Western Colombo ST.CLARE'S B.M.V. 1SR CHAPEL LANE,COL-06. Colombo Colombo - South 5 Western Colombo THANNINAYAGAM T.V. LESLEY RANAGALA MW.,COL-08 Colombo Borella 6 Western Colombo SIR BARON JAYATHILAKA V. MALIGAWATTA,COL-10. Colombo Colombo - Central 7 Western Colombo MIHINDU MAWATHA SINHALA V. MIHINDU MAWATHA,COLOMBO 12. Colombo Colombo - Central 8 Western Colombo ROMAN CATHOLIC V. KOTIKAWATTA, MULLERIYAWA NEW TOWN. Sri Jaya' pura Kolonnawa 9 Western Colombo MEETHOTAMULLA SRI RAHULA V. MEETHOTAMULLA, KOLONNAWA. Sri Jaya' pura Kolonnawa 10 Western Colombo KOTUWILA GAMINI V. KOTUWILA, WELLAMPITIYA. Sri Jaya' pura Kolonnawa 11 Western Colombo WERAGODA K.V. KOLONNAWA, WELLAMPITIYA. Sri Jaya' pura Kolonnawa 12 Western Colombo GOTHATUWA M.V. GOTHATUWA, ANGODA. Sri Jaya' pura Kolonnawa 13 Western Colombo VIDYAWARDENA V. WELLAMPITIYA, KOLONNAWA. Sri Jaya' pura Kolonnawa 14 Western Colombo SUGATHADHARMADHARA V. EGODAUYANA, MORATUWA Piliyandala Moratuwa 15 Western Colombo KATUKURUNDA ST MARY'S V. KATUKURUNDA, MORATUWA Piliyandala Moratuwa 16 Western Colombo SRI SADDARMODAYA V. KORALAWELLA MORATUWA Piliyandala Moratuwa 17 Western Colombo SRI NAGASENA V. KORAWELLA, MORATUWA Piliyandala Moratuwa 18 Western Colombo PITIPANA K.V. PITIPANA NORTH, HOMAGAMA. Homagama Homagama 19 Western Colombo DOLAHENA K.V. -
Buddhism and Politics the Politics of Buddhist Relic Diplomacy Between Bangladesh and Sri Lanka
Special Issue: Buddhism and Politics Journal of Buddhist Ethics ISSN 1076-9005 http://blogs.dickinson.edu/buddhistethics/ Volume 25, 2018 The Politics of Buddhist Relic Diplomacy Between Bangladesh and Sri Lanka D. Mitra Barua Cornell University Copyright Notice: Digital copies of this work may be made and distributed provided no change is made and no alteration is made to the content. Reproduction in any other format, with the exception of a single copy for private study, requires the written permission of the author. All en- quiries to: [email protected]. The Politics of Buddhist Relic Diplomacy Between Bangladesh and Sri Lanka D. Mitra Barua 1 Abstract Buddhists in Chittagong, Bangladesh claim to preserve a lock of hair believed to be of Sakyamuni Buddha himself. This hair relic has become a magnet for domestic and transnational politics; as such, it made journeys to Colom- bo in 1960, 2007, and 2011. The states of independent Cey- lon/Sri Lanka and East Pakistan/Bangladesh facilitated all three international journeys of the relic. Diplomats from both countries were involved in extending state invita- 1 The Robert H. N. Ho Family Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow, Cornell University. Email: [email protected]. The initial version of this article was presented at the confer- ence on “Buddhism and Politics” at the University of British Columbia in June 2014. It derives from the section of Buddhist transnational networks in my ongoing research project on Buddhism in Bengal. I am grateful to the Robert H. N. Ho Family Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship in Buddhist Studies (administered by the American Council of Learned Societies) for its generous funding that has enabled me to conduct the re- search. -
Asoka and Buddhism – a Reexamination
THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BUDDHIST STUDIES EDITOR-IN-CHIEF A. K. Narain University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA EDITORS L. M. Joshi Ernst Steinkellner Punjabi University University of Vienna Patiala, India Wien, Austria Alexander W. Macdonald fikido Takasaki Universite de Paris X University of Tokyo Nanterre, France Tokyo, Japan Bardwell Smith Robert Thurman Carleton College Amherst College Northjield, Minnesota, USA Amherst, Massachusetts, USA *»g ****$£ Volume 5 1982 Number 1 CONTENTS I. ARTICLES Original Purity and the Focus of Early Yogacara by John P. Keenan 7 The Dragon Girl and the Abbess of Mo-Shan: Gender and Status in the Chan Buddhist Tradition by Mir iam L. Levering 19 The Life and Times of Paramartha (499—569) try Diana Y. Paul 37 Studies in Traditional Indian Medicine in the Pali Can on: Jlvaka and Ayurveda by Kenneth G. Zy.sk 70 II. SHORT PAPERS Sa skya panchta's Account of the bSam yas Debate: Histo ry as Polemic by Roger Jackson 89 The Text on the "DharanI Stones from Abhayagiriya": A Minor Contribution to the Study of Mahayana Lit erature in Ceylon by Gregory Schopen ioo A Report on Buddhism in the People's Republic of China by Alan Sponberg 109 III. BOOK REVIEWS AND NOTICES Histoire du Cycle de la Naissance et de la Mort by Yoshiro Irnaeda 118 2. Theravada Meditation: The Buddhist Transformation by Winston King 121 3. Chinese Buddhism: Aspects of Interaction and Reinter- pretation by W. Pachow 124 4. Buddhism and Society in Southeast Asia by Donald K. Swearer 126 5. Tantra in Tibet and The Yoga of Tibet by Tsong kha pa 127 IV. -
Bodh Gayā in the Cultural Memory of Thailand
Eszter Jakab REMEMBERING ENLIGHTENMENT: BODH GAYĀ IN THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF THAILAND MA Thesis in Cultural Heritage Studies: Academic Research, Policy, Management. Central European University CEU eTD Collection Budapest June 2020 REMEMBERING ENLIGHTENMENT: BODH GAYĀ IN THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF THAILAND by Eszter Jakab (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Cultural Heritage Studies: Academic Research, Policy, Management. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection Budapest Month YYYY REMEMBERING ENLIGHTENMENT: BODH GAYĀ IN THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF THAILAND by Eszter Jakab (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Cultural Heritage Studies: Academic Research, Policy, Management. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader CEU eTD Collection Budapest June 2020 REMEMBERING ENLIGHTENMENT: BODH GAYĀ IN THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF THAILAND by Eszter Jakab (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European -
Gautama Buddha Was Born in Helabima 2
1 2 Gautama Buddha was born in Helabima (Volume II) The English translation of අපඋපන් මේ මෙළ�ම �뷔න් උපන් ජන්�뷊Ǔපය (මෙලන ම ොටස) (This Helabima, where we were born, is Janbudveepa, the birth place of the Lord Buddha) Introduction 3 This is the second volume of the book අප උපන් මේ මෙළ�ම�뷔න් උපන් ජන්�뷊Ǔපය what I published 16 months ago. It is a must to be fulfilled by all of us, as the people who are born in this Helabima and live in this Helabima, to read, analyze and understand the absolute truth highlighted in this book. Every human being is having the mental freedom of speaking the truth, writing about the truth and recording them for the future use. After reading most of the things mentioned in this book, you will experience a total new, different understanding in Dhamma which is not going hand in hand with the opinions what you knew all this times and what you had learnt following the conventional thinking, systems and methodologies. Buddha Dhamma stands for “Penetrating in to Paramartha Dhamma through the traditions”. What you read in books and learnt from someone is the tradition, the conventional thinking. They are nothing but guessings that you have experienced based on what you heard, saw and learnt. You should penetrate in to what you learnt on traditions and based on them you should see the absolute truth. Seeing the absolute truth is limited purely to you yourself. Seeing the absolute truth for you, cannot be done by someone else.