Effects of the American Airlines/Twa Transaction and Other Airline Industry Consolidation on Competition and the Consumer Hearin
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S. HRG. 107–1094 EFFECTS OF THE AMERICAN AIRLINES/TWA TRANSACTION AND OTHER AIRLINE INDUSTRY CONSOLIDATION ON COMPETITION AND THE CONSUMER HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION FEBRUARY 1, 2001 Printed for the use of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 86–771 PDF WASHINGTON : 2004 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 11:12 Dec 01, 2004 Jkt 086771 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 S:\WPSHR\GPO\DOCS\86771.TXT JACK PsN: JACKF SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona, Chairman TED STEVENS, Alaska ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, South Carolina CONRAD BURNS, Montana DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii TRENT LOTT, Mississippi JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER IV, West Virginia KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts OLYMPIA J. SNOWE, Maine JOHN B. BREAUX, Louisiana SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas BYRON L. DORGAN, North Dakota GORDON SMITH, Oregon RON WYDEN, Oregon PETER G. FITZGERALD, Illinois MAX CLELAND, Georgia JOHN ENSIGN, Nevada BARBARA BOXER, California GEORGE ALLEN, Virginia JOHN EDWARDS, North Carolina JEAN CARNAHAN, Missouri MARK BUSE, Republican Staff Director ANN CHOINIERE, Republican General Counsel KEVIN D. KAYES, Democratic Staff Director MOSES BOYD, Democratic Chief Counsel (II) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 11:12 Dec 01, 2004 Jkt 086771 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\WPSHR\GPO\DOCS\86771.TXT JACK PsN: JACKF C O N T E N T S Page Hearing held on February 1, 2001 ......................................................................... 1 Statement of Senator Allen ..................................................................................... 67 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 89 Statement of Senator Boxer .................................................................................... 78 Statement of Senator Carnahan ............................................................................. 83 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 84 Statement of Senator Dorgan ................................................................................. 70 Statement of Senator Fitzgerald ............................................................................ 74 Statement of Senator Hollings ............................................................................... 3 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 3 Statement of Senator Hutchison ............................................................................ 80 Statement of Senator McCain ................................................................................. 1 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 2 Statement of Senator Rockefeller ........................................................................... 88 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 90 Statement of Senator Smith ................................................................................... 63 Statement of Senator Snowe ................................................................................... 85 Statement of Senator Wyden .................................................................................. 65 WITNESSES Bond, Hon. Christopher S., U.S. Senator from Missouri ...................................... 5 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 7 Carty, Donald, Chairman, President, and CEO, American Airlines ................... 17 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 20 Compton, William F., President and CEO, Trans World Airlines ....................... 23 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 26 DeWine, Hon. Mike, U.S. Senator from Ohio ........................................................ 9 Hecker, JayEtta Z., Director, Physical Infrastructure Issues, U.S. General Accounting Office ................................................................................................. 44 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 47 Holden, Hon. Bob, Governor, State of Missouri .................................................... 11 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 13 Johnson, Robert L., Chairman and CEO, DC Air ................................................. 28 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 30 Leonard, Joe, Chairman and CEO, AirTran Airways ........................................... 32 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 33 Levine, Michael E., Adjunct Professor of Law, Harvard Law School .................. 36 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 38 Meeks, Hon. Gregory W., U.S. Representative from New York ........................... 14 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 16 Slaughter, Hon. Louise McIntosh, U.S. Representative from New York ............ 4 APPENDIX Air Line Pilots Association, TWA Master Executive Council, prepared state- ment ...................................................................................................................... 99 Bidwell, Richard, St. Louis Convention and Visitors Commission, prepared statement .............................................................................................................. 105 Brownback, Hon. Sam, U.S. Senator from Kansas, prepared statement ............ 95 Copland, Richard M., President and CEO, American Society of Travel Agents, letter dated February 7, 2001, to Hon. John McCain ....................................... 107 Fleming, Richard C.D., President and CEO, St. Louis Regional Chamber and Growth Association, letter dated January 31, 2001, to John M. Nannes 106 (III) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 11:12 Dec 01, 2004 Jkt 086771 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\WPSHR\GPO\DOCS\86771.TXT JACK PsN: JACKF IV Page Griggs, Jr., Leonard L., Director of Airports—City of St. Louis, MI, prepared statement .............................................................................................................. 104 McCarthy, Karen, U.S. Representative from Missouri, letter dated February 7, 2001, to Hon. John McCain ............................................................................. 96 Reynolds, Hon. Thomas M., Congressman from New York State, prepared statement .............................................................................................................. 97 Santorum, Hon. Rick, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania, prepared statement ... 95 Wytkind, Edward, Executive Director, Transportation Trades Department, AFL–CIO, letter dated February 1, 2001 to Hon. John McCain ...................... 100 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 11:12 Dec 01, 2004 Jkt 086771 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\WPSHR\GPO\DOCS\86771.TXT JACK PsN: JACKF EFFECTS OF THE AMERICAN AIRLINES/TWA TRANSACTION AND OTHER AIRLINE INDUSTRY CONSOLIDATION ON COMPETITION AND THE CONSUMER THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 2001 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION, Washington, DC. The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:32 a.m. in room SR– 253, Russell Senate Office Building, Hon. John McCain, Chairman of the Committee, presiding. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN MCCAIN, U.S. SENATOR FROM ARIZONA The CHAIRMAN. Good morning. Eight months ago, United Airlines announced its intention to merge with US Airways, potentially creating the largest airline in the world. At that time I expressed my strong reservations about the proposal. I was concerned that the proposed transaction would lead to further industry consolidation, which would have a detri- mental effect on competition and in turn the consumer. As a result, this Committee passed a resolution disapproving the United-US Airways merger. Four months ago, the chairmen of the second and third largest airlines in the U.S., American and Delta Airlines respectively, sat in front of this Committee and warned that they would be forced to react to the proposed United-US Airways mergers, if approved, to remain competitive. Today, one of them, American, is here to discuss its proposed actions that would make American comparable in size to United if the currently proposed transactions are ap- proved. This would result in two airlines controlling approximately 50 percent of the U.S. market. It comes as no surprise that current news reports indicate that Delta is involved in negotiations with both Northwest and Conti- nental in order to remain competitive in light of these proposals. The move by Delta could result in three major airlines controlling