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Geology and Structure of the Rough Creek Area, Western Kentucky William D. Johnson Jr. U.S. Geological Survey, Emeritus and Howa

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Geology and Structure of the Rough Creek Area, Western Kentucky William D. Johnson Jr. U.S. Geological Survey, Emeritus and Howa Kentucky Geological Survey James C. Cobb, State Geologist and Director University of Kentucky, Lexington Geology and Structure of the Rough Creek Area, Western Kentucky William D. Johnson Jr. U.S. Geological Survey, Emeritus and Howard R. Schwalb Kentucky Geological Survey and Illinois State Geological Survey, Retired Nomenclature and structure contours do not necessarily conform to current U.S. Geological Survey or Kentucky Geological Survey usage. This work was originally prepared in the late 1990’s and is published here with only editorial improvements. Bulletin 1 Series XII, 2010 Our Mission Our mission is to increase knowledge and understanding of the mineral, energy, and water resources, geologic hazards, and geology of Kentucky for the benefit of the Commonwealth and Nation. © 2006 University of Kentucky Earth Resources—OurFor further information Common contact: Wealth Technology Transfer Officer Kentucky Geological Survey 228 Mining and Mineral Resources Building University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506-0107 www.uky.edu/kgs ISSN 0075-5591 Technical Level Technical Level General Intermediate Technical General Intermediate Technical ISSN 0075-5559 Contents Abstract .........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................7 Geologic Setting.........................................................................................................................................10 Stratigraphy of Unexposed Rocks ..........................................................................................................15 Precambrian Rocks ......................................................................................................................15 Cambrian System .........................................................................................................................16 Lower(?) and Middle Cambrian Rocks ........................................................................16 Upper Cambrian Rocks ..................................................................................................17 Ordovician System .......................................................................................................................20 Canadian Rocks ...............................................................................................................20 Champlainian Rocks .......................................................................................................21 Cincinnatian Rocks .........................................................................................................23 Silurian System .............................................................................................................................25 Alexandrian Rocks ..........................................................................................................25 Niagaran Rocks ...............................................................................................................26 Cayugan Rocks ................................................................................................................28 Devonian System .........................................................................................................................28 Lower Devonian Rocks ..................................................................................................28 Middle Devonian Rocks .................................................................................................30 Upper Devonian Rocks ..................................................................................................31 Mississippian System ..................................................................................................................33 Kinderhookian Rocks .....................................................................................................34 Osagean Rocks ................................................................................................................37 Stratigraphy of Exposed Rocks ...............................................................................................................37 Mississippian System ..................................................................................................................37 Osagean Rocks ................................................................................................................37 Fort Payne Formation ........................................................................................37 Meramecian Rocks ..........................................................................................................38 Warsaw Limestone .........................................................................................................38 Salem Limestone ................................................................................................39 St. Louis Limestone ...........................................................................................40 Ste. Genevieve Limestone .................................................................................40 Chesterian Rocks .............................................................................................................43 Lower Chesterian Rocks ................................................................................................45 Paoli (Renault) Limestone ................................................................................45 Mooretown Formation (Bethel Sandstone) ....................................................45 Beaver Bend Limestone (Lower Part, Paint Creek Shale) ............................46 Sample Sandstone (Middle Part, Paint Creek Shale) ....................................47 Reelsville Limestone (Upper Part, Paint Creek Shale) .................................47 Paint Creek Shale ...............................................................................................48 Elwren Formation (Cypress Sandstone) .........................................................48 Contents (Continued) Golconda Formation ..........................................................................................48 Beech Creek Limestone Member ........................................................48 Big Clifty Sandstone Member (Fraileys Shale Member) .................49 Haney Limestone Member ..................................................................49 Hardinsburg Sandstone ....................................................................................50 Glen Dean Limestone ........................................................................................50 Tar Springs Sandstone ......................................................................................51 Upper Chesterian Rocks ................................................................................................52 Buffalo Wallow Formation ...............................................................................52 Vienna Limestone Member .................................................................52 Waltersburg Sandstone Member ........................................................53 Menard Limestone Member ................................................................53 Palestine Sandstone Member ..............................................................54 Clore Limestone Member ....................................................................54 Degonia Sandstone Member ...............................................................54 Kinkaid Limestone Member................................................................54 Pennsylvanian System.................................................................................................................56 Caseyville Formation......................................................................................................59 Tradewater Formation ...................................................................................................62 Carbondale Formation ...................................................................................................64 Sturgis Formation ...........................................................................................................66 Permian System ............................................................................................................................71 Mauzy Formation ...........................................................................................................71 Tertiary and Quaternary Deposits.............................................................................................72 Pliocene and Pleistocene Gravel Deposits...................................................................73 Pleistocene Deposits .......................................................................................................73 Glacial Outwash .................................................................................................73 Dune Sand ...........................................................................................................74 Lacustrine Deposits ...........................................................................................74 Fluvial Deposits .................................................................................................75
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