OSP17: Preservation of the Built Environment 1970-1999 (PDF, 0.67
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Manchester's Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange
Article for Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society Manchester’s Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange Richard Brook, Manchester School of Architecture Martin Dodge, Department of Geography, University of Manchester Introduction Deep under the heart of Manchester city centre lies a large network of reinforced concrete tunnels known as the Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange (GUTE). It is an ageing relic from the beginning of the Cold War era, built with some degree of secrecy in the mid 1950s, but it still operates silently and largely unmanned as an infrastructural space facilitating the communications of those above. Surprisingly little information regarding the GUTE is readily accessible and the subterranean nature of the structure itself acts to entomb the reality of its shape and scale. A lack of concrete information has allowed facts to be supplanted by myths, fostering numerous (mis)perceptions of the same intangible space. The GUTE was conceived during a time of escalating international tensions in the early 1950s as a ‘hardened’ bunker to protect vital national communication links in the event of an atomic bomb attack upon Manchester. However, this defining characteristic of subterranean defence was never achieved because, even before construction was complete in 1958, advances in nuclear weapons yield and the accuracy of intercontinental ballistic missiles meant the tunnel design would be ineffective for protection of the telecommunications machinery and personnel working within. The bombproof tunnels -
The Epidemiology and Prevention of Paraquat Poisoning Lesley J
Human Toxicol. (1987), 6, 19-29 The Epidemiology and Prevention of Paraquat Poisoning Lesley J. Onyon and Glyn N. Volans National Poisons Information Service, The Poisons Unit, Guy's Hospira!, London SEl 9RT 1 Jn the UK there was an increase in the annual number of deaths associated with paraquat poisoning between 1966 and 1975. Since that time there has been little change in numbers. 2 High mortality is associated commonly with suicidal intent. Serious accidental poisoning from paraquat has never been frequent in the UK and there have been no deaths reported in children since 1977. 3 The National Poisons Information Service has monitored in detail all reports of paraquat poisoning since 1980. Of the 1074 cases recorded there were 209 deaths. In recent years serious poisoning has been more commonly associated with ingestion of concentrated products by males. Local exposure to paraquat has not resulted in systemic poisoning. 4 International data for paraquat poisoning is incomplete and difficult to compare. There is a scarcity of morbidity data at both international and national levels. Information obtained from Poison Control Centres indicates that paraquat poisoning occurs in many countries but detailed comparisons are hindered by lack of standardised methods of recording. 5 Various measures to prevent paraquat poisoning have been introduced. Their effectiveness has not been studied in detail. Some support is provided by the low incidence of serious accidental paraquat poisoning in the UK, but because of the suicidal nature of paraquat poisoning it is unlikely that current preventative measures will influence the number of deaths occurring each year. -
1.0 Curriculum Vitae
1.0 CURRICULUM VITAE 1.1 I am the Managing Director of The Hampden Consultancy (which is the trading name of THC Consulting Engineers Limited) since 1993. 1.2 I am a corporate member of the Institute of Healthcare Engineering and Estate Management (IHEEM) and am permitted to use the title ‘Engineering Technician’ under the registration with the Engineering Council. 1.3 I am also an Associate Member of the CIBSE and am registered on the UK Register of Expert Witnesses. 1.4 Before becoming the Managing Director of The Hampden Consultancy in 1993, I had been employed by several engineering services consultancies and main contractors over a period of twenty-five years, principally working on major construction projects located both in the Middle East and within the United Kingdom. 1.5 Throughout my professional career, I have had extensive involvement in the design and specification of mechanical engineering services on a wide range of major commercial and healthcare projects. 1.6 During this period my duties have included the preparation of contract documentation to be appended to the specifications & drawings prepared for specific projects, so as to provide a complete set of documentation for use by contractors in the preparation of their tenders. 1.7 My core discipline is mechanical engineering services, i.e. heating, mechanical ventilation (including specialised ventilation for healthcare premises), air-conditioning & chilled water services, domestic hot & cold water services, building management systems & automatic controls, as well as the specification & application of thermal insulation to pipework systems and the fire stopping of mechanical & electrical engineering services where they pass through the building structure. -
LAND REGISTRATION for the TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY a Conveyancing Revolution
LAND REGISTRATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY A Conveyancing Revolution LAND REGISTRATION BILL AND COMMENTARY Laid before Parliament by the Lord High Chancellor pursuant to section 3(2) of the Law Commissions Act 1965 Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 9 July 2001 LAW COMMISSION H M LAND REGISTRY LAW COM NO 271 LONDON: The Stationery Office HC 114 The Law Commission was set up by section 1 of the Law Commissions Act 1965 for the purpose of promoting the reform of the law. THE COMMISSIONERS ARE: The Honourable Mr Justice Carnwath CVO, Chairman Professor Hugh Beale Mr Stuart Bridge· Professor Martin Partington Judge Alan Wilkie QC The Secretary of the Law Commission is Mr Michael Sayers Her Majesty’s Land Registry, a separate department of government and now an Executive Agency, maintains the land registers for England and Wales and is responsible for delivering all land registration services under the Land Registration Act 1925. The Chief Land Registrar and Chief Executive is Mr Peter Collis The Solicitor to H M Land Registry is Mr Christopher West The terms of this report were agreed on 31 May 2001. The text of this report is available on the Internet at: http://www.lawcom.gov.uk · Mr Stuart Bridge was appointed Law Commissioner with effect from 2 July 2001. The terms of this report were agreed on 31 May 2001, while Mr Charles Harpum was a Law Commissioner. ii LAW COMMISSION HM LAND REGISTRY LAND REGISTRATION FOR THE TWENTY- FIRST CENTURY A Conveyancing Revolution CONTENTS Paragraph Page PART I: THE LAND REGISTRATION BILL AND -
Supplement to the London Gazette, 3Rd November 1992
18434 SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 3RD NOVEMBER 1992 WELBOURN, Cyril, Mess Hand. FORD, David Strachan, Painter, Edinburgh. WOOD, Hamish Doig Dalrymple, Instructional FORD, Raymond Anthony, CAW B, Bristol. Officer I. GENTRY, Robert George, EPOII, Leeds. WOODWARD, Miss Esther Margaret, Typist. GREEN, Raymond Bernard, Craft Aux B, Leeds. YORK, Kenneth William, Assistant Yard Foreman. HATHAWAY, Leslie Reginald, Administrative Officer, London. Department of Employment HOUGH, Arthur Brian, Storeman, Bristol. JACKSON, Donald, Chargehand M&E, Bristol. WATTS, Mrs Bridget Joyce, Administrative Officer. JEWELL, Francis Henry Sach, Assistant Craftsman, Bristol. Home Office JONES, Ronald William, Painter, Bristol. JOPE, Reginald Gerald, CAW B, Bristol. CADE, Colin Vincent, Principal Officer, HM Young LEAT, David John, Driver MT, Bristol. Offender Institution, Portland. LOWE, William, Chargehand Plumber, Edinburgh. FATTHFULL, John, Officer Dog Handler, HM Prison, LUCKHAM, Derek Donald, CAW, Bristol. Bristol. MOODY, Gerald Leslie, AEW B, Bristol. GOWANLOCK, John, Principal Hospital Officer, HM MORRIS, Ronald Patrick, Drainman, Bristol. Prison, Birmingham. MYLES, Barry Albert, Painter, Bristol. HAYES, Bryan, Principal Officer, HM Young Offender PEACHEY, Robert, Driver, Bristol. Institute, Deerbolt. PHILPIN, Terence William, Messenger, Bristol. HOGSTON, Alan Derrick, Senior Officer, HM Prison, PIETRU, Mrs. Jean Marie, Administrative Officer, Belmarsh. London. SMETHURST, John Andrew, Principal Officer, HM PORTLOCK, Percival Terence, CAW B, Bristol. Prison, Oxford. REDCLIFT, Norman Frank, Chargehand, B&CE, STEVENS, Miss Marion Dorothy, Typist, HM Prison, Bristol. Dorchester. ROBINSON, Mrs. Maureen Ellen, SM3, London. STUBBS, Joseph William, Principal Hospital Officer, Ross, Robert Stewart, Driver, Edinburgh. HM Prison, Preston. SMITH, Frederick, CAW B, Bristol. WATCHMAN, Derrick, Storeman, HM Prison, SMITH, Norman, Driver MT, Bristol. Durham. SOUSTER, Ian Henry, Messenger, Bristol. -
Scottish Stop and Search Powers Genevieve Lennon*
Searching for change: Scottish stop and search powers Genevieve Lennon* A. INTRODUCTION B. SCOTTISH STOP AND SEARCH POWERS (1) Suspicion-based statutory powers (2) Suspicionless statutory powers (3) Non-statutory powers C. COMPATIBILITY WITH THE ECHR (1) Suspicionless statutory powers (2) Suspicion-based statutory powers (3) Non-statutory powers D. CONCLUSION A. INTRODUCTION In numerous countries, stop and search powers are an open sore upon police-community relations, one which is increasingly being challenged through the courts. In the USA, the discriminatory practices associated with stop and search powers led to the coining of terms such as “driving while black” (more recently joined by “flying while brown”). In 2013, the District Court for the Southern District of New York held, inter alia, that the City of New York was liable for their indifference towards the New York City Police Department’s widespread practice of stop and frisk which violated the fourth and fourteenth amendments of the Constitution.1 In England stop and search practices were a commonly cited factor in the * Chancellor’s Fellow, University of Strathclyde. I am grateful to Dr Claire McDiarmid and Prof Kenneth Norrie for their insights regarding children’s capacity to consent and to the anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments. The usual caveats apply. 1 Floyd et al v the City of New York et al 959 F Supp 5d 540 (2013). 1 Tottenham riots, and a stop, search, and arrest power was the catalyst for the Brixton riots.2 Since 2010, stop and search has come before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in two cases, one from the Netherlands, the other from the UK.3 Other examples can be found across the globe.4 By contrast, until very recently stop and search was a non-issue in Scotland. -
(HC 595 1993/94): Control of Prison Building Projects
NATIONAL AUDIT OFFICE REPORTBY THE COMPTROLLERAND AUDITOR GENERAL Control of Prison Building Projects ORDEREDBY THE HOUSE OF COMMONS TO BE PRINTED 14 JULY 1994 LONDON : HMSO 595 Ea.95 NET CONTROL OF PRISON BUILDING PROTECTS This report has been prepared under Section 6 of the National Audit Act 1983 for presentation to the House of Commons in accordance with Section 9 of the Act. John Bourn National Audit Office Comptroller and Auditor General 8 July 1994 The Comptroller and Auditor General is the head of the National Audit Office employing some 800 staff. He, and the NAO, are totally independent of Government. He certifies the accounts of all Government departments and a wide range of other public sector bodies: and he has statutory authorityto reportto Parliamenton the economy, efficiency and effectiveness with which departments and other bodies have used their resources. CONTROL OF PRISON BUILDING PROJECTS Contents Page Summary and conclusions 1 Part 1: Introduction 7 Part 2: New prison projects 12 Part 3: Projects at existing establishments 30 Appendices 1 Holme House 40 z Woodhill Prison 41 3 Lancaster Farms 42 4 Doncaster 43 5 Wormwood Scrubs 44 6 Manchester Prison 45 7 Parkhurst 47 8 Dartmoor redevelopment 48 CONTROL OF PRISON BUILDING PROTECTS Summary and conclusions 1 In 1980 the Prison Service embarked on a major prison building and modernisation programme: the greatest concerted effort to improve conditions and provide accommodation since the Victorian period. Twenty- one new prisons have since been built, providing 11,000 places at a cost of some El.2 billion. Moreover there has been extensive re-development and refurbishment work providing 7,500 additional new places at existing prisons and an increase in 24 hour access to sanitation from 46 per cent in 1981 to 90 per cent in February 1994. -
THE USE of DAIRY MANURE COMPOST for SUSTAINABLE MAIZE (Zea Mays L.) PRODUCTION
THE USE OF DAIRY MANURE COMPOST FOR SUSTAINABLE MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION Vânia Cabüs de Toledo Thesis submitted to the University of London in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Wye College University of London September 1996 7 BIBL\ t Lc4oI() Abstract Intensive production systems for maize (Zea mays L.) based on the use of inorganic fertilisers are expensive and unsustainable, as their production is dependent on fossil fuels. Additionally, inorganic fertilisers are unable to maintain soil fertility over the long-term, and are related to environmental problems such as soil erosion and nitrate pollution of the ground water table. Moreover, high cost agrochemicals are either unavailable or too costly for small farmers in tropical countries, where maize is usually grown as a subsistence crop. This research project examined the use of compost derived from dairy manure and cereal straw, renewable resources available on the farm, as an organic fertiliser for a sustainable maize production system. The effects of this compost on soil and plant nutrient content, and on maize and weed growth were studied, examining the various soil-plant interactions. The relevant literature was reviewed, comparing different production systems, and examining aspects of maize production, nutrient recycling and the effects and interactions of compost in the soil-plant system. Field and glasshouse experiments were carried out from 1993 to 1995 on Wye College Estate, UK, comparing the use of dairy manure compost and inorganic fertiliser in forage maize production. Soil chemical (nutrient content) and biological (microbial biomass and activity) aspects were analysed at several stages of maize development. -
Property Services Agency: Management Controls in District Works Offices
Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General NATIONAL AUDIT EICE Property Services Agency: Management Controls in District Works Offices Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 14 February 1990 London: HMSO ~E6.00 net 220 PROPERTY SERVICES AGENCY: MANAGEMENT CONTROLS IN DISTRICT WORKS OFFICES This report has been prepared under Section 6 of the National Audit Act, 1983 for presentation to the House of Commons in accordance with Section 9 of the Act. John Bourn Comptroller and Auditor General National Audit Office 13 February 1990 The Comptroller and Auditor General is the head of the National Audit Office employing some 900 staff. He, and the NAO, are totally independent of Government. He certifies the accounts of all Government departments and a wide range of other public sector bodies; and he has statutory authority to report to Parliament on the economy, efficiency and effectiveness with which departments and other bodies use their resources. PROPERTY SERVlCES AGENCY: MANAGEMENT CONTROLS IN DISTRICT WORKS OFFICES Contents Pages Summary and conclusions 1 Part 1: Introduction 6 Part 2: Control environment 10 Part 3: The application of specific checks 14 Part 4: Fraud and irregularity 18 Part 5: Controls over District Works Offices’ own resources 25 Appendices 1. Main types of contract used at District Works Offices 29 2. Risk analysis by the National Audit Office of District Works Office expenditure areas 31 3. District management reviews: Assessment of performance 33 4. Summary of the further progress on serious cases of alleged fraud or irregularity which arose up to the end of 1984 34 5. -
R&D Project 291 Riparian and Instream Species-Habitat
Draft Project Report R&D Project 291 Riparian and Instream Species-Habitat Relationships University of Leicester September 1992 R&D 291/3/W ENVIRONMENT AGENCY Authors L.E. Parkyn D.M. Harper C.D. Smith Publisher National Rivers Authority Rivers House Waterside Drive Aztec West Almondsbury Bristol BS12 4UD Tel : 0454 624400 Fax : 0454 624409 © National Rivers Authority 1992 Project details NRA R&D Project 291 Project Leader: R. Howell, Welsh Region Contractor : University of Leicester CONTENTS ~ Page FOREWORD . ^ . - - ix SUMMARY xi RECOMMENDATIONS xiii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Statutory background 1 1.2 Scientific background 2 1.3 Outputs 4 2. RIPARIAN AND FLOODPLAIN HABITATS 5 2.1 Plant communities 5 2.1.1 Introduction 5 2.1.2 Riparian 5 2.1.3 Lotic 8 2.1.4 Lentic 8 2.2 Animal communities 9 2.2.1 Woody vegetation 9 2.2.2 Herbaceous vegetation 10 2.2.3 Litter and woody debris 11 2~2.5' Bare substrata 12 2.2.6 Lentic 13 3. INSTREAM HABITATS 15 3.1 Fish 15 3.1.1 Instream Flow Incremental Methodology 15 3.1.2 Habitat assessment and scoring systems 18 3.2 Aquatic invertebrates 19 3.2.1 Context 19 3.2.2 Background 21 3.2.3 Particulate substrata 25 3.2.4 Aquatic macrophytes 27 3.2.6 Woody debris 34 3.2.7 Tree roots / undercut hanks 35 3.2.8 Exposed rock 35 3.2.9 Unclassified habitat features 36 3.2.10 Habitat list 36 Page 4. FISH 37 4.1 Background 37 4.2 Trout CSalmo trutta and Oncorhynchus mykiss) 37 4.2.1 Habitat summary 37 4.2.2 Introduction 39 4.2.3 General character of trout streams 39 4.2.4 Life history 39 4.2.5 Spawning 39 4.2.6 Diet 40 -
Historic England
Annex E – Historic England Introduction This Annex is supplemental to Part 1 of Planning Inspectorate Advice Note 11. Part 1 covers many of the points of interaction relevant to the Planning Inspectorate and Historic England. However, there are some specific points that have not been addressed or which require clarification that are considered in this Annex. This Annex will be kept under review so as to ensure that it remains relevant and up to date, for example because of future organisational or legislative changes affecting Historic England and/or the Planning Inspectorate. One of the purposes of this Annex is to provide advice to applicants in order to improve engagement between applicants and Historic England. The Planning Inspectorate and Historic England encourage direct engagement between applicants and Historic England at a sufficiently early point at the pre-application stage. Historic England’s Statutory Role Historic England is the Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England, established by the National Heritage Act 1983. It seeks to broaden public access to England’s cultural heritage, increase people's understanding and appreciation of the past, and conserve and enhance the historic environment. This includes all aspects of the environment resulting from the interaction between people and places through time, including all surviving physical remains of past human activity, whether visible, buried or submerged, and landscaped and planted or managed flora. It has specific duties under the 1983 Act1 to: (a) secure -
Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
Thursday Volume 530 30 June 2011 No. 180 HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) Thursday 30 June 2011 £5·00 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2011 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Parliamentary Click-Use Licence, available online through The National Archives website at www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/information-management/our-services/parliamentary-licence-information.htm Enquiries to The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU; e-mail: [email protected] 1083 30 JUNE 2011 1084 Mrs Spelman: My hon. Friend is right, and I remember House of Commons that extremely good initiative. We want to encourage not only parliamentarians but all individuals, and schools Thursday 30 June 2011 and places of work, to plant more trees. We aim to plant 1 million new trees within this parliamentary Session. I will certainly look at the parliamentary scheme as an The House met at half-past Ten o’clock opportunity to remind colleagues how important it is that we do our bit. PRAYERS Mr Barry Sheerman (Huddersfield) (Lab/Co-op): I supported John Major’s initiative, which was very good, [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] and sponsored two trees in memory of my parents. If we care about our forests and woods, we must ensure that the next generation visits, enjoys and learns about them. The number of out-of-school visits is collapsing Oral Answers to Questions and we must do something about it. Will the Secretary of State join the initiative of the John Clare Trust, which I chair, in launching the “Every child’s right to ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS the countryside” campaign, and give it a bit of support? Mrs Spelman: The hon.