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Shell Microstructures in Early Cambrian Molluscs
Shell microstructures in Early Cambrian molluscs ARTEM KOUCHINSKY Kouchinsky, A. 2000. Shell microstructures in Early Cambrian molluscs. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45,2, 119-150. The affinities of a considerable part of the earliest skeletal fossils are problematical, but investigation of their microstructures may be useful for understanding biomineralization mechanisms in early metazoans and helpful for their taxonomy. The skeletons of Early Cambrian mollusc-like organisms increased by marginal secretion of new growth lamel- lae or sclerites, the recognized basal elements of which were fibers of apparently aragon- ite. The juvenile part of some composite shells consisted of needle-like sclerites; the adult part was built of hollow leaf-like sclerites. A layer of mineralized prism-like units (low aragonitic prisms or flattened spherulites) surrounded by an organic matrix possibly existed in most of the shells with continuous walls. The distribution of initial points of the prism-like units on a periostracurn-like sheet and their growth rate were mostly regular. The units may be replicated on the surface of internal molds as shallow concave poly- gons, which may contain a more or less well-expressed tubercle in their center. Tubercles are often not enclosed in concave polygons and may co-occur with other types of tex- tures. Convex polygons seem to have resulted from decalcification of prism-like units. They do not co-occur with tubercles. The latter are interpreted as casts of pore channels in the wall possibly playing a role in biomineralization or pits serving as attachment sites of groups of mantle cells. Casts of fibers and/or lamellar units may overlap a polygonal tex- ture or occur without it. -
Um Éon De História Dos Bivalvia: Ideias Sobre a Sua Origem, Filogenia E Importância Paleontológica E Educativa
Um Éon de história dos Bivalvia: ideias sobre a sua origem, filogenia e importância paleontológica e educativa Ricardo J. Pimentel1, Pedro M. Callapez2 & Paulo Legoinha3 1 Agrupamento de Escolas de Guia, P-3105 075 Guia, Pombal, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Universidade de Coimbra, CITEUC - Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço da Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Polo II, Rua Sílvio Lima, P-3030 790 Coimbra, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, GEOBIOTEC - GeoBiociências, Geotecnologias e Geoengenharias, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Quinta da Torre, P-2829 516 Caparica, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected] Resumo: A Classe Bivalvia, cuja monofilia se encontra bem suportada por estudos recentes, destaca-se como o segundo taxon, em termos de biodiversidade, do Filo Mollusca. O registo da sua história evolutiva remonta ao Fortuniano (Câmbrico). Diversos dados paleontológicos fundamentados no registo fóssil sugerem que os bivalves atuais são, sobretudo, herdeiros de carateres morfológicos e requisitos ecológicos transmitidos por linhagens da transição devónico-carbonífera. Estes invertebrados habitam a maioria dos ambientes aquáticos atuais e constituem um dos principais grupos de animais invertebrados da biosfera atual, são herdeiros de uma longa história evolutiva e ecológica que é intrínseca à própria história biótica dos oceanos durante o Fanerozoico. São um exemplo de sucesso entre as comunidades bióticas e a sua abundância, diversidade e acessibilidade propiciam a sua utilização como recursos educativos em Ciências Naturais. Palavras-chave: Bivalvia, Educação científica, Filogenia, Mollusca, Registo fóssil. -
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 23 May 2017 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Betts, Marissa J. and Paterson, John R. and Jago, James B. and Jacquet, Sarah M. and Skovsted, Christian B. and Topper, Timothy P. and Brock, Glenn A. (2017) 'Global correlation of the early Cambrian of South Australia : shelly fauna of the Dailyatia odyssei Zone.', Gondwana research., 46 . pp. 240-279. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.02.007 Publisher's copyright statement: c 2017 This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Accepted Manuscript Global correlation of the early Cambrian of South Australia: Shelly fauna of the Dailyatia odyssei Zone Marissa J. -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 53, NUMBER 6 CAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY No. 6.-0LENELLUS AND OTHER GENERA OF THE MESONACID/E With Twenty-Two Plates CHARLES D. WALCOTT (Publication 1934) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION AUGUST 12, 1910 Zl^i £orb (gaitimovt (pnee BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. CAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY No. 6.—OLENELLUS AND OTHER GENERA OF THE MESONACID^ By CHARLES D. WALCOTT (With Twenty-Two Plates) CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 233 Future work 234 Acknowledgments 234 Order Opisthoparia Beecher 235 Family Mesonacidas Walcott 236 Observations—Development 236 Cephalon 236 Eye 239 Facial sutures 242 Anterior glabellar lobe 242 Hypostoma 243 Thorax 244 Nevadia stage 244 Mesonacis stage 244 Elliptocephala stage 244 Holmia stage 244 Piedeumias stage 245 Olenellus stage 245 Peachella 245 Olenelloides ; 245 Pygidium 245 Delimitation of genera 246 Nevadia 246 Mesonacis 246 Elliptocephala 247 Callavia 247 Holmia 247 Wanneria 248 P.'edeumias 248 Olenellus 248 Peachella 248 Olenelloides 248 Development of Mesonacidas 249 Mesonacidas and Paradoxinas 250 Stratigraphic position of the genera and species 250 Abrupt appearance of the Mesonacidse 252 Geographic distribution 252 Transition from the Mesonacidse to the Paradoxinse 253 Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 53, No. 6 232 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 53 Description of genera and species 256 Nevadia, new genus 256 weeksi, new species 257 Mcsonacis Walcott 261 niickwitzi (Schmidt) 262 torelli (Moberg) 264 vermontana -
TREATISE ONLINE Number 48
TREATISE ONLINE Number 48 Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 31: Illustrated Glossary of the Bivalvia Joseph G. Carter, Peter J. Harries, Nikolaus Malchus, André F. Sartori, Laurie C. Anderson, Rüdiger Bieler, Arthur E. Bogan, Eugene V. Coan, John C. W. Cope, Simon M. Cragg, José R. García-March, Jørgen Hylleberg, Patricia Kelley, Karl Kleemann, Jiří Kříž, Christopher McRoberts, Paula M. Mikkelsen, John Pojeta, Jr., Peter W. Skelton, Ilya Tëmkin, Thomas Yancey, and Alexandra Zieritz 2012 Lawrence, Kansas, USA ISSN 2153-4012 (online) paleo.ku.edu/treatiseonline PART N, REVISED, VOLUME 1, CHAPTER 31: ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY OF THE BIVALVIA JOSEPH G. CARTER,1 PETER J. HARRIES,2 NIKOLAUS MALCHUS,3 ANDRÉ F. SARTORI,4 LAURIE C. ANDERSON,5 RÜDIGER BIELER,6 ARTHUR E. BOGAN,7 EUGENE V. COAN,8 JOHN C. W. COPE,9 SIMON M. CRAgg,10 JOSÉ R. GARCÍA-MARCH,11 JØRGEN HYLLEBERG,12 PATRICIA KELLEY,13 KARL KLEEMAnn,14 JIřÍ KřÍž,15 CHRISTOPHER MCROBERTS,16 PAULA M. MIKKELSEN,17 JOHN POJETA, JR.,18 PETER W. SKELTON,19 ILYA TËMKIN,20 THOMAS YAncEY,21 and ALEXANDRA ZIERITZ22 [1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, [email protected]; 2University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, [email protected], [email protected]; 3Institut Català de Paleontologia (ICP), Catalunya, Spain, [email protected], [email protected]; 4Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 5South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, [email protected]; 6Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 7North -
The Yellowstone Paleontological Survey
E PALEONT ON O T LO S G W I O C L A L L E National Y Park The Yellowstone Service Department of the Interior Paleontological Survey SURVEY Vincent L. Santucci Yellowstone Center for Resources National Park Service Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming YCR-NR-98-1 1998 How to cite this document: Santucci, V. L. 1998. The Yellowstone Paleontological Survey. Yellowstone Center for Resources, National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming,YCR-NR-98-1. Current address for Vincent L. Santucci is National Park Service, P.O. Box 592, Kemmerer, WY 83101. The Yellowstone Paleontological Survey To Lt. Col. Luke J. Barnett, III “Uncle by blood, brother in spirit!” Vincent L. Santucci Yellowstone Center for Resources National Park Service Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming YCR-NR-98-1 1998 Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 Stratigraphy .................................................................................................... 4 Fossil Chronology........................................................................................... 6 Taxonomy ..................................................................................................... 12 Localities ...................................................................................................... 15 Interpretation ................................................................................................ 19 Paleontological Resource Management....................................................... -
Research Article the Continuing Debate on Deep Molluscan Phylogeny: Evidence for Serialia (Mollusca, Monoplacophora + Polyplacophora)
Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2013, Article ID 407072, 18 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/407072 Research Article The Continuing Debate on Deep Molluscan Phylogeny: Evidence for Serialia (Mollusca, Monoplacophora + Polyplacophora) I. Stöger,1,2 J. D. Sigwart,3 Y. Kano,4 T. Knebelsberger,5 B. A. Marshall,6 E. Schwabe,1,2 and M. Schrödl1,2 1 SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munchhausenstraße¨ 21, 81247 Munich, Germany 2 Faculty of Biology, Department II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat¨ Munchen,¨ Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany 3 Queen’s University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Marine Laboratory, 12-13 The Strand, Portaferry BT22 1PF, UK 4 Department of Marine Ecosystems Dynamics, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan 5 Senckenberg Research Institute, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Sudstrand¨ 44, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany 6 Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, P.O. Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand Correspondence should be addressed to M. Schrodl;¨ [email protected] Received 1 March 2013; Revised 8 August 2013; Accepted 23 August 2013 Academic Editor: Dietmar Quandt Copyright © 2013 I. Stoger¨ et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Molluscs are a diverse animal phylum with a formidable fossil record. Although there is little doubt about the monophyly of the eight extant classes, relationships between these groups are controversial. We analysed a comprehensive multilocus molecular data set for molluscs, the first to include multiple species from all classes, including five monoplacophorans in both extant families. -
Mollusksmollusks the Paleontological Society Http:\\Paleosoc.Org
MollusksMollusks The Paleontological Society http:\\paleosoc.org Mollusks The concept Mollusca brings together a great deal of cept Mollusca is unified by anatomical similarities, by information about animals that at first glance appear to be embryological similarities, and by evidence from fossils radically different from one another—snails, slugs, of the evolutionary history of the species placed within mussels, clams, oysters, octopuses, squids, and others. the phylum; all this information indicates a common The diversity of the phylum is shown by at least eight ancestry for the groups placed in the phylum. known classes (cover). Estimates of the number of species alive today range from 50,000 to 130,000. Most Most mollusks are free-living multicellular animals that of the shells found on the beaches of the modem world have a multilayered calcareous shell or conch on their belong to mollusks and mollusks are probably the most backs. This exoskeleton provides support for the soft abundant invertebrate animals in modern oceans. organs including a muscular foot and the organs of digestion, respiration, excretion, reproduction, and others. Living mollusks range in size from microscopic snails Around all of the soft parts is a space called the mantle and clams to almost 60 foot long (18 meters) squids. cavity, which is open to the outside. The mantle cavity is They live in most marine and freshwater environments, a passageway for incoming feeding and respiratory and some snails and slugs live on land. In the sea, mol- currents, and an exit for the discharge of wastes. The lusks range from the intertidal zone to the deepest ocean outer wall of the mantle cavity is a thin flap of tissue basins and they may be bottom-dwelling, swimming, or called the mantle, which secretes the shell. -
Shell Microstructures in Early Mollusks
Vol. XLII(4): 2010 THE FESTIVUS Page 43 SHELL MICROSTRUCTURES IN EARLY MOLLUSKS MICHAEL J. VENDRASCO1*, SUSANNAH M. PORTER1, ARTEM V. KOUCHINSKY2, GUOXIANG LI3, and CHRISTINE Z. FERNANDEZ4 1Institute for Crustal Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA 2Department of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden 3LPS, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China, 414601 Madris Ave., Norwalk, CA 90650, USA Abstract: Shell microstructures in some of the oldest known mollusk fossils (from the early to middle Cambrian Period; 542 to 510 million years ago) are diverse, strong, and in some cases unusual. We herein review our recent work focused on different aspects of shell microstructures in Cambrian mollusks, briefly summarizing some of the major conclusions from a few of our recent publications and adding some new analysis. Overall, the data suggest that: (1) mollusks rapidly evolved disparate shell microstructures; (2) early mollusks had a complex shell with a different type of shell microstructure in the outer layer than in the inner one; (3) the modern molluscan biomineralization system, with precise control over crystal shapes and arrangements in a mantle cavity bounded by periostracum, was already in place during the Cambrian; (4) shell microstructure data provide a suite of characters useful in phylogenetic analyses of mollusks and mollusk-like Problematica, allowing better determination -
Terreneuvian Stratigraphy and Faunas from the Anabar Uplift, Siberia
Terreneuvian stratigraphy and faunas from the Anabar Uplift, Siberia ARTEM KOUCHINSKY, STEFAN BENGTSON, ED LANDING, MICHAEL STEINER, MICHAEL VENDRASCO, and KAREN ZIEGLER Kouchinsky, A., Bengtson, S., Landing, E., Steiner, M., Vendrasco, M., and Ziegler, K. 2017. Terreneuvian stratigraphy and faunas from the Anabar Uplift, Siberia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (2): 311‒440. Assemblages of mineralized skeletal fossils are described from limestone rocks of the lower Cambrian Nemakit-Daldyn, Medvezhya, Kugda-Yuryakh, Manykay, and lower Emyaksin formations exposed on the western and eastern flanks of the Anabar Uplift of the northern Siberian Platform. The skeletal fossil assemblages consist mainly of anabaritids, molluscs, and hyoliths, and also contain other taxa such as Blastulospongia, Chancelloria, Fomitchella, Hyolithellus, Platysolenites, Protohertzina, and Tianzhushanella. The first tianzhushanellids from Siberia, including Tianzhushanella tolli sp. nov., are described. The morphological variation of Protohertzina anabarica and Anabarites trisulcatus from their type locality is documented. Prominent longitudinal keels in the anabaritid Selindeochrea tripartita are demon- strated. Among the earliest molluscs from the Nemakit-Daldyn Formation, Purella and Yunnanopleura are interpreted as shelly parts of the same species. Fibrous microstructure of the outer layer and a wrinkled inner layer of mineralised cuticle in the organophosphatic sclerites of Fomitchella are reported. A siliceous composition of the globular fossil Blastulospongia -
ANNUAL REPORT FY18 Y an S the Histor D Systems O Rpret F the Inte Ear Nd Th , a and Rch It Ea S L Es Ife R
EXPLORE DISCOVER EDUCATE PALEONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTION ANNUAL REPORT FY18 unded in 1932, the P Fo aleon . tolo arth gic e E al R th es of ea ip rc h h s In rd s a ti ew tu st t e io is n p w u e r g s a u r e u s o a c n n d e i d n n t a e , g y r t a e t i e c s o e s d e u t c a a c t u i o d n e , a e n g d d e r l e s w e o a n r c k h e , s a a n e r d c i n n i t e o t r p s i r e t m s i a t h r e u h O i . s t e f o i r l y s t a i n d d n s a y s h t t e r m a s E o e f h t Annual Report FISCAL YEAR 2018 Table of Contents Cornell Affiliations 1 Director’s & President’s Message 2 Collections 6 Research 8 Publications 10 Outreach 12 Education Museum of the Earth 20 Cayuga Nature Center 24 Smith Woods 30 Trustees & Staff 32 People Interns & Work-Study 33 Volunteers 34 Donors 36 Appendix Research Reports 39 Financial 40 Venues 41 Cornell University Affiliations Since signing a formal affiliation agreement in 2004 the PRI’s Director, Warren D. -
Yellowstone Paleontological Survey
Yellowstone Paleontological Survey Introduction Stratigraphy Fossil Chronology Taxonomy Localities Vincent L. Santucci Interpretation Paleontological Resource Management Research Collections and Curation Paleontological Resources Near Yellowstone [email protected] Bibliography Yellowstone Center for Resources Appendix A: Yellowstone Paleontological Survey Proposal National Park Service Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Appendix B: Yellowstone Paleo-Species List YCR-NR-98-1 1998 Appendix C: RMP Paleontological Project Statements Appendix D: Paleontology Researchers at Yellowstone Appendix E: Fossil Specimens in Park Collections Appendix F: Yellowstone Fossils in Outside Repositories Appendix G: GIS Stratigraphy Maps http://www2.nature.nps.gov/geology/paleontology/surveys/yell_survey/index.htm[5/28/2013 2:13:48 PM] Yellowstone Paleo Survey: Introduction Introduction A survey of Yellowstone's fossil resources was initiated in the same spirit of discovery demonstrated by Captain William Raynolds, Henry Washburn, and Ferdinand Hayden. Rumors of marine reptiles, trilobite mass death assemblages, and even dinosaurs in Yellowstone have lured a team of paleontologists in the same way that the legends of "Colter's Hell" and Jim Bridger's "Tall Tales" have attracted many before. Compared to other natural resources at Yellowstone National Park, fossils have received little attention. Except for the research conducted on the petrified forests, Yellowstone's fossils have remained a relative "paleo-incognita" more than 125 years after the park's establishment. As this survey demonstrates, the lack of paleontological research is not due to a lack of significant fossils. Perhaps historian Aubrey Haines provided the best explanation in his comment, "Past administrations preferred that resources not in the public's eye be left alone" (pers.