FOREWORD

epression at home and export of terrorism and fundamentalism abroad Rare the two prongs of the strategy adopted by the misogynist and medieval regime ruling to preserve its rule. Iranian women have always been the first victims of domestic repression under the pretext of enforcing the mandatory Hijab. Contrary to the mullahs’ expectations, Iranian women have refused to accept this imposition and defied the regime’s intention to deprive them of the right to choose their own clothing, a systematic and prevalent trend which has turned into a political and security issue for the regime. That is why the first task of various government bodies is to suppress women over the form of clothing. This was first revealed in December 2015 by Hossein Ashtari, the commander-in-chief of the State Security Force, that «26 government agencies are responsible for the issue of Hijab and Chastity.»

Enforcing the mandatory hijab, a top priority of government agencies The issue of the compulsory veil has taken on political and national security significance over the past 40 years, and turned into one of the regime’s top priorities. The misogynist regime in Iran has developed various mechanisms to enforce the mandatory Hijab, and the organization set up for this task has widely expanded through the years. On December 4, 2005, the regime’s Supreme Council for Cultural Revolution passed a law entitled, «Law on the Development of Executive Procedures for Hijab and Chastity» and defined the responsibility of enforcing the mandatory hijab for at least 26 government agencies. The law laid emphasis on “the priority of the issue of ‘Hijab and Chastity’ in the plans and programs of the regime’s executive bodies.” The Supreme Council for Cultural Revolution also worked out another solution. A network of 27 state agencies suppresses Iranian women by “Reviving the tradition of Promotion of Virtue and Prohibition of Vice with regards enforcing the mandatory Hijab to Hijab and Chastity» was the council’s means to involve unofficial forces and Copyright©2020 by Women’s Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran reactionary elements to harass women in the streets. This policy led to organized (NCRI) violence in September 2014, such as acid attacks and stabbings of women by All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in government-backed gangs. any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the In September 2019, the supreme cultural council approved a document entitled publisher. «Supplementary Collection.» Under the new plan, the number of official government agencies responsible for enforcing the mandatory Hijab was A publication of the Women’s Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran July 2020 increased from 26 to 27, which includes 10 ministries. All the above said agencies and the bodies not mentioned involved in the ISBN: 978-2-35822-023-1 suppression of women work in accordance with the policies of the Supreme Council for Cultural Revolution, which is chaired by the mullahs’ President, . women.ncr-iran.org @womenncri @womenncri A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES 1 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab Duties of the 27 State Agencies depriving women of their free choice of clothing

According to the «Supplementary Collection» approved by the Supreme Council for Cultural Revolution, the duties of the 27 official state agencies in imposing the mandatory hijab on Iranian women are as follows.1

Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education 1 Medical Education 3

The Ministry of Health and Medical Under the pretext of cultural Education controls women in hospitals education, the Ministry of Education and medical centers. "Protecting the targets female schoolgirls to teach moral privacy of patients" is one of the them about the regime’s misogynistic tasks of this body, which means none culture. but monitoring female physicians and These teachings, which are nurses during their care and treatment implemented by coercion and of male patients. humiliation, are a cause of constant psychological torture of the innocent Ministry of Science, schoolgirls in Iran. Research and On May 6, 2018, at a girls’ primary 2 Technology school in the southern city of Abadan, the deputy director of the school cut The Ministry of Science, Research and the hair of a primary school girl with Technology monitors and harasses scissors because she had failed to stick female professors and students in her lock of hair underneath her scarf. dormitories of educational centers The girl, who had asthma, suffered a and universities to enforce their respiratory attack and was taken to so-called «Hijab and Chastity.» In hospital.3 addition, the ministry also monitors In December 2017, at a girls’ school the students’ mothers with regards to in Islamabad, Urmia, the school’s their observance of the compulsory principal and supervisor went to the dress code. school yard while accompanied by In the first week of May 2019, for several state security forces. They cut example, students of the University of with scissors each girls’ hair that had saw the heavy presence of the come out of the headscarf.4 paramilitary Bassij agents on campus. Their task was to terrorize female students who flouted the rule of the mandatory hijab. On May 13, 2019, hundreds of students protested. The response of Bassij forces to them was beating.2

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 3 2 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab Organization of Islamic Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Culture and Bassij Organization 4 Islamic Guidance 7 9 Culture and Relations 13 Mines and Trade

The Ministry of Culture and Islamic In accordance with its mandates The Organization of Islamic Culture The Ministry of Industry, Mines and Guidance is an organization seeks set forth in the “Supplementary and Relations monitors individuals as Trade exerts tight control on businesses to attract women and youth to the Collection,” the Bassij Organization well as scientific, cultural and artistic and unions, preventing the registration manifestations and appearances of the shall produce “cultural content for the groups being sent abroad and whether of goods which contradict the clerical regime; it uses tricks such as computer purpose of promoting hijab in real and they observe the mandatory Hijab regime's policies with regards to games or advertising on domestic cyber space.” while on travel. clothing, toys and stationery. brands to advance its goals. On July 8, 2018, Minoo Aslani, the head of the Women's Bassij, announced Headquarters for Cultural Heritage, the formation of “Hijab and Chastity Promoting Virtue and Handicrafts and Tourism Islamic Development Headquarters” in 31 provinces. Around 10 Prohibiting Vice 14 Organization 5 Organization the same time, some 50,000 women The Headquarters for Promoting Virtue The organization of Cultural Heritage, were stopped in Districts 2 and 5 of and Prohibiting Vice institutionalizes Handicrafts and Tourism promotes The task of the Islamic Development Tehran and given warnings for not suppression of women by encouraging the compulsory veil in the realm of (of Propaganda) Organization is to properly covering their hair. and praising managers, government tourism, and in tourism services and promote the regime’s fundamentalist Omol-Sadat Rakhshandeh, in charge of employees and famous personalities cultural centers. ideals through mosques and religious the women's Bassij in the IRGC Karbala who help advance the policy of institutions. It also exploits elite Corps in Mazandaran, also announced enforcing the compulsory veil. students or others who excel in the on July 8, 2018 that during the week of regime's “chastity” indicators to “Hijab and Chastity,” they would carry Management Centre promote the regime's culture and role out more than 2,000 special programs of the Islamic models. to promote the culture of compulsory 11 Seminaries of Qom hijab. In addition, stations will be set Islamic Republic of Iran up on the beaches as well as in parks The Centre for the Management of Broadcasting and public places to remind women of the Islamic Seminaries of Qom must 6 observing the official dress code.5 recruit young people in society and in The Islamic Republic of Iran the cyberspace. The center also trains Broadcasting is tasked with monitoring Hajj and Pilgrimage men and women as missionaries to of all propaganda that contradict the 8 Organization carry out the regime’s suppressive regime’s intentions with regards to plans against women. the mandatory Hijab. It monitors the The Hajj and Pilgrimage Organization Endowments and advertisements of goods and products must monitor and pressure women Charity Affairs on satellite networks and cyberspace, who apply for pilgrimage to holy places 12 Organization and reports any contradictions with using the pretext of Hijab and Chastity. the regime’s official models to the The Endowments and Charity Affairs relevant authorities. Organization funds mandatory hijab In addition, the organization projects through activities such as continuously promotes the regime’s donations and cultural endowments. misogynistic culture through It also promotes the so-called hijab production and broadcast of culture in the form of publications, interviews, advertisements, film serials video clips, creating software and web and outreach programs. sites in cyberspace.

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 5 4 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab 15 The State Security Force

The State Security Force (SSF) acts as the regime’s iron fist and exerts daily pressure on women. In May 2015, the State Security Force was reinforced by 7,000 plain clothes agents in Tehran alone. In November 2015, Saeed Montazer Al-Mahdi, the social deputy for the State Security Force, announced that the number of guidance patrols had increased 40 folds. In 2016, Iranian women received 64,000 warnings related to the observance of the official dress code. During the same period, more than 1,262 women were summoned to the moral security section of the police. At least 215 vehicles were confiscated and 500 individuals suspected of removing the veil were dealt with.6 In June 2016, only in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, 362 businesses were warned and 126 shops were In the spring of 2019, the State During this project, called “Observer coordinator of the SSF in Gilan closed for failing to observe the hijab Security Force launched a plan called 2,” women were harassed in shopping Province, said: “194 vehicles and of their mannequins in the showcases.7 “Observer 1.” According to this plan, malls, shops and even in apartment motorized units will be dispatched On September 29, 2016, SSF all vehicles in which women did not complexes. 11 major shopping malls in to the coastal and resort areas from Commander-in-Chief Hossein Ashtari observe the compulsory hijab received Tehran were monitored.14 across the province… The police’s told a national gathering of prosecutors text messages to report in to one The presence of any piece of clothing mandate is to cooperate with other that over 2000 women were arrested of SSF centers to pay fines. By June that did not comply with the regime's agencies to keep the beaches and every day in Tehran and some other 2019, Iranian drivers had received coercive dress code became an excuse resorts clean and morally fit within our provinces for hijab-related issues.8 300,000 such text messages. 150,000 for a disciplinary action and the closure own moral standards.”16 In the first six months of 2017, over people were summoned to the SSF of the shop. 25,000 drivers were fined in Isfahan headquarters and forced to pledge in Observer 1 and 2 plans continued in for having tinted windows which could writing to comply with hijab rules.11 2020. In Arak, two businesses were shield women who remove their veil According to the same plan, 64 women shut down. Shut-down orders were inside the car.9 were sued in Gilan Province, alone.12 issued for 49 other businesses. Fifty- In February 2018, the State Security In June 2019, the SSF announced that five business owners were forced Force announced: “Encouraging women who fail to observe compulsory to write pledges that they will not people not to wear the hijab is hijab guidelines are banned from disregard the hijab rules again and 99 punishable by one to ten years in traveling by plane.13 other businesses were put on notice.15 prison and cannot be commuted to The regime's next plan to harass women Summer is a time to harass women alternative punishment.”10 was announced in September 2019. in Iran. Hossein Hassanpour, deputy

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 7 6 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab Administrative and Intelligence Ministry Recruitment Affairs 16 19 Organization

The Ministry of Intelligence traces The Administrative and Recruitment and locates women and youths who Affairs Organization has a duty to defy the regime’s repressive policies. deprive women of employment under Monitoring the activities and positions the pretext of “Hijab and Chastity.” of other countries regarding the enforcement of the compulsory veil Planning and Budget in Iran and expanding the intelligence Organization network by using all government 20 employees are among the duties of this ministry. The Planning and Budget Organization oversees government institutions and agencies in terms of spending Ministry of Economy government funds to promote hijab and Finance 17 projects. In January 2018, 10-year-old The Ministry of Economy and Finance Organization of Free Ministry of Sports gymnastics champion Kiana Abdipour supports commercial networks Trade, Industry and and Youth was summoned to the Gymnastics operating to advance the enforcement 21 Economic Zones 23 of the compulsory hijab and provides Federation’s Disciplinary Committee them banking facilities to enable them The Free Trade, Industry and The Ministry of Sports and Youth is after pictures of her without the to continue their work. Economic Zones Organization has the tasked with extorting money from the compulsory veil during a training tour authority to prevent the adoption of people for use in the so-called “hijab in Armenia surfaced online. She came regulations, plans and programs that and chastity plans.” on the verge of being banned from 19 Interior Ministry are inconsistent with the rules on The ministry also expels or restricts participating in tournaments. 18 Hijab and Chastity. The organization female athletes while the compulsory In October 2018, Maral Mardani, an prevents any import, production, dress code is a serious obstacle to Iranian judo practitioner of the 78 The Ministry of Interior organizes and distribution and supply of goods and the participation of Iranian women in weight class, was eliminated from equips government institutions to products that are in conflict with the various sports. the main Olympic games in Argentina promote the practice of hijab. In May misogynistic policies of the mullahs. In February 2017, Dorsa Derakhshani, because she could not wear the 2017, the Ministry of Interior, together a member of Iran’s national chess team original judo uniform and go without with the Central Headquarters for Directorate of Women who was awarded the title, Woman covering her hair.20 the Protection of Public Security in and Family Affairs Grandmaster and International In June 2019, during a women’s football the Sphere of Hijab and Chastity, 22 Master in 2016, was banned from game in Shiraz, central Iran, agents of issued a calendar to governorates In contrast to the notion associated participating in competitions because the Security Service (Herasat) entered throughout Iran, informing them of a with its name, the Directorate of she did not wear the compulsory veil the players’ locker-room and insulted new round of repressive inspections Women and Family Affairs enforces at the Gibraltar games. and physically attacked the team during the month of Ramadan to the mandatory hijab on women in In May 2017, Iran’s Football Federation players and coach.21 examine the condition of their need. The directorate promotes the deprived Shiva Amini, a member of In January 2020, three women athletes employees’ compliance with the regime’s misogynistic goals in the field the Women’s Futsal National Team, left Iran due to the compulsory hijab official compulsory dress code. Public of compulsory hijab through meetings, from playing futsal for not wearing and the suppression of women. and private hospitals were among the exhibitions and workshops entitled as the compulsory veil during a friendly Olympic medalist Kimia Alizadeh, a entities on their monitor 17 list. “Women’s affairs.” match abroad.18 Taekwondo athlete, took refuge in

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 9 8 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab Germany and wrote in an Instagram post that “I am one of the millions of Welfare Organization 27 Organizations Are Not Enough oppressed women in Iran.” 26 Shohreh Bayat, a 32-year-old international chess referee, who took The Welfare Organization controls lthough the above-mentioned Political prisoners are also pressured part in chess competitions without the kindergartens, consultation centers A27 organizations are mentioned under the pretext of having violated mandatory veil, said that she would and other centers related to the in the document approved by the rules of hijab.26 only return to Iran if she received organization. the Supreme Council for Cultural “something to ensure I will be safe if In July 2016, plans for gender Revolution, this is not all there is to The Revolutionary Guard Corps I go back.” segregation were even implemented the regime's comprehensive efforts to In November 2014, the Headquarters Chess champion Mitra Hejazipour was for children under the age of seven. impose the mandatory hijab. Since the for Promoting Virtue and Prohibiting expelled from the National Chess Team The Social Assistant Head of Tehran obligatory veil is institutionalized as an Vice started training courses for their on January 2, 2020 by Iran’s Chess Province said that “no kindergarten official law in Iran, other organizations new members with the help of Bassij Federation for removing her hijab had a right to have mixed gender and agencies are inevitably involved. forces and the Revolutionary Guard during the World Chess Championship. swimming pools.” Corps (IRGC). The new members were “If such a transgression is carried out, Ministry of Justice given special certificates after the the kindergarten will be shut down,” In July 2019, Esmail Akbari, one of the completion of their training.27 Municipalities Ibrahim Ghafari stressed.22 directors of the Justice Department It is worth mentioning that the main 24 Gender segregation was not limited of Fars Province announced that role of the IRGC is to preserve the rule to swimming pools in kindergartens. detainees accused of hijab related of the clerical regime. Municipalities across Iran are tasked Habbibollah Nesari, the Deputy charges were forced to participate in On June 24, 2019, Gholami, one of with suppression and complicity in the Commander of the SSF Special Forces eight-hour educational classes.25 the directors of the Headquarters arrest of women and young Iranians called the mingling of girls and boys under the pretext of “creating a in kindergartens “animosity with healthy environment” in beaches and religion.”23 A few days before that, recreational resorts. Habibollah Massoudi Farid, a Welfare official, said that if mixed gender swimming pools were proven to exist Khomeini Relief in kindergartens, the issue would be Foundation 25 quickly dealt with.24

The Khomeini Relief Foundation steals money from Iranians and implements the “Plan to Promote Hijab and Foundation of Martyrs Chastity” on women who are the sole 27 and Veterans Affairs providers of their family and women who have no guardians or have The Foundation of Martyrs and inadequate guardians. Veterans Affairs uses government funds on cultural activities to promote the mandatory hijab.

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 11 10 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab formed in a coherent structure to organize matters related to chastity and the hijab,” he added.31

Sustained promotion of suppression against women In addition to the official state agencies, senior regime officials have expressly and repeatedly underscored the need for suppressing women. The mullahs’ Supreme Leader, has said: “Gender equality is one of those completely wrong western ideas.”32 Khamenei: “Diversionary conversations about the pros and cons of hijab have no place in the Islamic Republic. You see the underlying current of promoting vice - not only improper veiling - in the society, and they are injecting this in society. New instruments like cyberspace and others are helping create such an atmosphere.”33 Zahra Ayatollahi, among Khamenei's representative's in universities, says: “We do not believe in gender equality; gender segregation has value and merit.”34 for Promoting Virtue and Prohibiting Zahedan, and Markazi Province, in The Parliamentary Women and The Friday prayer leader of Isfahan Vice in the Khorasan Razavi Province central Iran. Fifty-eight others were Family Committee to Promote said that if women who do not comply in northeastern Iran, announced the summoned to court while over 20 Virtue and Prevent Vice with the regime's compulsory veiling formation of new repressive divisions photography studios and ateliers were On June 20, 2016, the official IRNA guidelines are not arrested, this would to enforce the compulsory veil. He shut down.29 reported the formation be tantamount to “treason.”35 said that over 8,000 agents of the In May 2019, the organization had of a new committee in the mullahs’ The interim Friday prayer leader of new divisions had spread across 12 2000 groups dedicated to enforcing parliament called the Women and Ahvaz announced that enforcement cities of the province to initiate their the mandatory hijab on women just Family Committee to Promote Virtue teams, comprising of a judge, have repressive activities. Gholami said that in the northern province of Gilan. and Prohibit Vice. been stationed in town squares and the new divisions would be organized Mohammad Abdollahpour, the various streets in order to flog and in all cities of the province by the end commander of Gilan’s IRGC Quds 301 institutes for the Hijab and lash women in public if they do not of the year.28 Force, announced that they had dealt Chastity comply with verbal warnings about The Revolutionary Guard Corps has with over 28,000 cases of “improper Mohsen Doaii, the Secretary General their improper Hijab.36 also focused its attention on models veiling” in that year. of the Hijab and Chastity Front, said Ahmad Alamolhoda, the Friday prayer and has arrested a considerable The IRGC commander also announced that “over 301 active chastity and leader of Mashhad and Khamenei's number of people in this field. that about 22,000 agents from the hijab institutes were operating in the representative in Khorasan Province, In September 2016, 24 models were Bassij and IRGC, patrol neighborhoods country with various capacities.” has said that improper-veiling is arrested in the northeastern city on a weekly basis in Gilan province.30 “This group consists of institutions worse than financial corruption or of Mashhad, southeastern city of and cultural activists that have been embezzlement.37

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 13 12 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab THE FINAL WORD here are countless other facts and examples woman, 'miss, put your veil on.' She replied: 'I won't Trelated to the suppression of women under the put my veil on, and there is not a damn thing you can pretext of what the regime deems as proper veiling, do about it.' And I really couldn't do a damn thing virtue or chastity. Topics like threats and harassment about it because there were no police officers in the against women for riding bicycles or motor bikes, area to inform.”40 for example, cannot be fairly treated here so we will A former member of the mullahs’ parliament, address them in another report. Parvaneh Salahshouri, made similar statements in Despite all these injustices and suppression, the October 2017. She said: “We have not only failed to regime's officials have on numerous occasions induce a favorable belief in young people regarding confessed that Iranian women have not succumbed the hijab, but we have actually pushed them away to pressure and instead want to be free. from it.” She added: “We only worked on the facade In July 2018, the regime's parliamentary research of Islam and were deceitful... Hijab was from the center said in a report entitled “the contributing beginning introduced as a political, not a cultural, factors for implementing veiling policies and the matter... Are the ethics of refusing to lie, refusing available options”: “The sharia form of veiling (the to be deceitful, or dozens of other examples, not black head-to-toe chador) is deemed as virtuous for attributes of Islam? So, why has lying become so only about 35 percent of Iranian women. Nearly 70 prevalent in the country?” percent of women do not believe in hijab or veiling.” She pointed to the network of state institutions and The report admits the fact that such veiling can only so-called “cultural” entities tasked with enforcing be implemented through coercion and force. the mandatory Hijab on women, and asked: “The According to the same parliamentary report, more question is, with the budgets at their disposal, why than 85 percent of women who the regime condemns have these entities not been able to educate people for “improper veiling” do not attribute any virtue to to act as young Muslims? For example, the (religious the chador and do not accept any state intervention seminary) Hawza has access to millions of dollars, but regarding veiling or clothing. Educated young people why has it not been successful in this regard? Why in large urban areas display the highest level of have propaganda organs that have access to hefty resistance against compulsory veiling.38 budgets failed in enforcing the veil?”41 Moreover, junior and senior officials of the regime It is clear that such confessions, particularly at from both factions have on various occasions a time when popular uprisings --seeking regime confessed to the theocracy's defeat in this area. change in Iran-- are on the rise, demonstrate the One of the regime's senior religious “sources of officials' fear and trepidation. They run parallel to emulation,” Jafar Sobhani, met the commander of the clerical regime's array of statements regarding the State Security Force, Hossein Ashtari, on October the vast potential of Iranian women and the Iranian 8, 2017. He praised the suppressive security measures people, who have reached an explosive state after of the SSF but added, “In recent years, we have not four decades of brutal suppression and the most been able to get anywhere with respect to improper inhumane forms of pressure. veiling, despite various warnings.” Having charted a history of 40 years of resistance led The head of the so-called “promotion of virtue” by female activists and PMOI/MEK members --tens headquarters, Jalil Mohebbi, admitted to resistance of thousands of whom were tortured or murdered by on the part of women as well as their disregard for the regime42-- the brave women of Iran will overthrow the regime's suppressive threats and said: “I told a the entire regime and all its corrupt factions.

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 15 14 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab ENDNOTES

1. Supplementary collection of executive measures to spread the culture of 22. The state-run , July 18, 2016 chastity and the hijab, approved September 3, 2019, website of- theSu 23. The state-run Aftabnews.ir website, October 2, 2019 preme Council for Cultural Revolution 24. The state-run , September 28, 2019 2. Tehran University students protest against the compulsory veil, Women’s 25. Iran: Compulsory classes for improperly veiled women, Women’s News, web- News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, May 13, 2019 site of the NCRI Women’s Committee, June 29, 2019 3. Iran: An elementary girl’s hair is cut at school for mal-veiling, Women’s News, 26. Nasrin Sotoudeh’s daughter threatened with denial of prison visits, Women’s website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, May 12, 2018 News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, September 20, 2018 4. Iran: Forcible hair-cut for girls who do not properly cover their hair, Women’s 27. The state-run Tabnak website, December 9, 2014 News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, December 17, 2017 28. Morality Patrol Divisions launched in Razavi Khorasan, Northeastern Iran, 5. Week of mandatory veil launched in 31 provinces, Women’s News, website Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, July 16, 2019; of the NCRI Women’s Committee, July 11, 2018; the state-run ISNA news the state-run , June 24, 2019 and the state-run Tasnim agency, July 8, 2018 News Agency, July 12, 2019 6. The state-run , June 19, 2016 29. NCRI Women’s Committee Monthly Report – October 2016, Monthlies, web- 7. The state-run Tasnim news agency, June 20, 2016 site of the NCRI Women’s Committee, November 4, 2016, citing the state-run 8. Iran: 2000 women arrested every day for improper veiling, Women’s News, Mizan news agency and the state-run website website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, September 30, 2016; the state- 30. 2,000 teams formed to give warnings to improperly veiled women, Women’s run ISNA news agency – September 29, 2016 News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, June 7, 2019; the state-run 9. NCRI Women’s Committee Monthly Report – July 2017, Monthlies, Septem- Mehr News Agency, June 4, 2019 ber 30, 2016; the state-run ISNA news agency and Asr-e-Iran website, July 31. The state-run Mehr News Agency, July 20, 2016 19, 2017 32. The state-run etedaal.ir, April 19, 2014 10. Iran: Promoting unveiling is punished by 1 to 10 years in jail, Women’s News, 33. The state-run .ir website, July 20, 2016 website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, February 25, 2018; the state-run 34. The state-run ISNA News Agency, June 19, 2016 ILNA news agency, February 23, 2018 35. The state-run Khabaronline.ir website, June 14, 2016 11. Hijab and NAJA record; 300,000 SMS, 150,000 written pledges, Deutsche 36. The state-run Mehr News Agency, June 16, 2016 Welle – July 18, 2019 37. The state-run Khabaronline.ir website, April 9, 2016 12. The state-run Mehr news agency, June 3, 2020 38. The compulsory veil in Iran – regime admits most women defy, Women’s 13. Improperly veiled women to be stopped at airports, banned from travel, News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, July 31, 2018; the state-run Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, July 6, 2019 ISNA news agency, July 28, 2018 14. Enforcing the compulsory veil, “legal duty” for the State Security Force, 39. Iran: Cleric admits failure in imposing mandatory veil on women, Women’s Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, October 13, News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, October 18, 2017; the 2019; citing the state-run ISNA news agency, October 9, 2019 state-run Fars news agency, October 8, 2017 15. The state-run Fars news agency, June 22, 2020 40. The PMOI Telegram; citing the state-run ofoghtv.ir, July 30, 2019 16. The state-run ISNA news agency, June 4, 2020 41. The compulsory veil – admission to the mistakes of a falling regime, Articles, 17. Iran: Hospitals to be inspected for women’s “proper hijab”, Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, December 19, 2018; the state-run website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, June 3, 2017; the state-run Khaneh Mellat website, December 1, 2018 Mashreghnews.ir, June 1, 2017 42. 1988 Massacre: Those who met their appointment with FREEDOM, Articles, 18. Iran: Woman deprived of playing in national futsall team, Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, August 4, 2017 website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, April 28, 2017 19. Iran: 10-year-old gymnast summoned for not observing the veil abroad, Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, December 27, 2017; the state-run ISNA news agency, December 25, 2017 20. Iran: Woman deprived of playing in national futsall team, Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, October 12, 2018; the state-run ILNA news agency, October 9, 2018 21. Female footballers of Ilam attacked by male security guards, Women’s News, website of the NCRI Women’s Committee, May 30, 2019; the state-run ISNA news agency, May 28, 2019

A NETWORK OF 27 STATE AGENCIES The NCRI Women’s Committee 17 16 suppresses Iranian women by enforcing the mandatory Hijab