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Solid and Liquid Waste Management and Resource Recovery in Sri Lanka: a 20 City Analysis

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Solid and Liquid Waste Management and Resource Recovery in Sri Lanka: a 20 City Analysis Colombo, 2020 Solid and Liquid Waste Management and Resource Recovery in Sri Lanka: A 20 city analysis Nilanthi Jayathilake, Indrajith Udaya Kumara and Sudarshana Fernando Copyright © 2020, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE), International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Suggested citation: Jayathilake, N.; Kumara, I.U.; Fernando, S. 2020. Solid and Liquid Waste Management and Resource Recovery in Sri Lanka: A 20 city analysis. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 87 p. Disclaimer: This report has been compiled based on the best information available in 2019, site visits and expert interviews. The information can change between sources, and will change over time, making report updates necessary. The report was compiled with care but did not pass IWMI’s editorial services; thus any possible language errors are the sole responsibility of the authors. Fair use: Unless otherwise noted, you are free to copy, duplicate or reproduce, and distribute, display, or transmit any part of this report or portions thereof without permission, and to make translations, adaptations, or other derivative works under the following conditions: ATTRIBUTION: The work must be referenced according to international citation standards, while attribution in no way suggest endorsement by WLE, IWMI or the author(s). NONCOMMERCIAL: This work may not be used for commercial purposes. SHARE ALIKE: If this work is altered, transformed or built upon, the resulting work must be distributed only under the same or similar license to this one. Cover photo: Kaduwela Waste Recycling Centre, Sri Lanka, taken by P. Drechsel, IWMI Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank all local authorities for their support of this report and in particular the National Water Supply and Drainage Board for providing us with valuable information. Thanks are also extended to Christina Semasinghe, Methila Hewage, Imesha Waidyaratne and Ruvini Hettiarachchi for their support. The authors are grateful to Dr. Pay Drechsel for his invaluable guidance. Contents List of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables .................................................................................................................................... iii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................... v Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Solid Waste (SW) .................................................................................................................................... 2 Wastewater and Septage (Liquid waste management) ........................................................................ 4 ReferencesReferencesReferences ......................................................................................................................................... 7 CITY PROFILES ................................................................................................................................... 9 1. Anuradhapura ......................................................................................................................... 10 2. Badulla .................................................................................................................................... 14 3. Batticaloa ................................................................................................................................ 18 4. Colombo .................................................................................................................................. 22 5. Galle ........................................................................................................................................ 27 6. Jaffna ...................................................................................................................................... 31 7. Kaluthara ................................................................................................................................ 35 8. Kandy ...................................................................................................................................... 39 9. Kilinochchi ............................................................................................................................... 42 10. Kurunegala .............................................................................................................................. 45 11. Mannar ................................................................................................................................... 49 12. Matale ..................................................................................................................................... 52 13. Matara .................................................................................................................................... 56 14. Mullaithivu .............................................................................................................................. 59 15. Negombo ................................................................................................................................ 62 16. Nuwara Eliya .......................................................................................................................... 66 17. Puttalam ................................................................................................................................. 70 18. Ratnapura .............................................................................................................................. 73 19. Trincomalee ............................................................................................................................ 77 20. Vauniya ................................................................................................................................... 80 i List of Acronyms CEA Central Environmental Authority IWMI International Water Management Institute JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency LA Local Authority MC Municipal Council MSW Municipal Solid Waste MT Metric Tonne NSWMSC National Solid Waste Management Support Center NWSDB National Water Supply and Drainage Board PS Pradeshiya Sabha RDF Refuse-Derived Fuels RRR Resource Recovery and Reuse SDG Sustainable Development Goals SWM Solid Waste Management UC Urban Council WMA Waste Management Authority ii List of Tables Table 1: Present sanitation situation in Sri Lanka ................................................................................... 4 Table 2: Details of existing BOI wastewater systems.............................................................................. 6 Table 3: Details of existing city/town sewerage systems/ STPs ............................................................. 6 Table 4: Fecal sludge Treatment Plants in Sri Lanka ............................................................................... 7 Table 5: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area (Anuradhapura MC) .......................................... 11 Table 6: Types of Latrines used in Anuradhapura MC .......................................................................... 13 Table 7: Resources for Septage management in Anuradhapura MC .................................................... 13 Table 8: Types of OSS systems used in Badulla MC .............................................................................. 17 Table 9: Resources available for Septage Collection in Badulla MC ..................................................... 17 Table 10: Onsite sanitation systems in Batticaloa MC .......................................................................... 21 Table 11: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area – Colombo MC ................................................ 24 Table 12: Onsite Sanitation System - Colombo MC Area ...................................................................... 26 Table 13: Resources for Septage management in Colombo MC .......................................................... 26 Table 14: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area – Galle MC ...................................................... 28 Table 15: Resources available at Galle MC for septage collection ....................................................... 30 Table 16: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area ......................................................................... 32 Table 17: Resources for Septage management in Jaffna MC [JICA, 2016] ........................................... 34 Table 18: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area – Kaluthara UC ................................................ 36 Table 19: Facilities for septage Collection Service - Kaluthara UC ........................................................ 38 Table 20: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area – Kandy MC ..................................................... 40 Table 21: Resources for Septage management in Kandy MC ............................................................... 41 Table 22: Facilities available for the SWM of the Area Killinochchi...................................................... 43 Table 23: Types of Latrines used in Kilinochchi
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