Stael's Philosophy
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TRANSITS: TRANSITS LITERATURE, THOUGHT & CULTURE StriaEdiror Greg Oingham Bucknell University Tra111ia is the next horizon. The series of books, essays, and monographs aims 10 extend recent achievements in eightecnth-«ntury srudies and co publish work on any aspects of the licemurc, thought, and culrurc of the years 1650-1850. Without ideologial or Stael's Philosophy methodologial restrictions, Trantillseeks to provide transformative =dingsof the literary, cultur.11, and historical interconnections between Britain, Europe, the Far Ease, Oceania, and the Americas in the long eighteenth ccnrury, and as they acend down 10 presenttime. In addition to literature and history, such -global" pcopcctives might entail considerations of the Passions of time, space, narurc, economics, politics, environment, and material culture, and might necessitate the development of new modes of critial imagination, which we welcome. But SENSIBILITY, SOCIETY, the seriesdocs not thereby repudiate the loal and the national,for original new work on puticular writers and readers in particular places in time continues 10 be the bedrock of AND THE SISTER ARTS the discipline. liclcsin the Series 7ht F11milJ,M11rri4gt, 11nd RAdic4'ism in British WommiNow/s of tht I 7901: Public Affimon11nd PrilNlU Affliction Jennifer Golighcly Ftminism and tht Politiaof Trawl After tht Enlightmmmt Yael Schlick John Galt:Ob1erv11tio111 11na Conjmurn on Littmtu", History. and SodttJ Edited by Tili Boon Cuille Rtgina Hewitt and Karyna Szmurlo PnfomringAuthorship in Eighumth-CmturyEnglish Ptriodica/s Manushag N. Powell &ritJZbkImaginations: Eroticism and Rtadingin Britain, /660-/760 K.i1hlecn Lubcy 7htFrmch RtvolutionDtba1t and tht BritishNow/, 1790-1814: 7htStruggk for Hisroryi Authority Morgan Rooney Lewisburg Racocr,Fiction in Frrznct, 1600-17/5: Stditiow Frivolity BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY PIU!ss Allison Stedman For a complete list of ticlcs in this series, please visit h[tJ>://www.bucknell.edu/univcrsiry press. To our mentors {our source of inspiration) and our children (our hope for the future). Published by BucknellUniversity Press Co-published with The Rowman& LlnlcliddPublishing Group, Inc. 4501 ForbesBoulevud, Suite200, Lanham,Muyland 20706 www.mwman.com IO ThomburyRoad, Plymouth PL6 7PP,Uni1cd Kingdom pyriglu C 201� Rowmm & Linldidd Publishcn,Inc. Allrizl,1:1 mnwrl No part of this book may be rq,mduc:cdin any form or by any decnonic or mcdianicalmeans, indudlng informationstorage and mricwl system.,, withour wri11en permissionfrom the publisher, csap1 by a ri:vicwcr who may qu01c pwages in a m-icw. Briwh Libra,y Cacloguingin PublicationInformation Available Ubruy ofCoapaaCataloglng-ln-PabUcadon D•ia Staci's philosophy of ihc passions : sensibility, society, andthe sister ans/ edited by TiliBoon CuiUc and K2ryn.oSz.mwlo. pagesan. - {Transitsli1erarutt, thought & culruie) Includesbibllogr.,phical idi:rcnccs and index. ISBN 978-1-61148-472-4 (cloth: alk. paper)-ISBN 978-1-61148-473-1 (cbook) I. Stoel,Madame de {Anne-Louise-Germaine), 1766-1817-Cri1icism and interpretation.2. Francc-lnrcllmual life--l9thccnru,y. I. Cuillc, Tili Boon cdi1orof compilation. II. Sunudo, Karyna cdiror of compilnion. PQ243 I.Z5S64 2013 848' .609-dc23 2012040987 "' @ The p•pcrused in this publicationmeets the minimum requirementsof AmericanNational Standardfur Infurmation Scienccs-Pcnnancnce of Paperfur Printed Llbra,yMaterials, ANSI/NISO 239.48-1992. Printed in the United Stoicsof America CONTENTS List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Setting the Stage Tili Boon Cuilli PART I THE POLITICS OF THE PASSIONS The Mocher, the Daughter, and the Passions 19 Catherine Dubeau 2 The Virtuous Passion: The Politics of Pity in Stael's 1heInflumu of the Passions 39 Nanrttr u Coat 3 Passions, Politics, and Literature: TheQuest for Happiness 57 Christine Dunn Henderson 4 Melancholy in the Pursuit of Happiness: Corinneand the Femme Supmeure 75 KArrndrBruin PART II INTERNATIONAL AESTHETICS s The Peripheral Heroine Takes Center Stage: From Owenson's National Tale to Stael'sEuropean Genre 95 M lonr Crummy { ¥ii J CONTENTS 6 Ethnography and Autoethnography: Cosmopolitanism in LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Corinne ou l1talie ll7 JenniferLaw-Sulli11an 7 Liquid Union: Listening through Tears and the Creation of Community in Corinne 131 LaurtnFortner Rava/ico 8 Aeolian Translacion: The Acsthecics of Mediation and the Jouissance of Genre 151 CC. Wharram Figures 9 British Le acies of Corinne and the Commercialization g 5.1 Portrait of Sydney Owenson by Samuel Freeman afterJohn of Enthusiasm 171 Comerford 109 KariLokk e 5.2 Portrait of Lady Lavery as Kathleen Ni Houlihan forIrish pound by John Lavery 110 PART 111 PHILOSOPHY ANO THE ARTS 11.1 Portrait of Germaine de Stael by Finnin Massot 206 11.2 1 o The Power to Corrupt: A Staelian Perspective on the Portrait of Germaine de Staci attributed to Marguerite Gerard, Elisabeth Vigce-Lcbrun, and Finnin Massoc 207 Fine Arts 193 11.3 Replicaof Fran�ois Geracd's portrait of Germaine de Susan Tmmhaum Staciby Marie Gode&oid 208 11.4 Portraitof Mada me deStai/ , , The Many Faces of Germaine de Stael 205 as Corinne by Elisabeth Mary Sheriff Vigc:e-Lcbrun 209 D. 11.5 Miniacurc of Germaine de Stael by Pierre-Louis Bouvier 215 11.6 12 Scacl, Corinne, and the Women Collectors of Portrait of Germaine de Stael by Fran�is Gerard 216 11.7 Napoleonic Europe 237 Replica of Elisabeth Vigee-Lcbrun's Portrait ofMada me de Heathtr Belnap Jensen Stai/as Corinne by Firmin Massot 221 11.8 Corinne at CapeMismo by Fran�is Gerard 228 13 Germaine de Stael Defines Romanticism, or the Analogy of 12.1 Corinne Showing OswaJd her Pictures by H.S. Grie 241 the Glass Harmonica 12.2 g 263 Christ Carryingthe Crossby Bartolome Esteban Murillo 242 12.3 Fabimnt Moo" Photograph of the Portrait Room at Coppet 245 12.4 The MusicSalon at Ma/maisonby Auguste Garneray 248 14 Between Ideal and Performance: Corinne in Female-Authored 12.5 Pauline BorgheseIII Venus Vict1Uby Antonio Canova 251 Singer Narratives of the l 830s 281 12.6 Portrait of Caroline Murat by JeanAuguste Dominique Ingres 253 JuliaEjfmz Bibliography 303 Index 325 About the Contributors 331 I •iii I l�l HEATHER BELNAP JENSEN 13 66. Nancy K. Mill..-, "Emphasis Added: Plotsand rlawibUitics in Women's fiction: in Sul,jmto GERMAINE DE STAEL DEFINES ROMANTICISM, OR Chang,:/hading Fmrinut Writing (NewYork: Columbia UniversityPress, 1988), 25--46. THE ANALOGY OF THE GLASS HARMONICA 67. The subjttt of women's dcsira in the lilt and art of Sae! is a.1Siduously punucd in M•delyn Guiwitth, Mad,,m,d, Stai/, Nov,/isr: 71,,Em, rgtn" oftbt Ams,as Woman (Urbana: University Fabienne Moore oflllinois l'rcss, 1978). 68. "Dans le voyog•de la vie, la femme est le guide, le clunnc et le souticn de l'homme• (Maxi�a ti,, Orimr,zur). &plkationsda oo,m,gad, ptinn,,r, 1,ulpn,rt, arrbittcturrn pvurr daartuta vi11r1ru,cq,,,sn au Mwh Napofio,,...• (Puu: Dubray, lmprimeur du Mwee Napoleon, 1808), 37. 69. Forsusrained anal ysis of Stael'senpgcmcn1 with the vuualarts, see my chapter on Gemu.inc de Scai!Iin my unpublisheddlssemtion, "Po1112i1isrcs 11 la plume:Women An Critiain Revolution• atyand NapoleonicFrance,• (PhD diss., University of lun.a,s, 2007). Ac C o Ro ING To Willbm Zcicl«, =dd-d,n gl,n lwmoak, player and composer: "Then: is a story printed in an early Irish musicil dictionary of how, upon his returnto America, while his wife was asleep, Benjamin Franklin went up to the attic of his Philaddphia home and set up his GlassArmonica which she had not yet heard. Upon completing this, he startedto draw forth its 'angdick strains.' Floating down fromabove, thesesounds were apparently so heavenly, that 'his wifeawakened with the co11viction that she had died and gone to heaven and was listening to the music of the angels.'"1 What kind of insuumenr is the: glass harmonica, to produce such angelic music that Mrs. Franklin imagined herself dead and in heaven? Rubbing a wet finger around the rim of a drinking glass ere:• ates a very pure musicil note whose pitch varies according to the amount of water in the glass. In the second half of the eighteenth century, a morc daborate version of this parry trick involving secs of singing glassesbecame a musicil pastimedur ing social gatherings.The Encyclopedia defined the sounds emitted as mwique d� vtrru, fuvorably describing its harmony while atuibuting its origin to Germany and drawing a comparison with an ancient Persian practice: GLASSES,Music of. (Arts) A few years ago we invenred with the hdp of glasses a new kind of harmony very flattering to the car... The instnunent wed for this effect is an oblong box, in which arc aligned and attached several round glasses of different diameters, in which one poucs water in various quantities.By rubbing a wetted linger on the rims of these glasses, which arc slighdy curved in, one draws very sweet, very melodious and long lasting sounds; and in this manner one is able to play very pleasant tunes.1 l 2.G? l I 263 I GERMAINE OE STAEL DEFINES ROMANTICISM i"ABIENNE MOORE The advantages of this instrument are, that its rones arc incom After listening to a performance by a virtuoso player, Edward Hussey Ddaval (1729-1814), Benjamin Franklin was so fascinated by this nc:wsound chac he sc:t parably sweet beyond those of any other; that they may be swc:llcd and softened at pleasure by suongcr or wc:akc:r pressures of the finger, and his inventive mind to work improving upon che possibilities of musical glasses. He had glassesof differentdiameters blown, each corresponding to a note:, instead continued to any length; and that the insuumc:nr, being once well of filling glasses with �tc:r. He removed che stems and bottoms from the:glasses, tuned, never again �ts tuning. inserted corks in che holes in the bottoms and mounted chem one: after the: other In honour of your musical language, I have borrowed from it the: 5 on a horizoncal spindle:.The: spindle: was rotated rapidly by means of a footpedal name of the instrument, calling it the:Annonica.