Career Makers-September 2011.Pmd

“Fulfilling a great need.....” Career & Competition Series

September 2011

Volume : 09

Editor

D.V.RAGHURAM M.A., P.G.D.H.R.M., D.T.E.M e-mail : [email protected]

Executive Editor CONTENTS PERSONS - 3 P. SUBHASHINI AWARDS / PRIZES - 4 M.Com ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES - 5 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - 6 PACE RESEARCH - 8 DEFENCE - 11 SUMMITS/ CONFERENCES - 12 NOTE: Printing of this book process through many stages - Writing, ECONOMY GLOSSARY - 14 Composing, Proof Reading etc. We try PROGRAMMES - 16 our best to make this book error free. if REPORTS - 17 any mistake has inadvertently crept in, we regret it and would be deeply BANKING SECTOR - 19 indebted to those who bring it to our COMMITTEES - 23 notice. We do not take any legal INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS - 25 responsibility. The publishers shall be obliged if mistakes are brought to their NATIONAL AFFAIRS - 29 notice for carrying out correction in the SPORTS - 31 next edition. CURRENT AFFAIRS QUESTIONS - 32 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901FOR SURE SUCCESS IN 212345

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JAYAM SERIES 16-2-875/1, Sayeedabad, Hyderabad - 500 059 Cell: 9290882406

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Leila Lopes of Angola crowned 60th Miss Universe Leila Lopes from Angola was crowned Miss Universe, smoothly handling an interview question about what physical trait she would change if could, while wearing a strapless cream-colored gown. Lopes, Angola’s first winner, beat out 88 other competitors to win the title during the 60th anniversary of the world’s biggest beauty pageant. She replaces last year’s winner, Ximena Navarrete of Mexico. The first runner-up was 23- Credicard Hall, in Sao Paulo, Brazil Roth and then Gulf and Western year-old Olesia Stefanko of Ukraine on September 12, 2011. Ximena Industries, before being acquired by and the second runner-up was Navarrete of Mexico will crown her Donald Trump in 1996. Priscila Machado of Brazil. The third successor. 89 contestants are In 1998, Miss Universe was Miss Philippines and the fourth participating in this year´s pageant, changed its name from Miss Miss China. surpassing the previous record of 86 Universe, Inc. to Miss Universe The globe’s biggest beauty contestants in 2006. Organization and the headquarters contest is held in Brazil for the first Miss Universe is an annual moved from Long Beach California, time. The contestants, who must international beauty contest run by to New York City that year. Donald never have been married or had the Miss Universe Organization. The Trump brought in a new team of children and who must be at least pageant is the most publicized professionals to the contest headed 18 years of age and under 27 years beauty contest in the world with 600 by its new CEO, Molly Miles, and of age by Feb. 1 of the competition million viewers. The contest was president Maureen Reidy. The year. Miss Universe 2011, the 60th founded in 1952 by California contest would use the slogan anniversary of the Miss Universe clothing company Pacific Mills. The "Redefined for Today" for promotion pageant, will be held at the pageant became part of Kayser- of the pageants.

List of Miss Universe titleholders

Year Country/Territory Miss Universe National title Location 2011 Angola Leila Lopes Miss Angola Sao Paulo, Brazil 2010 Mexico Ximena Navarrete Nuestra Belleza México Las Vegas, Nevada U.S. 2009 Venezuela Stefania Fernandez Miss Venezuela Nassau, Bahamas 2008 Venezuela Dayana Mendoza Miss Venezuela Nha Trang, Vietnam 2007 Japan Riyo Mori Miss Universe Japan Mexico City, Mexico 2006 Puerto Rico Zuleyka Rivera Miss Puerto Rico Universe Los Angeles, California U.S. 2005 Canada Natalie Glebova Miss Universe Canada Bangkok, Thailand 2004 Australia Jennifer Hawkins Miss Universe Australia Quito, Ecuador 2003 Dominican Republic Amelia Vega Miss Dominican Republic Panama City, Panama 2002 Panama Justine Pasek Senorita Panama Crowned by Donald Trump in NYC 2002 Russia Oxana Fedorova Miss Russia San Juan, Puerto Rico 2001 Puerto Rico Denise Quiñones Miss Puerto Rico Universe Bayamon, Puerto Rico 2000 India Lara Dutta Miss India Nicosia, Cyprus

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 instituted in 1961 by the government component of Rs.500,000. The 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890PRIZES Arjuna and a scroll. Former Indian Prime 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 The 2011 awardees are: 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 MinisterIndira Gandhiwas honoured Zaheer Khan (Cricket), Rahul posthumously with the highest Prem Bhatia award for Bannerjee (Archery), Preeja Bangladesh award the Bangladesh excellence in Sreedharan (Athletics), Vijas Gowda Swadhinata Sammanona reporting, 2011 (Athletics), Ashish Kumar (Bangladesh Freedom Honour ). (Gymnastics), Rakesh Kumar For the first time since its The award was meant to honour (Kabaddi), Tejaswini Bai (Kabaddi), inception 15 years ago, the Prem Indira Gandhi’s for her outstanding Rajpal Singh (Hockey), Sanjay Bhatia Awards for excellence in contributions to Bangladesh's Kumar (Volleyball), Sunil Chhetri political reporting and analysis, as Liberation War fought in 1971. (Football), Ravi Kumar well as that for excellence in During the tumultuous days of 1971, (Weightlifting), Ravindra Singh environmental reporting have been the great Indian leader Indira Gandhi (Wrestling), Suronjoy Singh shared by two journalists each. had taken a firm, principled stand to (Boxing), Jwala Gutta (Badminton), The award for political side with the oppressed people of Virdhaval Khade (Swimmimg), reporting goes to Josy Joseph of then East Pakistan. Under Indira Sandhya Rani Devi (Wushu), The Times of India for his Gandhi’s leadership India sheltered Somdev Devvarman (Tennis) and consistently fine reporting of the 10 million Bangladeshi war Prashant Karmakar (Disabled). scandals that have made headlines, refugees, lobbied for Bangladesh like the 2-G Spectrum allocation, Dhyan Chand Award, 2011 internationally, secured the release of Sheikh Mujib from a Pakistani jail Commonwealth Games and Adarsh Former India striker Shabbir as well as risked a war to hasten Housing Society scams. Ali, who took up full-time coaching Bangladesh’s freedom.The award Jyotirmoy Dey of Mid-Day after hanging up his boots, has included a 200 tola gold medal and shares the award posthumously for become the first footballer to get the a citation.Bangladesh President his superlative work all through his prestigious Dhyan Chand award as Zillur Rahman presented the award, career in exposing Mumbai's recognition for his lifetime the highest honour for any foreign underworld and corruption in the achievement in sports. The other national after 40 years of police and bureaucracy, and he had awardees are: Sushil Kohli Bangladesh's independence from to pay for that with his life. The two (Swimming) and Rajkumar Pakistan. winners of the environmental award (Wrestling) The award was received by are Madhuraj, chief news The Dhyan Chand Award is her daughter-in-law Sonia Gandhi photographer of Matrubhumi, for his India’s highest award for lifetime who visited Bangladesh at the vivid photographs that focused achievement in sports and was invitation of Sheikh Hasina. The national and international attention instituted in 2002. on the catastrophic consequences award recognised Indira Gandhi’s Dronacharya Award, 2011 of the use of endosulfan pesticide direct support, cooperation, her in Kerala, and G. Nirmala, who has Inukurthi Venkateshwara strong role and unique contribution written powerfully on the same Rao (Boxing), Devender Kumar to Bangladesh’s independence. subject in one of the publications of Rathore (Gymnastics), Shri Bangladesh set up the honours to Samakalika Malyalam Vaarike. Ramphal (Wrestling), Kuntal Roy decorate 47 foreigners who helped (Athletics) and Rajinder Singh the country during its struggle for Rajiv Gandhi Khel (Hockey) have been given the independence and mark the 40th Ratna award, 2011 award. anniversary of its achievement. Dronacharya Award is an Ace Indian shooter Gagan award presented by the government Mphasis Universal Narang has been conferred India’s of India for excellence in sports Design Awards 2011 highest sporting honour. coaching. The award comprises a The National Centre for Arjuna Awards, 2011 bronze statuette of Dronacharya, a Promotion of Empowerment of Arjuna Awards were scroll of honour and a cash Disabled People (NCPEDP) in

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 4 association with AccessAbility and recently, compared with the record on daily basis, she said. To control BarrierBreak Technologies low of 4.13 million sq km in 2007, air pollution in Delhi, air ambience announced the winners of the whereas the minimum ice extent in fund has been created by imposing NCPEDP-Mphasis Universal the early 1970s was 7 million square a fee of Rs 0.25 per litre of diesel Design Awards-2011 in July km. sale in Delhi, she added. 2011.The awards honour For promotion of vehicles organisations and individuals for Delhi to have world- operated with clean fuel, the their exemplary work in promoting class institute on government is giving subsidy to the cause of accessibility for the climate change battery operated vehicles from air disabled. The awards are given out Delhi will soon have a world- ambience fund, Dikshit said. in three categories -- persons with class institute that will impart training Impact of Climate disabilities, working professionals, to people and chalk out strategies Change on Agriculture and companies and organisations to curb the effects of climate change, on the eve of Independence Day (15 CM Sheila Dikshit said. The Indian Council for August).The Awards will cover Replying to a short duration Agriculture Research (ICAR) accessibility in the following fields: discussion on environment in New initiated a project titled “Impact, Built Environment, Transport, Delhi on Thursday, Dikshit said her Adaptation and Vulnerability of Information and Communication government has decided to set up Indian Agriculture to Climate Technology, Services and Aids and Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Change” in 2004 to study the impact Appliances. Combating Climate Change at of climate change and global

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 "The institute will come up in fishery etc. 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890ISSUES the campus of Mahatma Gandhi The Government has The Total Volume of Institute of Integrated Rural Energy prepared the National Mission for Arctic Sea Ice Fell to a Planning and Development which is Sustainable Agriculture under National Action Plan on Climate Record Low in 2010 presently under utilised," she said. Noting that multi-pronged Change. The Mission identifies 10 The total volume of Arctic strategies are needed to control key dimensions for promoting sea ice fell to a record low in 2010, pollution in the city which has 65 sustainable agriculture practices according to a new study. Scientists lakhs vehicles, she said her which will be realized by at the Polar Science Center of the government was also looking for a implementing a Programme of University of Washington estimated technology to generate energy from Actions that covers both adaptation that last year broke the previous the waste. "The number of vehicles and mitigation measures through 2007 record for the minimum is much more than number of total four functional areas, namely volume of ice, which is calculated vehicles in other metro cities Research & Development, from a combination of sea ice area together," she said. Technology Products & Practices, and thickness. Around 8,000 metric tonne Infrastructure and Capacity Building Axel Schweiger of University garbage is being generated in Delhi and sponsored research. In of Washington, led the study. According to the scientists, ice Projects in Eco-Sensitive Areas volume is now plunging faster than it did at the same time last year when The Ministry of Environment and Forests has issued the the record was set. The Arctic sea Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification in September, 2006 ice area fell below 4.6 million sq km mandating prior environmental clearance for developmental projects and activities as detailed in the Schedule to this Notification. The project proponents are required to undertake preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Reports, based on the Terms of Reference, for appraisal of the project for the environmental clearance.The Notification further prescribes under General ndition the procedure for consideration of projects within 10 kms. from the boundary of notified Eco-Sensitive Areas and Protected Areas, notified under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 5 addition, a new scheme namely billion devices will access the “National Initiative on Climate Internet. By then, online traffic will Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)” has reach a zettabyte or ‘one million mil- been launched in year 2011 to lion billion bytes’. enhance resilience of Indian Intel foresees that soon com- agriculture against climate change. panies will have to develop data As per the Greenhouse Gas centres with smaller footprint, which Emission Inventory 2007 published are at the same time secure and under the aegis of Indian Network energy-efficient. According to the for Climate Change Assessment company, their new technology will (INCCA), agriculture sector cater to this necessity and will help contributes to 17% of the net green companies to deploy cloud faster house gas emissions from India in than ever before. 2007. The “Cloud Vision 2015”, ICAR and different State Intel’s futuristic vision, anticipates an Agriculture Universities have been environment where cloud data cen- evolving technologies to reduce tres are seamlessly and securely emissions from agriculture sector connected, fully automated “with without compromising the food grain little or no human interaction and based on inputs received from production. These tchnologies client-aware” providing secure ac- Oceansat-2 launched two years include improved irrigation cess and optimal experience across ago. management techniques, cultivation a range of devices, from Japanese ‘K’ Com- of aerobic rice, System of Rice smartphones to notebooks. puter Intensification (SRI) and use of neem-coated urea. Sriharikota to be an The Fujitsu-designed K assembling hub 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Computer, was recently announced 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 The Indian Space Research the winner of the biannual Top 500 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 (ISC) held in Hamburg. It is three 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Space Centre at Sriharikota into a 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890TECHNOLOGY 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 centre for assembling satellites and times faster on the Linpack high-per- 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 rockets in the near future. formance computing (HPC) bench- Intel develops world’s “Our vision is a quantum mark than last winner, the Tianhe- smallest data centre jump in satellites and launch ve- Chip maker Intel is showing hicles to be dealt with in future years. World’s First Double off what they are calling the world’s The space port in Sriharikota should Leg Transplant smallest data centre. Dubbed as further develop into an area where “Cloud-in-a-Box” system, the Intel the industries in India working for Doctors in Spain unit is designed to be used as a space would come together, as- performed on 15 July 2011 the demonstration tool to illustrate the semble satellites and rockets there world’s first double-leg power and efficiencies of cloud com- and move to the launch pad,” ISRO transplant, giving two new legs puting. Intel is powering the unit with Chairman K. Radhakrishnan said. to a man whose legs were Xeon processors, but they are also He was addressing a meet- severed in an accident.The man promoting several other security and ing after the inauguration of the lost both of his legs above the optimisation technologies like Intel Oceansat-2 ground station at the knee in an accident and the AES New Instructions for more effi- Indian National Centre for Ocean attempts to fit him with artificial cient encryption, Intelligent Power Information Services (INCOIS) in limbs were not successful.Pedro Node Manager to better control Hyderabad recently. Cavadas of La Fe hospital in power needs for increased server ISRO and INCOIS were Valencia performed the density and Intel's Virtualisation working together in the area of en- operation. He is the first doctor Technology. vironment and climate monitoring, in the world to successfully Intel anticipates that by 2015, he said, adding that INCOIS was transplant a jaw and a new 2.5 billion people with more than 15 sending forecast to coastal areas tongue while doing a face transplant. Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 6 1A. K Computer is capable of over Adviser to PM on Public Information, environment by 2015. The group is eight quadrillion calculations per Infrastructure and Innovation and set up jointly by the Planning Com- second with an Rmax score of 8.16 Nandan Nilekani, Chairman, UIDAI. mission and Ministry of Environ- petaflops. This makes it more pow- The HLC has already held 3 meet- ment. The panel will also include erful than the next five systems in ings and has initiated steps to put distinguished economists Nitin the top 10 combined. Unlike previ- the implementation on a fast track. Desai, Vijay Kelkar and Kirit Parikh. ous winners, K Computer does not A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) will The committee has been mandated use graphical processing units assume the responsibility for execu- to evaluate the environmental and (GPUs), such as those made by tion of the project after approval of ecological implications of high GDP Nvidia, nor does it use x86 proces- the scheme by the cabinet. The SPV growth on ecology and biodiversity. sors from Intel and AMD; instead, it will be finally owned by the Govern- is based on Fujitsu- designed Sparc ment/USOF. The BSNL has been Largest water mass processors. entrusted with the task of undertak- Two teams of astronomers K Computer is based at the ing the preparatory activity for has discovered the largest and independent Riken research lab in project execution and establishment farthest reservoir of water ever Japan. Riken caries out research in of the SPV. detected in the universe. The water, physics, chemistry, medical science, equivalent to 140 trillion times all the Green Growth biology and engineering. It needs to water in the world’s ocean, be noted here that Japan was last The government of India re- surrounds a huge, feeding black home to the world’s most powerful cently announced the setting up of hole, called a quasar, more than 12 Top 500 system in 2004, with the 36- a high-level expert group to assess billion light-years away. A quasar is teraflop Earth Simulator. In the new the impact of economic growth on powered by an enormous black hole Top 500 list, Tianhe-1A of China environment. The expert group has that steadily consumes a came second and US Oak Ridge been constituted under environment surrounding disk of gas and dust. National Lab’s Jaguar came third. economist Partha Dasgupta to pro- As it eats, the quasar spews out vide a roadmap for Green National huge amounts of energy. Both National Optical Fibre Accounting System (GNA) to evalu- groups of astronomers studied a Network ate impact of economic growth on particular quasar called APM The Telecom Commission has recommeneded the Scheme for First renewable energy-based mini-grid creation of National Optical Fiber system Network (NOFN) for providing Broadband connectivity to On Jluy 1, 2011, a renewable energy-based smart mini-grid Panchayats. The objective of the system, the first of its kind in the country, was formally commissioned scheme is to extend initially the ex- on the campus of The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) in Gurgaon. isting optical fiber network which The system, which uses advanced digital and control techniques, extends upto districts HQ's/Block has been designed and developed by TERI, with support from the Union HQ's level upto the Gram Panchayat Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and others. level by utilizing Universal Service A smart mini-grid is an intelligent electricity distribution network, Obligation Fund (USOF) .The cost operating at or below 11KV, to provide electricity to a community. The of the initial phase of the NOFN smart mini-grids use advanced sensing, communication and control scheme is likely to be in the region technologies to generate, manage, distribute and utilise electricity at of RS 20,000 crore. Similar amount the local distribution levels more intelligently and effectively. The system of investment is likely to be made intelligently manages and balances multiple loads through inter- by private sector complementing the connected energy resources, providing rapid responses to network NOFN infrastructure while providing disturbances, minimising outages and preventing black-outs. The services to individual users. A High electricity is supplied by a diverse range of Distributed Energy Resources Level Committee (HLC) to steer and (DERs) and typically include small conventional generators such as coordinate all activities related to the diesel gensets, and/or a range of renewable generators such as solar creation and implementation of PV, micro-hydro power plants, wind turbines, biomass etc. NOFN was earlier constituted by These smart mini-grids can be wisely used to strengthen the DOT on 26th April 2011 under the country’s electricity sector and also enhance the performance of rural Co- Chairmanship of Sam Pitroda, electricity supply systems.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 7 08279+5255, which harbours a Haemolytic uremic syndrome is with Earth and blasted out a mass black hole 20 billion times more more common in children. It can of molten debris that eventually massive than the sun and produces cause acute renal failure in children. cooled into the moon. as much energy as a thousand This problem starts about 5 to 10 In fact, the moon is a series trillion suns. Astronomers expected days after the diarrhoea starts. of lumps within lumps. Even as it water vapour to be present even in Recent Outbreak of E. was congealing, it did so unevenly, the early, distant universe, but had with scattered areas of high density coli: not detected it this far away before. that senologists labeled mascons — There’s water vapour in the Milky A new strain of E. coli for mass concentrations. The Way, although the total amount is containing gens from two distinct highlands and plains are made of 4,000 times less than in the quasar, groups of enters aggregative E. coli differing materials too. Higher local because most of the Milky Way’s (EAEC) and enter haemorrhagic E. density means stronger local gravity, water is frozen in ice. Water vapour coli (EHEC) has hit European which can not only wreak havoc on is an important trace gas that reveals nations. This outbreak of E. coli precisely calibrated spacecraft orbits the nature of the quasar. In this linked to contaminated salad but can also reveal a lot about the particular quasar, the water vapour vegetables had caused at least 22 innards and the history of the moon is distributed around the black hole deaths and hundreds of infections itself — provided you know how to in a gaseous region spanning in Germany, Sweden and other read those gravitational flutters. hundreds of light-years in size. Its countries. NASA is preparing to do just that, 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 is unusually warm and dense by 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 to deepen our understanding of 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890RESEARCH 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 astronomical standards. 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Earth's closest neighbor. The GRAIL spacecraft, E. coli Infection NASA's GRAIL Mission: which launched on Sept. 10, is E. coli stands for Escherichia Studying the Moon actually two spacecraft, each about coli — bacteria (germs) that cause from Crust to Core the size of a washing machine. severe cramps and diarrhoea. E. coli You can get as poetic about Named, prosaically enough, GRAIL- is a leading cause of bloody the moon as you want — and A and GRAIL-B, they were lofted diarrhoea. The symptoms are worse everyone from lovers to lyricists to aboard the same booster and then in children and older people, and astronauts has had a go at it. But released in space for separate but especially in people who have the fact is, the thing's a lump — closely coordinated flights to the another illness. E. coli infection is beautiful, to be sure, but a lump all moon. more common during the summer the same, created more than 4 A translunar journey typically months and in northern states. billion years ago when a Mars-size takes less than three days, but the Symptoms of E. coli Infec- planetesimal whizzed by, collided GRAIL ships will exceed that by just tion: (a) bad stomach cramps and belly pain. (b) Vomiting. (c) Diarrhoea, sometimes with blood in it. Complications related to E. coli: The most common complication is called haemolytic uremic syndrome. People with this problem get haemolytic anaemia (which is a low red blood cell count), thrombocytopenia (which is a low platelet count) and renal failure (which is kidney damage).

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 8 a bit — not arriving until New Year's for the roundabout translunar route been with ISRO for over two Eve in the case of GRAIL-A and New was so that scientists could measure decades, were involved in crucial Year's Day in the case of GRAIL-B. the wind precisely and correct for it tasks undertaken before declaring Rather than covering the 239,000- as the data is analyzed. the satellite fully operational. mi. (385,000 km) distance from the Assuming the mission Earth to the moon in a straight, as- achieves what it's designed to Oceansat-2 ground the-crow-flies shot, the ships will achieve, the GRAILs will do more station inaugurated in follow a looping, 2.5-million-mi. (4 than reveal new insights about the Hyderabad million km) trajectory. The longer innards of the moon and the origins A state-of-the-art Oceansat- route and slower speed allow the of the solar system. They will also 2 ground station was inaugurated on spacecraft to carry less fuel and help NASA select promising sites for September 12 by Union Minister ensure that when they do arrive at future lunar landings. Such Vilasrao Deshmukh at the Indian the moon they can be inserted into ambitious future missions, of course, National Centre for Ocean orbit more precisely — and precision require both funding and Information Services (INCOIS) at is everything when it comes to the programmatic clarity that are Hyderabad. GRAILs. nowhere in evidence at the moment. The Department of Space During the three months the But in the event policymakers ever and INCOIS established the ground ships will spend actively studying the do set their sights moonward again, station to receive and process data moon — from early March to late GRAIL will help tell them precisely from Ocean Colour Monitor on- May — they will maintain a distance where to aim. board the Indian Remote Sensing of 100 to 225 km (62 to 140 mi.), T.K. Anuradha, Satellite Oceansat-2 in real time. depending on what part of the lunar The Oceansat-2 ground Pramodha Hegde & anatomy they're surveying. A station, fitted with a 7.5 m diameter tracking system aboard the ships will K.S. Anuradha antenna, could cover an area of measure any change in range For the first time in the history 5,000 km diameter circle, covering between the two within a difference of the Indian Space Research the Bay of Bengal on the east and of a few microns — or about the size Organisation, three senior women the Arabian Sea on the west, a note of a red blood cell. And that shifting scientists monitored and carried out issued by INCOIS on the occasion distance is exactly what the crucial manoeuvres of the said. The ground station consists of scientists will be looking for. Flying communication satellite GSAT-12 various sub-systems like antenna over a mascon will be like driving which was launched on July 22, and feed system, radio frequency over a speed bump, jolting the two 2011. Project Director of GSAT-12 and tracking, base band, ships and causing them to shake a T.K. Anuradha, Mission Director automation, modulation and de- bit relative to each other. The denser Pramodha Hegde and Operations modulation systems, direct archival the mass concentration — and the Director K.S. Anuradha, who have and quick—look browsing and bigger the gravity jolt — the greater the degree of disruption will be. 25th nuclear power plant "We'll use the moon's gravity to tell us what's inside the moon, all India is moving forward with nuclear power generation despite the way down to the core," says worldwide concerns about the safety of civilian nuclear power electricity principal investigator Maria Zuber of generation after the March disaster in Japan’s Fukushima complex. MIT. India recently began construction of its 25th atomic power plant and NASA is prepared for announced to build four more indigenous 700 MW units than planned glitches and false positives in the earlier. The first pour of concrete for the 700 MW indigenous Pressurized data. No unmanned spacecraft have Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), the seventh nuclear plant at the ever flown in such balletic tandem Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (RAPS), took place about 65 km from around another world, and flight Kota. RAPS currently operate six PHWRs at the facility, five of which planners will thus be refining their are producing more than 1,180 MW, India’s largest nuclear power navigational skills in real time. Even electrical generation from a single facility. The new complex will be the solar wind — the stream of RAPS’ seventh nuclear power plant built at the Rajasthan site. The charged particles that flow outward 700-megawatt PHWR was designed by NPCIL by scaling up the design from the sun — could disrupt the of its 540-megawatt PHWRs operating at Tarapur since 2005. The new readings. Indeed, one more reason RAPS facility is expected to be completed by 2016.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 9 Oceansat data production generation system. INCOIS said, the 7.5 meter diameter antenna system at the new ground station could also be used to receive data from satellites launched by ISRO in the future study of oceans. The chlorophyll data received from OCM at the ground station would be integrated with Sea Surface Temperature from NOAA satellites for providing the Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) advisory services. The Grail spacecraft launch “Trying to understand how The PFZ advisories at 9.08 am aboard a Delta II rocket the moon formed, and how it generated by INCOIS using from an Air Force base adjacent to evolved over its history, is one of the Oceansat-2 data advise fishermen NASA’s facilities at Cape Canaveral, things we’re trying to address with on the optimal locations for fishing. Florida. the Grail mission,” said researcher INCOIS said an estimated The blastoff had been Maria Zuber of the Massachusetts 65,000 users regularly access the postponed twice due to bad weather Institute of Technology. PFZ service, thereby benefiting by on September 8th and 9th. By measuring variations in gravity across the moon’s surface 60-70 per cent reduction in search The two small Grail over three months, scientists hope time for fish shoals and 2-3 times spacecraft - which are about the size to learn how the interior formed, increase in net profit. of washing machines - will fly in which should also provide general “The recent study, carried formation above the moon’s surface clues about how rocky planets form, out by National Council of Applied to map its gravity. Ms. Zuber said. Economic Research, on the socio— economic benefits of PFZ advisory services and ocean state forecasts, Atlantis Returns has estimated the net annual The 135th, and final, space-shuttle mission was completed benefits to be in the range of Rs recently with the safe return of Atlantis back to earth after making 34,000 to Rs 50,000 crore due to resupplies to the International Space Station and deliver an experiment scientific identification of PFZs intended to help develop a refuelling system for telecommunications based on satellite information,” satellites. The STS-135 crew consisted of Commander Chris Ferguson, INCOIS said. Pilot Doug Hurley, Mission Specialists Sandra Magnus and Rex Walheim. Andhra Pradesh Chief They delivered more than 9,400 pounds of spare parts, spare equipment Minister N Kiran Kumar Reddy, and other supplies in the Raffaello multi-purpose logistics module - ISRO chairman K Radhakrishnan, including 2,677 pounds of food - that will sustain space station operations Secretary in the Ministry of Earth for the next year. The 21- foot long, 15-foot diameter Raffaello brought Sciences Shailesh Nayak, Incois back nearly 5,700 pounds of unneeded materials from the station. Atlantis director Satheesh Shenoi and other will now become a museum piece, on display at the space centre. STS- officials were present on the 135 was the 33rd and final flight for Atlantis, which spent 307 days in occasion. space, orbited Earth 4,848 times and travelled 125,935,769 miles. The NASA launches twin end of the shuttle programme, which leaves America without the ability to launch people into orbit for the first time since 1962, has been the satellites bound for subject of much controversy between those who think manned space moon flight a waste of money and those who see space as the country’s Twin satellites blasted off manifest destiny and the final frontier of human exploration. Alternative aboard a rocket September 10 on a systems for launching humans, employing singleshot rockets, are under mission to unveil the inner secrets development by several American companies. In the meantime, American of the moon, the US space agency astronauts bound for the space station will have to hitch a lift with the NASA said. Russians.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890DEFENCE Talking about 25 Squadron, strategic missile, is capable of 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 popularly known as Himalayan carrying 10 warheads with a range Nod given to develop Eagle', he said it was formed on 1st of 8,000 km. Gujarat's Deesa March 1963 in the wake of 1962 The first test launch from the Airport as air base Chinese aggression in the Northern Yuri Dolgoruky was conducted on The Defence Ministry has Sector. June 28, 2011. Before that the approved a proposal to develop The unit, equipped with AN- missiles were fired from the Deesa Airport in North Gujarat as a 32 aircraft, has been adjudged the typhoon-class Dmitry Donskoy full fledged air base, a top IAF officer best transport unit in the IAF three submarine. said. times. The three-stage missile is "We had mooted this specifically designed for deployment Russia successfully on Borey class nuclear submarines. proposal to the Defence Ministry, test-launches ballistic which has granted approval. The missile first phase of the project will cost Project ‘SANGAM’ over Rs 3,000 crore," said A K Gogoi Russia on August 27 Commanding in Chief, South successfully test launched its Bulava A software project Western Air Command (SWAC). inter-continental ballistic missile to ‘SANGAM’ for defence Considering the strategic its maximum range of 8,000 km, in pensioners has been launched. importance of the airport, it was a boost to the country's defence The project ‘SANGAM’ will thought fit to develop a full-fledged capabilities. provide useful Management air base at Deesa, which is close to The missile was fired Information System (MIS) to the the Pakistani border, he told successfully by the White sea-based financial planners in the Ministry reporters after induction of 25 Russian nuclear submarine Yuri of Defence. Project ‘SANGAM’ is squadron at IAF station in Vadodara Dolgoruky, the Defence Ministry a software which will facilitate on Thursday. said. issuance of corrigendum pension The IAF base at Jodhpur will The successful launch of the have a permanent squadron of SU- Bulava came after a string of payment orders. This will address 30 fighter jets in the next couple of setbacks suffered by this the demand from the ex- years, he said. programme. servicemen for issue of individual Two squadrons armed with Only eight of its previous 15 corrigendum pension payment Akash, the medium range surface launches were officially declared order consequent to to-air missile, are set to be deployed successful. implementation of in Pune and Gwalior. "The regular launch of the recommendations of Sixth Six more squadrons will be missile was conducted at 7:20 am Central Pay Commission (6th deployed for checking any threat Moscow time from a submerged CPC). This software project is from China, Gogoi said. position from the regular carrier in one step forward from the project To a question on shortage of line with the state flight development aircraft, he said "IAF is expecting to tests at a maximum flight range of ‘SUVIGYA’ which was launched expand the fleet of its fighters after the missile," a defence ministry in October last year on the 2012. This will lead to increase in spokesman was quoted as saying occasion of Defence Account the number of squadrons." by Russian news agency Ria Department Day and is very "We are getting upgraded Novosti. popular among defence MIG aircraft from Russia. Five such The missile successfully pensioners. There are about 18 aircraft are expected to arrive soon," reached its target in the Pacific lakh defence pensioners who will he said. Ocean in accordance with the be benefitted with the launch of "SWAC is in the process of necessary shipping security project ‘SANGAM’ in the long run. strengthening surveillance by measures, the spokesman said. It will also help in grievance inducting a few state-of-the-art The successful test of the Medium Power Radars (MPRs)," missile was reported to President redressal of pensioners with Gogoi said. "The MPR has been Dmitry Medvedev by the defence regard to the correctness of developed with a view to detect minister Anatoly Serdyukov. payment of pension.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890SUMMITS/ 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Labour & Employment, Government building 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 of India has signed an Memorandum 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890CONFERENCES The impact of the building 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 of Understanding (MOU) with the 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 sector on climate change, European Commission to 5th India-EU Seminar sustainable construction and green strengthen dialogue and exchange on Employment and buildings will have to be on the top of views and information on issues Social Policy - of the agenda of the Rio+20 United of common interests within the area Occupational Safety & Nations Conference on Sustainable of employment and social policy Health’ Development, according to Mr Arab such as: skills, training and Hoballah, Chief, Sustainable The 5th India-EU seminar employment, social security, Consumption and Production on Employment and Social Policy - occupational health and safety; Branch, United Nations Occupational Safety & Health is workers’ participation in Environment Programme. commencing on Monday 19th,2011 management; and other relevant The world cannot afford to at Symposia Hall, Indian Council of issues jointly identified. The miss this opportunity as the built-up Agricultural Research, National structured dialogue consists of Agriculture Science Centre exchanges of experience, best (NASC)Complex, Dev Prakash practice, views and information on India Convenes Shastri Marg, New Delhi. The two topics of common interest, trends meeting of BRICS day seminar will be inaugurated and and policy developments related to Finance Ministers in chaired by Union Minister for the above areas. As a part of this Washington DC on Labour & Employment Shri structured dialogue, it has been September 22, 2011 Mallikarjun Kharge and be attended agreed upon to organize a joint The Union Finance by senior officials from the European seminar on mutually identified Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee Commission and from the member issues every year. These seminars said that India is convening a countries of European Union. will bring together EU and India meeting of BRICS Finance Ministers from some countries are government experts, social partner Ministers in Washington DC on also likely to attend the seminar. representatives, academic experts September 22, 2011 on the The senior representatives from and other relevant stakeholders to sidelines of the Fund-Bank and Workers’ organizations, Employers’ exchange views, information, G-20 Meetings. The Finance Organisation and senior officers experience and best practice on Minister said that we would from of various State Governments topics of common interest. explore the manner in which and Central Ministries/Departments As a result, the first Seminar BRICS could coordinate in of Govt. of India will also be on Skills Development and training addressing the evolving participating in the seminar. was held on 27-28 November, 2006 economic and financial situation The seminar will have four at New Delhi. The second seminar in the various countries of the sessions spread over two days in on social security and social world. The Finance Minister Shri which deliberations on the following protection was held on 17-18 Mukherjee said that the objective issues will be made : September, 2007 at Lisbon, of the meeting is to discuss our concerns regarding the current “Overview of OSH Portugal. The third Seminar on state of the Global Economy and Institutional Framework in India and “Employment Relations and our Policy Response. Shri the European Union”; “Effective and Resolution of Conflicts” was Mukherjee said that we will "Topical Issues in Occupational organized on 22nd & 23rd discuss the progress on the report Health Management" September, 2008 at New Delhi. The commissioned by India on the The seminar is in the 4th India-EU Seminar on the `Skills role that BRICS can play in the sequence of a Joint Action Plan and Jobs’, with a particular focus on global economy going forward, entered in between India and the impact of the global crisis and and also our role in the European Union (EU) to have a recovery was held in Brussels from international financial institutions policy dialogue and cooperation in 5th to 6th July, 2010. such as IMF and the World Bank.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 12 Rabi Conference 2011 The National Conference on Agriculture for Rabi Campaign-2011 will begin in New Delhi on Septem- ber 14. Strategy for the forthcoming rabi season will be deliberated upon and finalized during the two day Conference. Discussion on progress in sowing of crops during the current kharif season will also take place. Kharif assessment and rabi planning, possibility of additional space accounts for one-third of the cities. These two also have a direct areas under boro/summer rice, Green House Gas emissions impact on most of the other sectors pulses and wheat, procurement plan globally, and consumes nearly half the report deals with – agriculture, for ensuring timely supply of inputs the world's energy and resources. forest, manufacturing, tourism, to farmers and promotion of micro- At the Rio +20 UN transport, water and energy. nutrients are some of the important conference to secure renewed issues on the agenda of the Con- political commitment for sustainable Conference on Public ference. Centrally sponsored flag- development, the challenge of Private Partnership in ship schemes of the Ministry of Ag- creating a sustainable building National Highways riculture will also be discussed during the Conference. sector will have to be brought to the A Conference on “Public Pri- The Conference will be inau- fore. The opportunity was missed vate Partnership (PPP) in National gurated by Shri Sharad Pawar, Min- out earlier and does not figure in the Highways: Challenges and Opportu- ister of Agriculture and Food Pro- Kyoto Protocol because of the lack nities” organized by the Ministry of cessing Industries. of awareness two decades back on Road Transport & Highways with the The Conference will be at- this issue. assistance of the Planning Commis- tended by Senior Officers of State Addressing the International sion concluded in New Delhi at Sep- Agriculture Departments, experts Green Building Conference 2011 tember 12. The one-day conference and representatives of the con- organised by the Building and was inaugurated by the Prime Minis- cerned ministries, scientists from Construction Authority, a Singapore ter, Dr. Manmohan Singh. The Union ICAR, other research institutes and Government body that regulates Minister for Road Transport & High- crop directorates. real estate development, he said, a ways, Dr. C. P. Joshi gave a broad multipronged approach is needed in overview of the “Vision Ahead” of the Twenty-Second World the form of multilateral agreements, Ministry and the Deputy Chairman of Mining Congress economic and fiscal incentives and Planning Commission, Dr. Montek regulatory regimes. Singh Ahluwalia delivered the key- Twenty-Second World Population growth and note address. The Ministers of State Mining Congress and Expo was held economic development are driving for RT&H, Shri Jitin Prasada and Dr. at Istanbul, Turkey between 11-16 the demand for buildings with the Tusharbhai A. Choudhary also ad- September 2011. World Mining major growth regions being China, dressed the inaugural session. Congress & Expo is a unique Asia, Latin America and Africa. By opportunity for companies and 2030 more than 80 per cent of the manufactures to showcase their population will be living in cities latest achievements and equipment where housing will be needed for technologies to a wide audience three billion people. The UNEP especially to green economic report released in those February looks at the investments officials and needed to make the process of specialists development sustainable. Two of the from all over 11 chapters deal with buildings and the world.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890ECONOMY Cooperation Agreement (CECA) environment where applications 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890GLOSSARY access in Malaysian markets. regard for any particular 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 3. Further, the CCEA would facilitate configuration. Thus Cloud India and Malaysia FTA temporary movement of computing is a paradigm for large- business people, including scale distributed computing that The free trade agreement contractual service suppliers makes use of existing technologies (FTA) between India and Malaysia and independent professionals such as virtualization, service- has come into force from July 1, in accounting, architecture, orientation, and grid computing. It 2011. The Indian Government has engineering services, medical offers a different way to acquire and assured that sensitive sectors like and dental, nursing and manage IT resources on a large agriculture, fisheries, textiles, pharmacy, computer services scale. A simple example of cloud chemicals and automobiles have and management consulting. computing is webmail. The webmail been given protection from imports 4. It has been expected that the provider maintains the server space without duty or with significant cuts. agreement will also help boost and provides access; the webmail India-Malaysia CECA is India’s crossborder investment user just plugs a web address into a fourth bilateral Comprehensive between the two countries, browser and submits user Economic Cooperation Agreement, which achieved bilateral trade of information to access an account. after Singapore, South Korea and USD 10 billion in the fiscal year Japan. The India-Malaysia CECA Benefits of the Cloud of 2010-11, an increase of 26 per also facilitates cross-border Computing: cent from the previous year. With investments between the two the implementation of this (a) Reduced cost: Cloud computing countries. It aims to promote agreement the bilateral trade is can reduce both capital expense investments and create a liberal, likely to touch US$15 billion by and operating expense costs facilitative, transparent and 2015. because resources are only competitive investment regime. The acquired when needed and are CECA creates an attractive Cloud Computing only paid for when used. operating environment for the (b) Refined usage of personnel: Cloud computing is a business communities of both Using cloud computing frees comprehensive solution that countries to increase bilateral trade valuable personnel allowing delivers IT as a service. It is an and investment. them to focus on delivering value Internet-based computing solution rather than maintaining Benefits: where shared resources are hardware and software. 1. This FTA is likely to provide provided like electricity distributed (c) Robust scalability: Cloud greater opportunity to Indian on the electrical grid. Computers in computing allows for immediate professionals professionals in the cloud are configured to work scaling, either up or down, at any commercially meaningful together and the various time without long-term sectors including accounting and applications use the collective commitment. auditing, architecture, urban computing power as if they are planning, engineering services, running on a single system. The Global economic medical and dental, nursing and flexibility of cloud computing is a growth to slow down pharmacy, Computer and function of the allocation of to 3.1% in 2011: Related Services (CRS), and resources on demand. This UNCTAD Management Consulting facilitates the use of the system’s Services to have access to the cumulative resources, negating the Projecting a slowdown in key South-East Asian nation and need to assign specific hardware to global economic growth in 2011 to render their services to them. a task. Before cloud computing, around 3 per cent, compared to 2. Besides that like basmati rice, websites and server-based almost 4 per cent last year, a UN mangoes, eggs, trucks, applications were executed on a agency said developing economies motorcycles and cotton specific system. With the advent of could be affected by recession in garments, will attract lower or no cloud computing, resources are developed nations. "The pace of duty in Malaysia with the used as an aggregated virtual global economic recovery has been slowing down in 2011... This year, Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 14 Government has decided to provide appropriate banking facilities to habitations having population in excess of 2000 (as per 2001 census) by March, 2012. Accordingly, 73,000 such habitations across the country have been identified and allocated to Public Sector Banks, Regional Rural Banks, Private Sector Banks and Cooperative Banks for extending banking services by using the world Gross Domestic Product external risks because of economic services of Business (GDP) is expected to grow by 3.1 weakness in the developed Correspondents and other models, per cent, compared to 3.9 per cent economies and a lack of significant with appropriate technology back up in 2010," the United Nations reforms in international financial by March, 2012. Conference on Trade and markets," UNCTAD said. According to Dr. Rangarajan Development said in a report It said that emerging Committee Report on Financial released. economies remain vulnerable to Inclusion (2008), the reach of rural It said the developing trade and financial shocks that could cooperatives in terms of number of economies have sustained their strongly affect volume of their clients and accessibility is better but strong growth path, despite the exports and the prices of primary the health of a very large population recent global downturn, mainly due commodities, as happened in 2008. of rural credit cooperatives has to domestic demand. The report said that growth deteriorated significantly. RBI "However, they must face in US is likely to remain low on guidelines on KYC (Know Your financial instability and speculative account of low domestic demand, Customer) are similar to both capital flows generated in developed stagnating wages and employment Commercial Banks and Urban economies and would not be spared and low interest rates. Cooperative Banks. by a new recession in the North," The debt crisis, along with Primary Agriculture UNCTAD's Trade and Development spreading fiscal austerity, is also Cooperative Societies (PACS) Report 2011 (TDR 2011) said. expected to act as a drag on the affiliated to District Central Projecting a slowdown in global growth. Cooperative Banks and State global economic growth in 2011, According to the TDR 2011, Cooperative Banks were having a UNCTAD said private demand alone trade remains an area of concern, deposit base of Rs.26,245 crore as is not sufficient to maintain especially for the richer nations. on 31.3.2009 that increased to momentum of recovery due to high "In 2011, the volume of Rs.35,286 crore as on 31.3.2010 unemployment and stagnant wages international trade is expected to registering an increase of 34.45%. in many countries. return to single-digit from 14 per cent The loans issued by such Primary While developing economies in 2010, particularly in developed Societies (PACS) were of the order are expected to regain the pre-crisis economies. Recovery of trade has of Rs.58,787 crore as on 31.3.2009 growth rate of 6 per cent this year, been faster in developing than in and Rs.74,938 crore as on growth in developed economies is developed economies," it said. 31.3.2010 registering an increase expected to be between only 1.5-2 27.47% over the previous year. per cent, it said. Financial Inclusion Regarding South Asia, of Necessary for New set of coins and which India is a part, UNCTAD said Inclusive Growth Rs 10 notes the region is likely to be among the best performers with a growth of 7 Financial inclusion is On July 8, 2011, Finance per cent in 2011. necessary for inclusive growth. To Minister Pranab Mukherjee "Although growth in extend the reach of banking to those launched a new set of coins and Rs developing countries has become outside the formal banking system, 10 notes bearing the rupee symbol. more and more dependent on the the Union Finance Minister Shri With this India became the second expansion of domestic markets, Pranab Mukherjee in his Budget country after England to have its these countries face significant Speech 2010-11 had stated that the currency symbol printed on its notes.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 State (I/C) for Women & Child comprehensive study on ‘Girls and 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890PROGRAMMES 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Development Smt. Krishna Tirath Women in Prostitution’, conducted stated in Lok Sabha that the in 2004, which was sponsored by Janani Shishu Scheme is envisaged for women the Ministry of Women and Child Suraksha Karyakaram and children who are vulnerable to Development, had estimated that UPA chairperson Sonia trafficking and those who are victims there were about 2.8 million Gandhi recently unveiled the of trafficking for commercial sexual prostitutes in the country of which Janani-Shishu Suraksha Karyakram exploitation. However, sex workers 36% are children. — an ambitious national healthcare who are voluntarily in the trade and It is to be noted here that the programme aimed at providing free wish to be rehabilitated, can also Hon’ble Supreme Court vide its child delivery and neonatal care avail of rehabilitation services services across the country. order dated 14.2.2011 had asked provided under the Ujjawala Inaugurated at Mandikhera village the State and Central Governments Scheme. located in the relatively backward to prepare schemes for rehabilitation The Minister informed the and predominantly Muslim Haryana of sex workers in all cities in India House that under the Scheme, 76 district of Mewat, the scheme is by giving them technical/vocational Protective and Rehabilitative Homes expected to bring safe medical training. Subsequently, vide order services to more than one crore rural have been sanctioned, in the dated 19.7.2011, the Hon’ble Court and urban families every year. This country, which can accommodate has a Panel which will make suitable scheme will give right to all pregnant upto 3800 beneficiaries. These women to have free delivery in Rehabilitative Homes are given suggestions to the Court on different government health organisations. It financial support for providing the aspects including rehabilitation of is here underlined that the ambitious inmates basic amenities such as sex workers who wish to leave sex scheme of the Centre, to be food, clothing and shelter, medical work. The Court has asked the implemented under the National care, legal aid, education in case the Panel to first take up the problems Rural Health Mission (NRHM), has victims are children as well as for of sex workers in the 4 metropolitan been patterned on the Haryana undertaking vocational training and cities i.e. Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai Government’s scheme “Janani income generation activities to and Chennai. The Panel has met Suraksha Yojana”, and would cost provide the victims with alternate three times to discuss the issues Rs 1100 crore per month. Under the livelihood option. programme, expecting mothers before it. would get care and treatment, including medicines, food and Rural Business Hubs Scheme testing facilities free of cost in all Since the inception of the Central Sector Scheme of Rural Busi- government hospitals and ness Hubs (RBHs) in 2007-08, the Government has released a total of dispensaries, she said. They would Rs. 540.45 lakh upto the period 2011-12 for the Scheme. Rs. 86.17 also be provided, if needed, blood lakhs was released for the period 2010-11. For the period 2011-12, 13.32 and transport facility to the hospital lakhs has been released till date. for delivery free of cost, and the The Ministry of Panchayati Raj has been implementing a Central mother-child duo would be Sector Scheme of RBHs for promoting manufacturing of products using transported back home. raw materials / skills available in the rural areas. The scheme works on Rehabilitation of Sex a 4P (Public-Private-Panchayat-Partnership) model and is applicable in Workers all the BRGF districts and all the districts in the North-Eastern Region. Setting up of RBHs is primarily done through convergence of resources The Central Government is from various ongoing schemes. Assistance under the RBH Scheme is implementing ‘Ujjawala’, a available for professional support services, training/skill development comprehensive Scheme for and for purchase of minor equipment. RBH is a demand driven scheme prevention of trafficking and rescue, and, therefore, no targets can be fixed under the Scheme. There is no rehabilitation and reintegration of State-wise allocation of funds. The financial assistance is provided to victims of trafficking for commercial the Implementing Agencies in two installments keeping in view the vi- sexual exploitation since 4th ability of their projects and proper utilization of the funds released.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890REPORTS output pillars (measuring actual 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 achievements in innovation). It Global Innovation added that five pillars constitute the Index 2011 Innovation Input Sub-Index: ‘Institutions,’ ‘Human capital and India has continued to research,’ ‘Infrastructure’, ‘Market deteriorate in the index as it has sophistication’ and ‘Business slipped to 62nd position in the 2011 sophistication’. The Innovation edition of the Global Innovation Output Sub-Index is comprised two Index rankings from being 56th in pillars: ‘Scientific outputs’ and 2010 and 41st in 2009. India has ‘Creative outputs’. The Innovation performed poorly on the Input side Efficiency Index, calculated as the at ranked 87th: India is in the last ratio of the two Sub-Indices, quintile on sub-pillars business examines how economies leverage environment, elementary education, their enabling environments to tertiary education, and knowledge stimulate innovation results. range of regulatory areas is far more workers. In the Innovation Efficiency important to these networks than Index, India however improved its World Trade Report further reductions in already low ranking to 9th this year. It was 2011 tariffs. followed by Sri Lanka (82), Bangladesh (97), and Pakistan The WTO and preferential WTO projects that the (105). The 2011 rankings were by trade agreements: From world trade will grow 6.5 the leading international business co-existence to coher- per cent by volume in school INSEAD and its knowledge ence: 2011: partners, Alcatel-Lucent, Booz & The ever-growing number of The latest report of the WTO Company, the Confederation of preferential trade agreements has projected that the world trade Indian Industry, and the World (PTAs) is a prominent feature of will grow by 6.5 percent this year, Intellectual Property Organisation international trade. The World Trade which is above the average rate (WIPO). Switzerland has been Report 2011 describes the historical between 1990 and 2008 of 6 regarded as ranked one ahead of development of PTAs and the percent, but if fails short of last year’s Sweden, Singapore, Hong Kong current landscape of agreements. It dramatic rebound. The WTO and Finland. The other major examines why PTAs are maintains that the growth in countries are; US (7), China (29), established, their economic effects, merchandise trade in 2010 as Brazil (47) and Russia (56). and the contents of the agreements measured by volume of exports was The Global Innovation Index themselves. Finally it considers the 14.5 percent, revised up from its has been computed as an average interaction between PTAs and the previous forecast of 13.5 percent. of the scores across inputs pillars multilateral trading system. According to the latest report of the UN Millennium WTO accumulated trade opening — at the multilateral, regional and Development Goals unilateral level — has reduced the Report scope for offering preferential tariffs According to the UN under PTAs. As a result, only a small Millennium Development Goals fraction of global merchandise trade Report, as many as 320 million receives preferences, and people in India and China are preferential tariffs are becoming less expected to come out of extreme important in PTAs. The report poverty by 2015, while India’s highlights the fact that global poverty rate is projected to drop production networks have promoted to 22%, from 55% in 1990. Those the emergence of these “deep” living on less than $1.25 a day are PTAs as good governance on a considered extremely poor.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 17 Developing country’ trade as comprehensive report, the Asian measured by exports growth is Development Bank has referred to projected to grow by 9.5 percent, these seven countries as the driving while that of developed countries is engines for the re-emergence of the set to grow only 4.5 percent. entire Asia. According to the India is 10th top services estimates, around 3.1 billion total populations were living in these exporter: seven Asian nations in the year According to the latest report 2010. This population makes 78 per of the WTO, India has achieved 10th cent of the entire population living rank in export of services worldwide, in Asia. In 2010, these seven while emerged as the 20th biggest countries were generating around $ merchandise exporter in 2010. In 14.2 trillion gross domestic product. value terms last year, India exported services and merchandise worth World Competitiveness USD 110 billion and USD 216 billion Rankings 2011 Environment Programme (UNEP). respectively. India’s goods exports India has slipped one rank, The report, “Forests in a Green went up by 31 per cent in 2010, to 32nd position in overall Economy: A Synthesis”, examines helping the country to expand its competitiveness among 59 nations, the role of forests in a green market share to 1.4 per cent from 1.2 economy, and provides policy according to the latest ‘World per cent in 2009. According to the recommendations to adjust the Competitiveness Rankings’, report, China ranked first in terms of forest sector in such a way that it announced by the International merchandise exports followed by the can effectively contribute to Institute for Management US and Germany. In services export, sustainable development and Development, Lausanne poverty eradication. the US is on the top slot followed by (Switzerland). The recovery of The report further highlights Germany and UK. financial markets pushed the US that right kind of enabling policies, Asian Development and Hong Kong to first place, such as investment equivalent to Bank Economic Report followed by last year’s topper, about 2/3 more than what is spent Singapore, which fell to third spot. on the sector today, could help in 2011 removing an extra 28 per cent of In 2010, the US and Hong Kong carbon from the atmosphere, thus The Asian Development ranked second and third, Bank (ADB) has released its playing a key role in combating respectively. India’s neighbouring climate change. The report further economic report on Asian competitor, China, also slipped one highlights that more than a billion economies titled as ‘Asia 2050 - rank, to 19th and Japan went up one people around the world depend on Realizing the Asian Century’, saying rank to 26th slot. Though India’s forests for incomes and that by the year 2050, over 45 per ranking is below the midway mark, employment. Forests are also a cent of the entire world’s gross it still did better than Indonesia (37) major source to provide nutrition and domestic product (GDP) will be Philippines (41), Brazil (44) and diminish energy scarcity. Besides, contributed by seven Asian nations. Russia (49). Sharply different trends forests serve as carbon sinks, regulate water cycles and contribute According to the report, Asia’s rise were observed in India’s ranking in to the world biodiversity. Thus we will be led by China, India, four major parameters. Indonesia, Japan, the Republic of can convincingly say that economic progress and human well-being are Korea, Malaysia, and Thailand. In UNEP Report 2011 dependent on healthy forests. this exclusively prepared “Investing an additional US$40 billion a year or 0.034 per World Investment cent of global Gross Domestic Report 2011 Product (GDP) in the forestry sector The UNCTAD's World could halve deforestation rates by Investment Report (WIR) 2011, the 2030, increase rates of tree planting FDI inflow to India has taken a by around 140 per cent by 2050, and nosedive. In this regard, India catalyse the creation of millions of position has come down from eighth new jobs,” says a new report rank in 2009 to the 14th rank in the launched by the United Nations top-20 league for global FDI inflows

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 not taken to implement those laws. 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890SECTOR 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 The “paradox” confronted by the 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 report is that despite the recent and Marginal Standing rapid expansion of women’s legal Facility Scheme entitlements, what is written in the statute books does not always The Reserve Bank of India translate into real progress on (RBI) has introduced a new Marginal equality and justice on the ground. Standing Facility (MSF) scheme, The report looks at which countries which was announced to be imple- have passed special legislation on mented in its Monetary Policy for the women’s political rights and year 2011-12. Under the new facil- economic opportunities and on ity, banks will borrow overnight up women’s reproductive health and to 1 per cent of net demand and time in 2010. As per the report, India's rights. It looks at which countries liabilities (NDTL) outstanding at the FDI inflows in 2008 stood at $42.5 have laws against domestic end of the second preceding fort- billion. This had come down to $35.6 violence, sexual harassment and night. The MSF will be 100 basis billion in 2009 and $24.64 billion in marital rape. It catalogues data on points above the repo rate – the rate 2010. India attracted FDI worth USD development indicators related to at which banks borrow from RBI. It 25 billion last year, much lower than women, and looks country-by- needs to be noted that the repo rate the inflows of USD 36 billion seen in country at women’s participation in has now become the only indepen- 2009. Whereas United States with politics. dent variable policy rate, marking a shift from earlier method of calibrat- $228 billion has topped the list; Major Highlights of the China stood at 2nd position with ing various policy rates separately. Report: inflows totalling $106 billion in 2010, The reverse repo rate — the rate at and Brazil stood at 5th position with (a) 139 nations guarantee gender which RBI borrows – will be kept 100 inflows at $48 billion during the last equality, 117 countries have basis points lower than the repo rate. equal pay laws, and 115 coun- year. In fact, FDI inflows to South, All scheduled commercial banks tries guarantee women’s equal East and South-East Asia rose 24 that have current account and sub- property rights. per cent to $300 billion, nearly one- sidiary general ledger (SGL) ac- (b) Globally, 53 per cent of working fourth of the global total of $1.24 count with RBI are eligible to par- women are in vulnerable em- trillion in 2010. FDI to South Asia ticipate in the MSF scheme. ployment and women are paid declined to $32 billion, reflecting a RBI will receive requests for up to 30 per cent less than men 31 per cent slide in inflows to India a minimum amount of Rs 10 million in some countries. and a 14 per cent drop in flows to and in multiples of Rs 10 million (c) 125 countries outlaw domestic Pakistan. By contrast, inflows to thereafter. The central bank has the violence, but 127 countries do right to accept or reject partially or Bangladesh, a rising low-cost not explicitly criminalise rape production location, increased by fully, the request for funds under this within marriage. facility. nearly 30 per cent to $913 million. (d) Around the world, 603 million FDI inflows in India stood at $ 9.42 women live in countries where Marginal Standing Facility billion in 2010-11. domestic violence is not consid- will curb inter-bank lend- UN women Report ered a crime and more than 2.6 ing volatility: 2011 billion live in countries where The Reserve Bank of India’s marital rape is not a criminal of- new Marginal Standing Facility is UN women has issued a new fence. expected to curb volatility in the report on women’s access to justice (e) 61 countries severely restrict overnight lending rates in the worldwide, “Progress of the World’s women’s rights to abortion. banking system. The banks will use Women: In Pursuit of Justice”. The (f) 50 countries have a lower legal age Marginal Standing Facility to borrow report focuses on women’s access of marriage for women than for overnight money only when they to justice in every country around the men. have exhausted all other existing

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 19 channels like collateralized and also by the Reserve Bank of in the nation in addition to expand borrowing and lending obligation India. It is hoped that the merger the scope of UCBs. If the reach of (CBLO) and liquidity adjustment would help in eliminating the cost the UCBs is expanded, it will result facility (LAF). Difference between involved in maintaining the in promoting financial inclusion. Liquidity Adjustment Facility-Repo administrative structure of SBICI as According to the latest guidelines of Rate and Marginal both the branches of SBICI would the RBI, lending to SHGs and JLGs Standing Facility Rate: be easily absorbed in the operations (Joint Liability Groups) would be of the main bank. considered as normal business Banks can borrow from the Significance of the merger by activity of the bank. UCBs will be RBI under LAF-Repo Rate, which the government: In the overall required to frame a comprehensive stands at 7.25 per cent by pledging analysis, continuation of SBICI in its policy on lending to SHGs and JLGs. government securities over and present form would not create a The maximum amount of loan to above the statutory liquidity require- sustainable organization with a SHGs should not exceed four times ment of 24 per cent. Though in case separate niche, able to hold on its of the savings of the group. With of borrowing from the marginal own in the medium term. As an regard to loans given to JLGs, the standing facility, banks can borrow independent Bank also, SBICI has guidelines stated that the JLGs were funds up to one per cent of their net had to maintain a full-fledged, not obliged to keep deposits with the demand and time liabilities at 8.25 elaborate administrative setup to bank and hence the amount of loan per cent. However, it can be within conform to regulatory requirements. granted to them would be based on the statutory liquidity ratio of 24 per The cost of maintaining such a their credit needs and the bank’s cent. structure is disproportionate to the assessment of the credit Merger of SBI level of operations of the SBICI. The requirement. Commercial with SBI proposed merger would help in Definition of Self-Help eliminating the cost involved in Group: The Union Cabinet has maintaining the administrative approved acquisition of the State structure of SBICI as both the A Self-Help Group is a small Bank of India Commercial and branches of SBICI would be easily voluntary association of poor people International Bank Ltd. (SBICI Bank absorbed in the operations of the preferably from the same socio- Ltd.) by State Bank of India (SBI), in main Bank. While no present economic back drop. The micro- terms of sub-section (2) of section beneficiary of the State Bank of India credit given to them makes hem 35 of the State Bank of India Act, would be affected, the number of enterprising; it can be all women 1955. SBICI, with two branches in beneficiaries would be the clients of group, all-men group or even a Mumbai, is a wholly owned SBI Commercial and International mixed group. However, it has been subsidiary of State Bank of India Bank Ltd. who will have access to the experience that women’s groups (SBI) and functions as a private the bigger network of State Bank of perform better in all the important sector bank offering an array of India. activities of SHGs. In other words financial products and services. The we can define the SHGs as a group terms and conditions for the SBICI: of micro entrepreneurs with acquisition have been approved by SBICI Bank Ltd. is a wholly homogeneous social and economic board of directors of both the banks owned subsidiary of SBI, which was background who voluntarily come set up in 1994 after taking over the together to save small amounts Indian operations of the erstwhile regularly and mutually agree to Bank of Credit and Commerce contribute to a common fund to meet International Ltd. (BCCI), which went their emergency needs. into liquidation in 1991. SBICI Bank Defining Joint Liability Ltd. has only two branches, both in Groups: Mumbai. A Joint Liability Group (JLG) Self-Help Groups is an informal group comprising The RBI has allowed urban preferably of 4 to 10 individuals cooperative banks (UCBs) to give coming together for the purposes of loans to selfhelp groups (SHGs). availing bank loan either singly or This decision by the RBI is definitely through the group mechanism going to promote financial inclusion against mutual guarantee. The JLG Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 20 members are expected to engage (c) The Foreign Currency earnings potential only opted for in similar type of economic activities. Convertible Bonds shall be FCCBs. The management of the JLG is to denominated in any freely (b) FCCBs mean creation of more be kept simple with little or no convertible foreign currency and debt and a forex outgo in terms financial administration within the the ordinary shares of an issuing of interest which is in foreign group. JLGs can be formed primarily company shall be denominated exchange. consisting of tenant farmers and in Indian rupees. (c) In case of convertible bond the small farmers cultivating land (d) The issuing company should interest rate is low (around 3-4 without possessing proper title of deliver the ordinary shares or per cent) but there is exchange their land. bonds to a Domestic Custodian risk on interest as well as Bank as per regulation. The principal if the bonds are not Foreign Currency custodian bank on the other converted in to equity. Convertible Bonds hand instructs the Overseas (d) If the stock price plummets, Foreign Currency Depositary Bank to issue Global investors will not go for Convertible Bonds are debt Depositary Receipt or Certificate conversion but redemption. So, instruments issued in a currency to non-resident investors against companies have to refinance to different than the issuer’s domestic the shares or bonds held by the fulfill the redemption promise currency with an option to convert Domestic Custodian Bank. which can hit earnings. them in common shares of the Advantages of FCCBs: (e) It remains as debt in the balance issuer company. It’s a quasi-debt sheet until conversion. (a) It is more stable and predictable instrument to raise foreign currency than domestic currency. FCRA funds at attractive rate. FCCB acts (b) It gives issuers the ability to The central government like a bond by making regular access investment capital notified the Foreign Contribution coupon and principal payments; and available in foreign markets. Regulation Act, 2010 and it came also gives the bondholder an option (c) Companies can use the process into force from May, 1, 2011. to convert the bond into stock. In to break into foreign markets. other words we can say that, Foreign (d) The bond acts like both a debt Salient Features of the currency convertible bond (FCCB) and equity instrument. Like Act: is a convertible bond issued by a bonds it makes regular coupon (a) Any association granted prior country in a currency different than and principal payments, but permission or registered with the its own currency. This is the powerful these bonds also give the Central Government under bondholder the option to convert instrument by which the country Section 6 or under the repealed the bond into stock. raises the money in the form of a FCRA, 1976, shall be deemed (e) It is a low cost debt as the to have been granted prior foreign currency. The bond acts like interest rates given to FCC permission or registered, as the both a debt and equity instrument. Bonds are normally 30-50 case may be, under FCRA, 2010 Like bonds it makes regular coupon percent lower than the market and such registration shall be and principal payments, but these rate because of its equity valid for a period of five years bonds also give the bondholder the component. from the date on which the new option to convert the bond into stock. (f) Conversion of bonds into stocks Act has come into force. takes place at a premium price Guidelines for issuing (b) While the provisions of the to market price. Conversion FCCBs in India: repealed FCRA, 1976 have price is fixed when the bond is generally been retained, the (a) Any company that requires to issued. So, lower dilution of the FCRA, 2010 is an improvement raise the foreign funds by issuing company stocks. FCCB, require prior permission over the repealed Act as more of the Department of Economic Some of the perceived stringent provisions have been Affairs, Ministry of Finance, disadvantages of FCCBs: made in order to prevent Government of India. (a) The exchange risk is more in misutilisation of the foreign (b) The company issuing the FCCB FCCBs as interest on bond contribution received by the should have the consistent track would be payable in foreign associations. record for a minimum period of currency. Thus companies with (c) Any organization of a political three years. low debt equity ratios, large forex nature and any association or

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 21 company engaged in the may be used for emerging market eliminate it, avoid taking a tax hit, or production and broadcast of bonds, mortgage backed securities, just eliminate exposure for a certain audio or audio visual news or corporate bonds and local period of time. current affairs programme have government bond. The buyer of a (b) Speculation: been placed in the category credit default swap pays a premium The second use is for prohibited to accept foreign for effectively insuring against a debt speculators to “place their bets” contribution. default. He receives a lump sum about the credit quality of a particular (d) A new provision has been payment if the debt instrument is reference entity. With the value of introduced to the effect that no defaulted. The seller of a credit the CDS market, larger than the person who receives foreign default swap receives monthly bonds and loans that the contracts contribution as per provisions of payments from the buyer. If the debt reference, it is obvious that this Act, shall transfer to other instrument defaults they have to pay speculation has grown to be the person unless that person is also the agreed amount to the buyer of most common function for a CDS authorized to receive foreign the credit default swap. Process: A contract. CDS provide a very contribution as per rules made CDS contract involves the transfer efficient way to take a view on the by the Central Government. of the credit risk of municipal bonds, credit of reference entity. An investor (e) Another new provision has been emerging market bonds, mortgage- with a positive view on the credit made to the effect that foreign backed securities, or corporate debt quality of a company can sell contribution shall be utilized for between two parties. It is similar to protection and collect the payments the purpose for which it has been insurance because it provides the that go along with it rather than received and such contribution buyer of the contract, who often spend a lot of money to load up on can be used for administrative owns the underlying credit, with the company’s bonds. An investor expenses up to 50 per cent of protection against default, a credit with a negative view of the such contribution received in a rating downgrade, or another company’s credit can buy protection financial year. negative “credit event.” The seller of for a relatively small periodic fee and (f) No funds other than foreign the contract assumes the credit risk receive a big payoff if the company contribution shall be deposited that the buyer does not wish to defaults on its bonds or has some in the FC account to be shoulder in exchange for a periodic other credit event. A CDS can also separately maintained by the protection fee similar to an serve as a way to access maturity associations etc. Every bank insurance premium, and is obligated exposures that would otherwise be shall report to such authority, as to pay only if a negative credit event unavailable, access credit risk when may be prescribed, the amount occurs. It is important to note that the supply of bonds is limited, or of foreign remittance received, the CDS contract is not actually tied invest in foreign credits without sources and manner and other to a bond, but instead references it. currency risk. particulars. For this reason, the bond involved (g) Provision has been made for in the transaction is called the Infrastructure Debt inspection of accounts if the “reference obligation.” A contract Funds registered person or person to can reference a single credit, or whom prior permission has been multiple credits. Infrastructure Debt Funds is a debt instrument being set up by granted fails to furnish or the CDS have the following intimation given is not in the finance ministry in order to two uses: accordance with law. channelize long term funds into (h) Any person contravening the (a) Hedging: infrastructure projects which require long term stable capital investment. provisions of the Act shall be A CDS contract can be used punishable with imprisonment as a hedge or insurance policy According to the structure laid out for a term which may extend to against the default of a bond or loan. by the finance ministry, after five years or with fine or with An individual or company that is consultations with stakeholders, both. exposed to a lot of credit risk can infrastructure NBGCs, market regulators and banks, an IDF could Credit Default Swap shift some of that risk by buying protection in a CDS contract. This either be set up as a trust or as a CDS are a financial may be preferable to selling the company. IDFs in India: The instrument for swapping the risk of security outright if the investor wants government of India has unveiled debt default. Credit default swaps to reduce exposure and not the structure of infrastructure debt

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 22 funds (IDFs), allowing local its assets in the debt securities of Fund Regulatory and Development infrastructure developer’s access to infrastructure companies or SPVs Authority (PFRDA) should consider money from insurance and pension across all infrastructure sectors. bringing down the minimum annual funds from India and overseas, even Minimum investment by trustbased subscription of Rs 6,000 for the NPS as bank lending to roads and power IDF would be Rs 1 crore with Rs 10 to Rs 1,000 per year to expand its projects is constrained by limits set lakh as minimum size of the unit. reach and coverage. The committee by the central bank. IDFs are The credit risks associated with is of the opinion that the existing expected to provide long-term, low- underlying projects will be borne by NPS architecture did not have a cost debt for infrastructure projects. the investors and not by IDF, but in ‘push factor’ and the absolute value At present, banks are the main case of company-based IDF, the of incentives was flawed. It said source of funding for these projects. fund would bear the risk. there was a need to broadbase the

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 for potential subscribers across the 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890COMMITTEES 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 have made it difficult for banks to 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 country. provide long-term funding. It is here GN Bajpai committee Anup K Pujari underscored that the IDF was on NPS proposed by in Budget 2011-12. The Committee The committee, headed by G ultimate aim of the IDFs is to The commerce ministry has N Bajpai, former chairman of the accelerate and enhance the flow of set up a committee to review the Securities and Exchange Board of debt for funding the ambitious deemed export scheme available to India, set up by the pension programme of infrastructure suppliers of products to specified regulator to suggest ways to development in the country. The projects. The committee headed by energise the national pension requirement of infrastructure in the Anup K Pujari, the Director General scheme (NPS) has submitted its 12th Plan has been pegged at $1 for Foreign Trade will re-examine the report. In this report, the committee trillion. The IDF would help garner very existence of the scheme and has proposed a complete change in resources from domestic and off- also look up whether it is reflecting its incentive and fee structures. To shore institutional investors, the government policies properly. enthuse points of presence (PoPs) especially insurance and pension The committee also includes to push the NPS, the committee has funds. Banks and financial representatives from the finance recommended that PoPs be allowed institutions would be allowed to ministry, Reserve Bank of India, to charge an ad valorem rate of 0.5 sponsor IDFs. In India the IDFs Planning Commission and the per cent of the subscription amount could be set up by NBFCs or banks, revenue department. The committee from subscribers. with a minimum capital of Rs 150 is expected to give its report within The committee has further crore. Such a fund would be allowed three months. Besides harmonizing recommended that the Pension to raise resources through rupee or dollar denominated bonds of minimum five year maturity. These bonds could be traded among the Cyber Law Panel domestic and foreign investors. Considering the security threat of the country, the Cyber Law Company based IDFs would be Panel of India has recommended that none of the 15 mediums of digital allowed to fund projects in public- communication used in the country, including Gmail, BlackBerry, Nokia, private partnership (PPP) which and Skype, can be banned for posing security threats because they have completed one year of cannot be monitored by law enforcement agencies. And as a solution, commercial operations. Potential there is a need to install a Central Monitoring System (CMS) which is investors in this category, include off- capable of intercepting any form of communication service offered within shore and domestic institutional the country. Besides that the committee has recommended that India investors, high net worth individuals raise its encryption levels from 40 bits to the US-standard 256 bits. The and non-resident Indians. If the IDFs country currently legally disallows encryption beyond 40 bits so that its are set up as a trust, the fund could security agencies can monitor communications on the Internet. Moreover, be sponsored by a regulated the ultimate solution should involve intelligence agencies building up financial sector domestic entity. It capabilities indigenously to monitor and intercept these technologies would have to invest 90 per cent of Home Ministry.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 23 the customs notifications with the urbanisation. The committee has Vijay Kelkar policy (on deemed export scheme), also projected an investment committee the committee has been asked to requirement of Rs. 39.2 lakh crore improve the drafting of the policy as for our cities and towns for 2012-32. The Maharashtra it exists today so that it is not The committee needs to be government has appointed a 14- amenable to multiple interpretations. complimented for the thoroughness member committee headed by the The move follows the government’s with which it has gone about its work. 13th Finance Commission attempt to check leakages so that a Chairman Vijay Kelkar to suggest scheme is not open to misuse. The Ashok Chawla Panel multiple instruments and measures for the removal of regional Deemed exports are those The Ashok Chawla panel has imbalance in order to achieve transactions in which goods recommended that water should be inclusive growth. The committee supplied to the users do not leave put on the Concurrent List from the the country and payment for such would decide indicators to assess State List of the Constitution. One disparities in regional development supplies is received either in Indian can recall that the Prime Minister currency or in foreign exchange. of the state after taking into had appointed the panel, headed by Supply of goods to exportoriented considerations the state Ashok Chawla, an ex-finance units, software technology parks or government's direct investments secretary, to review exploitation of to projects financed by multilateral and expenditure and also agencies and to power projects and scarce resources like water. investments by the private sector in refineries are treated as deemed The panel said that the industrial sector. This is the exports at present. The benefits considering the recent imperatives, second such committee, after one include those available under export it has become necessary for the chaired by VM Dandekar had promotion schemes. Union Government to have more submitted its report in 1984. effective control over water Isher Ahluwalia Rangarajan Committee resources. In this regard, the panel Committee The committee, headed by has advised the government to pass the Prime Minister's Economic Urban Infrastructure and a 'hortatory' legislation to regulate Advisory Council chairman, C Services in India A high-powered use of water across the country, Rangarajan, has strongly expert committee on Urban arguing groundwater can be held recommended to wipeout the Infrastructure under Isher Ahluwalia and regulated as a 'public trust' by distinction between plan and has emphasized that India’s the Centre. A hortatory legislation is nonplan expenditure. The end of economic growth momentum a law that nudges and pushes distinction would bring simplicity and cannot be sustained if urbanisation people towards a particular action - instead of three columns at present, is not actively facilitated nor can Plan, Non-Plan and total, there will urban poverty be effectively in this case, more sustainable use be only one column, i.e., addressed if the needs of the urban of water. Empowered by the expenditure. And moreover, there is poor are isolated from the broader Environment Protection Act, now the no place where such a distinction challenges of managing Central Groundwater Regulatory (Plan and non-Plan) is made. It is, Authority is the only leverage that however, not in favour of the Centre enjoys. Though the Act A Rahmani Panel reclassifying revenue and capital is powerful, Union governments Nuclear Power expenditure. The way revenue have always shied away from Corporation of India has set up a expenditure (revenex) is classified intervening in a state subject. committee under A Rahmani of in the Budget is considered obsolete Further, the panel has also the Bombay Natural History by many, as the method does not recommended that the government Society to study on marine give a true picture of the expense in ecology and bio-diversity in the 10 should amend the Easement Act to creating capital assets. It has been kilometre area around the remove 'water' from the definition of argued that if the end-use of funds Jaitapur site and to suggest the private property under the is for capital creation, it should be possible impact of the 9,900-MW Constitution. Besides, it has classified as capital expenditure nuclear power park at Jaitapur on recommended reactivating the River (capex). For examples, aid to states the ecology and bio-diversity of Boards Act that has been lying for spending on infrastructure development is classified as the area. dormant.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 24 revenex, though it is in the nature of Tourism Sector. This was decided operators and consumers of Israel. capex. Infact, Plan expenditure is at a meeting between Stas India is known in Israel as an ancient aimed to measure what is spent on Misezhnikov, Tourism Minister of nation with strong cultural traditions productive asset creation for the Israel and Union Tourism Minister, and in popular Israeli perception government's programmes and Subodh Kant Sahai held in New India is an attractive, alternative flagship schemes. Non-Plan Delhi on 5 September 2011. tourist destination. expenditure includes defence Welcoming the visiting dignitary, expenditure, subsidies and Sahai said both the countries can India and Turkey to devolution to states, forming a major explore the possibilities of Cooperate in Coal part of total government spending. cooperation in wellness, spiritual Sector and religious tourism. The Israeli Naresh Chandra Sriprakash Jaiswal, Minister Minister said hoteliers of his country of Coal, Government of India met Committee are interested to set up hotels in Mr. Taner YILDIZ, Minister for Amidst persisting security India. He also requested for more Energy and Natural Resources, threats, the Government of India has flights between India and Israel. Stas Government of Turkey and other decided to conduct an assessment Misezhnikov invited Sahai to visit officials on the sidelines of the 22nd of the country’s defence Israel. World Mining Congress inaugural preparedness for which it has Both the countries have session on 12th September 2011 at constituted a task force which will decided to consider exchanging Istanbul, Turkey. Shri jaiswal is pursue recommendations made by experience in destination leading an Indian delegation there the Kargil Review Committee after management and promotion. to participate in World Mining the 1999 war (headed by strategic Manpower development will be Congress. affairs analyst, the late K another area of cooperation Both the Ministers discussed Subrahmanyam). The 14 member between India and Israel. Exchange about the energy situation in the two task force is headed by Naresh programme for teachers, students, countries, particularly the field of Chandra. The panel is expected to and exchange of information on coal mining. India’s Coal Minister submit its report within 6 months. teaching modules will be considered offered technical cooperation to Along with reviewing the by the two countries. develop coal and lignite deposits entire security systems, the task Tour operators and travel and coal washing in Turkey. Turkey’s force will suggest ways to implement agents of both the countries will Energy Minister evinced keen recommendations made by the interact with each other in order to interest for technical cooperation Kargil report to suit the country’s promote two-way tourism between with India in coal mining and clean requirements in present scenario. India and Israel. The possibilities for coal technologies. He said that With the growing arms of terrorism promoting package tours in either of Turkey is planning to set up some the security challenges in the nation the countries will also be explored 15000 MW coal based power have changed dramatically. The by the travel trade of two countries. generation plants and requested changing times have necessitated Tourist traffic from Israel to Indian companies to participate in looking at the national security India was 40581 in 2009, which rose the tenders. Both the ministers situation in the light of challenges to 43539 in the year 2010. An agreed for future cooperation in coal ranging from cyber security to agreement between India and Israel related areas. energy security. on cooperation in the field of tourism

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 was signed in New Delhi in May, Rare Persian celestial 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 in Frankfurt is responsible for 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 astronomical instruments available 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890AFFAIRS 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 promoting India as a tourist 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 in the world is up for grabs in the destination in the Israeli market. India and Israel Bonhams upcoming Indian and India Tourism Office participates in Islamic art sale. Decided to Enhance International Mediterranean Tourism The finely engraved celestial Tourism Cooperation Market (IMTM) which is held in Tel treasure from the Zand dynasty India and Israel have Aviv to showcase India’s tourism passed down through a private decided to enhance cooperation in destinations and products to the tour English family, contains the position

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 25 of 83 stars and their Persian names One in six Americans living below poverty as well as the Persian names for the North and South Poles. line: Census "The rare and unique One in six Americans are now living below poverty line, the celestial globe is estimated to fetch Census Bureau said in a report, reflecting the adverse impact of eco- between 40,000 to 96,000 pounds nomic crisis on common man. at the next sale of Indian and Islamic "The nation's official poverty rate in 2010 was 15.1 per cent, up art on October 4 in New Bond Street from 14.3 per cent in 2009 - the third consecutive annual increase in in London," according to an official the poverty rate," Census Bureau said in its report. "There were 46.2 of the auction house. million people in poverty in 2010, up from 43.6 million in 2009 - the The globe dated 1776 AD, fourth consecutive annual increase and the largest number in the 52 the only known dated example years for which poverty estimates have been published," it said. These securely attributable to the Zand findings are contained in the report 'Income, Poverty, and Health Insur- period is an important addition to the ance Coverage in the United States: 2010.' small surviving group of Persian The government defines the poverty line as income of USD celestial globes. 22,314 (about Rs 10 lakh) a year for a family of four and USD 11,139 "The use of gold and the very (about Rs 5 lakh) for individual. Census Bureau said, the number of fine script indicate the possibility that people without health insurance coverage rose from 49.0 million in this globe was made for the Zand 2009 to 49.9 million in 2010, while the percentage without coverage - ruler Mohammed Karim Khan Zand 16.3 per cent was not statistically different from the rate in 2009. (1751-1794)," says the auction Since 2007, the year before the most recent recession, real house. median household income has declined 6.4 per cent and is 7.1 per The Zand period is cent below the median household income peak that occurred prior to remarkable for its short length and the 2001 recession in 1999. high artistic productivity. The percentages are not statistically different from each an- Spanning only 44 years, and other, the Census Bureau said. The poverty rate increased for children an incredible seven rulers, it was a younger than 18 (from 20.7 per cent in 2009 to 22.0 per cent in 2010) period of relative peace and and people 18 to 64 (from 12.9 per cent in 2009 to 13.7 per cent in economic growth when many 2010), while it was not statistically different for people 65 and older (9.0 territories previously lost to the per cent), it said. Similar to the patterns observed for the poverty rate Ottomans were recaptured. in 2010, the number of people in poverty increased for children younger The British established a than 18 (15.5 million in 2009 to 16.4 million in 2010) and people 18 to trading post in the port of Busehr, 64 (24.7 million in 2009 to 26.3 million in 2010) and was not statistically extending the influence of the British different for people 65 and older (3.5 million), the Census Bureau said. East India company in Iran. Among race groups, real median income declined for white and The art of this era produced black households between 2009 and 2010, while changes for Asian a distinct school of painting, fine and Hispanic-origin households were not statistically different. Real enamel work and calligraphy. median income for each race and Hispanic-origin group has not yet Celestial globes were used recovered to the pre-2001 recession all-time highs, the report said. primarily for solving problems in The Census Bureau said there has been considerable impact astronomy. of the economic crisis on the people in Washington. Median house- Although known to have hold income declined the first full year following the December 2007 to been used in antiquity, the form of June 2009 recession, as well as in the first full year following three the celestial globe came into being other recessions (March 2001 to November 2001, January 1980 to in the Islamic world. July 1980 and December 1969 to November 1970). The globe depicts various However, household income increased the first full year follow- constellations in the northern and ing the November 1973 to March 1975 recession, and the changes the southern hemisphere. following the July 1990 to March 1991 and July 1981 to November Only 200 instruments remain 1982 recessions were not statistically significant, it said. The poverty in private and museum collection rate and the number of people in poverty increased in the first calendar worldwide, the earliest dating to the year following the end of the last three recessions. 11th century. For the recessions that ended in 1961 and 1975, the poverty The globe up for auction rate decreased in the next full calendar year, it said.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 26 features labelled stars such as the oversee implementation of various Thousands of people were left Pole star, the back of the Lion, three initiatives being taken under the stranded. stars in the tail of Ursa major, Sirrah framework agreement. In a 65-point Typhoon Talas, which made in Pegasus, the knee of the Archer joint statement issued at the end of landfall on Saturday and is one of among others. the Prime Minister Manmohan the deadliest in recent years, packed Also included in the Singh's two-day visit to Bangladesh, gusts of up to 108 kilometres (68 upcoming Bonhams auction is a the two nations underscored the miles) per hour as it cut across the Persian manuscript illustrated with need for concluding and extradition island of Shikoku and the main eleven miniatures in the Kashmiri treaty between the two countries island of Honshu. style. expeditiously. The government set up an The manuscript on cream- emergency task force as the number coloured paper which was according Typhoon Talas of victims looked set to grow and to the auction house formerly in the A typhoon that pummelled landslides and damaged roads collection of Lady George Scott, wife western Japan left at least 20 people hampered relief efforts. In of the youngest son of the Duke of dead and more than 50 missing, Wakayama prefecture, 12 people Buccleuch and Queensberry has reports said on Sunday, after swollen were killed and 29 were missing. been estimated to sell between rivers swept away buildings and One man drowned after flood 1,200 pounds and 1,500 pounds. landslides crushed houses. waters surged into his car, and A 16th century Iznik brass One of the victims drowned another man was killed after a flask from a private Belgian after flood waters gushed into his car landslide hit his house, the local collection is also being offered on and streets were submerged in government said. In Nara sale. scenes that rekindled memories of prefecture's Totsukawa village, an The flask estimated to sell the March 11 tsunami disaster. overflowing river washed away between 60,000- 80,000 pounds is sourced from the family of the man Roman gladiator school remains discovered in whose company was commissioned Austria to build the Heliopolis Palace hotel in Egypt which later became the A team of archaeologists has ‘sensationally’ discovered the ruins Presidential Palace of the recently - of a Roman gladiator school on the deposed Egyptian Prime Minister outskirts of the Austrian capital Hosni Mubarak. Vienna. The find is one of the 100 Manmohan Singh hundred schools that the Romans Visited Bangladesh to built to train the fighters before they Sign the Historic got involved in a brutal combat with Protocol on Land each other. The group from the Boundary Agreement Ludwig Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology in Vienna Prime Minister of India, discovered the school, which contains sleeping cells, a bathing area and Manmohan Singh visited a training hall with heated floors and a cemetery. Bangladesh on 6-7 September The school, which is the only one of its type to have been 2011. During his visit, India and discovered outside Italy, has been mapped by the use of ground Bangladesh signed several penetrating radar, but the ruins still remain underground. agreements including the Historic According to officials, the find can compete the famous Ludus Protocol on Land Boundary Magnus — the largest of the gladiatorial training schools in Rome — in Agreement. India and Bangladesh its structure. also signed the framework Radar scans show that outside the walls of the school, what agreement on cooperation for archaeologists believe was a cemetery for those killed during training. development. "This is a world sensation, in the true meaning of the word,” the During this visit, India and Daily Mail quoted lower Austrian provincial Governor Erwin Proell as Bangladesh decided to set up a joint saying. The team now hopes to unearth a wealth of artefacts, including commission led by the Minister of body armour, weapons, eating utensils and money from the site where Foreign and External Affairs from warriors trained and lived 2,000 years ago. both sides to coordinate and

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 27 apartments, leaving at least two also signed a memorandum of administrative arrangements to people dead and seven missing, the understanding on media exchanges provide social security to people local government said. and another agreement on working in India and Korea. In the Kansai region and elsewhere up to 30,000 people were India-US Strategic Dialogue evacuated, according to the fire and disaster management agency. The India-US strategic dialogue was held in New Delhi on July Television footage showed 18, 2011, during the visit of US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. A joint massive landslides crushing statement issued after the strategic dialogue said the two sides covered wooden houses in mountainous a wide range of bilateral issues as well as global developments during communities, with muddy water the four-hour talks. submerging streets and washing The two countries also signed a MoU to promote closer coopera- away wooden debris and cars. tion and the timely exchange of information between the organisations of A tally by the Kyodo news their respective governments responsible for cyber security. agency showed at least 20 people Defence, security and counter-terrorism were high on the agenda had been killed, more than 50 were since the dialogue. The dialogue, which was originally scheduled to be missing and 3,600 were left stranded held in April, was postponed to July in view of the developments in North by landslides and collapsed bridges. Africa and the Assembly elections in India. There were apprehensions that it could be deferred yet again after the July 13 explosions in Mumbai India, South Korea N- but Clinton decided to stick to the schedule. deal On the issue of terrorism, Clinton was quite forthright in telling On July 25, 2011, India Pakistan that it was in its own interest to deal with violent extremism. signed a “historic” civil nuclear “Pakistan is a key ally in the fight against terrorism. We have made it cooperation agreement with South clear to Islamabad that terrorism threatens Pakistan itself… bombings in Korea, paving the way for the mosques, markets, police stations and government buildings. Pakistan possibility of Seoul exporting its must act on its own behalf to protect its territorial integrity and sover- atomic power plants. eignty.” The agreement, signed after In a clear reference to the US raid that found and killed Osama summit talks between President Bin Laden in Abbottabad in early May, she said: “We want mutual recog- Pratibha Patil and her South Korean nition that we cannot tolerate a safe haven for terrorists anywhere. When counterpart Lee Myung-bak, we know the location of terrorists whose intentions are clear, we need to provides legal ground for South work together. We do not believe there are any terrorists who should be Korea’s participation in atomic given a safe haven or free pass by any government." power plant construction projects in On the civil nuclear cooperation, Clinton, while reassuring India. Washington’s commitment to the 123 agreement, wanted India to sign South Korea has now the Convention on Supplementary Compensation (CSC) for nuclear dam- become the ninth country which had ages with the IAEA before the end of the year. signed nuclear agreement with India The main problem for US operators is a clause in the Indian law after it got the waiver from the that makes the suppliers of reactors liable for 80 years for any accident Nuclear Suppliers’ Group (NSG) in at a plant. Private US nuclear firms are unwilling to sign up, mainly be- 2008. The other countries are the cause they are unable to find insurance to cover them for potentially US, France, Russia, Canada, crippling claims for damages. Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Argentina However, differences continued to plague the two sides on the and Namibia. civil nuclear deal though Clinton expressed the Obama’s administration India and South Korea had commitment to implementing the accord in letter and spirit, notwithstand- decided to start talks on civil nuclear ing the recent decision of the Nuclear Suppliers’ Group (NSG) to deny cooperation during a meeting access to enrichment and reprocessing (ENR) technologies to countries between Prime Minister Manmohan which are not signatories to the NPT. Singh and Lee on the sidelines of But one major positive that emerged from the strategic dialogue the ASEAN Summit in Hanoi in from India’s perspective was Washington’s commitment to New Delhi October 2010. that the process of reconciliation with the Taliban in Afghanistan would Besides the agreement on be Afghan-led and Afghan-driven, and not dictated by Pakistan or any nuclear cooperation, the two sides other country.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 The Government of India inter-cropping and utilization of rice recently announced the setting up fallows. Later, from the year 2010- IIDEM Launched of the National Environmental 11, the Pulses component of The Election Commission of Appraisal and Monitoring Authority, Integrated Scheme for Oilseeds, India has launched the India Inter- a professional, science based Pulses, Oilpalm & Maize (ISOPOM) national Institute of Democracy and autonomous body, as part of efforts was merged under NFSM-Pulses to Election Management. It is an ad- to bring in institutional reforms and cover 100% area in the NFSM- vanced resource centre of learning, to improve environmental Pulses districts. research, training and extension for governance in India. Once participatory democracy and elec- appraised by NEAMA, the The Ministry of Agriculture tion management. environment related projects would had received requests from some be sent with a recommendation to States, including Gujarat and Uttar IIDEM has four the Minister of Environment and Pradesh for inclusion of new components: Forests for approval. NEAMA will be districts/replacement of existing (a) Training and Capacity Develop- a full-time body of professionals for districts. The districts that fulfilled the ment. environmental appraisals against criteria were included under the (b) Voter Education and Civic Par- the current system of appraisals programme. ticipation done by environmental committees (c) Research, Innovation and Docu- that are ad hoc and meet once in a India’s first carbon mentation. month. It will maintain its own credit deal (d) International Projects and Tech- realtime and time-series databases World Bank recently signed nical Collaboration. on pollution loads across the an agreement with Himachal What the institute intends country. The body will also ensure Pradesh government for what is to promote: compliance with the conditions tipped to be the world’s largest and imposed on new projects that are The Institute will be a na- India’s first clean development granted environmental clearance. tional and international hub for ex- mechanism (CDM) project. Under change of good practices in election 480 Districts Covered the Emission Reduction Purchase management. The Institute is being under NFSM Agreement, the World Bank will buy developed in collaboration with the carbon credits from the new forests Four hundred eighty districts Government of India, United Na- being developed on degraded lands of 18 States are covered under tions, the Commonwealth and inter- under a watershed management National Food Security Mission governmental organizations like programme. The agreement would (NFSM). NFSM-Rice is being Sweden based International Insti- implemented in 142 districts of 15 tute of Democracy and Electoral Most urbanized States, NFSM-Wheat in 142 districts Assistance (IDEA). The Institute will of 9 States and NFSM-Pulses is States in India, make efforts to enhance the poten- under implementation in 468 Punjab, Kerala and tial and capacity of the Election districts of 16 States. Karnataka are now among the Commission so that it carries out its The districts under NFSM most urbanized States in India, functions in more effective and pro- are identified based on certain having more than 35 per cent of fessional manner. It carries the goal criteria. For NFSM-Rice, those their population living in urban of meticulous, accurate, voter districts are identified which have areas. Uttar Pradesh has the friendly implementation of election more than 50,000 ha area under rice maximum number of its people processes by committed, compe- and productivity is less than the living in rural areas; 55.5 crore tent, credible and skilled managers State’s average; for NFSM-Wheat people in UP live in rural areas. and associated groups. The institute the districts in which irrigation Mumbai tops the list of places will strive to promote democratic coverage under wheat is more than having maximum number of values and practices, promoting 50% and productivity is less than people in urban area at 5 crore. awareness among voters.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 29 be in force till December 2018. The rural areas of the country was 21.9 the season variability of monsoon project would impact an area of per cent as per census 2001, but rainfall, the areas of excess and 4,003.07 hectares. with the effective implementation of deficient rainfall vary from year to Total Sanitation Campaign, its year. Department has Launched a Commonwealth coverage in the rural areas has Express high-priority Programme to address increased to approximately 73 per the Science issues of Global and The Commonwealth cent as of July 2011. The Total Regional Climate Change with a well Express Train showcasing Sanitation Campaign (TSC), a equipped state-of-the-art Center for achievements by Department of comprehensive programme was Climate Change Research (CCCR) started in the year 1999 to ensure Information Technology (DIT) in the at Indian Institute of Tropical sanitation facilities in rural areas with field of ICT and e-Governance was Meteorology (IITM), Pune for inter- launched on 24th June, 2010 and the main objective of eradicating the disciplinary research and training in ended its journey on 14th Oct. 2010. practice of open defecation and the area of science of climate The Commonwealth ensuring clean environment. It is change. Prioritized R & D efforts are Express, the exhibition train on the project based programme taking initiated to comprehensively theme of information technology and district as a unit operated in a understand the causes for the sports, run jointly by DIT, Ministry of demand driven mode and at aforementioned changes in the Communications and Information present, is being implemented in Technology and Railway Sports 607 rural districts of the country. The southwest monsoon rainfall and to Promotion Board (RSPB), Ministry main components under the improve the rainfall predictions in all of Railways was flagged off on 24th programme are incentives for time scales. June 2010. It ended its journey on Individual Household Latrines 14th October 2010, covering 49 (IHHL), School Sanitation and Assam Government unique halts across the nation. Hygiene Education (SSHE), Decided to have In the train, the IT part was assistance for Community Sanitary Brand Names for the exhibited in 6 coaches by DIT and Complex (CSC), Anganwadi toilets Famous Muga and and Solid and Liquid Waste the sports part was exhibited in 5 Eri Silks coaches by RSPB. DIT exhibited Management (SLWM). and demonstrated capability in In Assam, the state gov- High Performance general, the work done in the ernment has taken an initiative to Computing System at country in the area of information have brand names for the fa- and communications technology, IITM, Pune mous Muga and Eri silks. The and the initiatives carried out by the There is no decline in rainfall main purpose of the move is to DIT affiliated entities in the fields of during 2011 so far in the country. The promote the indigenous yarn in e-governance, infrastructure, country received 716.0mm rain as a more systematic way within and technology relevant to rural India, a whole monsoon rainfall till 31st outside the country. language interfacing technology etc. August 2011 is marginally higher The state handloom and At the end of the journey, the than the seasonal quantum of sericulture department hopes cumulative football (visitor count) for 713.4mm. that, with a brand name, products about 100 days of exhibition was Although, the rainfall made from muga and eri can be approximately 7.35 lakhs. quantum received for the country as exported to across the globe with The cost incurred for a whole during the period 1st June a higher price. Eri and muga are Commonwealth Express Train by – 10th August, 2011 was -4%, the household names of silk in the DIT is Rs 3,77,26,899/-. decline was made up fully by the end region. North- East produces of August 2011, due to the around 95 percent of Eri, of which Total Sanitation prevalence of active monsoon Assam has 50 percent shares. Coverage in the rainfall conditions. The state also produces about 86 Country will be Continuous R & D efforts are per cent of Muga. The use of both Completed by 2017 made to understand spatial and the silks reflects the culture and tradition of Assamese society The Government today temporal variability of monsoon and occupies a unique place in reiterated to have total sanitation rainfall. the socio-economic life of the coverage in the country by the year Due to the year-to-year people of the state. 2017. The sanitation coverage in variability and the associated within

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Men's Singles Novak Djokovic Spain Rafael Nadal US OPEN 2011 Women's Singles Samantha Stosur Serena Williams WINNERS Men's Doubles Jurgen Melzer Mariusz Fyrstenberg Philipp Petzschner Marcin Matkowski MEN'S SINGLES: Women's Doubles Liezel Huber Vania King Top-ranked Novak Djokovic Lisa Raymond Yaroslava Shvedova returned brilliantly and swatted Mixed Doubles Melanie Oudin Gisela Dulko winners from all angles to beat Jack Sock Eduardo Schwank defending champion Rafael Nadal 6-2, 6-4, 6-7 (3), 6-1 on Monday tennis finals by comprehensively constantly abusing Indian players night and earn his first U.S. Open outplaying a frustrated Serena from the roof of the stadium. title and third Grand Slam trophy of Williams and claiming the U.S. Open 2011. Whenever there was an title with a 6-2, 6-3 win on September infringement from the Indian side, he 11. Stosur claimed her first Grand abused liberally. Slam singles title and became only Rajpal Singh, Danish the second Australian to win the U.S. Mujtaba, Yuvraj Walmiki and Open crown by dominating a match Sarvanjit Singh scored for India in which she was widely expected to the penalty shootout while lose to the home favourite. Muhammad Rizwan and Waseem Williams lost her composure, Ahmed sounded the board for arguing with the chair umpire after Pakistan after both the sides were being docked a point for shouting locked goalless in the regular and Djokovic improved to 64 wins out in the midst of a rally. It was extra time. from 66 matches with 10 tournament reminiscent of the ugly tirade against titles in a simply spectacular year, Malaysia bags bronze a line judge two years ago. one of the greatest in the history of A last-minute goal by Firhan The overwhelming favourite men’s tennis -- or any sport, for that Ashari helped Malaysia beat Japan for the match, Williams suffered only matter. Against No. 2 Nadal, and clinch the bronze medal. Just her second ever loss in a Grand Djokovic is 6-0, all in finals -- three when it seemed that the match on hard courts, including Monday; Slam final to someone other than would go into extra-time, Malaysia two on clay; and one on grass at sister Venus; she was beaten by moved in from the right flank and the Wimbledon in July. Djokovic also Maria Sharapova in the 2004 cross found Ashari on top of the won the Australian Open in January, Wimbledon decider. circle. He tapped the ball to his left and is only the sixth man in the 40- plus years of the Open era to collect India Wins Asian and, with a powerful reverse shot, three major titles in a single season. Champions Trophy beat the Japanese goalkeeper. hockey tournament South Korea avoided the WOMEN'S SINGLES: wooden spoon beating host China Goalkeeper S. Sreejesh Samantha Stosur pulled off 2-1 in the play-offs for the 5th-6th one of the biggest shocks in the stole the limelight with two crucial spot. history of women’s Grand Slam saves as India defeated Pakistan 4- 2 in the penalty shoot-out in a nerve- wrecking final to clinch the inaugural Asian Champions Trophy hockey tournament on September 11. The high-voltage summit clash was marred by Pakistan coach's unwarranted action of

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901 PRACTICE QUESTIONS 212345

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1. RBI increased the savings bank 5. Which international monetary 5) Bank of Maharastra rate from 3.5 percent to organization came forward to lit Answer: (1) …………….percent? 12,000 villages by providing 9. Which among the following bank 1) 5 electricity. It granted the loan was merged with State Bank of 2) 4.5 worth of $ 120 million? India in 2010? 3) 4 1) IFC 1) State Bank of Hyderabad 4) 10 2) UNO 2) State Bank of Travancore 5) 5 3) ADB 3) State Bank of Indore Answer: (3) 4) IBRD 4) State Bank of Patiala 2. With in how many days the 5) IDA 5) State Bank of Mysore wrong debited amounts must be Answer: (3) Answer: (3) reimbursed or else the bank has 10.Hawala transaction means 6. Acting Managing Director of to pay Rs. 100 per day as per ...... ? International Monetary Fund the new order of Reserve Bank 1) The transaction done in the ( IMF) is ...... ? of India? bank 1) John Lipsky 1) 12 days 2) The transaction done in the 2) Robert Zoellick 2) 14 days bank through proper channel of 3) Vineeth Verman 3) 7days the government of India 4) Lakshmi Venkatachalam 4) 8 days 3) a mode of transferring of 5) None of these 5) 30 days funds out of India or into the Answer: (3) Answer: (1) country, by passing official and 3...... received the infuse of 7. If there is an inflationary trend in legal channels Rs.1740 crore under the the country, the banking 4) Indian mode of keeping the recapitalization package to products lead to the ...... ? money in the savings account shore up bank’s equity capital? 1) Decreasing trend 5) None of these 1) Indian bank 2) Constant trend Answer: (3) 2) Axis Bank 3) Zero trend 11. Maharatna Status given to 3) Oriental Bank of Commerce 4) Increasing trend ONGC, IOC, SAIL and NTPC. 4) Indian Overseas Bank 5) there is no relation between The norms to brand any 5) Canara Bank inflation and banking products company as Maharatna Answer: (3) pricing. changed on 17 March 2011. Pick 4. Reliance Communications got Answer: (4) up the wrong one? the second installment of $ 400 8. Among the following banks, 1) They should have annual million from ...... which one is the Public Sector turnover of Rs.20,000 crore in 1) World Bank Bank, but not nationalized the last three years. 2) IMF banks? 2) The company must have an 3) China Development Bank 1) IDBI bank average annual net worth of Rs. 4) IDA 2) Allahabad bank 10,000 crore in the last three 5) IFC years in a row. 3) Union bank of India Answer: (3) 3) The company must be started 4) Central Bank of India least 40 years back.

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 32 4) The company must get the 3) C.K.Naidu life achievement and Cash Risk average profit of Rs. 2500 crore. award got by Salim Durani, the 2) Market Risk, Operational Risk 5) None of these famous test cricketer and Credit Risk Answer: (3) 4) Rajkumar Award got by Saroja 3) Lending Risk, Operational 12. The biggest single day jump devi Risk and Payments Risk registering 623.10 points since 5) None of these 4) Floating Risk, Payment Risk, May 2009 occurred in Bombay Answer: (5) Credit Risk 16. Deodhar Trophy won by ...... ? 5) None of these Stock Exchange sensex. This 1) South Zone Answer: (2) event occurred on…….? 2) East Zone 21.Financial Inclusion do not 1) 11th March 2011 3) West Zone include ...... ? 2) 1st January 2011 4) North Zone 1) Every Indian must hold a bank 3) 3rd January 2011 5) Central Zone account 4) 2nd April 2011 Answer: (4) 2) Reaching of Banking services 5) 1st March 2011 17. “Exchange Control Manual” is to the door steps the common Answer: (5) the publication of…in the context people even in rural areas 13. Tummalapalle, Kadapa District, of foreign exchange 3) Business Correspondents will Andhra Pradesh came in to 1) Finance Minister be appointed by the bank to news as the deposits of 2) Department of Commerce deliver the banking services in ...... mines found? 3) Foreign Trade Promotion rural areas 1) Thorium Board 4) Opening of No frill accounts 2) Radium 4) SEBI 5) Opening of satellite banks, 3) Molybdenum 5) Reserve Bank of India door step banking etc 4) Manganese Answer: (5) Answer: (1) 5) Uranium 18...... called the chief 22. Which Bank is set to open the Answer: (5) Coordinator of the rural credit in overseas branches in 14. Sulabh International provides India? Mozambique, Bhutan, Hong the costeffective and 1) RBI Kong, Dubai and Sri Lanka in the environment friendly technology 2) Co-operative banks coming days? in the providing toilets in the 3) NABARD 1) State Bank of India ...... ? 4) SBI 2) Indian Bank 5) RRB 3) Central Bank of India 1) NAM Answer: (3) 4) Syndicate Bank 2) ASEM 19...... Committee submitted the 5) Indian Overseas Bank 3) APEC report to prime minister of India Answer: (3) 4) ASEAN on Consumer Affairs insisted to 23. Pure Banking nothing Else is the 5) SAARC ban the futures trading in the punch line of ...... ? Answer: (4) essential commodities? 1) S.B.I 15. The Award list is given. Pick up 1) Kiran Kumar Reddy 2) S.B.H wrong one? 2) Sivaraj Singh Chouhan 3) Allahabad Bank 1) Man Booker International 3) Narendra Modi 4) Syndicate Bank prize winner Philip Roth 4) Ashok Gehlat 5) IDBI ( American author) 5) Prudveeraj Chouhan Answer: (1) 2) Jawaharlal Nehru Answer: (3) 24. The paper currency does not International Understanding 20. BASEL committee recognizes bare the signature of RBI Award got by German three risks. They are ...... ? governor is ……? Chancellor Angela Merkel 1) Market Risk, Operational Risk 1) 10 rupee

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 33 2) 20 rupee 1) 18 34. Which state distributed 2 crore 3) 50 rupee 2) 24 health cards to School children 4) 100 rupee 3) 10 for regular check-up and 5) 1 rupee 4) 12 treatment for them? It will be Answer: (5) 5) 20 come in to effect from 22 March 25.“Apple Advance Scheme” Answer: (4) 2011, on the eve of the state launched in ....? 30...... express run by railways formation day. 1) Jammu and Kashmir connect state capitals and 1) Andhra Pradesh 2) Haryana important towns within the state? 2) West Bengal 3) Uttarakhand 1) Kavi Guru 3) Bihar 4) Andhra Pradesh 2) Vivek 4) Karnataka 5) Arunachal Pradesh 3) Matrubhumi 5) Goa Answer: (1) 4) Karmabhomi Answer: (3) 26...... is not the part of the RBI 5) Rajya Rani 35. May day list given. Pick up wrong monetary and Credit Policy? Answer: (5) one? 1)Repo rate 31. A high-level Committee headed 1) International Labour day - 2) Cash Reserve Ratio by the Chairman of ...... to May 1 3) Reverse Repo Rate examine ways of strengthening 2) World Asthma day - May 2 4) Foreign Exchange Rate laws to curb generation of 3) International Energy day - 5) All of the above “illegal” wealth? May 4 Answer: (4) 1) Central board of Direct Taxes 4) Red Cross day - May 8 27.The last journey of ...... 2) State bank of India 5) Mohter’s day - May 2nd returned to Cape Canaveral on 3) IRDA Sunday March 9, 2011? 4) SEBI Answer: (3) 1) Columbia 5) FICCI 36.Extraordinary International 2) Ariana Answer: (1) Energy Forum meeting was held 3) Messenger 32.Distribution of subsidized in….February 2011? 4) Apollo sanitary napkins to adolescent 1) Doha 5) Discovery girls in the age group of ...... 2) Moscow Answer: (5) years in rural India start on 1 3) Oslo 28. The Abbreviation list is given. August 2011? 3) Dubai Pick up wrong one? 1) 8 -12 5) Riyadh 1) ODA- Overseas Development 2) 10 -14 Answer: (5) Assistance 3) 15 -18 37. Sixth BASIC ministerial meeting 2) LPD- Landing Platform Docks 4) 10 -19 on Climate Change held 3) EMMRC -Educational 5) 18 -21 in………? Multimedia Research Centre Answer: (4) 1) Bejing 4) CRAR -Capital to Risk 33...... allowed the women 2) Durban Weighted Assets Ratio employee for 2 years leave 3) Johannesburg 5) NSDC -National Skill Dealing during their entire service period 4) New Delhi Council for children’s proper care? 5) Brasilia Answer: (5) 1) Uttarakhand Answer: (4) 29. India’s wild tiger population was 2) Andhra Pradesh 38. G-8 countries list is given. Pick increased by ...... percent in 3) Goa up the not one among them? the last 4 years. 2010 census 4) Tamilnadu 1) U.K telling the tiger population was 5) Bihar 2) Australia 1706? Answer: (1) 3) Canada

Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 34 4) Russia 3) Float Financing 48. In which one of the following 5) France 4) Meter Financing states, village level marketing Answer: (2) 5) None of these platform has been set up for the 39...... government banned the Answer: (1) first time in the country? 44.Aim to introduce the KYC bartan system which allows the 1) Haryana guidelines is? upper caste people to extract 2) Maharashtra 1) to block black money and work from barbers and 3) Gujarath washermen during family money laundering 4) Bihar occasions? 2) to know the number of 5) Kerala 1) Meghalaya customers Answer: (3) 2) Odisha 3) to share the information in the computers 49. With which one of the following 3) Andhra Pradesh 4) to know the authority of the sports, the name of Parupalli 4) Assam person to deposit Kashyap is associated? 5) Maharastra 5) all of above 1) Chess Answer: (2) Answer: (1) 2) Tennis 40. ‘Sanchar Shakti’ is a scheme 45. The Government of India has set benefit ...... a value added 3) Badminton up Price Stabilisation Fund for service through mobile 4) Athletics four commodities. Which of the handsets? 5) None of these following is NOT covered by the 1) health workers Answer: (3) scheme ? 2) Doctors 50. While passing the Finance Bill 1) Tobacco 3) Lawyers the Finance Minister agreed to 2) Coffee with draw the controversial 4) Women SHG 3) Rubber 5) Sports persons 4) Tea 'misery tax' on healthcare from Answer: (4) 5) Jute the tax proposals. What did this 41. An individual can not open an Answer: (5) 'misery tax relate to? account in ....? 46. The organizing committee of 1) Expenditure tax for luxury 1) RBI FIFA World Cup announced the treatment 2) Commercial Bank name of the country selected to 2) Service tax on air conditioned 3) C0-operative Bank host the event to be organized hospitals and diagnostics 4) Foreign bank in 2014. Who is the host chosen 3) Sales tax on expensive 5) Private Bank for the same ? healthcare Answer: (1) 1) Russia 4) GST on costly hospital and 42. On 7 March 2011, Supreme 2) Venzeula medical treatment Court allowed ? 3) Bolivia 5) None of these 1) Aggressive euthanasia 4) Peru Answer: (2) 2) Active euthanasia 5) Brazil 3) Violent euthanasia Answer: (5) 4) Vibrant euthanasia 47. Who among the following is the Integrated solid 5) Passive euthanasia author of the book :'Half a life'? waste management Answer: (5) 1) Mark Tully programme 2) Deepak Chopra 43. Planned expenditure excess Punjab has become the over the income is 3) Chetan Bhagat first State in India to start an called……….? 4) Ved Mehta integrated solid waste 1) Deficit Financing 5) V.S. Neipaul management programme in the Answer: (5) entire State. 2) Scarce Financing

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Career Makers September 2011, Volume: 09 36