Patronus Guide for REFERENCE ONLY - YOU DO NOT NEED to PRINT

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Patronus Guide for REFERENCE ONLY - YOU DO NOT NEED to PRINT Patronus Guide FOR REFERENCE ONLY - YOU DO NOT NEED TO PRINT Aardvark – The aardvark is a beady-eyed, long-snouted burrowing mammal native to Africa. Fierce and persistent, this critter pursues soldier ants under cover of darkness without the slightest fear. This ferocious, determined little beast would be fearless in the face of a soul-sucking Dementor. Abraxan Winged Horse – A breed of winged horse, gigantic in size and extremely powerful. They are selective eaters and usually require forceful handling. As a Patronus, they represent power, determination, and a free spirit. Adder – The common European adder or common European viper is a venomous snake that can be found throughout Europe. Adders are not normally aggressive and tend to only bite when they are threatened in some way. Albatross – There’s no way a Dementor will mess with you if your Patronus is an albatross. One flap of its 11 ft wingspan is enough to beat even the most determined Dementor flying toward you! Their ability to glide for hours without need- ing to use any energy means your albatross Patronus will always be ready to fight for you at a moment’s notice. You’ve got yourself a true battle-ready Patronus! Badger – The recognizable mascot of Hufflepuff House, badgers represent determination. Badgers mostly keep to them- selves but are aggressive when threatened. Connected to the earth, the badger is grounded and celebrates individuality. This creature’s stubbornness and instinct to protect make it a formidable enemy for Dementors! Basset Hound – Basset Hounds hail from France. Their name literally means “low-set.” These short-legged companions are loyal and affectionate. They are pack animals that crave companionship but often do things in their own way and in their own time. Basset Hounds have a sense of humor and a playful demeanor. Bat – “Luck,” “happiness,” and “transformation” are words that are commonly associated with this animal. Bat medicine often goes hand in hand with the need of personal transformation. Whether it’s a need to break old habits/ties or form new ones, bat meds are a helpful aid. The bat is a guide, helping people understand a difficult situation and giving them strength to make necessary changes. Bay Mare – “Bay” refers to the color of the horse’s coat (a reddish brown accentuated by a black mane) and is associated with some of the oldest, most respectable breeds, like the Cleveland Bay. These horses are known for their strength and agility. Mares, in particular, are known to be intelligent, courageous, and extremely loyal to their owner. The Bay mare Patronus will not back down when protecting you from a Dementor. Bay Stallion – “Bay” refers to the color of the horse’s coat (a reddish brown accentuated by a black mane) and is associ- ated with some of the oldest, most respectable breeds, like the Cleveland Bay. These horses are known for their strength and agility. Despite their power, they are calm and sensible animals. But make no mistake – one kick from a Bay stallion Patronus will send the Dementors all the way back to Azkaban. Beagle – Known for tracking and not looking back, these hunting dogs are very goal oriented. Beagles often get lonely if without company for too long. Beagles represent focus, nature, and opportunity. Black and White Cat – Also known as a “tuxedo cat,” this is a cat of not necessarily its own breed, but its own color- ation. While they may be of any breed, these “jellicle” cats are known to be talkative, active, and intelligent! Some are even known to be “dog-like”! Dementors had better watch out for these jellicle cats! Black Bear – The formidable form of the black bear is often enough to scare away even the bravest of explorers, not to mention Dementors! Often mistaken as a deadly predator, the black bear mostly feasts on berries, grasses, and roots complemented with fish and carrion. This is often how people see you – a fierce opponent who will protect yourself and those close to you but who has a softer side hidden away from the world. Black bears are known for their adaptability, and this is often seen in how resourceful you can be. No matter the situation you find yourself in, when you come to call upon your Patronus, the black bear will be fully prepared to fight in your corner. Black Mamba – Widely considered to be the world’s deadliest and most feared snake, the black mamba has an im- pressive reputation. As the world’s fastest land snake, it can outrun most people. However, its incredible speed is not attributed to hunting but rather escaping threats. Surprisingly, the black mamba shies away from confrontation due to its nervous nature; however, when threatened, it becomes the ultimate force to be reckoned with. Black Mare – This animal is typical for people who show strong motivation in life and usually represents passion, deter- mination, and an appetite for freedom. Black is a relatively uncommon coat color, so this could represent a part of your personality that you’d rather keep hidden or just reveal to your personal circle. This specific color could also refer to instinctual urges of your mind for the unknown and mysterious. Black Stallion – Horses often represent free-spirited and adventurous personalities. Black stallions, in particular, tend to be extremely passionate and are often dominating personalities. They also can be a bit mysterious. Black Swan – Thought to have been rarer than a unicorn when first discovered, black swans represent loyalty, monoga- mous love, and caring for loved ones. They may have a wild youth but remain monogamous later in life. Black swans rep- resent the healing power of love and romance. Have you ever been on the receiving end of a protective mother swan? Dementors will be chased away by a whirling dervish! Blackbird – The blackbird Patronus appears to those who try to help themselves. Blackbirds are mysterious and intuitive, appearing when needed most. Blackbirds keep their secrets and will protect yours fiercely. While they may not be the most ferocious protectors, they are one of the most mysterious and magical. Keep well your own counsel, and you may have a blackbird to help protect you in the darkest of times. Bloodhound – Known for their fantastic sense of smell, bloodhounds are often used by Muggle law enforcement to help locate lost Muggles. Not only are they highly intelligent, but their temperament makes them a true family favorite as well. Your Patronus will never let you down and follow you to the end in any situation. A wizarding myth says that Blood- hound Patronuses have alerted their witch or wizard to the impending arrival of the Dementors, making this a one-of-a- kind Patronus to produce. Borzoi – Also known as the Russian wolfhound, this is a quiet, yet independent, athletic dog. These are gentle and respectful dogs that are also extremely sensitive. Personal space is very important to the Borzoi. They aren’t normally ag- gressive or display their dominance but will become aggressive if they are handled roughly. Borzois are reserved around new people but are really loving around those they are comfortable with. Brown Bear – Brown bears have one of the largest brains of any extant carnivore relative to their body size and have been shown to use tools. They also don’t have a lot of enemies due to their immense size, easily fighting off wolves. So they are not only impressive animals – and let’s face it: also really cute looking – but also the perfect Patronus to protect you from Dementors. Brown Hare – Brown hares are typically characterized as shy, but that doesn’t mean they can’t be bold. They often out- smart predators by hiding in incredible stillness, but they can run at formidable speeds if they need to get away. In the spring, brown hares can be found “boxing” with each other in open farmlands. Your brown hare Patronus will not hesi- tate to get in a fighting stance and face the Dementors head-on. Brown Owl – Ah, the trusty brown owl has been selected as your Patronus! This misunderstood animal has long been known as an omen of death in cultures around the world. The haunting sense of dread and the overwhelming sense of sadness often felt around these creatures is, in fact, signaling the presence of a Dementor and not because of the owl! Nature has gifted the world with these natural Dementor hunters, and while Muggles may not be able to comprehend the gift of these animals, you will soon come to realize how fortunate you are to have this as your Patronus. Buffalo – Buffalos are large, strong-willed mammals that travel in herds. They may seem like quiet, kind animals, but they are easily agitated, especially if they are pushed too far or if someone threatens their herd. So it’s in your best interest not to get on the bad side of one. If this is your Patronus, you’re in luck! Buffalos are very robust (with a shoulder height reaching almost 6 ft!) and can weigh up to 2,200 pounds! Any Dementor seeing that animal charging at it at speeds up to 40 mph would fly off as quickly as possible and never look back! Buzzard – The term “buzzard” refers to many species of birds of prey but is often used to refer to those that feed on carrion. Buzzards are fierce and opportunistic, often reaping the benefits from work others have done before them. They are unapologetic and band together with like-minded comrades to help one another with their goals.
Recommended publications
  • Hedgehog Fact Sheet
    Hedgehog Descrip�on: This par�cular hedgehog and called a Four-toed hedgehog. The Four-toed hedgehog only has 4 toes on each hind foot. The hedgehog has a very dis�nc�ve prickly spiny coat and long coarse hair on its face and underparts. An adult hedgehog can grow between 14 to 30 cen�meters long. Females are larger than males. Habitat: Class: Mammalia The four-toed hedgehog is found across central Africa. Order: Eulipotyphla They prefer grassy environments or open woodland Family: Erinaceidae with eleva�ons as high a 6,600 �. Their main predators Genus & Species: Erinaceus are Verreaux’s eagles, owls, jackals, hyenas and honey badgers. They prefer temperatures in the mid Life Span: up to 3 years in wild and up to 10 80’s F. When the hot dry season occurs and food is in cap�vity scarce they will go into a state of aes�va�on - inac�vity and lowered metabolic rate and when the temperature Fun Facts: gets colder it will go into a state of hiberna�on. Hedghogs rarely lose their quills during adulthood. Adapta�ons: Hedgehogs sleep in rolled up in a ball to protect The four-toed hedgehog is a solitary, nocturnal animal themselves. normally found along the ground. They have a high They have a special circular muscle that runs tolerance for toxins and have been known to eat along the sides of its body and across its neck scorpions and venomous snakes. When a�acked by and bo�om. When this muscle contracts it a predator, it can scream loudly.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammals of Jordan
    © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Mammals of Jordan Z. AMR, M. ABU BAKER & L. RIFAI Abstract: A total of 78 species of mammals belonging to seven orders (Insectivora, Chiroptera, Carni- vora, Hyracoidea, Artiodactyla, Lagomorpha and Rodentia) have been recorded from Jordan. Bats and rodents represent the highest diversity of recorded species. Notes on systematics and ecology for the re- corded species were given. Key words: Mammals, Jordan, ecology, systematics, zoogeography, arid environment. Introduction In this account we list the surviving mammals of Jordan, including some reintro- The mammalian diversity of Jordan is duced species. remarkable considering its location at the meeting point of three different faunal ele- Table 1: Summary to the mammalian taxa occurring ments; the African, Oriental and Palaearc- in Jordan tic. This diversity is a combination of these Order No. of Families No. of Species elements in addition to the occurrence of Insectivora 2 5 few endemic forms. Jordan's location result- Chiroptera 8 24 ed in a huge faunal diversity compared to Carnivora 5 16 the surrounding countries. It shelters a huge Hyracoidea >1 1 assembly of mammals of different zoogeo- Artiodactyla 2 5 graphical affinities. Most remarkably, Jordan Lagomorpha 1 1 represents biogeographic boundaries for the Rodentia 7 26 extreme distribution limit of several African Total 26 78 (e.g. Procavia capensis and Rousettus aegypti- acus) and Palaearctic mammals (e. g. Eri- Order Insectivora naceus concolor, Sciurus anomalus, Apodemus Order Insectivora contains the most mystacinus, Lutra lutra and Meles meles). primitive placental mammals. A pointed snout and a small brain case characterises Our knowledge on the diversity and members of this order.
    [Show full text]
  • Differential Loss of Embryonic Globin Genes During the Radiation of Placental Mammals
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Jay F. Storz Publications Papers in the Biological Sciences 9-2-2008 Differential loss of embryonic globin genes during the radiation of placental mammals Juan C. Opazo Instituto de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile Federico Hoffmann Instituto Carlos Chagas Fiocruz, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775-CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Brazil Jay F. Storz University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscistorz Part of the Genetics and Genomics Commons Opazo, Juan C.; Hoffmann, Federico; and Storz, Jay F., "Differential loss of embryonic globin genes during the radiation of placental mammals" (2008). Jay F. Storz Publications. 26. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscistorz/26 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Jay F. Storz Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 105:35 (September 2, 2008), pp. 12950–12955; doi 10.1073/pnas.0804392105 Copyright © 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA. Used by permission. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0804392105 Author contributions: J.C.O. and J.F.S. designed research; J.C.O. and F.G.H. performed research; J.C.O. and F.G.H. analyzed data; and J.C.O. and J.F.S. wrote the paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Subterranean Mammals Show Convergent Regression in Ocular Genes and Enhancers, Along with Adaptation to Tunneling
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Subterranean mammals show convergent regression in ocular genes and enhancers, along with adaptation to tunneling Raghavendran Partha1, Bharesh K Chauhan2,3, Zelia Ferreira1, Joseph D Robinson4, Kira Lathrop2,3, Ken K Nischal2,3, Maria Chikina1*, Nathan L Clark1* 1Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States; 2UPMC Eye Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States; 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States; 4Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States Abstract The underground environment imposes unique demands on life that have led subterranean species to evolve specialized traits, many of which evolved convergently. We studied convergence in evolutionary rate in subterranean mammals in order to associate phenotypic evolution with specific genetic regions. We identified a strong excess of vision- and skin-related genes that changed at accelerated rates in the subterranean environment due to relaxed constraint and adaptive evolution. We also demonstrate that ocular-specific transcriptional enhancers were convergently accelerated, whereas enhancers active outside the eye were not. Furthermore, several uncharacterized genes and regulatory sequences demonstrated convergence and thus constitute novel candidate sequences for congenital ocular disorders. The strong evidence of convergence in these species indicates that evolution in this environment is recurrent and predictable and can be used to gain insights into phenotype–genotype relationships. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25884.001 *For correspondence: [email protected] (MC); [email protected] (NLC) Competing interests: The Introduction authors declare that no The subterranean habitat has been colonized by numerous animal species for its shelter and unique competing interests exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Solenodon Genome Reveals Convergent Evolution of Venom in Eulipotyphlan Mammals
    Solenodon genome reveals convergent evolution of venom in eulipotyphlan mammals Nicholas R. Casewella,1, Daniel Petrasb,c, Daren C. Cardd,e,f, Vivek Suranseg, Alexis M. Mychajliwh,i,j, David Richardsk,l, Ivan Koludarovm, Laura-Oana Albulescua, Julien Slagboomn, Benjamin-Florian Hempelb, Neville M. Ngumk, Rosalind J. Kennerleyo, Jorge L. Broccap, Gareth Whiteleya, Robert A. Harrisona, Fiona M. S. Boltona, Jordan Debonoq, Freek J. Vonkr, Jessica Alföldis, Jeremy Johnsons, Elinor K. Karlssons,t, Kerstin Lindblad-Tohs,u, Ian R. Mellork, Roderich D. Süssmuthb, Bryan G. Fryq, Sanjaya Kuruppuv,w, Wayne C. Hodgsonv, Jeroen Kooln, Todd A. Castoed, Ian Barnesx, Kartik Sunagarg, Eivind A. B. Undheimy,z,aa, and Samuel T. Turveybb aCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, L3 5QA Liverpool, United Kingdom; bInstitut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany; cCollaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; dDepartment of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010; eDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; fMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; gEvolutionary Venomics Lab, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bangalore, India; hDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; iDepartment of Rancho La Brea, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles,
    [Show full text]
  • Small Mammal Trapping Weekend
    HEREFORDSHIRE MAMMAL GROUP AUTUMN NEWSLETTER (September-December 2017) What’s Inside? Contact: Dave Smith for directions and to confirm attendance Title Page Monday, 25 September 2017 at 13.00 and 19.00 Autumn Events 1 Bat Box Check and Trapping at Lime Kilns - Lea Membership 1 and Paget’s Wood New Members 2 Meet in lay-by at the side of road at SO595346 News in Brief 2 Contact Denise Foster via HMG Bat Co-ordinator Update 5 Dormouse Co-ordinator Update 7 OCTOBER 2017 Water Shrew Project 8 HMG Contacts 9 Wednesday, 11 October 2017 at 10:00 Bat Box Check - Lea and Paget’s Wood Meet in lay-by at the side of road at SO595346 Contact Denise Foster via HMG AUTUMN EVENTS (Events are subject to being updated – please Thursday, 12 October 2017 at 19.15 check the website and Facebook regularly) AGM followed by 5 short presentations on Local HMG Projects SEPTEMBER 2017 Venue: Bunch of Carrots Pub at Hampton Bishop, HR1 4JR Monday, 4 September, 2017 19.30 Bats and Roadside Mammal Survey - Analook NOVEMBER 2017 Training Venue: Hom Green, Ross on Wye Saturday, 11 November, 2017 – 10.00 to 16.00 Contact David Lee via HMG Bone ID workshop with Ric Morris Venue: Hampton Bishop village hall Tuesday, 5 September 2017 at 10:00 Numbers will be limited so booking is essential Bat Box Check - Lea and Paget’s Wood There will be a charge for this event Meet in lay-by at the side of road at SO595346 Contact: Leigh Russell via HMG Contact Denise Foster via HMG DECEMBER 2017 Monday, 18 September 2017 at 10:00 Bat Box Check – The Doward Wednesday, 13 December 2017
    [Show full text]
  • The Behavior of Solenodon Paradoxus in Captivity with Comments on the Behavior of Other Insectivora
    The Behavior of Solenodon paradoxus in Captivity with Comments on the Behavior of Other Insectivora JOHN F. EISENBERG1 Department of Zoology, University of Maryland & EDWIN GOULD2 Department of Mental Hygiene, Laboratory of Comparative Behavior, Johns Hopkins University (Plates I & II) I. INTRODUCTION For comparative purposes the authors utilized Solenodon paradoxus, confined to the island the extensive collection of living tenrecs main- of Hispaniola, and S. cubanus, endemic to Cuba, tained by Dr. Gould at Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, and drew upon their previous behavioral comprise the sole living members of the family studies of insectivores, which have already been Solenodontidae. A full-grown specimen of S. published in part elsewhere (Eisenberg, 1964; paradoxus may weigh up to 1 kgm. and attain a Gould, 1964, 1965). head and body length of 300 mm. Although large size and primitive molar cusp pattern have led II. SPECIMENS AND MAINTENANCE taxonomists to include this genus with the tenrecs Four specimens of Solenodon paradoxus (one of Madagascar, further morphological studies male, three females) were purchased from a have led certain workers to conclude that Sol- dealer in the Dominican Republic. The male enodon is a primitive soricoid more closely allied (M) and one female (J) were immature and, to the shrews than to the zalambdadont tenrecs extrapolating from their weights (Mohr, 1936 (McDowell, 1958). II), were judged to be four and six months old, The behavior of S. paradoxus was reviewed respectively. The juveniles were studied as a by Dr. Erna Mohr (1936-38). Since her series of pair by Dr. Eisenberg. In addition, all four ani- papers, however, much more has been learned mals were employed in two-animal encounters concerning the behavior of not only the soleno- and were recorded during studies of vocal com- don but also the insectivores of the families munication.
    [Show full text]
  • New Species of Shrew Is a Force to Be Reckoned with Snow Leopards
    ISSN 2051-6703 November 2013 WILDLIFE Number 4 wpeople’s trust for endangeredrld species | LIVING ROOM SAVING CATS & DOGS NUMBER GAMES How much space Latest news from some How to count does a hedgehog of our large carnivore wildlife – tips from population need? projects an expert FROM THE EDITOR It’s not in my nature to be a pessimist – which is part and while it’s tempting to just hold a finger to the of the reason I appreciate the ‘can-do’ attitude of wind and go, our mission is too important and the PTES – as an organisation it puts its weight behind risk of casualties is too high. people whose expertise, passion and hard work We feature PTES supporters in various sections really can make a difference. But this has been a of the magazine – if ever there was a reason for difficult year for conservationists in Britain, and for optimism, it’s seeing the pictures and reading the much of the time achieving the necessary support reports you send in of fundraisers, awareness events, for wildlife has felt even more of an uphill struggle class projects and magical wildlife encounters. Word than usual. Certainly the political wind is against of mouth is powerful, and wildlife needs advocates us. But the thing about wind is that it changes. Like in all walks of life and in every home, every city seasoned sailors, we have to be ready and willing to park and farming community, every classroom and make maximum headway when we can. This might boardroom, every pub and coffee shop, every social mean taking a longer route.
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Amur Hedgehog Erinaceus Amurensis (Erinaceidae) and Higher Phylogeny of the Family Erinaceidae
    Complete mitochondrial genome of the Amur hedgehog Erinaceus amurensis (Erinaceidae) and higher phylogeny of the family Erinaceidae N.H. Kim, S.J. Lim, H.M. Chae and Y.C. Park Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea Corresponding authors: Y.C. Park / H.M. Chae E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 16 (1): gmr16019300 Received September 16, 2016 Accepted December 5, 2016 Published February 8, 2017 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/gmr16019300 Copyright © 2017 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License. ABSTRACT. We sequenced and characterized the complete mitogenome (KX964606) of the Amur hedgehog Erinaceus amurensis to provide more data for comparative mitogenomics of the genus Erinaceus (Erinaceidae). The mitogenome of E. amurensis is a circular molecule 16,941 bp long, consisting of a control region and a conserved set of 37 genes containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA). The mitogenome of E. amurensis is AT-biased, with a nucleotide composition of 33.9% A, 21.1% C, 32.6% T, and 12.4% G. The mitogenomes of E. amurensis and the closely related hedgehog species E. europaeus, excluding the control region (66.7%), share over 90% sequence similarity. According to the inter-generic relationship based on six mitogenomes described from five genera of Erinaceidae, the subfamilies Erinaceinae and Galericinae are strongly supported as monophyletic groups, with each genus well placed within its own subfamily.
    [Show full text]
  • Top 14 Places Affected by Global Warming Mayor Hagerty
    tiger times The Voice of Dewey Elementary School • Evanston, IL • Fall 2019 Top 14 Places Affected by Global Warming By Albert Zhu and Tommy Simpson VENICE, ITALY of the Amazon are going to die if the dry Due to glaciers melting and sea levels season lasts more that 5-7 months. Currently, rising, the places that have lower land are the season duration is just a few weeks off at risk of flooding. Sea levels rising also of that threshold. make Venice flood prone. It’s really bad because Venice has a lot of canals and just YAMAL PENINSULA, RUSSIA above those canals are homes. If the levels The people of this area have adapted to of the canals rise, then the homes next to herding reindeer in Climate Change. the canals will flood. Permafrost is the layer of soil that stays frozen all year in polar areas, and the perma- GLACIER NATIONAL PARK, frost is melting due to Global Warming and NORTHWESTERN MONTANA the weather is getting unpredictable. The Glacier National Park is known for its winter of 2013 was very abnormal because glaciers, but Global Warming is responsible warm temperatures led to rain and then the for melting the glaciers. The glaciers have water froze and the reindeer couldn’t dig shrunk by 85%(!) due to Global Warming. through the ice to scavenge for food. A lot of reindeer died of starvation. THE DEAD SEA, ISRAEL Mayor Hagerty The Dead Sea in Israel is at risk because THE MALDIVES, INDIAN OCEAN rising temperatures are making the water The Maldives are highly affected by Global By Chaya Duarte and Liv Hammer evaporate.
    [Show full text]
  • Hedgehogs (Erinaceidae, Lipotyphla) from the Miocene of Pakistan, with Description of a New Species of Galerix
    Hedgehogs (Erinaceidae, Lipotyphla) from the Miocene of Pakistan, with description of a new species of Galerix The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Zijlstra, Jelle, and Lawrence J. Flynn. 2015. Hedgehogs (Erinaceidae, Lipotyphla) from the Miocene of Pakistan, with description of a new species of Galerix.” Palaeobio Palaeoenv 95, no. 3: 477–495. doi:10.1007/s12549-015-0190-3. Published Version 10.1007/s12549-015-0190-3 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:26507533 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Hedgehogs (Erinaceidae, Lipotyphla) from the Miocene of Pakistan, with description of a new species of Galerix Jelle Zijlstra1 and Lawrence J. Flynn2 1. 2. Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Abstract Hedgehogs (erinaceid insectivores) are a common element in Miocene small mammal faunas of Pakistan, but little material has been formally described. Here, we report on extensive collections from numerous localities across Pakistan, most from the Potwar Plateau, Punjab, and the Sehwan area in Sind. The dominant erinaceid is Galerix, which is also known from Europe, Turkey, and East Africa. We document a new early species of Galerix, G. wesselsae, in sites from Sehwan, the Zinda Pir Dome, the Potwar Plateau, and Banda Daud Shah ranging in age from about 19 to 14 Ma.
    [Show full text]
  • Hedgehog Handout
    7826 NE Sandy Blvd., Portland, OR 97213-6467 P. 971-361-2209 F. 971-361-4359 www.avianexoticvetcare.com Hedgehogs Natural History Hedgehogs are small mammals known for their "spines." They are not related to porcupines as commonly thought, but are in fact related to moles and shrews. Many different species of hedgehogs are known, but the most common pets are the African hedgehog (Erinaceus albiventris) and the European hedgehog (Erinaceus Europaeus). Housing Hedgehogs are solitary creatures, so they should be housed individually. They are very active and require as large a space as possible. At the very least, their enclosure should have a floor space that measures 2′ × 3′. Hedgehogs are great escape artists; therefore, a secure lid must be provided. Plastic bottom cages with plastic or wire walls are recommended. However, the wire must be spaced narrowly enough that the hedgehog cannot entrap its head. Bedding should be soft and absorbent. We strongly recommend aspen or pine shavings, hay, or recycled newspaper. Wire, cedar, corncob, or any dusty or scented substrate is not recommended. Any cloth left in the enclosure should have a tight enough weave that toenails are not caught. Soiled bedding should be removed every other day, and the entire bedding should be changed weekly. Hiding places should be provided. Cardboard boxes, wooden boxes, a flowerpot, a cloth bag, or PVC tubing is suitable. An exercise wheel can be placed in the enclosure to provide entertainment for the hedgehog. However, the wheel should be solid. The traditional rodent wheel can cause severe trauma to hedgehog feet and legs.
    [Show full text]