Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia
Katharine Lee Avary West Virginia Geological & Economic Survey 304/594-2331 [email protected] www.wvgs.wvnet.edu WV: Where It All Began Then 1858
Renewed Interest in Drilling and Production Activity Now 2008 West Virginia’s location is ideal for northeast markets
Source: Energy Information Administration WV’s gas and oil fields primarily in the western part of the State Wells 19,000 feet or deeper; n=3
!
Location of well 19,000 ! $ feet or deeper ! Source: WVGES database Wells 10,000 ! feet or deeper; ( n=43
(!
(! (!(! (! (! (! (! (!
! (!(! ( (! (! (! (! (! (! (! (! (!
! ( (! (! (! (! !(! (! (!( (!(! (! !(
(! (! (! (! Location of well (! (! 10,000 feet or deeper
(! $ Source: WVGES database Different age rocks of Coalbed recent methane interest to oil and gas producers Marcellus Shale
Trenton- Black River Recent Trenton wells have been drilled in 10 counties Wood
Jackson Roane Braxton Calhoun
Putnam Webster Clay Kanawha
Wayne Lincoln
Completed well Permitted well WV Trenton Gas Production
3,000,000 12,000,000
2,500,000 10,000,000
2,000,000 8,000,000
1,500,000 6,000,000 Mcf (annual) Mcf Mcf (cumulative)
1,000,000 4,000,000
500,000 2,000,000
0 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year WV Counties Hancock with Recent Brooke CBM wells Ohio!( reported; total !( !(!(!(Marshall
690 wells !( !( !(!(!(!( !( !( !( !((!!(!(!(!(!( !(!( !( !(!( !(!( !(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!( !(!( Wetzel !(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!( Monongalia !(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!( !( !( !(!( !( Morgan !( Marion Preston Berkeley Tyler Doddridge Pleasants Mineral Taylor Hampshire Jefferson Harrison Wood !( Ritchie !( Barbour !( Tucker Grant Wirt Hardy Lewis Upshur Ca Gilmer
l h Jackson o u Mason n Randolph Roane Braxton Pendleton
Putnam Webster Cabell Clay Kanawha Pocahontas Nicholas Lincoln Wayne Completed CBM well Boone Fayette Greenbrier
!( !(!( !( !( Logan !(!( M !( !( !(!(!(!(!(!( !( !( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!( !( in !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( (! Raleigh g !( !(!(!( !(!(!(!(!( o !(!(!( !( !( !(!(!(!( !( Summers Wyoming!( !(!( !((!!( Monroe !( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( !(!(!(!(!(!((!!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!(!( !( !( Mercer !(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!( McDowell !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( 09/2006 West Virginia CBM Gas Production
25 120
100 20 f
80
15
Cumulative 60
10 production
40 Cumulative gas production, Bc Annual production, Bcf of Gas Bcf production, Annual 5 20
0 0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year
Annual and Cumulative CBM production for WV; total 103 Bcf of gas; 2007 production >22 Bcf. The Marcellus Shale Play
• What is it? • Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock. • The Marcellus is a particular rock unit which is Devonian in age. A Play
• A play is defined as a group of geologically similar drilling prospects having similar source, reservoir and trap controls of gas migration, accumulation, and storage. • Patchen, D.G., 1996, Introduction to the Atlas of Major Appalachian Gas Plays, WV Geological and Economic Survey, Volume V-25, p. 1. Modified from White, 1980; 1988.
White, D.A., 1980, Assessing oil and gas plays in facies-cycle wedges: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, p. 1158-1178. --- 1988, Oil and gas play maps in exploration and assessment: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 72, p. 944-949. Marcellus Shale
From Milici, USGS Open File Report 2005-1268 Historic Devonian Shale Gas Fields
Legend
Black/Gray Shale Fields Black Shale Fields Miles 015 30 60 90 120 Historic Devonian Shale Gas Fields and new Marcellus wells permitted in 2006 and 2007
Legend
Black/Gray Shale Fields Black Shale Fields 2007 new Marcellus wells 2006 new Marcellus wells Miles 015 306090120 Huntersville/Oriskany Gas Fields
Legend
Huntersville/Oriskany Oriskany Combination Oriskany Pinchout Miles Oriskany Structure 015 30 60 90 120 Trenton- Black River play spurred additional NY deep Hydrothermal Dolomite (HTD) drilling in PA last 15 OH years in
) limited S L F ( e areas. n to s WV e im L d Legend re tu c ra F Trenton Gas Fields
Miles ¹ 020 40 80 120 160 West Virginia Nomenclature
W Berea Sandstone E Bedford Shale Hampshire Formation Cleveland Member Upper Huron Member Greenland Gap Group (“Chemung” Formation) Lower Huron Member
Ohio Shale Dunkirk Shale Member Java Fm. Pipe Creek Shale Member
Angola Shale Member Brallier Shale
TIME West Falls Formation Rhinestreet Shale Member Cashaqua Shale Member Sonyea Formation Middlesex Shale Member West River Shale Mbr. Geneseo Shale Member Burket Shale
Mahantango Formation Tully (?) Limestone
Tioga ash bed Marcellus Shale Onondaga Limestone “Corniferous” Huntersville Chert Oriskany Sandstone Helderberg Limestone Miles Marcellus thickness Marcellus extent Marcellus Millboro extent extent Huron Lower Rhinestreet extent
Legend
0
0
2
0
0
5 0
1 1 25
0 50 100 150 200
$
0 5 0 Extent of Marcellus, Rhinestreet, and Lower Huron Locations of cross sections from USGS Bulletin 1909
Legend $ Well location Miles 025 50 100 150 200 Cross Section Chemung County, NY to Potter County, PA
Cayuga
Ontario Seneca Wyoming Erie Yates Livingston Cortland
Chenango 80 78Tompkins 79 Schuyler 82 81
Steuben
Allegany 83 Cattaraugus 77 Broome Tioga Chemung
NY 76
75 PA Susquehanna
Bradford McKean Tioga Potter
Wyoming
74 Sullivan
Cameron Elk Lycoming
Clinton Luzerne
Columbia Clearfield e SW NE Crosby Sandstone West River Shale Member Renwick Shale Member
er emb Moscow Shale ne M esto Lim oint d P tlan Geneseo Shale Member Por
Tully Limestone Member Ludlowville Shale Menteth Limestone Member
Tichenor Limestone Member
Centerfield Limestone Member Skaneateles Shale
Stafford Limestone Member
Purcell Limestone Member Marcellus Cherry Valley Limestone Member Onondaga :Limestone
74 75 76 77 Potter Co., PA Tioga Co., PA Chemung Co., NY Chemung Co., NY 100 ft. Cross Section Somerset County, PA to Gilmer County, WV
Carroll Hancock 44 Indiana Blair Allegheny Cambria Tuscarawas 68 Jefferson Huntingdon Harrison 93 Westmoreland 95
Brooke Washington 94 43 67 Ohio Guernsey Bedford Belmont Somerset Fulton Fayette 66 42 Marshall Greene
Noble OH PA Monroe 65 41 Monongalia Allegany Wetzel WV MD Morgan 100 Garrett Marion Preston Washington Tyler 64 Mineral 101Pleasants Hampshire Taylor 40 Harrison 39 Doddridge Wood Ritchie Barbour Tucker Grant
Wirt 63 Hardy Lewis Gilmer Upshur Shenandoah Calhoun Jackson Randolph 62 Roane Braxton Pendleton Rockingham Webster Pocahontas
Kanawha Clay Nicholas Highland SW NE
Sonyea Formation
Genesee Formation Menteth Ls. Mbr.
r e Rhinestreet er b b m Shale em e Tichenor Ls. Mbr. M M Member le le le ha a a S h Tully Limestone h x S S e r s e w ? e o v o dl e i c d s R s i e t o Centerfield Ls. Mbr. M n s e e M le G a d rs W Sh n e le a b vil Cashaqua Shale Member k m ic e ow w Moscow & dl n m u Stafford Ls. Mbr. e le L R a Ludlowville Shale le h ha S S undivided es tel ea an Sk Purcell Ls. Mbr. Hamilton Group, Marcellus Shale undivided
Huntersville Chert Cherry Valley Ls. Mbr.
62 63 64 65 66 Gilmer Co., WV Lewis Co., WV Marion Co., WV Preston Co., WV Somerset Co., PA 100 ft. Where is the Marcellus present in WV? • It is present below the surface, at varying depths throughout much, but not all of WV. • It is not present in extreme eastern or western WV. • It crops out at the surface in parts of the Valley and Ridge province in eastern WV. • It varies in thickness across WV. Elevation of top of Onondaga Limestone, in feet
The Onondaga Structure Contours on top of Onondaga in feet Limestone immediately underlies the
Marcellus, so knowing Hancock 0 10 -4 the elevation of the top Brooke Ohio
Marshall of the Onondaga and - 0 6 -5700 - 6 - 0 3 6 2 3 0 1 0 5 0 - Monongalia 0 0
Wetzel 0 0 0 0 Morgan 0 0 0 0 Marion 0 0 0 2 0 5 0 7 5 Preston 0 5 Berkeley - 4 0 the surface elevation at Tyler 6 5 0 5 - - 6 - - - 0 00 0 0 Pleasants 58 0 0 Mineral Hampshire 8 - Taylor 0 0 Jefferson 3 -5 0 0 0 - Harrison 3 0 Doddridge 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 4 Wood 0 0 0 0 5 3 8 0 4 - - Ritchie 0 - 00 0 4 0 5 Tucker 0 - Barbour 5 a particular location - Grant 00 6 4 6 6 0 9 0 - - 0 0 - 9 56 0 Hardy - 0 - -3 0 0 0 Lewis 0 0 60 0 0 0 Wirt 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 6 5 - 0 7 0 Gilmer 5 0 00 5 0 2 9 5 4 0 0 5 1 - 0 - - - 2 5 1 - - 0 4 2 3 0 - 0 3 Calhoun - - Jackson 0 00 Upshur Randolph provides a way to 5 0 4 0 6 2 - -5 - Mason - 0 0 0 4 0 Pendleton Roane 2 0 0 0 1 0 5 Braxton 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 2 4 4 0 0 9 3 - 4 4 - - 9 0 0 - - 2 0 0 - Putnam 3 6 0 5 4 0 0 - - - 0 estimate the depth of a 4 Webster Clay 7 5 0 Cabell 3 0 2 3 - 0 - 2 Kanawha - 0 2 2 4800 - 40 00 Nicholas - Pocahontas 0 600 0 9 - 4 - -3 0 0 -4 2 Lincoln 0 6 0 5 0
6 - 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 Wayne 0 4 - 8 0 0 - 0 0 well drilled all the way 0 4 1 0 - 4 0 0 - 0 4 0 7
0 4 - 0 Boone - Fayette 3 0
2 8 Greenbrier 0 - - 0 5 2 33 - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Logan 0 0 5 through the Marcellus 0 4 6 Miles 0 4 4 0 4 2 - - 0 Raleigh - 0 3 0 7 0 - 7 4 0 025507510012.5 3 - 2 - 0 Summers - Mingo Wyoming 10 -5 Monroe 00 Shale. 0 49 0 - 47 - 00 Mercer McDowell 0 t -5
from Cardwell, 1982 Outcrops of Marcellus
The Marcellus is exposed at the surface in eastern WV as shown by the outcrop map. In the eastern-most counties, older rocks are exposed at the surface and the Marcellus is not present.
From 1968 state geologic map Thickness in feet and extent of Marcellus Shale in subsurface
Area of thicker Marcellus
Marcellus not present east of here Marcellus not present west of this line For Further Information:
• WV Geological & Economic Survey, http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu/
• WV Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Oil and Gas, http://www.wvdep.org/item.cfm?ssid=23 WVGES Interactive Mapping
• http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu Information on Devonian Shales including Marcellus Shale • Using this application, you can determine where the Marcellus is present below the surface, the approximate depth to drill through the Marcellus, and the approximate thickness of the Marcellus. • We cannot predict presence or absence of natural gas or quantities of gas with this application.