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Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia

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Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia Katharine Lee Avary West Virginia Geological & Economic Survey 304/594-2331 [email protected] www.wvgs.wvnet.edu WV: Where It All Began Then 1858 Renewed Interest in Drilling and Production Activity Now 2008 West Virginia’s location is ideal for northeast markets Source: Energy Information Administration WV’s gas and oil fields primarily in the western part of the State Wells 19,000 feet or deeper; n=3 ! Location of well 19,000 ! $ feet or deeper ! Source: WVGES database Wells 10,000 ! feet or deeper; ( n=43 (! (! (!(! (! (! (! (! (! ! (!(! ( (! (! (! (! (! (! (! (! (! ! ( (! (! (! (! !(! (! (!( (!(! (! !( (! (! (! (! Location of well (! (! 10,000 feet or deeper (! $ Source: WVGES database Different age rocks of Coalbed recent methane interest to oil and gas producers Marcellus Shale Trenton- Black River Recent Trenton wells have been drilled in 10 counties Wood Jackson Roane Braxton Calhoun Putnam Webster Clay Kanawha Wayne Lincoln Completed well Permitted well WV Trenton Gas Production 3,000,000 12,000,000 2,500,000 10,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000 1,500,000 6,000,000 Mcf (annual) Mcf Mcf (cumulative) 1,000,000 4,000,000 500,000 2,000,000 0 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year WV Counties Hancock with Recent Brooke CBM wells Ohio!( reported; total !( !(!(!(Marshall 690 wells !( !( !(!(!(!( !( !( !( !((!!(!(!(!(!( !(!( !( !(!( !(!( !(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!( !(!( Wetzel !(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!( Monongalia !(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!( !( !( !(!( !( Morgan !( Marion Preston Berkeley Tyler Doddridge Pleasants Mineral Taylor Hampshire Jefferson Harrison Wood !( Ritchie !( Barbour !( Tucker Grant Wirt Hardy Lewis Upshur Ca Gilmer l h Jackson o u Mason n Randolph Roane Braxton Pendleton Putnam Webster Cabell Clay Kanawha Pocahontas Nicholas Lincoln Wayne Completed CBM well Boone Fayette Greenbrier !( !(!( !( !( Logan !(!( M !( !( !(!(!(!(!(!( !( !( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!( !( in !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( (! Raleigh g !( !(!(!( !(!(!(!(!( o !(!(!( !( !( !(!(!(!( !( Summers Wyoming!( !(!( !(!(!( Monroe !( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!(!( !( !( Mercer !(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!( McDowell !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( 09/2006 West Virginia CBM Gas Production 25 120 100 20 f 80 15 Cumulative 60 10 production 40 Cumulative gas production, Bc Annual production, Bcf of Gas Bcf production, Annual 5 20 0 0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year Annual and Cumulative CBM production for WV; total 103 Bcf of gas; 2007 production >22 Bcf. The Marcellus Shale Play • What is it? • Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock. • The Marcellus is a particular rock unit which is Devonian in age. A Play • A play is defined as a group of geologically similar drilling prospects having similar source, reservoir and trap controls of gas migration, accumulation, and storage. • Patchen, D.G., 1996, Introduction to the Atlas of Major Appalachian Gas Plays, WV Geological and Economic Survey, Volume V-25, p. 1. Modified from White, 1980; 1988. White, D.A., 1980, Assessing oil and gas plays in facies-cycle wedges: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, p. 1158-1178. --- 1988, Oil and gas play maps in exploration and assessment: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 72, p. 944-949. Marcellus Shale From Milici, USGS Open File Report 2005-1268 Historic Devonian Shale Gas Fields Legend Black/Gray Shale Fields Black Shale Fields Miles 015 30 60 90 120 Historic Devonian Shale Gas Fields and new Marcellus wells permitted in 2006 and 2007 Legend Black/Gray Shale Fields Black Shale Fields 2007 new Marcellus wells 2006 new Marcellus wells Miles 015 306090120 Huntersville/Oriskany Gas Fields Legend Huntersville/Oriskany Oriskany Combination Oriskany Pinchout Miles Oriskany Structure 015 30 60 90 120 Trenton- Black River play spurred additional deep drilling in last 15 years in limited areas. Hydrothermal Dolomite (HTD) OH PA NY WV Fractured Limestone (FLS) ¹ Legend 0 40 80 120 160 20 Trenton Gas Fields Miles West Virginia Nomenclature W Berea Sandstone E Bedford Shale Hampshire Formation Cleveland Member Upper Huron Member Greenland Gap Group (“Chemung” Formation) Lower Huron Member Ohio Shale Dunkirk Shale Member Java Fm. Pipe Creek Shale Member Angola Shale Member Brallier Shale TIME West Falls Formation Rhinestreet Shale Member Cashaqua Shale Member Sonyea Formation Middlesex Shale Member West River Shale Mbr. Geneseo Shale Member Burket Shale Mahantango Formation Tully (?) Limestone Tioga ash bed Marcellus Shale Onondaga Limestone “Corniferous” Huntersville Chert Oriskany Sandstone Helderberg Limestone Extent of Marcellus, Rhinestreet, and Lower Huron 0 0 0 1 150 200 0 5 Legend Marcellus thickness Marcellus extent Millboro extent Lower Huron extent $ Rhinestreet extent Miles 025 50 100 150 200 Locations of cross sections from USGS Bulletin 1909 Legend $ Well location Miles 025 50 100 150 200 Cross Section Chemung County, NY to Potter County, PA Cayuga Ontario Seneca Wyoming Erie Yates Livingston Cortland Chenango 80 78Tompkins 79 Schuyler 82 81 Steuben Allegany 83 Cattaraugus 77 Broome Tioga Chemung NY 76 75 PA Susquehanna Bradford McKean Tioga Potter Wyoming 74 Sullivan Cameron Elk Lycoming Clinton Luzerne Columbia Clearfield e SW West River Shale Member Crosby Sandstone Renwick Shale Member Geneseo Shale Member NE Tully Limestone Member Menteth Limestone Member Portland Point Limestone Member Tichenor Limestone Member Moscow Shale Centerfield Limestone Member Ludlowville Shale Purcell Limestone Member Onondaga :Limestone Stafford Limestone Member 74 Potter Co., PA Skaneateles Shale 75 Tioga Co., PA Cherry Valley Limestone Member 76 Chemung Co., NY Marcellus 77 Chemung Co., NY 100 ft. Cross Section Somerset County, PA to Gilmer County, WV Carroll Hancock 44 Indiana Blair Allegheny Cambria Tuscarawas 68 Jefferson Huntingdon Harrison 93 Westmoreland 95 Brooke Washington 94 43 67 Ohio Guernsey Bedford Belmont Somerset Fulton Fayette 66 42 Marshall Greene Noble OH PA Monroe 65 41 Monongalia Allegany Wetzel WV MD Morgan 100 Garrett Marion Preston Washington Tyler 64 Mineral 101Pleasants Hampshire Taylor 40 Harrison 39 Doddridge Wood Ritchie Barbour Tucker Grant Wirt 63 Hardy Lewis Gilmer Upshur Shenandoah Calhoun Jackson Randolph 62 Roane Braxton Pendleton Rockingham Webster Pocahontas Kanawha Clay Nicholas Highland SW NE Sonyea Formation Genesee Formation Menteth Ls. Mbr. r e Rhinestreet er b b m Shale em e Tichenor Ls. Mbr. M M Member le le le a a a h h h S Tully Limestone x S S e r s e w ? e o v o dl e i c d s R s i e t o Centerfield Ls. Mbr. M n s e e M le G a d rs W Sh n e le a b vil Cashaqua Shale Member k m ic e ow w Moscow & dl n m u Stafford Ls. Mbr. e le L R a Ludlowville Shale le h ha S S undivided es tel ea an Sk Purcell Ls. Mbr. Hamilton Group, Marcellus Shale undivided Huntersville Chert Cherry Valley Ls. Mbr. 62 63 64 65 66 Gilmer Co., WV Lewis Co., WV Marion Co., WV Preston Co., WV Somerset Co., PA 100 ft. Where is the Marcellus present in WV? • It is present below the surface, at varying depths throughout much, but not all of WV. • It is not present in extreme eastern or western WV. • It crops out at the surface in parts of the Valley and Ridge province in eastern WV. • It varies in thickness across WV. Elevation of top of Onondaga Limestone, in feet The Onondaga Structure Contours on top of Onondaga in feet Limestone immediately underlies the Marcellus, so knowing Hancock 0 10 -4 the elevation of the top Brooke Ohio Marshall of the Onondaga and - 0 6 -5700 - 6 - 0 3 6 2 3 0 1 0 5 0 - Monongalia 0 0 Wetzel 0 0 0 0 Morgan 0 0 0 0 Marion 0 0 0 2 0 5 0 7 5 Preston 0 5 Berkeley - 4 0 the surface elevation at Tyler 6 5 0 5 - - 6 - - - 0 00 0 0 Pleasants 58 0 0 Mineral Hampshire 8 - Taylor 0 0 Jefferson 3 -5 0 0 0 - Harrison 3 0 Doddridge 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 4 Wood 0 0 0 0 5 3 8 0 4 - - Ritchie 0 - 00 0 4 0 5 Tucker 0 - Barbour 5 a particular location - Grant 00 6 4 6 6 0 9 0 - - 0 0 - 9 56 0 Hardy - 0 - -3 0 0 0 Lewis 0 0 60 0 0 0 Wirt 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 6 5 - 0 7 0 Gilmer 5 0 00 5 0 2 9 5 4 0 0 5 1 - 0 - - - 2 5 1 - - 0 4 2 3 0 - 0 3 Calhoun - - Jackson 0 00 Upshur Randolph provides a way to 5 0 4 0 6 2 - -5 - Mason - 0 0 0 4 0 Pendleton Roane 2 0 0 0 1 0 5 Braxton 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 2 4 4 0 0 9 3 - 4 4 - - 9 0 0 - - 2 0 0 - Putnam 3 6 0 5 4 0 0 - - - 0 estimate the depth of a 4 Webster Clay 7 5 0 Cabell 3 0 2 3 - 0 - 2 Kanawha - 0 2 2 4800 - 40 00 Nicholas - Pocahontas 0 600 0 9 - 4 - -3 0 0 -4 2 Lincoln 0 6 0 5 0 6 - 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 0 4 - Wayne - 8 0 0 0 0 well drilled all the way 0 4 1 0 - 4 0 0 - 0 4 0 7 0 4 - 0 Boone - Fayette 3 0 2 8 Greenbrier 0 - - 0 5 2 33 - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Logan 0 0 5 through the Marcellus 0 4 6 Miles 0 4 4 0 4 2 - - 0 Raleigh - 0 3 0 7 0 - 7 4 0 025507510012.5 3 - 2 - 0 Summers - Mingo Wyoming 10 -5 Monroe 00 Shale. 0 49 0 - 47 - 00 Mercer McDowell 0 t -5 from Cardwell, 1982 Outcrops of Marcellus The Marcellus is exposed at the surface in eastern WV as shown by the outcrop map. In the eastern-most counties, older rocks are exposed at the surface and the Marcellus is not present.
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