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Honor Violence, Crimes D'honneur, Ehrenmorde

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Honor Violence, Crimes D'honneur, Ehrenmorde HONOR VIOLENCE, CRIMES D’HONNEUR, EHRENMORDE Improving the Identification, Risk Assessment, and Estimation of Honor Crimes Internationally Inaugural dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Social Sciences in the Graduate School of Economic and Social Sciences at the University of Mannheim Submitted by Mariel McKone Leonard Dean for the School of Social Sciences: Prof. Dr. Michael Diehl First supervisor: Prof. Dr. Florian Keusch Second supervisor: apl. Prof Dr. Susan Steiner First reviewer: Prof. Dr. Frauke Kreuter Second reviewer: Prof. Dr. Florian Keusch Third reviewer: apl. Prof Dr. Susan Steiner Date of Defense: 18 June, 2020 May their memories be for a blessing. FRONT MATTER TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................................................................... II LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................................................... II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................................................................... III CO-AUTHOR STATEMENT ....................................................................................................................................................... V 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. PUBLICLY AVAILABLE AND NON-PROPRIETARY RESOURCES ............................................................................ 7 1.2. EMPIRICAL DISCUSSION OF HONOR-BASED VIOLENCE ..................................................................................... 10 1.3. PRACTITIONER-FOCUSED DISSEMINATION ......................................................................................................... 11 1.4. ORGANIZATION OF THE DISSERTATION .............................................................................................................. 11 1.5. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 2. WHEN HONOR ISN’T: EMPIRICALLY (RE)DEFINING HONOR CRIMES ............................. 17 2.1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 2.2. CONCEPTUALIZATION AND OPERATIONALIZATION OF HONOR CRIMES IN SCHOLARLY RESEARCH AND POLICY ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 2.3. HONOR-KILLING DATABASE DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................... 23 2.4. OPERATIONALIZATION TESTING WITH LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS ................................................................. 29 2.5. RECONSIDERING HONOR CRIMES ........................................................................................................................ 37 2.6. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 2.7. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................. 42 3. INVESTIGATING HONOR: IDENTIFYING VICTIM TYPES AND RISK FACTORS TO IMPROVE HONOR-BASED VIOLENCE CASE MANAGEMENT ......................................................... 49 3.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 49 3.2 ASSESSING HONOR-BASED VIOLENCE: THE STATE OF THE ART .................................................................... 52 3.3 OVERVIEW OF HONOR KILLING DATA ............................................................................................................... 56 3.4 UNDERSTANDING HONOR VICTIMS ..................................................................................................................... 58 3.5 IMPLICATIONS FOR CASE MANAGEMENT AND INTERVENTION ...................................................................... 65 3.6 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................................. 67 3.7 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................. 69 4. MISSING VICTIMS, HIDDEN CRIMES: IMPROVING ESTIMATES OF HONOR KILLINGS USING MISSING DATA IMPUTATION .................................................................................................... 73 4.1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 73 4.2. THE PRODUCTION OF HONOR CRIMES STATISTICS ........................................................................................... 74 4.3. IMPROVING HONOR KILLING STATISTICS ........................................................................................................... 78 4.4. COUNTRY-SPECIFIC ESTIMATES OF HONOR KILLINGS ..................................................................................... 83 4.5. INTERPRETING THE EVIDENCE: LIMITATIONS AND CAVEATS ........................................................................ 89 4.6. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................................. 90 4.7. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................. 91 5. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 95 5.1. SUMMARIZING THE DISSERTATION ...................................................................................................................... 95 5.2. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COUNTERING HONOR-BASED VIOLENCE ............................................................ 96 5.3. LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 97 5.4. FUTURE WORK ......................................................................................................................................................... 97 5.5. CLOSING .................................................................................................................................................................... 98 5.6. REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................................... 100 i HONOR VIOLENCE, CRIMES D’HONNEUR, EHRENMORDE 6. APPENDICES ...................................................................................................................................... 103 APPENDIX CHAPTER 2 ......................................................................................................................................................... 103 APPENDIX CHAPTER 3 ......................................................................................................................................................... 115 APPENDIX CHAPTER 4 ......................................................................................................................................................... 121 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1.1. MEDIUM- AND LARGE-N HONOR-BASED VIOLENCE DATASETS/STUDIES .................................................... 8 TABLE 2.1. OVERVIEW OF DATA SOURCES .............................................................................................................................. 24 TABLE 2.2. SUSPECTED HONOR KILLINGS – CASE STATISTICS ............................................................................................ 28 TABLE 2.3. MODEL FIT INDICATORS – CASE DATA ............................................................................................................... 31 TABLE 2.4. PREDICTED PROBABILITIES AND ODDS RATIOS BY OPERATIONALIZING CHARACTERISTICS – HONOR VS. IPV CLASSES .................................................................................................................................................................. 34 TABLE 3.1. HONOR KILLING DATASET – DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS ................................................................................... 58 TABLE 3.2. BIVARIATE ANALYSIS – PRIMARY VICTIMS .......................................................................................................... 59 TABLE 3.3 MODEL FIT INDICATORS .........................................................................................................................................
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