2018 Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA)
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2018 Community Health Needs Assessment Wayne County, North Carolina & Health Department 1 Message to the Community Dear Community Members, Wayne County is pleased to share with you our 2018 Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA). Since the beginning of the health department and hospital collaborative in 2012, the community health needs assessment teams have been committed to improving the lives and health of people living in our communities. This report is a tangible representation of our continued commitment to that goal. Health is driven by much more than what happens in the doctor‘s office. What determines health begins — long before illness — in our homes, schools, and jobs. Despite our genetics playing a role, we have the opportunity to make choices that can help us all to live a healthier life, regardless of our background. People whose circumstances have made them vulnerable to poor health need our help in working towards eliminating barriers that provide everyone with the chance to live a healthy life. This work cannot happen without first making use of health data, evidenced-based research, and other facts that serve as the foundation. The CHNA provides indicators of health status, such as the prevalence of disease and its effect in both economic and human terms. By using the CHNA, we can evaluate relevant determinants of health that gives valuable insight in guiding decisions that create a pathway for improving the health of our community. Everyone in our community should have the opportunity to make healthy behavioral choices (i.e., regarding diet, physical activity, tobacco use, stress) since this can have the most substantial impact on future health outcomes. Wherever possible, through programs, services, public policy or other means, emphasis needs to be placed on prevention and addressing health choices before the medical need. Research has explicitly shown through the County Health Rankings by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and others that clinical care represents only 20% of determining health status, while behavioral choices account for 30% and social and economic factors account for 40%. Through changes in public policy, it is possible that most people, regardless of income, could have the ability to see a doctor. Health insurance does not guarantee good health, but it does provide essential access to preventative health services. It can reduce the risk of deferring needed care and the financial risk associated with receiving care. Our success in building a healthy community should be linked to collective community efforts that nurture its families and communities. We encourage partnerships with local agencies and businesses, civic and religious institutions, government, and community volunteers to join us in this work. Although we may not be able to remove every illness, this Community Health Needs Assessment shows that there is much we can accomplish by fostering good health and addressing gaps. Health begins with healthy relationships, healthy communities, and healthy jobs, which protect us from the stress of everyday life. Best of Health, Janie Jaberg, FACHE Davin Madden, MHSA, REHS President & CEO Health Director Wayne UNC Health Care Wayne County Health Department 2 Table of Contents Message to the Community ......................................................................................................................... 2 List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................................. 6 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) Defined ............................................................................................... 9 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 13 Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) Process ............................................................................................. 13 Wayne County CHNA Collaborative ........................................................................................................................... 13 Wayne County Health Department ......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Wayne UNC Health Care ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 About Health ENC ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 Consultants .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 HealthENC.org ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 Distribution ............................................................................................................................................................... 16 Evaluation of Progress Since Prior CHNA ................................................................................................. 16 Community Feedback on Prior CHNA ........................................................................................................................ 16 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................................... 17 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................. 18 Overview .................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Secondary Data Sources & Analysis ........................................................................................................................... 18 Health and Quality of Life Topic Areas ....................................................................................................................... 19 Health ENC Region Comparison ................................................................................................................................ 19 Primary Data Collection & Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 20 Community Survey/Distribution ............................................................................................................................................................................ 20 Demographics of Survey Respondents .................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Focus Group Discussions ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 24 Data Considerations .................................................................................................................................................. 25 Prioritization ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Priorities – Focusing on What’s Important ............................................................................................................................................................. 27 Overview of Wayne County ....................................................................................................................... 28 Demographic Profile .................................................................................................................................................. 29 Population ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Age and Gender....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Birth Rate ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Race/Ethnicity ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Tribal Distribution of Population 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