The Native Plant Center Large Deciduous Shrub Or Small Tree with Striking Horizontal Branching
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"National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment. -
Specialist Foragers in Forest Bee Communities Are Small, Social Or Emerge Early
Received: 5 November 2018 | Accepted: 2 April 2019 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13003 RESEARCH ARTICLE Specialist foragers in forest bee communities are small, social or emerge early Colleen Smith1,2 | Lucia Weinman1,2 | Jason Gibbs3 | Rachael Winfree2 1GraDuate Program in Ecology & Evolution, Rutgers University, New Abstract Brunswick, New Jersey 1. InDiviDual pollinators that specialize on one plant species within a foraging bout 2 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and transfer more conspecific and less heterospecific pollen, positively affecting plant Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey reproDuction. However, we know much less about pollinator specialization at the 3Department of Entomology, University of scale of a foraging bout compared to specialization by pollinator species. Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanaDa 2. In this stuDy, we measured the Diversity of pollen carried by inDiviDual bees forag- Correspondence ing in forest plant communities in the miD-Atlantic United States. Colleen Smith Email: [email protected] 3. We found that inDiviDuals frequently carried low-Diversity pollen loaDs, suggest- ing that specialization at the scale of the foraging bout is common. InDiviDuals of Funding information Xerces Society for Invertebrate solitary bee species carried higher Diversity pollen loaDs than Did inDiviDuals of Conservation; Natural Resources social bee species; the latter have been better stuDied with respect to foraging Conservation Service; GarDen Club of America bout specialization, but account for a small minority of the worlD’s bee species. Bee boDy size was positively correlated with pollen load Diversity, and inDiviDuals HanDling EDitor: Julian Resasco of polylectic (but not oligolectic) species carried increasingly Diverse pollen loaDs as the season progresseD, likely reflecting an increase in the Diversity of flowers in bloom. -
Diversity and Evolution of Asterids!
Diversity and Evolution of Asterids! . mints and snapdragons . ! *Boraginaceae - borage family! Widely distributed, large family of alternate leaved plants. Typically hairy. Typically possess helicoid or scorpiod cymes = compound monochasium. Many are poisonous or used medicinally. Mertensia virginica - Eastern bluebells *Boraginaceae - borage family! CA (5) CO (5) A 5 G (2) Gynobasic style; not terminal style which is usual in plants; this feature is shared with the mint family (Lamiaceae) which is not related Myosotis - forget me not 2 carpels each with 2 ovules are separated at maturity and each further separated into 1 ovuled compartments Fruit typically 4 nutlets *Boraginaceae - borage family! Echium vulgare Blueweed, viper’s bugloss adventive *Boraginaceae - borage family! Hackelia virginiana Beggar’s-lice Myosotis scorpioides Common forget-me-not *Boraginaceae - borage family! Lithospermum canescens Lithospermum incisium Hoary puccoon Fringed puccoon *Boraginaceae - borage family! pin thrum Lithospermum canescens • Lithospermum (puccoon) - classic Hoary puccoon dimorphic heterostyly *Boraginaceae - borage family! Mertensia virginica Eastern bluebells Botany 401 final field exam plant! *Boraginaceae - borage family! Leaves compound or lobed and “water-marked” Hydrophyllum virginianum - Common waterleaf Botany 401 final field exam plant! **Oleaceae - olive family! CA (4) CO (4) or 0 A 2 G (2) • Woody plants, opposite leaves • 4 merous actinomorphic or regular flowers Syringa vulgaris - Lilac cultivated **Oleaceae - olive family! CA (4) -
Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology
he name DGGTB (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Theorie der Biologie; German Society for the History and Philosophy of BioT logy) refl ects recent history as well as German tradition. Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie The Society is a relatively late addition to a series of German societies of science and medicine that began with the “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften”, Annals of the History founded in 1910 by Leipzig University‘s Karl Sudhoff (1853-1938), who wrote: “We want to establish a ‘German’ society in order to gather Ger- and Philosophy of Biology man-speaking historians together in our special disciplines so that they form the core of an international society…”. Yet Sudhoff, at this Volume 17 (2012) time of burgeoning academic internationalism, was “quite willing” to accommodate the wishes of a number of founding members and formerly Jahrbuch für “drop the word German in the title of the Society and have it merge Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie with an international society”. The founding and naming of the Society at that time derived from a specifi c set of histori- cal circumstances, and the same was true some 80 years lat- er when in 1991, in the wake of German reunifi cation, the “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie” was founded. From the start, the Society has been committed to bringing stud- ies in the history and philosophy of biology to a wide audience, us- ing for this purpose its Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie. Parallel to the Jahrbuch, the Verhandlungen zur Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie has become the by now traditional medi- Annals of the History and Philosophy Biology, Vol. -
SPRING WILDFLOWERS of OHIO Field Guide DIVISION of WILDLIFE 2 INTRODUCTION This Booklet Is Produced by the ODNR Division of Wildlife As a Free Publication
SPRING WILDFLOWERS OF OHIO field guide DIVISION OF WILDLIFE 2 INTRODUCTION This booklet is produced by the ODNR Division of Wildlife as a free publication. This booklet is not for resale. Any By Jim McCormac unauthorized reproduction is prohibited. All images within this booklet are copyrighted by the Division of Wild- life and it’s contributing artists and photographers. For additional information, please call 1-800-WILDLIFE. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) has a long history of promoting wildflower conservation and appreciation. ODNR’s landholdings include 21 state forests, 136 state nature preserves, 74 state parks, and 117 wildlife HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE areas. Collectively, these sites total nearly 600,000 acres Bloom Calendar Scientific Name (Scientific Name Pronunciation) Scientific Name and harbor some of the richest wildflower communities in MID MAR - MID APR Definition BLOOM: FEB MAR APR MAY JUN Ohio. In August of 1990, ODNR Division of Natural Areas and Sanguinaria canadensis (San-gwin-ar-ee-ah • can-ah-den-sis) Sanguinaria = blood, or bleeding • canadensis = of Canada Preserves (DNAP), published a wonderful publication entitled Common Name Bloodroot Ohio Wildflowers, with the tagline “Let Them Live in Your Eye Family Name POPPY FAMILY (Papaveraceae). 2 native Ohio species. DESCRIPTION: .CTIGUJQY[ƃQYGTYKVJPWOGTQWUYJKVGRGVCNU Not Die in Your Hand.” This booklet was authored by the GRJGOGTCNRGVCNUQHVGPHCNNKPIYKVJKPCFC[5KPINGNGCHGPYTCRU UVGOCVƃQYGTKPIVKOGGXGPVWCNN[GZRCPFUKPVQCNCTIGTQWPFGFNGCH YKVJNQDGFOCTIKPUCPFFGGRDCUCNUKPWU -
Native Pollinator Plants by Season of Bloom
Native Pollinator Plants by Season of Bloom Extended list of forage and host plants for bees, butterflies and moths Very early spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS American hazelnut, Corylus americana, Bloodroot, Sanguinaria Canadensis C. cornuta Sand/moss phlox, Phlox bifida & P. subulata American honeysuckle, Lonicera canadensis Pussy willow, Salix discolor Shadbush, Amerlanchier canadensis, A. laevis Bloodroot, © Lisa Looke Early spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS Bayberry, Morella caroliniensis Blue cohosh, Caulophyllum thalictroides Flowering big-bracted dogwood, Benthamidia Dutchman’s breeches, Dicentra cucullaria florida Crested Iris, Iris cristata* Hobblebush, Viburnum lanatanoides Golden groundsel, Packera aurea Red eldeberry, Sambucus pubens Spicebush, Lindera benzoin Marsh marigold, Caltha palustrus Sweet fern, Comptonia peregrina Pussytoes, Antennaria spp. Sweetgale, Myrica gale Rue anemone, Thalictrum thalictroides Wild plums Violets, Viola adunca, V. cuccularia Beach plum, Prunus maritima Virginia bluebells, Mertensia virginica* Canada plum, Prunus nigra Marsh marigold, © Lisa Looke Sand plum, Prunus pumila Mid-spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS (continued) Bearberry, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Canada wild ginger, Asarum canadense Black huckleberry, Gaylussacia baccata Common golden Alexanders, Zizia aurea Blueberry, Vaccinium spp. Early meadow-rue, Thalictrum dioicum Eastern shooting star, Dodecatheon meadia* Chokeberry, Aronia arbutifolia & Aronia Foam flower, Tiarella cordifolia melanocarpa Heart-leaved golden Alexanders, Zizia aptera Common snowberry, Symphoricarpos albus Jacob’s ladder, Polemonium reptans* Fragrant sumac, Rhus aromatica* King Solomon’s-seal, Polygonatum biflorum Mountain maple, Acer spicatum var. commutaturn Nannyberry, Viburnum lentago Large-leaved pussytoes, Antennaria Red buckeye, Aesculus pavia* plantaginifolia Nodding onion, Alium cernuum* Spotted crane’s-bill, © Lisa Looke Redbud, Cersis canadensis* Striped maple, Acer pennsylvanicum Red baneberry, Actaea rubra Red columbine, Aquilegia canadensis Solomon’s plume, Maianthemum racemosum PERENNIALS (syn. -
Hummingbirds by Cindy Gilberg
Native Gardening for Hummingbirds by Cindy Gilberg When do the hummingbirds return to St. Louis? Their arrival in mid-late April is almost perfectly timed to the blooming of wild columbine ( Aquilegia canadensis ) in our woodlands. The promise of nectar is welcome after an exhausting spring migration north from Mexico and Central America. Known only in the western hemisphere, there are over 300 species of hummingbirds but only one that commonly frequents our gardens – the ruby throated hummingbird. These tiny gems have iridescent plumage and are, as John J. Audubon once remarked, “glittering fragments of a rainbow”. Fondly referred to as ‘hummers’ by many, their preferred native habitat is woodland edges. A good mix (about 50/50) of open area to tree and shrub plantings is an easily attained landscape in residential properties. This will provide everything they need from shelter and nesting areas to open arenas for their aerial displays during mating season. Because of hummingbirds’ high metabolism and need for copious amounts of energy-rich nectar, they can’t afford to waste time foraging – flowers help them out by advertising both color and shape. Red, yellow and orange flowers as well as tubular flowers are ‘flags’ that draw the attention of hummers. These flowers co-evolved with long-tongued creatures (hummingbirds and butterflies), offering a tasty meal in exchange for pollination. A lesser known fact is that these miniature birds compliment their sweet tooth by hunting for small insects that add much-needed protein to their diet. The key to creating a garden attractive to hummingbirds as well as many other insects and birds is to plant a diverse backbone of the native plants they depend on for survival. -
Checklist of the Washington Baltimore Area
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part I Ferns, Fern Allies, Gymnosperms, and Dicotyledons by Stanwyn G. Shetler and Sylvia Stone Orli Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History 2000 Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 ii iii PREFACE The better part of a century has elapsed since A. S. Hitchcock and Paul C. Standley published their succinct manual in 1919 for the identification of the vascular flora in the Washington, DC, area. A comparable new manual has long been needed. As with their work, such a manual should be produced through a collaborative effort of the region’s botanists and other experts. The Annotated Checklist is offered as a first step, in the hope that it will spark and facilitate that effort. In preparing this checklist, Shetler has been responsible for the taxonomy and nomenclature and Orli for the database. We have chosen to distribute the first part in preliminary form, so that it can be used, criticized, and revised while it is current and the second part (Monocotyledons) is still in progress. Additions, corrections, and comments are welcome. We hope that our checklist will stimulate a new wave of fieldwork to check on the current status of the local flora relative to what is reported here. When Part II is finished, the two parts will be combined into a single publication. We also maintain a Web site for the Flora of the Washington-Baltimore Area, and the database can be searched there (http://www.nmnh.si.edu/botany/projects/dcflora). -
Wildflowers and Ferns Along the Acton Arboretum Wildflower Trail and in Other Gardens FERNS (Including Those Occurring Naturally
Wildflowers and Ferns Along the Acton Arboretum Wildflower Trail and In Other Gardens Updated to June 9, 2018 by Bruce Carley FERNS (including those occurring naturally along the trail and both boardwalks) Royal fern (Osmunda regalis): occasional along south boardwalk, at edge of hosta garden, and elsewhere at Arboretum Cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea): naturally occurring in quantity along south boardwalk Interrupted fern (Osmunda claytoniana): naturally occurring in quantity along south boardwalk Maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum): several healthy clumps along boardwalk and trail, a few in other Arboretum gardens Common polypody (Polypodium virginianum): 1 small clump near north boardwalk Hayscented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula): aggressive species; naturally occurring along north boardwalk Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum): occasional along wildflower trail; common elsewhere at Arboretum Broad beech fern (Phegopteris hexagonoptera): up to a few near north boardwalk; also in rhododendron and hosta gardens New York fern (Thelypteris noveboracensis): naturally occurring and abundant along wildflower trail * Ostrich fern (Matteuccia pensylvanica): well-established along many parts of wildflower trail; fiddleheads edible Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis): naturally occurring and abundant along south boardwalk Lady fern (Athyrium filix-foemina): moderately present along wildflower trail and south boardwalk Common woodfern (Dryopteris spinulosa): 1 patch of 4 plants along south boardwalk; occasional elsewhere at Arboretum Marginal -
A Vascular Plant Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of the Johnson
A Vascular Plant Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of the Johnson County Heritage Trust's Belgum Grove in Johnson County, Iowa Prepared for the Johnson County Heritage Trust By Thomas P. Madsen Honor’s Undergraduate in Environmental Sciences University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242 Submitted: April 2006 Table of Contents Pages Executive Summary 1 Introduction 1 General Land Office Survey 3 Aerial Photographs 5 Soil Survey 12 Methods 13 Results and Discussion 15 Species Diversity 15 Vegetation Analysis 15 Management Concerns 21 Conclusions 22 Acknowledgements 23 References 24 Appendix 25 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • 250 species of vascular plants have been documented from Belgum Grove, and an extraordinarily low percentage (71%) is native. • Vegetation on the site is dominated by a small number of alien species, and most native species are very limited in abundance. • The property supports three man-made plant communities, Pasture, Reconstructed Prairie, and Riparian. One natural community, Woodland, is also supported. • Historically covered by prairie, most of the site has been farmed since 1937. • Several aggressive alien species, including wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) and ox-eye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) present a challenge to sustainable management on the property. INTRODUCTION Belgum Grove is a 40-acre site located in section 13, township 78N, range 7W (Fig. 1). It was acquired by the Johnson County Heritage Trust in 1998. Prior to its acquisition, the property was utilized for agricultural purposes. The site was largely pastured, but also supported a small orchard. Figure 1. Topographic Map Figure 2. 2002 Aerial Photograph General Land Office Survey In May of 1841, General Land Office Surveyors Foley and McDonald passed within 1/4 mile of Belgum Grove along two section lines, first between sections 13 and 14, and second between sections 13 and 24 of township 78N, range 7W. -
Wisconsin Flora Tour Introduction to Course Numbers of Families, Genera
Vascular Flora of Wisconsin 20 January 2009 Wisconsin Flora Tour Introduction to course Numbers of families, genera and species within major groupings in Wisconsin Group Families Genera Species Species Total Native Introduced Cryptogams 13 31 112 0 112 Gymnosperms 3 8 15 2 17 Angiosperms Dicotyledons 115 575 1161 573 1734 Monocots 27 171 601 106 707 TOTAL 158 785 1889 681 2570 Largest families (50 or more taxa) and genera (15 or more taxa) in the Wisconsin flora Family No. of Taxa Genus No. of Taxa Asteraceae 373 Carex (sedge) 168 Poaceae 254 Aster (aster) 80 Cyperaceae 251 Rubus (raspberry) 55 Rosaceae 187 Crateagus (hawthorn) 47 Fabaceae 88 Viola (violet) 33 Brassicaceae 87 Panicum (panic grass) 32 Scrophulariaceae 75 Potamogeton (pondweed) 32 Lamiaceae 72 Salix (willow) 31 Caryophyllaceae 63 Polygonum (smartweed) 30 Orchidaceae 57 Solidago (goldenrod) 30 Ranunculaceaee 53 Juncus (rush) 29 Helianthus (sunflower) 20 Ranunculus (buttercup) 20 Chenopodium (chenopod) 19 Eleocharis (spikerush) 19 Lonicera (honeysuckle) 18 Veronica (veronica) 18 Rosa (rose) 16 Galium (bedstraw) 15 Source: Wisconsin State Herbarium (http://www.botany.wisc.edu/herbarium/) Four major floristic elements in the Wisconsin flora Boreal Alleghenian Ozarkian Prairie Two floristic provinces Northern hardwood Prairie forests Tension Zone Brief look at four plant communities Beech maple or southern mesic Oak forest or southern xeric Prairie Bog or fen Vascular Flora of Wisconsin 22 January 2009 Nomenclature and Vascular Cryptogams I Nomenclature vs. Classification Rank -
Effortless and Evergreen Plant List
Effortless and Evergreen Plant List Botanical Name Common Name Conditions Reproductive Strategy Evergreen/Foliage Present Aquilegia canadensis Eastern Red Sun/Part Shade Seed No, but foliage/basal Columbine Average rosette persists. Filler Asarum canadense Canadian Ginger Shade Rhizomatous No, but foliage emerges Dry to Average early spring. Carex amphibola Creek sedge Part Sun/Shade Rhizomatous Yes Average to Wet Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Part Sun/Shade Rhizomatous No, but foliage persists Moist to Dry for winter groundcover. Chrysogonum virginianum Green and Gold Sun/Part Shade Rhizomatous Yes Dry to Average Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern Sun/Part Shade Rhizomatous No Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern Shade Rhizomatous Yes Average Eurybia divaricata White Wood Aster Part Shade/Shade Rhizomatous No, but foliage emerges Average to Dry Seed early spring. Fragaria virginiana Woodland Sun/Part Sun Stoloniferous Yes Strawberry Average Geranium maculatum Cranesbill Part Sun/Shade Seed No, but foliage emerges Average Self-sower early spring. Prepared by Missy Fabel [email protected] October 5, 2019 Effortless and Evergreen Plant List Botanical Name Common Name Conditions Reproductive Strategy Evergreen/Foliage Present Heuchera villosa Alumroot Part Sun/Shade Rhizomatous Yes ‘Autumn Bride’ Dry to Average Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Sun/Part Shade Seed No, but basal rosette Moist to Wet Biennial persists. Lobelia siphilitica Blue Lobelia Part Shade/Shade Seed No, but basal rosette Average to Moist Biennial