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CTBUH Journal About the Council The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban CTBUH Journal Habitat, based at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago, is an international International Journal on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat not-for-profi t organization supported by architecture, engineering, planning, development, and construction professionals. Founded in 1969, the Council’s mission is to Tall buildings: design, construction, and operation | 2014 Issue II disseminate multi-disciplinary information on tall buildings and sustainable urban environments, to maximize the international Pearl River Tower, Guangzhou interaction of professionals involved in creating the built environment, and to make the latest Is Net-Zero Tall Possible? knowledge available to professionals in a useful form. Braced Megaframe for Torre BBVA Bancomer The CTBUH disseminates its fi ndings, and Mortality Rates in Swiss High-Rises facilitates business exchange, through: the publication of books, monographs, Debating Tall: Ice on High-Rise proceedings, and reports; the organization of world congresses, international, regional, and Talking Tall: Korea’s “Invisible” Tower specialty conferences and workshops; the maintaining of an extensive website and tall In Numbers: Highest Helipads building databases of built, under construction, and proposed buildings; the distribution of a monthly international tall building e-newsletter; the maintaining of an international resource center; the bestowing of annual awards for design and construction excellence and individual lifetime achievement; the management of special task forces/ working groups; the hosting of technical forums; and the publication of the CTBUH Journal, a professional journal containing refereed papers written by researchers, scholars, and practicing professionals. The Council is the arbiter of the criteria upon which tall building height is measured, and thus the title of “The World’s Tallest Building” determined. CTBUH is the world’s leading body dedicated to the fi eld of tall buildings and urban habitat and the recognized international source for information in these fi elds. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat S.R. Crown Hall Illinois Institute of Technology 3360 South State Street Chicago, IL 60616 Phone: +1 (312) 567 3487 Fax: +1 (312) 567 3820 Email: [email protected] http://www.ctbuh.org ISSN: 1946 - 1186 Inside News and Events Features Sustainability/Green/Energy 18 Is Net-Zero Tall Possible? an assortment of space requirements, or architectural systems of the building. The The analysis undertaken in this study used including academic, hospitality, retail, university was in the process of meeting with two primary software packages for evaluating Are Net Zero tall buildings possible in dense city cores? Or are cities destined to recreational, and residential spaces. The community and city groups and committees energy consumption, and tracking energy lose ground on sustainable innovation to less-compact suburban areas? These complexity and potential intensity of the on modifications and other early stage efficiency and generation. Extensive are two questions asked at the onset of an ambitious research project building made it a desirable research subject. approvals. An Environmental Impact Statement simulations were completed for the project, undertaken by Chambers Design through the New York University (NYU)’s The assumption was that if it could be net (EIS) was provided by the university that including: solar insolation analysis, solar Green Grant Program. zero, then other, less-complex buildings could outlined the majority of the energy information thermal gain, bioclimatic integration, exterior 02 This Issue 48 Tall Buildings in Numbers achieve net zero. The building was to rise at for the project, such as energy consumption, and interior computational fluid dynamics the corner of Houston and Mercer streets in grid-sourced energy, emissions, and the (CFD), HVAC energy consumption, electric Neil Chambers Introduction higher percentage should be achievable than Manhattan on a site currently occupied by breakdown of energy types to be used for the lighting analysis, daylighting analysis, that predicted in the NREL report. Coles Sports and Recreation Center, a building (natural gas and electricity). photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation Author Net zero buildings, also known as Zero Energy five-level building totaling 13,192 square simulation, heating and cooling loads, and Daniel Safarik, Highest Helipads Neil Chambers, CEO/Founder Chambers Design, Inc. Buildings (ZEBs), are an elusive but evergreen Other factors increase the likelihood of ZEBs in meters. The Zipper Building, in contrast, The EIS stated that the project would pursue a insulation optimization analysis. The team 155 Water Street, Suite 33 goal of architects and engineers. Many urban infill projects as well. A new focus on all would be nearly 91 meters tall at its highest LEED Silver certification as required by the NYU used IES-VE Pro and eQuest for all of the Brooklyn, NY, 11201 United States definitions exist for this building typology aspects of energy efficiency, from plug-load point, with five other towers ranging from 51 Sustainable Design Standards and Guidelines. energy simulations. Both packages provide a t: +1 917 592 8242 (Pless 2010) however the project covered in this reduction to thermally-active surface to 69 meters. Since the study, some The EIS indicated that energy performance visual virtual model for the process. eQuest e: [email protected] Editor www.chambersdesigninc.com paper defines ZEBs as buildings that produce integration, is proving that all types of buildings modifications have changed the height of the would be 20% above the ASHRAE Standard was used to allow outside professionals to as much energy as they consume on-site. They are capable of achieving substantial energy towers, based on New York City Council 90.1-2004 and/or attain an energy performance peer-review the simulations. A complete Neil Chambers can be connected to the power grid. On-site savings. Lastly, the process of designing energy requests. score of 80 or higher under the USEPA Energy step-by-step outline of all modeling was Neil Chambers, LEED-AP has more than 20 years renewable energy production and net- systems has become much more iterative and Star program. provided to NYU within the final draft of the experience with high-performance buildings and renewable energy. For the last 10 years, he has lead metering allows them to feed as much energy holistic, as sustainability has become the Along with the specifics of the case study of report. 50 Talking Tall: Charles Wee Chambers Design, Inc. developing design solutions into the grid as they pull from it. ZEBs are not driving form-making force for buildings. the Zipper Building, it was important that the NYU requested that no “morphological” and energy modeling for award winning green buildings. Chambers has a track record for delivering required to be off-the-grid edifices. analysis be able to not merely focus on changes be made to the Zipper Building. This innovative large-scale prestigious developments from Because of these changes in the landscape of projects within Manhattan, but also to create meant that the volumes of the towers, the The Process – Toward Net Zero Architecture conceptual design into operation and maintenance. He plays a key role in the technical and qualitative It has been widely suggested by design ZEB, the research team undertook an in-depth a process that was flexible enough to be used orientation of the building, the footprint, and results of these major projects. He contributes to professionals that ZEBs are highly implausible analysis of the Zipper Building (see Figure 1). at the New York University (NYU)’s campus in other major architectural moves should be Based on the EIS and other information the community of design through authoring books 04 CTBUH Latest Standing Out by Blending in: such as Urban Green: Architecture for the Future for highly dense, urban infill projects. The The team included undergraduate and neighboring Brooklyn, as well as buildings in kept as-is. This added a level of difficulty to gathered at the onset of the project, it was and writing for Huffington Post and Metropolis National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) graduate students, administrators, and others China, the Middle East, and other potential pursuing net zero for the building, and meant determined that the ASHRAE baseline energy Magazine’s POV. reported that only 3% of buildings of four from the university. The goal of this project was locations for NYU satellite locations. many of the options available to new consumption of the Zipper Building would be floors or more would be net zero by 2025 not to “achieve net zero,” but to discover how construction were off the table. At times, it felt approximately 80,215 MMBTU. This level is (Griffith 2007). However, with better close the building could get to it. The second as if the team were redesigning an existing exactly equal to the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Antony Wood, Tower Infinity – the ”Invisible” technology for simulating energy performance goal for the project was to develop an The Process – At the Beginning building within a significant set of constraints. standard. It also represents standard systems for buildings on the market, and advances in approach that could be used for any type of within the building, such as forced-air heating on-site energy generation technology, a much capital project for the University at any location At the beginning of the research, the Zipper Fenestration, window-to-wall ratios, and other and cooling, the appropriate air exchanges +299’ (91 m) bulkhead in the world. Building was in late conceptual/early aspects of the skin could be altered, as long as and light power densities (LPD) based on Executive Director Tower schematic design phase. There were no the overall form of the building was space type. Other criteria of the building, and +275’ (84 m) detailed designs for the mechanical, electrical maintained. therefore the energy systems, were derived roof Background – Above Ground from drawings and renderings received from NYU.
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