DOCSLIB.ORG

Linux - Friheden Til at Vælge Grafisk Brugergrænseflade

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Linux - Friheden Til at Vælge Grafisk Brugergrænseflade Linux - Friheden til at vælge grafisk brugergrænseflade Version 1.2.20050118 - 2020-12-31 Hanne Munkholm, Kristian Vilmann, Peter Makholm, Henrik Grove, Gitte Wange, Henrik Størner, Jacob Sparre Andersen og Peter Toft Linux - Friheden til at vælge grafisk brugergrænsefladeVersion 1.2.20050118 - 2020-12-31 af Hanne Munkholm, Kristian Vilmann, Peter Makholm, Henrik Grove, Gitte Wange, Henrik Størner, Jacob Sparre Andersen og Peter Toft Ophavsret © 2003-2005 Forfatterne har ophavsret til bogen, men udgiver den under "Åben dokumentlicens (ÅDL) - version 1.0". Denne bog omhandler en række grafisk brugergrænseflader til UNIX-systemer, såsom Linux. Indholdsfortegnelse Forord.........................................................................................................................................................x 1. Linux-bøgerne................................................................................................................................x 2. Ophavsret.......................................................................................................................................x 1. Generelt om håndtering af window-managere...................................................................................1 1.1. Overblik.......................................................................................................................................1 1.2. Hvad er en windowmanager?......................................................................................................1 1.3. Hvad er et skrivebordsmiljø........................................................................................................2 1.4. Hvad er en displaymanager.........................................................................................................2 2. Opsætning af valg af windowmanager................................................................................................3 2.1. At starte en alternativ windowmanager.......................................................................................3 2.1.1. Display managers...........................................................................................................3 2.1.2. Valg af windowmanager med GDM og KDM................................................................4 2.2. Få en window manager til at optræde i KDM eller GDM menuen.............................................5 2.2.1. Kører jeg kdm eller gdm?...............................................................................................5 2.2.2. GDM...............................................................................................................................7 2.2.3. KDM...............................................................................................................................7 3. Rene WM’er...........................................................................................................................................9 3.1. 9wm.............................................................................................................................................9 3.1.1. Installation......................................................................................................................9 3.1.2. Brug af 9wm.................................................................................................................11 3.1.3. Er 9wm anvendelig?.....................................................................................................14 3.2. Aewm........................................................................................................................................15 3.2.1. Installation....................................................................................................................16 3.2.2. Opsætningsfiler.............................................................................................................17 3.2.3. Dokumentation.............................................................................................................19 3.2.4. Hvad er det fede ved aewm++ ?...................................................................................19 3.3. Amiwm......................................................................................................................................19 3.3.1. Installation....................................................................................................................20 3.3.2. Aktivering af amiwm....................................................................................................20 3.3.3. Hvorfor bruge amiwm?................................................................................................25 3.4. CTWM......................................................................................................................................25 3.4.1. Installation....................................................................................................................26 3.4.2. Opsætningsfiler.............................................................................................................28 3.4.3. Menu.............................................................................................................................28 3.4.4. Genvejstaster.................................................................................................................28 3.4.5. Vindueshåndtering........................................................................................................28 3.4.6. Fokus............................................................................................................................29 3.4.7. Workspaces/virtuelle skriveborde.................................................................................30 3.4.8. Baggrundsfarver...........................................................................................................30 3.4.9. Workspace manageren..................................................................................................30 3.4.10. Hvad er det fede ved ctwm?.......................................................................................31 3.5. Evilwm......................................................................................................................................32 3.5.1. Installation....................................................................................................................33 3.5.2. Opsætning.....................................................................................................................34 3.5.3. Hvad mere?...................................................................................................................35 iii 3.6. FLWM.......................................................................................................................................35 3.6.1. Installation....................................................................................................................35 3.6.2. Opsætning.....................................................................................................................37 3.6.3. Er FLWM god?.............................................................................................................38 3.7. FVWM......................................................................................................................................38 3.7.1. Installation....................................................................................................................39 3.7.2. Brugsanvisningen.........................................................................................................42 3.7.3. Det fede ved FVWM....................................................................................................42 3.8. Ion.............................................................................................................................................43 3.8.1. Opsætningsfiler.............................................................................................................43 3.8.2. Hvorfor er Ion sej?........................................................................................................49 3.9. Metacity....................................................................................................................................49 3.9.1. Installation....................................................................................................................50 3.9.2. Opsætning.....................................................................................................................51 3.9.3. Metacity - for eller imod?.............................................................................................52 3.10. PAWM.....................................................................................................................................53 3.10.1. Installation..................................................................................................................53 3.10.2. Dokumentation...........................................................................................................53 3.10.3. Opsætning...................................................................................................................54 3.10.4. Kan PAWM bruges?...................................................................................................56 3.11. QVWM....................................................................................................................................57
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Training Guide on Linux System Administration, LPI Level 1
    Creating Business and Learning Opportunities with Free and Open Source Software in Africa ict@innovation: Training Guide on Linux System Administration LPI Certification Level 1 Supporting African IT-Enterprises to get Open Source Skills by Getting Certified on Level 1 of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) Certification The map shows the number of active LPIC-1 Certifications in Africa as at September 2012 www.ict-innovation.fossfa.net Published by Version 1.1, November 2012 [ict@innovation: Training Guide on Linux System Administration – LPI Certification Level 1. Supporting African IT-Enterprises to get Open Source Skills and Certification on Level 1 of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) Certification] Created during the initiative "ict@innovation – Creating Business and Learning Opportunities with Free and Open Source Software in Africa", a programme of FOSSFA and GIZ. For more information see www.ict-innovation.fossfa.net. Provided under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Germany License. Copyright: FOSSFA & GIZ. 1 This page intentionally left BLANK [ict@innovation: Training Guide on Linux System Administration – LPI Certification Level 1. Supporting African IT-Enterprises to get Open Source Skills and Certification on Level 1 of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) Certification] Created during the initiative "ict@innovation – Creating Business and Learning Opportunities with Free and Open Source Software in Africa", a programme of FOSSFA and GIZ. For more information see www.ict-innovation.fossfa.net. Provided
    [Show full text]
  • Porting a Window Manager from Xlib to XCB
    Porting a Window Manager from Xlib to XCB Arnaud Fontaine (08090091) 16 May 2008 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version pub- lished by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". Contents List of figures i List of listings ii Introduction 1 1 Backgrounds and Motivations 2 2 X Window System (X11) 6 2.1 Introduction . .6 2.2 History . .6 2.3 X Window Protocol . .7 2.3.1 Introduction . .7 2.3.2 Protocol overview . .8 2.3.3 Identifiers of resources . 10 2.3.4 Atoms . 10 2.3.5 Windows . 12 2.3.6 Pixmaps . 14 2.3.7 Events . 14 2.3.8 Keyboard and pointer . 15 2.3.9 Extensions . 17 2.4 X protocol client libraries . 18 2.4.1 Xlib . 18 2.4.1.1 Introduction . 18 2.4.1.2 Data types and functions . 18 2.4.1.3 Pros . 19 2.4.1.4 Cons . 19 2.4.1.5 Example . 20 2.4.2 XCB . 20 2.4.2.1 Introduction . 20 2.4.2.2 Data types and functions . 21 2.4.2.3 xcb-util library . 22 2.4.2.4 Pros . 22 2.4.2.5 Cons . 23 2.4.2.6 Example . 23 2.4.3 Xlib/XCB round-trip performance comparison .
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries
    Introduction to the Enlightenment foundation libraries. An overview of EFL Kostis Kapelonis Introduction to the Enlightenment foundation libraries.: An overview of EFL Kostis Kapelonis Abstract The target audience of this document are UNIX programmers who are interested in the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL). You must already know C programming. You will not however learn how to program using the EFL. Instead, you will learn why you should program with the EFL. If you ever wanted to evaluate the EFL but did not see any advantages over previous graphic libraries then this document is for you! Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................1 A little History ...................................................................................................................1 Related documentation ......................................................................................................... 2 Obtaining the EFL libraries ................................................................................................... 2 2. The EFL structure .................................................................................................................... 4 Organization of the Libraries ................................................................................................. 4 Brief description of each EFL library ...................................................................................... 5 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Lightweight Distros on Test
    GROUP TEST LIGHTWEIGHT DISTROS LIGHTWEIGHT DISTROS GROUP TEST Mayank Sharma is on the lookout for distros tailor made to infuse life into his ageing computers. On Test Lightweight distros here has always been a some text editing, and watch some Linux Lite demand for lightweight videos. These users don’t need URL www.linuxliteos.com Talternatives both for the latest multi-core machines VERSION 2.0 individual apps and for complete loaded with several gigabytes of DESKTOP Xfce distributions. But the recent advent RAM or even a dedicated graphics Does the second version of the distro of feature-rich resource-hungry card. However, chances are their does enough to justify its title? software has reinvigorated efforts hardware isn’t supported by the to put those old, otherwise obsolete latest kernel, which keeps dropping WattOS machines to good use. support for older hardware that is URL www.planetwatt.com For a long time the primary no longer in vogue, such as dial-up VERSION R8 migrators to Linux were people modems. Back in 2012, support DESKTOP LXDE, Mate, Openbox who had fallen prey to the easily for the i386 chip was dropped from Has switching the base distro from exploitable nature of proprietary the kernel and some distros, like Ubuntu to Debian made any difference? operating systems. Of late though CentOS, have gone one step ahead we’re getting a whole new set of and dropped support for the 32-bit SparkyLinux users who come along with their architecture entirely. healthy and functional computers URL www.sparkylinux.org that just can’t power the newer VERSION 3.5 New life DESKTOP LXDE, Mate, Xfce and others release of Windows.
    [Show full text]
  • Linux Einführungskurs
    Linux Einführungskurs Burkhard Obergöker Oktober 2011 Linux-Einführungskurs Inhalt 1 BEVOR ES LOSGEHT .....................................................................................4 2 HISTORIE..........................................................................................................5 3 AUFBAU DES UNIX-( UND LINUX-) SYSTEMS..............................................6 4 BENUTZERVERWALTUNG.............................................................................8 4.1 Benutzer..................................................................................................................................................8 4.2 Der Superuser (root)..............................................................................................................................8 4.3 Gruppen..................................................................................................................................................8 5 DATEISYSTEME.............................................................................................10 5.1 Die Struktur des Dateisystems...........................................................................................................10 5.2 Dateitypen.............................................................................................................................................11 5.3 Technischer Aufbau eines Dateisystems............................................................................................11 5.4 Rechtevergabe......................................................................................................................................13
    [Show full text]
  • 10, 1969 at Weatflem, K.J
    25 EiCRQAD ST» mi JJRSBK .*•• School's Out- Drive Carefully **1*<S THE WESTFIELD LEADER THf HADING AND MOST WIDELY ClRCUIATtD WilKlY NEWSPAPER IN UNION COUNTY Second Cliiss Postage Fai4 SEVENTY-NINTH YEAR—No. 49 WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY, THURSDAY, JULY 10, 1969 _ at WeatfleM, K.J. SOPages—W Cents Local Sex Education Add Twenty Seven Board Okays Not Seen Stalled New Teachers; Name Albert Bobal By State Legislation Fifteen Resign The passage by the New Jersey Senate of two sex ethication-retated Twenty seven new teachers were New WHS Principal WE A Pact Assembly resolutions iast week lias but little impact on- the beat existing appointed to the WestHeld public A 16'pag'e agreement between the We&fcfieM Education Association, family living—sex education curriculum in elementary schools. school; stafi at a meetireg of tiie AJfoert R. Bobai was appointed Tuesday night by the Board of Educa- : bargaining agent for local scferal personnel, and the Boartt of Education But tfhe resolutions do eliminate the expansion of sex education Board of Education Tuesday night. tion as the new principal of Westfield Senior High School. Succeeding Dt". was rallied unanimwisly by the sctiool board! at its meeting Tuesday courses to the secondary tevel. Fifteen resignations also were ap- 37 Area Scouts Robert L. Foose, Mr. Bobai will assume his new duties on Tuesday. Bighl, The <tocamerit is <ahe first of its kind here in accordance with recent The legislation, ACR 69 and AOB proved. .state legislates covering public employes. 84, directs the Senate and General Westfield Band •Theitiew teachers are Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Everyone and His Brother Is Speaking About Linux (Ie Ne
    Everyone and his brother is speaking about Linux (i.e. ne ho davvero bisogno nella mia azienda?) [Logo Linux Guide for Managers] di Marco Iannacone - [email protected] Versione 1.0f Introduzione Nell'attuale contesto informatico sono poche le persone che non hanno ancora sentito parlare di Linux. È la parola chiave del momento: non passa giorno in cui una grande azienda (anche del calibro di IBM, COMPAQ, SGI, HP, ecc.) non rilasci una dichiarazione con la quale annunci il supporto di questa piattaforma o l'inizio del porting di un prodotto su questo Sistema Operativo (OS). Linux promette bassi costi, robustezza, potabilità su molteplici piattaforme hardware, disponibilità di sorgenti, supporto gratuito, ecc. Eppure Linux non identifica univocamente una sola azienda: Caldera, Debian, Mandrake, MkLinux, Prosa, Penguin Computing, Red Hat, Slackware, Stampede, Suse, TurboLinux, Trinux, VA Linux Systems e Yellow Dog sono solo un piccolo campione delle aziende che ne vendono una distribuzione, senza parlare di quelle che producono applicazioni per Linux o che ruotano comunque intorno al mondo Opensource. La disponibilità dei codici sorgenti rende molto semplice le modifiche a questo sistema che da alcuni viene catalogato come freeware, ma che in realtà sarebbe meglio definire opensources. Solo un anno e mezzo fa, tuttavia, se aveste chiesto all'lT manager di una grande azienda la sua opinione sul free software, vi avrebbe risposto che la sua azienda non lo usa. Avrebbe probabilmente aggiunto che non vi è supporto, che non è sufficientemente robusto e non raggiunge la qualità dei prodotti commerciali. Improvvisamente però nel 1998 questa percezione è cambiata (http://www.lwn.net/1999/features/1998timeline/) come mai? Esistono siti sulla Rete dove è possibile scaricare una versione completa di Linux (non una demo, bensì il prodotto completo) gratuitamente..
    [Show full text]
  • Radioecological Studies on Terrestrial Food Chain Analysis for Accidental Release
    KAERI/RR-2035/99 KR0000196 M Development of Environmental Radiation Protection Technology Radioecological Studies on Terrestrial Food Chain Analysis for Accidental Release 7) 7| 31/ 40 KAER1/RR-2035/99 2=| Development of Environmental Radiation Protection Technology Radioecological Studies on Terrestrial Food Chain Analysis for Accidental Release 71 Please be aware that all of the Missing Pages in this document were originally blank pages n\ 2000^ o| o| 0| o| a o| 0| I. n. 16 tfltb ^ 71^ III. ifl-g- ~-S- Co-57, Sr-85, Ru-103, Cs-134) ^ H-3 D/B H Sr-90 ^ Rl Ill tp#te [opt 001 ^ '((« 005 ^ fr IbU-te a ^ >9-«IAI -R T *AI 2. H-3 HT0 H-3 HTO -f 101000% TFWT > #71 > > TFWT HTO H-3) ^ TFWT ^ TFWT 0.04-0.05% 6]^-ifl OBT ^ TFWT ^3Efi| 0.6-0.8% ^elA] OBT OBT TFWT 0.01~0.4% 0.13-0.35%, 0.02-0.66%^! 3. 5.1 IV 10"2~ 2.1 xiO'1, fe- 2.4X10''1 1-8.5x10"" ^ 6)^4 1 7}^ fe. 7.6-22.0%, 7.6xl0""4~9.7xl0""34 fe 1^ 99% I 7> >i 1.6 /g 0.03-0.04 -Al z]- «- ^ < 6.5 4. ^ D/B D/B 5 , Co, Sr, Cs, Ru f-) s.^ visual Basic^- A °g^^- Visual Basic4 ^ o]s.^x]^ ACCESS ^^l-^4. D/B 5 RTRACK(Radionuclide TRAnsfer data for Crop plants of Korean 5. Rr 5~6 ^iE^jL -fi-7]!- ^£- 2~3% Cs-1373f Sr-90 ^£^ 44 4.5-13.4 Bq/kg-dry 0.7-2.5 # ^ ^ Cs-1374 Sr- (m2/kg-dry)^ AA £°oHl 4^- 3.8xi0"5-2.0xl0"4 ^ 9.5XlO~5~6.5x 10"4^] ^^^ Sr-90 ^*]^l^r7l- Cs-137 ^A 20-30 aflM- ^7>§l-^3l Sr-90^1 ^ 2-3 Cs-137 Q°]A^A Sr-90 ^^^^^4 0^^^ 2 ^ Cs-1375] ^4- j/ej A4 Sr-90^] ^-f 2-3 afl ^S.
    [Show full text]
  • VTWM Vtwm, Aka Virtual Tabbed Window Manager, Est Né En 1992 Sur Les Sources De Twm En Y Ajoutant La Gestion Des Bureaux Virtuels
    VTWM vtwm, aka Virtual Tabbed Window Manager, est né en 1992 sur les sources de twm en y ajoutant la gestion des bureaux virtuels. c'est un gestionnaire de fenêtre ultra basic mais avec de nombreuses options. ancien, il se configure depuis un unique fichier ~/.vtwmrc. c'est un 'floating', c'est à dire qu'il laisse l'utilisateur placer les fenêtres. il est rapide, réactif et très léger. il convient parfaitement pour les petites configurations matérielles. Sommaire VTWM.................................................................................................................................1 Screenshots....................................................................................................................1 installation......................................................................................................................2 composants....................................................................................................................2 configuration...................................................................................................................2 utilisation........................................................................................................................3 Screenshots 1 installation vtwm est présent dans les dépots de la plupart des distributions. pour Debian, dans un terminal: # apt-get install vtwm composants la session vtwm dispose de plusieurs éléments: • IconManager : une boite à icones servant aussi de tasklist. • VirtualDesktop : un pager simple. • Vtwm
    [Show full text]
  • October 13, 1983 Oste (W,G-6Axl,Fl)7A Battles at Schoolcraft Gym Vs
    Volume 19 Number 32 Thursday. Ootober 13.1983 * Westland, Michigan Twenty-five cents Ji-v&'> :'-r- :::mm.mm§. io^gjafc^rj^-^fetr^i^.al^^Ti^.ik Ml: ^ii^ilMiilllS ••, v.- .:-i :-, i c-..-... -V • '». : ( • lyt:.-.-. v:| Ki,-1:. ki .• r. Candidates call for development at chamber lunch By 8andrs Armbru«tsr Asked If such Illegal transfers were editor made while he was finance director, Herbert said, "Absolutely not. Three Gearing remarks to the concerns of years ago the city had a $1 million sur­ their business audience, six of v eight plus, There wasn't the need. Why would candidates running for city council ad­ anyone do that with a surplus?" dressed Issues concerning Westland's economic development during speeches QUESTIONING Herbert about the before the chamber of commerce. surplus, Elizabeth Davis, Pickering's But it was Mayor Charles Pickering secretary, asked why there was a defi­ who fired the opening salvo during the cit when the mayor took office. • question and answer period by charg­ "There was $1.7 million In the banks ing that the "incumbents are running and on deposit when I walked out the their campaign based on my record, door," said Pickering. not theirs." . He admitted, however, that his de­ Pickering asked Councilman Kent partment had predicted a $300,000 def­ Herbert, whose appointment the mayor icit by June that year and had submit­ had vetoed, if he would accept blame ted a plan on how it should be handled. for "bad deals" made while Herbert "Unfortunately, nothing was done," was the city's finance director.
    [Show full text]
  • Corpos De Milhares E Milhares De Soldados Cobrindo Os Campos ANO — XIII Quinto Fciic, 6 De Novembro De 1941 — N
    Front de 9 lados contra o Eixo ^^^1 ^^^Bm%^ê m ^^^y B Pm\ ^^^1 ^^H^^HI PH P^^b ^Am mmL^^mmã ^^b¦ m ¦¦^^ai a DEMOSCOU imenso monstruoso Corpos de milhares e milhares de soldados cobrindo os campos ANO — XIII Quinto fciic, 6 de Novembro de 1941 — N. 3.408 tid ¦ V 沦¦ Proporções tgfc.TfrS'" ¦ „^^**^^mmmrmw^L%WJm-^.'.^mtmmm^mm^m^m*m^mtjBUGmm^mta&tffi Divisão da África Fantástica!! Toda ela para o Reich ; KUIBYSHEV, 6 (U. P.i j — Segundo despachos dc Itália, França e Espanha Moscou, os compôs dc bo- talho da frente central as- E se a Inglaterra não concordar, o ataque alemão às Ilhas Britâni- semelham-se móis a um cas — Lutando na Rússia. íi cariam italianos e franceses matadouro. — A matança dc homens LONDRES. 6 (U. P.) Noticias fidedignas recebidas nesta capi- e a destruição do maloriais tal revelam que a Alemanha e a Itália elaboraram um plano desti- em toda a frente são cnor- nado a dividir a África em esferas de influencia com a total ex- mei tanto de um lado co- clusão da Inglaterra e da Bélgica. A África seria dividida entre a mo de outro. Alemanha, Itália, França e Espanha. Os cadáveres de milha- res o milhares de soldados AS ILHAS CANÁRIAS¦—— cobram os campos de luta I.OMUtKS, (I (U. P.) — I»- fiirmii-»,* .|ii>- ns (.i.iiiii» ila Ali'- juntamente com uma in- iiiiiiiIim •* H.iiiii nn Africa, pri- crivei quantidade de car- ilVni n ...ii..-»«i"iii «li- illn.» In- X-^l**Ar,{*t~X WtmmT*im*^^^mmm'I^^^HmWÍ' n.ii i.i» A r-pniilm.
    [Show full text]
  • Dwarf's Guide to Debian GNU/Linux
    Dwarf’s Guide to Debian GNU/Linux 2001 Dale Scheetz Dwarf’s Guide to Debian GNU/Linux Copyright c 2001 Dale Scheetz Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being Chapter 1 Introduction, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with the Back-Cover Texts being “The early development of the material in this work was produced with the financial support of Planet Linux. This support was intrumental in bringing this project to completion.” A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “Appendix 9: GNU Free Documentation License” which can be found on page 271. Trademark Acknowledgements All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. The publisher cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Apple and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. CP/M is a registered trademark of Caldera, Inc. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines, Inc. MS is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. X Window System is a registered trademark of X Consortium, Inc. ii dedicated to Linux users everywhere iii CREDITS First I want to thank Ian Murdock for writing the History section. His per- spectives on those early years have helped latecomers like Dwarf understand the founding principles upon which Debian is based.
    [Show full text]