NATURESCAPE BRITISH COLUMBIA Caring for Wildlife Habitat at Home
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The Stewardship Series NATURESCAPE BRITISH COLUMBIA Caring for Wildlife Habitat at Home Native Plant and Animal Booklet, Southern Interior Moutains Naturescape British Columbia IS FUNDED BY For More information, call 1-800-387-9853 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Korol, burke, Naturescape British Columbia. Native plant and animal booklet, Southern Interior Mountains (Stewardship series) On cover: Caring for wildlife habitat at home. ISBN 0-7726-3988-4 1. Zoology - British Columbia - Kootenay Region. 2. Botany - British Columbia - Kootenay Region. 3. Biotic communities - British Columbia - Kootenay Region. 4. Habitat (Ecology) - British Columbia - Kootenay Region. 5. Nature conservation - British Columbia - Kootenay Region. I. Ohanjanian, Penny. II. Shepard, Jon. III. Naturescape British Columbia. IV. Title. V. Series QH77.C3 N37 1999 578’.09711’6 C99-960289-6 Notice: The information contained in the Naturescape British Columbia Guide and booklets is true and complete to the best of our knowledge. All recommendations are made without any guarantees on the part of the authors and Naturescape British Columbia sponsors. Because the means, materials and procedures followed by home- owners are beyond our control, the authors and Naturescape British Columbia disclaim all liability in connection with the use of this information. Naturescape British Columbia publications are copyright© 1995 by the Government of British Columbia. All rights reserved. Except for use in review, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including xerography, photocopying, and recording, and in any information storage and retrieval system is forbidden without the written permission of Naturescape British Columbia and Havitat Conservation Trust Foundation Photo credits: Front Cover Hughes Range, Rocky Mountains - Dennis Demarchi Back Cover Nothern Flying Squirrel - Glen Ryder Spotted Frog - Larry Halverson Creston Valley - Larry Halverson Blue Bottle Butterfly - Larry Halverson Naturescape British Columbia Balsam Root - Larry Halverson Havitat Conservation Trust Foundation Mt. Nelson, Invermere BC - Larry Halverson Suite 107 19 Dallas Road Victoria BC V8V 5A6 www.naturescapebc.ca NAT U R E S C A P E BR I T I S H CO L U M B I A Native Plant and Animal Booklet, Southern Interior Mountains W r itten and compiled by B u r ke Korol Pe n ny Ohanjanian Jon Shepard G r aphic Design and Electronic A s s e m bly Bobolo Graphic Design I l l u s t r ations by Dennet Wo o d l a n d About Naturescape British Columbia ABOUT NATURESCAPE BRITISH COLUMBIA Naturescape British Columbia promotes caring for wildlife habitat at home. It is funded by W i l d l i fe Habitat Canada, E nvironment Canada (Canadian W i l d l i fe Serv i c e ) , B r itish Columbia Ministry of E nv i r o n m e n t , Lands and Pa rk s , the Habitat Conservation Trust Fund, and the Real Estate Foundation of BC and the p a r ticipants who register in the Naturescape Progra m . The support and assistance of the Federation of Bri t i s h Columbia Natura l i s t s , B r itish Columbia Nurs e r y Trades A s s o c i a t i o n , B r itish Columbia Society of Landscape A r c h i t e c t s , and the Urban W i l d l i fe Committee (Va n c o u ver) is greatly appreciated. H O N O U R A RY PAT R O N The Honoura ble John A . F r a s e r, P. C . , O. C . , O. B . C . , Q. C . , L L . B . SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBU TORS N ATURESCAPE A DV I S O RY AND REVIEWERS C O M M I T T E E Ve r non C. B r i n k , Va n c o u ve r Richard Beard, Susan Campbell,Va n c o u ve r WBT Wild Bird Trust of B. C . , West Va n c o u ve r Ve r non C. B r i n k , Dennis Demarchi, V i c t o r i a Va n c o u ver Natural History Society,Va n c o u ve r Theresa Duynstee, D e l t a Susan Campbell, D ave Fra s e r,V i c t o r i a G r i f f in Wo r k s , Va n c o u ve r Rod Silve r,V i c t o r i a Gretchen Harl owe Liz Stanlake,V i c t o r i a Canadian W i l d l i fe Serv i c e , D e l t a Ian McTa g g a r t - C ow a n , V i c t o r i a Theresa Duynstee, Greater Va n c o u ver Regional Distri c t , Va n c o u ve r L a r ry Halve r s o n , R a d i u m Linda Georg e , Peter Ommu n d s e n , C a s t l e g a r E nvironmental Educators P. S . A . , V i c t o r i a Linda Van Damme, N e l s o n Linda Kingston, F e d e r ation of B. C . N a t u r alists and Va n c o u ver Natural History Society, Pa t r icia Koshure, Whistler Resort A s s o c i a t i o n Willie MacGillivray, Swan Lake Christmas Hill Nature Sanctuary,V i c t o r i a B a r b a r a Stevenson Nield, Habitat Conservation Trust Fund,Va n c o u ve r Sylvia Pincott, A b b o t s ford Backyard Habitat Program and Federation of B. C . N a t u r a l i s t s , A bb o t s fo r d D avid Reid, B. C . Society of Landscape A r c h i t e c t s , N a n a i m o Rod Silve r, representing W i l d l i fe Habitat Canada,V i c t o r ia (Committee Chair) Liz Stanlake M i n i s t r y of Env i r o n m e n t , Lands and Pa rk s Paulus V r i j m o e d BC Nurs u r y Trades A s s o c . , L a n g l e y Ta ble of Contents TA B L E O F CO N T E N T S I n t r o d u c t i o n . .2 Ecosystems and Ecosystem Dive r s i t y . .2 Ecosystems Defined . .2 D i v e r sity of Ecosystems . .3 C l i m a t e . .3 To p o g r a p hy . .4 D i s t u r b a n c e . .4 H ow Ecosystems are Classified in British Columbia . .5 The Southern Interior Mountains . .6 L o c a t i o n . .6 C l i m a t e . .6 Veg e t a t i o n . .6 Wi l d l i fe . .6 Special Forests and Trees in the Southern Interior Mountains . .1 1 Putting It All Together In Your Ya r d . .1 3 In Summary . .1 4 S u m m a r y of Plant and Animal Ta bl e s , S o u t h e r n Interior Mountains . .1 5 Ta ble 1: N a t i ve Plant . 1 5 Ta ble 2: N o n - n a t i ve Plants . 2 4 Ta ble 3: Butterflies and Moths . 2 6 Ta ble 4: Amphibians and Reptiles . 3 1 Ta ble 5: Birds . 3 4 Ta ble 6: Mammals . 4 4 P L A N T A N D A N I M A L B O O K L E T , S O U T H E R N I N T E R I O R M O U N T A I N S • N a t u r e s c a p e B r i t i s h C o l u m b i a 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n I N T RO D U C T I O N golf cours e s , h i g h w ays and orchards. While it is still The Provincial Guide has give n p o s s i ble in British Columbia to look over the you the basic how-to info rm a t i o n mountains and plateaus and see large expanses of for creating wildlife habitat in your ya r d . The next n a t u r al ecosystems, the valley bottoms have been step is to consider the type of habitat appropriate to d r a s t i c a l ly changed, e s p e c i a l ly in the Southern Interi o r your location in the Southern Interior Mountains. M o u n t a i n s . Most of us live and wo r k in the valley What plants should you consider? What animals can bottoms and much of the natural habitats here have you expect to attra c t ? g i ven way to hy d r o e l e c t r ic and housing d e ve l o p m e n t s .