DOCSLIB.ORG

Santa Monica Mountains Butterfly List

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Santa Monica Mountains Butterfly List Santa Monica Mountains Butterfly List Probable in Griffith Park Abundance Codes: A- Abundant C- Common Possible in Griffith Park U- Uncommon R- Rare ?- Not Yet Found Food Plant Flight Time Swallowtails Papilionidae Anise Swallowtail Papilio zelicaon Fennel or other carrot family All year Giant Swallowtail Papilio cresphones Citrus Mar-Oct Western Tiger Swallowtail Papilio rutulus Mostly sycamore; cottonwood, willow, alder All year Pale Swallowtail Papilio eurymedon Ceanothus, other buckthorn family Feb-Oct White and Sulphurs Pieridae Whites Becker's White Pontia beckerii Bladderpod Feb-Aug Checkered White Pontia protodice Mustards, native and non-native All year Cabbage White Pieris rapae Black mustard, wild radish, nasturtium All year Sara Orangetip Anthocharis sara Native mustards Feb-June Sulphurs Orange Sulphur Colias eurytheme Various pea family: lotus, clover, vetch All year Harford's Sulphur Colias harfordii Astragalus (locoweed or rattleweed) Apr-Sept California Dogface Colias eurydice False indigo (Amorpha californica) Mar-Sept Cloudless Sulphur Phoebis sennae Cassia (Senna) Mar-Oct Sleepy Orange Eurema nicippe Cassia (Senna) Mar-Oct Dainty Sulphur Nathalis iole Various sunflower family Mar-Nov Gossamer-Wings Lycaenidae Coppers Tailed Copper Lycaena arota Wild currant or goooseberry (Ribes) May-July Gorgon Copper Lycaena gorgon Wand Buckwheat (Eriogonum elongatum) Apr-July Hairstreaks Great Purple Hairstreak Atlides halesus Mistletoe in sycamores or cottonwood Mar-Oct California Hairstreak Satyrium californica Ceanothus (wild lilac) and oak May-Aug Silvan Hairstreak Satyrium sylvinus Willow May-July Gold-hunters Hairstreak Satyrium auretorum Scrub Oak May-July --Santa Monica Mts Hairstreak --S.auretorum fumosum Oaks other than scrub oak May-July Mountain Mahogany Hairstreak Satyrium tetra Mountain Mahogany May-July Hedgerow Hairstreak Satyrium saepium Ceanothus (wild lilac) May-July Bramble Hairstreak Callophrys dumetorum Deerweed, ceanothus, buckwheat Feb-Apr Brown Elfin Callophrys augustinus Mostly dodder, but also ceanothus Feb-July Gray Hairstreak Strymon melinus Many: mallow, buckwheat, coffeeberry, pea Feb-Nov Blues Western Pygmy-Blue Brephidium exile Saltbush (Atriplex) and goosefoot All year Marine Blue Lepotes marina Plumbago and various pea family All year Ceraunus Blue Hemiargus ceraunus Various pea family Mar-Oct Western Tailed-Blue Everes amyntula Astragalus (locoweed or rattleweed) Feb-Sept Spring Azure Celastrina ladon Ceanothus (wild lilac), Feb-July Sonoran Blue Philotes sonorensis Lance-leaved Dudleya Mar-Apr 'Bernardino' Square-spotted Blue Euphilotes battoides bernardino California Buckwheat Apr-Aug Silvery Blue Glaucopsyche lygdamus Deerweed (Lotus scoparius) Feb-May Acmon Blue Plebejus acmon Deerweed, Buckwheat Feb-Nov Metalmarks Riodinidae Fatal Metalmark Calephelis nemesis Mule Fat, Bush Sunflower Feb-Oct 'Behr's' Mormon Metalmark Apodemia mormo California Buckwheat Mar-Nov Brushfoots Nymphalidae Heliconians and Fritillaries Gulf Fritillary Agraulis vanillae Passionvine All year 'Comstock's' Callippe Fritillary Speyeria callippe comstocki Violets May-July True Brushfoots Gabb's Checkerspot Chlosyne gabbii Wooly Aster, Telegraph Weed, other asters Mar-July Mylitta Crescent Phyciodes mylitta Thistles (such as Cirsium) Mar-Oct Variable Checkerspot Euphydryas chalcedona Bush Monkeyflower and other figwort family Apr-June Satyr Comma Polygonia satyrus Stinging Nettle Feb-Sept California Tortoiseshell Nymphalis californica Ceanothus (wild lilac) Apr-Sept Mourning Cloak Nymphalis antiopa Willow, cottonwood All year American Lady Vanessa virginiensis Everlasting (Gnaphalium) All year Painted Lady Vanessa cardui Many: thistle, mallow, lupine, fiddleneck All year West Coast Lady Vanessa annabella Mallows, especially Cheeseweed; nettle All year Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta Nettles including Baby Tears All year Common Buckeye Junonia coenia Mostly plantain; snapdragon, monkeyflower Feb-Nov Admirals and Relatives Lorquin's Admiral Limenitis lorquini Willows Apr-Oct California Sister Adelphia bredowii californica Oaks Mar-Oct Satyrs 'California' Common Ringlet Coenonympha tullia california Bunch grass Feb-Sept Great Basin Wood-Nymph Cercyonis sthenele Bunch grass May-Aug Monarchs Monarch Danaus plexippus Milkweed All year Queen Danaus gilippus Milkweed Mar-Nov Skippers Hesperiidae Spread-wing Skippers Propertius Duskywing Erynnis propertius Coast Live Oak Mar-June Mournful Duskywing Erynnis tristis Various oaks Feb-Sept Funereal Duskywing Erynnis funeralis Deerweed and other pea family Feb-Oct White Checkered-Skipper Pyrgus albescens Mallows Mar-Oct Northern White-Skipper Heliopetes ericetorum Various mallows, especially Bush Mallow Feb-Oct Grass-Skippers Orange Skipperling Copaeodes aurantiacus Grasses Apr-Sept Fiery Skipper Hylephila phyleus Grasses including crab grass All year Sandhill Skipper Polites sabuleti Saltgrass Apr-Sept Sachem Atalopetes campestris Grasses Apr-Nov Woodland Skipper Ochlodes sylvanoides Grasses, including rye grass Jul-Oct Rural Skipper Ochlodes agricola Grasses Apr-July Umber Skipper Poanes melane Grasses Jan-Nov Eufala Skipper Lerodea eufala Grasses Jun-Nov Wandering Skipper Panoquina errans Saltgrass Jul-Sept Hypothetical Two-tailed Swallowtail Papilio multicaudata Choke Cherry June-Aug Arrowhead Blue Glaucopsyche piasus Bush lupine (Lupinus excubitus) Mar-May by Fred Heath, October, 10, 2006 Abundance C U C-A U U C A C C U U R ? R U U U U C U R U C C U-C C A A R U U R C-A C C-A C C C U U-C ? C-A U-C ? C U C-A C C C-A U-C C-A C-A R U-A U R-U C C C C-A U A C U C-A C C U R ? ?.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogenetic Relationships of Phyciodes Butterfly Species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): Complex Mtdna Variation and Species Delimitations
    Systematic Entomology (2003) 28, 257±273 Phylogenetic relationships of Phyciodes butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): complex mtDNA variation and species delimitations NIKLAS WAHLBERG*, RITA OLIVEIRA* andJAMES A. SCOTTy *Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Ecology and Systematics, University of Helsinki, Finland, and yLakewood, Colorado, U.S.A. Abstract. Mitochondrial DNA variation wasstudied in the butterfly genus Phyciodes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) by sequencing 1450 bp of the COI gene from 140 individuals of all eleven currently recognized species. The study focused on four species in particular that have been taxonomically difficult for the past century, P. tharos, P. cocyta, P. batesii and P. pulchella. A cladistic analysis of ninety-eight unique haplotypesshowedthat Phyciodes formsa monophyletic group with P. graphica as the most basal species. Of the three informal species groupsdescribed for Phyciodes, only one (the mylitta-group) isunambiguously monophyletic. Within the tharos-group, seven well supported clades were found that correspond to three taxa, P. tharos, P. pulchella and a grade consisting of P. cocyta and P. batesii haplotypesinterdigitated with each other. None of the clades is formed exclusively by one species. The patterns of haplotype variation are the result of both retained ancient polymorphism and introgression. Introgression appearsto be mostcommon between P. cocyta and P. batesii; however, these two species occur sympatrically and are morphologically and ecologically distinct, suggesting that the level of current introgression does not seem to be enough to threaten their genetic integrity. The results indicate that mitochondrial DNA sequences must be used with great caution in delimiting species, especially when infraspecific samples are few, or introgression seems to be rampant.
    [Show full text]
  • NATURESCAPE BRITISH COLUMBIA Caring for Wildlife Habitat at Home
    The Stewardship Series NATURESCAPE BRITISH COLUMBIA Caring for Wildlife Habitat at Home Native Plant and Animal Booklet, Coast and Mountains Naturescape British Columbia IS FUNDED BY For More information, call 1-800-387-9853 National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Main entry under title: Naturescape British Columbia. Native plant and animal booklet, coast & mountains. – [Stewardship series] Consists of 2 v. in 1. Title on v. [2]: Naturescape British Columbia. Resource booklet, coast & mountains. Vol. [2] compiled by Saila Hull. Also available on the Internet. ISBN 0-7726-5179-5 1. Animals - British Columbia. 2. Plants - British Columbia. 3. Biotic communities - British Columbia. 4. Coastal ecology - British Columbia. 5. Nature conservation - Bibliography. 6. Nature conservation - British Columbia – Information resources. 7. Pacific Coast (B.C.) – Environmental conditions. I. MacDonald, Andrew, 1965- II. Hull, Saila. III. Naturescape British Columbia. IV. Title: Naturescape British Columbia. Resource booklet, coast & mountains. QH77.C3 N37 2004 578’.097111 C2004-960069-9 Notice: The information contained in the Naturescape British Columbia Guide and booklets is true and complete to the best of our knowledge. All recommendations are made without any guarantees on the part of the authors and Naturescape British Columbia sponsors. Because the means, materials and procedures followed by home- owners are beyond our control, the authors and Naturescape British Columbia disclaim all liability in connection with the use of this
    [Show full text]
  • List of Animal Species with Ranks October 2017
    Washington Natural Heritage Program List of Animal Species with Ranks October 2017 The following list of animals known from Washington is complete for resident and transient vertebrates and several groups of invertebrates, including odonates, branchipods, tiger beetles, butterflies, gastropods, freshwater bivalves and bumble bees. Some species from other groups are included, especially where there are conservation concerns. Among these are the Palouse giant earthworm, a few moths and some of our mayflies and grasshoppers. Currently 857 vertebrate and 1,100 invertebrate taxa are included. Conservation status, in the form of range-wide, national and state ranks are assigned to each taxon. Information on species range and distribution, number of individuals, population trends and threats is collected into a ranking form, analyzed, and used to assign ranks. Ranks are updated periodically, as new information is collected. We welcome new information for any species on our list. Common Name Scientific Name Class Global Rank State Rank State Status Federal Status Northwestern Salamander Ambystoma gracile Amphibia G5 S5 Long-toed Salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum Amphibia G5 S5 Tiger Salamander Ambystoma tigrinum Amphibia G5 S3 Ensatina Ensatina eschscholtzii Amphibia G5 S5 Dunn's Salamander Plethodon dunni Amphibia G4 S3 C Larch Mountain Salamander Plethodon larselli Amphibia G3 S3 S Van Dyke's Salamander Plethodon vandykei Amphibia G3 S3 C Western Red-backed Salamander Plethodon vehiculum Amphibia G5 S5 Rough-skinned Newt Taricha granulosa
    [Show full text]
  • Behr's Hairstreak (Satyrium Behrii)
    PROPOSED Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series Adopted under Section 44 of SARA Recovery Strategy for the Behr’s Hairstreak (Satyrium behrii) in Canada Behr’s Hairstreak 2014 Recommended citation: Environment Canada. 2014. Recovery Strategy for the Behr’s Hairstreak (Satyrium behrii) in Canada [Proposed]. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Environment Canada, Ottawa. 26 pp. + Appendix. For copies of the recovery strategy, or for additional information on species at risk, including the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) Status Reports, residence descriptions, action plans, and other related recovery documents, please visit the Species at Risk (SAR) Public Registry. Cover illustration: Neil K. Dawe Également disponible en français sous le titre « Programme de rétablissement du porte-queue de Behr (Satyrium behrii) au Canada [Proposition] » © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of the Environment, 2014. All rights reserved. ISBN Catalogue no. Content (excluding the illustrations) may be used without permission, with appropriate credit to the source. RECOVERY STRATEGY FOR THE BEHR’S HAIRSTREAK (Satyrium behrii) IN CANADA 2014 Under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996), the federal, provincial, and territorial governments agreed to work together on legislation, programs, and policies to protect wildlife species at risk throughout Canada. In the spirit of cooperation of the Accord, the Government of British Columbia has given permission to the Government of Canada to adopt the “Recovery Strategy for Behr’s Hairstreak (Satyrium behrii) in British Columbia” (Part 2) under Section 44 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA).
    [Show full text]
  • Woolsey Fire Cleanup Sampling and Analysis Plan
    Woolsey Fire Cleanup Sampling and Analysis Plan Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area Paramount Ranch, Peter Strauss Ranch, Morrison Ranch, Rocky Oaks, Cooper Brown, Dragon Property, Miller Property, Arroyo Sequit, Circle X Ranch Prepared by Terraphase Engineering, Inc. 5/27/2020 Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area May 27, 2020 Page | i Signatories: [Federal Government Lead] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Cleanup Lead] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Legal Lead] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Regional Coordinator] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Contaminated Sites Program] [Signature] [Date Signed] By signing above, the signatories verify that they understand and concur with the information, procedures, and recommendations presented herein. Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area May 27, 2020 Page | ii Table of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... v 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 CERCLA and National Park Service (NPS) Authority ................................................... 1-1 1.2 Purpose of Field Sampling...................................................................................................... 1-2 2 Site Description
    [Show full text]
  • CBD First National Report
    FIRST NATIONAL REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY July 2010 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................... 3 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 4 2. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Geographic Profile .......................................................................................... 5 2.2 Climate Profile ...................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Population Profile ................................................................................................. 7 2.4 Economic Profile .................................................................................................. 7 3 THE BIODIVERSITY OF SERBIA .............................................................................. 8 3.1 Overview......................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Ecosystem and Habitat Diversity .................................................................... 8 3.3 Species Diversity ............................................................................................ 9 3.4 Genetic Diversity ............................................................................................. 9 3.5 Protected Areas .............................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works
    UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title The utility of repeated presence data as a surrogate for counts: A case study using butterflies Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13r5464h Journal Journal of Insect Conservation, 18(1) ISSN 1366-638X Authors Casner, KL Forister, ML Ram, K et al. Publication Date 2014-02-01 DOI 10.1007/s10841-013-9610-8 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The utility of repeated presence data as a surrogate for counts: a case study using butterflies Kayce L. Casner, Matthew L. Forister, Karthik Ram & Arthur M. Shapiro Journal of Insect Conservation An international journal devoted to the conservation of insects and related invertebrates ISSN 1366-638X Volume 18 Number 1 J Insect Conserv (2014) 18:13-27 DOI 10.1007/s10841-013-9610-8 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”.
    [Show full text]
  • Adaptation to Host Plants May Prevent Rapid Insect Responses to Climate Change
    Global Change Biology (2010) 16, 2923–2929, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02177.x Adaptation to host plants may prevent rapid insect responses to climate change SHANNON L. PELINI1 , JESSICA A. KEPPEL2 , ANN E. KELLEY3 and JESSICA. J. HELLMANN Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA Abstract We must consider the role of multitrophic interactions when examining species’ responses to climate change. Many plant species, particularly trees, are limited in their ability to shift their geographic ranges quickly under climate change. Consequently, for herbivorous insects, geographic mosaics of host plant specialization could prohibit range shifts and adaptation when insects become separated from suitable host plants. In this study, we examined larval growth and survival of an oak specialist butterfly (Erynnis propertius) on different oaks (Quercus spp.) that occur across its range to determine if individuals can switch host plants if they move into new areas under climate change. Individuals from Oregon and northern California, USA that feed on Q. garryana and Q. kelloggii in the field experienced increased mortality on Q. agrifolia, a southern species with low nutrient content. In contrast, populations from southern California that normally feed on Q. agrifolia performed well on Q. agrifolia and Q. garryana and poorly on the northern, high elevation Q. kelloggii. Therefore, colonization of southern E. propertius in higher elevations and some northern locales may be prohibited under climate change but latitudinal shifts to Q. garryana may be possible. Where shifts are precluded due to maladaptation to hosts, populations may not accrue warm-adapted genotypes.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrates
    State Wildlife Action Plan Update Appendix A-5 Species of Greatest Conservation Need Fact Sheets INVERTEBRATES Conservation Status and Concern Biology and Life History Distribution and Abundance Habitat Needs Stressors Conservation Actions Needed Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 2015 Appendix A-5 SGCN Invertebrates – Fact Sheets Table of Contents What is Included in Appendix A-5 1 MILLIPEDE 2 LESCHI’S MILLIPEDE (Leschius mcallisteri)........................................................................................................... 2 MAYFLIES 4 MAYFLIES (Ephemeroptera) ................................................................................................................................ 4 [unnamed] (Cinygmula gartrelli) .................................................................................................................... 4 [unnamed] (Paraleptophlebia falcula) ............................................................................................................ 4 [unnamed] (Paraleptophlebia jenseni) ............................................................................................................ 4 [unnamed] (Siphlonurus autumnalis) .............................................................................................................. 4 [unnamed] (Cinygmula gartrelli) .................................................................................................................... 4 [unnamed] (Paraleptophlebia falcula) ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Corridors, Corridors, Everywhere
    Plant Communities and Corridors Plants in Nature and Plants in Gardens What are native plants? What are endemic plants? Arctostaphylos mewukka Indian Manzanita, an example of endemism California Floristic Province Ecological Hotspot Criteria: • Over 1500 species of irreplaceable endemic vascular plants CA has over 2100 • Less than 30% of original vegetation CA has 24% • 35 hotspots in the world • Cover just 2.3% of Earth’s land surface • Support more than 50% of plant species • California is one of just 5 Mediterranean hotspots Geology and topography help determine what grows where: Soils from ocean sediment, uplift, glaciation, volcanoes… Plants evolved on varied substrates They’re evolving while we speak! Plants in nature don’t use fertilizer Organic matter: leaves, stems, animal manure, dead things… Soil biota: decomposers (fungi, bacteria) and ‘soil animals’ (protozoa, nematodes) Decomposition by microbes is extremely complex. They decompose and build new organic Nutrient exchanges compounds. Soil interacts with the compounds. Native plants drive ecosystems via evolutionary interdependencies Each member provides ecosystem services There are multiple nutrition strategies Plants tend to congregate in overlapping Plant Communities Examples: • Oak Woodland • Chaparral • Dry Perennial/Scrub • Grassland • Riparian * These are just the main plant communities around Placerville and Cameron Park Oak Woodland Community 5 main oak species (Blue, Valley, Interior, Canyon, and Black oak) Grey pine Toyon Mexican elderberry California bay California
    [Show full text]
  • Family LYCAENIDAE: 268 Species GOSSAMERWINGS
    Family LYCAENIDAE: 268 species GOSSAMERWINGS Subfamily Miletinae: 1 (hypothetical) species Harvesters Feniseca tarquinius tarquinius Harvester Hypothetical, should occur in N Tamaulipas, but currently unknown from Mexico Subfamily Lycaeninae: 6 species Coppers Iophanus pyrrhias Guatemalan Copper Lycaena arota arota Tailed Copper Lycaena xanthoides xanthoides Great Copper Lycaena gorgon gorgon Gorgon Copper Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper Lycaena hermes Hermes Copper Subfamily Theclinae: 236 species Hairstreaks Tribe Theclini: 3 species Hairstreaks Hypaurotis crysalus crysalus Colorado Hairstreak Habrodais grunus grunus Golden Hairstreak verification required for Baja California Norte Habrodais poodiae Baja Hairstreak Tribe Eumaeini: 233 Hairstreaks Eumaeus childrenae Great Cycadian (= debora) Eumaeus toxea Mexican Cycadian Theorema eumenia Pale-tipped Cycadian Paiwarria antinous Felders' Hairstreak Paiwarria umbratus Thick-tailed Hairstreak Mithras sp. undescribed Pale-patched Hairstreak nr. orobia Brangas neora Common Brangas Brangas coccineifrons Black-veined Brangas Brangas carthaea Green-spotted Brangas Brangas getus Bright Brangas Thaeides theia Brown-barred Hairstreak Enos thara Thara Hairstreak Enos falerina Falerina Hairstreak Evenus regalis Regal Hairstreak Evenus coronata Crowned Hairstreak Evenus batesii Bates’ Hairstreak Atlides halesus corcorani Great Blue Hairstreak Atlides gaumeri White-tipped Hairstreak Atlides polybe Black-veined Hairstreak Atlides inachus Spying Hairstreak Atlides carpasia Jeweled Hairstreak Atlides
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Systematics of Phyciodes (Phyciodes)
    cf#']i:z 10 Feb. 20, 1998 PAPILIO ~ $4.00 - ..- ·-- .. -· - ~- - PHYCIODES (PHYCIOD£S): N£W DISCOVERIES, NEW SUBSPECIES, AND comf£R6ENCE by DR. JAMES A. SCOTT 60 Estes Street, Lakewood, Colorado 80226 Abstract. The paper presents new discoveries in Phyciodes (Phyciodes ). New life history information is given for P. mylitta arizonensis, P. pallida pallida, P. pallida barnesi, P. tharos tharos, P. cocyta selenis, P. cocyta dimin'utor, P. batesii lakota, P. b. apsaalooke, P. b. anasazi, P. pulchella camillus, and P. picta picta. P. batesii anasazi was found to significantly converge toward P. cocyta in western Colorado in appearance of some adults larvae and pupae, and P. cocyta selenis from the same area was found to converge a little toward anasazi in adult wing pattern and larval head pattern, so some individuals of these two tax.a are difficult to distinguish. The nomenclatural identity of P. tharos form marcia is clarified. Five new subspecies are named: P. tharos orantain has orange antenna nudum and is somewhat intermediate between P. tharos tharos and P. cocyta. P. cocyta diminutor is multivoltine with late-flying summer generations that are small like P. tharos, and might possibly even be a separate species from the sympatric univoltine larger P. cocyta selenis. P. pulchella deltarufa has oranger ups than ssp. pulchella. P. pulchella owimba differs from ssp. pulchella by having an orange antenna nudum and some different wing pattern details. P. phaon jalapeno has paler median ups bands. INTRODUCTION Scott (1994) reported on the systematics and biology of Phyciodes (Phyciodes), described numerous new life histories, named five new tax.a, and corrected prior nomenclature.
    [Show full text]