Chapter 5 anatomy and joints

Scapula Costal Surface The costal (anterior) surface of the faces the ribcage. It contains a large concave depression over most of its surface, known as the subscapular fossa. The subscapularis (rotator cuff muscle) originates from this fossa.

Originating from the superolateral surface of the costal scapula is the . It is a hook-like projection, which lies just underneath the . Three muscles attach to the coracoid process: the pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis, the short head of biceps brachii.

Acromion Coracoid process

Glenoid fossa

Subscapular fossa

© teachmeanatomy Lateral surface • - a shallow cavity, located superiorly on the lateral border. It articulates with the head of the to form the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint. • - a roughening immediately superior to the glenoid fossa. The place of attachment of the long head of the biceps brachii. • Infraglenoid tubercle - a roughening immediately inferior to the glenoid fossa. The place of attachment of the long head of the brachii.

Supraglenoid tubercle

Glenoid fossa

Infraglenoid tubercle

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Posterior surface

• Spine - the most prominent feature of the posterior scapula. It runs transversely across the scapula, dividing the surface into two. • - projection of the spine that arches over the glenohumeral joint and articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint. • Infraspinous fossa - the area below the spine of the scapula, it displays a convex shape. The infraspinatus muscle originates from this area. • Supraspinous fossa - the area above the spine of the scapula, it is much smaller than the infraspinous fossa, and is more convex in shape.The supraspinatus muscle originates from this area.

Coracoid process Acromion

Supraspinatus G enoid fossa fossa

Infraspinatus fossa

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Clavicle • Formed of sternal end. • Shaft. • Scapular end.

Acromial Sternal end end Impression for costoclavicular ligament Conoid tubercle Trapezoid ine

Humerus: formed of • Proximal part. • Shaft. • Distal part. Proximal end: formed of • Head • Neck • Lesser trochanter • Greater trochanter • Intertubercular grouve Humeral

Acromion Process Head of Humerus Glenoid V Surgical Neck Cavity

Humerus (Shaft)

Lateral Epicondyle Capitulum • — Medial Epicondyle Trochlea

Humeral distal end • Supracondylar region. • Medial and lateral condyles. • Trochlea. • Capittelem. • Olecraneun fossa. Coronoid O ecranon fossa fossa

Radial Lateral epicondyle fossa

Medial Captitulum Trochlea epicondyle

Acromion Process Head of Humerus Greater Tubercle Lesser Tuberde Glenoid Surgical Neck W Cavity

Humerus (Shaft) Deltoid Tuberosity

Lateral Epicondyle Capitulum. Radius — Medial Epicondyle Trochlea Ulna bones, are radius and ulna.

• (Proximal) - A set of eight irregularly shaped bones. These are located in the wrist area. • Metacarpals - There are five metacarpals, each one related to a digit. • Phalanges (Distal) - The bones of the fingers. Each finger has three phalanges, except for the thumb, which has two. Carpal bones

] Scaphoid 1 Lunate | 1 Triquetrum Pisiform □ JJ Trapezoid J Capitate n Hamate

Upper limb joints

Shoulder joint formed between humeral head and glenoid cavity of the scapula. Elbow joint

• Between distal humerus and proximal ulna and radius.

Humerus Medial Supercondylar Ridge ^ Fossa Medial Epicondyle Lateral / Supercondylar Olecranon Ridge Process Lateral Epicondyle Trochlea __. Capitulum Humeroradial Joint Humeroulna Joint — Radial Head — Neck of Radius — Radial Tubercle

-Radius

Wrist joint formed between distal end of radius and ulna and carpal bones.