PHOTO CREDIT: USAID Greening Prey Lang USAID GREENING PREY LANG ANNUAL REPORT #2 OCTOBER 1, 2019 – SEPTEMBER 30, 2020

November 2020 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Tetra Tech.

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development by Tetra Tech, through USAID Contract No. 72044218C00001, USAID Greening Prey Lang Activity.

This report was prepared by:

Tetra Tech 159 Bank Street, Suite 300 Burlington, Vermont 05401 USA Telephone: (802) 495-0282 Fax: (802) 658-4247 Email: [email protected]

Tetra Tech Contacts:

Matthew Edwardsen, Chief of Party Telephone: +855 (0) 85/6 888 416 Email: [email protected]

Patricia Caffrey, Project Manager Telephone: +1 (802) 495-0303 Email: [email protected]

Cover Photo: Treehouse at BeTreed Adventures in Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary, province. Credit: USAID Greening Prey Lang.

USAID GREENING PREY LANG ANNUAL REPORT #2 OCTOBER 1, 2019 – SEPTEMBER 30, 2020

November 2020

Date original report submitted to USAID: November 14, 2020 Date comments received from USAID: December 1, 2020 Date revised report submitted to USAID: December 4, 2020 & December 10, 2020 Date report approved by USAID: December 10, 2020

DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... V 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION ...... 1 1.2 GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS ...... 1 1.3 AMPLIFICATION AND SUSTAINABILITY ...... 2 1.4 COORDINATION AND PARTNERSHIPS ...... 3 1.4.1 Implementing Partners and Stakeholder Collaboration ...... 3 1.4.2 Coordination with USAID Activities ...... 3 1.4.3 Coordination with Other Partner Programs ...... 4 2.0 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW ...... 4 2.1 OBJECTIVE 1: IMPROVED BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND ECOSYSTEM HEALTH IN PREY LANG EXTENDED LANDSCAPE ...... 5 Objective 1 Challenges ...... 14 2.2 OBJECTIVE 2: INCREASED SUSTAINABLE AND EQUITABLE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, COMMUNITY LIVELIHOODS, AND NATURAL CAPITAL REINVESTMENT ...... 14 Objective 2 Challenges ...... 23 2.3 OBJECTIVE 3: STRENGTHENED INCLUSIVE AND EFFECTIVE LANDSCAPE GOVERNANCE ...... 24 Objective 3 Challenges ...... 32 2.4.1 ADMINISTRATION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT ...... 33 2.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS AND OUTREACH ...... 36 ANNEXES ...... 39 ANNEX I. PREY LANG EXTENDED LANDSCAPE MAP ...... 39 ANNEX II. KEY STAKEHOLDERS ...... 40 ANNEX III. KEY COUNTERPART AND STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION ...... 53 ANNEX IV. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TRACKING TABLE ...... 105 ANNEX V. ACTIVITY TRACKING TABLE ...... 121 ANNEX VI. COMMUNITY PROTECTED AREAS ...... 127 ANNEX VII. COMMUNITY FORESTS ...... 135 ANNEX VIII. ORGANIZATIONAL CHARTS ...... 139 ANNEX IX. PLEL SUSTAINABLE FINANCE PLAN KEY SUSTAINABLE FINANCE INITIATIVES ...... 142 ANNEX X. ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS ...... 147 ANNEX XI. ELECTRONIC DATASETS ...... 150 ANNEX XII. ACTIVITY VISUAL STORIES ...... 151 ANNEX XIII. USAID GPL COVID-19 POLICIES ...... 156

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AC Agriculture Cooperative AFD Action for Development AFOLU Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use APS Annual Program Statement AR Augmented Reality BCC Biodiversity Conservation Corridor Beng Per Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary BFCA Bengal Florican Conservation Area Boeng Chhmar Boeng Chhmar Ramsar Site CCWC Commune Council for Women and Children CDC Council for the Development of CDPS Community Development for Peace and Sustainability CEDAC The Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture CEDT Community Empowerment and Development Team CEMIS Cambodian Environment Management Information System CF Community Forest CFi Community Fisheries Chhaeb Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary CI Conservation International CIP Commune Investment Plan CNM National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control CPA Community Protected Area CRDB Cambodia Rehabilitation and Development Board CRDT Cambodian Rural Development Team CSLEP Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Program CYN Cambodia Youth Network DIW District Integration Workshop DPA Development and Partnership in Action DQA Data Quality Assessment EWMI East West Management Institute FA Forestry Administration FAO Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations FCPF II Forest Carbon Partnership Facility II FFI Fauna & Flora International FiA Fisheries Administration FLO Forest Livelihood Organization FPIC Free, Prior, and Informed Consent FRL Forest Reference Level FWUC Farmer Water User Community FY Fiscal Year GCF Green Climate Fund GDANCP General Department of Administration for Nature Conservation and Protection GDEKI General Department of Environmental Knowledge and Information GEF Global Environment Facility GERES Energies Renouvelables, Environnement et Solidarités GESI Gender and Social Inclusion GFC Global Forest Change GIS Geographic Information System GLAD Global Land Analysis and Discovery GPL Greening Prey Lang GPS Global Positioning System ISAC Innovations for Social Accountability in Cambodia JCM Joint Crediting Mechanism

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Koh Kae Koh Kae Protected Resort Kulen Promtep Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries MEL Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning Mitsui Mitsui & Co., Ltd. MLMUPC Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction MME Ministry of Mines and Energy MoE Ministry of Environment MoI Ministry of Interior MoRD Ministry of Rural Development MoT Ministry of Tourism MOWA Ministry of Women’s Affairs MoWRM Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology MRV Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification NCDD National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development NGO Non-Governmental Organization North Tonle Sap North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape NTFP Non-Timber Forest Product NTFP-EP Non-Timber Forest Products-Exchange Programme ODK Open Data Kit OFO Our Future Organization OPKC Organization to Promote Kuy Culture PA Protected Area PAMP Protected Area Monitoring Platform PDAFF Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries PDLMUPC Provincial Department of Land Management, Urban Planning, and Construction PDoE Provincial Department of Environment PDoRD Provincial Department of Rural Development PDoT Provincial Department of Tourism PDoWA Provincial Department of Women’s Affairs PDoWRM Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology PES Payment for Ecosystem Services Phnom Tbaeng Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park Phnom Thnout Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary PKH People of Knowledge of Highlanders PLCN Prey Lang Community Network PLEL Prey Lang Extended Landscape PLR Policy, Law, and Regulation PNKS Ponleu Ney Kdey Sangkhum PPP Public-Private Partnership Prasat Bakan Prasat Bakan (Preah Khan Kampong Svay) Protected Landscape Preah Roka Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary Preah Vihear Preah Vihear Protected Landscape Preak Prasab Preak Prasab Wildlife Sanctuary Prey Lang Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary RECOFTC The Center for People and Forests REDD+ Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries RGC Royal Government of Cambodia Sambour Prey Kok Sambour Prey Kok Protected Landscape Sambour Sambour Wildlife Sanctuary SMART Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool SME Small and Medium Size Enterprise

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SMP Sansom Mlup Prey SRP Sustainable Rice Platform Stung Sen Stung Sen Ramsar Site Stung Treng Stung Treng Ramsar Site SWP Sustainable Water Partnership TEAMS Training and Exchanges Automated Management System Techo Sen Techo Sen Russey Treb Cambodian Royal Academy National Park Tonle Sap Tonle Sap Multiple Use Area ToT Training of Trainer UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services USAID United States Agency for International Development VCS Verified Carbon Standard VMN Village Marketing Network VR Virtual Reality WA Wildlife Alliance WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WEA Wild Earth Allies WWF World Wildlife Fund for Nature YEA Young Eco Ambassador

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY USAID Greening Prey Lang (GPL) is a five-year Activity that aims to promote resilient, low-emission development and inclusive, sustainable management in the Prey Lang Extended Landscape (PLEL). To achieve this goal, USAID GPL implements an integrated, landscape-level approach that addresses the direct threats to natural capital and their drivers. The Activity improves participation and evidence- based decision-making in Cambodia’s management of its forests and biodiversity to lower greenhouse gas emissions, create economic opportunities for rural people, and mobilize investment in natural capital to reduce risks due to climate change vulnerabilities. This is the USAID GPL Activity’s second annual report covering the period of October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. Second year interventions focused on implementing Year 2 Annual Work Plan activities, despite challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic such as travel restrictions, closure of government and other partner and counterpart offices, and limitations on field activities and meetings with counterparts and beneficiaries. During fiscal year 2020 (FY20), USAID GPL conducted several assessments and reviews to support adaptive Activity implementation and understand and address the unprecedented impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic in the PLEL. These included a Rapid Assessment on COVID-19 Impacts on Community Livelihoods and Natural Resources, a Community Protected Area (CPA) Forest Cover Rapid Assessment, a review of CPA performance, and an Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session. Biodiversity conservation and protected area activities USAID GPL conducted annual adaptive management planning in FY20 for Beng Per, Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Preah Roka, Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok, and Prey Lang wildlife sanctuaries and Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park (Phnom Tbaeng). USAID GPL facilitated the establishment of four national technical working groups to coordinate zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration and six provincial technical working groups for Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, Oddar Meanchey, , and Stung Treng provinces. USAID GPL conducted the first consultation workshop to address zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration with the newly established national working groups and the first meetings of the newly established provincial working groups and developed a PLEL-wide zoning work plan and action plans for each province. USAID GPL initiated zoning of the six Bengal Florican Conservation Areas (BFCAs) in North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape (North Tonle Sap), disseminated information on the Prey Lang zoning and demarcation process to communities in Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces, and developed zero draft zoning maps for Kulen Promtep in Siem Reap and Oddar Meanchey provinces, Chhaeb, Phnom Tbaeng, Phnom Thnout, Preah Roka, Prey Lang, and North Tonle Sap. USAID GPL supported communities to develop new community protected areas (CPAs) and strengthen existing CPAs, facilitating participatory assessment and consultation, CPA establishment, organization of CPA structure; boundary demarcation, by-law development, and management plan development, in addition to providing capacity building for CPA management. In addition to the ongoing support from FY 2019 (FY19) for CPAs in Prey Lang and the protected areas in , USAID GPL initiated support in the second quarter of FY20 for CPA development in North Tonle Sap. USAID GPL now supports more than 50 CPAs in the PLEL. USAID GPL provided support for community forests (CFs) and farmer water user communities (FWUCs), establishing a CF support work plan and FWUC annual work plans, conducting CF assessment, piloting CF reforestation, initiating a grant to RECOFTC to improve livelihoods in CF communities through sustainable forest management, contributing to strategic watershed planning for

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Stung Chinit River Basin, conducting a cross-provincial exposure visit for FWUCs, and providing awareness raising for FWUCs to improve capacity. USAID GPL supports 35 CFs and 3 FWUCs in the PLEL. USAID GPL conducted ongoing biodiversity research and monitoring activities, including globally threatened bird species census surveys, key bird species presence surveys, monthly vulture restaurants, and collection of ad hoc field observation data on bird and other fauna species sightings by Provincial Department of Environment (PDoE) rangers and biodiversity field researchers, all of which provide an important understanding of species presence and trends in the landscape and inform adaptive conservation planning, as well as bird nest surveys for the bird nest protection program. USAID GPL initiated cameral trap surveys in protected areas across the PLEL to study population density and distribution of key wildlife species to inform effective protected area zoning and management. Grants to Our Future Organization (OFO) for biodiversity monitoring in Phnom Thnout and to Fauna and Flora International (FFI) for elephant research in the PLEL commenced. Community awareness raising in FY20 included development and dissemination to communities and government of educational materials to raise awareness about the importance of wildlife and biodiversity conservation; the impacts of poisoning on people, livestock, and wildlife; the ban on the hazardous veterinary medicine Diclofenac; and the benefits of ecotourism and to increase understanding of globally threatened bird species conservation and the bird nest protection program. Sustainable finance and livelihoods activities USAID GPL developed a strategy to link small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with REDD+ nested projects within an Integrated Green Enterprise framework and established an investment linkage between IBIS Rice and USAID Green Invest Asia. USAID GPL livelihoods development activities in FY20 focused on ecotourism, conservation-friendly agriculture such as IBIS Rice, and sustainable non-timber forest products (NTFPs) such as resin. PLEL- wide ecotourism support included inter-provincial and international exposure visits; tourism itinerary building with Provincial Departments of Tourism (PDoTs) and Ministry of Tourism (MoT); the first national forum on ecotourism policy; an annual work plan agreement with PLEL PDoTs; promotion of community-based ecotourism sites with a private tour company, at the 6th River Festival in , and through the Explore Wild Cambodia ecotourism fair for wildlife. USAID GPL also helped launch Cambodia’s first online ecotourism experience through Facebook Live and Airbnb for BeTreed Adventures. In Preah Vihear, Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces, USAID GPL supported capacity development for ecotourism communities, as well as expansion, facilities improvement, and promotion. During the year, USAID GPL supported expansion of the IBIS Rice program under an ongoing grant to Sansum Mlup Prey (SMP), with 344 families participating in FY20 in Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provinces; facilitated the establishment of 18 resin groups in 3 villages in , providing technical support to begin a resin tree inventory to support customary tenure and resin tree protection; and supported bamboo market assessment for communities in Kratie and Stung Treng provinces. In FY20, the OFO grant project also initiated agriculture support activities, engaging 127 households in the new program; the Cambodian Rural Development Team (CRDT) grant project initiated activities to improve sustainable livelihoods and reduce human pressures on forests and ecosystems through increased food production and income diversification within local communities, with an initial 11 villages participating in Kratie and Stung Treng provinces; and the Non-Timber Forest Products-Exchange Programme (NTFP-EP) grant project initiated activities to improve livelihoods through sustainable community-based enterprise development, conducting a training on policy advocacy and lobbying on NFTPs to Cambodia NTFP Working Group members, community-based enterprise committees, and government department officials.

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USAID GPL completed a Livelihood Action Plan, developed as a part of the response to impacts on community livelihoods and natural resources from the COVID-19 pandemic, that identifies opportunities to fill gaps and expand livelihoods interventions through grants to provide additional livelihood benefits to local communities. USAID GPL conducted a nested REDD+ feasibility study for protected areas in Cambodia’s Northern Plains Landscape in Preah Vihear province, which resulted in a positive financial model. Based on the results of the study, USAID GPL will support the next stage of project development. During the year, USAID GPL engaged with the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) REDD+ project Phase I and Mitsui & CO., Ltd. (Mitsui) has agreed to formally explore initiating Phase 2 of the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary JCM REDD+ project in partnership with Conservation International (CI) and USAID GPL. Because United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and World Bank are supporting Ministry of Environment (MoE) in establishing national payments for ecosystem services (PES) policy and implementing two PES pilot projects, the development of a PES Assessment has been put on hold until a clear opportunity for additional PES development emerges from the various USAID GPL natural resource management engagements. Throughout FY20, USAID GPL supported implementation of a conservation enterprise compliance monitoring system to track Preah Vihear province payment for ecosystem services program member compliance with signed conservation agreements, a requirement for participation in the IBIS Rice incentive-based product scheme. This included maintaining the database and migrating data to an improved format. USAID GPL grantee SMP conducted land verification and compliance. Throughout the year, USAID GPL engaged 82/5F villagers in bird nest protection and monitoring in Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, and Preah Roka wildlife sanctuaries in Preah Vihear province. To address the increasing threat of wildlife poisoning during the COVID-19 pandemic due to lost livelihoods, USAID GPL initiated a program for protection of trapeangs (ponds used by wildlife) in Chhaeb. USAID GPL initiated expansion of the Sustainable Rice Platform (SRP) in North Tonle Sap in FY20, hiring staff, building capacity, and establishing cooperation with Provincial Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (PDAFF) and local authorities. Full implementation of the intervention will commence in FY21. During the fiscal year, USAID GPL supported minor wildlife ecotourism facilities improvements in Preah Vihear province following environmental screening. In FY20, USAID GPL supported to 4 agriculture cooperatives (ACs) in , providing capacity development to improve business management, market linkages, and agriculture practices and established demonstration farms showcasing drip irrigation methods. Governance and law enforcement activities During the year, USAID GPL provided support for the development and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations (PLRs) identified through the policy mapping exercise completed in FY19. This included technical support for development, adoption, and/or implementation of 5 CPA by-laws; 6 decisions engaging CPA members to join joint patrols; 26 joint patrol agreements between CPAs and Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Phnom Tbaeng, Preah Roka, and Prey Lang wildlife sanctuaries; 4 decisions to establish national level technical working groups to coordinate zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration; and 6 regulations establishing provincial technical working groups. USAID GPL also provided technical support for the development of 19 draft CPA by-laws, 1 draft ecotourism community by-law, and 3 draft resin group by-laws. In addition, USAID GPL provided support in FY20 for the development of national nested REDD+ policy.

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Following refinement of PLEL Assessment training materials and staff training, USAID GPL initiated training of trainer (ToT) training on climate change and the PLEL Assessment, as well as gender mainstreaming and empowerment, conducting a training for Ministry of Interior (MoI) and district and provincial representatives from provinces across Cambodia to support mainstreaming climate change and gender into the implementation of sub-decrees on decentralization of authority to the subnational level. In addition, USAID GPL consulted with MoE on the PLEL Assessment to receive their input and validation. Additional analysis based on recently released 2018 data and input from MoE were incorporated into the report, and USAID GPL and MoE will jointly publish the final report in English and Khmer. In addition to developing guidelines to promote social accountability and transparency through institutional support to subnational stakeholders, guidelines to promote effective meetings at the subnational level, and a training manual for the National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development (NCDD) on climate change and the value of forests for mitigation to inform subnational government decision making through the commune and district investment programs, USAID GPL participated in the Integration Workshop (DIW) to integrate relevant USAID GPL annual work plan activities and facilitated the attendance of members from 9 CPAs at monthly commune council meetings in Preah Vihear province. In FY20, USAID GPL supported 118 law enforcement planning and reflection meetings (30 SMART patrol planning monthly meetings, 78 CPA patrol planning monthly meetings, 6 CPA patrol planning annual meetings, and 6 joint patrol planning meetings), 1,410 ranger patrols, 967 community patrols, and 223 joint patrols, engaging a total of 3,560 participants (583F) across the PLEL. The OFO grant project supported 103 CPA patrols and 41 joint patrols in Phnom Thnout. In addition, USAID GPL initiated procedures to track natural resource criminal cases as part of expanded efforts to assess the effectiveness of law enforcement interventions. USAID GPL continued in FY20 to prioritize law enforcement capacity building for rangers and communities, identified through the Law Enforcement Capacity Assessment conducted in FY19 as a fundamental need in the PLEL. This included providing 9 trainings and on-the-job coaching sessions to rangers, including 5 multi-day trainings, to improve skills that are considered core competences for rangers and priorities for Cambodian wildlife protection staff, develop capacity for use of SMART Mobile and drones for aerial imagery, and increase understanding of legal case procedures for natural resource offences and natural resource crime reporting protocols. It also included 8 trainings for CPAs on patrol techniques, safety and security, wildlife identification, and the use of mobile applications for communications. In addition, USAID GPL developed guidelines to help rangers stay safe while on patrol during the COVID-19 pandemic. Throughout FY20, USAID GPL provided law enforcement technical support tools and essential patrol equipment for protected area rangers. USAID GPL coordinated with United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) and the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control (CNM) to distribute anti-malaria bed and hammock nets to 57 community groups in the PLEL to be used during forest patrols and awarded an in-kind grant to MoE for distribution of patrol equipment to 49 CPAs in Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, and Kratie provinces. Key achievements for the Protected Area Monitoring Platform (PAMP) included securing technical partnerships with government, donor, and non-governmental (NGO) partners (MoE, Forestry Administration, World Bank, SERVIR-Mekong, FAO, SilvaCarbon, Vulcan, and SMART Partnership); developing the PAMP monitoring framework; field testing handheld mobile devices for data collection and training of government partners; coordinating with government and partner programs (MoE, SERVIR-Mekong, World Bank Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Program [CSLEP], and United Nations Development Programme [UNDP] Forest Carbon Partnership Facility II [FCPF II]) to

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align monitoring and decision support tool development; Vulcan Earth Ranger training of subnational and national government and conservation NGO staff; and back end technical development to streamline data management from both remote sensing alerts and ground-based data capture, as well as prototyping of additional functional components, such as a radar-based alert methodology under development by SERVIR-Mekong using ESA Sentinel 1 satellite radar imagery. Management and communications activities In FY20, USAID GPL recruited and hired 31 new staff for the , Kampong Thom, and Preah Vihear offices; FY20 updated policies and provided staff orientation; developed and implemented an electronic reimbursement payments system for community members and government officials; conducted procurement and reporting; and conducted quarterly coordination meetings between landscape and Phnom Penh offices on administration, finance, and operations and to improve coordination between technical and administrative teams. USAID GPL staff capacity building during the year included key wildlife species survey methods and field navigation, gender equality and facilitation skills, results-based report writing, ToT on climate change and PLEL Assessment findings, resin tree inventorying, SMART Connect, SMART Mobile, Open Data Kit (ODK) for field data collection, environmental screening for project activities, and basic GIS and use of drones as a law enforcement support tool. USAID GPL implemented a grant facility in FY20 and released the first Annual Program Statement (APS) to solicit proposals for livelihoods development projects, awarding 6 new grants to OFO, Wildlife Alliance (WA), FFI, RECOFTC, NTFP-EP, and CRDT. USAID GPL also awarded two in-kind grants in FY20, one to MoE and one to the Kampong Thom Provincial Government to improve patrolling of Cambodian protected areas through engagement with community members. USAID GPL continued to implement the grant to SMP to support the IBIS Rice program. USAID GPL implemented an online activity management system linked to an online monitoring and evaluation (M&E) database to support the needs of more than 60 activity implementers, managers, and M&E staff for streamlined activity tracking, management, and reporting. USAID GPL M&E staff conducted training for staff on the system, as well as on M&E data requirements, and developed a MEL Manual on project indicators. The USAID GPL M&E team conduced ongoing data collection, entry, analysis, and reporting, as well as ongoing field monitoring of project activities for data quality control and assurance, and successfully completed a USAID Data Quality Assessment (DQA) in early FY20. The M&E team transitioned from USAID TraiNet to Training and Exchanges Automated Management System (TEAMS) for tracking training data and utilized the GeoCenter system for submitting project location data. In early FY20 USAID GPL M&E staff developed indicator roadmaps with technical managers and landscape teams and in late FY20, assessed FY20 indicator achievements and developed FY21 indicator roadmaps. Throughout the year, USAID GPL conducted quarterly reflection and detailed work planning, revised the MEL Plan, including project indicators, and developed the Y3 Annual Work Plan collaboratively based on assessments conducted and lessons learned in Y2 and with input from MoE. Implementation of the FY20 Communications and Outreach Plan included development of 12 visual stories, 9 monthly bulletins with a project snapshot, 7 video clips, and 11 Conservation Chat videos. In addition, USAID GPL supported 1 media visit to the PLEL, a Youth Debate on the Environment, 1 environmental protection themed video competition, and an International Vulture Day social media campaign. USAID GPL also produced 200 t-shirts for a Bird Festival, 21 street banners promoting the benefits of forests,1 biodiversity and threats display for the U.S. Ambassador’s welcome reception, 500 copies of a poster on the Diclofenac ban, wildlife anti-poisoning awareness raising materials, posters for community wildlife awareness raising and training, a USAID GPL-branded water bottle to promote the

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project and plastic waste reduction, leaflets for Stung Treng PDoT to promote tourist attractions, and a redesigned USAID GPL project banner for the field offices. Challenges The principal challenges facing USAID GPL activities are protected area zoning and land registration, secondary impacts of COVID-19 on livelihoods, and the lack of effective law enforcement. While MoE has issued decisions to establish four national level zoning working groups for the PLEL provinces and has included land registration in the mandate along with zoning and demarcation the overall process continues to experience delays. The critical nature of this process is brought up continuously with all levels of MoE leadership at the provincial and national levels. In addition, USAID GPL is also working closely with provincial governors’ offices in all four provinces to broaden stakeholder engagement and ownership. Further complicating matters related to zonation is the directive provided by the Prime Minister on July 3, 2020, to grant land titles to individuals who have been living in protected areas for long periods of time. The directive also requires the MoE to allocate 10% of protected area land for community use. In principle this direction should provide a clear framework for zonation and land registration, but the lack of clear guidance regarding how long individuals are required to have established residency in protected areas so that they can be granted title has created significant challenges. Numerous government authorities have stated categorically that potential conservation and core zones within protected areas will be excluded from these claims, but at the commune and district levels there has been conflicting guidance provided to communities. This has created a sense of expectation at multiple levels that wide swaths of the protected area network will be handed over regardless of the legitimacy of land use claims. COVID-19 posed the most significant challenge to livelihoods interventions during Year 2. All international tourism halted completely, and it is unlikely to return for at least one to two years to pre- COVID-19 levels. Locally grown smallholder cash crops, such as cassava and cashew, experienced a significant decrease in short-term prices due to lack of market access and decreasing demand. These and numerous other significant shocks to local income generation have highlighted the threat multiplier effect of COVID-19 on rural Cambodia and the significant immediate and long-term challenges posed by the economic impacts of the global pandemic. Effective law enforcement, which integrates government and communities into a holistic model based on trust and enforcement of protected area laws, remains challenging. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a marked increase in natural resource crime. To foster greater effectiveness, transparency, and accountability, USAID GPL has continued to advocate for joint patrolling for all interested community members across the PLEL, in addition to the field testing and adoption of the MoE’s PAMP. Further evidence of the challenges to achieving effective law enforcement was the clarity that the Global Forest Change (GFC) v1.7 provided on the state of forest loss in Cambodia. The GFC v1.7 analysis revealed a sharp rise in deforestation between 2018 and 2019, reversing downward trends of the previous two years. USAID GPL has advised MoE that immediate action is required to address the runaway deforestation identified by GFC v1.7. The data was further processed using a grid reference system to generate a series of 10 km gridded statistical maps of high deforestation, recent rates of change, deforestation above the national REDD+ forest reference level (FRL), and areas of high risk of future deforestation. These were developed as a proof of concept of ongoing use of GFC as a decision support tool within PAMP. Additional analyses of GFC v1.7 demonstrated the extreme rates of forest fragmentation in Cambodia resulting in an extensive reduction of forest habitat quality and further increasing rates of deforestation in fragmented areas.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION The USAID Greening Prey Lang (GPL) Activity, which began on August 13, 2018, aims to improve and maintain the health of forest and freshwater ecosystems within and surrounding the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary (Prey Lang) by engaging civil society and public entities to work together to consolidate the conservation and sustainable management of the Prey Lang Extended Landscape (PLEL). The five-year Activity increases sustainable economic opportunities; supports the development of inclusive natural resource governance; and improves conservation efforts and land management for agriculture, forestry, and water while reducing greenhouse gases and increasing resilience to climate change. The overall vision of the Activity is to promote resilient, low-emissions development through inclusive sustainable management of the PLEL. To achieve this goal, USAID GPL builds on the successes of prior investments in the PLEL and implements a landscape-level approach that focuses on three integrated and mutually reinforcing primary objectives: 1. Improved biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health in the PLEL; 2. Increased sustainable and equitable economic opportunities, community livelihoods, and natural capital reinvestment; and 3. Strengthened inclusive and effective landscape governance.

The USAID GPL team accomplishes these objectives by working in partnership with beneficiaries who depend on ecological services such as clean air and water, biodiversity, and food; community-based organizations; the private sector; and the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC), and providing technical assistance for strengthening implementation and enforcement of formal processes for sustainable landscape management and biodiversity conservation. This Activity also supports Cambodia’s goals and international commitments for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. Figure 1 illustrates the overall vision and primary objectives of the USAID GPL Activity. 1.2 GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS The geographic focus of the USAID GPL Activity is the Prey Lang Extended Landscape (PLEL), which is a mosaic of land cover and land use types – protected areas, concessions, and communities – under severe threats from deforestation, wildlife Figure 1: Prey Lang Extended Landscape vision trafficking, and the impacts of climate change. The PLEL is situated across 8.8 million acres (3.5 million hectares) and six provinces (Preah Vihear, Kampong Thom, Kratie, Stung Treng, Siem Reap, and Oddar Meanchey) in north-central Cambodia and includes natural protected areas (wildlife sanctuaries, natural heritage parks, protected landscapes, Ramsar sites, and multiple use protected areas), community protected areas (CPAs), community forests (CFs), and biodiversity conservation corridors (BCCs), as well as the catchment basins hydrologically

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connecting these areas to the Tonle Sap ecosystem. Protected areas within the PLEL include Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary (Beng Per), Boeng Chhmar Ramsar Site (Boeng Chhmar), Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary (Chhaeb), Koh Kae Protected Resort (Koh Kae), Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary (Kulen Promtep), North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape (North Tonle Sap), Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park (Phnom Tbaeng), Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary (Phnom Thnout), Prasat Bakan (Preah Khan Kampong Svay) Protected Landscape (Prasat Bakan), Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary (Preah Roka), Preah Vihear Protected Landscape (Preah Vihear), Preak Prasab Wildlife Sanctuary (Preak Prasab), Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary (Prey Lang), Sambour Prey Kok Protected Landscape (Sambour Prey Kok), Sambour Wildlife Sanctuary (Sambour), Stung Sen Ramsar Site (Stung Sen), Stung Treng Ramsar Site (Stung Treng), Techo Sen Russey Treb Cambodian Royal Academy National Park (Techo Sen), and Tonle Sap Multiple Use Area (Tonle Sap). Figure 2 below shows the PLEL boundary and protected areas within the PLEL, while Figure 3 in Annex I includes land use within the PLEL.

Figure 2: Prey Lang Extended Landscape boundary map

1.3 AMPLIFICATION AND SUSTAINABILITY Realizing the USAID GPL vision of resilient, low-emission development and inclusive, sustainable management of the PLEL requires both amplification and sustainability of Activity interventions to develop stakeholder ownership and mobilize resources. Key to this are participant-led and inclusive interventions and sustainable finance for activities during the life of the Activity and beyond.

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USAID GPL fosters partnership between relevant government institutions and citizens living within the PLEL and facilitates an evidence-based engagement process in which the PLEL strategy is jointly defined and implemented among a diverse and representative set of key landscape-level stakeholders (government, private, and civil society) to guide the overall direction and, ultimately, the sustained success of the Activity. The implementation of crosscutting strategies via the Gender and Social Inclusion (GESI) and Communications and Outreach plans ensures effective stakeholder engagement and enables sustained implementation across the PLEL. The PLEL Sustainable Finance Plan guides the development of strategic partnerships and leverages sustainable, tangible investments in the PLEL throughout and beyond the term of the Activity. The PLEL Sustainable Finance Plan taps into streams from government, commercial and other private entities, climate change financing mechanisms, payment for ecosystem services (PES), and conservation trust funds. The USAID GPL team continues to develop and establish a variety of partnerships between government and the private sector, the Activity and the private sector, and citizens and government to leverage and sustain these investments. 1.4 COORDINATION AND PARTNERSHIPS The USAID GPL team implements the Activity in collaboration with two major implementing partners as well as a wide range of stakeholders at the national and landscape levels and across sectors, including donors, civil society organizations, and the private sector. USAID GPL coordinates with other relevant USAID activities and works in close partnership with national and subnational government entities. 1.4.1 IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS AND STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION The USAID GPL Activity is led by Tetra Tech with support from two major partners, Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and Conservation International (CI). During fiscal year (FY) 2020 (FY20), USAID GPL continued the critical process of maintaining strong relationships with key government stakeholders at the national and subnational level. In addition to national and subnational government entities, USAID GPL continues to engage and collaborate with donor agencies, local and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community groups, and the private sector. USAID GPL key specific stakeholders and categories of stakeholder groups at the subnational and national level from government, civil society, and the private sector identified to date are included in Table 1 in Annex II. Key USAID GPL counterpart and stakeholder collaboration included engagement in high level national and subnational meetings and key events, as outlined in Table 2 in Annex III, and communication with key stakeholders and counterparts, as outlined in Table 3 in Annex III. 1.4.2 COORDINATION WITH USAID ACTIVITIES USAID GPL continued to collaborate with USAID activities at the national and provincial level throughout the year. During the first quarter, USAID GPL continued its collaboration with Sustainable Water Partnership (SWP) in Kampong Thom province; coordinated on national level law enforcement efforts with WCS and World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF) related to their USAID-funded cooperative agreements in Mondulkiri; supported U.S. Forest Service on identifying candidates for a law enforcement seminar and finalization of several modules of the basic ranger training curriculum; worked with USAID Green Invest Asia on evaluating several private sector investment opportunities; and scaled up collaboration with SERVIR-Mekong on remote sensing. USAID GPL also supported USAID Green Futures on their administrative and technical program start-up. Beginning in the second quarter, in person meetings were limited due to COVID-19. To ensure that the most updated practices and guidelines related to COVID-19 were implemented for Activity staff and beneficiaries, USAID GPL communicated across numerous projects in the USAID Cambodia portfolio. In addition, during the second quarter, briefings were held with the new Innovations for Social Accountability program in Cambodia and the Dahlberg Community Engagement Activity. Across the

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USAID Food Security and Environment portfolio coordination continued with Green Futures, SERVIR- Mekong, USAID Green Invest Asia, U.S. Forest Service, WWF, and WCS. During the third and fourth quarter, USAID GPL continued to work closely with USAID Cambodia Green Future, SERVIR-Mekong, USAID Green Invest Asia, U.S. Forest Service, SWP, WWF, and WCS. 1.4.3 COORDINATION WITH OTHER PARTNER PROGRAMS Coordination with other partner programs is a critical function of USAID GPL as it ensures that activities are implemented in a synergistic manner. As reflected throughout this report, USAID GPL continued to coordinate activities with other partner programs at all levels of program implementation. Annex II highlights the key partner programs where coordination on ongoing activities occurred. 2.0 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW When the pandemic began in March 2020, Tetra Tech released guidelines related to project office-level COVID-19 contingency planning for instituting precautionary measures to safeguard the well-being of USAID GPL staff. When the pandemic began to abate in Cambodia, at the beginning of May, a second set of guidance was released to prepare for the resumption of field activities. In response to the situation, the USAID GPL offices were closed except for key management staff between March 16, 2020 and May 7, 2020. During this time, all field activities were suspended, staff worked remotely, and there were no meetings with any beneficiaries. However, support for patrol activities (ranger, CPA, and joint patrols) continued and virtual meetings were conducted. Due to the progress made in Cambodia on combatting COVID-19, USAID GPL field activities were gradually resumed beginning May 8, 2020, under the specific requirements outlined in the May 8, 2020 memo to staff on COVID-19 Gradual Restart of USAID GPL Activities (Annex XIII). As of the writing of this annual report, the official number of COVID-19 cases tested positive in Cambodia has reached 2831. If the situation begins to worsen in Cambodia, then the project will revert to the earlier guidelines issued in March 2020. During FY20, USAID GPL conducted several assessments and reviews to support adaptive Activity implementation and understand and address the unprecedented impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic in the PLEL. These included a Rapid Assessment on COVID-19 Impacts on Community Livelihoods and Natural Resources, a CPA Forest Cover Rapid Assessment, a review of CPA performance, and an Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session. The Rapid Assessment on COVID-19 Impacts on Community Livelihoods and Natural Resources was conducted to assist USAID GPL in identifying opportunities to adaptively manage Activity implementation to respond to this unprecedented challenge. The assessment found that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the small scale agricultural industry and other businesses, narrowing the market and lowering the price of agriculture products and creating job losses in other sectors due to the travel ban and business closures, resulting in a significant loss of family income and an increase in natural resources crime (e.g., illegal logging and land clearance for cultivation, which destroys wildlife habitat, and poisoning of wildlife). The assessment also found that the multiple impacts of COVID-19, natural resource degradation, and climate change are exacerbating the underlying governance, livelihood, and conservation challenges in rural Cambodia and highlighted the significant immediate and long-term challenges posed by the economic impacts of the global pandemic. In response, USAID GPL worked with communities to identify interventions to help mitigate these impacts and developed a revised implementation plan for supplemental funding from USAID to implement activities to address the

1 U.S. Embassy in Cambodia website (https://kh.usembassy.gov/covid-19-information/) accessed October 28, 2020.

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secondary impacts of the pandemic, including community zone management planning, rollout of $1.5M of livelihoods related grants, and increased law enforcement with an emphasis on Prey Lang. The CPA Forest Cover Rapid Assessment looked at a sample of CPAs in the PLEL to determine forest cover change between 2018 and 2020, finding significant forest cover loss in 46% of CPAs analyzed. This was followed by a review of CPA performance to assess community participation and law enforcement activities (CPA patrols and joint patrols) over the first three quarters of FY20. Findings were cross- referenced with forest cover loss in each CPA identified in the forest cover assessment to determine the effectiveness of CPA forest and wildlife conservation. The outcomes from these analyses have informed modification of USAID GPL strategy for more effective CPA support. The CPA performance review will be followed by an in-depth assessment of target CPAs in FY21 to further capture lessons from conservation efforts and tailor approaches accordingly. The principle outcome of the Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session was the identification of the need to increase transparency and accountability in law enforcement in the PLEL and improve follow through with reported cases. These findings have informed key adaptations in USAID GPL’s approach for law enforcement support to emphasize expanding joint patrols across the PLEL and increasing USAID GPL engagement in patrols and law enforcement planning, along with implementation of activities to support follow up for reported cases with the Provincial Department of Environment (PDoE) and the courts. In addition, USAID GPL is prioritizing technical assistance for full implementation of the Protected Area Monitoring Platform (PAMP) to support evidence-based law enforcement decision making. In addition to these assessments to inform needed adaptation to address impacts from the pandemic, when staff began working remotely and engagement with beneficiaries and government partners was significantly reduced, USAID GPL launched Conservation Chats to keep national and subnational stakeholders engaged in USAID GPL activities during the COVID-19 crisis, providing information on project activities through dynamic social media content. The Conservation Chats program is described in section 2.4.2 Communications and Outreach. The narrative below discusses activities implemented during FY20. The performance indicator tracking table (Table 4) is in Annex IV and the annual work plan activity tracking table (Table 5) is in Annex V. 2.1 OBJECTIVE 1: IMPROVED BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND ECOSYSTEM HEALTH IN PREY LANG EXTENDED LANDSCAPE USAID GPL is improving resilience, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem health in the PLEL by improving management systems for natural capital assets and supporting key stakeholders to develop, administer, implement, monitor, and enforce sustainable protected area management plans. 1.1 Support PDoE annual adaptive management planning for targeted PAs within the PLEL: To ensure the success of project interventions to conserve biodiversity and natural resources in the PLEL, USAID GPL conducts participatory protected area annual adaptive management planning with stakeholders, including PDoE officials, protected area directors and rangers, district governors, commune councils, and CPA and CF members. The resulting protected area annual adaptive management plans, which are developed for each province in the landscape, are jointly implemented by USAID GPL and PDoE. Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces implement annual work plans from January through December. In November 2019, USAID GPL facilitated adaptive management planning workshops with

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Kratie and Kampong Thom PDoE to develop situational models and annual adaptive work plans for each province with participants from local authorities and community groups. (Note: the Stung Treng situational model and annual adaptive management plan were developed in the fourth quarter of FY19.) In June 2020, USAID GPL facilitated workshops with Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng PDoE and representatives from local authorities and community groups to conduct a mid-year review of implementation of the annual management plans. The process for developing the work plan for 2021 will begin in December. Photo by USAID GPL Preah Vihear province implements an annual work plan from October Head of Phnom Chrum Trey Khsann CPA presents findings of a threats through September. In May and June 2020, USAID GPL facilitated assessment to inform participatory workshops with Preah Vihear PDoE and representatives from local protected area annual adaptive management planning. authorities and community groups to reflect on the progress of the previous year’s annual management plan and review the proposed plan for the next year, with a follow up workshop conducted to finalize the annual work plan for 2021 in September 2020. 1.2 Support zoning of targeted PAs across the PLEL: USAID GPL continued ongoing support from FY19 for zoning of protected areas in the PLEL. The implementation of zoning activities has been dependent on zoning and demarcation working groups being established, and Ministry of Environment (MoE) has been engaged in a lengthy process to do this. USAID GPL worked closely with MoE during FY20 to move this process forward. In March, MoE issued decisions to establish four inter-provincial working groups to coordinate zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration for (1) Prey Lang in Kratie province, (2) Prey Lang in Stung Treng province and all protected areas in Preah Vihear province, (3) protected areas in , and (4) protected areas in Kampong Thom and Siem Reap provinces. USAID GPL worked closely with PDoE directors and provincial government in the third quarter to finalize establishment of provincial working groups, which include province, commune, and district level stakeholders, in Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, Siem Reap, and Stung Treng provinces. In the fourth quarter, USAID GPL supported the establishment of the Oddar Meanchey zoning and demarcation technical working group. To facilitate the process of establishing zoning working groups and improve the responsiveness of government counterparts, USAID GPL drafted 223 letters (Table 3, Annex III) formally requesting government support across all aspects of USAID GPL technical assistance efforts. In the third quarter, USAID GPL conducted the first consultation workshop to address zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration with the newly established national working groups to introduce roles and responsibilities. In addition, detailed action plans for the protected areas in Preah Vihear province were developed with the Preah Vihear technical working group during the workshop. USAID GPL also facilitated the first meeting of the Kampong Thom working group in the third quarter to disseminate the working group’s terms of reference and develop an action plan. In the fourth quarter, USAID GPL facilitated meetings for the Kratie and Stung Treng technical working groups to disseminate terms of reference and develop zoning and demarcation action plans, and meetings for the Oddar Meanchey and Siem Reap technical working groups to establish roles and responsibilities, approve work plans, and present zero draft zoning maps for protected areas in these provinces. Throughout the process to establish and start up the new zoning working groups, USAID GPL continued to support zoning planning in the PLEL. In the second quarter, USAID GPL officially agreed

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with MoE to support zoning in seven protected areas in the PLEL, including Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, North Tonle Sap, Phnom Tbaeng, Phnom Thnout, Preah Roka, and Prey Lang. In the second quarter, USAID GPL supported the soon-to-be-reformed Stung Treng working group to update the annual work plan and initiated support for zoning of six Bengal Florican Conservation Areas (BFCAs) in North Tonle Sap by beginning data collection on land tenure and land use for community and sustainable use zones in Trea Samaki BFCA and conducting awareness raising with villages, districts, and communes on the zoning process and objectives of BFCAs. In the third quarter, USAID GPL developed a PLEL-wide work plan for protected area zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration, and drafted work plans for Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Phnom Thnout, Preah Roka, Prey Lang, and Phnom Tbaeng to provide guidance and inform development of working group action plans. In the fourth quarter, USAID GPL developed educational materials on the protected area zoning and demarcation process for dissemination to stakeholders across the PLEL and established an agreement with Kampong Thom PDoE and MoE on the process and work plan for disseminating boundary demarcation information to communities in North Tonle Sap and collecting data for identifying demarcation locations. USAID GPL also worked with PDoE during this quarter to disseminate information on the Prey Lang zoning and demarcation process to communities (villages, CPAs, CFs, farmer water user communities [FWUCs], commune councils, districts) in Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces, while also collecting data on biodiversity, key natural features, and key wildlife habitats to support zoning decision making. In addition, USAID GPL supported participatory mapping of community land use in Chhaeb and developed zero draft zoning maps to support technical working group decision making for Chhaeb, Phnom Tbaeng, Phnom Thnout, Preah Roka, and Prey Lang, as well as North Tonle Sap and Kulen Promtep in Siem Reap and Oddar Meanchey provinces. 1.3 Support communities to develop new CPAs and strengthen existing CPAs, CFs, CFis, and other community groups across the PLEL: In FY20, USAID GPL continued to support communities to develop new CPAs and strengthen existing CPAs, facilitating participatory assessment and consultation, CPA establishment (application), organization of CPA structure (management committees), boundary demarcation, by-law development (regulations), and management plan development, in addition to providing capacity building for CPA management. Along with the ongoing support from FY19 for CPAs in Prey Lang and the protected areas in Preah Vihear province, USAID GPL Photo by USAID GPL initiated support in the second quarter of FY20 for CPA CPA members and PDoE rangers install a boundary development in North Tonle Sap. USAID GPL currently pole in the A Phlaonh Phnomdei CPA in Preah supports more than 50 CPAs in the PLEL. At the beginning of the fiscal year, USAID GPL developed an overview of CPA strengthening strategies documenting key elements of successful natural resource management to strategically inform CPA development support activities in the PLEL. This was followed later in the year by a CPA situational capacity assessment tool (CPA annual award criteria) to validate capacity and management of target CPAs in the PLEL. In addition, as discussed in the introductory text for section 2.0 Activity Overview, USAID GPL conducted several assessments that inform adaptive implementation of CPA support activities, including a Rapid Assessment on COVID-19 Impacts on Community Livelihoods and Natural Resources, a CPA Forest Cover Rapid Assessment, and a review of CPA performance.

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To encourage communities and local authorities to engage in the project, USAID GPL developed simple community participation guidelines, which are posted at commune halls, PDoE offices and outposts, and other key locations.

Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Community Natural Throughout the year, USAID GPL Resource Management conducted participatory assessment and consultation to raise awareness on Gender equality and social inclusion are important in every sector, including natural resource management, to ensure both sexes and all developing new CPAs and provided social groups enjoy the same opportunities, rights, and obligations in all capacity building on CPA establishment spheres of life. As key partners for USAID GPL, it is crucial for CPA steps, procedures, and requirements, as members to understand the value of participation of women, men, youth, well as on community organizing and indigenous peoples, and marginalized groups in conservation and forest facilitation skills, for community management. To build this understanding, USAID GPL conducted a training that addressed sex and gender, gender equality, and women’s representatives, as well as provincial empowerment, as well as mainstreaming these concepts into CPA work and local authorities. USAID GPL plans, for Koah Entchey, Kampong Damrey, Kampong Khbeoung, and provided technical support for Angkor Ent CPAs in Kratie province. At the end of the training, a gender communities to develop and submit focal point was selected for each CPA and training participants agreed that they will work to increase the number of women in CPA CPA establishment applications to MoE committees and leadership positions during the next committee election for CPA accreditation and develop in their CPA. CPA gender focal points will play an important role in CPA by-laws, facilitated CPA reminding their committees to encourage and promote the participation management committee member of women in decision-making and governance. USAID GPL will continue elections to establish CPA to implement its gender equality and social inclusion strategy in planning and implementing project interventions and will share key concepts from organizational structures, supported the strategy with all partners, including CPAs, CFs, and other national communities to ground check and and subnational authorities, to build participation of women, men, youth, demarcate their CPA boundaries, and indigenous peoples, and marginalized groups in natural resource supported CPA management plan management decision making. development. USAID GPL facilitated and provided technical support for 78 CPA monthly meetings, in which progress on CPA work plans were reviewed and new monthly work plans were developed, as well as 2 CPA network quarterly meetings. Annex VI includes a matrix (Table 8) of the status of the development process for CPAs supported by USAID GPL in the PLEL, a map (Figure 4) of these CPAs, and the type of support provided to CPAs during the quarter (Table 9). In March, USAID GPL, in cooperation with Community Empowerment and Development Team (CEDT), conducted a technical consultation meeting with stakeholders to mobilize input for co-management action plan development. In July, USAID GPL supported MoE to host the inaugural forum for regional community natural resource conservation network, with participants from MoE, PDoE, protected areas, monasteries, Preah Vihear Provincial Department of Health, and community natural resource conservation networks. The key message of the forum is the urgent need to protect the remaining forests for the next generation. Participants addressed a variety of issues, including community development and natural resource conservation, as well as shared experiences and challenges and opportunities. Key challenges identified included how to stop land encroachment, especially by powerful persons. In September, USAID GPL participated in the Prey Lang CPA development quarterly meeting with MoE, Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Stung Treng PDoE, and protected area directors to review CPA development progress and achievements, address challenges, and develop the next quarter’s work plan, including new CPA rapid assessment and criteria for CPA annual awards. 1.4 Strengthen existing water user groups and develop watershed management plans: USAID GPL continued ongoing support in FY20 to strengthen existing water user groups throughout the PLEL and support the development of watershed management plans in Stung Chinit and Stung Sen watersheds, which enable local stakeholders to safeguard watershed resources and related ecosystem

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services to sustain livelihoods and socio-economic development while conserving biodiversity and forest resources. This included support for CFs that fall within a buffer zone of protected areas in the PLEL to enable them to more effectively perform their mission to protect forests that are at the frontline against illegal activities, as well as farmer water user communities (FWUCs), to ensure coordinated water use and sustainability of irrigation canals that provide water year-round, which are vital for community livelihoods because they significantly increasing annual yields compared to seasonal rice farming. In December 2019, USAID GPL met with the Kampong Thom Forestry Administration (FA) cantonment, along with Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Action for Development (AFD), and RECOFTC, to develop a priority action plan and long-term strategic plan to support the Kampong Thom CF Provincial Network. In January 2020, USAID GPL worked with the Kampong Thom FA cantonment and Sustainable Water Partnership (SWP) to finalize a work plan for strengthening the Kampong Thom CF Provincial Network and supported meetings at the district level to develop a situational analysis and gather data to prepare a strategic plan in Sandan, Kampong Svay, Stoung, Prasat Balangk, and Prasath Sambo districts. During the third quarter, USAID GPL initiated support for seven CFs in the upstream portion of Stung Chinit watershed (see Table 10 in Annex VII for complete list of CFs). While these seven CFs are currently supported by the by Korean-Cambodia REDD+ Tum Ring project for law enforcement patrols, USAID GPL is providing support for reforestation, awareness raising, and capacity development. The first step for USAID GPL to support these CFs was to conduct a rapid assessment of management capacity and structures and compliance with by-laws and regulations, as well as assessment for potential for reforestation within CFs. Based on this assessment, USAID GPL developed an action plan for support for CF development. In June 2020, USAID GPL attended the Stung Chinit River Basin Management Secretariat meeting, organized by SWP, in which key achievements of SWP’s work in the watershed, a watershed assessment, and main problems and interventions were presented; a technical working group was established; and a five-year strategic plan for Stung Chinit River Basin management was developed. USAID GPL also met with the Stung Chinit Upstream Management Committee in June to discuss the findings of the CF rapid assessment and finalize an intervention work plan, including USAID GPL support. In September 2020, USAID GPL and SWP conducted a pilot project on tree reforestation at Prey Khum Sochet CF in Kampong Thom province. Local authorities, provincial FA cantonment officials, and CF members planted 2,500 seeding trees on three hectares of land selected for reforestation, following environmental screening in August. Prey Khum Sochet CF members will work together to take care of the new trees, ensuring that they grow successfully and contribute to the health of the Stung Chinit watershed. Trees provide numerous benefits to humans and wildlife, such as protecting against soil erosion, maintaining watersheds, storing carbon, providing non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for communities, and serving as habitat for wildlife. While protecting existing trees in the forest is critical for forest conservation, replanting trees in deforested areas is also an

Photo by USAID GPL important component of watershed management.

Community forest member plants trees in a In the fourth quarter, the RECOFTC grant project to improve reforestation pilot area in Kampong Thom livelihoods in CF communities through sustainable forest province. management was initiated. During this period, RECOFTC completed field training on CF management plan development in 2 CFs in Preah Vihear province, as well as training and CF management plan implementation in 3 CFs in Preah Vihear and 8 CFs in Kampong Thom province, which included tree planting, silviculture treatment, collecting NTFP, and for CFs with CF credits, regular patrolling. RECOFTC also supported the

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provincial CF network meeting in Preah Vihear in August 2020, which focused on preparing a report to FA and local authorities requesting intervention to prevent and crackdown on illegal activities. Following the CF network meeting, the Provincial CF Program Coordination Committee meeting was conducted in September, in which FA and local authorities agreed on actions to address the CF network’s request to address illegal activities. In addition, RECOFTC supported FA, local authorities, and CF management committees to elect the sub-committee of Recreational Forest Area in Phom Dek Chambokhoh in September. Annex VII includes a matrix (Table 10) of the status of the development process for the CFs supported by USAID GPL in the PLEL, as well as a map (Figure 5) of these CFs. USAID GPL currently supports 35 CFs in the PLEL. In October 2019, USAID GPL supported the development of annual work plans for Okranhak (Stung Sen watershed) and Tang Krasang (Stung Chinit watershed) FWUCs in Kampong Thom province, in cooperation with Kampong Thom Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology (PDoWRM). In May 2020, USAID GPL conducted a 10-day survey with Okranhak FWUC, which included GPS training, to register and map rice plots. In June 2020, USAID GPL organized a cross- provincial exposure trip for members of Okranhak and Tang Krasang farmer FWUCs, as well as PDoWRM and local authority representatives, to learn from the successful experiences of FWUCs in Siem Reap and Banteay Meanchey provinces. Exchange visits to “best-practice” FWUCs in provide first- hand experience and key learning for participants that they can apply in their own communities to improve the functioning of their FWUCs. Participants also learn the value of protecting the forest, which is the source of water for the irrigation canals. During the fourth quarter, USAID GPL conducted 21 meetings for Okranhak and Tang Krasang FWUCs to raise awareness on regulations, FWUC management, irrigation, rice crop planning, and causes and impacts of water pollution and canal damage. 1.5 Conduct biodiversity research and monitoring across the PLEL: USAID GPL continued ongoing biodiversity research and monitoring activities included globally threatened bird species census surveys, key bird species presence surveys, monthly vulture restaurants, which include quarterly and annual census data reported to the Cambodian Vulture Working Group, and collection of ad hoc field observation data (via SMART) on bird and other fauna species sightings by PDoE rangers and biodiversity field researchers, all of which provide an important Globally Threatened Bird Population Monitoring understanding of species presence and trends in the landscape and inform USAID GPL supports population monitoring of globally threatened bird species in Preah Vihear province. Biodiversity field researchers, adaptive conservation planning, as well community members from villages in the PLEL working as part of the as bird nest surveys for the bird nest USAID GPL biodiversity team, conduct a census survey of Sarus Cranes protection program (see Table 6 and (IUCN listed: vulnerable) at the end of each month in the dry season, Table 7 in Annex V for research which is from December to April. During the December 2019 survey in Kulen Promtep and Chhaeb wildlife sanctuaries, which include the results). In addition, USAID GPL majority of Sarus Crane nesting sites in Cambodia, the biodiversity team investigated the increasing number of counted 27 Sarus Cranes. This is the highest count for this species for a wildlife poisonings in Kulen Promtep single survey in the dry season in Preah Vihear. The data from these (see “1.6 Raise community awareness surveys are recorded every month to show the trend of this species’ about key thematic topics throughout population. Population monitoring can indicate whether biodiversity conservation efforts are effective. USAID GPL supports the monitoring the PLEL” for discussion of this serious of key bird species in the PLEL to track population trends and strengthen issue and what USAID GPL is doing to actions for protection. address it). USAID GPL conducted trainings on key wildlife species identification and the importance of conservation for selected CPA and CF communities, commune chiefs, and rangers in Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, Kratie, and Kampong Thom provinces in January 2020. The objectives of the trainings were to raise awareness of the importance of wildlife and biodiversity conservation and species recognition.

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USAID GPL recruited community researchers from the participants to join the biodiversity team to support research on the populations of key species across the PLEL and raise environmental awareness about the importance of wildlife and biodiversity protection. USAID GPL compiled results of key bird species surveys in Prey Lang between July 2019 and February 2020 to develop a report on the presence of key bird species and their nests to inform zoning of and law enforcement priorities within the protected area. Species lists for Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Phnom Thnout, and Preah Roka were also developed to support species presence monitoring over time in these protected areas and to contribute to the national check list. USAID GPL biodiversity surveys in FY20 have shown that most key bird species rebounded in 2019 and the first quarter 2020, except Red-headed Vulture, Sarus Crane, White-winged Duck and Masked Finfoot in Preah Vihear protected areas. The same trend is found in Prey Lang in later 2019 and early 2020. To address the decreased abundance of Sarus Crane, White-winged Duck, and Masked Finfoot, USAID GPL is implementing a habitat protection strategy. This requires an assessment of habitats and threats and the implementation of stronger law enforcement interventions either through existing mechanisms such as joint patrols, ranger patrols, and community patrols or planned mechanisms such a law enforcement mobile unit. The global population of vultures has declined dramatically in the last 30 years. In Cambodia, Chhaeb supports the remaining three species of vultures that occur in the country: White-rumped Vulture, Slender-billed Vulture, and Red-headed Vulture. The primary threats facing Cambodian vultures are incidental poisoning and scarcity of food. To address these threats, USAID GPL conducts “vulture restaurants”. Vulture restaurants, which consist of providing a cow carcass in a location where vultures have been habituated to feed, serve three purposes: (1) feeding the vultures to prevent starvation, (2) bringing them to feed in one place rather than on poisoned carcasses that may occur in the forest, and (3) counting their numbers to assess population trends. The vulture restaurant is Photo by USAID GPL conducted twice every month, with supplements provided by A group of critically endangered vultures feed on a the ecotourism community when there are additional visitors cow carcass in Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary. to see the vultures. During the COVID-19 pandemic, USAID GPL continues to conduct vulture restaurants. Vulture restaurants contribute to efforts to prevent Cambodia’s critically endangered vultures from going extinct. The vulture restaurants also anchor a world-renowned bird watching ecotourism locale that has generated tens of thousands of dollars for local communities in recent years. In July 2020, USAID GPL attended the annual Cambodian Vulture Working Group meeting to review 2020 conservation results, address diclofenac poisoning and effectiveness of the national ban, and discuss priority actions for the next year. Understanding the population density and distribution of key wildlife species is essential for effective protected area zoning and management. USAID GPL is conducting camera trap surveys with government and community members in five protected areas in the PLEL to understand the status of biodiversity. Teams are installing and collecting data from camera traps in biodiversity hotspots across these protected areas. Camera trapping information is used to inform protected area zoning decisions, which establish the long-term management priorities for Cambodia’s protected areas. Information on species distribution is also a key input for annual protected area adaptive management planning. Information on the density and distribution of species across protected areas is also critical in the establishment of longer-term species conservation plans. On a monthly basis, this information is used for establishing patrolling targets for rangers and community members joint patrols.

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USAID GPL initiated in FY20 a camera trap survey program for key wildlife species in Prey Lang and mammal species in Chhaeb, Preah Roka, Phnom Tbaeng, and Phnom Thnout, procuring camera traps for the Preah Vihear and Kampong Thom biodiversity teams and developing the camera trap survey design for key wildlife surveys and monitoring in Prey Lang in the first quarter, mapping the locations for installing camera traps in Prey Lang in the second quarter, and conducting field training, placing initial camera traps, and beginning to collect data on key wildlife species in Prey Lang

Photo by USAID GPL (Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Stung Treng provinces) in the third quarter. In the fourth quarter, USAID GPL continued the USAID GPL staff, government rangers and local camera trap program in Prey Lang (Kratie, Preah Vihear, and community members install a camera trap in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. Stung Treng provinces), checking and downloading data, and developed the first monthly report for Prey Lang key mammal species camera trap surveys in September 2020. USAID GPL also initiated systematic mammal species camera trap surveys in Preah Vihear during the fourth quarter, completing the survey design for Chhaeb, Preah Roka, Phnom Tbaeng, and Phnom Thnout, and conducting USAID GPL staff training. USAID GPL completed analysis and development of a technical report on pileated gibbon surveys conducted between 2016 and 2019 to estimate populations in Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Preah Roka, and Phnom Tbaeng. The analysis shows that the landscape holds an important complex of protected areas that support a significant, though fragmented, population of endangered pileated gibbons. USAID GPL also developed a preliminary map of key wildlife species in Chhaeb to support protected area zoning. In June 2020, Our Future Organization (OFO) initiated grant activities in Phnom Thnout. Biodiversity monitoring activities under this grant included establishing a camera trap survey with 30 camera traps in areas where wildlife was expected to range such as fruit trees and water holes. Images of endangered and threatened animals such as banteng, silvered langur, and sambar were collected. In the fourth quarter, elephant research activities under the USAID GPL grant to Fauna and Flora International (FFI) began, with FFI refining the survey methodology, which was reflected in a project inception report; organizing logistics for upcoming field trips, including liaison with relevant MoE departments; and compiling available elephant occurrence data.

1.6 Raise community awareness about key thematic topics throughout the PLEL: USAID GPL supports community awareness raising about key thematic topics throughout the PLEL, such as biodiversity threats and conservation, land use management, illegal logging and land encroachment, and climate change. Throughout FY20, USAID GPL developed education and awareness raising materials and conducted outreach and training. This included training materials on key wildlife species identification and conservation for use in trainings across the PLEL to raise awareness about the importance of wildlife and biodiversity conservation, as discussed above in “1.5 Conduct biodiversity research and monitoring across the PLEL,” as well as communications materials, including leaflets, stickers, banners, and signboards, to address the serious issue of wildlife poisoning in the PLEL.

Wildlife poisoning cases in protected areas in Preah Vihear province have increased significantly in recent months. These incidents are happening in the dry season amid the COVID-19 pandemic, as communities have lost other sources of income and are turning to exploitation of natural resources to support themselves. Protected wildlife species found dead of poisoning have included, among others, endangered dhole, endangered White-Winged Duck, and the critically endangered Giant Ibis. In one

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instance of poisoning, three Giant Ibis died, which is equivalent to 1-2% of the global population (which is less than 300). USAID GPL is supporting relevant authorities to stop this poisoning. Actions taken to raise awareness include meetings in the areas where poisonings have occurred to educate local communities of the impacts of poisoning on people, livestock, and wildlife; providing inputs for a WCS global press release on the poisoning of the Giant Ibis; compiling a case report that was provided to the Preah Vihear Provincial Governor for his intervention; and meeting with provincial and district administrations to address the issue. In addition, USAID GPL worked with relevant authorities on a public announcement of an existing poisoning ban in Preah Vihear province. Giant Ibis, vultures, and other protected wildlife species are the source of income for local communities through ecotourism and programs such as the USAID GPL bird nest protection program and wildlife-friendly IBIS Rice. Because of this, wildlife poisoning not only impacts biodiversity, it also affects local communities dependent on these nature-based livelihoods, which account for Graphic by USAID GPL tens of thousands of dollars of additional annual income for local Awareness raising poster on the impacts of communities. wildlife poisoning. In December 2019, USAID GPL produced and disseminated a poster to raise awareness of the new proclamation issued by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF) banning the use in livestock of the veterinary medicine Diclofenac. Diclofenac is used to treat some of the symptoms associated with disease and wounds but is fatal for endangered vultures when they eat dead cattle that have been treated with the drug. To support the effective implementation of the Diclofenac ban to protect endangered vultures in Cambodia, USAID GPL, conducted an awareness raising workshop in collaboration with the Provincial Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (PDAFF) and PDoE for provincial authorities, veterinarians, and key community leaders in Preah Vihear province.

To increase understanding of globally threatened bird species conservation in North Tonle Sap and engage communities in conservation efforts for Bengal Florican and other important species, USAID GPL hosted an event for secondary students in Khsach L'et village in February 2020, meetings with communities in Trea Samaki and Baray BFCAs in May, and a meeting with Ou Damdaek and Pich Tachea CFs and Tuol Kreul Commune Council in June.

To raise awareness of the bird nest protection program among communities across the PLEL, USAID GPL held 4 meetings with ecotourism communities in Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces in May 2020, 3 meetings with CPA communities in Prey Lang in Preah Vihear province in June, and 3 meetings for villages in North Tonle Sap in July. In addition, in July, August, and September 2020, USAID GPL conducted outreach to 15 CPAs, 1 CF, and 2 ecotourism communities in Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces.

USAID GPL also worked to raise awareness among communities in the PLEL of the benefits of ecotourism and the importance of forest and wildlife conservation for livelihoods, meeting in February 2020 with Prey Phdao CPA in Kulen Promtep and Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak ecotourism community in Kampong Thom province.

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OBJECTIVE 1 CHALLENGES The principal challenge in implementation of activities under Objective 1 continues to be related to protected area zoning. While MoE has issued decisions to establish four national level zoning working groups for the PLEL provinces and has included land registration in the mandate along with zoning and demarcation, the overall process continues to experience delays. To move the process forward, USAID GPL wrote numerous letters to relevant authorities on this topic formally requesting government support (Table 3, Annex III) and facilitated numerous meetings on this matter across all four provinces and at the national level. The critical nature of this process is brought up continuously with all levels of MoE leadership at the provincial and national level. In addition, USAID GPL is also working closely with provincial governors’ offices in all four provinces to broaden stakeholder engagement and ownership. Further complicating matters related to zonation is the directive provided by the Prime Minister on July 3, 2020, to grant land titles to individuals who have been living in protected areas for long periods of time. The directive also requires the MoE to allocate 10% of protected area land for community use. In principle this direction should provide a clear framework for zonation and land registration, but the lack of clear guidance regarding how long individuals are required to have established residency in protected areas so that they can be granted title has created significant challenges. Numerous government authorities have stated categorically that potential conservation and core zones within protected areas will be excluded from these claims, but at the commune and district levels there has been conflicting guidance provided to communities. This has created a sense of expectation at multiple levels that wide swaths of the protected area network will be handed over regardless of the legitimacy of land use claims. USAID GPL has taken numerous steps to address this fundamental issue with an emphasis on providing the MoE and PDoE with a combination of detailed analysis and capacity building on how to effectively address land claims so that those that are legitimate are processed. Steps taken include a detailed analysis and recommendation based upon Global Forest Change (GFC) v1.7 data; development of a grid reference to verify land claims throughout country; explanation of use of remote sensing to verify land claims; training on use of free remote sensing tools and how the PAMP can be utilized for verification of land use claims; and the ongoing development of protected area zonation maps that clarify the likely areas of conservation and core zones. 2.2 OBJECTIVE 2: INCREASED SUSTAINABLE AND EQUITABLE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, COMMUNITY LIVELIHOODS, AND NATURAL CAPITAL REINVESTMENT USAID GPL is increasing sustainable and equitable economic opportunities, community livelihoods, and natural capital reinvestment by establishing methods for stimulating the expansion of inclusive, conservation-friendly, climate-resilient, and low emission economic opportunities that result in reinvestment in the natural capital of the PLEL and broadening opportunities for increased sustainable economic models in natural resource management, including PES schemes. 2.1 Support the development of business plans within an Integrated Green Enterprise framework: In FY20, USAID GPL initiated a process to develop business plans within an Integrated Green Enterprise framework in the PLEL. Integrated Green Enterprise, which is a guiding design principle for the PLEL Sustainable Finance Plan, combines concepts of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs), conservation enterprise, Integrated Conservation and Development Projects, and Integrated Natural Resource Management in order to sustainably maximize conservation, social, development, and commercial benefits. During development of this concept, a strategy emerged in which conservation agriculture small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can link directly to a REDD+ nested model in which REDD+ activities focus within highly threatened areas in proximity of villages in or near protected areas. Reduced deforestation due to conservation incentive agricultural programs such as IBIS Rice provide

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clear performance-based rationale for REDD+ benefit sharing models such that carbon finance further reinforces community adherence to conservation agreements (which are simply agreements to follow Cambodia’s protected area law). The avoided emissions quantified under a nested REDD+ program add further value to commodities produced by these conservation agriculture SMEs, allowing for climate friendly branding and supply chain offsets. Combined with other certifications such as organic and wildlife friendly in the case of IBIS Rice, the climate friendly and emission offsetting would add to premiums that further reinforce community conservation incentives. Business opportunities arising from this would be a priority focal area for business plan development. Ongoing coordination with USAID Green Invest Asia introduced USAID GPL to two companies, Smart- Agro and United Green. Smart-Agro is seeking opportunities to conduct restorative agricultural practices within degraded economic land concessions using landscape restoration principals, while United Green is interested in sustainable agricultural sites within the PLEL for a 10,000-head dairy cow and feed lots. USAID GPL also met with USAID Green Invest Asia to discuss IBIS Rice investment support and worked with WCS to establish a method of identifying emission reduction achievements from IBIS Rice that could be used to meet USAID Green Invest Asia targets. USAID Green Invest Asia has indicated it will move forward with support to help IBIS Rice find new investment and the two parties have signed a memorandum of understanding and proceeded to share the opportunity with banks, which have expressed interest. USAID GPL has developed a learning event concept note and agenda, shared with MoE, for Sustainable Finance Planning for Conservation and Natural Resources Management, which is designed to facilitate collaboration across sectors. The learning event will proceed in FY21 once COVID-19 restrictions are relaxed. 2.2 Implement commodity-specific Livelihood Action Plan for PLEL communities and grant facility for livelihoods development: When the livelihoods of the people living in and around protected areas in the PLEL are improved, communities are less dependent on natural resources extraction for their income. When improved livelihoods benefits are realized and there is greater awareness of the relationship between protected natural areas and ecotourism income, communities are less likely to engage in illegal logging or illegal hunting or fishing activities. USAID GPL supports livelihoods development in the PLEL to benefit both communities and protected areas. In FY20, USAID GPL livelihoods development activities focused on ecotourism, conservation-friendly agriculture such as IBIS Rice, and sustainable NTFPs such as resin. Ecotourism is crucial to improving the Innovation for Ecotourism Marketing livelihoods of local communities. Communities There are many local and international tourists visiting Angkor living in the PLEL have access to many beautiful Wat temples and the surrounding tourist sites, but there is no natural places that have great potential for platform providing meaningful information for better tourism ecotourism. Expanding community-based experiences or using modern technology such as augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) tools. Cellcard, with ecotourism in the PLEL and improving capacity collaboration from UNESCO, Hiverlab, and USAID GPL, is to better serve and attract more tourists to developing a mobile software application using such tools to visit their areas leads to greater income for promote tourism and conservation in Cambodia for both local communities from increased ecotourism. and international tourists to access tourism information for Angkor Wat and surrounding tourist sites. Based on inputs PLEL-wide ecotourism development support in from USAID GPL, the application will include a feature that allows tourists to purchase carbon credits, support tree FY20 included funding representatives from plantation activities, and aid local communities. The application ecotourism communities in the PLEL to attend will be launched through a series of phases. The first phase will Ministry of Tourism’s (MoT) first forum on focus on the Angkor Wat complex, with expansion in the national ecotourism policy in November 2019, following phases to surrounding sites in the Prey Lang Extended which provided guidance on improving Landscape such as Sambour Prey Kok Protected Landscape temples and the . ecotourism sites, linked communities with tour

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operators, and increased communities’ understanding of market demand from local and international tourists. In addition, USAID GPL organized a tourism itinerary building workshop in December 2019 in partnership with Stung Treng Provincial Department of Tourism (PDoT), with participants from MoT, MoE, PDoTs, and PDoEs from across the PLEL. The workshop aimed to help fill the current information gap related to tourism experiences on offer in the PLEL and increase the capacity of government to design day trips and multi-day itineraries that meet the demands of key target markets. To learn from other successful ecotourism enterprises, USAID GPL supported exposure visits for ecotourism communities and tourism authorities, including an international study tour in December 2019 for Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng PDoE and PDoT officials and community leaders from Siem Reap, Oddar Meanchey, and Preah Vihear provinces to visit ecotourism sites in northern Thailand and an inter-provincial exchange in November 2019 between CPAs in Preah Vihear and Koh Kong provinces In January 2020, USAID GPL supported a workshop to produce an annual work plan agreement between USAID GPL and PDoT in Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Stung Treng provinces to streamline and coordinate efforts to support ecotourism communities in the PLEL, and in February, USAID GPL supported joint discussion workshops in Phnom Penh and to introduce new tourism itineraries to the private sector and create market linkages between the private sector and ecotourism communities and the PDoT in Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Stung Treng provinces. USAID GPL participated in the 6th River Festival in Battambang in March 2020 to promote ecotourism in Stung Treng province, met with Double L Travel & Tours in September to promote community-based ecotourism sites in the PLEL, and organized the Explore Wild Cambodia ecotourism fair for wildlife in September to raise awareness among the expat community of ecotourism experiences, which resulted in sold out urban birding tours, over 50 bookings made at locations across Cambodia, and over $1000 raised for conservation organizations. In September 2020, USAID GPL partnered with BeTreed Adventures and OFO to help launch Cambodia’s first online ecotourism experience. Located in Phnom Thnout, BeTreed was selected as the first ecotourism site in the country to provide an online experience to promote Cambodian ecotourism to the world. The BeTreed Adventures experience was launched over Facebook Live and will be available online through Airbnb.com. Creation of the online experience has raised international awareness of BeTreed and ecotourism in Cambodia and Screen shot by USAID GPL provides a monthly revenue stream that helps the The launch of BeTreed Adventures’ online tourism ecotourism project support local livelihoods and protect experience through Zoom live on the USAID the forests of Phnom Thnout and its unique and Greening Prey Lang Facebook page. endangered biodiversity. COVID-19 has brought international tourism in Cambodia to a standstill. The international tourism market is extremely important for Cambodia and trends are pointing towards an increased interest in ecotourism in a post-COVID-19 world. Now is the time to market Cambodia to international tourists planning their future travel. As one of the biggest accommodation and experience booking platforms in the world, Airbnb is a powerful partner for promoting ecotourism in Cambodia to international travelers. In Preah Vihear province, USAID GPL support for ecotourism development included (1) evaluating potential sites for expansion of ecotourism activities in cooperation with Sam Veasna Center and

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development of new ecotourism opportunities in Kulen Promtep and Phnom Tbaeng; (2) facilitating 3 meetings with ecotourism communities in October 2019 and 3 meetings March 2020 to review booking guidelines, 3 meetings in February 2020 to review roles and responsibilities of committee members, and 2 meetings to update internal ecotourism community rules and responsibilities to provide better service; (3) conducting an agricultural assessment with the ecotourism communities March and June 2020 to expand income opportunities; (4) providing materials (shirts, receipt books) to ecotourism communities in Chhaeb and Kulen Promtep in July; (5) supporting Tmat Paeuy Photo by USAID GPL Thoeurnkrasang CPA ecotourism community to improve facilities in July, including maintenance and cleaning; (6) providing capacity A newly elected female ecotourism committee member shares her commitment building in July for financial management; (7) installing ecotourism to improving ecotourism in Borey Ou Svay. site signboards in August for ecotourism communities in Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, and Phnom Tbaeng; (8) developing ecotourism guidelines in August to improve ecotourism management; and (9) as part of the new agriculture scheme to provide additional income for ecotourism communities, assessing and selecting families in ecotourism communities in September to pilot raising of livestock. In Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces, USAID GPL support for ecotourism development included (1) facilitation of ecotourism community committee elections in October 2019 for Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak, in June 2020 for Borey Ou Svay, and in September 2020 for Sambour Prey Kok Protected Landscape (Sambour Prey Kok); (2) technical support for Koh Samseb, Sambour Prey Kok, Borey O Svay, and Phnom Chum Rok Sat to develop annual work plans in November 2019, and annual work plan coaching for Koh Samseb and Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak in September 2020; (3) training in December 2019 for Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak on hospitality, homestay guidelines, women’s empowerment, and food safety; (4) meetings in January 2020 to identify areas for mapping and a ground check of the resulting 25 key areas across seven villages for an online tourism map of Sambour Prey Kok; (5) a drone flight in March 2020 to capture scenic imagery of ecotourism sites in Sambour Prey Kok for use in promotional materials; (6) organization of a cross province exposure trip in July 2020 for Sambour Prey Kok; (7) installation in July of two waste incinerators and organization of trash collection with residents for Koh Samseb; (8) dissemination of information on COVID-19 precautions and discussion of solutions for continuing ecotourism development during the pandemic in August for Koh Samseb; (9) assessment of needs and challenges in September for Koh Samseb and Borey Ou Svay; and (10) Photo by USAID GPL awareness raising in August for community members on Ecotourism community members learn about proper biodiversity conservation and the importance of proper solid waste management practices to reduce impacts waste disposal at Borey Ou Svay and Phnom Chum Rok on the environment, community health, and tourism. Sak. Local communities play a crucial role in protecting endangered wildlife and their habitat. WCS established wildlife-friendly IBIS Rice in 2008 to engage local farmers near protected areas in northern Cambodia in conservation. A zero poaching, pesticide, chemical fertilizer, and deforestation agreement between farmers and IBIS Rice guarantees farmers a 30% to 40% higher purchase price for their organic rice product. Monitoring the compliance of farmers is a continual process that requires involvement

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from many stakeholders, including NGOs, private companies, PDoEs, local communities, and local authorities. USAID GPL is supporting WCS and Sansum Mlup Prey (SMP), created in 2009 to promote and market wildlife-friendly products including IBIS Rice, to scale up IBIS Rice activities in the PLEL. As more community members become wildlife-friendly IBIS Rice farmers it has been documented that endangered wildlife and their habitats are protected and community livelihoods are improved. During the year, SMP provided 60 trainings to farmer members on various topic such as IBIS Rice program rules, pest management, farm dairy, and nutrient management. The internal control system, which is an important step within the IBIS Rice scheme, was conducted in all targeted villages with assistance from WCS in Preah Vihear province and CI in Stung Treng province. New interventions on demonstration sites on fields made available to IBIS farmers, totaling 8,70 hectares, were implemented as part of the cost-extension agreement. In addition, during this reporting year, new farmers registered to be IBIS members and SMP Photo by USAID GPL was able to have new sales agreement with them (82 in Wildlife friendly IBIS Rice field in Dang Phlet village, Preah Vihear province and 32 in Stung Treng province). Preah Vihear province. Due to COVID-19 restrictions and farmers not being able to sell rice as much as planned, dividend sharing between farmers in Stung Treng province was delayed until 2021. Dividend sharing in Preah Vihear province was possible because SMP has had a presence there much longer. A total of 344 families participated in dividend sharing and received a total of 39,992,300 Riels. In April 2020, during the COVID-19 crisis, USAID GPL facilitated a training on the IBIS Rice compliance data collection process and responsibilities to relevant internal and external stakeholders from USAID GPL, WCS, SMP, and CI. This training allows for USAID GPL support to WCS and SMP to mobilize investment to expand the IBIS Rice program and increase production capacity in Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provinces. Many households in Cambodia living close to and within a healthy, natural evergreen or semi-evergreen forest rely on resin production from Dipterocarpus alatus and several other species to support their livelihoods. Resin is sold in three different raw forms from simple processing techniques: solid resin, kerosene, and resin torch, primarily to Vietnam and Thailand to make boat caulking, paints, vanish, fragrances, sealant materials, and torches. According to custom, the first person to find and mark a resin tree is considered the owner. Village members and neighboring villages recognize ownership of resin trees as private property, which makes it possible to transfer ownership of trees through sale, inheritance, or donation. It is also possible to sell the rights to tap trees for a specified period. This tenure system appears unique for resin trees. Other trees that provide NTFPs are not owned and access to the NTFP resources is open to all. Because resin trees are treated as private assets, tappers have a strong incentive to protect their trees from logging. In FY20, USAID GPL provided support to resin tappers in Stung Treng province to form resin groups and conduct resin tree inventories (mapping) to help establish customary tenure and ensure resin tree protection and continued benefit to communities. Support included facilitating the establishment of 18 resin tapping groups in 3 villages, development of 3 draft by-laws, and training to resin group members on the use of Blackview rugged smartphones with the Open Data Kit (ODK) application for data collection to initiate inventories. In addition, USAID GPL facilitated a visit by Kambio Nature to the resin group at Doung village in Stung Treng province to purchase resin to assess quality. If quality meets the company’s requirements, they will establish a purchase arrangement with the community.

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The CPAs that are supported by USAID GPL along the Mekong river in Stung Treng and Kratie provinces have numerous bamboo groves. To support the sustainable harvesting of this resource by CPAs, USAID GPL is working with a BamCore, an American bamboo building materials and construction company, to determine if Cambodian bamboo meets their minimum quality standards for bamboo paneling and other commercial and residential construction applications. CPA members have been working with USAID GPL and the local BamCore sourcing agent to support communities on proper bamboo pole sampling Photo by USAID GPL techniques and preparation for export. BamCore decided to A villager prepares bamboo samples to be sent move ahead with requesting sampling following a successful site to BamCore, an American bamboo building and materials construction company interested visit to CPAs in Kratie in February 2020 facilitated by USAID in sourcing Cambodian bamboo. GPL. The samples are being provided to BamCore so that they can undergo laboratory testing in the United States. If the test results are positive, USAID GPL will work with BamCore and their local agent to structure a sustainable harvesting regime and commercial agreement with local CPAs that will meet the quantity requirements while also ensuring that bamboo groves are not overexploited and revenues are distributed within CPAs accordingly. In June 2020, OFO initiated grant activities in Phnom Thnout for agriculture support activities, which are the primary focus of the initial implementation for livelihoods improvement, providing 8 trainings to farmers on the program, receiving applications from farmers to participate in the program, surveying the households and farms, and sourcing agricultural inputs and distributing these to farmers. 127 households signed contracts that they would abide by the conservation rules and regulations and received inputs from the project during July and August. A total of 34,671 cashew trees were distributed to these families. In addition, 450 mangoes were distributed on a sampling basis. The OFO project team then visited the fields and completed a monitoring checklist to identify any issues that the farmers were facing. The community-based ecotourism component has been delayed. Only one community meeting was held in Tabos village to introduce the concept and to gauge interest. In the fourth quarter, the Cambodian Rural Development Team (CRDT) grant project to improve sustainable livelihoods and reduce human pressures on forests and ecosystems through increased food production and income diversification within local communities was initiated. Activities conducted by CRDT included developing a guideline and training manual on the cyclical farming model, identifying a demonstration farm site; conducting 11 meetings to introduce the cyclical farming model to community members in 11 villages; selecting lead farmers and potential members; creating 3 Facebook pages for community-based ecotourism communities; and conducing 6 orientation meetings on the project with ecotourism communities, local authorities, and provincial government in Kratie and Stung Treng provinces. The Non-Timber Forest Products-Exchange Programme (NTFP-EP) grant project to improve livelihoods through sustainable community-based enterprise development conducted initial project activities beginning in the fourth quarter, which included a training on policy advocacy and lobbying on NFTPs to Cambodia NTFP Working Group members, community-based enterprise committees, and government department officials. In addition, 3 tourist businesses in the town center of Preah Vihear province were identified as potential markets for selling talipot palm (traing); 1 talipot palm community-based enterprise was selected as demonstration in , Preah Vihear province; and coaching on financial records was conducted for honey and traing community-based enterprise groups. In September 2020, USAID GPL completed development of a Livelihood Action Plan to guide USAID GPL focus to improve income generation for improved livelihoods for communities in the PLEL through

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sustainable use of NFTPs and natural resources. The USAID GPL Livelihood Action Plan, which was developed as a part of the response to impacts on community livelihoods and natural resources from the COVID-19 pandemic, identifies opportunities to fill gaps and expand livelihoods interventions through grants to provide additional livelihood benefits to local communities. 2.3 REDD+ project development: In FY20, USAID GPL conducted a feasibility study in the PLEL for a nested REDD+ project. A REDD+ feasibility study is the first step in the carbon development project cycle and established the project location, baseline scenarios, project design, and ex-ante emission reduction calculations to demonstrate financial viability. With the completed feasibility study, the project can seek investors for project development finance. Establishing a nested REDD+ project has been identified as a priority action by the PLEL Sustainable Finance Plan as it would provide opportunities for receiving private sector finance for carbon emission offsets that can be directly applied to the protected area management activities necessary to reduce deforestation. REDD+ consultant Dr. Kyle Holland conducted a field visit with USAID GPL in January 2020 to (1) meet with REDD+ Taskforce representatives from MoE and FA in Phnom Penh to learn about the status of REDD+ projects in Cambodia; (2) meet with protected area managers and advisors to learn about conservation activities resulting in avoided deforestation; (3) visit forest areas to directly observe drivers of deforestation, drivers and types of forest degradation, and forest ecology; (4) meet with communities to support safeguard development and benefit distribution recommendations; (5) identify potential priority targets for REDD+ project development; and (6) observe conservation activities firsthand. In addition, USAID GPL developed a draft risk map for forest reference level (FRL) allocation analysis to support feasibility emission reduction estimations, which is necessary for the feasibility study calculation of potential project performance within a national nested system. Key outcomes and initial consultant recommendations included (1) Northern Plains REDD+ is feasible where WCS can support the transactional requirements, as with Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary REDD+ Project. Phnom Thnout is also likely feasible as a REDD+ project; however, without transactional support as with Seima Carbon Company for the Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary REDD+ Project or the Cardamoms Carbon Company, managed by Wildlife Alliance (WA), for the Southern Cardamoms REDD+ Project, it is unlikely to be further developed; (2) existing activities in WCS-supported landscapes are creditable, meaning that a REDD+ project can be structured around and strengthening the current program with minimal adjustments; (3) the consultant recommends a Verra grouped project, which means that small discreet project areas are developed iteratively such that the project starts small with new areas being added over time. This design maximizes scalability and minimizes cost and risk. The key enabling condition for this design is a national nested REDD+ program that allocates the FRL based on risk so that areas of higher deforestation risk can achieve higher volumes of emission reductions as compared to areas of low risk. This allows targeting of smaller, higher risk areas to achieve the same crediting as much larger lower risk areas; (4) historical crediting is possible, particularly from the onset of USAID GPL activities; (5) there is high implementation capacity in WCS; and (6) key challenges are the uncertainty in the national REDD+ system, fiduciary oversight, and inconsistent national prioritization forest resource management. In July 2020, USAID GPL finalized and distributed the Northern Plains Landscape REDD+ Feasibility Assessment to key stakeholders and received official government authorization from MoE to develop and implement the REDD+ project in Cambodia’s Northern Plains Landscape’s protected areas in Preah Vihear province. The feasibility resulted in a positive financial model under the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) for both historic crediting and ongoing operation under Cambodia’s nested REDD+ program. Based on these results, USAID GPL will support the next stage of project development by aligning FY21 activities with REDD+ project requirements. WCS hired a consultant to produce the Project Document, which is required to validate the project under VCS, and USAID GPL and WCS developed the work plan for project development.

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In August 2020, USAID GPL conducted an exposure visit to the Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary REDD+ Project in for USAID GPL staff and partners to gain greater understanding of REDD+ and climate change adaptation concepts, learn about the REDD+ participatory approach with villagers and community members, and understand how REDD+ can be integrated into the current structure of CPAs and other community meetings. In support of the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) REDD+ project Phase I, USAID GPL attended quarterly meetings with government and partner stakeholders to review project progress, address challenges, and determine next steps, in addition to sharing updates on implementation of USAID GPL conservation technology tools for law enforcement and promoting establishment of joint patrols. Following discussions and preliminary emission reduction calculations, Mitsui & CO., Ltd. (Mitsui) has agreed to formally explore initiating Phase 2 of the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary JCM REDD+ project in partnership with CI and USAID GPL. Phase 2 is the expansion of the REDD+ project to include the entire wildlife sanctuary. Mitsui will expand their investment to support activities across all four provinces of Prey Lang, including Stung Treng, Preah Vihear, Kampong Thom, and Kratie. If Mitsui and all relevant parties agree to Phase 2, it will start in early calendar year 2021. USAID GPL also contributed this year to the publication of the article “Shades of REDD+, Cambodia: Building a Nested System to Protect Remaining Forests” in Ecosystem Marketplace2, to promote understanding and raise awareness of Cambodia’s REDD+ efforts to fund protected area management and reduce deforestation. 2.4 Develop PES Assessment for the PLEL: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and World Bank are supporting MoE in establishing national PES policy and implementing two PES pilot projects. Following discussions with UNDP, as this effort is still at an early stage, USAID GPL has decided to monitor developments from their initiative before engaging in parallel PES piloting. Instead, USAID GPL PES focus will be on forest carbon sequestration through the development of nested REDD+ projects, which have a strong precedent through established REDD+ projects such as Keo Seima REDD+ and Southern Cardamoms REDD+. Therefore, the development of a PES Assessment has been put on hold until a clear opportunity for additional PES development emerges from the various USAID GPL natural resource management engagements. 2.5 Develop conservation enterprise monitoring system and develop and implement compliance database throughout PLEL: Throughout FY20, USAID GPL supported implementation of a conservation enterprise compliance monitoring system to track Preah Vihear province PES program member compliance with signed conservation agreements, a requirement for participation in the IBIS Rice incentive-based product scheme. This included USAID GPL staff maintaining the compliance database, inputting updated data on farmers signed up for the IBIS Rice program and households in each village, and producing monthly and annual compliance reports. In addition, USAID GPL migrated the compliance database from Microsoft Excel to Microsoft Access to improve data management, assessment, and reporting capacity. During the year, USAID GPL grantee SMP conducted 23 land verification site visits for 11 villages in Preah Vihear province with local authorities, protected area officers, and community members to determine eligibility for new farmers to participate in the IBIS Rice program and previously non- compliant farmers to rejoin the program. In addition, USAID GPL and SMP conducted 8 village marketing network (VMN) coaching meetings for farmers wishing to rejoin the program, 11 land

2 https://www.ecosystemmarketplace.com/articles/cambodia-embarks-on-building-a-nested-system-to-protect- remaining-forests/

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clearance meetings to present maps to stakeholders, 14 compliance meetings, 11 meetings with key persons to identify land clearance, and 9 meetings with non-compliant VMN farmers to provide the opportunity to rejoin the program. In Stung Treng province, SMP conducted 3 key person VMN meetings on non-compliance. 2.6 Support and expand existing conservation incentive payments programs: Key bird species in the PLEL are threatened by poaching, habitat destruction, and land encroachment. Birds that lay their eggs on the ground are vulnerable to predators such as dogs, humans, and other wildlife, while those that build their nests in trees are vulnerable to logging, poaching, and land clearance for agriculture or settlement. To address these threats, USAID GPL supports a bird nest protection program that pays local communities to safeguard bird nests until the chicks have successfully fledged. The monitoring period takes up to three months depending on the bird species, and community members get paid a daily rate for the total number of days they monitor each nest. Globally threatened birds protected under the program include Giant Ibis, White-shouldered Ibis, Sarus Crane, Masked Finfoot, White-winged Duck, Green Peafowl, Great Hornbill, and three species of vultures. Numerous studies have shown the bird nest program to be very effective. By engaging local communities in conservation work, the program not only Photo by USAID GPL improves biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health, it A Giant Ibis nest being guarded by community also improves community livelihoods and strengthens members in Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary. inclusive and effective landscape governance. In early FY20, USAID GPL developed and implemented new bird nest protection guidelines to support improving and expanding the bird nest protection program. Throughout the year, USAID GPL engaged 82/5F villagers in bird nest protection and monitoring in Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, and Preah Roka wildlife sanctuaries in Preah Vihear province. To address the increasing threat of wildlife poisoning during the COVID-19 pandemic due to lost livelihoods, USAID GPL initiated a program in the third quarter for protection of Photo by USAID GPL trapeangs (ponds used by wildlife), engaging 2/0F villagers in Chhaeb. Sarus crane nest with eggs. These globally threatened bird species’ nests are monitored and protected by local community members as 2.7 Promote expansion of SRP: During the third quarter, part of the bird nest protection program, USAID GPL recruited and on-boarded staff in the Kampong which provides income to communities, Thom landscape office in preparation for the Sustainable Rice protects threatened species, and increases Platform (SRP) expansion in North Tonle Sap. In the fourth wildlife for ecotourism. quarter, USAID GPL conducted capacity building on SRP standards and performance indicators for the SRP Team staff to launch implementation of the SRP expansion intervention. USAID GPL met with Kampong Thom PDAFF to provide information on the SRP program and establish cooperation to implement SRP in Baray commune in North Tonle Sap and met with the Baray Commune Council to introduce local authorities to the SRP program and establish cooperation for implementation. 2.8 Improve existing ecotourism facilities: During the fiscal year, USAID GPL provided facility maintenance for the guesthouse at Tmat Paeuy Thoeurnkrasang CPA in Preah Vihear province and assessed improvements needed for access to bird watching sites. In addition, USAID GPL developed

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informative signboards and banners on local ecotourism sites and services, as well as bird species and where they occur for visitors to Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, and Phnom Tbaeng. Following environmental screening for facilities improvement, USAID GPL supported the building of stairs, installation of rubbish bins, and creation of rest spots for visitors hiking to Tangyou CPA in Phnom Tbaeng and produced signboards for ecotourism and safety information. 2.9 Strengthen existing agriculture cooperatives and provincial platform: USAID GPL began support for agriculture cooperatives (ACs) in Kampong Thom province in the second quarter of FY20. USAID GPL conducted outreach to 11 ACs in Sandan and Prasat Sambour districts to engage them with USAID GPL and provide information on local market demand for their products. USAID GPL selected four ACs to work with, including Samaki Mean Rith, Khum Tum Ring, Kbal Khla Chhean Muk, and Danget Chouk Chey, in Sandan district. Support during the year included capacity building to improve producer group/farmer producer management practices, organize producer groups, increase understanding of markets, and improve capacity to identify suppliers, in addition to training on business development, the importance and methods of savings for rural farmers, financial literacy and good financial practices, identifying markets and suppliers for products, improving market linkages, using fertilizers, and climate-smart agricultural practices. In addition, USAID GPL facilitated an exposure visit for AC leaders to study integrated crop farming (agroecology) and learn more about market requirements for commodity agriculture products. USAID GPL also worked with the ACs to build cashew market linkages and engaged agriculture processing company Kambio Nature with Khum Tum Ring and Samaki Mean Rith ACs for market linkage for crops such as ginger, lemon grass, and kaffir lime. In the fourth quarter, USAID GPL supported the installation of drip irrigation systems on the farms of four Khum Tum Ring AC members in Sandan district, Kampong Thom province. These farms will become demonstration farms for all members of the AC, so members can learn drip irrigation methods, develop good agricultural practices, and link their products to local markets. Village farmers regularly face water shortages during the dry season. This has been identified by local communities as the principal constraint on improving agricultural productivity. Drip irrigation allows farmers to grow crops the entire year, even when water is scarce. When farming is productive throughout the year, farmer income increases, reducing the need to exploit natural resources for Photo by USAID GPL their livelihood. A 3,000-liter water storage tank installed for drip irrigation on a demonstration farm in Key outcomes resulting from USAID support to strengthen Kampong Thom province. ACs during FY20 include 2 ACs applying the savings model; 2 ACs preparing to apply the savings model; 3 ACs increasing the number of businesses they manage; 2 ACs forming producer groups for cashews, vegetables, and fruit; 2 ACs planning to enter contracts with a buyer; and product markets being identified for rice, cassava, cashew, native chicken, and vegetable crops. OBJECTIVE 2 CHALLENGES COVID-19 posed the most significant challenge to livelihoods interventions during Year 2. All international tourism halted completely, and it is unlikely to return for at least one to two years to pre- COVID-19 levels. Locally grown smallholder cash crops, such as cassava and cashew, experienced a significant decrease in short-term prices due to lack of market access and decreasing demand. These and

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numerous other significant shocks to local income generation have highlighted the threat multiplier effect of COVID-19 on rural Cambodia and the significant immediate and long-term challenges posed by the economic impacts of the global pandemic. In response to these challenges, USAID GPL commissioned a rapid assessment of the economic impacts of COVID-19 to assist the Activity on identifying immediate and Year 3 related opportunities to adaptively manage implementation to response to this unprecedented challenge. The most consequential long-term challenge facing livelihoods development in the PLEL is illegal activities, such as illegal logging, fishing, and hunting as well as land encroachment. In relation to ecotourism, these activities result in loss of habitat and biodiversity, impacting the natural areas and wildlife that tourists pay to visit. Improved protected law enforcement is the primary solution to address this challenge, and USAID GPL is supporting law enforcement development for rangers and communities and implementation of joint patrols. A challenge related to the Integrated Green Enterprise strategy is reinforcing conservation commitments by communities in and around protected areas by providing clarity of performance-based benefits through REDD+ and premiums on agricultural products certified as climate positive, wildlife friendly, and organic. National policy around REDD+ will provide a framework to support “nesting’ of projects within a national REDD+ accounting system to ensure the integrity of carbon offsets, equitable benefit sharing, and sustainable conservation outcomes. To achieve this, USAID GPL is an active participant in the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility supported development of a proclamation that will be the Cambodian mechanism for setting the rules for REDD+, including management of nested projects. Furthermore, USAID GPL is deeply engaged in supporting the technical design of carbon accounting methods to ensure appropriate scale and methods are applied to allow for community level benefit distribution. 2.3 OBJECTIVE 3: STRENGTHENED INCLUSIVE AND EFFECTIVE LANDSCAPE GOVERNANCE USAID GPL is strengthening inclusive and effective governance of and within the PLEL by supporting the development of governance systems for sustainable management of natural resources that are functional, transparent, accountable, inclusive, and equitable for the targeted populations in the PLEL, including improved stakeholder understanding of both PLEL ecosystem services values and their own roles and responsibilities in implementing applicable governance mechanisms. 3.1 Support development and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations (validated MoE priorities): In FY20, USAID GPL continued to provide support for the development and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations (PLRs) identified through the policy mapping exercise completed in FY19. Early in the year, USAID GPL developed an activity policy framework to prioritize, guide, and leverage opportunities to improve PLRs identified during policy. Throughout the year, USAID GPL provided technical support for development, adoption, and/or implementation of 5 CPA by-laws; 6 decisions engaging CPA members to join joint patrols with PDoE rangers; 26 joint patrol agreements between CPAs and wildlife sanctuaries in Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Phnom Tbaeng, Preah Roka, and Prey Lang; 4 decisions to establish national level technical working groups to coordinate zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration for (1) Prey Lang in Kratie province, (2) Prey Lang in Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provinces, (3) protected areas in Oddar Meanchey province, and (4) protected areas in Kampong Thom and Siem Reap provinces; and 6 regulations establishing provincial technical working groups for zoning, demarcation, management plan development, and state land registration for Kampong Thom, Kratie, Oddar Meanchey, Preah Vihear Siem Reap, and Stung Treng provinces. (See also Table 4 in Annex IV.)

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Also during the year, USAID GPL provided technical support for the development of 19 draft CPA by- laws, 1 draft ecotourism community by-law, and 3 draft resin group by-laws; developed a draft agreement with National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development (NCDD) to support pilot implementation in one district in each of the four PLEL provinces of 4 sub-decrees on decentralization of responsibilities to local authorities enacted by Ministry of Interior (MoI); and supported MoE to host a donor and partners coordination workshop in December 2019 to facilitate mainstreaming GESI into natural resource management in the PLEL. In addition, USAID GPL provided support in FY20 for the development of national nested REDD+ policy, which will determine how subnational REDD+ projects are registered, requirements for project reporting, allowable standards and technical methodologies, benefit sharing, and how emission reduction achievements are reconciled with national reporting. These policy decisions are fundamental to the design and implementation of the Northern Plains REDD+ project and for the design and implementation of the Prey Lang JCM REDD+ project. USAID GPL support for REDD+ policy development included participation in (1) the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility II (FCPF II) Inception Meeting on REDD+ Nested System in Cambodia; (2) the third FCPF II Executive Board Meeting; (3) three informal policy discussion meetings with key stakeholders actively involved in REDD+ projects in Cambodia (FA, Korean Forest Service, WA/Wildlife Works Carbon – Southern Cardamoms REDD+ project, WCS – Keo Seima REDD+ project, and Mitsui/CI – Prey Lang JCM REDD+ project); (4) development of the Prakas for REDD+ Greenhouse Gas Mechanisms in Cambodia and the FRL allocation methodology for nested REDD+ projects; (5) monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) meeting to review REDD+ allocation methodology; and (6) presentation by UNDP consultant Javier Cano Martin describing methodology proposed for use for FRL allocation to nested projects. 3.2 PLEL Assessment dissemination and trainings: In preparation for providing trainings based on the findings and recommendations from the PLEL Assessment, USAID GPL refined and translated into Khmer the training and awareness materials developed from the PLEL Assessment on climate change issues, including mechanisms for mitigation and adaptation, prioritizing training of trainer (ToT) materials for provincial and district level meetings, in an effort to provide information and education materials that commune and community leaders can share within their constituencies. This was followed by training for the Preah Vihear landscape office staff to prepare them for their role in training commune and community leaders. USAID GPL initiated ToT training on Women in Natural Resource Management climate change and the PLEL Assessment, as well as gender USAID GPL, in cooperation with MoE, conducted a four-day training of mainstreaming and empowerment, trainers (ToT) instructional course on mainstreaming female engagement conducting a training for MoI, including in natural resource management and climate change, as well as on training and facilitation skills, for gender focal points from MoE and PDoE and NCDD, and district and provincial Provincial Department of Women’s Affairs from Kratie, Stung Treng, representatives from provinces across Preah Vihear, and Kampong Thom provinces. The objective of the Cambodia, to support mainstreaming training was to build the capacity of focal points to become trainers climate change and gender into the themselves so they can provide trainings on these topics to other government officers, local authorities, and communities. Gender equality implementation of sub-decrees on and social inclusion are important in every sector, including natural decentralization of authority to the resource management, to ensure women and men and all social groups subnational level. The objective of ToT enjoy the same opportunities, rights, and obligations in all spheres of life. trainings is for trainees to become trainers themselves, spreading the knowledge they’ve gained on climate change and gender equality, as well as what they’ve learned about the work of USAID GPL, to other government officials across Cambodia. While continuing to refine training materials to ensure applicability for local authorities and community members in the PLEL, USAID GPL conducted another training for the landscape office staff, this time

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including Kampong Thom, and identified field office staff who will conduct trainings on climate change and the dissemination of the PLEL Assessment findings upon lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. In addition to PLEL Assessment trainings, USAID GPL consulted with MoE on the PLEL Assessment to receive their input and validation. Additional analysis based on recently released 2018 data and input from MoE were incorporated into the report, and USAID GPL and MoE will jointly publish the final report in English and Khmer. 3.3 Support districts and communes to improve capacity for climate change mitigation and adaptation (District Investment Plans, Commune Investment Plans): USAID GPL supports districts and communes to improve capacity for climate change mitigation and to address climate change risks through assessment of existing understanding of the issues and current investment practices, training and capacity building to incorporate findings and recommendations from the PLEL Assessment into decision-making to address climate change issues, and targeted technical assistance to guide budget planning and implementation. To help ensure activities supported by USAID GPL are integrated in commune investment plans (CIPs) and presented at District Integration Workshops (DIWs), USAID GPL developed guidelines to promote social accountability and transparency through institutional support to subnational stakeholders. USAID GPL also developed draft guidelines to promote effective meetings at the subnational level, as well as a draft training manual for the NCDD on climate change and the value of forests for mitigation to inform subnational government decision making through the commune and district investment programs. In January 2020, USAID GPL participated in the Sandan DIW to integrate relevant USAID GPL annual work plan activities. The DIW enables communes to propose projects for the upcoming year that align with their five-year commune development plans and integrate these into prioritized areas at a district level. Each individual proposed project is based on village level meetings and issues prioritized by the community and/or community groups. At the DIW, outside stakeholders are given the opportunity to pledge monetary support through temporary agreements for projects proposed by each commune under categories including Economic, Environment and Natural Resources, Health, Gender, and Administration and Security. The outcome of the workshop included USAID GPL commitment to support CPA legalization, livelihood improvement, and capacity building activities (as outlined in the USAID GPL FY20 annual work plan) in the investment plans of Mean Rith, Dang Kambet, and Sochet communes. During the year, USAID GPL facilitated the attendance of members from 9 CPAs at monthly commune council meetings in Srayang, Pring Thum, Yeang communes in Preah Vihear province. USAID GPL also provided training to strengthen understanding of the three-year rolling CIP for 5 community groups in Kampong Thom; conducted coaching for community groups on the CIP process and to identify natural resource management issues, needs, and solutions; and supported 21 community groups to align priorities for integration into the three-year rolling CIP in Kratie, Kampong Thom, and Stung Treng provinces. In addition, USAID coordinated to build a strong relationship with the Preah Vihear Provincial Governor’s office to support integration of conservation plans into the CIP process, worked to strengthen collaboration with commune councils in Preah Vihear to support integration of CPA natural resource management priorities into CIP, and consulted with district authorities to initiate development of a mechanism for coordinated natural resource management for CPAs in Prey Lang, Preah Vihear. 3.4 Support and strengthen protected area law enforcement in PLEL: USAID GPL provides support to strengthen protected area law enforcement in the PLEL through law enforcement management and planning; implementation of ranger, community, and joint patrols; and training and equipping of rangers and community members. In November 2019, USAID GPL developed a law

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enforcement strategy and action plan to achieve objective outcomes over the course of the Activity. This action strategy and action plan informs USAID GPL law enforcement work planning and priorities for law enforcement support. Law enforcement patrolling is fundamental for conserving protected areas. Effective patrols require a strategic and tactical plan to maximize the use of available resources and prevent illegal activities such as illegal logging, land clearance, poaching, and wildlife poisoning. USAID GPL provides technical support for monthly law enforcement meetings for the protected areas of the PLEL to help improve patrol planning. Government rangers, CPA representatives, and other protected area law enforcement stakeholders meet at the end of the month in each protected area to review patrol data collected by rangers using SMART Mobile – a new smartphone data collection application – discuss challenges experienced during the month, review achievements, and develop a patrolling plan for the upcoming month. Quarterly law enforcement planning meetings address larger issues such as land clearance. CPA monthly meetings are held to assess Joint Patrols progress and develop monthly work and CPA patrol plans, document illegal With too few government rangers to effectively patrol Cambodia’s activities and report to PDoE, and discuss extensive protected area system, which covers more than 40% of the country, USAID GPL supports CPA members to join implementation challenges and government rangers to conduct joint patrols. Joint patrols are an intervention actions, and CPA annual important way to not only increase the number of individuals on meetings are held to review CPA patrol, but also improve law enforcement by engaging local achievements, challenges, lessons learned, communities in protected area management to reduce illegal activities such as illegal logging, land clearance, and poaching and and develop the next annual work plan. improve transparency and accountability. In November and This process of collaborative planning, December 2019, USAID GPL conducted workshops in Kampong assessment, and problem solving Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Stung Treng provinces to bring strengthens cooperation among key together CPAs, CFs, local authorities, and PDoEs to develop joint stakeholders. Protected area law patrol agreements. Amid the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, the joint patrol initiative was kickstarted after going through an enforcement patrols, which are administrative approval process by the national government, and implemented based on priorities set during USAID GPL now supports 35 CPAs in the PLEL to conduct joint monthly meetings, include PDoE ranger patrols. SMART patrols, CPA patrols, and joint patrols. During FY20, USAID GPL supported 118 law enforcement planning and reflection meetings (30 SMART patrol planning monthly meetings, 78 CPA patrol planning monthly meetings, 6 CPA patrol planning annual meetings, and 6 joint patrol planning meetings), 1,410 ranger patrols, 967 community patrols, and 223 joint patrols, engaging a total of 3,560 participants (583F). These patrol efforts yielded significant outcomes in identifying threats to forests and biodiversity in the targeted protected areas. A total of 237 new land clearance sites were identified (102 sites by rangers, 96 sites by community patrols and 39 by joint patrols), along with an estimated 592 cubic meters and more than 1,400 pieces of illegal timber. Patrols confiscated 209 cubic meters and 1,076 pieces of illegal timber, 95 koyuns, 5 tractors, 6 cars, 11 motorbikes, 2,695 snares/traps, 540 cutting tools (457 chainsaw, 53 machetes, 30 axe), and 275 hand-made guns. Patrols also destroyed 91 illegal camps, 1 charcoal production site, 70 illegal fishing tools, 8 electric fishing/hunting tools, and 29 nets and intervened in 10 wildlife trafficking cases. The patrols identified 132 suspects, arrested 16 people, and wrote warnings to 75 people engaged in illegal activities. USAID GPL also supported Preah Vihear PDoE to investigate and report an incidence of illegal hunting of a gaur in Preah Roka; facilitated the Stung Treng Provincial Land Confiscation Committee to meet in December 2019 to develop an action plan for confiscation of illegally occupied land in Prey Lang, Stung Treng; and provided support to PDoE in March and April 2020 to implement the land confiscation process. In April 2020, USAID GPL, submitted an updated list of government staff and officials to USAID for Leahy vetting.

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In June 2020, OFO initiated grant activities in Phnom Thnout. Law enforcement and joint patrolling in Phnom Thnout included a total of 164 patrols, with community members conducting 103 patrols and 41 joint patrols with rangers. 7 offenders were charged in the courts; 8 fines cases processed; 67 snares removed; 8.8 cubic meters of timer seized; 3 live animals confiscated from poachers; and 18 chainsaws, 14 koyuns, 4 motorbikes, 3 modified guns, 2 airguns, and 2 electric devices for fishing impounded. Land clearing was identified as occurring in many locations to the east of Phnom Thnout, with villagers coming from many outside areas. As part of expanded efforts to assess the effectiveness of law enforcement interventions, USAID GPL initiated procedures in September 2020 to track natural resource criminal cases completed and sent to the provincial courts in Chhaeb and Kulen Promtep. Recent complaints of note that have been filed with the courts relate to offenders who have recruited others to steal evidence of their crimes that has been seized by the Preah Vihear PDoE.

In addition to support for law enforcement planning and patrol implementation, USAID GPL continued in FY20 to prioritize law enforcement capacity building for rangers and communities, identified through the Law Enforcement Capacity Assessment conducted in FY19 as a fundamental need in the PLEL.

In November, USAID GPL partnered with MoE to provide a 2- day training on law enforcement in protected areas and legal case procedures for natural resource offences for MoE and PDoE officials from Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Photo by USAID GPL Stung Treng provinces, and a 2-day training on natural resource Ranger training includes strengthening and crime reporting protocols and law enforcement data collection, endurance building exercises. management, and reporting for rangers from protected areas in Preah Vihear province. In January 2020, USAID GPL conducted a 5-day ranger training course on protected area law enforcement monitoring and patrol planning for patrol field rangers from conservation sites managed by the Kampong Thom PDoE. The training exercises covered a range of skills that are considered core competences for rangers and priorities for Cambodian wildlife protection staff, including identifying conservation targets and threats, roles and responsibilities of patrol staff, Code of Conduct, key wildlife species identification, physical exercise, use of SMART data record books and SMART Mobile, patrol planning and preparation, and patrol strategy and techniques. Managing law enforcement patrolling data effectively and efficiently is a vital component of developing effective patrolling plans to reduce illegal activities in protected areas. As part of the development of Cambodia’s PAMP (see 3.5 Support MoE to establish and implement Cambodian Environmental Management System (CEMIS) Protected Area Monitoring Platform (PAMP)), USAID GPL provides training on the use of the SMART Mobile rugged smart phone field data collection application to government rangers in the PLEL. Rangers collect data in the Photo by USAID GPL field using the rugged smart phones and upload it directly to USAID GPL supports government rangers to SMART Connect, eliminating the use of separate GPS units, use SMART Mobile to collect patrolling data. cameras, and log books and the need for transcription and compilation of reports, providing more efficient access to field data that is standardized and has fewer errors to inform patrol planning and law enforcement decision making. The SMART Mobile training included familiarizing the rangers with the new technology and data

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collection practice and testing. Following data collection testing with the rangers, the USAID GPL Conservation Technology team goes through a review process to ensure that the data collected by the rangers during patrols is accurate. A total of 67 rugged smartphone units have been provided to rangers at different stations throughout the PLEL. In February 2020, USAID GPL provided 2 SMART Mobile trainings for rangers in Prey Lang and Beng Per and 1 training for rangers in 8 PAs in Preah Vihear. In June and July 2020, USAID GPL provided SMART Mobile on-the-job coaching to rangers in Kampong Thom province. In August 2020. USAID GPL supported PDoE to conduct a 2- day training on drone operation for government ranger team leaders from Kampong Thom and Kratie provinces and a 2-day training on drone operation for government rangers from Preah Vihear province. Aerial drone photography is a useful tool for verifying deforestation detected from remote sensing and quickly measuring the boundaries of illegally cleared forestland. Aerial imagery collected from drones can be used for ground

Photo by USAID GPL monitoring and as evidence in court cases. The objectives of the trainings were to equip rangers with the skills necessary for Drone operator training field practice for government rangers from Kampong Thom and using drones to effectively conduct aerial patrols and monitoring Kratie provinces. activities.

In October and December 2019, USAID GPL provided trainings for 5 CPAs on patrol techniques, safety and security, and wildlife identification in Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Stung Treng provinces. In July 2020, USAID GPL provided trainings for 3 CPAs in Kampong Thom province on using timestamps for patrols and a mobile chat application for communications.

Throughout FY20, USAID GPL provided law enforcement technical support tools and essential patrol equipment for protected area rangers, including radios, Blackview rugged smart phones that include GPS and camera functionality, first aid supplies, boots, packs, camping gear, and flashlights.

In July 2020, USAID GPL coordinated with COVID-19 Ranger Patrolling Guidelines United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) and the National Center for Patrolling by rangers cannot stop during the COVID-19 pandemic. To support ranger safety during this period USAID GPL adopted Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria COVID-19 ranger patrolling guidelines from East Africa to meet Control (CNM) to distribute anti-malaria Cambodian ranger patrolling standards and procedures. The bed and hammock nets to 57 community guidelines were produced in the and focus on groups in the PLEL to be used during minimizing risk of exposure to COVID-19 by rangers. The guidelines include general hygiene principals, effective measures for social forest patrols. distancing in field camps, practices for safely resupplying provisions, and techniques for safely interacting with communities. The COVID- Signing ceremonies for the in-kind grant 19 guidelines support rangers to continue their important agreement between MoE and USAID GPL conservation and patrolling efforts during a period of uncertainty. for distribution of patrol equipment to 49 The guidelines have also been shared with all conservation CPAs were conducted in July 2020 in organizations in Cambodia so that they can be promulgated both Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear, Stung bottom up and top down. Treng, and Kratie provinces. Each CPA received 15 helmets, 15 hammocks, 15 rain covers, 15 raincoats, 15 mosquito nets (240 cm), 15 mosquito nets (180 cm), 15 backpacks, 15 water bottles, and 3 torches. By providing patrolling equipment to CPAs, USAID GPL is helping to ensure CPA members have adequate supplies to safely and effectively conduct joint patrols with government rangers and local authorities to help preserve the natural resources of protected areas in the PLEL.

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3.5 Support MoE to establish and implement Cambodian Environmental Management System (CEMIS) Protected Area Monitoring Platform (PAMP): The PAMP is a suite of monitoring tools in development by USAID GPL to support MoE’s efforts to effectively manage the Cambodia protected area network. PAMP collects, integrates, and displays historical and real-time data from Cambodian protected areas, monitoring for illegal activities and changes in the environment so that the government can take immediate law enforcement actions in areas under threat and collecting and mapping data on species diversity and populations trends to inform protected area management. Through implementation of PAMP, USAID GPL will support the government to identify and target hotspots for priority patrol intervention and rapid response, as well as provide critical data to inform protected area zoning and Graphic by USAID GPL conservation science. PAMP collects, integrates, and displays near real-time data from Cambodian protected areas, and makes it PAMP combines ground-based monitoring technology accessible at multiple administrative levels. using Spatial Monitoring and Report Tool (SMART) software and remote sensing technology using deforestation alert data from the University of Maryland’s GLAD Forest Loss Alerts and satellite imagery from USGS Landsat and ESA Copernicus (Sentinel 1, Sentinel 2) facilitated by Google Earth Engine and presents this information through the Vulcan Earth Ranger data visualization and management platform. PAMP utilizes cloud-based technology to collect spatial data from the field, such as information collected by law enforcement patrols and biodiversity field researchers, and communicates this information together with the remote sensing data in easy to interpret maps to subnational and national government agencies through a web-based portal. PAMP is being developed by USAID GPL in close partnership with the SMART Partnership, a group of prominent international conservation NGOs, Vulcan Earth Ranger, a philanthropic program established by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, and the SERVIR-Mekong program. a NASA-USAID joint program implemented by the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center. Support during the first quarter included (1) securing technical partnerships with MoE GDANCP, MoE General Department of Environmental Knowledge and Information (GDEKI), MAFF FA, World Bank, SERVIR-Mekong, FAO, SilvaCarbon, Vulcan, and SMART Partnership to support development of PAMP; (2) establishing scoping and design for PAMP; (3) coordinating an NGO working group with MoE to align monitoring development; (3) developing a decision support monitoring framework for the PLEL; (4) SMART system development, including matching data model between WCS, CI, and USAID GPL and translating to Khmer; and (5) field testing of Blackview and Android handheld mobile devices, testing a variety of applications, including beta testing participation with the SMART Mobile application. A key component of PAMP is the Earth Ranger data integration and visualization platform. The initial instance of this tool has been established and USAID GPL is currently working with Vulcan to further adapt this system to landscape requirements. Vulcan supported an Earth Ranger administration training

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at USAID GPL with the support of Wildlife Protection Services. This training was attended by USAID GPL and partner geographic information system (GIS) staff. In addition, USAID GPL attended “Training on Using Regional Land Cover Monitoring System for Land Use Land Cover mapping in Cambodia” in Bangkok, Thailand in December 2019. This workshop, provided by UNDP and hosted by SERVIR-Mekong, brought together Cambodian government technical specialists from MoE, Photo by USAID GPL including GDANCP and Department of GIS, and Land cover mapping training participants practice applying the new MAFF, including FA and General Directorate of technology for mapping land cover in Cambodia (left). An example Agriculture, and technical support providers land use change map of the PLEL (right). from USAID GPL, SERVIR-Mekong, SilvaCarbon, FAO, and CIAT-CGIAR. The training focused on adapting the National Forest Monitoring System (NFMS), a component of the national REDD+ program, to use new technologies for computer assisted land cover mapping. PAMP uses these technologies to guide ground-based activities and the training provided an opportunity for USAID GPL to coordinate PAMP technical development with the initiative to update the NFMS. In partnership with MoE, SERVIR-Mekong, and UNDP, USAID GPL is using this satellite-based monitoring technology to locate areas of illegal forest cutting and direct law enforcement to intervene. PAMP development in the second quarter included (1) further refinement of the data management of remote sensing fire and deforestation alerts and the SMART integration workflow within the Earth Ranger component; (2) setting up an ODK platform for custom surveys to create a data collection method for rugged smartphones for resin tree and other surveys; (3) coordinating with SERVIR-Mekong, World Bank Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Program (CSLEP), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) FCPF II, and MoE to align natural resource monitoring and decision support tool development; and (4) working with SERVIR-Mekong to include NGO technical staff in SERVIR-Mekong’s Cambodia capacity Protected Area Monitoring Platform building efforts for remote sensing. Key achievements in fiscal year 2020 included securing technical partnerships with government, donor, and NGO partners (MoE, Support for PAMP in the third quarter Forestry Administration, World Bank, SERVIR-Mekong, FAO, included (1) support to MoE to SilvaCarbon, Vulcan, and SMART Partnership); developing the PAMP establish a national working group for monitoring framework; field testing handheld mobile devices for data PAMP and SMART by drafting and collection and training of government partners; coordinating with government and partner programs (MoE, SERVIR-Mekong, World Bank conducting consultation on terms of CSLEP, and UNDP FCPF II) to align monitoring and decision support reference for the working group and tool development; Vulcan Earth Ranger training of subnational and (2) meetings with Oregon State national government and conservation NGO staff; and back end University to scope SERVIR-Mekong technical development to streamline data management from both remote sensing alerts and ground-based data capture, as well as PAMP technology contributions. In prototyping of additional functional components, such as a radar-based addition, USAID GPL conducted a CPA alert methodology under development by SERVIR-Mekong using ESA forest cover rapid assessment to Sentinel 1 satellite radar imagery. determine forest cover change The significant challenge for implementation of PAMP has been the need between 2018 and 2020 in CPAs in the for legal guidance from MoE for the provincial departments of PLEL, the draft report of which will be environment to officially implement PAMP at the subnational level. finalized in the first quarter of FY21. Formal national endorsement of PAMP by MoE remains a high priority The results of the assessment show for USAID GPL, and the correct application of PAMP remains an area of focus as technical and human resource capacity needs to be scaled up significant forest cover loss in six of 13 significantly. CPAs analyzed.

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PAMP development during the fourth quarter included (1) analysis and presentation of the Global Forest Change (GFC) 2019 v1.7 results, reviewing forest loss identified under GFC v1.7, assessing its accuracy and usefulness for PAMP, and communicating the results that it is a credible dataset showing extreme rates of deforestation in Cambodia to MoE; (2) addressing excessive volume of GLAD alerts within the Earth Ranger component through filter development and application of a clustering algorithm; (3) establishing a grid reference system spatial data management framework for collecting and reporting landscape events (GIS data management design); (4) designing the scope and scale of PAMP monitoring footprints for the four pilot provinces, Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, and Stung Treng, resulting in a full GIS database for gridded data management; and (5) identifying available spatial data for protected area zone definition criteria to develop fragmentation layers as key input for protected area zone mapping. In addition, USAID GPL conducted ToT training on conservation technology tools for conservation technology staff with national and subnational government and conservation NGO partners to support PAMP Command Center implementation. Training included introduction to PAMP and conservation technology tools, in addition to the basics of remote sensing and GIS, use of Global Forest Watch and Earth Ranger, GLAD Alerts, and SMART patrol planning and targets, including using SMART Desktop, hotspot verification with satellite imagery, patrol plan mapping, and use of the PAMP grid system. OBJECTIVE 3 CHALLENGES Effective law enforcement, which integrates government and communities into a holistic model based on trust and enforcement of protected area laws, remains challenging. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a marked increase in natural resource crime across the PLEL. USAID GPL has continued to advocate for joint patrolling for all interested community members across the PLEL and has seen the most success in Preah Vihear province, which formalized 28 joint patrol agreements. In the other three PLEL provinces progress on joint patrolling has been made, but administrative delays continue to hamper roll-out even though national level endorsement has been provided. In addition, the correct application of the PAMP remains an area of focus for the Activity as technical and human resource capacity with partners needs to be scaled up significantly. Formal national endorsement of PAMP by the MoE remains a high priority for USAID GPL. Further evidence of the challenges to achieving effective law enforcement was the clarity that GFC v1.7 provided on the state of forest loss in Cambodia. GFC v1.7 analysis revealed a sharp rise in deforestation between 2018 and 2019, reversing downward trends of the previous two years. USAID GPL has advised MoE that immediate action is required to address the runaway deforestation identified by GFC v1.7. The data was further processed using a grid reference system to generate a series of 10 km gridded statistical maps of high deforestation, recent rates of deforestation change, deforestation above the national REDD+ forest reference level (FRL), and areas of high risk of future deforestation. These were developed as a proof of concept of ongoing use of GFC as a decision support tool within PAMP. Additional analyses of GFC v1.7 demonstrated the extreme rates of forest fragmentation in Cambodia resulting in an extensive reduction of forest habitat quality and further increasing rates of deforestation in fragmented areas.

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GFC v1.7 analysis by USAID GPL

From left to right, the top two 10 km gridded maps of Cambodia illustrate 2019 deforestation rates and 2018 to 2019 deforestation percentage increases. From left to right, the bottom two 10 km gridded maps highlight the rates of deforestation relative to the established FRL in Cambodia of 2.9% and the future deforestation risk in Cambodia based upon historical trends.

2.4 MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS 2.4.1 ADMINISTRATION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT 4.1 Implement administration and finance: In FY20, USAID GPL recruited and hired 31 new staff for the Phnom Penh, Kampong Thom, and Preah Vihear offices (see Figures 6 – 8 in Annex VIII for updated USAID GPL office organizational charts) and trained new staff on policies and procedures. In order to improve the system for expense reports and advance requests in FY20, USAID GPL assessed challenges and strategized solutions, integrating the online activity management system with the financial approvals system to streamline and clarify the approvals process by manually linking the online

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system with budget approval and finance processing. In addition, USAID GPL developed and implemented an electronic reimbursement payments system for community members and government officials (Wing/ACLEDA), developing payment principles to support this system and to clarify USAID GPL policies on payments to beneficiaries. The electronic payment system provides transparency and accountability and replaces the insecurity of cash disbursements. FY20 updated policies include the staff benefit and personnel manual, staff benefit summary, boundary demarcation policy, patrolling supplement procedures and policy, participant allowance policy, vehicles and motorcycles policy, and standard Employee Long Term Employment Agreement. In addition, USAID GPL developed the project Security Manual and training materials, a “finance checklist” to provide guidance on the financial disbursement process, and staff biographies for senior managers and key staff; revised the process and forms and developed instructions for travel reimbursement, advance requests, and clearance for patrolling supplements; and conducted orientation on new and revised policies and refresher trainings for staff. Procurement activities included a field spot check in Kratie province on boat and hotel costs, establishing new and updated corporate agreements with guest houses in the PLEL, procuring field equipment for patrol teams, conducting renovations to accommodate new staff in Kampong Thom and Preah Vihear offices, conducting quarterly procurement and monthly tax filings, and maintaining and updated equipment inventory. USAID GPL conducted quarterly coordination meetings between landscape and Phnom Penh offices on administration, finance, and operations and to improve coordination between technical and administrative teams. 4.2 Training and staff capacity building: USAID GPL provides ongoing training and staff capacity building, including new, refresher, and updated trainings based on staff needs. During the year, USAID GPL developed GESI mainstreaming training materials for ongoing staff trainings; conducted the biodiversity team annual meeting; and provided training (1) to Kampong Thom staff on key wildlife species survey methods and field navigation, gender equality and facilitation skills, and capacity building for results-based report writing, (2) to Preah Vihear staff on results-based report writing, ToT on climate change and PLEL Assessment findings, and the process of resin tree inventorying, (3) to the governance team in Preah Vihear on the modified reporting template for CPA and joint patrolling, (4) to field and Phnom Penh office, partner staff, including those managing patrol data, and new staff on SMART Connect, (5) to biodiversity staff on SMART Mobile use, (6) to GIS and SMART staff on using ODK for field data collection, and (7) to Kampong Thom and Preah Vihear staff on environmental screening for project activities. In addition, USAID GPL staff attended a CI training, including a field exercise, on basic GIS and the use of drones as a law enforcement support tool. 4.3 Implement grant facility: USAID GPL began implementation of the grant facility during the first quarter of FY20 to manage the USAID GPL grant process and released the first Annual Program Statement (APS) to solicit proposals for livelihoods development projects. Of the 39 concept note submissions for the first APS, the Selection Committee chose 16 applicants to proceed to the full- application stage. Based on review of the full applications received, USAID GPL awarded six new grants. Grantees include Our Future Organization (OFO), Wildlife Alliance (WA), Fauna & Flora International (FFI), RECOFTC, Non-Timber Forest Products-Exchange Program (NTFP-EP), and Cambodian Rural Development Team (CRDT). The OFO grant project will improve biodiversity and ecosystem health through research to inform conservation activities, improve livelihoods through agricultural support and community-based ecotourism, and improve law enforcement through capacity development and joint patrol support. The WA grant project will enhance wildlife protection in the PLEL through increased community education and law enforcement (Wildlife Rapid Rescue Team). The FFI grant project will strengthen wildlife

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management in the PLEL through research to understand elephant populations. The RECOFTC grant project will improve livelihoods in CF communities through sustainable forest management. The NTFP- EP grant project will improve livelihoods through sustainable community-based enterprise development. The CRDT grant project will improve sustainable livelihoods and reduce human pressures on forests and ecosystems through increased food production and income diversification within local communities. However, WA requested for a grant termination within two months of grant commencement because all the military police that WA planned to support through this grant failed the Leahy vetting process. It was not financially possible for WA to subsidize those individuals using unrestricted donor funding. This eliminated the possibility of conducting any grant activities related to the Wildlife Rapid Rescue Team. The other part of the WA grant was to support Kouprey Express conservation activities in the PLEL, Due to internal staffing and other commitments, WA would not be able to implement only this portion of the grant. USAID GPL also awarded two in-kind grants in FY20, one to MoE and one to the Kampong Thom Provincial Government to improve patrolling of Cambodian protected areas through engagement with community members. USAID GPL continued to implement the grant to Sansom Mlub Prey (SMP) to support the IBIS Rice program, initiated in FY19. Despite delays to some activities due to COVID-19, the IBIS Rice program has contributed to improved natural resource management, economic benefits, law enforcement, and institutional capacity to mitigate climate change in the PLEL, and USAID GPL approved a cost extension for SMP for an additional 12 months to sustain the results that the current grant is achieving. Other newly awarded grants have begun their implementation in the last quarter of FY20 with a few challenges as a result of COVID-19. 4.4 Implement MEL reporting system and MEL Plan: In early FY20, USAID GPL finalized development and implementation of an online monitoring and evaluation (M&E) database (Airtable), in addition to an online activity management system (Asana) linked to the M&E database, to support the needs of activity implementers, managers, and M&E for streamlined activity tracking, management, and reporting. In addition to project-wide training on use of the new system, USAID GPL implemented an activity and M&E data management plan to provide guidance on roles and responsibilities in activity planning and M&E data collection and reporting, and operationalized the online system by incorporating FY20 detailed annual work plan activities developed by the landscape and Phnom Penh offices and providing ongoing coaching, as well as incorporating feedback to adaptively develop the functionality of the system to best serve planning and reporting needs. More than 60 USAID GPL and partner staff utilize the system to plan, manage, collaborate, and report on project activities. Throughout FY20, the USAID GPL M&E team conduced ongoing data collection, entry, analysis, and reporting, as well as ongoing field monitoring of project activities for data quality control and assurance, and successfully completed a USAID Data Quality Assessment (DQA) in November 2019. In addition, the M&E team conducted new staff orientation training and refresher training on project performance indicators and M&E data requirements and the M&E and activity management system as needed during the year, and in May, the MEL Manual on project indicators was completed in English and Khmer and disseminated to project staff, partners, and grantees. In the first quarter of FY20, USAID GPL M&E staff attended training on the USAID TraiNet system and obtained access to upload relevant data, and in May 2020 attended a USAID training on the new Training and Exchanges Automated Management System (TEAMS), which replaces TraiNet for tracking trainings. In January 2020, M&E staff attended a USAID training on the GeoCenter system for submitting project location data. Data is input into these systems on a quarterly basis. In addition, the USAID GPL M&E Manager attended USAID Food Security and Environment M&E point of contact quarterly meetings in March and May.

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To support activity work planning in line with performance indicator goals, in early FY20 USAID GPL M&E staff developed indicator roadmaps with technical managers and landscape teams and in late FY20, assessed FY20 indicator achievements and developed FY21 indicator roadmaps. Following development of the FY21 annual work plan, the team identified activities requiring environmental screening. M&E staff also worked during the year to improve reporting tools, for example redesigning the reporting template for CPA and joint patrols, and develop assessment tools, such as a focus-group discussion questionnaire for a knowledge, attitude and practice study on joint patrols to be implemented in FY21. 4.5 Develop detailed quarterly activity work plans: Based on the FY20 annual work plan, USAID GPL developed a detailed annual work plan for landscape and Phnom Penh offices, providing support for GESI integration into activities. Throughout the year, USAID GPL conducted previous quarter reflection meetings (virtually during remote working periods) with landscape and technical managers to support ongoing activity implementation and development of detailed quarterly and monthly activity work plans. 4.6 Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session: During the second quarter, USAID GPL conducted a virtual Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session in which all USAID GPL staff provided reflection on their activities during the year to inform a review of progress toward results and realign interventions and priorities as needed. The outcome of this reflection informed strategy and adjustments to the USAID GPL FY20 work plan and the development of the FY21 work plan. Based on the outcomes from the Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session, USAID GPL updated the MEL Plan in consultation with USAID. Significant revisions included changes to performance indicator targets, revisions to relevant precise definitions to provide rationale for changes to targets, and revisions to life of Activity targets, in addition to updating performance indicator standard definitions for consistency with the FY19 version of the Foreign Assistance Standard Indicators. 4.7 Develop Annual Work Plan: During the fourth quarter, USAID GPL completed the Year Three Work Plan, conducting a Year Three Work Planning Workshop with staff and partners in order to (1) take stock of progress of the implementation of the Year Two Work Plan; (2) review and discuss USAID GPL vision, objectives, strategies, and assessments; (3) integrate indicators, cross-cutting strategies, and assessment findings into activities; and (4) develop Year Three Work Plan activities. The work planning workshop was followed by internal USAID GPL and partner review and refinement and MoE validation at a workshop for national and subnational MoE stakeholders to gain input and feedback to shape key priorities and activities. 2.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS AND OUTREACH The USAID GPL Communications and Outreach Strategy 1) keeps the interested public informed about the USAID GPL Activity, 2) engages landscape-level stakeholders meaningfully in the development and realization of the PLEL vision, and 3) shares learning from PLEL implementation among the broader group of practitioners to improve policy and practice.

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4.8 Implement Communication and Outreach Strategy: Implementation of the FY20 Communications and Outreach Plan included development of (1) 12 visual stories (about community biodiversity field researchers surveying pileated gibbon in Phnom Tbaeng; a bird nest protector and community benefits; an IBIS Rice farmer in Preah Vihear; a young Conservation Chats female CPA leader; a ranger Conservation Chats with USAID GPL was launched in April 2020. The primary dedicated to forest protection; a purpose was to provide information to national and subnational stakeholders veterinarian raising awareness of on USAID GPL activities through dynamic social media content. The platform the Diclofenac ban to protect was launched as a mechanism to keep stakeholders engaged with USAID GPL during the COVID-19 crisis. critically endangered vultures; an AC leader; a CFi deputy chief; a Each Conservation Chat included a moderator and two participants. Each sausage vendor at an ecotourism episode was 5 to 6 minutes in length and focused on one of USAID GPL’s site; a female resin collector; a activities. The moderator was a USAID GPL staff member who asked the participants three or four questions about their activities and how they engage CFi chief; and a resin dealer); (2) with USAID GPL. Conservation Chats were formatted like a news flash and 9 monthly bulletins with a featured images of the topic being discussed along with the participants and project snapshot; (3) 7 video moderator holding a discussion over Zoom. clips (about USAID GPL; of the USAID GPL released eleven Conservation Chats during the period when project beneficiaries of USAID GPL activities were curtailed due to COVID-19. Featured topics included support for the Dang Phlet conservation technology, agricultural cooperatives, joint patrolling, ecotourism, ecotourism community; an IBIS climate change impacts on farmers, protected area zoning, Indigenous Peoples, Rice farmer and the importance and gender and the environment. The U.S. Ambassador to Cambodia, USAID Mission Director, Cambodian pop stars, government officials, and numerous of promoting livelihoods that project beneficiaries and staff participated in the Conservation Chats. Over a protect the forest and wildlife; a three-month period, USAID GPL reached over 350,000 Facebook users through community biodiversity field Conservations Chats. Past episodes can be viewed on the USAID GPL Facebook researcher; a youth camping page, https://www.facebook.com/USAIDGPL/videos. event in Prey Lang; a young female CPA leader; the importance of the Stung Sen river; World Environment Day; and the Santus Tama Waterfall in Phnom Tbaeng); and (4) 11 Conservation Chat videos (including topics such as joint patrols between rangers and communities, Cambodian Indigenous Peoples, and the important roles of women in conservation). The Conservation Chat videos, video clips, monthly bulletins, and visual stories were shared via social media, emailing list, and Exposure. In addition, USAID GPL supported (1) 1 media visit to the PLEL; (2) the Youth Debate on the Environment in Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, Kampong Thom, and Phnom Penh hosted live on Facebook; (3) 1 environmental protection themed video competition, with 18 videos submitted; and (4) an International Vulture Day social media campaign, featuring 10 posts to raise awareness of threats to vulture populations.

Environmental Youth Debate USAID GPL also produced (1) 200 t-shirts for a Bird Festival organized by Bird Life Cambodian youth are the backbone of the country, accounting for International in cooperation with MoE and over 33% of the population, and youth are important agents of change in terms of favorable behavior towards natural resource other conservation NGOs at Royal protection. USAID GPL, in cooperation with MoE, has facilitated University of Phnom Penh to raise environmental youth debates to encourage discussion about awareness of globally threatened bird environmental issues and the importance of natural resources species in Cambodia; (2) 21 street banners among Cambodian youth country-wide with promotion through a variety of communications channels. This discussion is not limited with 7 different messages promoting the to the participants of the debate, who studied the provided topics benefits of forests for the Stung Treng for their debate preparation, but also includes their friends and province year end public event; (3) 1 family members attending the events physically or virtually, who are biodiversity and threats display for the U.S. also motivated and engaged to continue and spread the discussion. Ambassador’s welcome reception; (4) 500 copies of a poster on the Diclofenac ban

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for distribution in Preah Vihear province to raise awareness of the ban and the impact of Diclofenac on critically endangered vulture species (distributed to various pharmacies in the province by vet and relevant local authorities); (5) wildlife anti-poisoning awareness raising materials; (6) posters for community wildlife awareness raising and training; (7) a USAID GPL-branded water bottle to promote the project and plastic waste reduction; (8) leaflets for Stung Treng PDoT to promote tourist attractions, distributed at the Battambang River Festival; and (9) a redesigned USAID GPL project banner for the field offices.

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ANNEXES ANNEX I. PREY LANG EXTENDED LANDSCAPE MAP

Figure 3: Prey Lang Extended Landscape land use and protected areas

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ANNEX II. KEY STAKEHOLDERS TABLE 1: USAID GPL KEY STAKEHOLDER GROUPS Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 Government Play a role as General Commander to crackdown on all illegal activities, including logging, poaching, and other destruction to natural resource. In addition, both play a significant role for protected area (PA) management including supporting zoning, Provincial Governors Government demarcation, management plans, and land / Deputy Governors Subnational provincial level registration of PAs in their province. Engaged in land registration, land conflict resolution, community forests (CFs)/agriculture cooperatives (AC) official registration, forest patrolling, livelihood development, illegal logging arrests, coordination for resource mobilization, joint patrolling, and intervention for security mobilization. District Governors contribute to five-year district development plans and support commune planning and integration at a district level. District governors also protect and promote regulations regarding protected Government area land use or water management and district and raise awareness related to natural District Governors Subnational commune level resource management (NRM). Oversee all works related to zoning, land use planning, community protected area (CPA) establishment, livelihood activities, law enforcement, lead and facilitate Commune Development Plan/Commune Investment Plan (CDP/CIP) development, Government implement CDP/CIP and other projects, district and and raise awareness related to NRM and Commune Councils Subnational commune level other environmental associated areas. Responsible for improving climate change public awareness, mainstreaming climate change into subnational planning, and establishing and managing the national system of protected areas. MoE is also responsible for ensuring that negative Ministry of Government impacts to the environment and natural Environment (MoE) National ministry resources are prevented and mitigated.

3 Donor agency, other USAID program, international NGO, international/inter-governmental organization, foreign government institution, government ministry, academic or research organization, private sector, government provincial level, government district and commune level, civil society organization or community group.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 Responsible for law enforcement related to protected areas, including taking poaching/illegal logging cases to court, forest patrols, and joint patrols with CPA members/other conservation organizations. PDoE produces curricular related to natural resource management, supports local communities, supports CPA establishment, and natural resource Provincial management in protected areas, and raises Department of Government community/stakeholder awareness of Environment (PDoE) Subnational provincial level protected area law. Responsible for managing protected areas and developing and overseeing the General Department implementation of the National Protected of Administration for Areas Strategic Management Plan. Nature Conservation GDANCPs role is to coordinate and Protection Government biodiversity conservation and ensure (GDANCP), MoE National ministry sustainable use of natural resources. Manages and coordinates local Department of development and natural resource Community protection and supports communities to Livelihood, General manage, protect, and preserve natural Department of Local resources, biodiversity, and ecosystems in Community, Government protected areas through sustainable MoE National ministry livelihood production. General Department of Environmental Knowledge and Information (GDEKI), Government Awareness raising, environmental MoE National ministry education, and GIS. Department of GIS, Government Collects geospatial data and is responsible GDEKI, MoE National ministry for mapping in protected areas. Supports education related to environmental and environmental issues to the public, encourages environmentally Department of friendly activities, and coordinates with Environmental other institutions to strengthen Education, GDEKI, Government cooperation and increase effectiveness of MoE National ministry environmental education and outreach. Department of Provides legal training, monitors and Inspection and Law Government inspects PDoE and field team(s), and Enforcement, MoE National ministry produces legal documents as needed. Ecotourism Department, Ministry Government of Tourism (MoT) National ministry Supports community ecotourism. Department of Government Works with other relevant ministries to Tourism Policy, MoT National ministry implement National Ecotourism Policy. Manages tourism and ecotourism sites Provincial according to the National Tourism Policy Departments of Government and Tourism Law. Works with partners to Tourism (PDoT) Subnational provincial level implement an ecotourism strategy to

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 promote tourism and ecotourism products, promotes ecotourism products to key tourist markets, and supports ecotourism communities across the province. PDoT is also responsible for managing homestay, guesthouse, hotel, resort or bungalows according to standards also. General Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Responsible for agronomy, monitoring of Agriculture, Forestry, Government chemicals in agricultural production; and and Fisheries (MAFF) Both ministry import and export of rice. Oversees and regulates the management of state forests, identifies illegal activities related to forest and wildlife outside protected areas, technical support to Community Forest (CF) management and forest inventory to ensure sustainable use of the forest resources. Responsibilities also include the use and maintenance of national forest cover maps to monitor forest conditions, implementation of the National Forest Programme, research and Forestry monitoring of government forests, and Administration (FA), Government overseeing forest carbon trades and forest MAFF Both provincial level management services. Provides technical support to CF’s and CF formation, promotes reforestation, supports the establishment of tree nurseries, investigates and suppresses various forms of forest destruction, conserves flora and fauna, promotes public Forestry Cantonment, Government education to demonstrate the importance FA, MAFF Subnational provincial level of managing and protecting forests. Responsible for the management of the country’s flooded/inundated forests and Fisheries mangrove areas as well as the Administration (FiA), Government management, regulation, and promotion of MAFF Both ministry the national fisheries sector. Provides technical support to Community Fisheries (CFi) and CFi formation, fishery resource management and conservation in collaboration with NGOs, supports climate resilient fish raising/aquaculture, supports FiA to conduct scientific research on fisheries and aquaculture and document Fisheries the findings, inspects and manages all Cantonment, FiA, Government activities of fishery resource exploitation MAFF Subnational provincial level and aquaculture. Provincial Provides technical support on the Department of Government agricultural sector to farmers and Agriculture, Forestry, Subnational provincial level Agriculture Cooperatives (ACs); supports

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 and Fisheries climate resilience through technical (PDAFF), MAFF support, climate resilient seeds, and trainings; provides guidance to farmer’s groups to register as formal ACs; coordinates between private sector and ACs to conduct contract farming; supports access to low interest loans; and works with NGOs and development partners to implement climate and agricultural related projects. Acts as a catalyst and advocate to encourage public institutions, civil society, and the private sector to integrate gender Department of Legal equality into their policies and programs. Protection, Ministry Responsible for the coordination and of Women’s Affairs Government facilitation of gender mainstreaming across (MoWA) National ministry government. Empowers women through economic means and key to achieving gender equality in Cambodia. Responsible for encouraging women to take part in economic activities and to contribute to Department of national goals such as equitable economic Economic Government development and participation of all Development, MoWA National ministry stakeholders. Responsible for developing and adopting gender mainstreaming in the government’s Department of policies, laws, plans, and programs, Gender including strengthening institutional Equality/Gender capacity and partnership with stakeholders Mainstreaming, Government for effective and sustainable development MoWA National ministry for all. Works with commune council on commune issues that focus on women and children, mainstreams gender into projects of PDAFF and through CDP/CIP, improves Provincial household livelihoods through agricultural Department of practices, and raises awareness of income Women’s Affairs Government generating activities and environmental (PDoWA), MoWA Subnational provincial level protection for women. National Committee NCDD works with all levels of for Sub-National government to achieve the common Democratic objective of establishing, promoting, and Development sustaining democratic development, (NCDD)/Ministry of Government including the implementation of Interior (MoI) Both ministry decentralization.

Ministry of Land Responsible for governing land use, urban Management, Urban planning, construction projects; supports Planning and the resolution of land use conflicts; Construction Government oversees zoning and land registration for (MLMUPC) Subnational ministry variety of social and economic land

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 concessions, and Indigenous peoples, agricultural, and reforestation land.

Provincial Department of Land Management, Urban Plays a key role in legal land certification Planning, and and registration, and zoning and land use Construction planning; provides technical support for (PDLMUPC), Government GPS mapping training; and plays an MLMUPC Subnational provincial level important role in land conflict resolutions. Ministry of Mines and Government Prepares policies and proposes laws Energy (MME) National ministry related to mining and energy in Cambodia. Department of Mineral Exploration Government Responsible for governing and regulating Management, MME Subnational ministry mining exploration. Oversees the coordination, implementation, monitoring, and Ministry of Rural Government evaluation of rural development programs Development (MoRD) National ministry that benefit Cambodia’s rural population. Manage and monitor water supply, rural road construction, and operation and maintenance of road infrastructure; and coordinate and implement rural Provincial development projects related to Water, Department of Rural Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) projects Development in collaboration with relevant NGOs. (PDoRD) and District PDoRDs are one stakeholder involved in Technical Office, Government evaluating Indigenous peoples claims to MoRD Subnational provincial level communal land ownership. MoWRM works closely with the PDoWRMs to collect meteorological data that is used to forecast, analyze, and Provincial report climate trends. They share relevant Department of Water information for the early warning system Resources and to prevent, prepare, and respond to Meteorology natural disasters. PDoWRMs also provide (PDoWRM), Ministry technical assistant to Farmer Water User of Water Resources Communities (FWUCs) and support small and Meteorology Government scale water infrastructure projects. (MoWRM) Both ministry Support and educate local people about Tonle Sap Authority, Government clean drinking water, and pilot water filter MoWRM Subnational ministry projects. Responsible for operationalizing a national REDD+ program by mobilizing and coordinating technical and financial activities and support from government agencies, development partners, NGOs, and other stakeholders. Also, the primary contact point and coordination mechanism REDD+ Taskforce at operational level for REDD+ in Secretariat National Secretariat Cambodia.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 CRDB is the focal point for coordinating across government ministries in the receiving and/or management of Cambodia development assistance. CDC is the Rehabilitation and highest decision-making level of the Development Board government for private and public sector (CRDB), Council for investment. It is chaired by the Prime the Development of Minister and composed of senior ministers Cambodia (CDC) National Government from related government agencies. CNM has been implementing a strengthened and comprehensive malaria program in Cambodia since 2004. In National Center for coordination with the United Nations Parasitology, Office for Project Services, provided anti- Entomology, and malaria bed nets to USAID GPL for Malaria Control distribution to forest community patrol (CNM) National Government teams. Donor agency or international/inter-governmental organization Implements the Environmental Governance and Reform for Sustainable Development project, which has supported the development of the United Nations International/inter Environment and Natural Resources Development -governmental Code, as well as institutional Programme (UNDP) National organization organizational support for MoE. Supports numerous development projects in Cambodia with which USAID GPL is coordinating, including the Sustainable Water Partnership (SWP) implemented by United States Agency Winrock International, Forest and Natural for International Resource Management Program, U.S. Development Forest Service, and SERVIR-Mekong, Asian (USAID) National Donor agency Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC). Implements the Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Project. USAID GPL and the World Bank are coordinating to develop the decision support system, zoning, law enforcement, and the financial sustainability framework for the Prey Lang Extended Landscape and the Cardamom World Bank National Donor agency Mountains-Tonle Sap Landscape. UNOPS is a service provider, a technical advisor and an implementer of projects to support the UN and other partners provide peace, security, and humanitarian and development solutions. In coordination with the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria United Nations Office International/inter Control, provided anti-malaria bed nets to for Project Services -governmental USAID GPL for distribution to forest (UNOPS) National organization community patrol teams.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 International NGO Main focus in Cambodia is to help local The Center for communities and the government establish People and Forests International legal CF sites countrywide and ensure (RECOFTC) Both NGO their long-term economic viability. Strategy in Cambodia is to secure the most important ecosystems in the country that are critical for maintaining water flows, forest cover, and biodiversity that benefit the wellbeing of millions of people. CI helps catalyze largescale ecosystem conservation in partnership with government and NGO partners across the Conservation International region. Partner with Tetra Tech and WCS International (CI) Both NGO to implement USAID Greening Prey Lang. Works to strengthen people’s abilities to International become self-sufficient and alleviate Danmission Both NGO poverty. East West Management Institute International Provides funding support for strengthening (EWMI) National NGO rule of law in Cambodia In Cambodia, GERES focuses on facilitating access to sustainable biomass energy, including sustainable biomass sourcing, efficient charcoal, improved cookstoves, and support of micro-entrepreneurs and manufacturing sector. USAID GPL is Energies collaborating with GERES to support the Renouvelables, development of sustainable wood fuel Environnement et International value chains for Cambodia’s garment Solidarités (GERES) Both NGO industry Strengthening biodiversity conservation while building good governance and alleviating poverty in Cambodia through community engagement and empowerment, food security, and biodiversity monitoring and research with the aim of conserving critical forest and marine habitat and protecting flagship Fauna & Flora International species of global importance such as International (FFI) Both NGO Siamese crocodiles and Asian elephants. Focuses on environmental education. Educates, mobilizes communities, and facilitates supportive partnerships in order Live & Learn International to foster a greater understanding of Cambodia National NGO sustainability. A collaborative network of over 60 NGOs and community-based organizations working with forest-based communities to Non-Timber Forest strengthen their capacity in the sustainable Products-Exchange management of natural resources in the Programme (NTFP- International Philippines, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, EP) Subnational NGO Vietnam and Cambodia.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 Supports an official pilot project of nested REDD+ within the National REDD+ program in Cambodia, the Southern Cardamoms REDD+ project, with Wildlife Alliance International technical development by Wildlife Works (WA) Both NGO Carbon. USAID GPL is coordinating with WEA for Wild Earth Allies International biodiversity data sharing and surveys in the (WEA) Both NGO PLEL. Mission in Cambodia is the save wildlife and wild places through science, conservation, and education. Partner with Wildlife Conservation International Tetra Tech and CI to implement USAID Society (WCS) Both NGO Greening Prey Lang. Mission in Cambodia is to ensure strong participation and support from all people to conserve the country’s rich biological diversity; through encouragement of sustainable use of natural resources, promotes new opportunities for the benefit of all people, enhancing local livelihoods and contributing to poverty reduction. Works in Lower Mekong Dry Forests and Mekong River ecoregions. USAID GPL, including partners Conservation International and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), and WWF are pursuing a Green Climate Fund grant that includes developing national capacity for nested REDD+ and establishing a World Wildlife Fund International nested REDD+ project for the Northern for Nature (WWF) Both NGO Plains landscape within the PLEL. Other USAID program Mission is to catalyze private finance for sustainable agriculture and forest landscapes. USAID Green Invest Asia identifies and develops promising climate smart business deals with solid profit potential for investors, engaging with financial institutions and investors to link them to pipeline opportunities and bridge financial and technical gaps necessary to overcome barriers to investment in USAID Green Invest Other USAID businesses that are environmentally and Asia National program socially responsible. SWP is a cooperative agreement that supports USAID thought leadership, innovation, and action in global water security by integrating water security issues into Mission programming through relevant, Mission-specific initiatives. In Sustainable Water Other USAID 2017, SWP began a stakeholder-driven Partnership (SWP) program water security improvement process in

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 Cambodia, focusing on Stung Chinit river watershed. USAID GPL and SWP are coordinating to support the Stung Chinit River Basin Management Committee.

SERVIR-Mekong works in partnership with leading regional organizations to help the five countries in the Lower Mekong Region use information provided by Earth observing satellites and geospatial technologies to manage climate risks. USAID GPL is coordinating with SERVIR- Mekong to develop a PA remote sensing deforestation alerts system that will be combined with a SMART Connect field Other USAID data collection system as a decision SERVIR-Mekong National Program support system for PA management. Innovations for Social Accountability in Cambodia is a five-year (2019-2024) USAID-funded project, implemented by FHI 360 with its partners, DAI Global and Internews, to support demand side social Innovations for Social accountability activities through grantees Accountability in Other USAID in 51 Sangkats in seven municipalities of six Cambodia (ISAC) Both Program provinces.

The USAID Cambodia Green Future Activity works with partners and stakeholders at all levels to promote USAID Cambodia Other USAID positive actions for environment in Green Future Both Program Cambodia. Civil society organization or community group Works in partnership with communities to strengthen knowledge on natural resource management, biodiversity, and improve livelihoods. Works with communities to establish groups to promote savings, Civil society potable water, honey, and home gardens, Action for organization or and supports ACs to implement climate- Development (AFD) Subnational community group smart agriculture practices. Agriculture Cooperatives Civil society Supports local community members to (recognized by organization or effectively and equitably participate in PDAFF) Subnational community group agriculture activities. Provides sustainable livelihood Cambodian Rural Civil society development through community Development Team organization or organization, business growth and (CRDT) Subnational community group environmental protection. Provides skills-sharing and knowledge- Civil society building opportunities to youth groups, Cambodia Youth organization or members, and activists, as well as building Network (CYN) Both community group networks in order to put youth issues on

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 political agendas; organizes and mobilizes youth to participate in the promotion and protection of human rights, youth’s interest, and natural resource rights in Cambodia. Advocates for women's and children's participation in community development and natural resource management through CIP, supports capacity development Commune Council Government through PDoWA and Provincial for Women and district and Departments of Education, Youth, and Children (CCWC) Subnational commune level Sport. CFis are responsible for protecting wetlands and fisheries within CFi boundaries, inform FiA of illegal activities, play a significant role in patrolling, demarcation of CFi boundary, revenue Civil society generation for CFi management, and Community Fisheries organization or ensure sustainable use of natural (CFi) Subnational community group resources. Manage CFs, sell timber from CFs, plant trees in deforested areas, and inform FA of illegal activities within the CF. CFs play a significant role in patrolling, demarcation of boundaries, fire protection, and revenue generation for CF management, such as buying honey from CF members, supporting savings groups and rice loan programs to CF members, and annual Civil society congress meetings; their role is also to Community Forest organization or ensure the sustainable use of natural (CF) Subnational community group resources. Coordinate and support members in advocacy, defend natural resource rights, share knowledge, promote peace building Community and community awareness of natural Development for Civil society resource issues (mining, fishery, forest, Peace and organization or land, water), climate change, good Sustainability (CDPS) Both community group governance and community development. CPAs support forest patrolling with PDoE rangers; bird or other wildlife monitoring; tree planting in deforested areas, inform Civil society PDoE of illegal activities; and raise Community Protected organization or awareness of environmental issues among Area (CPA) Subnational community group community members. Empowers and supports poor and vulnerable Cambodians, especially in rural Development and Civil society areas, and actively contribute to an Partnership in Action organization or enabling environment for sustainable and (DPA) Both community group equitable development.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 Provision of tourism services such as local transport, lodging, food, and guides production and marketing of local products to tourists such as fruit, honey, Civil society handicrafts, snacks, cold drinks; and organization or provision of tourism activities such as tree Ecotourism Groups Subnational community group planting, nature trails, boat rides, etc.

Farmer Water User Civil society Support operation and maintenance of Communities organization or irrigation schemes, particularly secondary (FWUC) Subnational community group and tertiary canals. Improves livelihoods of local people through strengthening of local community's bargaining position and Civil society decision-making power in the context of Forest Livelihood organization or sustainable natural resource management Organization (FLO) Subnational community group and socio-economic development.

Civil society Land Tenure Security organization or Committees Subnational community group Addresses land tenure security issues. Fosters positive social change by providing critically needed information and Media for Education Civil society education through innovative media, and Development in organization or cutting-edge technology, and direct Action (MEDIA One) Both community group community engagement

Monks, Tribal Civil society Leaders, and Other organization or Promote local community issues and Individual Influencers Subnational community group provide leadership. Promote local community members to effectively and equitably participate in NTFP livelihood activities including through improving collection of NTFP; identify markets and negotiate prices; improve practices, technology, and access Non-Timber Forest Civil society to capital and inputs; support value-added Products (NTFP) organization or processing, and marketing, generally with Community Groups Subnational community group assistance from NGOs. Promotes economic, social, and cultural rights and sustainable development programming, with natural resource Organization to Civil society management, Indigenous peoples’ identity Promote Kuy Culture organization or and cultural rights, and sustainable (OPKC) Subnational community group development programs. Empowering communities for a sustainable future through education and livelihoods development; and supporting activities that Civil society protect the environment and natural Our Future organization or resources that are impacted by these Organization (OFO) Both community group communities.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 Other Livelihood Groups (e.g., Savings Groups, Resin Associations, Chicken-Raising Civil society Promote local community members to Groups, Home organization or effectively and equitably participate in Gardening Groups) Subnational community group livelihood activities. Works with community representatives to empower the vulnerable and Indigenous people to ensure their meaningful participation in development. Works to Civil society sustain environment and natural resources People of Knowledge organization or through culturally appropriate practices of Highlanders (PKH) Both community group and to strengthen quality of education. Civil society Works with people with disabilities and Ponleu Ney Kdey organization or vulnerable people, to support community Sangkhum (PNKS) Subnational community group drivers of change. PLCN emerged in 2007 from the groups and communities that advocate for government to stop illegal logging in Prey Lang Area. PLCN is working to save the Prey Lang forest from illegal logging and industrial agriculture, patrolling the forest and Civil society recording illegal logging activities, and Prey Lang Community organization or monitoring reports which are powerful for Network (PLCN) Subnational community group policy makers and the general public. Promotes and markets wildlife friendly products grown or crafted in the communities located in all categories of land protected for their biodiversity value in Cambodia. Its work links wildlife conservation to improving livelihoods of villagers limited by the constraints of living Civil society in a remote area with little opportunity to Sansom Mlup Prey organization or expand operations and limited market (SMP) Both community group access Civil society Promote Indigenous communities and Women, Youth, and organization or women and youth to effectively and Indigenous Groups Subnational community group equitably participate in decision making. Group of Earth-loving individuals who are Civil society dedicated to raising awareness of and Young Eco organization or implementing solutions to environmental Ambassador (YEA) Both community group issues. Private Sector or academic/research organization Research issues relevant to PLEL, including biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health; sustainable and equitable economic opportunities, community livelihoods, and Academic or natural capital reinvestment; and Academic Research research inclusive and effective landscape Institutions Both organization governance.

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Stakeholder Key Stakeholder Geographic Level Roles and Responsibilities Type3 A large private company who works with communities inside and outside of protected areas for organic rice, seeds, Amru Rice Both Private sector etc. CEDAC envisions a Cambodian society where small farming households enjoy good living conditions and strong The Cambodian cooperation, with the right and power to Center for Study and determine their own destinies, as well as Development in play an important role in supplying healthy Agriculture (CEDAC) Both Private sector food for the whole society. The mission of Grandis Timber is commercial reforestation to develop sustainable high value timber and other agricultural assets in Cambodia, which are Grandis Timber Co., appealing to international institutional Ltd. Both Private sector investors. IBIS Rice is an ambitious, not-for-profit conservation enterprise working with Cambodian farmers to produce world- class, organic jasmine rice while standing IBIS Rice guard for Mother Nature in a region Conservation Co., whose biodiversity is a magnet for Ltd. Both Private sector poachers and loggers.

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ANNEX III. KEY COUNTERPART AND STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION TABLE 2: HIGH LEVEL MEETINGS AND KEY EVENTS

Institution(s) Type Date Description

Quarterly law enforcement meeting to discuss land clearance in the Stung Treng province part of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. The meeting was followed by a field visit. As a MoE, PDoE, and Stung result of the field patrol, three motorbikes Treng Provincial were confiscated, and three primates were Governor Meeting October 17, 2019 released. USAID visited ecotourism and water user group in Sandan district, Kampong Thom province. In addition, the USAID delegation also met with the Kampong Thom Deputy USAID Visit October 25, 2019 Governor to introduce USAID GPL. USAID GPL Kampong Thom office launching. Kampong Thom Provincial Deputy Governor Office provided opening remarks at the opening USAID GPL Launch October 25, 2019 ceremony. First USAID GPL Steering Committee MoE, PDoE, 4 provincial Meeting, chaired by H.E. Sao Sopheap, governors Meeting October 30, 2019 Secretary of State, MoE. USAID GPL supported MoE to conduct a 2- day legal training for MoE staff and PDoE staff from six provinces in Phnom Penh. H.E. Sao Sopheap provided opening remarks and USAID GPL Chief of Party Matthew MoE and PDOE from 6 Edwardsen gave welcoming remarks and provinces Training November 7-8, 2019 introduced the training workshop. USAID GPL attended the launch ceremony of the National Human Development Report on natural resource management. The workshop Launching was closed by H.E. Say Samal, Minister of UNDP ceremony November 21, 2019 Environment. Law enforcement training on “Patrol Techniques and Law Enforcement” at Trapeang Pring Station, Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary in Preah Vihear province. Rangers from various protected areas, including Prey Lang, Kulen Promtep, Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok, Chhaeb, and Preah Roka wildlife sanctuaries and Phnom Tbaeng Natural Preah Vihear PDoE Training Nov 24-29, 2019 Heritage Park, attended the training. USAID GPL Chief of Party Matthew Edwardsen and Deputy Chief of Party Chhith Sam Ath attended a forum on Protection and Conservation of Natural Resources: Local Commitment and Ownership for the MoE Forum November 25, 2019 Sustainable Use of Natural Resources. The

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

forum was opened by H.E. Say Samal, Minister of Environment. CPA meeting and visit to Preah Atit Ranger Station, Kampong Thom province. USAID GPL provided food and transportation for CPA members to join this event. This meeting was attended by H.E. Say Samal, Minister of MoE Meeting November 26, 2019 Environment. Law enforcement quarterly meeting followed by PDoE annual reflection meeting. The MoE, PDoE, Stung Treng meetings were chaired by H.E. Sokhon Provincial Governor Meeting December 11, 2019 Rithykun, Secretary of State, MoE. USAID GPL, in collaboration with PDAFF and PDoE, conducted an awareness raising event in Preah Vihear province to announce the Awareness banning of Diclofenac veterinary medicine, raising which is harmful to globally threatened bird PDAFF, PDoE workshop December 13, 2019 species. USAID GPL, in partnership with Stung Treng PDoT, organized a tourism itinerary building MoT, MoE workshop in Stung Treng province, with PDoT and PDoE from Training participants from the MoT, MoE, and PDoT four provinces workshop December 13, 2019 and PDoE from four provinces in the PLEL. First Annual Assembly of Community Natural Resources Conservation network. The meeting was opened by H.E. Say Samal, Minister of Environment. USAID GPL supported CPA members from PLEL to attend MoE, PDoE, CPA Assembly December 17, 2019 in this event. USAID GPL presented the project scope of work and demonstrated USAID GPL’s support for strengthening law enforcement and governance through the use of conservation technologies – handheld mobile devises for patrols and the Protected Area Monitoring Platform (PAMP). USAID GPL also provided information on the project’s support for the wildlife friendly organic IBIS Rice program, which protects wildlife and habitat and U.S. Ambassador Reception December 17, 2019 improves community livelihoods. USAID GPL Deputy Chief of Party met with H.E. Rith Vuthy, Deputy Secretary General of Council for the Development of Council for Development of Cambodia and Cambodia Council for the Rehabilitation and Development Board, to Development of Council discuss the USAID GPL project and to get the for Development of letter to request for car tax exemption for the Cambodia and Cambodia car number plate. USAID GPL also provided Rehabilitation and an update on the project and the process of Development Board Meeting December 19, 2019 our payment to government officials.

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

Curtesy and protected area zoning meeting with the Deputy Governor of Preah Vihear province, with participation from the Preah Preah Vihear Provincial Vihear PDoE Director and Prey Lang Wildlife Governor Meeting December 25, 2019 Sanctuary Director. Ministry of Environment (MoE), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF) Forestry Administration Site visit to Think Biotech to view/destroy (FA), Stung Treng illegal logging trails between the concession Provincial Department of and Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary and observe Environment (PDoE) Site Visit January 14, 2020 their forest production efforts. MAFF Fisheries Administration (FiA), USAID GPL provided information to FiA and Food and Agriculture FAO on adaptation of SMART Mobile and Organization of the handheld technology to support FiA to use United Nations (FAO) Meeting January 24, 2020 SMART Connect. Discuss partnership and collaboration between USAID GPL and MoE; follow up on progress of protected area zoning and demarcation, CEMIS-PAMP, and other technical collaborations; and prepare 70th anniversary partnership collaboration MoE Meeting January 29, 2020 between USG and RGC to be held in April. Extractive Industries Governance Forum (EIGF) Meeting January 31, 2020 Discuss and develop EIGF strategy for 2020. Discuss USAID GPL communications and events support for MoE with H.E. Chuop MoE General Paris, Director General of MoE GDEKI, Department of including youth debate, ranger incentive, eco- Environmental school dissemination workshop, early Knowledge and childhood environmental education book, and Information (GDEKI) Meeting February 5, 2020 Earth Day. Share USAID GPL law enforcement tool kit, experiences, and lessons learned to inform the Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Project (CSLEP) law enforcement World Bank, MoE Meeting February 6, 2020 activities.

Prepare for youth camping event scheduled MoE Meeting February 7, 2020 for February 14, 2020. U.S. Embassy in 2nd USAID GPL Steering Committee Meeting Cambodia, MoE, to obtain endorsement from the committee Kampong Thom PDoE, for the Protected Area Monitoring Platform Stung Treng PDoE, (PAMP) and the establishment of SMART Kratie PDoE, Preah Connect Working Group that would be led Vihear PDoE Meeting February 10, 2020 by MoE and to provide clarification on the

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

deployment of rugged smartphone units and their role in the establishment of SMART Connect for PDoE and MoE Environmental Round Table with the U.S. Ambassador to ensure U.S. Ambassador has an understanding of the environmental USAID, U.S. Embassy, situation and biodiversity conservation and RECOFTC, Community the social and political situation in Preah Empowerment Vihear province and facilitate open discussion Development Team and build rapport with through discussion (CEDT), Sansom Mlup about the 70th anniversary of diplomatic ties Prey (SMP) Meeting February 12, 2020 between the United States and Cambodia. Discuss USAID GPL and Preah Vihear PDoE partnership, prepare for the February 17, 2020, SMART training, and inform PDoE of the transition period for the USAID GPL Preah Vihear landscape office Landscape Preah Vihear PDoE Meeting February 12, 2020 Manager. Discussion of possible collaboration between Ministry of Women’s USAID GPL and MOWA and identify Affairs (MOWA) Meeting February 14, 2020 MOWA areas of need. First MoE youth camping event at Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, Kampong Thom province, MoE, Kampong Thom to celebrate the protection of Prey Lang and Provincial Governor, raise awareness of conservation. The event PDoE (Kampong Thom, was organized on Valentine’s Day so people Kratie, Preah Vihear, could express their love of the forest. USAID Stung Treng), Sandan GPL provided support for the CPA District Governor, communities around Prey Lang to attend the commune chiefs, youth event, in part for the networking opportunity from MoE, and members as well as to build awareness in CPA from 19 community communities for conservation and forest protected areas (CPAs) Event February 14, 2020 protection. Discussion of collaboration opportunities World Health between USAID GPL and WHO Cambodia Organization (WHO) on malaria elimination activities in the Prey Cambodia Meeting February 18, 2020 Lang Extended Landscape (PLEL). National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development (NCDD), Ministry of Interior (MoI), district and National train the trainer training on provincial mainstreaming climate change and gender representatives from 19 into subnational development. PLEL provinces Training February 19, 2020 Assessment findings were disseminated. 109th anniversary event to celebrate International Women’s Day at MoE, presided over by H.E. Mrs. Men Som An, Deputy MoE Forum February 21, 2020 Prime Minister and Minister of Ministry of

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

National Assembly-Senate Relations and Inspection.

Courtesy meeting with the Chey Saen District Governor, Preah Vihear Province, to introduce new USAID GPL team members, provide an overview of the USAID GPL project, and seek collaboration and support Chey Saen District for USAID GPL implementation in Prey Lang Governor Meeting February 24, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary. Courtesy meeting with the Governor, Preah Vihear Province, to introduce new USAID GPL team members, provide an overview of the USAID GPL project, and seek collaboration and support Rovieng District for USAID GPL implementation in Prey Lang Governor Meeting February 25, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary. Field visit for USAID Climate Risk Management (CRM) case study, at Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park and Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary in Preah Vihear province, to gain an improved understanding of how climate risks to USAID activities are being management as part of USAID GPL implementation, the strengths and weaknesses of the CRM policy in supporting climate resilient development, and how support for the CRM policy can be USAID Site Visit February 26, 2020 strengthened. Updated PDoE Director on USAID GPL progress in the Preah Vihear Landscape and inform about the challenges and discuss next Preah Vihear PDoE Meeting February 26, 2020 steps. MoE General Monthly meeting on law enforcement for Department of Stung Treng province to follow up on Administration for progress from the previous month’s planning Nature Conservation and status of illegal land reclamation and and Protection develop the next month’s work plan. In (GDANCP), Stung Treng addition, USAID GPL distributed 6 rugged PDoE, Conservation smartphones for Stung Treng rangers and CI- International (CI) Meeting March 3, 2020 Mitsui delivered five motorbikes. Preah Vihear Deputy Governor and PDoE, Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary, Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park, Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary, Kulen Discuss USAID GPL project progress and Promtep Wildlife achievements, including support for CPA Sanctuary Meeting March 11, 2020 patrols and joint patrols.

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

Preah Vihear Provincial Meeting April 24, 2020 Intervention with provincial and district Department of administrations to prevent wildlife poisonings Environment (PDoE); in Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary. Preah Vihear Provincial Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (PDAFF) Ministry of Environment Meeting May 12, 2020 National consultation on PLEL Assessment (MoE) report.

Preah Vihear Deputy Meeting May 15, 2020 Discussion and update on USAID GPL Provincial Governor, project implementation and collaboration on Preah Vihear PDoE upcoming activities. Preah Vihear PDoE and Meeting May 15, 2020 Reflect on protected area and CPA law Protected Area enforcement, CPA development, livelihood Directors development, and further action plan; share information and strengthen cooperation with partners. MoE GDANCP, CI, Meeting May 20, 2020 Quarterly REDD+ meeting. Mitsui

MoE, Kampong Thom, Workshop May 28, 2020 First consultation workshop to address Preah Vihear, Kratie, zoning, demarcation, management plan Stung Treng, Siem Reap development, and state land registration with PDoE the new national and provincial working groups. Kampong Thom Meeting May 29, 2020 Discussion and update on USAID GPL Provincial Governor, project implementation and collaboration on Kampong Thom PDoE upcoming activities. MoE Meeting June 3, 2020 Discussion with H.E. Neth Pheaktra, MoE Secretary of State, to prepare for upcoming media trip to Prey Lang Extended Landscape. National Committee for Meeting June 4, 2020 Discussion and finalization of work agreement Sub-National Democratic between USAID GPL and NCDD. Development (NCDD) MoE Meeting June 5, 2020 Discussion with H.E. Mom Thany on training of trainer training on gender in the environmental sector. MoE General Media Site June 9-10, 2020 MoE and media visit to USAID GPL project Department of Visit activity sites in the Prey Lang Extended Administration for Landscape, which focused on Preah Vihear Nature Conservation and and the Northern Tonle Sap Protected Protection (GDANCP), Landscape. General Department of Environmental Knowledge and Information Kampong Thom Meeting June 10, 2020 Stung Chinit River Basin Management Provincial Governor, Secretariat meeting. PDoWRAM, PDoE, PDoME, Stung Chinit

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

Watershed Management Committee

Kampong Thom FA, Meeting June 12, 2020 Stung Chinit Upstream Committee meeting PDAFF, PDoE, Stung to review Stung Chinit watershed Chinit Watershed management action plan. Management Committee Kampong Thom PDoE Workshop June 15, 2020 Annual adaptive management planning for Kampong Thom province.

Preah Vihear PDoE Workshop June 16, 2020 Annual adaptive management planning for Preah Vihear province.

Stung Treng PDoE Workshop June 17, 2020 Annual adaptive management planning for Stung Treng province.

U.S. Ambassador, USAID Site Visit June 18-21, 2020 Site visit to Kratie and Stung Treng provinces Cambodia to visit USAID GPL project activities and meet with local authorities and communities. Kratie PDoE Workshop June 19, 2020 Annual adaptive management planning for Kratie province.

MoE, Kampong Thom, Meeting June 26, 2020 First meeting of the Kampong Thom zoning Siem Reap PDoE and demarcation working group to disseminate the working group’s terms of reference and develop an action plan Preah Vihear PDoE, Meeting June 30, 2020 Monthly provincial level protected area Protected Area Offices management meeting.

MoE General Department of Environmental Protection, General Department of Local Community, GDANCP, Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary, Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park, Phnom Thnout- Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary, Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary, Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary, Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, Meeting to distribute malaria prevention Preah Vihear Provincial materials to CPAs and rangers and CPA Government Meeting July 10, 2020 patrol materials to CPAs.

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Institution(s) Type Date Description

Management meeting to discuss construction Kratie PDoE Office of of the ranger training center and Wildlife Sanctuary Meeting July 16, 2020 establishment of mobile outposts. Preah Vihear PDoE, Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary, Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary, Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary, Phnom Monthly meeting to reflect on progress, Tbaeng Natural Heritage address issues and challenges in protected Park Meeting July 30, 2020 area management and law enforcement. Forum led by MoE and attended by CPAs, PDoE, and NGO partners to address the challenges of tourism during the COVID-19 MoE Forum July 31, 2020 pandemic. Jesuit Service Cambodia, Cambodia Youth Meeting to discuss the JSC-CYN technical Network, USAID report on forest cover change detection in Cambodia Meeting August 28, 2020 Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. Preah Vihear Provincial Government, PDoE, Prey Field visit for provincial government to visit Lang Wildlife Sanctuary mobile law enforcement outpost in Prey Lang Office, Preah Vihear Site Visit August 31, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary. Field visit to assess the progress of USAID GPL project implementation in the field and learn about the challenges facing project implementation. Visit to Tangyou CPA ecotourism community, mobile checkpoints between Phnom Thnout and Prey Lang, Bangkan Senchey CPA, cashew nut processing factory in Kampong Thom, reforested area at Prey Khum Sochet CF, and USAID Site Visit September 11, 2020 SRP members.

Meeting to discuss collaboration between MoT, Stung Treng PDoE Meeting September 14, 2020 USAID GPL and MoT and Stung Treng PDoT.

Presentation by USAID GPL on response to USAID Meeting September 25, 2020 COVID-19.

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Communications with Key Government Counterparts During FY20, USAID GPL sent 223 letters to key government counterparts requesting their support. TABLE 3: KEY COUNTERPART COMMUNICATION

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to join annual work planning for Sambour Prey Kok Acknowledged ecotourism Kampong Thom receipt by intended November 4, 2019 community. Director PDoE recipient Request to provide the opening remarks at law enforcement Acknowledged training and issue H.E Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended November 5, 2019 certification. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request to the Director of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary to join a joint patrol Acknowledged agreement receipt by intended November 5, 2019 meeting. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request to the Director of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary to join a joint patrol Acknowledged agreement Kampong Thom receipt by intended November 5, 2019 meeting. Director PDoE recipient Request to facilitate annual work planning for Koh Acknowledged Samseb ecotourism receipt by intended November 18, 2019 community. Director Kratie PDoT recipient Invitation to district governor or representative to join in annual work planning and joint patrol agreement in Prey Lang Wildlife Acknowledged Sanctuary in Kratie receipt by intended November 18, 2019 province. District Governor Hall recipient Request for a district governor or a representative to Acknowledged join in annual work Thala Barivat receipt by intended November 18, 2019 planning for Phnom District Governor District Hall recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Chum Rok Sat (Chhvang) and Borey Ou Svay ecotourism communities. Request to the district governor or one representative to attend a to draft a joint patrol agreement in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, Acknowledged Kampong Thom receipt by intended November 18, 2019 province. District Governor Sandan District Hall recipient Request for 6 rangers to join a law enforcement training for Prey Acknowledged Lang Wildlife receipt by intended November 20, 2019 Sanctuary. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for 6 rangers to join a law enforcement training for Prey Acknowledged Lang Wildlife receipt by intended November 20, 2019 Sanctuary. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request for 6 rangers to join a law enforcement training for Prey Acknowledged Lang Wildlife Kampong Thom receipt by intended November 20, 2019 Sanctuary. Director PDoE recipient Request for discussion of cooperation H.E. Keo Omaliss, Acknowledged between USAID GPL Director General of receipt by intended November 22, 2019 and FA. FA MAFF recipient Request for two representatives to join the Itinerary Marketing Promotion Workshop on December 2, 2019, Acknowledged in Stung Treng Kampong Thom receipt by intended November 25, 2019 province. Director PDoE recipient Request for an Acknowledged invitation for 4 Kampong Thom receipt by intended November 26, 2019 officials and 7 Director PDoE recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status rangers to join in drafting the annual work plan for Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, Kampong Thom province. Request for an invitation for 4 officials and 5 rangers of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary to join in drafting the annual work plan for Prey Lang Wildlife Acknowledged Sanctuary, Kratie receipt by intended November 28, 2019 province. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for one representative to join the Itinerary Marketing Promotion Workshop from December 2, 2019, Director of Acknowledged in Stung Treng Ecotourism Product receipt by intended December 2, 2019 province. Development Stung Treng PDoT recipient Request for Director of Product Development Office to join an international study tour to ecotourism sites in northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces) Mr. Kean Sopheap, Acknowledged December 2 to 9, Director of Product Kampong Thom receipt by intended December 21, 2019 2019. Development Office PDoT recipient Request for Director of Product Development Office to join an international study tour to ecotourism sites in northern Thailand (Chiang Mr. An Phou Sern, Acknowledged Mai and Chiang Rai Director of Product receipt by intended December 21, 2019 provinces) Development Office Stung Treng PDoT recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status December 2 to 9, 2019. Request for Director of Community Development Office to join an international study tour to ecotourism sites in northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai Mr. Eng Sovan, provinces) Director of Acknowledged December 2 to 9, Community Kampong Thom receipt by intended December 21, 2019 2019. Development Office PDoE recipient Request for Director of Office Environmental Protection Agency to join an international study tour to ecotourism sites in northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai Mrs. Phorn Danaet, provinces) Director of Office Acknowledged December 2 to 9, Environmental receipt by intended December 21, 2019 2019. Protection Agency Kratie PDoE recipient Request for Director of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary to join an international study tour to ecotourism sites in northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai Mr. Heng Teklay, provinces) Director of Prey Acknowledged December 2 to 9, Lang Wildlife receipt by intended December 21, 2019 2019. Sanctuary Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request for Director to join an international study tour to ecotourism sites in northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces) Acknowledged December 2 to 9, Mr. Chuob Rotan, receipt by intended December 21, 2019 2019. Director Kratie PDoT recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for a Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary patrol work plan meeting Acknowledged for USAID GPL Year H.E. Sao Sopheap receipt by intended December 24, 2019 Two. Secretary of State MoE recipient H.E. Chhoup Paris, Director General of Request for a GDKEI and meeting about the Chairman of the Acknowledged REDD+ program and REDD + National receipt by intended December 26, 2019 harmonization. Working Group MoE recipient Request for a meeting about the H.E. Keo Omaliss, Acknowledged REDD+ program and Director General of receipt by intended December 26, 2019 harmonization. FA MAFF recipient Invitation to join H.E. Say Sam Al, Acknowledged site visit to Think Ministry of receipt by intended January 8, 2020 Biotech Concession. Environment MoE recipient He personally joined the site visit Invitation to join with Office Chief of site visit to Think Mr. Chhay Prey Lang Wildlife Biotech Doungsavuth, Sanctuary and January 8, 2020 Concession. Director Kratie PDoE rangers. Three Prey Lang Invitation to join Wildlife Sanctuary site visit to Think rangers were Biotech Mr. Eng Phirong, assigned to join the January 8, 2020 Concession. Director Stung Treng PDoE visit. Mr. Khorn Sareth, H.E. Veng Sakhon, Deputy Director Invitation to join Minister of General of FA was site visit to Think Agriculture, signed to lead FA Biotech Forestry and officials joining this January 8, 2020 Concession. Fisheries MAFF visit. Mr. Khorn Sareth, Deputy Director Invitation to join General of FA was site visit to Think H.E. Keo Omaliss, signed to lead FA Biotech Director General of officials joining this January 8, 2020 Concession. FA FA visit. Chief of Invitation to join Administration was site visit to Think H.E. Va Than, signed to join this Biotech Provincial Governor Kratie Provincial visit on Jan 14, January 8, 2020 Concession. of Kratie Administration 2020. Invitation to join Acknowledged site visit to Think receipt by intended January 8, 2020 Biotech Concession. Director Kratie PDoE recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Chief of Invitation to join Administration was site visit to Think H.E. Mom Saroeun, Stung Treng signed to join this Biotech Provincial Governor Provincial visit on Jan 14, January 8, 2020 Concession. of Stung Treng Administration 2020. Invitation to join Acknowledged site visit to Think receipt by intended January 8, 2020 Biotech Concession. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Invitation to join Acknowledged site visit to Think receipt by intended January 8, 2020 Biotech Concession. Director Stung Treng PDAFF recipient Request for MoE’s support to speed up the establishment of National Technical Working Group on Zoning and Demarcation of Four National Prey Lang Wildlife Working Groups Sanctuary and on Zoning and Phnom Thnout- Demarcation were Phnom Pok Wildlife H.E. Sao Sopheap, officially established January 21, 2020 Sanctuary. Secretary of State MoE on March 16, 2020. Submission of GPL was called for Blackview the meeting on Distribution Plan H.E. Sao Sopheap, February 10, 2020 January 31, 2020 for MoE’s approval. Secretary of State MoE to present the plan. Inviting 35 Ranger 37 Ranger Team Team Leaders to Leaders were attend SMART Mr. Song assigned to attend Mobile User Chansocheat, this training on Feb 5, 2020 Training. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE February 17, 2020. Inviting Ranger 16 Ranger Team Team Leaders to Leaders were attend Refresher assigned to attend Training on SMART Mr. Top Kakada, Kampong Thom this training on Feb 12, 2020 Mobile. Director PDoE February 19, 2020. Inviting Ranger 10 Ranger Team Team Leaders to Leaders were attend SMART Mr. Chhay assigned to attend Mobile User Doungsavuth, this training on Feb 12, 2020 Training. Director Kratie PDoE February 21, 2020. Inviting 3 rangers to attend Wildlife Three rangers were Monitoring and assigned to this Camera Trapping Mr. Top Kakada, Kampong Thom training from March March 2 2020 Training. Director PDoE 5-6, 2020. Inviting 3 rangers to attend Wildlife Three rangers were Monitoring and assigned to this Camera Trapping Mr. Eng Phirong, training from March March 2, 2020 Training. Director Stung Treng PDoE 5-6, 2020.

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Inviting 3 rangers to attend Wildlife Three rangers were Monitoring and Mr. Song assigned to this Camera Trapping Chansocheat, training from March March 2 2020 Training. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE 5-6, 2020. Requesting for a meeting to discuss The provincial and update USAID governor assigned GPL project H.E. Prak Sovann, Preah Vihear deputy governors activities in Preah Provincial Governor Provincial to meet on March March 4, 2020 Vihear. of Preah Vihear Administration 11, 2020. Request for MoE’s support for import GPL obtained tax exemption for import tax 90 units of exemption for 90 Blackview 5900 units of Blackview rugged H.E. Sao Sopheap, 5900 rugged March 6, 2020 smartphones. Secretary of State MoE smartphones. Request MoE’s approval to deploy camera traps in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary, Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary, Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary, and Phnom Tbaeng H.E. Say Samal, Natural Heritage Minister of Approval was March 16, 2020 Park. Environment MoE obtained. Submission of PLEL Assessment: Climate Change Vulnerability and Biodiversity Threats Assessment for MoE’s review, comment, and H.E. Sao Sopheap, March 31, 2020 finalization. Secretary of State MoE Awaiting follow up. Request for cooperation with the Chief of the Local Community Office of the Kampong Thom PDoE for shooting a short video of a Conservation Chat on the development Acknowledged of CPAs in North Kampong Thom receipt by intended April 1, 2020 Tonle Sap. Director PDoE recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Submission to the MoE the draft Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for law enforcement in PLEL and the draft COVID-19 Operations and Management Policy for the operation of park rangers and request for updates of organizing the workshop on Protected Area Acknowledged Data Model for H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended April 2, 2020 SMART. Secretary of State MoE recipient Submission of USAID GPL’s Y2Q1 Acknowledged Progress Report of H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended April 3, 2020 Fiscal Year 2020. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request for interventions to prevent the use of chemical poisonous substances and nets for wildlife hunting and poaching at natural ponds (trapeangs) inside Acknowledged Chhaeb and Kulen receipt by intended April 10, 2020 Promtep. Provincial Governor Preah Vihear PDoE recipient National Center for Request for anti- Parasitology, malaria bed and Dr. Huy Rekol, Entomology and Confirmed on April 16, 2020 hammock nets. Director Malaria Control request Request for a consultation meeting with the Preah Vihear Provincial Governor and Acting PDoE Director on the progress of the H.E Sou Serey, Preah Vihear Acknowledged USAID GPL Deputy Provincial Provincial receipt by intended May 7, 2020 program. Governor Government recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request inviting the Governor of Sandan District or his representative and the Chiefs of Sandan, Mean Rith, and Sochet communes to a meeting to discuss findings from an assessment involving 7 CFs and provide Kampong Thom Acknowledged recommendations Provincial receipt by intended May 12, 2020 for ways forward. Provincial Governor Government recipient Request for organizing and participating in a meeting to discuss findings from an assessment involving 7 CFs and provide Acknowledged recommendations Chief of Forest receipt by intended May 12, 2020 for ways forward. Administration Kampong Thom FA recipient Request for spatial data on forest cover and land use 2018 and 2019 for Acknowledged USAID GPL’s H.E. Say Sam Al, receipt by intended May 13, 2020 official use. Minister MoE recipient Initial assessment with stakeholders on COVID-19 adverse impacts on the community H.E. Sao Sopheap, Confirmed on May 13, 2020 livelihoods. Secretary of State MoE request Request for participation of one park ranger in deploying and activating camera Acknowledged traps in Prey Lang, receipt by intended May 13, 2020 Stung Treng. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request for inviting one official to participate in a meeting to offer capacity building and provide Acknowledged technical support in Kampong Thom receipt by intended May 15, 2020 the process of Director PDoWRM recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status collecting data on land identification of Okranhak FWUC.

Request for meeting with the Director or representative of Stung Treng PDoE to understand the situation and collect data of COVID-19 adverse impacts on the community Acknowledged livelihoods and receipt by intended May 18, 2020 natural resources. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request for participation of park rangers in deploying and activating camera traps in Acknowledged Prey Lang, Preah receipt by intended May 19, 2020 Vihear. Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request for review and approval for the grant agreement Acknowledged between the USAID H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended May 20, 2020 GPL and MoE. Secretary of State MoE recipient Notification of delaying consultation meeting on findings from the CF assessment conducted with 7 CFs for providing recommendations Kampong Thom Acknowledged for future Provincial receipt by intended May 21, 2020 intervention. Provincial Governor Government recipient Request for review and endorsement for educational materials on Acknowledged poisoning wildlife in H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended May 22, 2020 PLEL. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request for review and approval for the grant agreement Acknowledged between the USAID H.E. Veng Sakhon, receipt by intended May 22, 2020 GPL and MAFF. Minister MAFF recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for a consultation meeting on the progress of USAID GPL interventions and protected zoning, demarcation, state land registration, and management plan development in Kampong Thom Acknowledged Kampong Thom Provincial receipt by intended May 25, 2020 protected areas. Provincial Governor Government recipient Notification on USAID GPL’s financial grants for OFO, FFI, WA, Acknowledged RECOFTC, and H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended May 28, 2020 CRDT. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request for participation of two park rangers in checking camera traps, downloading imagery data, and changing memory Mr. Song Acknowledged cards in Prey Lang, Chansocheat, receipt by intended June 1, 2020 Preah Vihear. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request for participation of two park rangers in deploying and activating camera Acknowledged traps in Prey Lang, receipt by intended June 1, 2020 Kratie. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for inviting the committee members of the Stung Chinit Upstream Watershed Working Group and FA staff to a consultation meeting on findings from the CF assessment conducted with 7 CFs for providing recommendations Kampong Thom Acknowledged for future Provincial receipt by intended June 1, 2020 intervention. Provincial Governor Government recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for participation of two park rangers in deploying and activating camera Acknowledged traps in Prey Lang, receipt by intended June 1, 2020 Stung Treng. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request for discussion of organizing a first meeting of the working group on protected area zoning, demarcation, state land registration, and management plan development in Acknowledged Kampong Thom Kampong Thom receipt by intended June 1, 2020 protected areas. Director PDoE recipient Request for participation of His Excellency and other high-ranking officials of MoE and the management of Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provincial administration and PDoE in a field visit to understand the implementation of the IBIS Rice program and vulture censuses in Preah Vihear protected areas and the conservation of Bengal Florican in North Tonle Sap, H.E. Neth Pheaktra, Confirmed on June 3, 2020 Kampong Thom. Secretary of State MoE request Request for participation of His Excellency and other high-ranking officials of MoE and the management of Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provincial administration and H.E. Sao Sopheap, Confirmed on June 3, 2020 PDoE in a field visit Secretary of State MoE request

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status to understand the implementation of the IBIS Rice program and vulture censuses in Preah Vihear protected areas and the conservation of Bengal Florican in North Tonle Sap, Kampong Thom. Request for permission from His Excellency for (1) cooperating with the Preah Vihear, Kampong Thom, and Kratie PDoE to organize training on drone utilization and (2) allowing USAID GPL staff at the provincial level to use drone to support the four Acknowledged PDoE’s urgent and H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended June 4, 2020 important activities. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a study visit about sustainable management of FWUCs in Siem Reap and Banteay Acknowledged Meanchey Commune Chief Tang Krasang receipt by intended June 4, 2020 provinces. Council Commune Council recipient Request for inviting the Governor or any representative of the district administration to participate in a study visit about sustainable management of FWUCs in Siem Reap and Banteay Acknowledged Meanchey receipt by intended June 4, 2020 provinces. District Governor Hall recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a study visit about sustainable management of FWUCs in Siem Reap and Banteay Acknowledged Meanchey Commune Chief Mean Rith receipt by intended June 4, 2020 provinces. Council Commune Council recipient Request for inviting the Governor or any representative of the district administration to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for the Kratie Sambour District receipt by intended June 8, 2020 PLWS. District Governor Hall recipient Request for inviting chief and officers of the Local Community Bureau, chief and officers of the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary Bureau, and chiefs of ranger stations to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for Prey Lang, receipt by intended June 8, 2020 Kratie. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune and chiefs of ranger stations to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for Prey Lang, Commune Chief Boeng Char receipt by intended June 8, 2020 Kratie. Council Commune Council recipient Request for inviting the Governor or any representative of the district Acknowledged administration to receipt by intended June 8, 2020 participate in a District Governor Sandan District Hall recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Kampong Thom province. Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Acknowledged Kampong Thom Commune Chief Dang Kambet receipt by intended June 8, 2020 province. Council Commune Council recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Acknowledged Kampong Thom Commune Chief Baray Commune receipt by intended June 8, 2020 province. Council Council recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Acknowledged Kampong Thom Commune Chief Mean Rith receipt by intended June 8, 2020 province. Council Commune Council recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to Acknowledged participate in a Commune Chief Ngan Commune receipt by intended June 8, 2020 reflection meeting Council Council recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Kampong Thom province. Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Acknowledged Kampong Thom Commune Chief Sochet Commune receipt by intended June 8, 2020 province. Council Council recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for Prey Lang, Commune Chief Anlong Chrey receipt by intended June 8, 2020 Stung Treng. Council Commune Council recipient Request for inviting the chief or any representative of the commune to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for Prey Lang, Thala Barivat receipt by intended June 8, 2020 Stung Treng. District Governor District Hall recipient Request for inviting the Governor or any representative of the district administration to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for Prey Lang, Siem Bouk District receipt by intended June 8, 2020 Stung Treng. District Governor Hall recipient Request for inviting the chief or any Acknowledged representative of Commune Chief Anlong Phe receipt by intended June 8, 2020 the commune to Council Commune Council recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Stung Treng. Request for inviting chief and officers of the Local Community Bureau, chief and officers of the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary Bureau, and chiefs of ranger stations to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work Acknowledged plan for Prey Lang, receipt by intended June 8, 2020 Stung Treng. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request for inviting chief and officers of the Local Community Bureau (2 persons) and chief and officers of the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary Bureau and chiefs of ranger stations (14 persons) to participate in a reflection meeting on the annual work plan for Prey Lang, Beng Per, Prey Angtaen, and North Tonle Sap, Acknowledged Kampong Thom Kampong Thom receipt by intended June 8, 2020 province. Director PDoE recipient Request for a consultation meeting on organizing an annual work plan reflection meeting and another meeting of the Technical Working Group on protected area zoning and Acknowledged boundary receipt by intended June 8, 2020 demarcation in Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Stung Treng province.

Request for a consultation meeting on progress of the USAID GPL program and work plans for protected area zoning, boundary demarcation, state land registration, and management plan development in Stung Treng Acknowledged Stung Treng Provincial receipt by intended June 8, 2020 protected areas. Provincial Governor Government recipient Request for inviting 2 Deputy Directors of PDoE, namely Mr. Oang Bunthoeun and Mr. Pen Thearath, to participate in an annual work plan reflection meeting for the PLWS, BPWS, Prey Angtaen, and Acknowledged NTSPL of Kampong Kampong Thom receipt by intended June 10, 2020 Thom province. Director PDoE recipient Request for Deputy Provincial Governor’s support to invite commune councils and CPAs to attend a workshop to review the achievements of Year 2 and develop H.E Sou Serey, Preah Vihear Acknowledged a work plan for Deputy Provincial Provincial receipt by intended June 12, 2020 Year 3. Governor Government recipient Request for establishing 3 Kids Eco Clubs including one at Hun Sen Kampong Thom Tuol Damnak Provincial Secondary School in Department of Acknowledged , one Education, Youth, receipt by intended June 12, 2020 at Kraya High Director and Sport recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status School in Prasat Ballangk district, and one at Svay Primary School in Prasat Ballangk district. Notification on the schedule to provide local communities and authorities with additional knowledge of environmental issues to enable their participation in monitoring of investments in PLEL Acknowledged as well as decision H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended June 15, 2020 making process. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request for participation of FA staff in undertaking an assessment of Sochet CF in order Acknowledged to formulate a plan Chief of Forest receipt by intended June 15, 2020 for reforestation. Administration Kampong Thom FA recipient Request for participation of 2 park directors in exchanging memory card and camera trap installation in Prey Lang Wildlife Acknowledged Sanctuary in Kratie receipt by intended June 19, 2020 province. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for review and approval for the grant agreement between the USAID GPL and Kampong Kampong Thom Acknowledged Thom Provincial Deputy Provincial Provincial receipt by intended June 29, 2020 Governor. Governor Government recipient Notification on the plan to provide additional knowledge on the environment and the full Acknowledged participation of the H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended June 29, 2020 community and Secretary of State MoE recipient

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Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status local authorities in the target provinces. Request for review and approval for the grant agreement between the USAID GPL and Kampong H.E. Chan Dara, Kampong Thom Acknowledged Thom provincial Deputy Provincial Provincial receipt by intended June 29, 2020 administration. Governor Government recipient Request for review and approval for the grant agreement between USAID GPL and Kampong Kampong Thom Acknowledged Thom Provincial Provincial receipt by intended July 1, 2020 Government. Provincial Governor Government recipient

Request for H.E. Sao Sopheap comments on the and H.E. Meas Acknowledged USAID GPL Y1 Sopheap, Secretary receipt by intended July 2, 2020 report. of State MoE recipient Request for comments on the Acknowledged USAID GPL Y1 receipt by intended July 2, 2020 report. NCDD recipient Request for participation of commune chief or representative in Acknowledged incinerator Kreang Commune receipt by intended July 3, 2020 installation. Commune Chief Council recipient Request for participation of commune chief or representative in Acknowledged incinerator receipt by intended July 3, 2020 installation. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for participation of commune chief or representative in Acknowledged incinerator Sambour Commune receipt by intended July 3, 2020 installation. Commune Chief Council recipient Request for participation of commune chief or representative in Acknowledged incinerator receipt by intended July 3, 2020 installation. Director Kratie PDoT recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 80

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Investment Planning Office of Kampong Thom Province to be a trainer to provide training on the process of building commune investment programs and commune development planning process to commune councils. CFs and CPAs and facilitate the appointment of a technical officer to support the communes of Sandan district to Kampong Thom Acknowledged participate in the Provincial receipt by intended July 3, 2020 training. Provincial Governor Government recipient Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Dang Kambet receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Sandan Commune receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Council recipient Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Sochet Commune receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Council recipient Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Mean Rith receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request for a meeting with director or representative in responsible for Acknowledged zoning and receipt by intended July 3, 2020 demarcation. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for a meeting with director or representative in responsible for Acknowledged zoning and receipt by intended July 3, 2020 demarcation. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 81

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Tuol Kreul receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Kraya Commune receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Council recipient Request to attend the handover of Acknowledged field equipment to Baray Commune receipt by intended July 3, 2020 CPA. Commune Chief Council recipient Request for participation of one park ranger to check and change the memory card and camera trap in Prey Lang Wildlife Acknowledged Sanctuary, Kratie receipt by intended July 6, 2020 province. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for participation of two park rangers to check and change the memory card and camera trap in Prey Lang Wildlife Acknowledged Sanctuary, Stung receipt by intended July 6, 2020 Treng province. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Invitation to two rangers to inspect camera traps, download data, change memory cards and batteries in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, Mr. Song Acknowledged Preah Vihear Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 6, 2020 province. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request to commune chief or representative to attend the handover Acknowledged of field equipment Anlong Phe receipt by intended July 8, 2020 to CPA. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request to district governor or representative to attend the handover Acknowledged of field equipment Thala Barivat receipt by intended July 8, 2020 to CPA. District Governor District Hall recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 82

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to commune chief or representative to attend the handover Acknowledged of field equipment Anlong Chrey receipt by intended July 8, 2020 to CPA. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request for a discussion about USAID GPL project implementation in Acknowledged Kang Cham Kang Cham receipt by intended July 8, 2020 commune. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Invitation to representatives of departments and technical officers to join the community working group of WCS Green Forest Project in Preah Vihear to organize the meeting on the process of inspecting those who violate the statute, marketing network, and consulting on the Mr. Song Acknowledged organization of Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 8, 2020 CPAs. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request for a PDoE ranger to join for installation of camera trap in the Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife receipt by intended July 13, 2020 Sanctuary in Kratie. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Invitation for training and review of smart mobile phone usage for rangers and park directors in the nine protected Mr. Song Acknowledged areas in Preah Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 13, 2020 Vihear. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient

Request for the acting director to appoint two deputy chiefs, two deputy chiefs of the Local Mr. Song Acknowledged Community Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 13, 2020 Development Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 83

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Bureau, and two deputy directors of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary to coordinate the drafting of the eight community regulations of Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community Ou Svay Commune receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Commune Chief Council recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community Ou Krieng receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community Sambour Commune receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Commune Chief Council recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community Sam Ang Commune receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Chief Commune Council recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community Mean Rith receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Director Kratie PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 84

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community National Authority receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Director Sambour Prey Kok recipient Request to invite the commune chief or 1 representative to visit the study on ecotourism Acknowledged community Kampong Thom receipt by intended July 14, 2020 management. Director PDoT recipient Request for cooperation and to hold a meeting to discuss the findings to agree on the location, size, and responsibilities in Forestry the reforestation of Administration in Acknowledged Prey Khum Sochet Kampong Thom receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CF. Director (Sandan District) recipient Invitation to commune or district chief and commune clerk to attend the training on investment program development process, commune / district investment program and commune / district development planning process for communes, Acknowledged districts, CFs, and Meant Rith receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CPAs. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 85

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Invitation to commune or district chief and commune clerk to attend the training on investment program development process, commune / district investment program and commune / district development planning process for communes, Acknowledged districts, CFs, and Ngan Commune receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CPAs. Commune Chief Council recipient Invitation to commune or district chief and commune clerk to attend the training on investment program development process, commune / district investment program and commune / district development planning process for communes, Acknowledged districts, CFs, and Sochet Commune receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CPAs. Commune Chief Council recipient Invitation to commune or district chief and commune clerk to attend the training on investment program development process, commune / district investment program and commune / district development planning process for communes, Acknowledged districts, CFs, and receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CPAs. District Governor Sandan District Hall recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 86

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Invitation to commune or district chief and commune clerk to attend the training on investment program development process, commune / district investment program and commune / district development planning process for communes, Acknowledged districts, CFs, and Sandan Commune receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CPAs. Commune Chief Council recipient Invitation to commune or district chief and commune clerk to attend the training on investment program development process, commune / district investment program and commune / district development planning process for communes, Acknowledged districts, CFs, and Sochet Commune receipt by intended July 15, 2020 CPAs. Commune Chief Council recipient Invitation to the director or representative and 4 rangers to participate in the drone training from 28 to 30 July 2020, Acknowledged at Kampong Thom Kampong Thom receipt by intended July 15, 2020 PDoE. Director PDoE recipient Invitation to the director or representative and 4 rangers to participate in the drone training from 28 to 30 July 2020, Acknowledged at Kampong Thom receipt by intended July 15, 2020 PDoE. Director Kratie PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 87

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for simplified entry procedures to Cambodia on July 24, 2020, for the four family members of Matthew Edwardsen, verified expert residing and H.E. Prof. Mam Acknowledged working in Bunheng, Minister receipt by intended July 17, 2020 Cambodia. of Health Ministry of Health recipient Request for an invitation of two rangers to check on the camera trap and exchange memory card in the Prey Lang Wildlife Mr. Song Acknowledged Sanctuary in Preah Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 19, 2020 Vihear. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request for an invitation of two rangers to check on the camera trap and exchange memory card in the Prey Acknowledged Lang Wildlife receipt by intended July 19, 2020 Sanctuary in Kratie. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request to organize and invite the director of the department to preside over and invite the Deputy Director of the Wildlife Sanctuary, Protected Areas and Community Development Office of Preah Vihear PDoE to attend the monthly protected Mr. Song Acknowledged area management Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 22, 2020 meeting. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request to invite the acting director to lead the meeting and to invite the director of the bureau and the Mr. Song Acknowledged directors of the 9 Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 22, 2020 wildlife sanctuaries Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 88

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status to attend the meeting on the management of the protected area in July at the Preah Vihear PDoE.

Request to participate in the consultation meeting on the USAID GPL Y3 work plan and to invite the relevant representatives of the MoE, representatives of the PDoE, and the Acknowledged governors of the receipt by intended four provinces recipient, around Prey Lang H.E. Sao Sopheap, Confirmed on July 22, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary. Secretary of State MoE request Request for a meeting of discussion on USAID GPL Year 3 Work Plan with representatives from MoE, Acknowledged provincial governor, receipt by intended and deputy recipient, provincial governor H.E. Sao Sopheap, Confirmed on July 23, 2020 from PLEL. Secretary of State MOE request Submission of USAID GPL's Y2Q2 Acknowledged Progress Report of H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended July 23, 2020 Fiscal Year 2020. Secretary of State MoE recipient Invitation to 3 officers in charge of zoning and demarcation to participate in activities to disseminate information on the process and procedures for demarcation of border posts at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife Kampong Thom receipt by intended July 23, 2020 Sanctuary. Director PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 89

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Invitation to commune chief or one representative to participate in activities to disseminate information on the process and procedures for demarcation of border posts at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife Sandan Commune receipt by intended July 23, 2020 Sanctuary. Commune Chief Council recipient Invitation to commune chief or one representative to participate in activities to disseminate information on the process and procedures for demarcation of border posts at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife Dang Kambet receipt by intended July 23, 2020 Sanctuary. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Invitation to district governor or one representative to participate in activities to disseminate information on the process and procedures for demarcation of border posts at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife receipt by intended July 23, 2020 Sanctuary. District Governor Sandan District Hall recipient Request to invite the acting director to preside over and invite 19 park rangers of Preah Vihear PDoE to attend the training course on the use Mr. Song Acknowledged of drones from 8-10 Chansocheat, receipt by intended July 23, 2020 August 2020. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Submission the Draft PLEL Acknowledged Assessment of H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended July 28, 2020 Impacts of Climate Secretary of State MoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 90

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Change on Natural Resources in the PLEL.

Thank you for the meeting to discuss how to use technology and data sources for the study, monitoring, evaluation, and management of protected area systems in Cambodia dated H.E Say Sam Al, Acknowledged July 24, 2020, and Minister of receipt by intended July 28, 2020 next steps. Environment MoE recipient Request to organize a quarterly meeting on CPA development in and around Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary in Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, Kampong Thom, and Kratie provinces, and facilitate the Kampong Thom Acknowledged invitation of Provincial receipt by intended July 28, 2020 participants. Provincial Governor Government recipient Acknowledgments for the meeting to discuss how to use technology and data sources for cost monitoring and management of protected areas in Cambodia on July H.E. Say Sam Al, Acknowledged 24, 2020, and next Minister of receipt by intended July 28, 2020 steps. Environment MoE recipient Invitation to the director or 1 professional officer to participate in promoting the protection of animal nests, waste management, and the impact of waste Stung Treng Acknowledged on the Provincial receipt by intended July 31, 2020 environment. Provincial Governor Government recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 91

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Outcome report approved by members of the protected areas management Mr. Song Acknowledged meeting of Preah Chansocheat, receipt by intended August 3, 2020 Vihear PDoE. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request by the Acting Director of the Department to appoint 2 professional officers to inspect the farmland and Mr. Song Acknowledged prepare land use Chansocheat, receipt by intended August 5, 2020 data for IBIS Rice. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request to invite 3 officers in charge of zoning and demarcation to participate in the meeting, reflecting on the materials and methods of disseminating information on the process and procedures for the demarcation of management areas, demarcation of border posts at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife Kampong Thom receipt by intended August 5, 2020 Sanctuary. Director PDoE recipient Requesting for visa Immigration Acknowledged extension for Mr. Department Phnom receipt by intended August 10, 2020 Edwardsen’s family. Penh recipient Requesting for visa Immigration Acknowledged extension for Mr. Department Phnom receipt by intended August 10, 2020 Edwardsen’s family. Penh recipient Requesting for visa Immigration Acknowledged extension for Mr. Department Phnom receipt by intended August 10, 2020 Edwardsen’s family. Penh recipient Request for participation of two park rangers for checking camera traps, downloading imagery data, and changing memory Acknowledged cards in Prey Lang receipt by intended August 12, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 92

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status in Stung Treng province.

Request for participation of two park rangers for checking camera traps, downloading imagery data, and changing memory cards in Prey Lang Acknowledged Wildlife Sanctuary receipt by intended August 12, 2020 in Kratie province. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request to facilitate the appointment of participants: 1. Mr. Ly Sreng Director of Wildlife Sanctuary Kampong Thom 2. Mr. Eng Sovann Director of Community-Based Organization in Kampong Thom 3. Director from each station, Chrok Tol, Ou Ngeav, Preah Atith, Hong Chomtet, Dey Krohorm, Ou P'av, Acknowledged Ou Kraper, and Kampong Thom receipt by intended August 14, 2020 Mom Bey. Director PDoE recipient Request to invite 8 officers in charge of patrols, director of wildlife sanctuary, and rangers (2 people from each station from Siem Bouk, Romdeng, Dong, and Spong) to participate in joint patrol planning between rangers Acknowledged and protected area receipt by intended August 24, 2020 community. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Invitation for commune chief or representative to Acknowledged participate in the Anlong Phe receipt by intended August 24, 2020 patrol work plan Commune Chief Commune Council recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 93

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status between ranger and community protected area.

Invitation for commune chief or representative to participate in the patrol work plan between ranger and Acknowledged community Anlong Chrey receipt by intended August 24, 2020 protected area. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Information on the funding support of USAID GPL to FFI, Acknowledged CRDT, and NTFP- receipt by intended August 25, 2020 EP. Deputy Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Information on the funding support of USAID GPL to FFI, Acknowledged CRDT, and NTFP- receipt by intended August 25, 2020 EP. Deputy Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Information on the funding support of USAID GPL to FFI, Acknowledged CRDT, and NTFP- receipt by intended August 25, 2020 EP. Deputy Director Kratie PDoE recipient Information on the funding support of USAID GPL to FFI, Acknowledged CRDT, and NTFP- Kampong Thom receipt by intended August 25, 2020 EP. Deputy Director PDoE recipient Request to participate in the Quarterly Meeting of Community Development of Protected Areas Around the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary and also in Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, Kampong Thom, Acknowledged and Kratie Kampong Thom receipt by intended August 25, 2020 provinces. Director PDoE recipient Request for permission to meet with Mr. Sokheng Norvin, H.E. Say Sam Al, Acknowledged Undersecretary of Minister of receipt by intended August 27, 2020 State for MoE on Environment MoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 94

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status the establishment of a technical working group to manage the Protected Area Monitoring Platform and other work related to forest management. Request to invite relevant stakeholders to participate in Kampong Thom Community Tree Forestry Acknowledged Planting Day at Prey Administration receipt by intended August 28, 2020 Khum Sochet CF. Cantonment recipient Request to invite 3 MoE GIS officers to participate in the training course on the use of conservation technology equipment from 14 to 15 September Acknowledged 2020 at USAID GPL H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended August 31, 2020 office. Secretary of State MoE recipient Request to invite 3 MoE GIS officers to participate in the training course on the use of conservation technology equipment from 14 to 15 September Acknowledged 2020 at USAID GPL receipt by intended August 31, 2020 office. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request to invite 3 MoE GIS officers to participate in the training course on the use of conservation technology equipment from 14 to 15 September Acknowledged 2020 at USAID GPL Kampong Thom receipt by intended August 31, 2020 office. Director PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 95

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to invite 3 MoE GIS officers to participate in the training course on the use of conservation technology equipment from 14 to 15 September Acknowledged 2020 at USAID GPL receipt by intended August 31, 2020 office. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request to invite 3 MoE GIS officers to participate in the training course on the use of conservation technology equipment from 14 to 15 September Acknowledged 2020 at USAID GPL receipt by intended August 31, 2020 office. Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request to exchange date of patrol work plan from 25 August Acknowledged 2020 to 1 Kampong Thom receipt by intended August 31, 2020 September 2020. Director PDoE recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak Acknowledged ecotourism Kampong Thom receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. Director PDoT recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Phnom Chum Rok Sat (Chhvang) and Borey Ou Svay Acknowledged ecotourism receipt by intended September 1, 2020 communities. Director Stung Treng PDoT recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 96

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Phnom Chum Rok Sat (Chhvang) Acknowledged ecotourism Thala Barivat receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. District Governor District Hall recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak Acknowledged ecotourism receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. District Governor Sandan District Hall recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Koh Samseb Acknowledged ecotourism Sambour District receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. District Governor Hall recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Phnom Chum Rok Sat (Chhvang) Acknowledged ecotourism Sam Ang Commune receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. Commune Chief Council recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the Acknowledged next work plan for Ou Krieng receipt by intended September 1, 2020 Koh Samseb Commune Chief Commune Council recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 97

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status ecotourism community.

Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Reaksmey Phoum Pir Kiri Boeng Kranhak Acknowledged ecotourism Mean Rith receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. Commune Chief Commune Council recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Koh Samseb Acknowledged ecotourism receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. Director Kratie PDoT recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Phnom Chum Rok Sat (Chhvang) and Borey Ou Svay Acknowledged ecotourism Borey O Svay Sen receipt by intended September 1, 2020 communities. District Governor Chey District Hall recipient Request for an invitation for an official to discuss on the reflection of work plan and development of the next work plan for Borey Ou Svay Acknowledged ecotourism Ou Svay Commune receipt by intended September 1, 2020 community. Commune Chief Council recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 98

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for an appointment of a ranger to meet with the community of Bangkan Senchey CPA in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary on the occasion of a Mr. Song Acknowledged visit by a delegation Chansocheat, receipt by intended September 2, 2020 from USAID. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request to invite 3 officials in charge of zoning in protected areas to participate in the consultation meeting on the plan and process of zoning and demarcation around the North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape in Acknowledged Kampong Thom Kampong Thom receipt by intended September 2, 2020 province. Director PDoE recipient Request to invite the district chief and one community forestry officer to participate in the handing over of patrol equipment to 7 CFs located on the upper reaches of Stung Chinit River to inspect the location of seedlings and plantations of community members Tum Ring Kampong Thom September 2, 2020 AC. PDAFF Request for invitation and a representative to chair a forum to hand over patrol equipment to 7 CFs located on the upper slopes of Stung Chinit River to check the location of planting Kampong Thom Acknowledged tree and farming of Provincial receipt by intended September 2, 2020 Tum Ring AC. Provincial Governor Government recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 99

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to invite the district chief and one community forestry officer to participate in the handing over of patrol equipment to 7 CFs located on the upper reaches of Stung Chinit River to inspect the location of seedlings and plantations of community Acknowledged members Tum Ring Kampong Thom receipt by intended September 2, 2020 AC. Director PDAFF recipient Request to invite the district chief and one community forestry officer to participate in the handing over of patrol equipment to 7 CFs located on the upper reaches of Stung Chinit River to inspect the location of seedlings Kampong Thom and plantations of Forestry community Administration Acknowledged members Tum Ring Cantonment receipt by intended September 2, 2020 AC. (Sandan District) recipient Request to invite the district chief and one community forestry officer to participate in the handing over of patrol equipment to 7 CFs located on the upper reaches of Stung Chinit River to inspect the location of seedlings and plantations of community Acknowledged members Tum Ring receipt by intended September 2, 2020 AC. District Governor Sandan District Hall recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 100

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request to invite the district chief and one community forestry officer to participate in the handing over of patrol equipment to 7 CFs located on the upper reaches of Stung Chinit River to inspect the location of seedlings Kampong Thom and plantations of Forestry community Administration Acknowledged members Tum Ring Cantonment (Tum receipt by intended September 2, 2020 AC. Ring Commune) recipient Thank you letter of the mission of inspecting ranger headquarters at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife receipt by intended September 4, 2020 Sanctuary. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Thank you letter of the mission of inspecting ranger headquarters at Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife receipt by intended September 4, 2020 Sanctuary. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request for appointment invite professional officers of departments and sanctuaries to participate in activities 1. Verify rice fields of Ibis rice member 2. Meeting of important people to gather information on clearing new land 3. Meeting to commemorate the community statute and 4. Monthly Community Committee Meeting in Prey Preah Roka Chhaeb and Kulen Mr. Song Acknowledged Promtep Wildlife Chansocheat, receipt by intended September 4, 2020 Sanctuary Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 101

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for an invitation of 3 officials to join the zoning and demarcation in the protected area in the discussion on planning and process of pole demarcation in the Acknowledged North Tonle Sap in Kampong Thom receipt by intended September 7, 2020 Kampong Thom. Director PDoE recipient Request for an invitation of the Local Community Development Office and the Deputy Director to coordinate the preparation of the draft of the 8 community members of Prey Mr. Song Acknowledged Lang Wildlife Chansocheat, receipt by intended September 11, 2020 Sanctuary. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request to meet Mr. Chhun Cheng with 2 relevant professional officers to prepare a dissemination plan on zoning and demarcation and continue to lead the publishing team of Prey Lang Wildlife Mr. Song Acknowledged Sanctuary in Preah Chansocheat, receipt by intended September 11, 2020 Vihear. Acting Director Preah Vihear PDoE recipient Request of the director to facilitate and participate in inspecting the location for the mobile patrol office at Stung Treng Province in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary and to invite the Deputy Acknowledged Governor in charge receipt by intended September 11, 2020 to join. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 102

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status Request for participation of one park ranger to check and change the memory card and camera trap in the Prey Lang Acknowledged Wildlife Sanctuary receipt by intended September 14, 2020 in Kratie. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request for participation of one park ranger to check and change the memory card and camera trap in the Prey Lang Acknowledged Wildlife Sanctuary receipt by intended September 14, 2020 in Stung Treng. Director Stung Treng PDoE recipient Request to invite the governor or a representative to participate in the dissemination session on the process and procedures of demarcation of border posts in Acknowledged Prey Lang Wildlife Sambour District receipt by intended September 14, 2020 Sanctuary. District Governor Hall recipient Request to invited 3 officials, including the director or deputy director of the sanctuary office, and 2 officials to cooperate in disseminating information on the process and procedures of demarcation of border post management areas Acknowledged in Prey Lang receipt by intended September 14, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary. Director Kratie PDoE recipient Request to invite the governor or a representative to participate in the dissemination Acknowledged session on the receipt by intended September 14, 2020 process and Commune Chief recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 103

Date Description Recipient Institution(s) Status procedures of demarcation of border posts in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. Submission of the drafting of the assessment of impacts of development and climate change on Acknowledged natural resources in H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended September 23, 2020 the PLEL. Secretary of State MoE recipient Submission of USAID GPL's Y2Q3 Acknowledged Progress Report of H.E. Sao Sopheap, receipt by intended September 25, 2020 Fiscal Year 2020. Secretary of State MoE recipient

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 104

ANNEX IV. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TRACKING TABLE TABLE 4: YEAR TWO PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TRACKING TABLE

Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved %

Goal: To promote resilient, low-emission development and inclusive, sustainable management of the Prey Lang Extended Landscape Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target due to expansion of management activities, for instance PA stakeholder consultations and joint patrol, for the whole PA rather than just in certain part of the PA or only within CPAs’ boundaries. This number of hectares includes: - 431,683 hectares in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary (whole PA). Improved management in this PA 1,479,377 includes having PA annual adaptive management plan endorsed by PDoE, expansion and improving Terrestrial- (Terrestrial- of law enforcement activities, and having Freshwater / Number of hectares of Freshwater: stakeholder consultations for management Coastal-Marine biologically significant areas 1,479,377) planning, zoning and demarcation, and expansion

1.0 under improved NRM as a Hectares 1,069,148 138% and improving law enforcement activities in CPAs Wildlife result of USG assistance (Wildlife inside the PA. Trafficking / (EG.10.2-2/Outcome) Trafficking: Illegal Logging / - 402,500 hectares in Kulen Promtep Wildlife 1,479,377, Illegal Fishing Sanctuary (whole PA). Improved management in Illegal Logging: this PA includes expansion and improving law 1,479,377) enforcement activities, having stakeholder consultations for management planning, zoning and demarcation, and expansion and improving law enforcement activities in CPAs inside the PA. - 24,654 hectares in Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes expansion and improving law enforcement activities, having stakeholder consultations on management planning, zoning and demarcation, CPA establishment and expansion

USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 105

Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % and improving of law enforcement activities in CPAs inside PA. - 190,027 hectares in Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes expansion and improving of law enforcement activities, having stakeholder consultations for management planning, zoning and demarcation, and expansion and improving of law enforcement activities in CPAs inside the PA. - 90,361 hectares in Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes expansion and improving of law enforcement activities, having stakeholder consultations for management planning, zoning and demarcation, and expansion and improving of law enforcement activities in CPAs inside the PA. - 42,097 hectares in Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes expansion and improving of law enforcement activities and having stakeholder consultations on management plan, zoning and demarcation. - 249,694 hectares in Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes expansion and improving of law enforcement activities, having stakeholder consultations for management planning, zoning and demarcation, and expansion and improving of law enforcement activities in CPAs inside the PA. - 31,159 hectares in North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes expansion and improving of law enforcement activities, having stakeholder

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % consultations for management planning, zoning and demarcation. - 8,934 hectares in Sambour Prey Kok Protected Landscape (whole PA). Improved management in this PA includes having an annual adaptive management plan endorsed by PDoE. - 8,268 hectares in 7 CPAs located in biodiversity conservation corridors (BCCs) in Kratie and Preah Vihear. Improved management includes expansion and improving of law enforcement activities in CPAs, having CPA by-law developed (Kong Meas, Kbal Dounkrey, Angkor Ent, Kampong Damrey, Kampong Khboeung, and Koh Entchey), and CPA boundary demarcation (Angkor Ent, Kampong Damrey, Kampong Khboeung, and Koh Entchey).

Objective 1: Improved biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health in Prey Lang Extended Landscape (Conservation) Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target due to effectiveness of expanded management practices in target PAs; leading to improved biophysical conditions (deforestation rate 1,064,161 below BAU of 2.9%) in almost all areas with improved

Terrestrial- management practices, except Beng Per Wildlife (Terrestrial- Number of hectares of Freshwater / Sanctuary, the Oddar Meanchey and Siem Reap part of Freshwater: biologically significant areas Coastal-Marine Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary, and three CPAs 1,064,161) showing improved biophysical inside Northwest BCC, where deforestation rates are 1.1 Hectares 551,683 193% conditions as a result of USG Wildlife above the BAU. (Wildlife assistance (EG.10.2-1 Trafficking / Trafficking: All hectares under improved natural resource /Outcome) Illegal Logging / 1,064,161, management through USAID GPL support, as indicated Illegal Fishing Illegal Logging: in above indicator, were assessed for reduced 1,064,161) deforestation below the national baseline deforestation rate (BAU) of 2.9%. Below are results of deforestation analysis of the PAs and CPAs reported under indicator 1.0:

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % - Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary: 1.98% - Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary (Preah Vihear province): 2.70% - Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park: 0.05% - Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary: 1.82% - Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary: 0.65% - Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary: 0.89% - Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary: 4.39% - North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape: 1.65% - Sambour Prey Kok Protected Landscape: 0.60% - 4 CPAs (Kampong Khbeoung CPA, Koah Entchey CPA, Kampong Damrey CPA, Angkor Ent CPA) located in Northeast BCC: 0.67% - 3 CPAs (Kong Meas CPA, Prey Kamraeng CPA, Kbal Dounkrey CPA) located in Northwest BCC: 12.46% Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% GHG emissions, estimated in higher than annual target due to an expansion of the metric tons of CO2 PLEL boundary in FY19. equivalent, reduced, Metric tons GHG Emission Reductions (ER) were calculated using sequestered, or avoided of CO2 1.2 None 2.373 M 3,927,440 166% the online USAID AFOLU Carbon Calculator with the through sustainable landscapes equivalent GPL PLEL boundary as input. GHG ERs are from activities supported by USG (tCO2e) avoided deforestation. The main driver of assistance (EG.13-6 deforestation used was Subsistence (smallholder). The /Outcome) full report is available on request.

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved %

Objective 2: Increased sustainable and equitable economic opportunities, community livelihoods, and natural capital reinvestment (Communities) This indicator counted the entire population from 77 78,755 villages where beneficiaries gained improved tenure rights and access to resources from the establishment Number of people with (Male: 38,924 and well-functioning of CPAs (deforestation in CPA is Male / Female improved economic benefits Female: below BAU) and CFs (improved afforestation), where

derived from sustainable NRM 39,831) livelihood activities (IBIS Rice, ecotourism, water user Wildlife 2.1 and/or biodiversity People 78,035 101% group, etc.) were implemented to incentivize Trafficking / conservation as a result of (Wildlife conservation and at the same time improve economic Illegal Logging / USG assistance (EG.10.2-3 Trafficking: benefits for target beneficiaries. In addition, this Illegal Fishing /Outcome) 78,755, Illegal indicator also counted 230 individuals from 46 Logging: households from 11 additional villages where USAID 78,755) GPL provided improved economic benefits through bird nest protection activities. Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target as USAID GPL was able to leverage more co-financing than originally proposed due to strong interest to scale up IBIS Rice production, to expand PA management and to increase biodiversity conservation in targeted PAs. $686,067.64 This amount consists of: (Public: $0, Amount of investment - $400,000.00 loan from a private, international Public / private Private: mobilized (in U.S.$) for funding source “Leap Philanthropy Ltd.” to IBIS $686,067.64) 2.2 sustainable landscapes as US Dollar $100,000 686% Rice Conservation Co., Ltd. / Sansom Mlub Prey International / supported by USG assistance (SMP) for rice harvest working capital to purchase domestic (International: (EG.13-4 /Outcome) wildlife friendly and organic paddy rice from $679,817.64, smallholder farmers under the IBIS Rice Program. Domestic: Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) provides a $6,250) Guarantee Agreement on the full loan amount and interest accrued under the Agreement. - $99,868.00 grant from a private, international funding source “Land Equity International Pty Limited” through the Mekong Regional Land Governance (MRLG) Phase 2 project to WCS to

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % support the implementation of the Cambodia recognition of customary tenure strategic work program’s outcome 2, which focuses on securing customary tenure right of communities, smallholder farmers including women, indigenous peoples, and other vulnerability groups in PAs and forest. Under this grant, the communities in pilot areas need to be engaged in collaborative management and productive of resources in PAs and forest through documentation of customary tenure based on improved PA zoning and management planning integrating FPIC in actual practices. This funding was instigated by USAID GPL as it is an interesting avenue for influencing practice through the zoning process, and that also has well established relationships with MoE and subnational authorities. - $179,949.64 grant from a private, international funding source “Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies” through Conservation International (CI) to WCS pragmatic protocols for restoration of ecosystem processes in Cambodia’s wild. The project targets four PAs including Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary, Ang Trapeang Thmor and Tonle Sap Biosphere, and focuses on two components – 1) Restore foraging habitat of water birds through increasing populations of free-ranging and feral domestic water buffalo; and 2) Develop standardized protocols for ecosystem restoration based on demonstration projects. - $6,250 contribution provided by private, domestic sources to Tang Krasang Farmer Water User Group to support sustainable use of irrigation system.

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % This indicator counted the entire population from 77 villages where beneficiaries gained improved tenure rights and access to resources from the establishment and well-functioning of CPAs (deforestation in CPA is below BAU) and CFs (improved afforestation), where livelihood activities (IBIS Rice, ecotourism, water user group, etc.) were implemented to incentivize Number of people receiving conservation and at the same time improve economic livelihood co-benefits 78,755 benefits for target beneficiaries. In addition, this (monetary or non-monetary) indicator also counted 230 individuals from 46 2.3 associated with the People Male / Female 78,035 (Male: 38,924 101% households from 11 additional villages where USAID implementation of USG Female: GPL provided improved economic benefits through sustainable landscapes 39,831) bird nest protection activities. activities (EG.13-5 /Outcome) The achievement for this indicator is reported interchangeably with indicator 2.1 because the activities that supported economic benefits related to sustainable natural resource management and/or biodiversity protection (2.1) led to the reduction of emissions related to sustainable landscape activities (2.3). Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target as USAID GPL was able to $686,067.64 leverage more co-financing than originally proposed due to strong interest to scale up IBIS Rice production, (Public: $0, to expand PA management and to increase biodiversity Amount mobilized (in U.S.$) Private: conservation in targeted PAs. for climate change adaptation Public / private $686,067.64) 2.4 as supported by USG US Dollar International / $85,000 807% This amount consists of:

assistance (EG.11-4 domestic (International: - $400,000.00 loan from a private, international /Outcome) $679,817.64, funding source “Leap Philanthropy Ltd.” to IBIS Domestic: Rice Conservation Co., Ltd. / SMP for rice harvest $$6,250) working capital to purchase wildlife friendly and organic paddy from smallholder farmers under the IBIS Rice Program. WCS provides a Guarantee

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % Agreement on the full loan amount and interest accrued under the Agreement. - $99,868.00 grant from a private, international funding source “Land Equity International Pty Limited” through the MRLG Phase 2 project to WCS to support the implementation of the Cambodia recognition of customary tenure strategic work program’s outcome 2, which focuses on securing customary tenure right of communities, smallholder farmers including women, indigenous peoples, and other vulnerability groups in PAs and forest. Under this grant, the communities in pilot areas need to be engaged in collaborative management and productive of resources in PAs and forest through documentation of customary tenure based on improved PA zoning and management planning integrating FPIC in actual practices. This funding was instigated by USAID GPL as it is an interesting avenue for influencing practice through the zoning process, and that also has well established relationships with MoE and subnational authorities. - $179,949.64 grant from a private, international funding source “Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies” through CI to WCS pragmatic protocols for restoration of ecosystem processes in Cambodia’s wild. The project targets four PAs including Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary, Ang Trapeang Thmor and Tonle Sap Biosphere, and focuses on two components – 1) Restore foraging habitat of water birds through increasing populations of free- ranging and feral domestic water buffalo; and 2)

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % Develop standardized protocols for ecosystem restoration based on demonstration projects. - $6,250 contribution provided by private, domestic sources to Tang Krasang Farmer Water User Group to support sustainable use of irrigation system.

Objective 3: Strengthened inclusive and effective landscape governance (Governance) Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target due to expansion and improving of law enforcement activities in CPAs and PAs through joint patrolling, which engaged a significantly larger number of people in patrol activities than was expected. This overachievement is also due to establishment of new CPAs in Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park and the implementation of CPA patrols in that protected area, the expansion of USAID 3,560 GPL support for law enforcement activities in Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary and in North Male / Female Number of people that apply (Male: 2,977, Tonle Sap Protected Landscape.

improved conservation law Female: 583) Wildlife A total of 3,560 individuals applied improved 3.1 enforcement practices as a People 1,281 278% Trafficking / conservation law practices over this fiscal year period. result of USG assistance (Wildlife Illegal Logging / The majority of these individuals are CPA/community (EG.10.2-6 /Outcome) Trafficking: Illegal Fishing members (91%) and government officials, especially 3,560, Illegal PDoE rangers (9%). Logging: 3,560) Applied improved law enforcement include one more of the following: - Individuals received capacity building / training on law enforcement, patrol techniques and/or technology tool deployment and engaged in law enforcement activities; - CPA/community members participated in monthly patrol planning;

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % - CPA/community members participated in patrol activities inside CPA and/or joint patrol activities inside PA; - PDoE rangers used hotspot data as a guide for patrol planning; - PDoE rangers used conservation technology tools (e.g. Blackview handheld mobile devices, SMART Mobile/Connect, drone) during patrol activities or for reporting patrol result; - Individuals participated in joint patrols; and - Individuals participated in land confiscation process or land verification for compliance with conservation rules for certain programs such as VMN members participating in the IBIS Rice program. On average, individuals participated 3.73 times in one of the activities mentioned above. This indicates more active participation compared to their engagement in law enforcement activities in the previous year, which was an average participation of 2.33 times. Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% National / higher than annual target due to expansion of subnational / subnational and community level stakeholder other collaboration on law enforcement, livelihood activities,

Number of institutions with 123 and natural resource management governance. (National = improved capacity to address ministry These institutions engaged with different USAID GPL 3.2 sustainable landscape issues as Institutions 92 (National: 4, 134% Subnational = activities such as law enforcement activities, livelihood supported by USG assistance. Sub-national: provincial, supported activities, trainings, consultation workshops, (EG.13-2 /Output) 48, Other: 71) district or and conservation activities. Through these commune engagements, they have increased access to Other = NGO, information and networking, increased in-house private sector) technical capacity through training, accessed opportunities for engaging with other stakeholders,

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % and improved law enforcement capacity using conservation technology tools and new skills provided by USAID GPL. Certain CPAs have implemented clear internal rules and policies by having their by-law developed and endorsed. PAs have clear protocols for engaging community members in joint patrol activities by having Joint Patrol Agreements developed and endorsed, national and subnational institutions at target provinces have clearer direction and plans for PA zoning, demarcation , management plan development, and state land registration by having national decisions issued by MoE to establish provincial technical working groups. The need for finalizing CPA by-laws required many consultations with different stakeholders to be conducted during the period, which engaged more people in by-law consultations than expected, and the expansion of agriculture support activities to Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary led USAD GPL to achieve results more than 10% higher than annual target for this indicator. Number of people using climate information or People using climate change information reported for 5,323 implementing risk-reducing this indicator include:

3.3 actions to improve resilience People Male / Female 4,500 118% (Male: 2,758, - Individuals participating in ToT training on climate to climate change as Female: 2,565) changes (139/36F); supported by USG assistance (EG.11-6 /Outcome) - Individuals that participated in Youth Debate events focus on environment, conservation, and natural resource management (375/163F); - Individuals that participated in CPA by-law consultations (1,596/706F); - Individuals that participated in patrol planning activities (1,006/253F);

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % - Individuals that participated in reforestation (45/10F); - Individuals that participated as a member of Farmer Water User Communities (945/616F); and - Individuals that participated in improved agriculture activities (1,217/781F). Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target due to expansion of subnational and community level stakeholder collaboration on law enforcement, livelihood activities, and natural resource management governance. These institutions engaged with different USAID GPL activities such as law enforcement activities, livelihood supported activities, trainings, consultation workshops, National / and conservation activities. Through these subnational l/ engagements, they have increased access to other information and networking, increased in-house technical capacity through training, accessed Number of institutions with 123 (National = opportunities for engaging with other stakeholders, improved capacity to assess ministry and improved law enforcement capacity using 3.4 or address climate change Institutions 92 (National: 4, 134% Subnational = conservation technology tools and new skills provided risks supported by USG Sub-national: provincial, by USAID GPL. Certain CPAs have implemented clear assistance (EG.11-2 /Output) 48, Other: 71) district or internal rules and policies by having their by-law commune developed and endorsed. PAs have clear protocols for Other = NGO, engaging community members in joint patrol activities private sector) by having Joint Patrol Agreements developed and endorsed, national and subnational institutions at target provinces have clearer direction and plans for PA zoning, demarcation , management plan development, and state land registration by having national decisions issued by MoE to establish provincial technical working groups. The actual achieved for indicator 3.4 is the same as for 3.2 because the activities aimed at addressing

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % sustainable landscape issues also addressed climate change risk. Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% higher than annual target due to expansion of agriculture activities to other target areas, e.g. Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary, which required capacity building for target farmers, the need for developing management plan for CPAs and target CFs, which required training for CPA/CF committee and members on management plan development. The need for improved law enforcement quality in PA and CPA also required additional training for PDoE rangers and target community members on effective patrol techniques and conservation technology deployment to help them deliver timely reports of their patrol outcomes. Of all individuals reported for this indicator: Number of people trained in 2,202 sustainable landscapes - 210/20F received training on law enforcement 3.5 People Male / Female 1,500 147% supported by USG assistance (Male: 1,254, related topics, including patrol technique, relevant (EG.13-1 /Output) Female: 948) law and policies for law enforcement and PA management; - 34/25F received training on gender in environment sector; - 1,224/783F received training related to improved agriculture practices; - 136/24F received training related to biodiversity conservation; - 141/8F received training related to technology deployment for law enforcement and conservation activities; - 36/13F received training on business concept/management;

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % - 122/22F received training on CPA establishment guideline, policy advocacy, etc.; - 71/6F received training on CPA/CF management plan development; - 106/11F received training on climate change; and - 122/36F received training on organizational management such as bookkeeping, report writing, etc. PLRs include: - 10 Decisions (Adopted: 2, Implemented: 8): • 4 Decisions on Establishment of Technical Working Group for zoning management, pole installation, boundary demarcation, management plan and public land registration for Protected Areas [For 1) Kampong Thom 47 and Siem Reap provinces, 2) Oddar Meanchey Number of laws, policies, or Proposed / Province, 3) Preah Vihear and PLWS Stung regulations that address adopted / (Proposed: 1, Treng, 4) PLWS Kratie]. 45 biodiversity conservation implemented Adopted: 8, Policy, law, • 6 Decisions for Engaging CPA and/or other environmental Implemented: 3.6 or Adopted: 8, 104% Members/villagers in Joint Patrol with PDoE themes officially proposed, Wildlife 38) regulation Implemented: Rangers (Koki Prohaong CPA, Kbal Dounkrey adopted, or implemented as a Trafficking / 37 CPA, Skor Krouch CPA, Choam Thlork CPA, of result of USG assistance Illegal Logging / (Illegal logging Kong Meas CPA, Kanti Village). (EG.10.2-5 /Output) Illegal Fishing and associated trade: 47) - 6 Regulations (Implemented: 6): Regulation on Establishment of Provincial Technical Working Group for Zoning and Demarcation and Management Plan for Protected Areas [for 1) Kampong Thom, 2) Preah Vihear, 3) Kratie, 4) Stung Treng, 5) Siem Reap, 6) Oddar Meanchey]. - 26 Agreements (Joint Patrol Agreement) (Proposed: 1, Adopted: 2, Implemented: 23):

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % • 11 Joint Patrol Agreements between Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary and [1) Choam Ta Meun CPA, 2) Kantuot CPA, 3) Prey Chheu Phleung CPA, 4) Prey Phdao CPA, 5) Rolum Tuek Khmao Tuek Sar CPA, 6) Prey Thmor Koul CPA, 7) A Phlaonh Phnomdei CPA, 8) Akphivoat CPA, 9) Sraong Aphlaonh CPA, 10) Tumnob Or Ta Kaek CPA, 11) Prey Kdar CPA]. • 2 Joint Patrol Agreements between Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary and [1) Prey Pir L'veng CPA, 2) Trapeang Phong CPA]. • 9 Joint Patrol Agreement between Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary and [1) Bangkan Senchey CPA, 2) Phnom Chroap Trey Ksant CPA, 3) Phnom L'ang CPA, 4) Phoum Peuk CPA, 5) Prasat Chheu Teal Kaong CPA, 6) Prasat Phnom Kreal CPA, 7) Prey Kamraeng CPA, 8) Srae Veal CPA, 9) Patrol Volunteers in Anlong Phe and Anlong Chrey Communes in Stung Treng]. • 1 Joint Patrol Agreement between Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary and Prey Toap CPA. • 3 Joint Patrol Agreement between Phnom Tbaeng Natural Heritage Park and [1) Tangyou CPA, 2) Datavoek CPA, 3) Chak Angrae CPA]. - 5 CPA By-Law (Adopted: 4, Implemented: 1). These CPAs are: 1) Koki Prohaong CPA, 2) Kampong Khbeoung CPA, 3) Koah Entchey CPA, 4) Kampong Damrey CPA, 5) Angkor Ent CPA.

Crosscutting

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Indicator FY20 Actual Achieved Performance Indicator Unit Disaggregates Narrative Progress Code Target Achieved % 59

Achievement under this indicator is more than 10% (Factsheet: 2, higher than annual target due to the implementation of High Profile communication adaptive strategy during the COVID- Event: 1, 19 pandemic, which required more online information Number of communications, Learning sharing and awareness raising on natural resource 4.1 outreach, and knowledge Product Type of product 35 Material: 3, 169% management and conservation efforts, while on-the- products (Custom /Output) Monthly ground work was significantly reduced. These include Bulletin: 6, implementation of Conservation Chats and Facebook Visual Story: 9, live broadcasting of Environmental Youth Debates that Video: 23, were organized by MoE with support from USAID Facebook Live: GPL. 6, Other: 9)

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ANNEX V. ACTIVITY TRACKING TABLE TABLE 5: YEAR ONE WORK PLAN ACTIVITY TRACKING TABLE

Intervention Status

OBJECTIVE 1: IMPROVED BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND ECOSYSTEM HEALTH IN PREY LANG EXTENDED LANDSCAPE 1.1 Support PDoE annual adaptive management planning for targeted PAs within Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Annual adaptive the PLEL management plan support ongoing in Y3. Ongoing: Provincial working groups established for Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, Oddar Meanchey, Siem Reap, and Stung Treng provinces. First consultation workshop with national working groups conducted. First technical working group meetings conducted for Kampong Thom, Kratie, Preah Vihear, Oddar Meanchey, Siem Reap, and Stung Treng provinces. Support for 1.2 Support zoning of targeted PAs across the PLEL zoning and demarcation ongoing in Y3. 1.3 Support communities to develop new CPAs and strengthen existing CPAs, CFs, Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for CFis, and other community groups across the PLEL CPAs ongoing in Y3. 1.4 Strengthen existing water user groups and develop watershed management Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for CFs plans and FWUCs ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 1.5 Conduct biodiversity research and monitoring across the PLEL biodiversity research ongoing in Y3.

Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 1.6 Raise community awareness about key thematic topics throughout the PLEL awareness raising ongoing in Y3. OBJECTIVE 2: INCREASED SUSTAINABLE AND EQUITABLE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, COMMUNITY LIVELIHOODS, AND NATURAL CAPITAL REINVESTMENT Completed: Strategy developed to link SMEs with REDD+ nested 2.1 Support the development of business plans within an Integrated Green project. Ongoing development potentially in Y4. Investment linkage Enterprise framework established between IBIS Rice and Green Invest Asia. 2.2 Implement commodity-specific Livelihood Action Plan for PLEL communities Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for and grant facility for livelihoods development livelihoods development ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 2.3 REDD+ project development REDD+ project development ongoing in Y3. On hold: UNDP and World Bank are supporting MoE in 2.4 Develop PES Assessment for the PLEL establishing national PES policy and implementing two PES pilot

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Intervention Status

projects. Development of a PES Assessment is on hold until a clear opportunity for additional PES development emerges. 2.5 Develop conservation enterprise monitoring system and develop and Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for implement compliance database throughout PLEL conservation enterprise monitoring ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 2.6 Support and expand existing conservation incentive payments programs conservation incentive payments program ongoing in Y3. Ongoing: Recruited and on-boarded new staff for the SRP expansion in North Tonle Sap, conducted capacity building on standards and performance indicators, and established cooperation with PDAFF and local authorities. Support for expansion of SRP 2.7 Promote expansion of SRP ongoing in Y3. 2.8 Improve existing ecotourism facilities Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed.

Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for ACs 2.9 Strengthen existing agriculture cooperatives and provincial platform ongoing in Y3. OBJECTIVE 3: STRENGTHENED INCLUSIVE AND EFFECTIVE LANDSCAPE GOVERNANCE Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 3.1 Support development and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations PLRs ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 3.2 PLEL Assessment dissemination and trainings PLEL Assessment trainings ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for 3.3 Support districts and communes to improve capacity for climate change districts and communes to improve capacity for climate change mitigation and adaptation (District Investment Plans, Commune Investment Plans) mitigation and adaptation ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for law 3.4 Support and strengthen protected area law enforcement in PLEL enforcement ongoing in Y3. 3.5 Support MoE to establish and implement Cambodian Environmental Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for Management System (CEMIS) Protected Area Monitoring Platform (PAMP) PAMP implementation ongoing in Y3. 3.6 Facilitate inter-provincial forums to promote participatory and informed Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Support for management of the PLEL inter-provincial forums ongoing in Y3. MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Implementation 4.1 Implement Administration and Finance of Admin & Finance ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Staff capacity 4.2 Training and staff capacity building building ongoing in Y3.

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Intervention Status

Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Implementation 4.3 Implement grant facility of grant facility ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Implementation 4.4 Implement MEL reporting system and MEL Plan of M&E system ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Quarterly 4.5 Develop detailed quarterly activity work plans activity work planning ongoing in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Annual Review 4.6 Annual Review and Pause-and-Reflect Session and Pause-and-Reflect Session will be conducted again in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Annual Work 4.7 Develop Annual Work Plan Plan for Y4 will be developed in Y3. Completed: Y2 intervention objectives completed. Implementation 4.8 Implement Communication and Outreach Strategy of COS ongoing in Y3.

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Biodiversity Research Results FY20 globally threatened bird species census surveys, key bird species presence surveys, vulture restaurants, and ad hoc field observations of bird and other fauna species sightings by PDoE rangers and biodiversity field researchers collected via SMART in Chhaeb, Kulen Promtep, Preah Roka, and Phnom Tbaeng resulted in identifying the bird and mammal species outlined below in Table 6 and Table 7, respectively. TABLE 6: NUMBER OF BIRDS IDENTIFIED (OBSERVED/SIGN) Kulen Phnom Bird Species Chhaeb Promtep Tbaeng Preah Roka Total Asian Openbill 0 101 0 3 104 Bengal Florican 0 0 0 0 0 Black Kite 38 11 2 74 126 Black-Headed Ibis 0 25 16 0 41 Black-Necked Stork 16 12 0 0 28 Black-Shoulder Kite 27 1 1 8 37 Bronze-Winged Jacana 1 0 0 0 1 Chinese Pond Heron 0 0 2 3 5 Crested Serpent Eagle 137 97 43 39 316 Darter 1 36 0 15 52 Giant Ibis 385 306 4 137 832 Great Cormorant 0 6 2 0 8 Great Hornbill 0 18 5 4 27 Great Slaty Woodpecker 91 13 0 8 112 Greater Adjutant 46 43 4 0 93 Greater Egret 1 0 0 0 1 Greater Spotted Eagle 6 0 4 8 18 Green Peafowl 12 76 10 16 114 Grey Heron 1 1 0 0 2 Grey-Headed Fish Eagle 53 50 0 30 133 Imperial Eagle 0 0 25 6 31 Indian Spotted Eagle 0 0 0 6 6 Intermediate Egret 2 0 0 20 22 Javan Pond Heron 43 0 1 128 172 Lesser Adjutant 759 969 29 548 2305 Lesser Fish Eagle 1 29 2 0 32 Lesser Whistling Duck 21 303 3 258 585 Little Cormorant 2 20 10 0 32 Masked Finfoot 0 13 0 0 13 Oriental Honey-Buzzard 7 0 0 0 7 Oriental Pied Hornbill 89 336 355 89 879 Owl 1 0 0 0 1 Pale-Capped Pigeon 0 0 0 3 3 Palla's Fish Eagle 1 2 0 0 3

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Kulen Phnom Bird Species Chhaeb Promtep Tbaeng Preah Roka Total Purple Heron 1 0 0 0 1 Red Junglefowl 36 44 87 12 179 Red-Headed Vulture 31 0 0 0 31 Sarus Crane 89 187 13 9 298 Shikra 0 1 0 0 1 Siamese Fireback 11 0 169 28 208 Slender-Billed Vulture 36 0 0 0 36 Spot-Billed Duck 0 9 0 0 9 White-Rumped Falcon 0 0 0 2 2 White-Rumped Vulture 33 0 0 0 33 White-Shouldered Ibis 8 388 0 15 411 White-Winged Duck 16 42 0 2 60 Woolly-Necked Stork 338 600 8 387 1334 Yellow Bittern 0 0 0 22 22

A total of 48 bird species were observed during the fiscal year. Numbers of individuals observed increased significantly between the first and second quarters from 904 to 2,593, decreased slightly in the third quarter to 2,213, and increased significantly in the fourth quarter to 3,044. TABLE 7: NUMBER OF MAMMALS IDENTIFIED (OBSERVED/SIGN) Kulen Phnom Preah Mammal Species Chhaeb Promtep Tbaeng Roka Total Asian Elephant 33 0 0 41 74 Banteng 159 29 5 167 367 Bear Spp. 0 0 1 0 1 Black Giant Squirrel 23 37 12 14 86 Civet Spp. 36 3 22 4 66 Domestic Dog 0 0 0 0 19 Eld's Deer 6 4 0 8 18 Fishing Cat 0 0 2 0 2 Gaur 29 0 0 41 70 Giant Flying Squirrels 23 0 11 21 55 Golden Jackal 70 2 0 1 73 Large Flying-Fox 0 0 3060 0 3060 Large-Spotted Civet 0 0 3 1 4 Leopard 0 0 2 2 5 Lesser Mousedeer 0 0 20 2 23 Long-Tailed Macaque 227 223 352 289 1098 Otter 0 9 0 0 9 Palm Civet 0 0 0 1 2 Pig-Tailed Macaque 21 32 115 107 275 Pileated Gibbon 89 0 123 52 268

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Kulen Phnom Preah Mammal Species Chhaeb Promtep Tbaeng Roka Total Pygmy Loris 1 0 0 2 3 Red Muntjac 158 95 19 70 347 Sambar 30 0 9 27 68 Silvered Langur 145 99 242 42 529 Small Asian Mongoose 6 0 0 0 6 Small Flying Squirrel 0 5 0 0 5 Stump-Tailed Macaque 47 0 0 36 83 Variable Squirrel 0 0 0 0 2 Wild Pig 850 173 198 178 1440 Yellow-Throated Marten 3 0 2 2 7

The number of threatened mammal species identified during this fiscal year is 30. Numbers of individuals observed increased significantly between the first and second quarters from 451 to 1,379, increased slightly in the third quarter to 1,411, and increased significantly in the fourth quarter to 4,732.

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ANNEX VI. COMMUNITY PROTECTED AREAS TABLE 8: STATUS OF COMMUNITY PROTECTED AREAS SUPPORTED BY USAID GPL

Mgt. Steps of CPA Location Plan Accreditation Establishment4 No. CPA Name Appr. Date Protected Village Commune District Province 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Area A Phlaonh Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 1 Phnomdei Char Kantuot Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 9-Dec-16 Akphivoat Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 2 Prey Veng Prey Veng Srayang Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep 28-Feb-12 Boeng √ √ √ √ 3 Angkor Ent Boeng Char Char Sambour Kratie BCC 2-Apr-19 Anlong Thala √ √ √ √ 4 Anlong Chrey Anlong Chrey Chrey Barivat Stung Treng Prey Lang 8-Jan-19 Thala √ √ √ √ 5 Anlong Phe Anlong Phe Anlong Phe Barivat Stung Treng Prey Lang 8-Jan-19 Bangkan √ √ √ 6 Senchey Bangkan Rieb Roy Rovieng Preah Vihear Prey Lang 9-May-19 Krasaing Chey, Baray Touch, Baray Thum, Thnal Thmei, Thnal Cheat, Svay, √ Chi Aok, , Ou North Suosdei, Chakto Tonle Sap louk, Pou Pir, (Baray 7 Baray5 Banak Baray Baray Kampong Thom BFCA) N/A

4 Step 1: Participatory Assessment and Consultation, Step 2: CPA Establishment Application, Step 3: Organization of CPA Structure, Step 4: CPA Boundary Demarcation, Step 5: CPA By-law Development, Step 6: CPA Management Plan and Development, Step 7: Development of CPA Management Agreement, and Step 8: Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanism.

5 Baray is a CFi in the process of being converted to a CPA.

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Mgt. Steps of CPA Location Plan Accreditation Establishment4 No. CPA Name Appr. Date Protected Village Commune District Province 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Area Kampong Baray Kham Sralau √ √ √ √ √ 8 Keut Kham Keut Muoy Chhaeb Preah Vihear Chhaeb 10-Oct-17 Chhean Tbaeng Phnom √ √ √ 9 Chak Angrae Bak Kam Mukh Mean Chey Preah Vihear Tbaeng 25-Nov-19 Chaom Mrech Tralaek and Prasat BCC/Beng √ √ √ √ √ 10 (Sala Visai) Andas Sala Visai Ballangk Kampong Thom Per 8-May-03 Choam Ta Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 11 Meun Choam Srae Yeang Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 28-Mar-12 Dang Tuek, Krang Daeum, Ngon, Rovieng, Sralau, √ √ √ √ Svay, Veal Pring 12 Choam Thlork Leu Ngan Sandan Kampong Thom Beng Per 23-Jul-10 North Tonle Sap Krayea Tboung, (Trea √ √ √ Damnak Anlong Chour, Prasat Samaki 13 Korkoh Bos Thom, Baray Krayea Ballangk Kampong Thom BFCA) N/A Chhean Tbaeng Phnom √ √ √ 14 Datavoek Moha Phal Mukh Mean Chey Preah Vihear Tbaeng 25-Nov-19 Kampong Boeng √ √ √ √ √ 15 Domrey Kampong Damrey Char Sambour Kratie BCC 2-Apr-19 Kampong Boeng √ √ √ √ √ 16 Khbeoung Koah Dambang Char Sambour Kratie BCC 2-Apr-19 Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 17 Kantuot Kantuot Kantuot Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 9-Dec-16 Kbal √ √ √ √ √ 18 Dounkrey Boeng Mean Rith Sandan Kampong Thom BCC 17-Jan-19 Anlong Thala √ √ √ √ 19 Kiri Sok San Kiri Sok San Chrey Barivat Stung Treng Prey Lang 8-Jan-19 Boeng √ √ √ √ √ 20 Koah Entchey Kampong Roteh Char Sambour Kratie BCC 2-Apr-19 Sre Veal Lech and Dang BCC/Beng √ √ √ √ √ 21 Koki Prohaong Sampoar Touch Kambet Sandan Kampong Thom Per 23-Jul-10

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Mgt. Steps of CPA Location Plan Accreditation Establishment4 No. CPA Name Appr. Date Protected Village Commune District Province 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Area 22 Kong Meas Krang Sochet Sandan Kampong Thom BCC 17-Jan-19 √ √ √ √ √ North Tonle Sap (Tuol Kreul √ √ √ Phan Prasat Nheum 6 23 Ou Domdek Mreak Kor Toul Kreul Ballangk Kampong Thom BFCA) N/A Thala √ √ √ √ 24 Ph'av Ph'av Anlong Phe Barivat Stung Treng Prey Lang 8-Jan-19 Phnom Chrach, Chroap Trey Chamraeun, and √ √ √ 25 Ksant Phlaoch Chrach Chey Saen Preah Vihear Prey Lang 5-Mar-19 Pakdevoat, Pramoul Phdom, √ √ √ and Damnak 26 Phnom L'ang Trach Chrach Chey Saen Preah Vihear Prey Lang 5-Mar-19

27 Phoum Peuk Peuk Putrea Chey Saen Preah Vihear Prey Lang 9-May-19 √ √ √ Prasat Chheu √ √ √ 28 Teal Kaong Thmea Thmea Chey Saen Preah Vihear Prey Lang 5-Mar-19 Prasat Phnom √ √ √ 29 Kreal Phneak Roluek Thmea Chey Saen Preah Vihear Prey Lang 5-Mar-19 Prey Andoung √ √ √ √ √ 30 Dang Phlet Dang Phlet Chhaeb Pir Chhaeb Preah Vihear Chhaeb 20-Nov-18 Prey Chheu Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 31 Phleung Kaong Yaong Yeang Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 9-Dec-16 Prey Slaeng Toul and √ √ √ 32 Kamraeng Srae Rieb Roy Rovieng Preah Vihear BCC 9-May-19 Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 33 Prey Kdar Kampenh Yeang Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 9-Dec-16

6 Ou Domdek is a CF in the process of being converted to a CPA.

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Mgt. Steps of CPA Location Plan Accreditation Establishment4 No. CPA Name Appr. Date Protected Village Commune District Province 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Area Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 34 Prey Phdao Tel Srayang Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep 28-Mar-12 Kampong Sralau √ √ √ √ √ 35 Prey Pir L'veng Kampong Sangkae Muoy Chhaeb Preah Vihear Chhaeb 10-Oct-17 Prey Thmor Tbaeng Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 36 Koul Okak Pou Mean Chey Preah Vihear Promtep 2-Apr-13 Choam √ √ √ 37 Prey Toap Krala Peas Pring Thum Ksant Preah Vihear Preah Roka 15-Sep-19 Kulen √ √ 38 Rohal Svay Thnal Baek Thmei Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep N/A Kulen √ √ 39 Rolum Thma Damnak Kantuot Thmei Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep N/A Rolum Tuek Khmao Tuek Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 40 Sar Reaksmei Yeang Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 28-Mar-12 Sambo Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 41 Akphivoat Sambo Srayang Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep 28-Feb-12 Stueng Saen Kulen √ √ 42 Sangkae Thom Monourom Thmei Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep N/A Danghet, Krasang, Prasat Andaet, Sandan and √ √ √ √ √ √ 43 Skor Krouch Prey Kokir Ngan Sandan Kampong Thom Beng Per 23-Jul-10

44 Srae Veal Srae Veal Thmea Chey Saen Preah Vihear Prey Lang 5-Mar-19 √ √ √ Sraong Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 45 Aphlaonh Yeang Yeang Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 9-Dec-16 Kulen √ √ 46 Takok Tanun Pongro Thmei Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep N/A Chhean Tbaeng Phnom √ √ √ 47 Tangyou Sedthkakech Mukh Mean Chey Preah Vihear Tbaeng 16-Sep-19 Tmat Paeuy Thoeurn- Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 48 krasang Tmat Paeuy Pring Thum Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 11-May-04

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Mgt. Steps of CPA Location Plan Accreditation Establishment4 No. CPA Name Appr. Date Protected Village Commune District Province 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Area Thala √ √ √ √ 49 Toal Toal Anlong Phe Barivat Stung Treng Prey Lang 8-Jan-19 Kampong Trapeang Sralau √ √ √ √ √ 50 Phong Muoy Chhaeb Preah Vihear Chhaeb 10-Oct-17 Kulen √ √ 51 Trapeang Svay Dan Thmei Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep N/A Tumnob Or Choam Kulen √ √ √ √ √ 52 Ta Kaek Antil Yeang Ksant Preah Vihear Promtep 28-Mar-12 Kulen √ √ 53 Veal Tachroy Travkeat Thmei Kuleaen Preah Vihear Promtep N/A

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Figure 4: Prey Lang Extended Landscape community protected areas (CPAs) supported by USAID GPL (CPAs that are in the process of being recognized by MoE are noted as “in the process”)

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TABLE 9: USAID GPL SUPPORT FOR CPA DEVELOPMENT

Activity CPAs Province Koki Prohaong, Kong Meas, Kbal Dounkrey, Choam Mrech (Sala Visai), Choam Thlork, Skor Krouch, Kbal Dounkrey, Kampong Thom and Koki Prohaong CPAs Kampong Damrey, Kampong Khbeoung, Angkor Ent, and Kratie Koah Entchey CPAs Capacity development Prey Toap, Chak Angrae, Datavoek, Tangyou, Prasat Chheu Teal Keong, Prasat Phnom Kreal, Srea Veal, Phnom Preah Vihear L’ang, Phoum Peuk, Phnom Chroap Trey Ksant, Prey Chheu Phleung, Prey Thmor, and Sraong Aphlaonh CPAs Anlong Phe, Toal, Ph’av, Kiri Sok San, Anlong Chrey, and Stung Treng Kiri Sok San CPAs Choam Mrech, Choam Thlork, and Skor Krouch CPAs Kampong Thom Akphivath Prek Kampongcham CFi, Prey Hom Chomtith and Prey Andoung CFs, Damnak Korkoh CPA, and Baray, Kampong Thom Chong Doung, Kraya, Phan Nheum, Sameakki, Trea, and (North Tonle Sap) Tuol Kreul communities Consultation, establishment, A Phlaonh Phnomdei, Bangkan Senchey, Chak Angrae, organization Datavoek, Phnom Chroap Trey Ksant, Phnom L’ang, Phoum Peuk, Prasat Chheu Teal Kaong, Prasat Phnom Kreal, Prey Kamraeng, Prey Phdao,Prey Toap, Srea Veal, Preah Vihear and Tangyou CPAs and Damnak Kantuot, Dan, Pongro, Stueng Saen, Thnal Baek, and Travkeat villages Doung, Kaes and Spong villages Stung Treng Kbal Dounkrey, Kong Meas, Koki Prohaong, Choam Kampong Thom Thlork, and Skor Krouch CPAs Boundary demarcation Angkor Ent, Koah Entchey, Kampong Damrey, Kampong Kratie Kboeung, and Kampong Khbeoung CPAs A Phlaonh Phnomdei, Prey Andoung Dang Phlet CPAs Preah Vihear Koki Prohoang, Choam Thlork, and Skor Krouch CPAs Kampong Thom and Kbal Ou Kranhak CF Kampong Thom Damnak Korkoh CPA and Sray Kasan CF (North Tonle Sap) Angkor Ent, Kampong Damrey, Kampong Khbeoung, and Kratie Koah Entchey CPAs By-laws Prey Toap, Tangyou, Chak Angrae, Datavoek, Phnom Chroap Trey Ksant, Phnom L'ang, Phoum Peuk, Prasat Preah Vihear Chheu Teal Kaong, Prasat Phnom Kreal, Prey Kamraeng, and Srae Veal CPAs Anglong Phe, Ph’av, Toal, Kiri Sok San, and A Phlaonh Stung Treng Phnomdei CPAs Management plans, Tmat Paeuy Thoeurnkrasang CPA Preah Vihear agreements Akphivoat Prey Veng, A Phlaonh Phnomdei, Bangkan Senchey, Baray Kham Keut, Chak Angrae, Choam Ta Meun, Datavoek, Phnom Chroap Trey Ksant, Phnom L’ang, Phoum Peak, Prasat Chheu Teal Kaong, Prasat Phnom CPA monthly meetings Preah Vihear Kreal, Prey Andoung Dang Phlet, Prey Chheu Phleung, Prey Kamraeng, Prey Kdar, Prey Phdao, Prey Pir L'veng, Prey Thmor Koul, Prey Toap Prey Veng, Rolum Tuek Khmao Tuek Sar, Sambo Akphivoat, Srae Veal, Sraong

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Activity CPAs Province Aphlaonh, Tangyou, Tmat Paeuy Thoeurnkrasang, Trapeang Phong, and Tumbob Or Ta Kaek CPAs Kampong Thom, Anlong Chrey, Anlong Phe, Kiri Sok San, Ph’av, Toal, Koki CPA network quarterly Kratie, Preah Prohaong, Koh Entchey, Kbal Dounkrey, Kong Meas, Ph’av, meetings Vihear, Stung Kampong Khbeoung, and Kampong Damrey CPAs Treng

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ANNEX VII. COMMUNITY FORESTS TABLE 10: STATUS OF COMMUNITY FORESTS SUPPORTED BY USAID GPL

7 Location Accreditation Steps of CF Establishment No. CF Name Village Commune District Province Date 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Bos Yeay Prasat Kampong 8 1 Nheb Khmak Sala Visai Ballangk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Chrab Phnom Chey Preah 8 2 Dambouk Khyang Khyang Saen Vihear √ Reach Preah 8 3 Chamreun Kaoh Ker Srayang Kuleaen Vihear √ Kunapheap Community Kunakpheap Preah 8 4 Forestry Muoy Chhaeb Pir Chhaeb Vihear Kampong 5 L’bos Srol Rang Khnay Mean Rith Sandan Thom 20-Aug-10 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Kampong 6 Ou Das Sko Sam Aong Mean Rith Sandan Thom 20-Aug-10 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Tnaot Chuor, Ou Doun Boeng Prasat Kampong 8 7 Sao Khvaek Sraeung Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Ou Khla Prasat Kampong 8 8 Dek Bos Veaeng Sala Visai Ballangk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prasat Kampong 8 9 Ou Saom Sala Visai Sala Visai Ballangk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

7 Step 0: Identification of potential CF areas, Step 1: CF establishment, Step 2: Information gathering, Step 3: Establishment of community forestry management structure, Step 4: Preparation of internal by-laws of CF management committee/board of directors/commune council, Step 5: Demarcation of community forest boundaries and mapping, Step 6: Preparation of CF regulations, Step 7: Preparation and approval of the CF agreement, Step 8: Preparation of the CF Management Plan, Step 9: Enterprise development, Step 10: Implementation of CF Management Plan, and Step 11: Monitoring and evaluation will be carried out in close collaboration with the National Forest Programme Monitoring and Reporting..

8 Supported under the grant to RECOFTC.

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7 Location Accreditation Steps of CF Establishment No. CF Name Village Commune District Province Date 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Phnom Daek Chambok Preah 8 10 Hoh Phnum Daek Romoneiy Rovieng Vihear Phnom Pich Phnum Preah 8 11 Borey Pnov Penh Kuleaen Vihear Phnom Preah Chey Preah 8 12 Ent Trung Meun Reach Khyang Saen Vihear √ Kunakpheap Preah 8 13 Pra Pir Chhaeb Pir Chhaeb Vihear Preah Prasat Kampong 8 14 Sophea Chramas Sambour Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Tang Prasat Kampong 8 15 Prey Banteay Tang Krasau Krasau Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Cheung Choam Kampong 8 16 Phum Thnanh Ti Pou Santuk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Hong Trapeang Kampong 17 Chomtith Tralach Mean Rith Sandan Thom 20-Aug-10 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Damrei Kampong Kampong 8 18 Prey Hum Damrei Slab Slab Svay Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Kbal Kampong 8 19 Bei Kbal Bei Ti Pou Santuk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Kbal Ou Tboung Kampong 8 20 Kranhak Tuek Mean Rith Sandan Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Pou Roung, Prey Khum Pren, Ansa, Kampong 21 Sochet Trayang Sochet Sandan Thom 19-Nov-08 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Ou Kampong 22 Bosleav Ronteah Tum Ring Sandan Thom 20-Aug-10 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Ou Kampong 23 Kranhoung Choam Svay Mean Rith Sandan Thom 20-Aug-10 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Roung Prasat Kampong 8 24 Khnong Beng Sraeung Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Srae Kampong 25 Pring Srae Pring Sochet Sandan Thom 20-Aug-10 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Kampong 8 26 Prey Tatey Kanti Mean Rith Sandan Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

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7 Location Accreditation Steps of CF Establishment No. CF Name Village Commune District Province Date 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Chhuk Kampong 8 27 Prey Tayong Rumduol Ti Pou Santuk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Tboung Tboung Kampong 8 28 Damrey Chong Da Krapeu Santuk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Trapeang Trapeang Kampong 8 29 Sandan Trom Ti Pou Santuk Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Samaki Trapeang Trapeang Preah 8 30 Tontuem Tontuem Romtum Rovieng Vihear √ Prasat Kampong 8 31 Sambo Sambour Sambour Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Trapeang Prasat Kampong 8 32 Srey Yol Chruk Sambour Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Trapeang Kampong Kampong 8 33 L'peak Nipech ka Nipech Svay Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Trapeang Trapeang Prasat Kampong 8 34 Prey Sala Chhuk Sambour Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Prey Tob, Koun Tnaot, Trapeang Trapeang Kampong Kampong 8 35 Roung Areaks Chey,Chey Svay Thom √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

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Figure 5: Prey Lang Extended Landscape community forests (CFs) supported by USAID GPL

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ANNEX VIII. ORGANIZATIONAL CHARTS

Figure 6: Phnom Penh office organization chart

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Figure 7: Preah Vihear Landscape office organization chart

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Figure 8: Kampong Thom Landscape office organization chart

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ANNEX IX. PLEL SUSTAINABLE FINANCE PLAN KEY SUSTAINABLE FINANCE INITIATIVES PLEL Sustainable Finance Plan key sustainable finance mechanisms were assessed in FY20 to determine feasibility for USAID GPL to pursue based on opportunities and risks and enabling governance and policy environment. Table 11 below includes the findings from this assessment. TABLE 11: KEY SUSTAINABLE FINANCE INITIATIVES

Finance Category Finance Type Finance Mechanism Findings

The Commune Investment Fund (CIF) is a viable conservation finance mechanism and an important component of the USAID GPL community engagement strategy. Investments are directed through a Commune Investment Plan (CIP). Anticipating a large CIF budget increase Financing from Cambodian government Allocation Commune Investment Funds from 2020 onwards, per communications with NCDD, USAID GPL has been working with communities to use some of this increased funding towards conservation outcomes. However, the CIF budget increase has not yet been realized with officials citing COVID-19 related financial shortfalls. This SEF has not yet been established. The intent is for it to hold MoE funds from a range of donors and programs. If Financing from Cambodian government Fund MoE Environment and Social Fund (SEF) established, the fund would provide USAID GPL the opportunity to guide investments within the PLEL that are aligned with donor and program targets. USAID GPL has engaged with FA to collaborate on sustainable finance initiatives. Agreements to this end have not yet been established. If these agreements proceed, FA National Forest Development Fund Financing from Cambodian government Fund the NFDF, as with the SEF, may provide (NFDF) USAID GPL the opportunity to guide investments towards PLEL conservation targets if they align with fund objectives and requirements.

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Finance Category Finance Type Finance Mechanism Findings

As with the NFDF, economic land concession (ELC) engagement will require agreements with FA. USAID GPL has proposed supporting the development of land use reallocation within cancelled ELCs Financing from Cambodian government Concession Economic Land Concessions to support public-private partnership (PPP) sustainable agriculture projects that conserve remaining habitat within the cancelled ELCs and provide livelihood opportunities for surround communities. Due to unclear tenure, lack of finance mechanisms within protected area law, and incomplete zonation, broad scale NFTP product development within protected areas is currently not viable as these Broad range of NTFP types with direct activities hold far too much risk to attract Domestic private sector financing NTFP community livelihood links investors. NTFP related opportunities outside of the protected area network will be pursued if an agreement with FA can be obtained. Small-scale NTFP programs are currently included within USAID GPL livelihood activities. Cambodia has seen increased solar power development over the last two years with 80 MW, 60 MW, and a 10 MW photovoltaic plants coming online. These developments Domestic private sector financing PPP Micro-grid energy provide opportunity to advance micro-grid programs as in-country technical capacity, access to materials, and successful pilots may draw investment interest in community scale installations. Certified agriculture remains a key USAID GPL sustainable finance strategy through our Domestic private sector financing PPP Certified agriculture support of IBIS Rice program. IBIS Rice has brought in $500,000 in loans to finance rice purchases in the last two years alone.

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Finance Category Finance Type Finance Mechanism Findings

As with NTFP unclear tenure, lack of finance mechanisms within protected area law, and incomplete zonation, plantation agriculture Green supply chain plantation agriculture development within protected areas is Domestic private sector financing PPP (e.g., sustainably sourced fuelwood) currently not viable. Forestry related PPP opportunities outside of the protected area network will be pursued if an agreement with PA can be obtained. Cambodia is perceived as high risk for investments. However, advances in programs such as IBIS Rice and REDD+ are starting to draw investor interest. USAID GPL has supported USAID Green Invest International private sector financing PPP Private equity financing/impact investment Asia to identify a range of finance opportunities, including equity investment, to support IBIS Rice. This work is being done by Mekong Strategic Partners under a USAID Green Invest Asia Short Term Technical Assistance contract. Through a feasibility study, USAID GPL has identified nested REDD+ in Cambodia’s Northern Plains Landscape in Preah Vihear province as having the greatest potential for bringing in large scale private sector finance. USAID GPL is supporting nested REDD+ development in the Northern Plains and in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary under the JCM International private sector financing PPP Nested REDD+ REDD+ program with Japan. USAID GPL anticipates that Northern Plains REDD+ will be ready for private sector finance in 2021. The JCM REDD+ project is already bringing in private finance from Mitsui. USAID GPL will support the expansion of the JCM REDD+ in YR3. USAID GPL works closely with the REDD+ Secretariat and the REDD+ Taskforce on policy development to

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Finance Category Finance Type Finance Mechanism Findings

direct private sector finance to project level conservation activities. Conservation and environment grants remain and important source of finance within the PLEL. USAID GPL supports WCS Conservation and environment grants (e.g., and CI in their efforts to seek international International public sector financing Grant from international development banks, public finance, such as nearly $100,000 from bilateral aid, public charitable trusts) Mekong Region Land Governance and nearly $180,000 from Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies which build upon USAID GPL activities. To be viable, a conservation trust fund requires very large cash investments before interest returns are sizable enough to achieve even modest conservation International public sector financing Fund Conservation trust funds outcomes. This could come into play if site- specific finance activities generate revenue greatly in excess of immediate needs such as from large REDD+ carbon transactions. Most international public sector financing for REDD+ is focused on national level REDD+ development. However, national programs, including Cambodia, are increasingly including REDD+ nesting within their programs. Currently this is targeting private finance, but these developments could result International public sector financing PES Nested REDD+ in nested REDD+ project carbon credits being purchased through multilateral compliance markets. USAID GPL works closely with the REDD+ Secretariat and the REDD+ Taskforce on policy development to support public sector finance for project level conservation activities. As with conservation and environment grants, Green Climate Fund (GCF) grants International public sector financing Grant Green Climate Fund provide an important opportunity to bring international public sector finance into the

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Finance Category Finance Type Finance Mechanism Findings

PLEL. USAID GPL is supporting a GCF application by CI with WCS and WWF as partners to bolster protected area conservation, improve national REDD+ capacity, and to develop finance infrastructure for REDD+ finance management. As with conservation and environment grants, Global Environment Facility (GEF) International public sector financing Grant Global Environmental Facility grants provide an important opportunity to bring international public sector finance into the PLEL.

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ANNEX X. ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS TABLE 12: LIST OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS SUBMITTED THIS YEAR

Date Document Name File Type Submitted

USAID Greening Prey Lang Annual Report #1 DOC 11/15/2019

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin December 2 to December 6, 2019 DOC 12/9/2019

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin December 9 to December 13, 2019 DOC 12/16/2019

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin December 16 to December 20, 2019 DOC 12/23/2019

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin December 23 to December 27, 2019 DOC 12/30/2019

USAID Greening Prey Lang First Quarterly Report FY20 PDF 3/9/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin December 30, 2019 to January 3, 2020 DOC 1/6/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin January 6 to 10, 2020 DOC 1/13/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin January 13 to 17, 2020 DOC 1/20/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin January 20 to 24, 2020 DOC 1/27/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin January 27 to 31, 2020 DOC 2/3/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin February 3 to 7, 2020 DOC 2/10/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin February 10 to 14, 2020 DOC 2/16/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin February 17 to 21, 2020 DOC 2/24/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin February 24 to 28, 2020 DOC 3/2/2020

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USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin March 2 to 6, 2020 DOC 3/9/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin March 16 to 20, 2020 DOC 3/23/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin March 23 to 27, 2020 DOC 3/30/2020

USAID Greening Prey Lang Second Quarterly Report FY20 DOC 4/30/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin March 30 to April 3, 2020 DOC 4/6/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin April 6 to 10, 2020 DOC 4/13/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin April 13 to 17, 2020 DOC 4/20/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin April 20 to 24, 2020 DOC 4/27/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin April 27 to 30, 2020 DOC 5/4/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin May 4 to 8, 2020 DOC 5/11/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin May 11 to 15, 2020 DOC 5/18/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin May 18 to 22, 2020 DOC 5/25/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin May 25 to 29, 2020 DOC 6/1/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin June 1 to 5, 2020 DOC 6/8/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin June 8 to 12, 2020 DOC 6/15/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin June 15 to 19, 2020 DOC 6/22/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin June 22 to 26, 2020 DOC 6/29/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin June 29 to July 3, 2020 DOC 7/6/2020

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USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin July 6 to 10, 2020 DOC 7/13/2020 USAID Greening Prey Lang Rapid Assessment of COVID-19 Impacts on Community Livelihoods and Natural Resources DOC 7/16/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin July 13 to 17, 2020 DOC 7/20/2020

USAID Greening Prey Lang Third Quarterly Report FY20 DOC 7/30/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin July 27 to 31, 2020 DOC 8/3/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin August 3 to 7, 2020 DOC 8/10/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin August 10 to 14, 2020 DOC 8/17/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin August 24 to 28, 2020 DOC 8/31/2020

USAID Greening Prey Lang Northern Plains Landscape REDD+ Feasibility Assessment DOC 9/2/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin August 31 to September 4, 2020 DOC 9/7/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin September 7 to 11, 2020 DOC 9/14/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin September 14 to 18, 2020 DOC 9/21/2020

USAID GPL Weekly Bulletin September 21 to 25, 2020 DOC 9/28/2020

USAID Greening Prey Lang Year Three Work Plan DOC 8/31/2020

USAID Greening Prey Lang Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning Plan (2020 Update) DOC 9/23/2020

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ANNEX XI. ELECTRONIC DATASETS TABLE 13: LIST OF ELECTRONIC DATASETS SUBMITTED THIS FISCAL YEAR

Date Dataset File Type Submitted USAID Greening Prey Lang commune, district, and province ArcGIS 10/11/2019 GIS files USAID Greening Prey Lang FY19 M&E database and supporting PDF, XLSX, JPEG, JFIF 12/5/2019 documentation USAID Greening Prey Lang FY20 first quarter participant USAID TraiNet system input 1/14/2020 training data USAID Greening Prey Lang administrative areas (provincial and USAID GeoCenter system 3/30/2020 protected area) data input USAID Greening Prey Lang FY20 second quarter participant training data USAID TEAMS input 6/1/2020 USAID Greening Prey Lang FY20 second quarter participant training data USAID TEAMS input 8/28/2020

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ANNEX XII. ACTIVITY VISUAL STORIES FOREST IS LIFE: ENDANGERED ANIMALS AND LIVELIHOODS Being a little less talk and a lot more action, Sor Veth, 41, has spent nearly 10 years protecting the forest resources that are critical to the small rural community of Tum Ring. Born and raised here, he describes the forest as both a home to amazing wildlife and bird species and a source of livelihoods for his community. Living in Prey Srae Pring Community Forest are some of the world’s most endangered animals – Green Peafowl, Great Hornbill, red muntjac, and sambar deer. Sor Veth’s community also relies on the forest for non-timber forest products, such as fruits, nuts, medicinal plants, bamboo, mushrooms, and rattan. Sor Veth didn’t expect to make a career of forest protection. He didn’t have a lot of confidence when he started out as a forest guard, and other Sor Veth, Chief of Prey Srae Pring Community Forest, with supplies provided by USAID GPL for forest patrols villagers looked down on him because he was a poor, quiet farmer. But with time on the job, he’s earned people’s respect. After being elected deputy chief, Sor Veth demonstrated strong leadership and conservation skills, so the community forest members were delighted to appoint him chief. “I grew up in this forest and I’m working to protect it. Offenders don’t like me because I stop them from cutting the forest, taking land that isn’t theirs, and illegally hunting. But I’m not discouraged when they get Prey Srae Pring Community Forest is in the the upper reaches of Stung upset with me – I know I’ve done the right thing Chinit River in Kampong Thom province, Cambodia because this forest is my home.” Illegal logging and hunting often take place when there is poor governance. But there’s been a decrease in illegal activities in Prey Srae Pring Community Forest since Sor Veth and his community worked with local authorities to start a regular join patrol with rangers. With adequate supplies, community forest members can safely and effectively conduct joint patrols. “I do not hesitate to confront the challenges of protecting the forest. I will not let people who don’t love the forest destroy our precious natural resources. They are too important.” Traditional rituals provide a source of strength and courage for Prey Srae Pring Community Forest members when they prepare to go out on patrol

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USAID Greening Prey Lang recognizes the challenges Sor Veth and the other community forest members face and has been working closely with the Royal Government of Cambodia to support protected area management, build capacity for law enforcement, and provide the necessary equipment for regular patrols in the Cambodia’s Prey Lang Extended Landscape.

Prey Srae Pring Community Forest members depend on non-timber forest products for their livelihoods

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CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGY: EMPOWERING A FEMALE RANGER After graduating from university, Chhin Phatthavdy, 31, left her home and family in the city and went to work in the forest. She says feels she is a part of nature, and she wants to protect the forest and the wildlife that live there. Chhin Phatthavdy is one of small number of female rangers who work in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary in northern Cambodia. “I am proud to be a ranger. It’s what I most want to do; it’s not something someone asks me to do. No one supported my decision to work with male rangers in the forest. At first, the other rangers thought I wasn’t the Chhin Phatthavdy, right, usually conducts forest right person to do this job. Despite this criticism, I have been confident patrols in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary with an all to stick with it.” male team Chhin Phatthavdy has been working as a ranger since 2017. She’s committed to overcoming the challenges and is eager to build her capacity in law enforcement. She knows there aren’t many female rangers, so she pledges to do her best as a “female forest guard” to inspire others to address gender diversity in conservation work. Chhin Phatthavdy takes her career development seriously and attends as Chhin Phatthavdy, left, was with her classmate when she studied at a university in Phnom Penh, Cambodia much training as she can to become a better ranger. She’s trained in use of camera traps for field data collection and GPS devices for navigation, as well as in patrol techniques, general law enforcement, and gender mainstreaming. Utilizing technology to better support conservation, USAID Greening Prey Lang provided drone operator training to Cambodian government rangers. Chhin Phatthavdy was the only female ranger trainee Chhin Phatthavdy Is using a GPS device to record her daily patrolling among nine male team leaders. activities “First, I found it hard to operate a drone, but now that I’ve practiced, it’s pretty easy. It’s an advanced technology device that will help rangers to effectively conduct aerial patrols to monitor illegal activities and collect evidence for court.” Since starting out, Chhin Phatthavdy has built her confidence and capacity as a strong female ranger who can perform the job like male rangers do in the field. “I am so happy I’ve been able to overcome the significant challenges to being a female ranger. At first, there was a lot of pressure from my family. They didn’t want me to do this, Chhin Phatthavdy, middle, practices operating a drone to take but now they’re proud. And I get along well with my male aerial imagery of the landscape as part of a law enforcement colleagues. We always help each other with respect.”. training

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HOPE FOR CHANGE: ADVANCED PRACTICES FOR MODERN FARMING Houen Khun, 55 years old with 5 children, lives in the rural farming village of Khos, Cambodia. Ever since she was a little girl, she’s worked on a farm. As a child, she helped her parents to grow crops. When she grew up, she married a farmer. In the beginning, Houen Khun rented a small plot of land to grow crops and sell at the market in her village. Eventually she saved enough to buy her own, bigger plot land. Houen Khun’s land is surrounded by rubber plantations. But her crops are diversified – she grows durian, rambutan, corn, pumpkin, eggplant, green Houen Khun harvests crops to supply her local market onion, cucumber, papaya, bitter gourd, green long beans, and a variety of other crops. Her farm is always green, even in the dry season. Houen Khun’s agricultural products have long been the main supply for her local market. “I learned farming from my parents as a traditional practice. I use natural fertilizer – no chemicals – and quality seeds. That’s why my products are so popular.” Because she grows crops year-round and is committed to not converting forest land to Drip irrigation, which is installed on Houen Khun’s farm, is a new argriculture tool to improve farming practices agricultural land, Houen Khun has been selected, along with several other farmers, to participate in a farmer field school to teach better farming practices for improved livelihoods. USAID Greening Prey Lang supports agriculture producer groups to build farming capacity and link their products to buyers. Farmers and buyers sign a contract on agriculture production supply when farmers meet buyer requirements. Houen Khun’s farm has been selected as a demonstration farm where other farmers can come to learn to grow diversified crops. Houeng Khun plays an important role in helping other farmers learn to grow their crops to supply the market demand. “Demonstration farms can contribute to increased productivity and will improve the lives of farmers and the environment when we shift from traditional to modern technologies. New techniques and modern agricultural tools will also help us to grow better crops, lower the cost of production, increase sale price, and help us not need chemicals. I am happy to be a role model for my community.” Houen Khum is presented with a tank to store water for her demonstration farm

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USAID Greening Prey Lang supports the installation of water Houen Khum presented theuse of water tank to store water for crop production to USAID representatives and other stakeholders tank and drip irrigation systems at demonstration farm like Houeng Khun’s to assist farmers in learning by doing.

An aerial view of Houen Khum’s farm, illustrating diversified crop production

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ANNEX XIII. USAID GPL COVID-19 POLICIES

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U.S. Agency for International Development 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20523 Tel: (202) 712-0000 Fax: (202) 216-3524 USAID GREENING PREY LANG: SECOND ANNUAL REPwww.usaid.govORT 158