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49019-001: Sustainable Management of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid

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49019-001: Sustainable Management of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 49019-001 December 2017 People's Republic of China: Sustainable Management of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Appendix 1 Prepared by the China Urban Construction Design & Research Co., Ltd. Beijing, the People's Republic of China For the Tianjin Municipal Government This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. TA-8963 PRC: Sustainable Management of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (49019-001) Appendix 1 Summary of Workshops Appendix 1 Summary of Workshops Three workshops were held under this TA. An inception workshop was held on September 6th 2016 to discuss project scope, implementation schedule and initial findings during mobilization stage. The interim workshop was held on July 4, 2017, introducing TA findings and discussing policy and technical recommendations among government regulators, incineration plant operators and researchers and academies. Altogether 60 participants attended the interim workshop. The final workshop was held on December 12th, 2017, disseminating TA findings and training management and technical staff from incineration plant operators and fly ash disposal facilities. Totally 78 participants attended the workshop. This appendix includes summary, agenda, photos and participant lists of workshops. A1.1 Minutes of Inception Workshop PARTICIPANTS For Asian Development Bank Mr. Stefan Rau Urban Development Specialist [email protected] For Tianjin Finance Bureau (Executing Agency (a)) Mr. ZHANG Jiliang Director of Financial Department [email protected] Mrs. CHEN Yan Vice Consultant of Financial Department [email protected] Mrs. SUN Guoying Principle Staff of Financial Department [email protected] Mr. MA Fengju Vice Principle Staff of Financial Department [email protected] For Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau (Executing Agency (b)) Mrs. SUN Yu Vice Director of Solid Waste Department [email protected] For Tianjin Safe Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash Technology Engineering Center (Implementing Agency) Mr. ZHANG Shuguang Director [email protected] Mrs. WANG Juanjuan Project Manager [email protected] Mrs. ZHANG Yuanyuan R&D Engineer [email protected] For China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. (TA consultants) Mr. NIE Yongfeng TL/International Solid Waste Management and Waste Incineration Plant Specialist Mr. WANG Qi DTL/National Solid Waste Policy, Standards, and Institutional Specialist Mr. YANG Shiqiao National Solid Waste Management and Waste Incineration Plant Specialist Mr. WANG Jianwei National Environment Specialist Mr. LIU Jinghao Director of Environmental Sanitation Center/ Project Director Mrs. XUE Yuwei Research Fellow of Environmental Sanitation Center/ Project Manager Mrs. DONG Weiqun Engineer/ Interpreter 1 TA-8963 PRC: Sustainable Management of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (49019-001) Appendix 1 Summary of Workshops 1. Opening remarks Director Mr. ZHANG Jiliang welcomed the ADB project manager and representatives from EAs (Tianjin Finance Bureau and Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau), IA (Tianjin Safe Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash Technology Engineering Center) and consultants to attend the inception workshop and introduced the attendees from EAs and IA. Mrs. CHEN Yan introduced some requirements of Ministry of Finance (MOF) for ADB projects. According to No. 14 document issued by MOF in 2012, EA shall evaluate the performance of ADB TA project managers as well as the international consulting firms and submit corresponding evaluation reports annually. Agreement on copying EAs, IA on all email communications is reached. 2. Project Introduction Mr. Stefan Rau briefly introduced the TA. There are five outputs of the TA: a) Analysis of existing incineration fly ash treatment technologies and policies; b) Technical guidelines and standards for safe treatment, utilization and reuse of fly ash; c) policy recommendations on safe treatment, utilization and reuse of fly ash; d) web-based database and information service platform; e) capacity development training and study tours. The implementation starts in May 2016 and will finish in July 2017. 3. Overview of fly ash treatment Mr. NIE Yongfeng briefly introduced the current status of fly ash treatment. a) Characteristics of MSW incineration plants and fly ash generation in China Currently in China, there are about 200 incineration plants in operation, in addition to the ones being built or planned, the number will reach 400-900 in a few years. Two characteristics of incineration plants in China are, firstly, the site selection is hard, it is common to have several plants in one location; and secondly, the capacity of the plants is increasing with daily treatment amount of 3000t, 4000t or even 5000t. The current fly ash generation rate is about 2.5%, i.e., 25t fly ash is generated by incinerating 1000t solid waste. Therefore, for a MSW incineration plant with daily treatment of 4000r or 5000t, about 100-125t fly ash will be generated every day. b) Characteristics and trend of fly ash in China According to past research and investigations, the characteristics of fly ash in China are as follows: (i) High chloride content, normally around 30% by weight and is increasing recently. Due to different life style, the chloride content in fly ash of European countries is under 10- 20%, while in east Asia such as Korea and Japan, the content is between 20-30%. The chloride content has great impact on solidification, stabilization and reuse of fly ash. (ii) High heavy metal content, especially lead and zinc, total content can exceed 5% by weight. (iii) Dioxins. The more thorough treatment of flue gas, the less dioxins in flue gas, but the higher dioxin content in fly ash. c) Fly ash treatment development in China 2 TA-8963 PRC: Sustainable Management of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (49019-001) Appendix 1 Summary of Workshops Chinese government pays much attention to fly ash treatment. As solid waste incineration started to develop massively in China, the China State Environmental Protection Administration regulated the fly ash as hazardous waste and must be collected and solidified before final disposal in hazardous waste landfills. However, it was found later that there is not enough capacity in the hazardous waste landfills for receiving fly ash, so the government encourages other technologies to treat fly ash. Until now, the legally permitted methods of treating fly ash in China are a) hazardous waste landfill after cement solidification; b) normal landfill after stabilization reaching certain standard; c) sintering to make ceramics; d) producing ecological cement; and e) cement kiln treatment. In addition, some other innovative technologies are also in practice and are expected to become stable techniques in China. d) Suggestions for fly ash management in China (i) Full consideration of safety of fly ash recycling and its products • Fly ash must be detoxified before recycling, with heavy metals solidifies or removed and dioxin destroyed. • Ensure the safety of recycling products. • The process of recycling should not discharge substances that could have impacts on human health and environment. (ii) Full consideration of local conditions The application of a technology should fully consider the actual conditions of the country or region, such as economy, policies, regulations, etc., so that the development of technical guidelines can be specific and applicable. When choosing the fly ash treatment technology, the constraint conditions must be considered such as development background, application conditions and relevant policies and laws, etc. For instance, the reasons why fusing technology is widely used in Japan are: a) Japan has very limited land, so to reduce the volume of fly ash is the first requirement, total volume of fly ash can be reduced to 1/4 after fusing treatment; b) all staff of incinerators are government employees, and the income of power generation is submitted to the government, therefore, the power generation amount has no impact on the cost of operation of the plants and the high cost by fusing technology will not influence its application. On the contrary, China not only do not have the above two conditions, its demand for construction materials is high due to large-scale development. As a result, the fusing technology does not have a good application in China. 4. TA implementation schedule: Deliverables and Workshops Mr. Rau also emphasized to quickly move to work on the interim report. He requested that the interim and final workshops be relevant and include a wide range of participants, such as environmental protection bureaus of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and also other cities, representatives of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, fly ash disposal engineering centers similar to the IA if any, as well as MSWIP managers and operators, companies engaged in Fly Ash management and reuse, and other experts in this industry to ensure a meaningful discussion of the findings and concepts and receive valuable suggestions for improving the output of the TA to be reflected and incorporated in the draft final phase and report. Participants discussed the schedule of implementation
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