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Brain Circulation and the Role of the Diaspora in the Balkans - Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Cipusheva, Hristina et al. Book — Published Version Brain circulation and the role of the diaspora in the Balkans - Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia Suggested Citation: Cipusheva, Hristina et al. (2013) : Brain circulation and the role of the diaspora in the Balkans - Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia, South East European University, Tetovo, Macedonia, http://www.rrpp-westernbalkans.net/en/research/Completed-Projects/Regional/Brain-Circulation- and-the-Role-of-Diasporas-in-the-Balkans/mainColumnParagraphs/0/text_files/file1/Brain %20Circulation%20and%20the%20Role%20of%20Diasporas%20in%20the%20Balkans.pdf This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/88576 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben -
Translator, Traitor: a Critical Ethnography of a U.S
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 6-2014 Translator, traitor: A critical ethnography of a U.S. terrorism trial Maya Hess Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/226 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] TRANSLATOR, TRAITOR: A CRITICAL ETHNOGRAPHY OF A U.S. TERRORISM TRIAL by MAYA HESS A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Criminal Justice in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2014 ii © 2014 MAYA HESS All Rights Reserved iii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Criminal Justice in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Diana Gordon ______________________ _____________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee Deborah Koetzle ______________________ _____________________________________ Date Executive Officer Susan Opotow __________________________________________ David Brotherton __________________________________________ Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iv Abstract TRANSLATOR, TRAITOR: A CRITICAL ETHNOGRAPHY OF A U.S. TERRORISM TRIAL by Maya Hess Adviser: Professor Diana Gordon Historically, the role of translators and interpreters has suffered from multiple misconceptions. In theaters of war, these linguists are often viewed as traitors and kidnapped, tortured, or killed; if they work in the terrorism arena, they may be prosecuted and convicted as terrorist agents. -
Black Hole: the Fate of Islamists Rendered to Egypt
Human Rights Watch May 2005 Vol. 17, No. 5 (E) Black Hole: The Fate of Islamists Rendered to Egypt I. Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 1 II. Torture in Egypt and the Prohibition Against Involuntary Return ................................. 5 The Prohibition against Refoulement.................................................................................... 8 The Arab Convention for the Suppression of Terrorism................................................... 9 III. Who are the Jihadists? ......................................................................................................... 10 IV. The Role of the United States ............................................................................................ 13 V. Bad Precedent: The 1995 and 1998 Renditions ................................................................ 19 Tal`at Fu’ad Qassim ...............................................................................................................19 Breaking the Tirana Cell ........................................................................................................21 VI. Muhammad al-Zawahiri and Hussain al-Zawahiri .......................................................... 24 VII. From Stockholm to Cairo: Ahmad `Agiza and Muhammad Al-Zari`........................ 30 Ahmad `Agiza’s trial...........................................................................................................33 VIII. -
Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia), Albania Kosovo Conflict Refugees & Displaced - EUKM91 Appeal Target : US$ 3,075,767
150 route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland Tel:41 22 791 6033 Fax:41 22 791 6506 Appeal e-mail: [email protected] Coordinating Office Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia), Albania Kosovo Conflict Refugees & Displaced - EUKM91 Appeal Target : US$ 3,075,767 Geneva, March 16, 1999 Dear Colleagues, The conflict and fighting in Kosovo has continued during the winter, despite efforts by the international community to secure a lasting peace agreement between the oppposing sides. The political and social tensions that have long plagued the Kosovo and Metohija regions of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) culminated in armed conflict between Serbian police and members of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in February 1998. The conflict continues to take a heavy toll. Predictably, the civilian population has suffered inordinately; the United Nations now estimates that there are nearly 200,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Kosovo alone, and that up to 135,000 have been forced to seek refuge in neighboring regions and countries including Montenegro and Albania. It is estimated that perhaps 30% of Kosovo’s 200,000 Serbs have fled the province, most to Serbia. Also seriously affected are some 13,000 Krajina Serb refugees who were placed in Kosovo following their flight from Croatia in Aug 95. Local and regional authorities have been unable to recover from the initial shock that accompanied the influx of IDPs and refugees, and have failed to develop mechanisms necessary to cope with the massive number of civilians in need of the most basic humanitarian assistance. -
Ayman Al-Zawahiri: the Ideologue of Modern Islamic Militancy
Ayman Al-Zawahiri: The Ideologue of Modern Islamic Militancy Lieutenant Commander Youssef H. Aboul-Enein, USN US Air Force Counterproliferation Center 21 Future Warfare Series No. 21 AYMAN AL-ZAWAHIRI: THE IDEOLOGUE OF MODERN ISLAMIC MILITANCY by Youssef H. Aboul-Enein The Counterproliferation Papers Future Warfare Series No. 21 USAF Counterproliferation Center Air University Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama Ayman Al-Zawahiri: The Ideologue of Modern Islamic Militancy Youssef H. Aboul-Enein March 2004 The Counterproliferation Papers Series was established by the USAF Counterproliferation Center to provide information and analysis to assist the understanding of the U.S. national security policy-makers and USAF officers to help them better prepare to counter the threat from weapons of mass destruction. Copies of No. 21 and previous papers in this series are available from the USAF Counterproliferation Center, 325 Chennault Circle, Maxwell AFB AL 36112-6427. The fax number is (334) 953- 7530; phone (334) 953-7538. Counterproliferation Paper No. 21 USAF Counterproliferation Center Air University Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama 36112-6427 The Internet address for the USAF Counterproliferation Center is: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/awc-cps.htm Contents Page Disclaimer.....................................................................................................i The Author.................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgments .................................................................................... -
September 2011
September 2011 Disseminating the Message of Jihad from a British Haven The following review will present the content appearing on the website of the Al- Maqreze Center for Research, and information on the head of the center, Sheikh Hani Al-Siba'i. Sheikh Al-Siba'i, who resides in Britain after being granted political asylum, is a former operative of the Egyptian Jihad movement and was close to various terrorist operatives from amongst the Egyptian movements. In addition, he is still in contact with Al-Qaeda to this day. Al-Siba'i uses his website, as well as other internet services, to take an active part in the general Jihadi discourse and to spread his fundamentalist beliefs. The website's address: http://www.almaqreze.net . Hani Al-Siba'i Hani Al-Siba'i is an Egyptian law graduate from the University of Cairo, and served as defense attorney for members of the Islamic movements in Egypt in several cases tried before the Egyptian military court. During the war in Afghanistan in the 1980s he raised aid for the Jihad in various cities and villages in Egypt. He was a member of the Islamic Lawyers’ Union in Egypt, as well as writing for various magazines. He served as an advisor at the Research Center for Islamic Studies in Australia. He was arrested by the Egyptian security forces on charges of membership of a terrorist organization and involvement in planning terrorist attacks in the “The Returnees from Albania” trial. In 1994 he fled to Britain where he received political asylum, even though the British security 1 P.O. -
Middle East Brief 35
Judith and Sidney Swartz Director Prof. Shai Feldman Jihadi Revisionism: Associate Director Kristina Cherniahivsky Will It Save the World? Assistant Director for Research Naghmeh Sohrabi, PhD Khalil Al-Anani Senior Fellows Abdel Monem Said Aly, PhD Khalil Shikaki, PhD t is remarkable that even as al-Qaeda is stepping up Henry J. Leir Professor of the Economics of the Middle East Iviolence and terrorism in Afghanistan, Iraq, Algeria, Yemen, Nader Habibi, PhD and Saudi Arabia, a process of revisionism—of rethinking Sylvia K. Hassenfeld Professor of Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies jihadi doctrine and philosophy—is gaining steam, presided Kanan Makiya, PhD over by leaders of formerly violent extremist groups who now Lecturer on the Myra and Robert Kraft Chair in Arab Politics profess the error of the thought and ideology that have guided Lawrence Rubin them for the past two decades. The various revisionist efforts Postdoctoral Fellows 1 Ondrej Beranek, PhD reinterpret religious texts and fatwas related to jihad with the Howard Eissenstat, PhD Yusri Hazran, PhD objective of minimizing extremist or militant understandings Vincent Romani, PhD of sacred texts, so as to make these texts more grounded in President of Brandeis University Jehuda Reinharz, PhD reality and more suitable for practical application. Revisionism has taken hold in Egypt, Algeria, and Saudi Arabia, bringing to light rifts between jihadi movements and among their members. Yet, disagreement continues regarding the potential of the revisionist movement to put out the flame of jihad in the Islamic world; to stop—or at least reduce— jihadi violence; and to influence new generations of jihadis. -
Al-Sharq Al-Awsat Publishes Extracts from Al-Jihad Leader Al-Zawahiri's New Book
Al-Sharq Al-Awsat Publishes Extracts from Al-Jihad Leader Al-Zawahiri's New Book December 2, 2001 [Please note: Images may have been removed from this document. Page numbers have been added.] Correcting processing indicator. Parts one through eleven of serialized excerpts from Egyptian Al-Jihad Organization leader Ayman al-Zawahiri's book "Knights Under the Prophet's Banner" Part One London-Al-Sharq al-Awsat-- Al-Sharq al-Awsat has obtained a copy of a book that is regarded as the "last will" of Dr. Ayman al-Zawahiri, Usama Bin Ladin's primary ally and leader of the Egyptian Al-Jihad Organization. In the book, the second most wanted man by the United States talks about important stages in his life, his "Afghan Arab" companions, and the reason why (Islamist) movements are inimical to the United States. In the introduction to the book Al-Jihad leader says: "I have written this book for an additional reason, namely, to fulfill the duty entrusted to me towards our generation and future generations. Perhaps I will not be able to write afterwards in the midst of these worrying circumstances and changing conditions. I expect that no publisher will publish it and no distributor will distribute it." In the book that is entitled "Knights Under the Prophet's Banner" Al-Zawahiri recounts the events of the Al-Jihad Organization's early years as he experienced them, beginning with his joining the first Al-Jihad cell in Cairo in 1966, that is, before he completed his 16th year (Al- Zawahiri was born in 1951) and then recounts subsequent events that shook the world. -
Ali Mohamed: a Biographical Sketch
Ali Mohamed: A Biographical Sketch Ali Mohamed in a U.S. Army training video produced at Fort Bragg, circa 1989 Early Life in Egypt the only al-Qa’ida operative known to have successfully ,1(ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ) Ali Mohamed infiltrated U.S. military and law enforcement agencies, was born in Kafr El Sheikh, Lower Egypt, in 1952. His father was a career soldier in the Egyptian Army, and he was raised in a devout Muslim home.2 Mohamed went to local public schools and occasionally helped his uncle herd goats in the northern Sinai during his teen years. Following in his father’s footsteps, Mohamed attended the Cairo Military Academy after his graduation from high school in 1970.3 He was a good student and went on to attend university near his hometown, obtaining two bachelor’s degrees and a master’s degree in psychology from the University of Alexandria.4 In addition to his native Arabic, in the course of his post-secondary education he learned English, Hebrew and French. He joined the Egyptian Army in about 1971, eventually rising to the rank of major.5 Radicalization According to statements made to the FBI after his arrest, Mohamed identified his turn to militancy as having occurred in 1966, when he was fourteen.6 He was helping his uncle 1 Also spelled Ali Mohammed, Ali Muhammad, etc. His known aliases include: Abu Mohamed al-Amriki, Abu Omar, Abu Osama, Ahmad Baha Adam, Ali Abdelsaoud Mustafa, Ali Taymour, Ali Abdelsaoud Mustafa Mohamed, Ali Abualacoud Mohamed, Ali Nasser, Bakhboula, Bili Bili, Haydara, Jeff, Omar and Taymour (Berger, Ali Mohamed, 35; U.S.A. -
Egypt - Researched and Compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 31 August 2009
Egypt - Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 31 August 2009 Information on failed asylum seekers Page 1 of a November 2008 Human Rights Watch report under the heading Summary states: Since 2006, over 13,000 refugees, asylum seekers, and other migrants have passed through Egypt and crossed the Sinai border into Israel. The majority arrived in Israel since 2007; at times, in early 2008, over 100 people per night reportedly crossed the border. Both Egypt and Israel have responded to this cross-border flow with policies that violate fundamental rights. These violations, particularly on the Egyptian side, have become more numerous and more acute over the past year. In August 2007, Egyptian border police shot and beat to death four people trying to cross from Egypt into Israel, according to Israeli soldiers who said they witnessed the killings. The Israeli soldiers, who believed the migrants were Sudanese, were close enough to hear the migrants screeching in pain until they died, one soldier said. Egyptian border police have killed at least 33 migrants and wounded dozens more attempting to cross into Israel since the first known fatality, a pregnant Darfuri woman, died in June 2007. Egypt has also returned Eritrean and Sudanese nationals to their home countries, where they could face persecution and a substantial risk of torture, without allowing them to claim asylum or despite their asylum status. Beginning in February 2008, Egypt refused to allow UNHCR access to Eritreans in detention, many of whom military tribunals had sentenced to between one and three years in prison for illegally entering the country from Sudan. -
Mapping Egyptian Islamism
Mapping Egyptian Islamism Samuel Tadros December 2014 Research Report Mapping Egyptian Islamism By Samuel Tadros © 2014 Hudson Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. For more information about obtaining additional copies of this or other Hudson Institute publications, please visit Hudson’s website, www.hudson.org ABOUT HUDSON INSTITUTE Hudson Institute is an independent research organization promoting new ideas for the advancement of global security, prosperity and freedom. Founded in 1961 by strategist Herman Kahn, Hudson Institute challenges conventional thinking and helps manage strategic transitions to the future through interdisciplinary studies in defense, international relations, economics, health care, technology, culture, and law. Hudson seeks to guide public policy makers and global leaders in government and business through a vigorous program of publications, conferences, policy briefings and recommendations. Visit www.hudson.org for more information. Hudson Institute 1015 15th Street, N.W. Sixth Floor Washington, D.C. 20005 P: 202.974.2400 [email protected] Acknowledgments This project was funded by a grant from the Smith Richardson Foundation. I would like to express my gratitude to Nadia Schadlow for her continuous support for this project since it was first proposed and throughout the last two years. I could not have wished for a better place to conduct this research than the Hudson Institute. The Hudson Institute’s dedication to innovative research that challenges conventional wisdom has provided me with the working environment and intellectual freedom necessary to complete this study. This research would not have been completed without the support of the Hudson Institute’s management team: Kenneth Weinstein, John Walters, Lewis Libby, David Tell, Daniel McKivergan, Thereza Austria, Kevin Searcy, Kim Bowling, Carolyn Stewart, Rebecca Baker, and Rob Cole. -
Researched and Compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 31 August 2009
Egypt - Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 31 August 2009 Information on failed asylum seekers Page 1 of a November 2008 Human Rights Watch report under the heading Summary states: Since 2006, over 13,000 refugees, asylum seekers, and other migrants have passed through Egypt and crossed the Sinai border into Israel. The majority arrived in Israel since 2007; at times, in early 2008, over 100 people per night reportedly crossed the border. Both Egypt and Israel have responded to this cross-border flow with policies that violate fundamental rights. These violations, particularly on the Egyptian side, have become more numerous and more acute over the past year. In August 2007, Egyptian border police shot and beat to death four people trying to cross from Egypt into Israel, according to Israeli soldiers who said they witnessed the killings. The Israeli soldiers, who believed the migrants were Sudanese, were close enough to hear the migrants screeching in pain until they died, one soldier said. Egyptian border police have killed at least 33 migrants and wounded dozens more attempting to cross into Israel since the first known fatality, a pregnant Darfuri woman, died in June 2007. Egypt has also returned Eritrean and Sudanese nationals to their home countries, where they could face persecution and a substantial risk of torture, without allowing them to claim asylum or despite their asylum status. Beginning in February 2008, Egypt refused to allow UNHCR access to Eritreans in detention, many of whom military tribunals had sentenced to between one and three years in prison for illegally entering the country from Sudan.