150 route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100 1211 Geneva 2, Tel:41 22 791 6033 Fax:41 22 791 6506 Appeal e-mail: [email protected]

Coordinating Office Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia), Kosovo Conflict Refugees & Displaced - EUKM91 Appeal Target : US$ 3,075,767

Geneva, March 16, 1999

Dear Colleagues,

The conflict and fighting in Kosovo has continued during the winter, despite efforts by the international community to secure a lasting peace agreement between the oppposing sides. The political and social tensions that have long plagued the Kosovo and Metohija regions of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) culminated in armed conflict between Serbian police and members of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in February 1998. The conflict continues to take a heavy toll. Predictably, the civilian population has suffered inordinately; the United Nations now estimates that there are nearly 200,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Kosovo alone, and that up to 135,000 have been forced to seek refuge in neighboring regions and countries including Montenegro and Albania. It is estimated that perhaps 30% of Kosovo’s 200,000 Serbs have fled the province, most to Serbia. Also seriously affected are some 13,000 Krajina Serb refugees who were placed in Kosovo following their flight from Croatia in Aug 95. Local and regional authorities have been unable to recover from the initial shock that accompanied the influx of IDPs and refugees, and have failed to develop mechanisms necessary to cope with the massive number of civilians in need of the most basic humanitarian assistance.

ACT members - International Orthodox Christian Charities (IOCC), Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), Diakonie Agapes (DA), and Hungarian Interchurch Aid (HIA) have provided $1 million USD of ACT emergency humanitarian assistance through ACT appeal EUKA81. Following extensive needs assessments, coordination/consolidation efforts and ACT consultations in the region, they request your urgent attention Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 2 Appeal EUKM 91

I. REQUESTING ACT MEMBERS

C International Orthodox Christian Charities ACT/IOCC C Norwegian Church Aid ACT/NCA C Diaconia Agapes ACT/DA

II. DESCRIPTION OF EMERGENCY SITUATION

Context For more than a decade following the abolition of Kosovo’s autonomy by the Serbian Government of Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, the province’s estimated 2 million Albanians and some 200,000 Serbs have shared the same space but little else. Political, economic and social interaction between members of the two communities were reduced to minimal levels, due in large part to the until-recently overwhelmingly popular and effective Kosovar Albanian strategy of peaceful resistance to and non-cooperation with the Serbian authorities, structures and services. The political and social tensions that have long plagued the Kosovo and Metohija regions of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) culminated in armed conflict between Serbian police and members of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in February 1998.The fighting has continued in varying levels of intensity, causing extensive destructive to civilian life and property; and increasing the number of displaced persons and refugees to an estimated 335,000. As the fighting continues, humanitarian access to IDPs in Kosovo remains difficult and risky. In 1998, unable to provide adequately for the more than 40,000 Kosovar IDPs already in Montenegro, the authorities there rescinded the republic’s “open border” policy; Montenegro’s policy of non-refoulement remains in place, however. Many of the people displaced have remained in Kosovo, often without any shelter.

Recent Background & Situation Update By July 1998, what had initially been sporadic and uncoordinated clashes had evolved into full-fledged military confrontations. Predictably, the civilian population has suffered inordinately; the United Nations now estimates that there are nearly 200,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Kosovo alone, and that up to 135,000 have been forced to seek refuge outside of Serbia.

In addition to inflicting incalculable human suffering, the conflict has nearly dismantled Kosovo’s dismal economy; given that UNHCR estimates indicate that a mere 25% of the region’s 1,400,000 inhabitants was gainfully employed prior to the conflict, Kosovo’s macro and micro economies may never fully recover. To compound the economic situation further, it must be recognised that before the armed conflict started, a considerable number of ethnic Albanians in Kosovo were already dependent on international humanitarian assistance to meet their daily needs.

Local and regional authorities have been unable to recover from the initial shock that accompanied the influx of IDPs and refugees, and have failed to develop mechanisms necessary to cope with the massive number of civilians in need of the most basic humanitarian assistance. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 3 Appeal EUKM 91

The United Nations Security Council passed two resolutions (UNSCR 1160 & UNSCR 1199) designed to bring about a cease-fire and force the Serbian and Kosovar Albanian political leaderships to actively pursue a peaceful political solution.

In October 1998, approximately 2,000 unarmed members of the Kosovo Verification Mission (KVM) arrived in the region under the auspices of the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) to monitor both parties’ adherence to the cease-fire.

Since October, the international community has become increasing dependent on the KVM to monitor the delivery of humanitarian assistance to affected populations in areas where the security situation is unknown or unstable. Although the KVM’s presence is responsible for only a marginal increase in the number of returnees (mostly returnees from Albania), the overwhelming majority of IDPs and refugees in Kosovo still depend on the OSCE’s presence as an indication of safety.

ACT member response is based on the assumption that IDP families will begin returning to their homes in the spring and continuing throughout the summer months. However, it must also be recognised that many will unable or unwilling to return for a variety of reasons.

Therefore, the scope of ACT’s humanitarian response is to facilitate basic rehabilitation and return assistance to IDPs who choose to return to their homes, as well as to provide life-sustaining assistance to IDPs who will remain displaced.

Affected Population All ethnic groups, including the lesser-known pockets of Montenegrins, Muslim Slavs, Turks, and even Roma, have been affected. According to the UNHCR, an estimated 280,000 people have been displaced as a result of the on- going conflict: 190,000 within Kosovo; 35,000 to Montenegro; 20,500 to Albania; 20,000 to Serbia, and approximately 15,000 to neighbouring countries.

Kosovo and Metohija The situation continues to be unstable, with considerable population movements occurring in a matter of days or even hours. Although the international community does attempt to assist those IDPs that manage to return to their homes, the thousands of civilians - both Albanian Kosovars and Serbs - that are uprooted each month prevent any substantial demographic gains from occurring. Most of the estimated 200,000 IDPs have secured shelter, either with relatives or friends, in their immediate region, but it is estimated that as many as 30% of Kosovo's 200,000 ethnic Serbs have fled Kosovo altogether.

Also seriously affected are some 7,000 Krajina Serb refugees who have been living in squalid collective centres throughout Kosovo. Most of these refugees were accommodated in Kosovo following their mass August 1995 exodus from (present-day) Croatia. Given the likelihood that the international community will continue to channel its attention and financial resources on the (larger number of) Kosovar IDPs, these Krajina Serb refugees represent Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 4 Appeal EUKM 91 damaged public buildings, such as schools, public health clinics, and libraries.

Serbia Serbia is home to 95% of the 548,000 refugees registered in FRY - more than twice as many refugees as any other country in the region. More than 40,000 refugees are currently housed in Serbia’s 491 collective centres (excluding the 140 collective centres Kosovo), even though 1998 was proclaimed the “year of durable solutions” by national and international humanitarian agencies.

The sudden and massive shift of international resources to Kosovo (and therefore, away from these “old caseload” refugees in collective centres), and the continuing decline in Serbia’s economic standards, have clearly exasperated the refugees’ situation.

An increasing number of refugees in Serbia – especially among the elderly - are turning to the international community for their daily subsistence, due in part to the lack of employment opportunities, the relatively isolated collective centre locations in which they live, the lack of land on which to raise livestock and cultivate crops their own, and their generally depressed psychological state. In effect, this target group has been pushed down the “priority list” without a prospect for improved living conditions in the future.

The provision of basic food and hygiene parcels for families and individuals, in addition to providing specialised kits for infants and the elderly, will have the greatest and most direct impact on these target groups.

Montenegro Following the closure of the border between Serbia and Albania in May 1998, the Montenegrin authorities allowed all Kosovar IDPs to enter Montenegro. This policy resulted in the republic’s IDP and refugee populations to effectively double from 30,000 to 60,000; currently, more than 12% of Montenegro’s inhabitants are either refugees or IDPs.

Although the Montenegrin Government has denied official entry to new IDP arrivals since September 1998; those that arrived before September will be allowed to remain until they are able to return safely to their homes. This decision was due largely to the local authorities’ inability to satisfy the basic humanitarian needs, and because the level and timing of international assistance has been less than responsive.

The Montenegrin Red Cross reports that nearly 75% of the IDPs are Albanians, and 15% are Muslim Slavs. Further, it is believed that a full 90% of the IDPs are concentrated in only four of Montenegro's 21 municipalities: Plav, Podgorica, Rozaje and Ulcinj.

Unlike the FRY, Montenegro does not have a substantial collective centre network to house the IDPs and refugees. Because most IDPs and refugees are lodged with host families, it has become clear that humanitarian assistance projects intended to provide material aid in Montenegro must provide assistance to not only the IDPs, but also to their host families. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 5 Appeal EUKM 91

Refugees and Migration) and multilateral donors (succh as the European Commission), will make significant contributions to these activities.

Security/Access Access and security concerns pose no problem in Serbia and Montenegro. Security is still a serious concern in Kosovo, however, despite the numerous cease-fires that have been announced. A large degree of flexibility in distribution activities is therefore still required. The Serbian authorities do not permit the use of high-frequency radio equipment, and the country's cellular telephone network does not extend beyond Pristina to other areas of Kosovo.

ACT/IOCC APPEAL PROJECTS

I. ACT/IOCC INFORMATION

International Orthodox Christian Charities (IOCC) is the official overseas humanitarian assistance agency of Orthodox Christians in the and Canada. Established in 1992 and headquartered in the United States, it now maintains program offices in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Georgia, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia -- FRY (in Belgrade and Podgorica), Bosnia and Herzegovina -- BiH (in Banja Luka, Bihac and Doboj), the West Bank, and Greece.

IOCC established its program in former Yugoslavia in late 1992; from that time until the end of 1995 the programming was almost entirely focused an emergency relief. In fact, many of these projects were financed by current ACT member agencies. A significant component of IOCC's current program in the FRY involves delivery of basic supplies to refugees living in collective centres and in private accommodations, including the largest "care and maintenance" program for refugees in Kosovo.

IOCC has developed excellent working relations with the local and federal chapters of the Yugoslav Red Cross and the Commissariat for Refugees in Belgrade; such co-ordination maximises the impact and accuracy of humanitarian aid distributions.

DanChurchAid-DANIDA provided DKK 5,000,000 in response to the 1998 ACT Kosovo Refugee/Displaced Crisis (EUKA81). In addition, DCA seconded two Danish Program Managers to IOCC in order to supervise and manage the implementation of the DCA-DANIDA contribution and to assist IOCC in satisfying financial management and reporting requirements. The DCA-DANIDA contribution resulted in the provision of shelter-repair materials (winterisation) to more than 1,600 families. Each family received a set of tools (hammer, axe, nails, trowel) and a material package (plastic sheeting, frame mouldings, fibreboards). These materials were used to "winterise" one room of the house. In addition, food and hygiene articles for 1,800 families received food and hygiene parcels to Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 6 Appeal EUKM 91 is held throughout Montenegro, the Metropolitan's assistance and support has significantly and positively facilitating project implementation.

Montenegro During the past two years, IOCC has worked with the Diocese of Montenegro on the successful implementation of number of humanitarian aid distribution projects, and is using this experience to provide the management, logistics and monitoring support required to implement this project.

Since opening its field office in Podgorica in September 1998, ACT/DCA/IOCC has identified several IDP self-help associations, as well as groups of local citizens who have recently organised themselves to provide assistance to IDPs in their communities. Because these associations and groups are usually the most well-informed about those IDP families most in need, ACT/DCA/IOCC is working increasingly closely with them to identify and provide assistance to the most vulnerable IDPs.

Kosovo and Metohija Bishop ARTIMIJE of Raska-Prizren Diocese and the brotherhood of monks at Decani Monastery in Kosovo have repeatedly issued public calls for a peaceful resolution of the conflict in Kosovo, arguing that the Kosovo conflict can only be peacefully resolved as part of a wider democratisation of political life in the FRY.

Since the beginning of the Kosovo conflict, IOCC has maintained close contact with Bishop ARTEMIJE (who is also a member of the Holy Synod); he is urging IOCC to make it possible for the Church to become more involved in humanitarian actions for Albanians as well as Serbs displaced by the fighting by providing material and management support.

Having elected to establish its presence in Kosovo in the small town of Decani, approximately 15 kilometres from Pec, IOCC is one of the only international NGOs in Kosovo that does not have its regional presence centred in Pristina. Rather, the Kosovo field office and warehouse are centrally situated within the distribution area.

III. ACT/IOCC APPEAL PROJECT LOCATIONS

IOCC’s field offices in Podgorica (Montenegro) and Decani (Kosovo) will continue to plan, co-ordinate and supervise ACT/DCA/IOCC relief activities in close co-operation with the respective Serbian Orthodox Diocese, local NGOs and where possible and appropriate, local Red Cross affiliates in all targeted municipalities:

Montenegro It is anticipated that relief distribution will take place in the at least six municipalities in Montenegro, including: Berane, Bijelo Polje, Plav, Podgorica, Rozaje and Ulcinj. Further beneficiary identification will be co-ordinated in conjunction with the Serbian Orthodox Diocese of Montenegro and the Coastlands, and local municipal authorities. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 7 Appeal EUKM 91

Goals: IOCC Appeal Projects (Partially Supported by DCA) 1. To sustain the basic living standards of vulnerable refugee and displaced families (and to their host families where possible) in Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo by providing a regular, but limited, pipeline of supplementary food and personal hygiene parcels. 2. To assist individual IDPs and refugees living in Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo in meeting their daily nutritional and personal hygiene needs through the distribution of supplementary food and sanitary items. 3. To encourage and assist IDP families in returning to their homes in Kosovo by providing basic (self-help) material assistance and commodities.

Objectives: IOCC Appeal Projects (Partially Supported by DCA) 1.1. Provide a four-month supply of supplementary food and hygiene items to at least 1,000 IDP families, and up to 500 host families, in Serbia, Kosovo or Montenegro. 1.2. Provide a four-month supply of food and hygiene items to approximately 750 IDP infants aged 0-24 months throughout Serbia, Montenegro or Kosovo. 1.3. Provide a four-month supply of food and hygiene items to approximately 750 elderly IDPs living in collective centres or with host families in Serbia, Montenegro or Kosovo. 1.4. Provide a four-month supply of supplementary food and hygiene items to approximately 400 extremely vulnerable “old caseload” refugees living in collective centres in Montenegro. 1.5. Provide a four-month supply of family food and hygiene parcels to 400 “old caseload” refugees living in collective centres in Serbia or Kosovo 2.1. Provide a four-month supply of supplementary food and hygiene items to 4000 IDP families of any ethnic group in Kosovo and Metohija. 2.2. Assist 400 IDP families to return to their homes in and around the western Kosovo municipalities of Decani and Pec by providing basic (standardised) materials for self-help agriculture activities and housing repair.

V. ACT/IOCC APPEAL BENEFICIARIES

Appeal Beneficiaries C At least 1,500 IDP families (approximately 9,000 persons) C At least 750 host families (approximately 4,500 persons) C At least 1,000 elderly IDPs C At least 1,600 IDP infants aged 0-24 months C 1,150 “old caseload” refugees (from Bosnia and Croatia) living in collective centres. C 750 returnee IDP families (approximately 4,500 persons), of all ethnic groups, in western Kosovo C 750 IDP families (approximately 4,500 person of all ethnic groups who wish to return to their war damaged homes in western Kosovo C At least 400 collective centres in Serbia and Montenegro

Targeting and Beneficiary Selection Criteria Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 8 Appeal EUKM 91

VI. ACT/IOCC ADMINISTRATION, MONITORING, REPORTING

This ACT/IOCC project is being co-ordinated, supervised and supported by IOCC from its regional office for former Yugoslavia, located in Belgrade. IOCC established a field office in Montenegro (Podgorica) in September 1998, and Kosovo (Decani) in October 1998 to manage day-to-day project activities.

IOCC’s Podgorica office is staffed by one Danish expatriate and five national (Montenegrin and Albanian) staff. The Decani office is also managed by a Danish national and has an equally balanced Albanian-Serb staff of six.

All activities in Montenegro are managed from the Podgorica office, while in Kosovo project activities will be undertaken by IOCC staff based in Decani, working under the supervision of IOCC/Podgorica. All activities in Montenegro and Kosovo will be monitored and supervised by IOCC/Belgrade, which is also responsible for submitting situation reports directly to the ACT Co-ordinating Office, as well as progress reports and project financial reports, as required by ACT guidelines, through IOCC/Baltimore.

Because of IOCC’s previous – and current – experience procuring and distributing humanitarian aid in Montenegro and Kosovo, the start-up time for implementing this program – including procurement and transportation - will be negligible.

Warehousing space in Montenegro has been secured in Podgorica, Plav and Rozaje. The Serbian Orthodox Monastery in Decani has made a first rate warehouse available to IOCC for storage and micro-distribution activities, and various Orthodox parishes throughout Kosovo have facilitated the use of warehouse space on IOCC’s behalf.

All financial management will be exercised by IOCC/Belgrade. IOCC/Belgrade accounting staff includes a finance manager and a finance assistant; delegation of duties and internal controls are in place and functioning. IOCC/Belgrade performs monthly financial reporting, consolidated and project-specific, to IOCC headquarters in the United States. ACT appeal funds will be received by IOCC headquarters in the United States and transferred to Belgrade as needed on the basis of project-specific cashflow projections; payments for off-shore procurement transactions are handled by IOCC/Baltimore.

Senior IOCC/Belgrade staff regularly travel to Podgorica and project sites for the purpose of training new staff, project monitoring, representation, trouble-shooting and on-going needs/impact assessment.

VII. ACT/IOCC IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE (9 Months: 01 April 99 - 31 Dec 99)

Initial project implementation for the new appeal projects is scheduled to begin in April 1999, with major activities to commence in early May. Current appeal assistance projects funded through ACT appeal EUKA81 will be closed out and finalized by the end of March 1999. However, since all managerial and logistical systems are Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 9 Appeal EUKM 91

I. DIRECT ASSISTANCE Category / Description Tpye Unit Units USD Cost USD Total IDP Family Food Parcels parcel 4,000 45 180,000 IDP Family Hygiene Parcels parcel 4,000 25 100,000 IDP Host Family Food Parcels parcel 2,000 45 90,000 Infant Survival Kits parcel 3,000 25 75,000 Elderly IDP Food Parcels parcel 3,000 25 75,000 Elderly IDP Hygiene Parcels parcel 3,000 18 54,000 Refugee Food Parcels - Mont. parcel 1,600 35 56,000 Refugee Hygiene Parcels - Mont. parcel 1,600 18 28,800 Refugee Food Parcels -FRY parcel 1,600 35 56,000 Refugee Hygiene Parcels -FRY parcel 1,600 18 28,800 IDP Family Food Parcels - FRY parcel 1,600 45 72,000 IDP Family Hygiene Parcels - FRY parcel 1,600 25 40,000 Kosovo Shelter Repair lump 400 250 100,000 Kosovo Agriculture Inputs lump 400 150 60,000 1,015,600

II. MATERIAL TRANSPORT, STORAGE, WAREHOUSING, HANDLING

Truck Rental Related Costs lump 40000 40,000 Micro Distribution Costs lump 20000 20,000 Warehouse Rental month 6 4000 24,000 Warehouse Security month 6 1000 6,000 Warehouse Insurance month 6 625 3,750 Labour Loading/Unloading lump 1 14000 14,000 Customs Clearance, Etc lump 1 7250 7,250 115,000 III. CAPITAL EQUIPMENT (Over $500)

Computers and Peripherals each 3 1500 4,500 Photocopiers each 1 1500 1,500 Office Furnishings lump 1 1000 1,000 Telephone & Fax Equipment lump 1 1000 1,000 8,000

IV. PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT

Project Staff Salaries ACT/IOCC Podgorica Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 10 Appeal EUKM 91

Category / Description Type Unit Units USD Cost USD Total

IOCC/Belgrade Country Representative month 7 4100 28,700 Program Manager month 7 1825 12,775 Finance Manager month 7 1550 10,850 Finance Assistant month 7 785 5,495 Logistics Manager month 7 900 6,300 Program Officers (2) month 7 870 12,180 Office Manager month 7 935 6,545 Administrative Assistant month 7 865 6,055 88,900 SOC Personnel Diocese Raska-Prizen month 4 1000 4,000 Diocese of Montenegro month 4 1000 4,000 8,000 Project Staff Benefits Field Office Director month 7 906 6,342 Relief Coordinator month 7 906 6,342 Country Representative month 7 386 2,702 Podgorica staff social ins. month 7 825 5,775 Belgrade staff social ins. month 7 175 1,225 Decani staff social ins. month 7 225 1,575 23,961 Project Staff Housing Field Office Director month 7 885 6,195 Regional Director month 7 1313 9,191 Country Representative month 7 1063 7,441 22,827 Staff Travel Accommodations Local Staff night 150 45 6,750 Accommodations Expat Staff night 60 50 3,000 Local and Regional Travel lump 5000 5,000 Per Diems (Food) day 210 20 4,200 18,950

Office Rental Podgorica month 7 800 5,600 Decani month 7 400 2,800 Office Utilities month 7 304 2,128 Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 11 Appeal EUKM 91

Category / Description Type Unit Units USD Cost USD Total

Vehicle Rental month 7 1500 10,500 24,815 Audit & Evaluation Audit of ACT Appeal Funds lump 1 3000 3,000 Program Evaluation lump 1 3000 3,000 6,000

TOTAL APPEAL BUDGET ACT/IOCC: $ 1,528,725

IX ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

ACT/IOCC is currently negotiating with the US State Department - Department of Population, Refugees and Migration for the continuation of grant funding which will provide additional assistance to old and new case load refugees and displaced persons in Kosovo and Montegro - in addition to other areas of FRY. If approved, these projects will be added to the ACT appeal and projects implemented by IOCC. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 12 Appeal EUKM 91

ACT/NCA APPEAL PROJECTS

I. ACT/NCA INFORMATION Norwegian Church Aid (NCA) has been present in Kosovo since May 1996. NCA main program activities have been focused on a school rehabilitation program, human rights, peace and reconciliation projects and providing assistance to refugees from Krajina and Bosnia in the FRY. Within the sector of human rights, NCA has supported local NG0s by organising seminars on human, childrens and women's rights. A local Kosovo ‘Nansen’ group has facilitated senminars on 'Conflict theories and peaceful dialogue' with mixed ethnic groups from Kosovo, Montenegro and Macedonia.

Since May 1998, NCA has been the ACT co-ordinating agency for Emergency Relief Programs within Kosovo and nearby affected areas. NCA is working with ACT member IOCC and others, as well as ACT members in the neighbouring countries Macedonia, Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina and Hungary, to develop effective coordination and communication mechanisms for ACT appeal response. NCA works in close co-operation with a local Albanian organisation called 'Mother Theresa Society' (MTS), who has a large network of volunteers working in most of the villages of Kosovo. NCA has experienced very good cooperation with this organisation. NCA has succeeded in co-ordinating programs and resources with other NG0s involved in rehabilitation, such as the German organisation 'Cap Anamur'.. In addition, NCA has signed an operational partnership agreement with UNHCR and is actively participating in the Task Force Groups on Shelter, Food and Non-food Items and Education.

In response to the crisis developing in 1998, ACT/NCA started an emergency program with direct assistance to IDPs in Kosovo. One part of the program is distribution of food and non food items. NCA has also implemented an Emergency Shelter Program, providing doors and windows to damaged houses. By December 98, the assistance had reached approximately 2400 beneficiaries in 235 houses at a value of DM 134.000. NCA is presently implementing the next phase of this program in two villages with 1000 beneficiaries. 10 1 houses will be repaired at a value of DM 90.000. In addition to these two rather small emergency shelter projects, ACT/ NCA has started an emergency rehabilitation of the schools in Kosovo. A large number of schools have been used by police and military units during the conflict in 1998, or were damaged as a direct result of the fighting. In December 1998 NCA renovated two schools and made assessments of 12 schools for future projects.

II. ACT/NCA IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS

NCA will implement parts of the programme through its own operational structure. All appeal projects will be done in close cooperation with UNHCR and other implementing agencies.

Mother Theresa Society (MTS) is a local, non religious, independent NGO established during the 1980's and has been active in Kosovo for more than ten years. Their Head Office is situated in Prishtina, with branch locations in all municipalities of Kosovo. "Mother Theresa's" main activities have been to support especially vulnerable Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 13 Appeal EUKM 91

III. ACT/NCA PROJECT DESCRIPTION

School Rehabilitation Proiect According to assessments made by UNICEF and co-operating partners, 137 schools are damaged or totally destroyed. The schools would normally serve more than 50.000 pupils. Most of these children do not have the possibility of participating in any regular or structured teaching. The situation will soon have lasted for one year. This represents a serious disruption of the normal progress of education. In most cases the schools are damaged by looting, vandalism or have been set on fire. The basic structures of the buildings are mostly intact. The costs of basic repairs are relatively small compared to the value of the buildings. Even limited investments will make it possible to reopen a large number of the schools. So far, the authorities have not provided funds for repairs.

Overall Goal: Liberation of human resources by bringing back normal structure of daily life to children in a war effected region.

Project Objectives: 1. In December 1998 NCA started an, assessment aiming to target schools suitable for renovation and to prepare cost estimates for the repair works. 2. Priority will be given to the municipalities where NCA has established good relations with local partners through previous projects. 3. NCA will seek to involve and activate local resources such as village committees, parents groups and teachers.

The program will concentrate on basic repairs to make the buildings weather proof This will involve works on roofs, doors, windows, and floors. In addition, an number of classrooms will be made suitable for teaching and provided with basic equipment.

The standard of materials and works will be set at the level of normal, lasting constructions so that partial repairs may be integrated as a part of a full renovation in the future.

The value of the works should not exceed NOK 150.000.- in one location. This will limit the construction time and reduce the losses in case of renewed fighting. According to the assessments, the costs will average below NOK 100.000. Depending on local priorities, the smaller schools with less damages could be given preference in order to include more locations.

In kind donations will be integrated in the project. UNHCR and UNICEF will provide stoves and consumable teaching materials. Furniture and equipment are expected from various donors, mainly in Norway.

Target Beneficiaries: The estimated number of beneficiaries of the school project is approximately 15, 000 children. The composition is mainly Albanian children from 7 to 15 years of age. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 14 Appeal EUKM 91

Implementation

NCA regards the local involvement as a crucial element in the program. School administration, teachers and parents will be the most important partners during both preparations and construction.

All major rehabilitation works on the schools must be implemented by using local contractors. Contractors will be selected on basis of tenders and experience. NCA has good knowledge about the contractors in the region from previous school rehabilitation projects. Parents groups are willing to participate as unskilled labour.

The NCA field office has employed qualified expatriate and local staff with responsibility for reconstruction programs, including both school rehabilitation and shelter. There is ample capacity for administrative and back up functions at the office.

The school program have to be approved by official authorities of education. Both the shelter and school rehabilitation projects will be done in co-operation with Mother Theresa Society.

Shelter Proiect In November 98, UNHCR made a survey of war damages including 210 villages. More than 3 5. 000 damaged houses have been registered, out of which 28% were totally destroyed. About 165.000 people have returned to their homes. An additional 30.000 are living as IDPs in their own village. The remaining 155.000 are IDPs in other villages or towns.

Objective 1. The overall objective is to improve the living condition of IDPs and host fan-dlies by helping IDPs to return to their homes in Kosovo.

The shelter program is aiming to renovate approximately 1.000 buildings, which will provide housing to more than 8000 people. The private houses will be repaired by the owners or with assistance from the village community. They will receive building materials for external repairs of roof, doors, windows, and for internal repairs to make minimum two rooms inhabitable.

Only full quality building materials will be utilised. Other organisations in Kosovo are mostly providing plastic sheeting, nails and beams in similar projects. This is considered to be a cheaper way of dealing with the immediate need for shelter. The economy of the solution could be argued, as it is only a way to postpone the problem a few months.

Targeted Beneficiaries: The main target group will be IDP-families. The composition is mainly Albanian. Preference will be given to people with houses that can be made habitable by investments not exceeding NOK 5.000 ( doors/windows only) to 20.000 (includding roof). The owners must be identified and in a position. to participate in the renovation. The German NGO 'Cap Anamur' has been repairing more than 800 roofs in 20 villages. NCA Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 15 Appeal EUKM 91

Implementation

Most villages have local committees with responsibility for distribution of the humanitarian assistance. NCA will consult these or similar local bodies for assistance in identification of houses to be renovated.

The shelter project is based on a "self help" model. Each recipient will sign a contract which secures that the donation is used as intended. The amount of received materials depends on degree of damage, number of family members and additional IDPs in the household.

NCA staff will arrange all orders, purchases and accompany deliveries.

IV. ACT/NCA IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE (9 Months)

Project startup will occur during March 1999. The implementation period will occur primarily during April to December 1999.

V. ACT/NCA ADMINISTRATION and SUPPORT

NCA staff in FRY consist at present of four expatriates and five local staff members, including project staff, with the following designations:

Country Director Co-ordinator Shelter/school rehab. Project Co-ordinator (project) Shelter/school rehab. Project Co-ordinator (project) Emergency Civil Engineer (project) Shelter/school rehab. Project Electrical Engineer Shelter/school rehab. Project Administrative Assistant Accountant Secretary

One of the expats has broad experience from a rehabilitation programme in Bosnia. This person will be main responsible for the rehabilitation programs. NCA/FRY will be responsible for project Finance Management. At the end of the project all founds will be audited by KPM0-Belgrade, and the audited reports will be submitted to ACT and donors.

The NCA staff will conduct regular monitoring and submit progress and final reports. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 16 Appeal EUKM 91

I. DIRECT ASSISTANCE

Category / Description Type Unit Units USD Cost USD Total Shelter Materials Lump 1 607,018 607,018 Renovation of Schools Lump 1 480,970 480,970 Other Materials Lump 1 60,907 60,907

II. TRANSPORT, STORAGE Truck Rental and Transport Lump 1 7,960 7,960 Storage and Handling Lump 1 3,317 3,317

III. PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS, SUPPORT Expatriate Staff Salaries (2) Mo 10 3,980 79,600 Local Staff Salaries (2) Mo 10 743 14,860 Staff Housing (2) Mo 10 663 13,260 Office Rental & Utilities Lump 1 6,634 6,634 Communications Lump 1 663 663 Vehicle Operations Lump 1 3,980 3,980

TOTAL APPEAL BUDGET ACT/NCA: $ 1,279,169 (Further details on budget breakdown are available upon request)

VII. ADDITIONAL NCA INFORMATION NCA is currently developing an additional ACT appeal project which provides animal feed for rural farmers. During the past year, crops and animal feed have not been harvested by large numbers of rural families due to the war activities and displacement. NCA has provided some initial assistance in this sector and will provide additional information regarding proposed appeal assistance and budget.

ACT/DA APPEAL PROJECTS

I. ACT/DA INFORMATION

Diaconie Agapes (DA) is the social and development office of the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania. During 1997, ACT/DA worked in partnership with ACT IOCC successfully implemented emergency assistance in Albania through appeal EUAL71. During the past 6 months, DA has also provided ACT appeal assistance to Kosovo refugees in Albania through ACT appeal EUKA81. Diaconie Agape will be responsible for all aspects of Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 17 Appeal EUKM 91

III. ACT/DA PROJECT LOCATIONS

Emergency response will be targeted in areas of Albania and municipalities of Albania where the refugees have found shelter. Tropoje District Shkoder Kavaja Lezhe Elbasan Lac Lushnja Durres Fier

IV. ACT/DA APPEAL GOAL And OBJECTIVES

To provide winter clothing assistance to Kosovo refugees in Albania who have fled violence and civil unrest in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. C Provision of 5,000 sets of appropriate clothing to women refugees in Albania.

V. ACT/DA APPEAL BENEFICIARIES

DA will target their relief assistance to the most vulnerable refugees throughout areas of Albania.

C Clothing / Shoes Refugee Women Total = 5,000 Persons

In the targeted areas, ACT/DA will work cooperatively with UNHCR and refugee families housed with host families and in collective centers to establish beneficiary criteria and selection and for distribution of the emergency assistance. The local leadership currently in place will accomplish the selection of the most vulnerable persons within these areas and established, who conduct similar work and assistance for their village and city areas. ACT/DA will insure coordination of all assistance with international agencies, NGOs, and government authorities. Assistance will be provided without regard to race, creed, gender, and political or other factors. Information regarding the beneficiaries' economic status, health status and other critical factors will be fully considered.

VI. ACT/DA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE And IMPLEMENTATION

In coordination with UNHCR and the other international organizations, ACT/DA will provide new clothing (boots, shoes, stockings, underwear, trousers, skirts, t-shirts, and jackets/ ponchos) to the refugees in Albania based on a thorough needs assessment. Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 18 Appeal EUKM 91

Diaconia Agapes Director (DAD), based in Tirana, will be accountable to the Archbishop and be responsible for overall program management, and will also be responsible for the timely narrative and financial reporting to ACT. The DAD will also provide information on what other NGOs are doing in the region; provide information on current and changing political situations. Additionally, to provide information on the needs and numbers of the refugees; and to ensure that project staff are remunerated according to local standards.

The Project Director is responsible for preparing an operational plan which includes the implementation schedule (distribution, transport, warehousing, and monitoring) and resources needed. Once a plan is approved, the Director will implement the plan and any subsequent modifications, if needed. The Director will be responsible for the work schedule and for reporting on a bi-weekly basis.

Diaconia Agapes maintains procedures related to project financial management and control. The procedures cover cash activity (receipts and disbursements), procurement and inventory control. The Finance Manager will review financial reports and compare to project budgets with DA before they are submitted to ACT in order to strengthen DA's capacity in reporting requirements for international emergency relief programs.

All ACT funds when received are fully restricted for the project as designated by the appeal. As expenses are paid, proper documentation is maintained to support the charge to the project restricted funds. The field office maintains control over expenditures by the review and approval from the DAD.

DA personnel will accompany each convoy and be present at the delivery points in order to supervise distribution. They will check the beneficiaries’ authorization tickets and collect the lists with the beneficiaries’ signatures. Copies of the lists will be submitted to the local authorities as well as to the Albanian office for cooperation with NGOs.

VIII. ACT/DA IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE (3 Months)

Project Revision, Procurement, Transport Transport, Distribution, Monitoring of ACT Appeal Assistance Project Close-out and Final Reporting

IX. ACT/DA APPEAL BUDGET

Category/Description Type No. Unit Cost In Kind Total USD Unit Units USD USD Budget I. DIRECT ASSISTANCE - Clothing and Shoes Ea 5,000 35 0 175,000 Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 19 Appeal EUKM 91

Category/Description Type No. Unit Cost In Kind Total USD Unit Units USD USD Budget - Warehouse Manager Mo 3 400 0 1,200 - Project Staff Housing Mo 3 500 0 1,500 - Local and Regional Travel Mo 3 500 0 1,500 - Office Stationary & Supplies Mo 3 350 0 1,050 - Postage/Shipping Mo 3 300 0 900 - Telephone, Fax. EMail Mo 3 2,400 0 7,200 - Fuel (Gasoline & Diesel) Mo 3 1,050 0 3,150 - Vehicle Rental (1 - 4WD) Mo 3 1,200 0 3,600 - Audit of ACT Appeal Funds Lump 1 3,000 0 3,000 43,500

TOTAL APPEAL BUDGET ACT/DA: $ 229,000

ACT MEMBER APPEAL COORDINATION

ACT/NCA is the overall ACT ‘Coordinating Agency’ for the Kosovo region. NCA is currently working with IOCC, Diaconie Agapes and other regional ACT members and has established an effective coordination and communications mechanism for ACT response in Kosovo and nearby affected areas or countries - as detailed in the established Terms of Reference for ACT Coordinating Mechanisms in Emergency Locations.

IOCC will coordinate all project activities with the other ACT coordinating agencies in the region of Montenegro, as well as with NCA in Kosovo and Diaconie Agape in Albania. IOCC already maintains good working relationships with UNHCR in Belgrade, Pristina and Podgorica, as well as with the Montenegrin Commissioner for Displaced Persons, with the Yugoslav Red Cross, and with several of the international NGOs working in Kosovo and Montenegro. The needs identified and response proposed in this appeal follow directly from IOCC’s on-going work in Montenegro and western Kosovo and from discussions with representatives of local and international organizations in the areas of implementation. ACT/IOCC will continue to coordinate all project activities with these organizations and institutions.

ACT APPEAL - COORDINATION & COMMUNICATIONS BUDGET

Category/Description Type No. Unit Cost Total USD Unit Units USD Budget

Network Coordination/Comms Lump 1 20,000 15,000 15,000 Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 20 Appeal EUKM 91

150 route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100 APPEAL FACT SHEET 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland Tel:41 22 791 6033 Fax:41 22 791 6506 e-mail: [email protected]

Coordinating Office

Appeal Number: EUKA91 Appeal Name: Kosovo Conflict Refugees & Displaced

Date Issued: 16 March1999 Project Completion Date: 31 December 1999

Project Description: Provision of Food, Non-Food, Shelter and other emergency relief to refugees, displaced persons and the war affected population from the crisis in Kosovo. Assistance locations include Kosovo, Serbia, Montenegro and Albania.

Implementing Activity Appeal Target Partner Description (USD)

ACT/Int. Orthodox Christian Charities Emergency Relief 1,528,725 ACT/Norwegian Church Aid Emergency Relief 1,303,042 ACT/Diaconie Agapes Emergency Relief 229,000 ACT Network Communications/Coordination 15,000

TOTAL APPEAL TARGET: $ 3,075,767(USD) *** Pledges can be communicated to ACT by using the Appeal Pledge Form ***

ACT - Action by Churches Together Account Number: 102539/0.01.61 Banque Edouard Constant Cours de Rive 11 Kosovo Conflict: Refugees & Displaced - Page 21 Appeal EUKM 91

150 route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100 APPEAL PLEDGE FORM 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland Tel:41 22 791 6033 Fax:41 22 791 6506 (Please fax to the ACT Co-ordinating Office - Fax:++41 22 791 6506) e-mail: [email protected]

Coordinating Office

Appeal Name: Kosovo Crisis Refugee/Displaced Appeal Number: EUKA91 Appeal Target: $ 3,075,767 (USD) Project Completion Date: 31 Dec 99

Contributing organization: ...... Telephone number: ......

Contact person: ...... Signature Date 1. Contributions to the ACT bank account: 102539/0.01.61 Amount Expected Other Details (indicate currency) Transfer Date and Source of Funding eg Own Funds, Government, Other

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...... 2. Contributions direct to an implementing partner: Implementing Appeal Amount Expected Partner Component (indicate currency) Transfer Date

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