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Checklist and Identification Key Vf Tt.E Belgian Snakeflies

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Checklist and Identification Key Vf Tt.E Belgian Snakeflies --- , ----- ----------------------- ------------------ Bulletin S.R.B.E.IK.B. V. E., 146 (2010) : 25-29 Checklist and identification key vf tt. e Belgian snakeflies (Raphidi op t ~ra ) by K. LOCK Merelstraat 27, B-9000 Gent (e-mail : [email protected]). Abstract Five species of Raphidioptera have been reported for Belgium: Atlantoraphidia maculicollis (Step hens 1836), Phaeostigma (Phaeostigma) notata (Fabric ius, 1781 ), Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis ophiopsis Linnaeus 1758, Subilla confinis (Stephens, 1836) and Xanthostigma xanthostigma (Schummel, 1832). In the present study, one additional species is reported for the first time in Belgium: Inocellia crassicornis (Schummel, 1832). A checklist of the Belgian species is given and an identification key is presented containing all the species occurring in Belgium and the adjacent regions. Keywords : Belgium, Ino_cellia crassicornis, species list. Samenvatting Vijf soorten Raphidioptera werden reeds gemeld voor Belgie: Atlantoraphidia maculicollis (Stephens 1836), Phaeostigma (Phaeostigma) notata (Fabricius, 1781), Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis ophiopsis Linnaeus, 1758, Subilla confinis (Stephens 1836) en Xanthostigma xanthostigma (Schummel, 1832). In deze studie wordt een bijkomende soort voor het eerst gemeld voor Belgie: Inocellia crassicornis (Schummel, 1832). Een soortenlijst met de Belgische kameelhalsvliegen wordt gegeven en een determinatiesleutel wordt voorgesteld die alle soorten bevat die voorkomen in Belgie en de omliggende gebieden. Resume Cinq especes de Raphidiopteres etaient deja rapportees pour la Belgique : Atlantoraphidia maculicollis (Stephens, 1836), Phaeostigma (Phaeostigma) notata (Fabricius, 1781 ), Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis ophiopsis Linnaeus, 1758, Subilla confinis (Stephens, 1836) et Xanthostigma xanthostigma (Schummel, 1832). Inocellia crassicornis (Schummel, 1832) est rapportee pour la premiere fois de Belgique. Une liste des especes beiges est donnee et une cle d'identification est presentee pour toutes les especes de Belgique et des regions limitrophes. Introduction mainly found from May till July and are only active during the day and found on the sunny The combination of the elongated pronotum side of conifers, oaks and frui t trees. Worldwide, and the presence of four membranous wings is about 200 species have been described. unique amongst the Belgian insects. Female In Belgium, Raphidioptera have hardly been snake flies also have a long, flexible, rather studied. The aim of the present study was to give ' needle-like' ovipositor arising from the end of an overview of the knowledge about the Belgian the abdomen (the name of the group is derived snakeflies. In addition, an identi fi cation key is from the Greek 'raphidas' =a needle, relating to presented here, containing all the species this ovipositor). Snake-flies have a length of I 0 occurring in Belgium and in addition some to 20 mm. The larvae are predators that li ve in species that might be expected. litter amongst roots or under the bark of trees. Their development takes about two or three years Material and methods and involves about 10 larval stages. Adults are Most of the studied material belongs to the 25 ". Table 1. Checklist of the Belgian Raphidioptera. ORDER RAPIDDIOPTERA Family Inocelliidae Inocellia crassicornis (Schumme11832) Family Raphidiidae Atlantoraphidia maculicollis (Stephens 18 36) Phaeostigma (Phaeostigma) notata (Fabncius : 781) Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis ophiopsis Linn:-!~Us 1758 Subilla confinis (Stephens 1836) ....___ __Xanthostif!111a xanthostif!ma (Schummel 1832) collections of the Gembloux Agricultural fauna: A. maculicollis, P. (P.) notata, S. confinis University and the Royal Belgian Institute for and X xanthostigma, whereas NAVAS (1912) Natural Sciences. In addition, the Werkgroep copied the list from DE SEL YS-LONGCHAMPS Invertebraten Denderstreek (WID) delivered (1888), but synonymised R. laticeps with P. (M.) some unidentified snakeflies. All available major instead of P. (P.) notata. material was identified according to AsPOCK et al. (1980) (in German), which contains all the Recorded species European species of Megaloptera, Raphidioptera In total, only 82 records of snakeflies and Neuroptera. belonging to six species were available for Belgium. Therefore, the lmowledge of the Results distribution of the species occurring in Belgium is still fragmentary. Nevertheless, the known Literature overview locations for each species are given below. A DE SELYS-LONGCHAMPS (1888) already listed checklist of the species occurring in Belgium is seven species for Belgium: Atlantoraphidia presented in Table 1. maculicollis (Stephens 1836), Phaeostigma (Phaeostigma) notata (Fabricius 1781 ), Raphi­ • Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis ophiopsis dia (Raphidia) ophiopsis ophiopsis Linnaeus This species can be observed on conifers and 1758, Subilla confinis (Stephens 1836), has a preference for pine trees. It has been Xanthostigma xanthostigma (Schummel 1832), reported from Virton (DE SEL YS-LONGCHAMPS, Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) major (Burmeis­ 1888) and has also been found in Geel, La Gleize ter 1839) and Raphidia laticeps (Wallengren and Seraing. 1871). However, the latter species is a junior synonym of P. (P.) notata. Investigation of the • Phaeostigma (Phaeostigma) notata material present in the Royal Belgian Institute for P. (P.) notata can be observed on broadleaved Natural Sciences indicated that also the trees as well as coniferous trees and it is the most specimens identified as P. (M.) major actually common species in Belgium. It has been found in belonged to P. (P.) notata. P. (P.) notata has Angleur, Bruxelles, Halloy, Marcinelle and often been identified by the presence of four Neufchateau by DE SELYS-LONGCHAMPS {1888) discoidal cells in the fore wing, while P. (M.) and in Solwaster by RosE (2000) and it also major has only three discoidal cells. Also occurred in Achene, Auderghem, Boitsfort, SEMERIA & BERLAND (1988), still used the Bouillon, Ferage, Gembloux, Ghlin, Groenen­ number of discoidal cells to distinguish these dael, Humain, lvoz-Ramet, Malonne, Mariemont, species. However, this is not a reliable Mazy, Mont-Gauthier, Munster-Bilzen, Ranee, characteristic since P. (P.) notata sometimes also Rixensart, Rochefort, Saint-Hubert, Seneffe, has only three discoidal cells. To distinguish both Sint-Joris-Weert, Spa, Tenneville and Verviers. species, the genitalia should be examined (Annex 1). o Subilla .confznis Since DE SEL YS-LONGCHAMPS (1888) This species lives on broad-leaved trees, with published his checklist, no additional species preference for oaks and fruit trees such as apple have been reported for Belgium. LAMEERE and pear. It has been reported from Longchamps­ (1900) only reported four species for the Belgian sur-Geer, Orval and Angleur (DE SEL vs- 26 LONGCHAMPS, 1888) and has also been caught in 2003). All the mentioned species can be Cointe, Goffontaine, Grand-Leez, Paturages, i.Jenti :~ed with the presented identification key Sint-Martens-Latem and Viesville. :_Ann.:x 1). The key can be used to identify all spec!es occurring in Belgium, Luxembourg, the • Atlantoraphidia maculicollis Netl!o::rlands, the UK, Ireland, Germany, Poland A. maculicollis prefers pine trees. It has been and ~)candinavia. reported from Brugge and Diest (DE SEL vs­ LONGCHAMPS, 1888) and has also been found in Acknowledgements Bruxelles, Casteau, Elsene, Embourg, Gem­ bloux, Tilly and Munsterbilzen. I would like to thank Jeannine BORTELS for her • Xanthostigma xanthostigma help during the study of the collection present in the This species can be observed on broad-leaved Gembloux Agricultural University. Jerome CONSTANT and Pol LIMBOURG are acknowledged for trees, with preference for oaks and fruit trees their help during the study of the collection in the such as apple and pear. It has been collected in Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences in Berlare, Gedinne, Geraardsbergen, Honegem, Brussels. I'm also grateful to the Werkgroep Lillois, Lokeren, Loverval, Ooigem, Tourinnes­ Invertebraten Denderstreek (WID) for delivering la-Grosse, Vekee, Villers-Perwin, Villers-sur­ some unidentified specimens. Lesse and Winenne. Literature • lnocellia crassicornis In the present study, I crassicornis is reported ASPOCK H., ASPQCK U. & HOUEL H., 1980. - Die for the first time for Belgium. It was collected on Neuropteren Europas. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld, 7.VI.l959 in Hauset and is preserved in the Volume I, 495pp, Volume 11, 355pp. collection of the Gembloux Agricultural Univer­ DE SELYS-LONGCHAMPS E., 1888. - Catalogue raisonne des Orthopteres et des Nevropteres de sity (FSAG). So far, this is the only record of this Belgique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de species. The species can be found on conifers Belgique, 32 : 103-203. and has a preference for pine trees. LAMEERE A., 1900. - Manuel de la faune de Belgique. Tome 2. Bruxelles, 858 pp. Discussion NAVAS L., 1912. - Synopsis des Nevropteres de Belgique. Revue mensuelle de la Societe In the present study, six species of snakeflies Entomologique Namuroise, 13 : 35-36. are reported for Belgium. In the Netherlands and RosE L., 2000. - Quelques notions sur les in Luxembourg, no additional species have been Nevropteres (sensu lato) et les Mecopteres. Revue recorded. However, in Germany and northern Vervietoise d'Histoire Nature/le, 57: 115-127. France, also Dichrostigma jlavipes (Stein 1863), SAURE C., 2003. - Verzeichnis der Kamelhalsfliegen Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) major (Raphidioptera) Deutschlands.
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