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In the Footsteps of Dic Penderyn

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In the Footsteps of Dic Penderyn dic Inpenderyn the footsteps of Follow in the footsteps of Dic Penderyn. Was he a hero, 5 villain or victim of the 1831 Merthyr Rising? You decide! Our trail through Merthyr Tydfil takes us to places where the leaders of the rising would have met to formulate their plans and to the locations of several flashpoints during the rising which led ultimately to the massacre of some 26 workers. Dic Penderyn himself was hanged for the alleged stabbing of a British soldier, but the Merthyr Rising PenderynThe New Crown Square Inn (site lives on through the symbolism of the red flag, first flown of the former Castle Inn) as an emblem of workers’ protest during the events of 1831. The Crown Inn JOSEPH PARRY’S IL AND COTTAGE RA 6 THE T OW D 2 FOLL SITE 0 VI 1 EN 4 WH A TICK OFF 2 QUARRY ROW . R R E T K R A P T. S S E I W A H S L T LLWYN BERRY B I E L A 4 R R T R O O H O N E M M S NT T E D PO N D A I Merthyr’s Iron Heart S . O T P S . R .. D E T A T 5&6 S O A A S R 3 I H V V M A G BETHESDA ST. L I A E E R H R T U N N O R M P U U E Three Horse Shoes (now AB 7 P E 7 E 2 E O’Sullivan’s Celtic Bar) R PENDERYN T D H SQUARE U E O 8 FINISH N M I ABERDARE C O RD. A P N L S E T 3 E S N I E S C T R R T . Y H T S S G Y LE . ET T 2 E B H TSRTE L E HRUCRHC S . LA CHCU T N S D A S C T. T R A A 4 M R 0 . OHN ST 5 I J R V 4 E T. O A S B R RI Y Dic Penderyn V I C TO A R T M Y D A A N R L F K S L. W T E S P F CON T A E BE I R S D G Q . U E T T H H Y N C WA AM I Court of Requests RAH N O I E G G O M . H O N N A Y S R L S E S T T T C N . S . Y H T W . Y LL 4 1 START T. N A S CAE’R WER A 4 LM 0 A EET 5 AN STR 4 SW C A CO E LLYS JANICE U T RT ’ TER. R ROWLANDS E W E KEY A R E V T R C E S N A Shopping Centre N E H D P U G R I E E A N Redhouse W H L . D R A R E D R N Memorial Fountain . W V C W L I L L E I W Merthyr College C H Pontmorlais Y Merthyr Tydfil C Canolfan Soar P Central Library A LYM E O ’ U R TH W ST E RE R 2 E N 0 #MerthyrTownTrailsT 1 4 welovemerthyr.co.uk TURN OVER FOR MORE INFORMATION ON EACHA STOP… @welovemerthyr A 4 7 0 MERTHYR TYDFIL LEISURE VILLAGE 2 0 1 4 A 2 3 The Crown Inn Although we cannot be Three Horse Shoes (now Court of Requests 1 sure exactly where, it was O’Sullivan’s Celtic Bar) in places such as this Grade The scene of one of the early Through March and April 1831, the II listed former coaching flashpoints of the Merthyr Rising, 4 situation in Merthyr Tydfil deteriorated. the Court of Requests was where inn that the participants in the Merthyr One of the ironmasters, William records of the workers’ debts were Pontmorlais Rising would have met to formulate their Here you can you can see the Crawshay, had announced wage kept. Its bailiffs ruthlessly pursued plans. Previous decades were marked original route the workers would cuts for his workers and the voting those debtors, confiscating their by simmering unrest, punctuated by have taken in those first days reform crisis was in full swing. belongings. occasional outbreaks of violence such of June, marching from the as the riots and strikes of 1800 and This public house was a well-known The final days of May had seen Penydarren, Hirwaun and Cyfarthfa 1816. At the heart of this discontent meeting place for the 1831 radicals a mass meeting of some 2000 Ironworks down to the town was variable wages, amidst this simmering unrest. Built in workers at the Waun above Dowlais, via Pontmorlais. rising food prices 1795, it had spacious rooms inside as protesting against the stalled and widespread debt. well as space for outdoor meetings. If you have time to explore a bit Reform Bill and against the Court Conflict between Unfortunately for the protesters, further, drop into Canolfan Soar, of Requests. It may have been on the Ironmasters there is evidence that a a former chapel now hosting this occasion that a cloth was dipped (owners of Merthyr’s government spy infiltrated Merthyr Tydfil’s Welsh in calf blood and raised for the first huge ironworks) their meetings language and culture time as a symbol of workers’ protest. and workers was and therefore centre. ongoing. By the spring the ironmasters In the early days of of 1831, alongside knew a great June, insurrection demands for higher wages and better deal of the followed including living conditions, the movement for workers’ plans the storming of the the extension of the franchise had in 1831. Court of Requests, also found a Welsh base. Amidst rising which you see in tension, protesters would have gathered front of you. The in the large back rooms of inns such crowd released the as this to discuss their grievances property which had and demands. been seized and held there, restoring Now make your way along Swan Street 6 it to its former owners, whilst the and follow the River Taff northwards, debt records were systematically 8 crossing to the west bank in front destroyed by burning or thrown of the fire station. into the nearby River Taff. Merthyr’s Iron Heart The iron heart in the corner of Penderyn Square is the work of artist Merthyr Tydfil 5 David Appleyard. It is based on a motif Central Library from Watkin George’s iron bridge So, what was Dic Penderyn’s fate after which would have crossed the River the defeat of the rising? A plaque on the 7 Penderyn Square (site Taff at the time of the Merthyr Rising, library’s exterior, funded by the Church of the former Castle Inn) although sadly the bridge is no longer in Wales and the local Trades Council, The Castle Inn, now a grassed area at the there. Appleyard wanted to reflect the commemorates the events of 1831 north end of Penderyn Square, was the focal and notes that he was hanged at Cardiff town’s iron heritage but also designed Y Dic Penderyn point for the main confrontations of the it as a nod to Dic Penderyn himself The naming of Y Dic Penderyn public Gaol on August 13th 1831. Though Merthyr Rising over several days. saying: house is symbolic of the importance the facts are disputed, he was alleged of the Merthyr Rising in working class to have stabbed a soldier, Donald Black It was here that the ironmasters met “The iron heart from the iron bridge protest. of the Highland Regiment, in the thigh a delegation of workers, including Dic provides the perfect metaphor for during the conflict outside the Penderyn, to discuss their Merthyr. It has a direct link to the days When the building was purchased Castle Inn. grievances. The ironmasters of the iron masters, it was originally by JD Wetherspoon, it was originally delayed, whilst cast in Cyfarthfa Ironworks using iron named after Josiah John Guest, In 2016, requesting that made in Merthyr Tydfil, it has a personal owner of the Dowlais Iron Company a petition more troops be sent connection to Dic Penderyn and it and Merthyr’s first MP. Following protesting his to Merthyr, but the has existed and become weathered a campaign by the Dic Penderyn innocence patience of the throughout the last 200 years of Society, it was renamed more and seeking a workers ran out. Merthyr’s history. It is still here.” suitably for its historic location, posthumous When a large crowd no longer celebrating a Dowlais pardon was of protesters tried Don’t miss Welsh poet Gillian Clarke’s capitalist but rather a folklore hero, signed by some to break into the two works about the Merthyr Rising Dic Penderyn. 11 000 people. inn, they were met at the foot of the heart. The Welsh It cited the by rapid fire from poem is in the form of an confession made some 40 years after troops of the Argyll and Sutherland englyn, a traditional and the rising by another man, Ianto Parker, Highlanders, resulting in at least 26 killed complex to the crime together with the admission and probably treble that number injured. Welsh by a key witness, James Abbott, that he Elsewhere, the Swansea yeomanry was verse form had lied at the trial. disarmed and sent packing but with the dating back subsequent arrival of extra soldiers, the to the 9th It should also be noted that Dic insurrection began to collapse.
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