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The National Register of Historic Places

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The National Register of Historic Places NATIONAL PARK SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR THE Background photo: Cranston Street Armory, Providence, RI (Jack Boucher, NATIONAL HABS). Bottom photos, left to right: Philadelphia Toboggan Company Carousel #6, Burlington, CO (NHL collection); REGISTER Archeologist excavating at the Jamestown National Historic Site, Jamestown Island, VA (Sarah Pope); Windsor Covered Bridge, OF HISTORIC Windsor, VT (NHL Collection); Lolo Trail, Nez Perce National Historical Park, Lolo Hot Springs vie, ID (NHL collection); PLACES Madison Historic District, Madison, IN (Jack Boucher, HABS). NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ¡V= NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 1849 C STREET, N.W., MS 2280 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20240 WWW.CR.NPS.GOV/NR U7u EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA ! Ml THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES he National Register of Historic Places is the Tofficial list of the Nation's historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, it is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect our historic and archeological resources. The National Register is adminis­ tered by the National Park Service under the Secretary of the Interior. Properties listed in the National Register include districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that are significant in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture. The National Register includes: • all historic areas in the National Park System; • National Historic Landmarks that have been desig­ nated by the Secretary of the Interior for their signifi­ cance to all Americans; and • properties significant to the Nation, State, or commu­ nity which have been nominated by State historic ««• • preservation offices, Federal agencies, and Tribal -•• «I preservation offices, and have been approved by the ««« m National Park Service. America's historic places embody our unique spirit, character and identity. Representing important historical trends and events, reflecting the lives of significant per­ sons, illustrating distinctive architectural, engineering, and artistic design achievement, and imparting information about America's past, historic places tell compelling stories of the Nation, and of the States and communities through­ out the country. The National Register helps preserve these significant historic places by recognizing this irreplaceable heritage. Its primary goals are to foster a national preserva­ tion ethic; promote a greater appreciation of America's heritage; and increase and broaden the public's under­ standing and appreciation of historic places. The National Register entourages citizens, public agencies, ana" private organizations to recognize and use the places of our past • ¡Si to create livable and viable communities far the future. Opposite: Scotty's Castle, Death Valley National Park, CA *m* - 111 jj '"^^1 (Jack Boucher, HABS) CONTENTS National Recognition..^ Results of Listing in the National Register...7 Preservation Assistance...8 The National Register as a Planning Tool...11 Nominations and Listing Procedures...14 Evaluating Properties for Listing in the National Register...20 Determinations of Eligibility...22 National Historic Landmarks...24 Research, Education, Tourism and Technical Assistance...26 Quick Reference...30 1 H ' 1 1 Monadnock Mills Historic District, Claremont, NH (New Hampshire State historic preservation office) 2 3 '7 don't think without the National Register designation of NATIONAL RECOGNITION the Warehouse district we could have gotten the investor interest and the interest of public officials in taking a bunch of old buildings that people were knocking down for parking lots isting properties in the National Register often and turning them into a vibrant retail, residential, and office Lchanges the way communities perceive their district." (Hunter Morrison, City of Cleveland Planning Office) historic places, and strengthens the credibility of efforts by private citizens and public officials to preserve these resources as living parts of our communities. Listing honors a property by recognizing its importance to its community, State, or the Nation. The National Register, which recognizes the values of properties as diverse as a dugout shelter of an Oklahoma pioneer settler, the Breakers Mansion in Newport, and a 12,000-year-old prehistoric site, has helped many citizens to appreciate the richness and variety of the Nation's heritage. Cleveland Warehouse Historic District, Cleveland, OH (Karen Borland, Sandvick Architects) ne of the most common questions that property Results of Listing Oowners have about the National Register is, "Will in the National Register there be restrictions on my property after listing?" Owners of private property listed in the National Register have no • Listing in the National Register honors the property obligation to open their properties to the public, to restore by recognizing its importance to its community, State, them, or even to maintain them, if they choose not do so. or the Nation. Owners can do anything they wish with their property • Federal agencies, whose projects affect a listed prop­ provided that no Federal license, permit, or funding is erty, must give the Advisory Council on Historic Pres­ involved. For the private property owner, Federal funding ervation an opportunity to comment on the project for historic buildings usually comes in the form of Federal and its effects on the property. See "Federal tax credits for rehabilitation. Owners of National Register Activities" on page 11. properties who choose to participate in the preservation • Owners of listed properties may be able to obtain tax incentive program must follow the Secretary of the Federal historic preservation funding, when funds are Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and receive approval available. In addition, Federal investment tax credits by the National Park Service of the rehabilitation project in for rehabilitation and other provisions may apply. order to receive the tax credit. Local historical commissions, design review commit­ • Owners of private property listed in the National tees, or special zoning ordinances are established by State Register have no obligation to open their properties legislation or local ordinances, and are not part of the to the public, to restore them, or even to maintain National Park Service's National Register program. The them, if they choose not do so. Owners can do State Historic Preservation Officer and the mayor, city anything they wish with their property council or other community officials can provide informa­ provided that no Federal license, tion on any State or local law which may affect a historic permit, or funding is involved. property. PRESERVATION ASSISTANCE the rehabilitation project in order to receive the tax credit. Information about the Federal Historic Preservation tax incentives program is on the Web at <www.cr.nps.gov/hps/ rivate preservation efforts, spurred by the honor of tps/tax/>, or can be obtained by contacting Federal PNational Register listing and made feasible by financial Historic Preservation Tax Incentives at the address listed in incentives, have resulted in a rise in the value of historic prop­ the "Quick Reference" section on p. 30 of this brochure. erty and in the creation of construction, business, and employ­ Information about this program can also be obtained by ment opportunities throughout the Nation. Documentation contacting your State historic preservation office. Infor­ used for evaluating and registering historic properties is the mation on obtaining the address and phone number for basis for decisions about which properties merit tax incentives your State historic preservation office is also found under or available Federal, and, in some cases, State and local assis­ the "Quick Reference" section on p. 30. tance, and how these properties should be treated to respect their historic character. Easement Donations. The Federal Internal Revenue Code also provides for Federal income, estate, and gift tax Federal Tax Incentives for Rehabilitation. Since 1976, the deductions for charitable contributions of partial interests Federal Internal Revenue Code has contained a variety of in real property (land and buildings). Taxpayers' gifts of incentives to encourage capital investment in historic buildings qualified interests must be "exclusively for conservation and to spur revitalization of historic properties. These incen­ purposes." One of these purposes is defined as "the preser­ tives, including a 20% investment tax credit, encourage the vation of an historically important land area or certified preservation of historic commercial, industrial, and rental historic structure." Further information on easements may residential buildings listed in the National Register by allowing be obtained from the sources listed above in the rehabilita­ favorable tax treatments for rehabilitation and dis­ tion tax incentives section. couraging destruction of historic properties. Owners of National Register properties who Federal Historic Preservation Grants. Owners of choose to participate in the preserva­ National Register listed properties may be able to obtain tion tax incentive program must Federal historic preservation funding, when funds are follow the Secretary of the available. Information about Federal historic preservation Interior's Standards for grant assistance is available on the Web at <www.cr.nps. Rehabilitation and receive gov/grants.htm>
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