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Our French Canadian Connections the Farly Family Our French Canadian Connections The Farly Family (Last Updated: March 2019) Contents Chapter 1 – France and the New World Chapter 2 – Filles du Roi - Journey to the New World Chapter 3 – Marriage in New France Chapter 4 – Francois Allard and Jeanne l’Anguille Chapter 5 – Other Filles du Roi in the Family Chapter 6 – Quebec Chapter 7 – Descendency Chart Chapter 8 – Ireland and the Farley’s Chapter 9 – The First Irishman in New France Chapter 10 – Our Ancestor, the Voyageur Chapter 11 – The Farlys in Later Years Chapter 12 – Relationships Chapter 13 – Adam Farly and Valerie Allard Chapter 14 – Denise Farly and Jules (Julius) Boucher Chapter 15 – Emigration to the United States Chapter 16 – Julia Farley and Joseph Boucher Chapter 17 – Life in Crookston Chapter 18 – On the Road Again: Immigration to Canada Chapter 19 – Our Family E:\#GENEALOGY\#Stories and Publications\French Connection 2012\French_Conn_2019.docx Chapter 1 — Page 1 Chapter 1 France and the New World French Exploration Champlain lived with violence After serving in France under Henry of Navarre (King Henry IV) throughout his childhood. He lived in the religious wars, Samuel de Champlain was given command in an area of conflict between of a Spanish fleet sailing to the West Indies, Mexico, and the Catholic and Protestant forces. He served in the army of Henry of Isthmus of Panama. He described this three-year tour to the Navarre, and in one battle the French king in Bref Discours (1859). In 1603 he made his first French drove 400 Spaniards to the voyage to New France as a member of a fur-trading expedition. edge of the sea and slaughtered all but 11 of them. The French and He explored the St. Lawrence River as far as the rapids at their allies lost nearly 3,000 men. Lachine and described his voyage in Des Sauvages (1603). The religious wars came to a temporary end in 1598, and The Sieur de Monts was the founder of Port-Royal, the first Champlains ambitions turned elsewhere. permanent settlement in Canada. In 1603, Henry of Navarre awarded him a fur-trade monopoly in New France. In return, he was to plant about 60 colonists per year and convert the local natives to Christianity. With the Sieur de Monts, with his monopoly of trade in the region, Champlain returned to New France in 1604 to found a colony, which was landed at the mouth of the St. Croix River. In 1605 the colony moved across the Bay of Fundy to Port Royal (now Annapolis Royal, N.S.), and in the next three years Champlain explored the New England coast south to Martha's Vineyard, discovering Mt. Desert Island and most of the larger rivers of Maine and making the first detailed charts of the coast. The Sieur de Monts had difficulties in New France and enemies in France, and in 1611. The colony had to be abandoned. Because of de Monts efforts, Champlain was able to carry on and he established a new colony on the St. Lawrence River. Chapter 1 — Page 2 Henry Navarre (Henry IV) started life as a Huguenot and was involved in the wars of religion before he ascended the throne in 1589. He enacted the Edict of Nantes which guaranteed religious liberties to the Protestants, thus ending the war. Henry was one of the most popular of the French kings and showed care for the welfare of his subjects and unusual religious tolerance. He eventually was assassinated by a fanatical catholic, Francois Ravillac. Ironically Henry did become a Catholic in 1593, renouncing Protestantism to ensure his Crown. In 1598, he did assure tolerance to the Huguenots through the Edict of Nantes. In 1608 in the ship Le Don de Die, Champlain brought his colonists to the site of Quebec. In the spring of 1609, accompanying a war party of Huron against the Iroquois, Champlain discovered the lake that bears his name, and near Crown Point, New York, the Iroquois were met and routed by French troops. The incident is believed to be largely responsible for the later hatred of the French by the Iroquois. In 1612 Champlain returned to France, where he received a new grant of the fur-trade monopoly. Returning in 1613, he set off on a journey to the western lakes. He reached only Allumette Island in the Ottawa River that year, but in 1615 he went with Étienne Brulé and a party of Huron to Georgian Bay on Lake Huron, returning southeastward by way of Lake Ontario. Accompanying another Huron war party to an attack on an Onondaga village in present-day New York, Champlain was wounded and forced to spend the winter with the Huron. Chapter 1 — Page 3 The Company of the 100 Associates was established by Cardinal Richelieu and was comprised of 100 investors, including many important officials of the French Court as well as merchants and financiers. The purpose of the Company was to colonize and govern New France. The Company would provide transportation for settlers and sustenance for the first 3 years, enough cleared land to support them, and each community would be provided with 3 Catholic priests. The goal was to send 300 colonists per year starting in 1628, with 4000 colonists by 1643. For their investment, the Company would receive title to all French lands in North America and a trade monopoly. The settlement would be governed by the Company through the Catholic Church. War broke out with England in 1627, and before the first settlers arrived in New France, their ships were intercepted by the British and seized after a short clash. The British confiscated as much as they could carry and allowed the French to return to France. The project was put on hold and the Company was dissolved in 1663. Thereafter Champlain devoted his time to the welfare of the colony, of which he was the virtual governor. He helped to persuade Richelieu to found the Company of One Hundred Associates, which was to take over the interests of the colony. Champlain is listed as an investor in the Company. Cardinal Richelieu at the Theatre Chapter 1 — Page 4 Illustration in Champlain’s “Voyages” In 1629 Quebec was suddenly captured by the British, and Champlain was sent into exile in England for four years; there he prepared the third edition of his Voyages de la Nouvelle France (1632). New France was restored to France in 1632, and Champlain returned to the colony with a fleet of three ships carrying craftsmen, such as masons and blacksmiths, soldiers, labourers, and men for the fur trade. Some women and children also came. In 1634 Champlain sent Jean Nicolet into the West, thus extending French exploration and claims as far as Wisconsin. He restored relations with the Hurons and Algonquins and improved the fur trade. He built a fort in 1634 to put a stop to English settlement in the area. He defended the new colony with a handful of men and a few Natives. Champlain died at the age of 68 at his fortress at St. Louis due to paralysis (perhaps he had a stroke). He passed away on Christmas Day 1635. He was originally buried in the town he founded at the Chapel of Champlain. The chapel was destroyed by fire five years later. Nobody knows where his grave is located today. Chapter 1 — Page 5 Statue of Champlain in Ottawa Chapter 1 — Page 6 Quebec The name carried by the city and territory of Quebec comes from an Amerindian word meaning "straits", or "where the river narrows". At the time when Jacques Cartier visited the site, the Amerindians called it Stadacona. The town of Quebec was the first town to take shape in Canada. It was only after exploring the valley of the Saint Lawrence River that Champlain chose this site, which he found more advantageous than Acadie, where the French first settled. Champlain allied himself with the First Nations in the area – Algonquin, Montagnais, and Huron. Champlain aligned himself in battle with his new allies against the Iroquois, thus solidifying his relationship with the Huron and Algonquin. This also served to stabilize the fur trade in the area, although confrontations with the Iroquois continued. Young men from the colony were encouraged to live with the native allies, so they could learn their language and customs. These were the courier de bois who extended French influence throughout eastern Canada. When Champlain was Governor of New France, Cardinal Richelieu ruled that only Catholics could live in the colony. Protestants were required to renounce their faith, thus, many chose to live in the English colonies. Missionaries came from France to convert the natives to Catholicism. Louis Joliet (left) grew up in New France and attended school operated by the Jesuits. He became a mapmaker while exploring the Great Lakes and the Mississippi. He also was a fur trader. Chapter 1 — Page 7 It was from Quebec that Champlain undertook the expeditions to the Richelieu River, the Great The Kertk (Kirke) brothers were French Huguenots whose family had escaped Lakes and the Ottawa region. The taking of France to avoid persecution by the Quebec by the Kirke brothers in 1629 interrupted Catholics. At the time the Company of One all exploration of the Canadian interior and the Hundred Associates was expanding colonization in Quebec, the British had the North American continent by Champlain, the same idea. A group of investors called the missionaries and the explorers. David Kirke was Knights Baronet of Nova Scotia aimed to an adventurer and governor for the English king. reclaim the land that John Cabot had claimed in 1497.
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