number One Berlin April 1968 wHeRe iTs at Germany

WHERE IT'S AT is exactly what it says. It's the flip deployment". Officially there is no longer a National side of the coin, the completion of the Military's side Liberation Front (NLF); now there are just "Viet Cong" of the picture, or maybe just simply the other point of or "Communists". view America is so proud of- talking about but rarely pro­ AFB correspondent, Tom Kuelbs, known for his sound duces. But this is not just another soldiers' nevspaper. political reporting from Bonn, suddenly found himself It is an attempt to bridge the artificial gap the Mili­ replaced on the air by "wire reports". tary has tried to create between the GI and his environ­ AFN's Berlin correspondent did some independent re­ ment: namely, other Americans and the German populace. porting on the situation in that city. His material If it works, if the soldier is willing to write about went on the air as "compiled from the wires of AP and the abuses and complaints in the Armed Forces with which UPI". he is in daily contact,then that artificial gap will dis­ According to Ellis, military communications media appear. And public dialogue is one of the best ways to should be likened to a band. "The band can't make a cure social and military ills. Together we car. surely political comment, can't say a wrong thing unless some call this newspaper WHERE IT'S AT, something which the s.o.b. has his horn out of tune." Military cannot claim. (Material should be sent to Fran Many staffers are not buying this rather heavy- Puller, 1 Berlin 12, Nlebuhrstr. 64. Karnes are not re­ handed attempt to ourtail their news analyses, and are quired, but we would like to know the place where one is thinking about resigning. stationed, the unit, and one's rank, -ed.) (Summarized from Time magazine, January 8, 1968) WHat's thE Army Af raiD Of? Be Run students The MP's and German police were busy on Easter Sunday. They were on the scene within minutes when some Ameri­ cans living in Berlin attempted to distribute leaflets AFB may be starting to distort the news, but that's no­ in an American military housing area. The leaflets were thing compared to the 70?£ of Berlin newspapers belonging an attempt to explain to Americans in uniform why some to the German publishing magnate Axel Springer. Tor of their countrymen supported the German student demon­ years he has been reporting student activities in a strations. After several hours the German police (MP's slanted way designed to arouse fear and hatred among the have no jurisdiction over civilians) released those ar­ people. He has even called on the citizens to "help the rested« it is no orime for Americans to disttti-bute leaf­ polioe with the dirty work" of dispersing student demon­ lets to Americans. Why, then, were the MP's so afraid? strators. Since Springer's virtual monopoly molds so Could it be the Military did not want its soldiers to muoh of public opinion and oreates an atmosphere of ex­ hear opinions other than its own? treme animosity toward a minority, it is no wonder that someone eventually tried to assassinate Rudi Dutsohke, At the same time, the Berlin Brigade was being con­ the student leader whom the press had built up into Pub­ fined on base. The Army was afraid the GIs would "get lic Enemy Number One. into trouble" in the streets of Berlin, that they The Berlin city government ia equally guilty. It was weren't mature enough to decide for themselves whether so angry at not being allowed by the courts to forbid a or not they wanted to go to the areas of the demonstra« demonstration on February 18th, that lt staged its own tions and have the opportunity to talk to demonstrators rally three days later. Workers all got two hours free and non-demonstrators alike. Ironically, while the com­ with pay, and busses left from the doors of the facto­ mand of the Berlin Brigade was so carefully lookin« out ries - just like in East Berlin. At this rally city for its own, many soldiers on leave from West Germany officials aroused public feeling against the student mingled with the demonstrators and had no problems keep­ minority to suoh an extent that people in the crowd who ing out of "trouble". merely looked like students were beaten up. The official reason the Army gave for keeping its sol­ When Rudi Dutsohke was shot on April 11th, it became diers at home was a declared base alert in case the clear that the situation was so dangerous that something methods of the Berlin police - including charging at and had to be done about it. Not having any power within over students and observers alike with horses, beating the government nor any voice in the public communica­ them with hard rubber truncheons and short rubber whips- tions media, the only way students can make their de­ oouldn't handle the situation. The Berlin police and mands heard is to demonstrate in the streets. For five the MP's are always happy to assist each other - as the days after the shooting of Dutsohke there were student Americans detained on Easter Sunday discovered - but now demonstrations all over Germany! in Berlin the first it seems the average soldier may be forced to partici­ night they broke windows at the Springer publishing pate. Without any first-hand knowledge of who or what house and the seoond night they tried to prevent deli­ they would be fighting, soldiers are expected to sit and very trucks with newspapers from leaving the building. wait for orders to do the dirty work of the Berlin po­ All the other demonstrations were simply an attempt to lice. If Berlin GIs were allowed the possibility to get people to listen to their demands, and would have talk with student protestors, they might not be so will­ been peaoeful if it weren't for the police. The police ing to cooperate in any possible future operation with had orders to break up every gathering of students, and the Berlin polioe. And that might be what the Army is the officers encouraged their subordinates to be brutal. afraid of.... Even when some students just drove to the jail to pick up their friends who had been released, they were torn out of their oars and badly beaten with clubs. What is the Berlin city government so afraid of, that AFn Out OF tune it has to beat up peacefully demonstrating students? It is afraid that too many people will hear what they are For years AFN has been one of the best advertisements saying about the mess the government has made of Ber­ for the "American way of life" in Europe, and generally lin's economy. Berlin is headed for economic disaster praised for its accurate and complete coverage of news because more and more of the population is getting to be events, particularly.the war in Vietnam. Initially set over working age as younger people leave, and fewer and up to provide radio services for some 200,000 GIs and fewer industries are investing here because in spite of their dependents in Europe, AFN today is also heard by support by the federal government it doesn't pay to be roughly 30 million Europeans who value its excellent so isolated. Unemployment is beginning to be a problem news coverage and entertainment programs. and will get worse, and the government is afraid that AFB was formerly run by civilian broadcasters under the workers will hear the students saying whose fault it loose control of array officials. But lately the mili­ is. When workers and students get together, no amount tary has put the station under its direct control, which of deception will help the government. has resulted in a "deterioration" of news coverage in Since Berlin's speoial status doesn't allow any Bun­ recent months. deswehr troops here, its 20,000-man police force is AFN's present information officer, Captain Walter equipped to fight a civil war. But if the movement of Ellis, Public Affairs Chief of US European Command, has underpriveleged and underrepresented people gets so big made some revisions of this policy in the past months. A that the Berlin police can no longer carry out their or­ recent troop out in Germany, 35,000 men, was not to be ders to destroy it, they will call on American soldiers referred to as a "cut" or a "withdrawal", but as a "re- and their equipment for help. If that time comes, Ger­ man students h»pe soldiers will realize that their inte­ rests lie not on the side of a government of old Nazis SDS, BERLIN-WILMERSDORF, KURFtfRSTENDAMM 140 and Nazi methods, but on the Bide of the students, who FRAfi FULLER, 1 BERLIN 12, NIEBUHRSTH. 64 are the main sunoort of freedom anil democracy in Germon« Th* problem is that the public is not buying emough Bonds, which is why the Administration is putting out all this horseshit propaganda. unlike World War II, Lies all foe wax aro*^ when people backed the war by buying a fantastic number of Bonds, most civilians don't like this war and aren't Pete Martinson was one of the three Vietnam veterans who interested in sacrificing for it. You don't see johnson testified at the Copenhagen International War Crimes sinking his j<15 million fortune into Savings Bonds! Tribunal in order to "shook people into facing what kind But then there's one group of Americans who can always of war is really going on over there." be run through the wringer - servicemen. As LBJ put it ft. How do the VC get the peasants to help them? the other week while visiting Bergstrom AFB: "One of the A. Well, the NLF is Vietnamese and it really doesn't things I am proudest of is the men who do most of the have to secure most of the people, because most peo­ fighting do most of the financing, too." Every CO has ple hate the Saigon government and the NLF is against had his "quota" of uonds to sell, and in unit after unit the government. men have been pressured into signing up for the Payroll Q. What about the prisoners? How diet you get them to Savings Plan. Even guys with heavy allotments have been cooperate? pushed to take out an additional deduction for Bonds. In A. Force was used a lot. You could beat them with your some cases "non-conforming" GI's have been called before open hand and not leave a mark on them. Electrical their CO's. ... torture - it gives a really nasty shock - that was GI's are already giving their time, risking their pre ttjr moamon. asses, and putting up with military life besides) why ft. You must have worked with a lot of VC prisoners. What should they be harassed into using their small paychecks are your impressions of the enemy? to pay for the damn war as well? A. The VC don't look on their war as a communist war. It's a war of "national liberation" at the lower (From Vietnam GI, a newspaper written and published by levels. The person you're fighting against is a na­ Vietnam veterans now opposing the war) tionalist. He just wants to get the Americans out. /Savings Bonds are one of the worst ways to save. When He isn't a communist. a soldier buys a Bond, the government is able to recover ft. As a Vietnamese linguist, I imagine you talked to a a portion of the money paid to him and hold it until the lot of Vietnamese in general. Was this also their Bond is cashed. Inflation outs the buying power of the attitude toward the war? Bond more each month that it is held. In some units A. Anyone who speaks the language and'who walks around soldiers may oash Bonds only after an "interview" with just listening doesn't have to ask questions to see the commanding officer. -ed_j_/ that Americans aren't too well liked there. The Johnson Administration says we're wanted by the pea­ sants there, and that's not true. We're wanted by the Saigon government, but not by the people. Travel t£p$: France ft. Why do you think the AHVB doesn't fight? A. The only impression I can get is that the ARVN know they're backing the wrong force, and that they should For those of you who would rather not take a possible not be fighting their own people. one-way trip to Vietnam or simply can no longer stomach ft. You mentioned inaccuracies in the way the press — military life, France offers wonderful vacation oppor­ particularly Stars and Stripes - reports the war. Is tunities. The soldier planning such an extended sojourn this faulty intelligence or is the Government >just may find the following helpful. covering things up? The French government grants to all military men on A. I think it's both, really. We make a big thing of this special type of holiday what is known.as unofficial how the VC have to draft people, when if it weren't asylum. This includes work papers (carte de travail), for our draft in America most of the troops in Viet­ permission to stay (permis de séjour) and the right to nam wouldn't be there. Other contradictions - like travel in France. Although officially unapproved, the when we got hit by a VC-reinforoed battalion and took soldier can even participate quite safely in political 100$ casualties: 22 dead, 24 wounded, 2 tanks and 3 matters to supplement his other activities. APC's lost. On this same day I read how the Deputy Not even the French police have objections: soldiers Chief of Staff for Logistics said that the VC and arrested upon entering France are immediately released PAVB forces in South Vietnam weren't using anti-tank into the custody of sympathetic Frenchmen. Up until weapons. I wish they could have told that to the men this time no soldier has been declared undesirable and who died in those two burnt-out tanks. It's lies all asked to leave the country, nor does this seem at all the way around, censored news. likely in the future. However, if this were to occur, it would not mean expulsion to America or any other country that would automatically transfer to the USA. n The soldier could go to another country where he could bo os? Bail». safely continue his vacation. Once in France one should contact immediately those The TV soreen shows troops pouring out of their helioop- French groups willing to assist. However, one should ter, ready for an operation, as the unseen commentator always remember such a vacation may be permanent and intones: "Do you buy Savings Bonds where you work? They should be undertaken only after careful consideration. do." This spot commercial is shown constantly on every In France contact: J.J. de Felice, 17 Ave. de Messine, stateside TV network, it implies that if GI's can be Paris 8 (WAG 25-91) or Quaker Center, 114bis Rue de patriotic enough to buy Savings Bonds as well as fight Vaugirard, Paris 6 (222-35-30). in the war, then everybody else should be patriotic Next issue: SWEDEN enough to at least buy Bonds.

FEIFFER NO MATTÇR iW MW TROOPS m au NOT m im IM (ML AS OF THIS Vm OUR MARTS M? \i£?0X (kl "IHßR£j.M0 MATTEL bie IM W KARTS AM? MUPS OF HOW MW dûtes uz vaop- M SCHAH VI3THMBS5 Çm>L5. \

%Ç09 MIUPS CfôTROYcR POTS (W6R 0UR.COÔWI $IW£ we me$œm\m TO see ïïooo woowea DAUDARV OJÊA COMBINE? JOTAL OF imfKrm ew OF THE" ^,W HEARTS - s. TMJgL. v AfJP MIIJPS.

Bot. PiibIjAcn-Hall SjodloM r3s- 4_ (-• lis WHERE ITS AT E • X • T • R ' A * SECRET NATO PLANS EXPOSED!

Day in, day out we hear from Washing­ ton and from the Brass that Viet Nam| might have been a mistake or an acci­ dent , but now that we are there we I must win. An American Empire? Absurd,[ FRANCE E N MARK" NOW TRAPS thsy assure us. OK. If Viet Nam is a mistake, then I why is our government planning more According to reliable information , tie Viet Name in Europa under the guise of | situation in France and Denmark for NATO? NATO is supposed to be a defen­ American soldiers wishing to desert siv« allianoe to stop the spread of| has -taken a serious turn for the worse. Communism. It is supposed to keep Eu­ ION THE HOME FRONT Collaboration between Danish and rope free and demooratic. But Ihe ques­ French police on the one hand and A- tion should bs asked: whose freedom,I • • • • merican military police on the other |The Poor People's Campaign in Washington is holding a nonviolent,peaceful de­ whose democracy? The freedom of bigl seems to be the case with the unsus­ monstration against poor living and working conditions in the United States. business to exploit the people of Eu-I pecting GI being caught in the middle. Congress and the public ignore the efforts of these Americans as they have al­ rope like they do the poor people in I Up until the student-worker demon­ ways done. This is causing the Blacks, Mexican-Americans, Indians, Puerto Ri- Amerioa? The demooraoy of the Brass| strations in May, France was one of oans.and whitesto escalate their methodsof civil disobedience and resistance. as is so well known by the EM? Ihe safest places in Europe for Ameri­ Furthermore, people are beginning to discover the tragic relationship between What follows might possibly be \,»he I can deserters. But with the threat defense industries, war, and poverty. to his power becoming a reality, De Brass' plans for new "aooidental Viet I On June 27 there assembled about 500 freedom-seeking citizens to walk from Name." We oan only wonder what mightI Gaulle has been forced to accept mas­ Resurrection City to the Agriculture Department to demand better conditions. sive loans from the U.S. to bolster have happened if NATO had still been| While crossing 17th Street a dozen of them sat down and blocked traffic. They in Franoeduring last May's upheavals. the French franc. He has become more were harrassed by many drivers,and a conflict arose between demonstrators and dependent on official American govern­ oity and park police. The polioe hurled tear gas into the crowd of rook and ment support and may not be so ready (LNS:)-Below are extraots from Append­ bottle throwing Poor People's Campaigners, and 20 minutes later the Campaign ix 3 to Annex N Civil Affairs,of USIN in Ihe future to accept those soldiers marshalIs persuaded their group to return to Resurreotion City. who oppose American policy in Vietnam CEUROPLAN NR 100-1(U), emanating fro» Thi« incident is only one example of what the Establishment and its govern­ Headquarters United States European| and flee to France for asylum. It is ment In doing, and haa alwaya successfully done, to deal with the problems of reported that at this time French po­ Command. poverty in th« U.8. Thi« great oountry of wealth and opportunity is one of It is in effeot a draft treaty ofl lice and American military polioe may th« mo«t pov«rty-«triok«n nation« in the Western Industrialized world. The be oo-operating. oocupation,giving the U.S. foroes the!onus« « of th««« «vil« ar« not b«lng attaok«d, but th« involved oitizen« aret Very few deserters are presently right to put down oivil disturbances, | 'arm«r« in th« South, th« ml««rabl« Indian« and Mexican«, th« hungry and make arrests,and aot with total immu­ going to Franoe and several have Ijoblaa« In th« cities Instead of bet nity from the oivil law of the oountry| transferred to Sweden. These were Itering conditions, th« government is that signs it. probably soldiers who protested along Ispending vast sums of money on newas- A photostat of the document (marked) with students and workers against the Isault and defense weapons - helioop- SECRET) arrived in Peace News,London, repressive policies of De Gaulle and |ters,new rifles and machine guns, the this weekjaoûOiu^aiiied by en a«thenti- DR.YES are now persona non grata. Although jti- uJA, ?-nd obesiioal technioy»s, oation (marked TOP SECRET), signed byl The conviction of Dr. Benjamin Spock no deserter has as yet been kicked I to maintain what is called law and Major General B.E. Spivy,Director J—31 and } others on June ij Zui cur.spiring out, over 70 foreign rPsHe-t^ living lorder. We are getting used to these Division. This is dated October 1962. to thwart the draft (punishable with in France, including two Americans, [arguments, for where each new foreign Whether this means everything is out| up to 5yxs. in prison and 10,000 were recently shown the door by Le Iwar is fought, we ar« told it is don« f of datewe aren't In a position to say- fin«) is another example of the U.S. le Charles. lin th« nan« of Juotleeund p«ao«. In however the draft la markedto b e "Down| Government ««oalating th« war at horn« What thi« means is thut Franoe at the meantime,fighters for freedom ar« graded at 17 year Intervals,not auto­ ion with thut in Vietnam. prenant 1« a vary unsafe pluoe for | g a««a««lnat«din our own oountry. matically. ..." If Dr. Spook wa« found gftllty of con­ any Amerloan d«««rt«r to go. Th« bor­ Twelve American Unlv«r«ltl«a ar« spiracy, than lt look« Ilk« a lot of der« ar« being watohed olo««ly to pre­ Iworklng with th» Inatltut« for D«f«n«« other Amcrloana who hav« oom« to th« vent "radioals" from entering. And DRAFT 0? AK EMERCENCY STATUS OF F0RCES| I Analysis (IDA), a d«f«n««-ori«nt«d realisation that w« oannot fight a th« welcome already extended to 01b AGREEMENT ]"think-tank," to develop teohnlque« abroad and maintain demooraoy at in Franoe oould be revoked. The most It is assumed that suohan EmergencyI land weapons which are being used at horn« ar« "guilty" too. current advloe la to stay away from SOF Agreement will bs oonoluded in thelIhom e and abroad. IDA'S researoh on Sinoe October 16 about 2,500 draft- Franoe until at least the formation form of an Exchange of Notes betweenl Iriot control has led to a perfecting able men hav« turned in or burned of the new government and •v«n th«n the Foreign Ministry or other appro-l lof police weaponry. A Study of "Non- their draft oardsand faoe prosecution oaution is th« order of th« day. priate authority of (country) and thel JLethal Weapons for Domestic Law En­ or imminent induction for doing so. Unconfirmed reports from Denmark U.ER. Ambassador, or Commander of thel forcement Officers" has improved chem- On April 3 in Boston 12,000 persons have lt that the new Daniah govern­ U.S.Foroesin (country). (An "Exchangellica l warfare methods. These methods witnessed 200 men say no to the " Si­ ment policy of extending a hearty wel­ of Notes" means under the table.-ed.)f lare being used at home in the cities lent War" of exploitation by their come to deserters may not be all that •against the students,workers, and all government in Latin America, Africa, it seems. American GI's seeking asy­ Substantive Provisions [participantsin'the minority struggle. and other parts of Asia. In the Bay lum with government offioials have 2(b): The U.S.Foroes shall have thel lïouor your buddy who is lying next to Area 3,000 persons supported 154 men been sent to a central receiving oen- right to occupy any area or facility| lyou in that fox hole could stand be- who elected not to be channelled in ter while their papers "are being considered necessary for the accom­ Ihind one of these weapons one day: the "national interest" as defined by processed." This may take as long aB plishment of their missionor for their| Ibehind a weapon which could be aim^sT-d the military-industrial complex. In three weeks. During this period A- safety and continued security,AS "DE­ lat your own brother, parents, or a New York City 2,500 people cheered 80 merican "officials" are allowed to vi­ TERMINED BY U.S. MILITARY COMMANDERS I •friend. It's going to be your deci- young men in Sheep's Meadow who turned sit and talk with the soldiers there. (emphasis added) and to install such lsion, on which side you'll be fight in their draft cards,as did 39 others What this would amount to would be equipment therein as they shall deem| | ing. necessary for these purposes. in Los Angeles. persuasion for the soldier to return (d): In the event of internal dis-I A 1000-page report has now been re- As strange as it may seem to connect to his unit and veiled threats of what order which may materially affect the| Ileased by the National Advisory Com- all these and countless other Ameri­ would happen if he did not. Although missionor security of the U.S'.Forces, Imission on Civil Disorders,on the na> cans with the trial of Dr. Spock, the suoh as armed violence or WIDESPREAD Iture and cause of riots. This one Vietnam warhas put American democracy RIOTING (emphasis added), the Govern­ I month investigation said that urban in lopsided perspective. It is untenable ment of ( ) will endeavour to quell I riots arise from "the explosive mix­ in a democracy to use a device like MORE TRAPS PM suoh disorders with its own resources. ture" of discrimination, poverty, and Selective Service to force men to However, should these measures prove I Negro concentration in the ghettos. fight an unpopular, illegal war on ineffective, or should the U.S. Mill-| "White racism" and not Black Power, which they have never even had 1iie op­ tary Commander consider that the Gov­ Communist propaganda or aggression, portunity to vote. TELL ernment of ( ) does' not possess the I lis responsible for the conflicts, the The guys who,in the faoe of the Se­ THE capability of quelling suoh disorders I Commission said. "Discrimination and lective Service System and the war in effectively or in time,THE U.S'.FORCES | I segregation have long permeated much Vietnam, have movedto resistance are ARMY... MAY TAKE SUCH ACTION AS THE U.S.MILI­ [of American life. They now threaten behaving responsibly. By refusing to There are times in a man's life when TARY COMMANDER DEEMS NECESSARY,EITHER I I the future of every American." fight in Vietnam and facing up to 5 he faces decisions so special and so UNILATERALLY OR IN COOPERATION WITH| These circumstances have caused cer- years imprisonment, they are taking personal that no other person can THE GOVERNMENT 0F( ).(emphasis added) I tain factions of American society to America's burden upon themselves, and Iadopt more radical methods, and to they should be encouraged and support­ give useful advice. It is the ques­ (r): The Government of ( ) author-I tions that deal with life and death,a izes the U.S. Foroes to bring nuclear I act according to their own concept of ed in bearingit in every way possible. |law, freedom, and justice. This is By saying "no" the resisters are op­ man's lovefor his home and family and weapons into ( ); to station them at his responsibility to his sense of suoh locations as may be deemed neces-| "working democracy," of a sort exem­ posing a system of power politics that plified by Watts, Newark, Harlem, and sends thousands of young Americans to right and wrong. These decisions are sary. faced alone. (t): This agreement shall come into I (Washington D.C. People are looking die in a senseless war. In order to fight a war the United force immediately upon being signed by I for their rights and for all the pri Every American must realize that re­ States has placed thousands of young both parties and shall remain in force Ivileges of a free society. This Amer sistance and militant protest is going men before these vital decisions. The until ninety days after the departure I ica needs you. Notas a soldier fight to continue and grow as the war grows, voices of the System,from the recruit­ of the U.S.Forces from( ) unless pre-| ing in Saigon or Santo Domingo, but and will not cease so long as suoh ing sergeant to the President, try to viously terminated by mutual agree­ working in the ghettos and homes of wars are fought. The increased mili­ hide the vital nature of the decision ment. ... America, where the real war is to be tancy of the protesters at home does found. Soul brothers are getting to in fact represent a threat to the —try to give advice—try to tell the gether. What are you going to iovhen stability of society, but it is in­ recruit, "just two years, then you you get back home? deed small compared to the danger of 'the struggle is for real life' K0_ MORE YES PH MORE ARMY • P.H DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE FROM THE VIETNAM WAR ! MARTIN LUTHER KING On April 4, 19^8, Dr. Martin Luther King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennes­ see, ii&ny tears were shed over his passing, and those, like President Johnson who had opposed him while he lived, tried to incorporate him into their pan­ theon of heroes once he was dead. Below are selections of a speech Mart.'in Luther King delivered at Riverside Church in New York, April 4, 1967. It is ample evidence of his strong opposition to the American war in Vietnam and his insightful connection of that wax to poverty and racism in America. We will let his own words determine whether he belonged to Johnson, Humphrey and the liberal Establishment or "Whether he belonged to the people of Ameri o opposing the war in Vietnam and fighting for social and economic justice.

"I come to this magnificent house of oriented" society to a "person-orien t- worship because my conscience' leaves ed" society. When machines and com­ me no other choice. ..A time comes when puters, profit motives and property silence is betrayal. That time has come rights are considered more important for us in relation to Vietnam...We must than people, the giant triplets of speak with all the humility that is racism, materialism and militarism are appropriate to our limited vision, but incapable of being conquered." we must speak. And we must rejoice as "These are revolutionary times. All well, for surely this is the first over the globe men are revo 1 ting time in our nation's history that a against old systems of exploitation significent number of its religious and oppression, and out of the wombs leaders have chosen to move beyond the of afrail world, new systems of jus­ prophesying of smooth patriotism to tice and equality are being born. The the high grounds of a firm dissent shirtless and barefoot people of the based upon the mandates of conscience land are rising up as . never before. and the reading of, history.., " 'The people who sat in darkness have; "I am increasingly compelled to-see seen,a great, light, ' We in the West the war as an enemy of the poor and t<5 must support these revolutions." • . attack it as such. Perhaps the more tragic recognition of reality took place when it became clear to me that, the, war ws,». doing far more than devas­ tating the hopes of the poor at home. It was sending their sons and their ooooooo brothers to fight and die in extraor­ dinary high proportions. We were tak­ LETTERS ing the black young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them 8000 miles away to guarantee lib­ erties in Southeast Asia which they Dear Friends, I arrived from the states a few days had not found in Southwest Georgia and e^'*^?*'«i!«i;;i'",''*'""T»i,*i>«' East Harlem. So we have been repeat­ ago, and things are not pretty there, edly fseed with the cruel irony of not pretty at all. I bear witness to the fact that sol­ watching, Kegro .and white boys on TV 'What Worries Met Senator, h That They're Getting Into Step.' screens as they kill and die. together diers wearing the same uniform that for a.'.nation -that has been unable to you are wearing, are being used to seat them together at the same schools*.. shoot and kill fellow Americans in 1he '•'•'('fiat'of ay .experience, in the ghetto s streets of our cities. Of the north over the last three, years Many of you, just as I myself are especially, the last, three summers,, as from poor or working parents (the RFK DEATH - PARIS TALKS I: ha*e walked among the desperate,re­ rich guys always manage to stay out jected and angry young men I have told of the army). Now the rich and powerful WONT CHANGE them that Molotov cocktails and rifles people in America, the ones who control would jte* solve their problems,.... I government as well as industry, think know now that I can never again raise of us as cannon fodder and rabble so my voice .against the violence of the that when we make demands for a better WAR oppressed in the ghettos without hav­ standard of living, we are called • •• ing first spoken dearly to the great­ criminals — remember how they fought est purveyor of violence in the world (and still fight) the trade union move­ ment of our parents! Some of us said we didn't really be-||he normally does. The jeep-mounted today - my own government!.»".'. gun was covered with a canvas jacket Now, our parents and the smarte* of lieve that Bobby Kennedy was that in­ and pointed down. I don't know what our generation have found that ours, terested in ending the war in Vietnam. the orders were that day, but whoever the richest country in the world, is He talked, as do many Dovish candi­ covered the gun knew that America, on cheating us. Black people, poor whites, dates, about "Peace with honor" and "And as I ponder the madness of the day of the second Kennedy murder, students are beginning to see pastlfce said "it must not be a peace at any Vietnam..and watch as we poison their had better look into its own heart and propaganda and are beginning to unite price,'' But when he was killed, we water, as we kill a million acres of ask "Why"? And forget about the wall in, à common struggle, the struggle for found that despite his hedging and their crops... What do the peasants 1 and Bast Germans for once. true equality. "safe-type '- comments we had been be­ think as wé ally ourselves with the • Wé want to assume our true manhood'. lieving that he would be elected and Bobby is gone, and there is that landlords and we refuse to put any We want to control our own communities. would end the war. Hopes don't al­ much less pressure on thé Administra­ action into pur tnany words concerning We want a true participatory democracy. ways make sense and its been a long tion to get on with the peace talks. ; land reform? What do they think as we We are tired of being at the mercy of wax. When he died, one more Way out SO don't expect too much from Paris, test';.'Out our latest weapons . on than, backroom politics where the rioh and was closed. especially now that Humphrey practi­ '•iustas the' Germans tested out newmed- the agents of the rich battle it out It was the soldiers most of all who cally has the party machine in his ï i.e.in«; and ïiew tortures . in. the concen- over what our destinies will be. We held this kind of hope and who are pocket. You have to remember that, the ; tr.s.tiört. camps' of Europe? Where are the are. tired of being told that our coun­ bitterly disappointed. As the sol­ Vietnamese at the negotiations have : roots of. the independent Vietnam we try is broke while everyone in the dier-interviews from Vietnam were the right to ask that they remain pub­ claim to ,be- building? ,:,. What of the white house drives expensive cars and broadcast over AFN, each man told how lic. They have been tricked and roW National - Libération Front that lives high on the hog. We are tired of his faith in "The American Mission" bed of hard-won military positions by ' strangely anonymous group we call VC serving in their army cause no m a t- had been shaken by the assassinations estern powers in secret negotiations '' or' Communists?..,How do they judge us ter how many wars we fight for them of King and Kennedy. One asked, "What efore (Geneva Conference, 1954)? They when our officials know that their nothing ever improves for us. That is kind of country are we fighting for"? know well that they have the sympathy .membership is less than 25 percent why we say now, HELL NO, I WON'T GO Another said, "I thought we were fight of the vast majority of the world's Communist...? ... And they are surely and HELL NO, NOBODY GO! ing to prevent that kind of thing." population—we would not be surprised right to wonder what kind of new gov­ if they refuse 'to let Jo has on and The "riots" in our cities (as they Others shrugged and murmured, "M/16S ernment We plan to help, form without Harriiiian off the hook...» call them) are an uprising of the poor, here, pistols there, what's the dif them — the only party in real touch the cheated, the enlightened. In in­ ference"? Some couldn't say anything There are negotiations of various with the peasants. ....Is our nation ternational circles, it is known as at all..and others, like Bobby, could types, and the sort one ends up with planning to build on political myth revolution ! not be reached for comment, not even also show who is winning. We hear on again and then shore it up with • the Now, since the rich never fight, by AFN. AFN that the coffee breaks are getting power of new violence? they get other poor folk to man the The point is this, every s oldier longer and more interesting in Paris. .', • "At this point I should make it armies to kill us or be killed. They knows what it means to get a new CO. That is supposed to let us know that •clear that... I"am as deeply concern­ keep us devided this way and keep con­ It may not be better, but it will be the real talk is secret and goes on ed about our own troops there as any­ trolof. tjie wealth pf. America. different, and different is bett er. over coffee. And if we believe that thing else. « .for they- imust know' after So we hoped that Kennedy would be leak, then we are supposed to go on . a $hor.t 'period that none- of the things Once we ùndérst.aiid that, once we understand that we are doing their .t.rong enough to make the Generals pi* hoping that the Administration really :.we' claim 'to be fighting for are really up their new toys for a while, Humphrey will do something. invol/sd. 3efore long they must know dirty work by being in their army, and that finally we are betraying oilr does not have the stuff. Hubie is the What has it really done? It has that their government has sent them old. "Exec." He has blood on his hands asked Congress for ah extra 3-9 bil­ into a struggle among Vietnamese, and families and friends, we begin to un­ derstand what is coming off really and a :;take in the past — and moving him lion dollars for military operations the more sophisticated surely realize up to CO wont wash off the old bloody in South Vietnam and South Korea. 230 that we are On. the side of the wealthy its no time at all before, we begin to decisions. LBJ and HHH are like cattle million dollars for maintaining troops and the seoure while we create a hell tell them to go fuck themselves. rustlers riding downstream to throw in South Korea, 300 million for "Un- for the poor." Resist Brothers! Murray Levy, Pvt. U.S. Army BR1254293 the posse off their trail. They are forseeable emergencies" and 3 billion "Somehow this madness must cease. Retired getting us in deeper all the time co for the Vietnam War. That's extra. »..1 speak for those whose land is be­ cover up mistakes and they have the Does that sound like peace? And when ing subverted. I speak for the poor of nerve to say, "Don't change'horses in Cyrus Vance, deputy negot lator in America wfcç -- paying the double mid-stream." But it is us, the yo\mgj Paris, Says that the U.S. must expect price of am. -hed hopes at home and men of America who are the horse« the negotiations to go on for a long death and corruption in Vietnam.... being spurred bloody by Johnson^ sil time, does that sound like "home by Every man of humane convictions must WRITE ver rowel. We /ant to get out of theChristmas" ? After all, Vance »hould decide on the protest that best suits stream and onto dry land and to hell know how long it will takej h«'a re­ his convictions, but we all mu3t pro­ with running iron»that will make HHH porting home to LBJ every four day«. tests out of LBJ. We understand that the Vietnamese "I am convinced that if we are to get The day that Bobby died, the Ameri­ won the first round of disouasions by on the right side of the world revolu­ can jeep recon patrol that covers the having the pauses offioially oalled tion, we as a nation must undergo a west side of the Berlin wall made its "tea breaks." The Amerloan negotia­ " • : Lcol revolution of values. We must usual rounds. There was one differ­ tors may drink ooi'fee, but must drink in the shift from a "thing- Frai B tiller or Frank Domurad, 1 Berlin 12, Postfach 65 ence. The gunner wasn't standing be­ ,1t bl West Germany hind the gunsightn of his 50 Caliber Machine-gun traversing hio weapon a« MORE -RFK.. P3 NOTES FROM THE UNDERGROUND May 20, 1'itv The following is r, personal observation of occurences on the U.S. Army po ' in Heilbronn, Germany after the shooting of Martin Luther King jr. in the ... On Friday, April 5, 1968, ^resident Johnson asked all Americans to obscrvc- Sunday, April 7th as a national day of mourning for the slain martin Luther King Jr. On the day after the President's request, Saturday, April 6th, men of %i the 26th signal Battalion stationed at Heilbronn, Germany received notifica­ tion that, by an order of our yattalion Commander, all members of the unit -HINTS HOW would be on duty a full day Sunday, April 7th, the day asked by the President Getting up tight about being in ths to be observed as a day of mourning. The 26th Signal battalion regularly has Army? If you are, you should do On February 9, 1968, the San Fran­ most Sundays off as a day of rest. As a result of this order, and a further something about it as soon as pos­ ish by men of the 26th Signal Jattalion to express their feelings over King's sible, before they figure they have cisco Federal District Court issued a ruling preventing the U.S. Army from death, men of the unit decided to draw up a letter to the Battalion Commander. you more or less adapted to military The following is the letter that was drawn up, in a matter of a couple of hour life and what's planned for you. Ac­ shipping out soldiers who wish to ap­ ply for a Conscientious Objector Sta­ with signature endorsements of fifty-three men in the unit, for presentation cording to a Wall Street Journal art­ to the Battalion Commander*, ,„ , ,„,„ icle, the practice of using your wits tus within the Army. The decision was hailed s.s a. victory by the lawyer for April 6, 1968 to avoid oombut duty is widespread. Lt. Col. John S. Blair Work out your plan to get out as soon the defense, who predicted that hun­ dreds of AWOL soldiers would now file Commander, 26th Signal Battalion as possible and stick to it. Here APO new York, u.Y. 09176 are some ideas exerpted from a pamph­ the char.ge-in-sta.tus form, Form 1049. Dear Sir: let you can get from the Wisconsin The défendent, Steve Mason, volun­ We ask: Draft Resistance Union, 217 South Ha­ tarily broke off a "vacation without That the 26th Signal Battalion send a letter to the President of the milton St., Madison, Wise. 53703. permission" from the «rmy,to take his military superiors to court for order­ United States demanding that those responsible for the death of Dr. Here's what a soldier stationed martin Luther King be immediately apprehended and brought to justice. at Port Hood, Texas, says about how ing him to Vietnam without allowing to get out: "You use a little tact, him to file form 1049. This was the •ihat racism in the united States, and the injustices and inequalities and fit the way you want to get out first time that the Oakland Army Base that are the result of racism in the United States which Dr. Martin to the people you are with. I got has been ordered to restrain its or­ Luther King fought against, be ended Now. sick of the Army and told the oom ders îhile a soldier's personal-status And, as the President of the United States asked all Americans to mander that I wanted to see a psychl application is being processed. In observe tomorrow, Sunday, April 7, 1968 as a national day mourning atrist. I kept pretty nervous the fact, the Army has never previously for Br. Martin Luther King, that the 26th Signal Battalion follow the whole time to show them it wa« allowed itspersonnel to file 1049 in re request of the President. bothering me. Oakland, which is the jumping-off "There are plaoes you oan go nuoh point for men about to be shipped to Before the presentation of the letter to the battalion Commander, a 2nd Lt. as the Inspector General. Hut they Vietnam. promised that a group of three representatives would be able to see the C0i won't tell yoi about this, you have The importance of this ruling is and present the letter to him... The Battalion Commander refused to see us to find out about it youruelf. The quite obvious. A person filing form as a group and furthermore, attempted to create an atmosphere of illegality Judge Advocate too. (Most JAG oi 1049 and requesting conscientious ob­ and guilt on our part... cers are draftees, and don't like the jector status, can temporarily post­ As a result of our letter to the Battalion Commander, Sunday, April 7, 1968 Army, but since they are lawyer«, pone hi« orders for Vietnam and per­ was observed as a day of mourning in our unit because Lt. Col. Blair rescindée they accept the commission a« th« haps even obtain a discharge on the his work order. In the following days, many other attempts were made through least painful way for them.-Ed. not«) bani« of his objection. Department the appropriate channels on our part, to see the Battalion Commander as a You have to tell where you are going of Uofonne Directive 1300.6 provides group in regard to the "letter to the President" part or our request, but to to your first sergeant. But there i 'for to noncombatant sta­ no avail... no way they can stop you from going tus (i.e. Medical Corps) for some COs A number of officers in the Battalion, it waB noticed, took our efforts in to the Inspector General and hi« and honorable discharge from the a hostile way. Instead of welcoming what we in the ranks were doing as a pat­ whole staff, which is your best bet. Armed Servloes for other«. Any sol­ riotic and righteou« action, our deed was treated in a very inhospitable way. He can scare them. They fooled dier who, nft«r entering the Armed A number of attempt« were made by officers to stop us in our effort. around with my papers for a month. 1 Foroes, find« him««lf oonsoi«ntiou«ly In regard to the civil liberties of servioemen, I know a lot more men would told them I was going to the IG, and oppoa«d to " ny form" hn« th« be willing to exoeroise their rights if they knew just what they were. It is •foai they got my papers in order. They ' to have hi« «t common understanding among the men in the service that, because they are in th« knew they were wrong, but they tried a person in willing to parform non- service, they haven't any right«. Thi« ciroumstanoe is due directly to tha die- to prolongit as much as possible. Al­ combatant duties, he must be assigned -ial use of authority by many superior«, »specially officers. so a chaplain B a good person to work to these duties during the time in For my part in working in this effort to have a letter 3ent to the Preside with. Once they know you know the which his CO claims are being proces­ I wa3 notified on April 19th, by 26th Signal Battalion personnel, that I wa:. ti ropes, rather than try to punish you, sed. For those requesting non-com­ be reassigned to state-side duty. On the next day, April 20th, I was flown to they will leave you alone. At fir3t batant Statu« instead of a discharge, the states. Before I left Germany, there was a letter to the President, of the they tried to tell me there was nobody the eventualities of ending up in type outlined in the letter to the Battalion Commander, being circulated for I could see. I knew there was. They Vietnam are by no means lessened. And signature endorsements among members of the unit. To my knowledge it has been figured that because they were 'the the dangers of being there and not sent to the President. PFC Walter M. Kos, Fort Bragg, N.C. Army' they would make me accept it. carrying a gun are obvious. The ca­ (meanwhile, back in Heilbronn, more transfers! See "Letters" Overseas Wkly. 22 But if you don't accept it, you real­ sualty rate for medics is notoriously May) ed. . ly catch them off guard. high and there is no guaranty he "Other things: suicide attempts; won't be ordered to use a gun "for If, however, a CO is oo determined in quite easy for the military authori­ we had a fellow in basic training who self-defense." A transfer to non- his beliefs that he is willing to re­ ties to use their pei control­ just overthrew bunks. Whatever you oombatnnt servioe within the system fuse weapons training or similar or­ ling the physic Lrennent of • start with you have to stick with it. is without a doubt easier to obtain ders and accept the consequences, it person and thereby isolating him. Don't back down and show any fright. because a medic still remains a func­ is possible that he be given a dis­ Aooording to information from the Just 'hyper' all your emotions. If tional tool for the Army. honorable discharge, but purouur.t on­ Central Committee for Conscientious you feel a little bit against it, The more difficult CO status to re­ ly to an approved sentence of a gen­ Objectors, "over 100 servicemen per dramatize it. Try to think one step ceive while in the Army is that of eral courtmartial. A person disobey­ month apply for discharge Und« the ahead of them. If they say, 'wedischarge . While awaiting action on ing orders while his case is pending Co regulations." Of the men who hove are going to put you in the stockade,' his case, the soldier is still re­ is still subject to military disci­ contacted CCC0 for aid in their cases, a large percentage qualify for dis­ you oan say, 'no,you can't. I haven't quired to obey all orders and there pline and persecution. A person charge on the {^rounds of, a "parallel done anything.' You have to watch is no reprieve from weapons training. should have exhausted his administra­ belief." Parallel belief means-tint what you say. It wouldn't be wise to Although an individual should be re­ tive channels before refusing to obey a person who does not hold a tradi­ say: 'I would give up my Americanci- tained at his company and employed in orders, so that the reasons for his tional belief in God but has bel'ioi's tizenship to get out.'" non-combatant duties this is seldom actions are perfectly clear. which would hold the same place as.' a' Here are some ploys that some the case. The normal procedure after Being a CO in the Army is by no traditional belief are considered to draftees have used to skip Vietnam requesting a discharge is to have means an easy bag,, and this is one of qualify for CO status. If someone is duty. One Pfc. outfoxed the Army by one's file forwarded to the Director the reasons that the desertion rate opposed to war in any form of the having his spleen removed by a sur­ of Selective Service. An affirmative Is rising. The Brass can afford only Vietnam war in particular, he should geon who was against the war. Since decision here is seldom challenged. so much dissent and when a CO becomes get in contact with CCC.0, 20Ù6 W;.lnut the spleen is a generally useless or­ Ordinarily the CO will be granted an vocal and tries to set a trend he is gan, he didn't miss it; but it would administrative discharge for the con­ often persecuted and harassed. It is replace red blood cells if he ever venience of the government: in most MORE - HOW .RH cases this is an honorable discharge. MORE HINTS --P. q RFK .. In talks like these, to be All this does not sound like an end in a hurry is a sign of weakness at to the war in Vietnam. It sounds like the present r^te there is plenty of the Generals want to open a néV front, time for each GI to do time-and-a-half on a more conventional type battle-; in Vietr »am. Teing stationed anywhere field where they oan actually win once, else today is no guarantee that you in a while and get back some glory. won't be under Vietcong rocket fire Back when LBJ suggested that ihei in Tan Son Nhut next week. The Active "Peace" negotiations be held ,ron a Duty Goldier will be used (used up ) neutral ship, on a neutral sea" one before Reservists will be touched in of his advisers couldn't resist sug­ an election year. After all, Reser­ gesting the "Fueblo." LBJ fired the vists are solid citizens with real man instantly, while the adviser went Civilian jobs and connections, and laughing since he had been trying to they would like the Humphrey-Johnson resign from the staff for the previous war even less if they had to go. 18 months. The "Army Times" of 22 May quoted No matter how long the negotiations Army Chief of Staff Gen. Harold K. go on, they mean only this for the GI Johnson on Manpower nlanning. The and for sure: More'pressure from :he General admitted that the Army would Brass. As Newsweek magazine reportse.e ' J be able to give even fewer men a two- in the June 3 issue:- "For the tyo year break between Vietnam tours. He weeks that ended May 18, the II. :,. and Army Secretary Stanley Resor also death toll reached higher than in an;, told the Senate Appropriations commit­ other two week period of the 7 iota: , tee that: 1. The manpower priority war: 1,111. And given the enta,, for Korea has been increased, 2. the build-up, it seemed clear that there 2nd Inf. and the 7th Cav. Divisions in was worse to come. Increasingly, tho Korea have been issued new FM Tactical struggle in Vietnam showed signs oi AaAios; new AM radios have been issued falling into the pattern set during to Eight Army, 3. 24 of the Army's 27 the Korean War Where the bitteres'it ammo plants are in production, 4. tne fighting — and the highest casualty U.S. and Germany are working on a mul­ rates—occurred after representatives a 'Soldier, whal's this I hear about your tiple rail rocket launcher, and 5- from both sides sat down a n d begr. v having ideas of your own?" new light anti-tank weapon is on the talking peace." way. ( It is interesting that Chief of Staff Johnson did not ask the ien- -te Appropriations Comnittee, he told them.) ARMY... HlflTS... HOW... Dfc.YfcS... got malaria,so Army medics assure him can go home, study, see your girl, St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103 or any the crime of silence which includes its removal means he will never go to Live it up,"but that's not the way it one of the draft counseling services mumbling on the sidelines while the Vietnam. The doctor even sent the is. What they are saying to themselves which are operating in Europe (Stop war machine moves on its way, while bill for "emergency surgery" to the goes more like this: "If we can get It Committee, London E.C. 4, England, American soldiers are forced to com­ Army. this guy to knuckle under at boot camp, phone FLE-5735 and the U.S. Campaign Another ploy is to find an orphan if we oan get him so pissed ofif that mit crimes against themselves and the Against the American War in Vietnam, people of Vietnam. in the Army who wants to go to Viet­ he'll run a bayonet through anything Berlin 12, Niehbuhrstr. 64, phone 31-' nam and have your parents adopt him. The Nuremberg trials and the prose­ we point him at, if we can get him to 88-34) to determine if his objections Army regulations say only one member cution of Japanese war criminals were do one dirty thing for us, then he's and beliefs meet the requirements for of a family can be in Vietnam at a basedon the assumption that a man has gonna be gooked,and he'll be ours for discharge. The appropriate regula­ time, so the natural son wouldn't a right and an obligation to disobey life. We'll make a policeman of him tion for requesting discharge in the have to go. No one's tried that yet, orders to commit war crimes. In Viet­ when he gets tired of soldiering— Army is AR 635-20 which should be ad­ but here are some that others have nam we see actions certainly eohdemn- when he comes home, things won't be dressed to the Adjutant General, Dept. tried: able as crimes against humanity: the same, and he'll look for a job of the Army, Washington 25, D.C. and wholesale destruction of crops, live­ —A Virginian who got his Viet­ and there will be the National Guard forwarded with attachments through stock and villages;deliberate bombing nam orders announced he had been con­ and the city polioe and the Reserve the commanding officer. (AFR 35-24, of civilian areas with napalm and verted to Christian Soienoe and re­ and we're gonna be needing them this Director of Military Personnel, Hdqs. "cluster bomb units"; declaring free- fused to take either shots or pills summer, and next summer." US-AF, Washington 25, D.C.) fire zones in which anything moving is when he reported for pre-shipement The decision to be a soldier and the Everything said up to this point, destroyed;blind bombing by B-52's and innooulations. Frustrated doctors decision to keep on being one involve is based on facts and laws, methods fighters returning to base; repeated waved him sway. at least two basio probabilities. Kil­ of using the military against itself. violations of cease-fires by U.S. —A corporal wrote letters to Sen­ ling and being killed. Of course you In reality, however, the military has troops; torture of prisoners; forced ators Kennedy and Javits, Gov. Rocke­ could make it. Calculated risk. But categorically ignored the requests relocation of helpless villagers; use feller, his Congressman and other of­ what areihe chances that you can make for change in status. They have and of nausea gas on old women and child­ ficials, claiming he preferred suicide it through two years without having are attempting to deny what few rights ren— all these tactics are admitted, to Vietnam and pointing out the effects your mind messed up? Damn small. Peo­ and freedoms the soldier has left un­ even praised, by our military and ci­ the death would have on his mother. ple just don't go through basic or OCS der the law. He is denied, persecuted vilian propagandists. It is a calcu­ Two weeks later a Senatorial aide no­ untouched. Basicis first and foremost and harrassed for trying to exercise lated military campaign that engulfs tified him his Vietnam orders had been a brainwashing exercise. The inten­ his guarantied rights to the point an entire nation in wholesale destruc­ cancelled. tion ir to change you, not for two where he may be forced to disobey a tion for highly questionable ends. In —A basio trainee faked a piotur e years, but forever into an obedient direct command in order to follow his •»iewof the illegality and criminality of himself burning a draft card at puppet, a cog for the whole society. own conscience. The percentage of ap­ of this war in Vietnam, one automatic­ Berkeley and sent it to his CO with an Look at it this way. If they can make plicants who have received CO status ally asks himself what Dr. Spock was anonymous note. A security oheok was you put your young life on the line sincethe beginning of the Vietnam war convicted for and who should really ordered, and the soldier's two years for their "thing" (War and conquest is. more than disoouraging. But this be found guilty in his place. were drawing peacefully to a close by of markets) and make you buy a War does not rule out the possibility of the time the dust had settled. Bondat the same time,then there real­ a discharge given toe proper legal ad­ Of all the opponents of the war,the —A Cleavlander who was particu­ ly isn't much you won't do, is there? vice. Exhausting what administrative most desperate are the young men who larly glib strolled into his post means are available could mean avoid­ oppose it and who are being drafted psychiatrist's office, claiming num­ So the decision i& vital, and you ing a tour of duty in Vietnam. to, fight it. Even those who are not are making it every time you shave. inducted are feeling the crunch of the erous LS D experiences had unbalanced When a man or a oountry asks you to A politically aware soldier has sev­ system; they know that it is only his mind. Regular visits thereafter risk your life or to kill other hu­ eral possibilities when he considers their privileged deferment toat allows assured his stay at a Midwestern post. man beings, it's your right and duty applying for CO status. Because the them to avoid dying in Vietnam or go­ —A Fort Dix soldier applied sim­ military refuses to take seriously toe to ask why. And if the answer isn't ing to jail. They cannot glory in ultaneously for a commission and a UCMJ when dealing with CO's, the sol­ good enough, to say No. No, I would their good fortune. Moreover,they are hardship dischargd. It so confused I would rather live at dier mould emphasizehls political ob- conscious of being worked on by a Se­ things that he was kept right at Dix- rather not. jectionsto fighting in Vietnam as well peace with my conscience—in a foreign lective Service System that is de­ where he wanted to be. land if need be, than to kill another as or in conjunction with his religious signed to coerce them into a particu­ Confusion is the key to nearly ev­ man. I would rather not serve death, opposition to all wars(as demanded by lar kind of death. All of these Amer­ ery ploy. Army regulations are volum­ I would like to live, and live clean, the CO law). Expressing one's politi­ icans are just as "guilty" as Dr.Sîpock inous, and if your records get fouled without the blood of innocent people cal objections on the CO form is a for opposing the war. A former uni­ up, you're in the clear. on my boots. perfectly legal means for a soldier versity student body president sum­ Company clerks at Fort Benning, Ga. No one in the peaoe movement is ad­ to express his concern,diäatisfaction, marized the great tensions as brought estimate that a sixth of the college vising any soldier to desert. People or disgust with the war. If a large about by the war: "If this country is grads in the companies wriggle out of wh«), ass civilians:, protest against an number of soldiers in a particular going to police the world, it will the Vietnam orders. (If you've got a unjust war are sticking their necks unit were t o submit CO fbrms simultan­ have to imprison its youth." fast tongue and a poker face to boot, out. They run a risk, but they know eously, this would be an effective it's better than fifty-fifty.) These that the deserting soldier runs way of blocking the Army,establishing are the soldiers most likely to hold a greater risk. The soldier's risk is solidarity,and perhaps even effecting an administrative job, which is the greater for the simple reason that he the beginnings of political organiza­ best place to throw a monkey wrench could be tried in a military oourt. tions for other goals as well. into the works. Almost every successful ploy is Civilian courts have some independence Soldiers should erganize and avail from politioal pressures—the judges based on paperwork. Ponderous Army themselves of toe limited means of op­ bureaucracy is easy to outfox. Nota­ keep their jobs no matter what. Mi­ position and resistance at their dis­ litary courts however are an integral tions typed on a morning report by a v posal. And who knows, you might be clerk oan grant overseas immunity: part of the «rmy and the soldier who one of the lucky few who can live ac­ rejects the army can expect no justice the code "7-2", for instance, means cording to his conscience outside of a soldier is inelegible for overseas andno mercy from suoh "oourtsmartial" Army green or Air Force blue. proceedings. duty for various reasons. Not even A good example of how unequal oppor­ a conscientious scrutiny oould eas­ tunity is carried over from American ily track down such fiddling with society into army regulations is the records. fact that officers can leave the army Here are a couple of things to legally if they don't like the war, bear in mind while carrying out your whereas soldiers oannot. I got out on ploy. If you are harrassed you should Section III of AR 635.120,an "Unqual­ teep in mind that, despite -threats, no ified Resignation." I stated clearly physical abuse will occur. No soldier that I didn't like Johnson's Southeast EDITORIAL. SHEAF? may be struck, pushed, or even touched Asian Policy and -that I wouldn't serve David Bathxlck, Illinois; Fred Benoh, by a superior, although legal action at any duty after the effective date Ohio; Kam CStavers, Ohio; Frank Domurad against abuse is sometimes diffioult. ofthe resignation. I was able to get California; Carol Biler, Indiana; Stan In dealing with personal harrassment, an honorable discharge and so kept my Bllaar, Indiana; Fran Fuller, Maine; one need only do enough to comply with Veteran's benefits That's what offi- (hurray Levy, Louisiana; Louise McAllen the order and no more. A lawful or­ der must always be prefaced with the oers oan do and we all know where the Ohio; Bangs, Vileisis, Delaware. From UP: As of Monday, June 24, the phrase« "Private Blank, I am giving ROT Cee louies get their barsr-In the Responsible? for the content: F.H.Fülle Vietnam war became the longest in A your a lawful (or direct) order to Universities where only toe peoplewith Berlin 44. nerioan history. Over seven years. ." If you comply eith the enough money get in. Of course when an Officer gets out he's expected to order as fax as you are physically able, be "loyal" to his society and keep his you cannot be prosecuted. If told to mouth shut, but there were at least do push-ups, for example, one push-up one thousand who had tried to termi­ will fulfill the requirement. nate Active dutyor Resign by December Good luck! of '66 in spite of toe army's policy of matter how helpful Swedish involuntary extension. They got out TRAPS... officials might be, it is always bet­ too, six months later, (those still ter to have the backing of Swedish this does not necessarily eliminate friends. Contact: American Deserters alive) when DOD lawyers admitted that Denmark as a place of possible refuge, involuntary extension wasnot justified Committee, Unga Philosophers, Drotaing- the unsuspecting GI should be aware gatih 13, Stockholm C (tel.: 11-47-67) in "limited war." But the young of­ of what he might possibly be subject­ ficers didn't help change the situa­ or Advocat Hans Goran Franck, Kungs- ed to. •' gatan 24, Stockholm C (tel.: 20-05-50 "We have invited our tion—in most oases they just want A^. present the best of all plaoes back to college. or 20-06-00). remains Sweden. Practically all de­ Other addresses offering information The question, "Desert or Resist from serters who have asked for asylum have clean young men to within"? is a fake question. It is been granted it on humanitarian and assistance« built on the assumption that there is grounds. They are given work and re­ West Berlin: Fran Fuller or Frank Dom­ shoulder a discredited still time to be political, to spread sidence permits and granted all the urad, 1 Berlin 12, Postfach 65 (mail the word;some GI's have time and some rights of Swedish citizens lnoluding only) or SDS, 1 Berlin 31, Kurfürsten­ musket and do bandits' have none. It's one of those vital de­ the right to engage in politioal ac­ damm 140 (tel.: 8-86-14-49) cisions you make for yourself. It is tivities. The Swedish government of­ work under a flag which up to you. ficially and publioly informed the A-. West Germany: SDS, Frankfurt/Main, Wilhelm-Hauff-Str. 5i War Resisters M'JflaVMaM«flM«SBV«VBBVH«BVM«S«Vn merican Embassy in Stookholm of this bandits have been decision at the beginning of the year. International, Munich, Martin-Greif- Ideally, a soldier should have an Str. 3 (tel.: 53-72-6o); Campaign for American passport when entering Swe­ Democracy and Disarmament, Munich, accustomed to fear, den. He can then enter as a tourist Elvirasstr. 18 SWEDISH and contact sympathetic groups before not to follow; we have asking for official permission to re­ Denmark: Committee for Helping Ameri­ main in Sweden as a deserter. But no can Deserters, Milosvej 14, 2300 S debauched America's GIRLS American soldier has been refused ad­ Copenhagen (tel.: 55-54-73) mittance due to a lack of a passport. honor and blackened her What is important for the Swedish gov­ (We have just received word that Nor­ ARE ernment is .^dentlflontion. The deser­ way should be avoided. Government of­ face before the world." ter must Vu able to prove that he is ficials may extradite. One case con­ who he cl HIS to be and that he is a firmed. —ed.) —Samuel Cli turns FUN! member of the Amerloan Armed Foroes. Inside Sweden the following people should be contacted immediately. No WHERE IT3 AT * E • X • T • RA* SECRET NATO PLANS EXPOSED!

Day in, day out we hear from Washing­ ton and from the Brass that Viet Nam I might have been a mistake or an acci-l dent, but now that we are there we must win. An American Empire? Absurd,| FRANCE - DEN MARK-- NOW TRAPS they assure us. OK. If Viet Nam is a mistake, then I why is our government planning more I According to reliable information , toe Viet Nams in Europe under the guise of | situation in France and Denmark for NATO? NATO is supposed to be a defen­ American soldiers wishing to desert sive alliance to stop the spread of| has token a serious turn for the worse. Communism. It is supposed to keep Eu­ ION THE HOME FRONT Collaboration between Danish and rope free and democratic. Buttoe ques­ • • • • French police on the one hand and A- tion should be asked: whose freedom,! m a merican military police on the other The Poor People's C* P lgn in Washington is holding a nonviolent,peaceful de­ seems to be the case with the unsus­ whose democracy? The freedom of big|monstratio n against poor living and working conditions in the United States. business to exploit the people of Eu­ pecting GI being caught in the middle. Congress and the public ignore the efforts of these Americans as they have al­ Up until the student-worker demon­ rope like they do the poor people in| ways done. This is causing the Blacks, Mexican-Americans, Indians, Puerto Ri- America? The democracy of the Brass strations in May, France was one of cans,and whites to escalate their methods of civil disobedience and resistance. toe safest places in Europe for Ameri­ as is so well known by the EM? Furthermore, people are beginning to discover the tragic relationship between What follows might possibly be \,fche I can deserters. But with the threat defense industries, war, and poverty. to his power becoming a reality, De Brass' plans for new "accidental Vietl On June 27 there assembled about 500 freedom-seeking citizens to walk from Nams." We can only wonder what mightI Gaulle has been forced to accept mas­ Resurrection City to the Agriculture Department to demand better conditions. sive loans from the U.S. to bolster have happened if NATO had still beenl While crossing 17th Street a dozen of them sat down and blocked traffic. They in France during last May's upheavals.f the French franc. He has become more were harrsjSfled by many drivers,and a conflict arose between demonstrators and dependent on official American govern­ city and 'park police. The police hurled tear gas into the crowd of rock and ment support and may not be so ready (LNS)-Below are extracts from Append­ bottle throwing Poor People's Campaigners, and 20 minutes later the Campaign ix 3 to Annex N Civil Affairs,of US1N in 1he future to accept those soldiers marshalls persuaded their group to return to Resurrection City. who oppose Ameriea.n policy in Vietnam CEUROPLAN NR 100-1(U), emanating from This incident is only one example of what the Establishment and its govern­ Headquarters United States European| and flee to France for asylum. It is ment is dtfing, and has always successfully done, to deal with the problems of reported that at this time French po­ Command. poverty in the U.S. This great country of wealth and opportunity is one of It is in effect a draft treaty of I lice and American military police may the most poverty-stricken nations in the Western Industrialized world. The be co-operating. occupation,giving the U.S. forces the| causes of these evils are not being attacked, but the involved citizens are: right to put down oivil disturbances, Very few deserters are presently |poor farmers in the South, the miserable Indians and Mexicans, the hungry and going to France and several have make arrests,and act with total immu­ Instead of bet nity from the civil law of the country| Ijobless in the cities transferred to Sweden. These were that signs it. Itering conditions, the government is probably soldiers who protested along (spending vast sums of money on newas- A photostat of the document with students and workers against the • nd defense weapons - helicop- 3ECRET) a I repressive policies of De Gaulle and ' the this week.acco.' DR. YES aush I 'A, and cher hniqùes, cation (marked TO I The cinvictio! as yet been kicked maintain what is called law and Major General B.E. Spivy.Director J-31 and 3 others on June 15 for conspiring out, over 70 foreign residents living order. We are getting used to these Division. This is dated October 1962.1 to thwart the draft (punishable with in France, including two Americans, Iarguments, for where each new foreign whether this means everything is out) up to 5yrs. in prison and $ 10,000 were recently shown the door by Le war is fought, we are told it is done of date we aren't in a position to say- fine) is another example of the U.S. Grande Charles. lin the name of justice and peace. In however the draft is markedto be "Down| Government escalating the war at home What this means is that France at the meantime,fighters for freedom are graded at 17 year intervals,not auto­ in coordination with that in Vietnam. present is a very unsafe place for |being assassinated in our own country. matically.. .." If Dr. Spock was found guilty of con­ any American deserter to go. The bor­ Twelve American Universities are spiracy, then it looks like a lot of ders are being watched closely to pre­ I working with ths Institute for Defense other Americans who have come to the vent "radicals" from entering. And DRAFT CF AN EMERGENCY STATUS OF F0RCES| Analysis (IDA), a defense-oriented AGREEMENT realization that we cannot fight a the welcome already extended to GIs "think-tank," to develop techniques war abroad and maintain democracy at in France could be revoked. The most It is assumed that such an Emergencyl land weapons which are being used at SOF Agreement willto concluded in thel home are "guilty" too. current advice is to stay away from home and abroad. IDA'S research on Since October 16 about 2,500 draft- France until at least the formation form of an Exchange of Notes between! [riot control has led to a perfecting the Foreign Ministry or other appro-l able men have turned in or burned of the new government and even then lof police weaponry. A Study of "Non- their draft cards and face prosecution caution is the order of the day. priate authority of (country) and thel iLethal Weapons for Domestic Law En­ U.S^. Ambassador, or Commander of thel or imminent induction for doing so. Unconfirmed reports from Denmark forcement Offioers" has improved chem- On April 3 in Boston 12,000 persons have it that the new Danish govern­ U.S.Forces in (country). (An "Exchange! lical warfare methods. These methods of Notes" means under the table.-ed.)| witnessed 200 men say no to the " Si­ ment policy of extending a hearty wel­ lare being used at home in the cities lent War" of exploitation by their come to deserters may not be all that lagainst the students.workers, and all Substantive Provisions government in Latin America, Africa, it seems. American GI's seeking asy­ [participants in the minority struggle. and other parts of Asia. In the Bay lum with government officials have 2(b): The U.S.Forces shall have the] lYouor your buddy who is lying next to right to occupy any area or facility| Area 3,000 persons supported 154 men been sent to a central receiving cen­ lyou in that fox hole could stand be- who elected not to be channelled in ter while their papers "are being considered necessary for the accom­ Ihind one of these weapons one day: plishment of their missionor for their| the "national interest" as defined by processed." This may take as long as Ibehind a weapon which could be aimjeld the military-industrial complex. In three weeks. During this period A- safety and continued security,AS "DE­ lat your own brother, parents, or a TERMINED BY U.S. MILITARY COMMANDERS I New York City 2,500 people cheered 80 merican "officials" are allowed to vi­ Ifriend. It's going to be your deci- young men in Sheep's Meadow who turned sit and talk with the soldiers there. (emphasis added) and to install such Ision, on which side you'll be fight- equipment therein as they shall deem ling. in their draft cards,as did 39 others What this would amount to would be necessary for these purposes. in Los Angeles. persuasion for the soldier to return (d): In the event of internal dis-l A 1000-page report has now been re- As strange as it may seem to connect to his unit and veiled threats of what order which may materially affect the| Ileased by the National Advisory Com­ all these and countless other Ameri­ would happen if he did not. Although missionor security of the U.S'.Forces mission on Civil Disorders,on the na­cans with the trial of Dr. Spock, the such as armed violence or WIDESPREAD| ture and cause of riots. This one Vietnam warhas put. American democracy RIOTING (emphasis added), the Govern­ month investigation said that urban in lopsided perspective. It isuntenable ment of ( ) will endeavour to quell riots arise from "the explosive mix­ in a democracy to use a device like MORE TRAPS P4 such disorders with its own resources. ture" of discrimination, poverty, and Selective Service to force men to However, should these measures prove Negro concentration in the ghettos. fight an unpopular, illegal war on ineffective, or should the U.S. Mili­ "White racism" and not Black Power, which they have never even had "the op­ tary Commander consider that the Gov­ Communist propaganda or aggression, portunity to vote. TELL ernment of ( ) does not possess the is responsible"for the conflicts, the The guys who,in the face of the Se­ THE capability of quelling such disorders Commission said. "Discrimination and lective Service System and the war in effectively or in time,THE U.S.FORCES segregation have long permeated much Vietnam, have movedto resistance are ARMY... of American life. They now threaten behaving responsibly. By refusing to MAY TAKE SUCH ACTION AS THE U.S.MILI­ There are times in a man's life when TARY COMMANDER DEEMS NECESSARY,EITHER |the future of 'every American." fight in Vietnam and facing up to 5 These circumstances have caused cer- years imprisonment, they are taking he faces decisions so special and so UNILATERALLY OR IN COOPERATION WITH| personal that no other person can THE GOVERNMENT 0F( ).(emphasis added) I tain factions of American society to America's burden upon themselves, and they should be encouraged and support­ give useful advice. It is the ques­ (r): The Government of ( ) author-I adopt more radical methods, and to ed in bearing it in every way possible. tions that deal with life and death,a izes the U.S. Forces to bring nuclear act according to their own concept of By saying "no" the resisters are op­ nan's lovefor his home and family and weapons into ( ); to station them at| law, freedom, and justice. This is posing a system of power politics that his responsibility to his sense of such locations as may be deemed neces­ "working democracy," of a sort exem­ sends thousands of young Americans to right and wrong. These decisions are sary. plified by Watts, Newark, Harlem, and die in a senseless war. fa.ced alone. (t): This agreement shall oome into I [Washington D.C. People are looking Every American must realize that re­ In order to fight a war the United force immediately upon ]for their rights and for all the pri­ sistance and militant protest is going States has placed thousands of young both parties and shall remain in force vileges of a free society. This Amer- to continue and grow as the war grows, men before these vital decisions. The until ninety days after the departure | ica needs you. Notas a soldier fight­ and will not cease so long as such voices of the System,from the recruit­ of the U.S.Forces from( ) unless pre-| ing in Saigon or Santo Domingo, but wars are fought. The increased mili­ ing sergeant to the President, try to viously terminated by mi. working in the ghettos and homes of tancy of the protesters at home does hide the vital nature of the decision ment.... America, where the real war is to be found. Soul brothers are getting to- in fact represent a threat to the —try to give advice—try to tell the ;er. What are you going to do when stability of society, but it is in­ recruit, "just two years, then you lyou get back home? deed small compared to the danger of 'the struggle is for real life' MORE YES PH MORE ARMY • 9M fe|j;..i-, a ...... DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE FROM THE VIETNAM WAR ! MARTIN LUTHER KIN« On April 4, 196a, Jr aartin Luther hing was assassinated in Lemphis, Tennes see. i-iany tet rs were Had over his passing, and those, like President Johnson who had opposed him while he lived, tried to incorporate him into their pan­ theon of heroes once he was dead. Below are selections of a speech Martin rr Luther King delivered at Riverside Church,in New York, April 4, 1967. It is _j^ V impie evidence of his strong opposition to the American war in Vietnam and his insightful connection of that war to poverty and racism in America. We will let his own words determine whether he belonged to Johnson, Humphrey and the liberal Establishment or whether he belonged to the people of America opposing the war in Vietnam and fighting for social and economic justice

"I come to this magnificent house of oriented" society to a "person-orient­ worship because my conscience leaves ed" society. When machines and com­ me no other choice. ..A time comes when puters, profit motives and property silence is betrayal. That time has come rights are considered more important for us in relation to Vietnam...We must than people, the giant triplets of speak with all the humility that is racism, materialism and militarism are appropriate to our limited vision, but incapable of being conquered." we mui.t speak. And we must rejoice as "These are revolutionary times. All well, for surely this is the first over the globe men are revo lting time in our nation's history that a against old systems of exploitation significent number of its religious and oppression, and out of the wombs leaders have chosen to move beyond the oi' afrail world, new systems of jus­ prophesying of smooth patriotism to tice and equality are being born. The the nigh grounds of a firm dissent shirtless and barefoot people of the based upon the mandates of conscience land are rising up as never before. and the reading of history..." 'The people who sat in darkness have "I am increasingly compelled to see seen a great light. ' V.'e in the West the war as an enemy of the poor and to must support these revolutions." •jtt• ck it as such. 1erhaps the more tra, ic recognition of reality took place when it became clear to me that the war was doing far more than devas­ tating the hopes of the poor at home. It was sending their sons and their ooooooo brothers to fight and die in extraor­ dinary high proportions, ue were tak­ LETTERS ing the black young aen who had bean crippled by our society and sending them tiOOO miles away to guarantee lib­ erties in Southeast Asia which they Dear Friends, had not found in outhwest Georgia and I arrived fror the state; a few days iift-it Harlem. So we have been repeat­ not pretty there, edly •.'• eel witii the cruel irony of not pretty I bear witnens to thp it sol*, watching Megro and white boys on TV 'What Worrie» Mr, Senator, /.» That They're Getting Into Step.' screens as they kill -nd die together diers we ring the oame uniform thnt for a nation taut has been unable to you are - ar« being used to C- seat tiem together ,. t the s.me schools... shoot 'How American» In tho streets of our cities. "Out of my experience in the ghetto s Many of you, Junt as I mynelf are oJ trie north over the last three jear« from poor or working parents (the RFK DEATH - PARIS TALKS • ••• ••.:. the last three summum, as rich gu.v out I hav« walked among the desperate, re­ of the armyX Now the rich and powerful WONT CHANGE jectee and angry young men I have told people in America, the ones who control them that Koiotov cocktails and rifles government as well as industry, think Ld not solve their problems I of us as cannon fodder and rabble so know now that I'can never again raise WAR that when we moke demands for a better my voice against the violence of the standard of living, we are eal led oppressed in the ghettos without hav­ criminals — remember how they fought ing first spoken clearly to the great­ (and still fight) the trade union move­ est purveyor of violence in the world Some of us said we didn't really be- he normally does. The jeep-mounted ment of our parents ! gun was covered with a canvas jacket today - my own government!.." Mow, our parents and the smarter of •e t..at Bobby Kennedy wan that in- in end ii /ietnnm. pointed down. I don't know what our generation hnve found that ours, orders were that day, but whoever the richest country in the world, is oovered the gun knew that America, on cheating us. Blnok people, poor whites, "A.r.d as I ponder the madia ae Beoond Kennedy murder, stud. o see par.t the ,"i tn-m...and watch .s we poison their bar look into its own heart and prop prioe." we water, as we kill a million acres of nd forget about the wall euggle far etiplte his tneir crops... ..'hat do the pe and Bast Germans for once. true equal "-type" oommento we had been be- think as we ally ourselves with the Bobby is gone, and there is that to assume our true manhood, liev he would be eleoted 1 milords and we refuse to put any much less pressure on the Administra­ to control our own communities. would end the war. Hopes don't al­ aâtion into our many v;ords concerning tion to get on with the peace talks. We want a true participatory demo* ways make sense and ito been a long 1: nd reform? What do thoy thinh ar, we So don't expect too much from Paris, We are tired of being at the mercy of When he died, one more way out a t out our latest weapons on tuen, especially now that Humphrey praoti- backroom politios where the rich nd was closed. ju. t as the Germ" ri ter-ted out new red - caily has the party machine in his the agents of the rich battle it out It wr.o the soldiers most of all who mine na r.ew tortures in the concen- pocket. You have to remember that the over what our destinies will be. Ue held this kind of hope and who are ti tion camps of Eurooe? Where are the are tired of being told that our coun­ bitterly disappointed. the sol- Vietnamese at the negotiations have ro.to of the independent 'Vietnam we try is broke while everyone in the dier-interviews from Vietnam were the right to ask that they remain pub­ claim to be building? ... What of the white house drives expensive cars and broadcast over AFN, each man told how lic. They have been tricked and rob­ a.tional Liberation Front that lives high on the hog. We are tired of his faith in "The American Yliss io n" bed of hard-won military positions by ..trsn-'ely anonymous group we call VC serving in their army cause no m a t- had been shaken by the assassinations Western powers in secret negotiations or Conr.unists?.. .How do they judge us ter how many wars we fight for them, of King and Kennedy. One asked, "What before (Geneva Conference, 1954). They when our officials know that their nothing ever inproves for us. That is kind of country are we fighting for"? know well that they have the sympathy membership is less than 25 percent why we say now, HELL MO, I WON'T GO Another said, "I thought we were fight­ of the vast majority of the world's Communist...? ... And they are surely and HELL NO, NOBODY GO! ing to prevent that kind of thing." population—we would not be surprised if they refuse to let Jo hnson and riant to wonder what kind of new gov­ The "riots" in our cities (as they Others shrugged and murmured, "M/l6s Harriman off the hook.... ern ent we plan to help form without call them) are an uprising of the poor, here, pistols there, what's the dif­ then — the only party in real touch the cheated, the enlightened. In in­ ference"? Some couldn't say anything There are negotiations of various with the peasants Is our nation ternational circles, it is known as at all..and others, like Bobby, could types, and the sort one ends up with canning to build on political myth revolution! not be reached for comment, not even also show who is winning. We hear on •ii in and then shore it up with the Now, since the rich never fight, by AFN. AFN that the coffee breaks are getting '.i ,er of new violence? they get other poor folk to man .the The point is this, every s oldier longer and more interesting in Paris. "At this point I should make it armies to kill us or be killed. They knows what it means to get a new CO. That is supposed to let us know that ..• r that... I am as deeply concern- keep us devided this way and keep con­ It may not be better, but it will be the real talk is secret and goes on i bout our own troops there as any- trol of the wealth of America. different, and different is bett er over coffee. And if we believe that u.ir.g else...for they must know after Once we understand that, once we So we hoped that Kennedy would be leak, then we are supposed to go on • Siiort period that none of the things understand that we are doing their strong enough to make the Generals put hoping that the Administration really w<- claim to be fighting for are really dirty work by being in their army, and up their new toys for a whil e. Humphrey ill do something. involved. Before long they must know that finally we are betraying our does not have the stuff, Hubie is the What has it really done? It has t>. i their government has sent them families and friends, we begin to un­ old "Exec." He has blood on his hands asked Congress for an extra 3>9 bil­ into a struggle among Vietnamese, and derstand what is coming off really and a stake in the past — and moving him lion dollars for military operations the more sophisticated surely realize its no time at all before we begin to up to CO wont wash off the old bloody in South Vietnam and South Korea. 230 th: t we are on the side of the wealthy tell them to go fuck themselves. decisions. LBJ and HHH are like cattle million dollars for maintaining troops ar.d the secure tfhile we create a hell Resist Brothers! rustlers riding downstream to throw in South Korea, 300 million for "Un- for the poor." Hurray Levy, Pvt. U.S. Army BH1254293 the :>osse off taeir trail. They are forseeable emergencies" and 3 billion "Somehow this ma.dness must cease. "etired getting us in deeper all the time to for the Vietnam War. That's extra. ...I speak for those whose land is be­ cover up mistakes and they have the Does that sound like peace? And when ing subverted. I speak for the poor of nerve to say, "Don't change horses in Cyrus Vance, deputy negotiator in •cerica who are paying the d ouble mid-stream." But it is us, the young Paris> Says that the U.S. must expect frice of smashed hopes at home and men of America who are the horses, the negotiations to go on for a long ceatn and corruption in Vietnam.... WRITE being spurred bloody by Johnson's sil time, does that sound like "home by fvery man of humane convictions must ver rowel. We rant to get out of the Christmas"? After all, Vance should lêjîi'le on the protest that best suits stream and onto dry land and to hell know how long it will take; he's re­ is convictions, but we all must pro- with running irons that will make HHH porting home to LBJ every four days. tt :,".'J out of LBJ We understand that the Vietnamese "I -tm convinced that if we are to get The day that Bobby died, the Ameri­ won the first round of discussions by ci the right side of the world revolu­ can jeen recon patrol that covers the having the pauses officially called tion, we as a nation must undergo a went side of the Berlin wall made its "tea breaks." The American negotia­ ra icul revolution of values. We must Fran Fuller or Frank Domurad, usual rounds. There was one differ tors may drink coffee, but must drink ra iaiy begin the shift from a "thing- 1 Herlin 1?, Postfach 65 er.ee. The gunner wasn't standing be it blaok. West Germany hind the gunsights of his 50 Caliber Pi: chine-gun traversing his weapon as MORE -RFK.. P3

• S NOTES FROM THE UNDERGROUND May 20, 1963 The following is ;:. personal observation of occurences on the U.S. Army post in Heilbronn, Germany after the shooting of martin Luther King Jr. in the u. On Friday, april 5, 1968, ^resident Johnson asked all Americans to observe unday, April 7th as a national day of mourning for the slain Martin Luther King Jr. On the day after the President's request, Saturday, April 6th, men of the 26th signal Battalion stationed at Heilbronn, Germany received notifica­ tion that, by an order of our battalion Commander, all members of the unit HOW would be on duty a full day Sunday, April 7th, the day asked by the President Getting up tight about being in tte to be observed as a day of mourning. The 26th Signal Battalion regularly has Army? If you are, you should do most Sundays off as a day of rest. As a result of this order, and a further something about it as soon as pos­ On February 9, 1968, the San Fran­ wish by men of the 26th Signal jiattalion to express their feelings over King's sible, before they figure they have cisco Federal District Court issued a death, men of the unit decided to draw up a letter to the Battalion Commander. you more or less adapted to military ruling preventing the U.S. Army from The following is the letter that was drawn up, in a matter of a couple of hour life and what's planned for you. Ac­shipping out soldiers who wish to ap­ with signature endorsements of fifty-three men in the unit, for presentation cording to a Wall Street Journal art­ ply for a Conscientious Objector Sta­ icle, the practice of using your wits tus within the Army. The decision was to the battalion Commander: ._ ., , ,„^„ to avoid combat duty is widespread. hailed as a victory by the lawyer for April 6, 1968 Work out your plan to get out as soon the defense, who predicted that hun­ Lt. col. John S. Blair as possible and stick to it. Here dreds of AWOL soldiers would now file Commander, 26th Signal Battalion APO new York, a.Y. 09176 are some ideas exerpted from a pamph­ the change-in-status form, Form 1049. let you can get from the Wisconsin The défendent, Steve Mason, volun­ Dear Sir: Draft Resistance Union, 217 South Ha­ tarily broke off a "vacation without We ask: That the 26th Signal Battalion send a letter to the President of the milton St., Madison, Wise. 53703. permission" from the Army,to take his Here's what a soldier stationed united States demanding that those responsible for the death of Dr. • military superiors to court for order­ nartin Luther King be immediately apprehended and brought to justice. at Port Hood, Texas, says about how ing him to Vietnam without allowing to get out: "You use a little tact, him to file form 1049. This was the That racism in the united States, and the injustices and inequalities and fit the way you want to get out first time that the Oakland Army Base that are the result of racism in the United b'tates which Dr. Martin to the people you are with. I got has been ordered to restrain its or­ Luther King fought against, be ended Now. sick of the Army and told the com­ ders Aile a soldier's personal-status mander that I wanted to see a psychi application is being processed. In And, as the President of the United States asked all Americans to atrist. I kept pretty nervous the fact, the Army has never previously observe tomorrow, Sunday, April 7, 1968 as a national day mourning whole time to show them it was really allowed itspersonnel to file IO49 in for iir. Martin Luther King, that the 26th Signal Battalion follow the bothering me Oakland, which is the jumping-off request of the President. "There are places you can go such point for men about to be shipped to Before the presentation of the letter to the battalion Commander, a 2nd Lt. as the Inspector General. But th.ey Vietnam. promised that a group of three representatives would be able to see the CO won't tell yoi about this, you have The importance of this ruling is and present the letter to him... The Battalion Commander refused to see us to find out about it yourself. The quite obvious. A person filing form as a group and furthermore, attempted to create an atmosphere of illegality Judge Advocate too. (Most JAG offi IO49 and requesting conscientious ob­ and guilt on our part... cers are draftees, and don't like the jector status, can temporarily post­ As a result of our letter to the Battalion Commander, Sunday, April 7, 1968 Army, but since they are lawyers, pone his orders for Vietnam and per­ was observed as a day of mourning in our unit because Lt. Col. Blair rescindée they accept the commission as the haps even obtain a discharge on the his work order. In the following days, many other attempts were made through least painful way for them.-Ed. note) basis of his objection. Department the appropriate channels on our part, to see the Battalion Commander as a You have to tell where you are going of Defense Directive 1300.6 provides group in regard to the "letter to the President" part or our request, but to to your first sergeant. But there is for the transfer to noncombatant sta­ no avail... no way they can stop you from going tus (i.e. Medical Corps) for some COs A number of officers in the Battalion, it was noticed, took our efforts in to the Inspector General and his and honorable discharge from the a hostile way. Instead of welcoming what we in the ranks were doing as a pat­ whole staff, which is your best bet Armed Services for others. Any sol­ riotic and righteous action, our deed was treated in a very inhospitable way. He can scare them. They fooled dier who, after entering the Armed A number of attempts were made by officers to stop us in our effort. around with my papers for à month. I Forces, finds himself conscientiously In regard to the civil liberties of servicemen, I know a lot more men would told them I was going to the IG, and opposed to "war in any form" has the be willing to excercise their rights if they knew just what they were. It is •thai they got my papers in order. They right to have his status changed. If common understanding among the men in the service that, because they are in th* knew they were wrong, but they tried a person is willing to perform non- service, they haven't any rights. This circumstance is due directly to the dic­ to prolong it as much as possible. Al­ combatant duties, he must be assigned tatorial use of authority by many superiors, especially officers. so a chaplain È a good person to work to these duties during the time in For my part in working in this effort to have a letter sent to the President, with. Once they know you know the which his CO claims are being proces­ I was notified on April 19th, by 26th Signal Battalion personnel, that I was tc ropes, rather than try to punish you, sed. For those requesting non-com­ be reassigned to state-side duty. On the next day, April 20th, I was flown to they will leave you alone. At first batant status instead of a discharge, the states. Before I left Germany, there was a letter to the President, of the they tried to tell me there was nobody the eventualities of ending up in type outlined in the letter to the Battalion Commander, being circulated for I could see. I knew there was. They Vietnam are by no means lessened. And signature endorsements among members of the unit. To my knowledge it has been figured thut because they were 'the the dan ers of being there and not sent to the President. PFC Walter M. Kos, Fort Bragg, N.C. Army' they would make me accept it. carrying a gun are obvious. The ca­ (meanwhile, back in Heilbronn, more transfers! See "Letters" Overseas Wkly. 22 But if you don't accept it, you real­ sualty rate for medics is notoriously May) ed. ly catch them off guard. high and there is no guaranty he "Other things! suicide attempts; won't be ordered to use a gun "for If, however, a CO is so determined in quite easy for the military authori­ we had a fellow in basic training who self-defense." A transfer to non- his beliefs, that he is willing to re­ ties to use their powers in control­ just overthrew bunks. Whatever you combatant service within the system fuse weapons training or similar or­ ling the physical environment of a start with you have to stick with it. is without a doubt easier to obtain ders and accept the consequences, it person and thereby isolating him. Don't back down and show any fright. because a medic still remains a func­ is possible that he be given a dis­ According to information from the Just 'hyper' all your emotions. If tional tool for the Army. honorable discharge, but pursuant on­ Central Committee for Conscientious you feel a little bit against it, The more difficult CO status to re­ ly to an approved sentence of a gen­ Objectors, "over 100 servicemen per dramatize it. Try to think one step ceive while in the Army is that of eral courtmartial. A person disobey­ month apply for discharge under the ahead of them. If they say, 'we discharge. While awaiting action on ing orders while his case is pending Co regulations." Of the men who have are going to put you in the stockade,' his case, the soldier is still re­ is still subject to military disci­ contacted CCC0 for aidin their cases, you can say, 'no,you can't. I haven't quired to obey all orders and there pline and persecution. A person a large percentage qualify for dis­ done anything.' You have to watch is no reprieve from weapons training. should have exhausted his administra­ charge on the grounds of a "parallel what you say. It wouldn't be wise to Although an individual should be re­ tive channels before refusing to obey belief." Parallel belief means that sayi 'I would give up my Americanci­ tained at his company and employed in orders, so that the reasons for his a person who does not hold a tradi­ tizenship to get out.'" non-combatant duties this is seldom actions are perfectly clear. tional belief in God but has beliefs Here are some ploys that some the case. The normal procedure after Being a CO in the Army is by no which would hold the same place as a draftees have used to skip Vietnam requesting a discharge is to have means an easy bag, and this is one of traditional belief are considered to duty. One Pfc. outfoxed the Army by one's file forwarded to the Director the reasons that the desertion rate qualify for CO status. If someone is having his spleen removed by a sur­ of Selective Service. An affirmative is rising. The Brass can afford only opposed to war in any form of the geon who was against the war. Since decision here is seldom challenged. so much dissent and when a CO becomes Vietnam war in particular, he should the spleen is a generally useless or­ Ordinarily the CO will be granted an vocal and tries to set a trend he is get in contact with CCC0, 2006 Walnut gan, he didn't miss it; but it would administrative discharge for the con­ often persecuted and harassed. It is replace red blood cells if he ever venience of the government: in most MORE - HOW-. P. 1 cases this is an honorable discharge. MORE HINTS RFK.. In talks like these, to be All this does not sound like an end in a hurry is a sign of weakness at to the war in Vietnam. It sounds like the present rnte there is plenty of the Generals want to open a new front time for each GI to do time-and-a-half on a more conventional type battle­ in Vietnam. leing stationed anywhere field where they can actually win once else today is no guarantee that you in a while and get back some glory. won't be under Vietcong rocket fire Back when LBJ suggested that the in Ian Son Nhut next week. The Active "Peace" negotiations be held "on a Duty Soldier will be used (used up ) neutral ship, on a neutral sea" one before Reservists will be touched in of his advisers couldn't resist sug­ an election year. After all, Reser­ gesting the "Fueblo." LBJ fired the vists are solid citizens with real man instantly, while the adviser went civilian jobs and connections, and laughing since he had been trying to they would like the Humphrey-Johnson resign from the staff for the previous war even less if they had to go. 18 months. The "Army Times" of 22 May quoted No matter how long the negotiations Army Chief of Staff Gen. Harold K. go on, they mean only this for the GI Johnson on Manpower planning. The and for sure: More pressure from the General admitted that the Army wou.l d Brass. As Newsweek magazine reported be able to give even fewer men a two- in the June 3 issue: "For the two year break between Vietnam tours. He weeks that ended May 18, the U. S. and Army Secretary Stanley Resor also death toll reached higher than in any told the Senate Appropriations commit­ other two week period o'f the Vietnam tee that: 1. The manpower priority war: 1,111. And given the enemy for Korea has been increased, 2. the build-up, it seemed Clear that there 2nd Inf. and the 7th Cav. Divisions in was worse to come. Increasingly, the Korea have been issued new FM Tactical struggle in Vietnam showed signs of aa^-ios; new AM radios have been issued falling into the pattern set during to Eight Army, 3. 24 of the Army's 27 ammo plants are in production, 4. the the Korean War where the bitterest U.S. and Germany are working on a mul­ fighting — and the highest casualty "Soldier, what's this I hear about your tiple rail rocket launcher, and 5« a rates—occurred after representatives from both sides sat down and began having ideas of your own?" new light anti-tank weapon is on the way. ( It is interesting that Chief talking peace." of Staff Johnson did not ask the Sen­ ate Appropriations Comnittee, he told them.) af • HlflTS HOW... AfcMY... Dfc.YfcS got malaria,so Army medics assure him can go home, study, see your girl, St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103 or any the crime of silence which includes its removal means he will never go to Live it up,"but that's not the way it one of the draft counseling services mumbling on the sidelines while the Vietnam. The doctor even sent the is. What they are saying to themselves which are operating in Europe (Stop war machine moves on its way, while bill for "emergency surgery" to the goes more like this: "If we can get Army. It Committee, London E.C. 4, England, American soldiers are forced to com­ this guy to knuckle under at boot camp, phone FLE-5735 and the U.S. Campaign Another ploy is to find an orphan if ,9 can get him so pissed ofif that mit crimes against themselves and the in the Army who wants to go to Viet­ Against the American War in Vietnam, people of Vietnam. he'' • run a bayonet through anything Berlin 12, Niehbuhrstr. 64, phone 31- nam and have your parents adopt him. The Nuremberg trials and the prose­ we *. ilnt him at, if we oan get him to 88-34) to determine if his objections Army regulations say only one member cution of Japanese war criminals were do one dirty thing for us, then he's and beliefs meet the requirements for of a family can be in Vietnam at a basedon the assumption that a man has gonna be gooked,and he'll be ours for discharge. The appropriate regula­ time, so the natural son wouldn't a right and an obligation to disobey life. We'll make a policeman of him tion for requesting discharge in the have to go. No one's tried that yet, orders to commit war crimes. In Viet­ when he gets tired of soldiering— Army is AR 635-20 which should be ad­ but here are some that others have nam we see actions certainly cohdeton- when he comes home, things won't be dressed to the Adjutant General, Dept. tried» able as crimes against humanity: the same, and he'll look for a job of the Army, Washington 25, D.C. and —A Virginian who got his Viet­ wholesale destruction of crops, live­ and there will be the National Guard forwarded with attachments through nam orders announced he had been con­ stock and villages;deliberate bombing and the city police and the Reserve the commanding officer. (AFR 35-24, verted to Christian Soienoe and re­ of civilian areas with napalm and and we're gonna be needing them this Director of Military Personnel, Hdqs. fused to take either shots or pills "cluster bomb units"; declaring free- summer, and next summer." US-AF, Washington 25, D.C.) when he reported for pre-shipement fire zones in which anything moving is innooulations. Frustrated doctors The decision to be a soldier and the Everything said up to this point, destroyed;blind bombing by B-52's and waved him away. decision to keep on being one involve is based on facts and laws, methods fighters returning to base; repeated at leastiwo basic probabilities. Kil­ of using the military against itself. violations of cease-fires by U.S. A corporal wrote letters to Sen­ ling and being killed. Of course you In reality, however, the military has troops; torture of prisoners; forced ators Kennedy and Javits, Gov. Rocke­ could make it. Calculated risk. But categorically ignored the requests relocation of helpless villagers; use feller, his Congressman and other of­ what areihe chances that you can make for change in status. They have and of nausea gas on old women and child­ ficials, claiming he preferred suicide it through two years without having are attempting to deny what few rights ren— all these tactics are adSiitted, to Vietnam aid pointing out ihe effects your mind messed up? Damn small. Peo­ and freedoms the soldier has left un­ even praised, by our military and ci­ the death would have on his mother. ple just don't go through basicH€8€ WS m & NEWSPAPER OF COMMON SENSE AND SURVIVAL FOR G.I.'S •-' •• <*"•• MORE BROTHERS REF USE TO RE-UP PÊNTA QON CAN'T FIG URE OUT WHY We've bean receiving a number of coaaente I, "ft *uat be noted there from the troops that our paper le toe •Min« drop ID re-enlistment dull. This time, we've made an - y«« MI »n., •• well." to come up with more humorous r* Tlva rap© M 4aaa r#riect a decline in material. Our first gem Is the fol lav­ • re-enlietraent rates ing reprint of an article In a a.Jor La 1966 to 12.8 percent American newspaper on the rapid .1* I decline was not nearly in black re-enllstmente during 1947 as ee eevere «j taon« Negro soldiers. opposed to 1966. '•»•W"i i'i explanations of the drop (Reprinted from the Boston Qlobe) • Arftj eeld lt believes that risk Washington - Negro re-enllsta.i of 4aa*h or injurj and possible repeat the Army have dropped draaatloelly, inVletnaa are "major determining according to a Pentagon report oaver- n." Ing 1967. report on "Negro participation in the development, whloh of Malaie ..y ibe Are.e-i Foroes" also registered first is puzzling, haa triggered a study to tat m ra-enl latanet dips for all the other find out why. • ervtcee, but by only a few percentage Officials are reluctant to link raolal pointe In each case. unrest with the slide of N.gro first Tha «Inula exception was a slight/up- term re-enlistment rates froa 66.'; per­ • in re-enlistment by white airmen , MOHAMMED OINT TO IBJ cent in 1966 to only }1.7 peroent last fro« 16 percent in 1936 to 17-3 percent year. In 1967- At the same time, Negro airmen One senior official said, "nobody re-onllatmants went from 30.1 percent percent last year. The Negro re-en - among tne marines. It must be remembered, or Gary, or Atlanta or fioxbury, or Syr­ knows why Hegro soldiers showed such ,9 percent. listment rate in the Corps went from the Army has many draftees in its ranks, acuse? Know how many black General an abrupt Chang, of attitude toward The rate of white sailors re-enlisting 19-5 percent to 15.9 percent. while the other services use mostly Officers there are? Know who's rloinr signing up for another hltoh sfter in tha Navy declined from 17.6 percent If, as the Army suggests, its drop-off volunteers. most of the front fighting in Vietnam? completing afirat enlletaent or a draft in 1966 to 16.7 percent in 1967; tha in re-enlistments is attributable to the Know who's getting all the rank? Know tour. rata of Negros from 24.7 to 22.5 per - risk of death or wounds, the same factor EDI'i'OR'ö NOTE: who really gets the chance to use tho "I'm Just aa puzzled ea you are," the cent. apparently does not apply in the case ISver been in South Chicago, in Detroit G.I. Bill? Know who spends the most of the Marine Corps, to judge by the offioial told a reporter. He said his In the marines, white re-enlistments out around the rouge plant, ever been in time in the stockade? Still puzr.led; relatively slight re-enlistment decline experts are analysing the eltuetlon. totaled 10-5 percent in 1966 and 9-7 Harlem, or Newark, or Watts, or Cleveland Kuh?

your consent is a war you had no choioe the Democratic voterai The stated pur­ 12,000 regular Chioago polio«, there 1968 PARTY CONVENTIONS in making. Why are we faced in Novem­ pose of the primariss is to get a feel­ were 18,000 members of tha Illinois ber with a choice between two candi­ ing of the voter« ssntlment before the National Guard, 5.500 members of th« SHOW WHERE ITS AT NOW dates that no one really wants? All candidates are nominated. Nevertheless Illlnol« Stat« Polio«, 2,200 IBI and these and many others are questions the Democratic Party machinery totally other federal eecur}.ty men, and 7.5QO The "Battle of Miohigan Avenue" may be tion prohibiting police from interfer­ crying for answers in 1968. rejected the voter's mandate against regular Army troops that ware air - over, hat the problems have just begun. ing with reporters, but it was too late In the nominating of presidential can­ the current administration and nomin­ lifted in from Pt. Hood, Texa». Into Tha nation and tha world reacted with then. didates , the democratic process is al­ ated its most vocal spokesman, Hubert this setting walked tha demonstrators •hock and disbelief to the viclousness What were Mayor Daley and the Chicago most non-existent. Sixteen states have Humphrey. The rejection of a voter's with the intention of non-

Something about the fact seems to troubla TAKE IT TO YOUR UNION him. know that you're there (support for the as soon as poople «tart getting to­ Old you know th.t there 1» a «ovm«t of Stapp'a case. Chsokth« library too. Union has spread to Viet gam, Europe gether they »tart getting transferred. He ambles over and looks within th. armed «r»lc« to unlonli. Lia. any union th« ABU ha» its de­ and throughout U.S. bases) and another Th« Army fears tb« AflO because it know»! me up and tb. soldler7 It'» called th« Aasrleu mand. . TIi... may sound, pretty .impie, 1» to find out more about the Union. about that E Flurlbus Unnm on th« quar­ down. Servie«.«* Onion, and lt got It» «tart but th... condition, don't exist now: Tou can do both by filling out the blank ter In your pocket: In Union Ther« Is "You're an American," he repeats, officially a» th« r.eult of another 1. A fsdsral mini mil» wags for all at ths end of this article and sending StrengthI once or twice. attsmpt 67 th« of f1er ola.» to »urpr««» ••rvloeaen. it In to The Bond. And th« Union isn't alone either. information and th« fr«« «or«^nt of 2. Racial equality. "How does it feel?" The Bond Is the serviceman's n.wspaper There are people «nd other organiza­ Idea* among .oldl.r«. Although th. In­ 3. Right« of free political asso­ he asks* published by the American Servicemen's tion« on tb« outalde who ar« Interest­ cident that prompt.d th« Union ' • forma­ ciation. Union. The paper Is writtsn by EM'» «11 ed in you and your grlpss. Road news- tion (the opening ot founder, Andy ». 8»at» on court-martial bmards HVeryone is watching and over th« globe, and is made up of some p«p«r« Ilk« Th» Bond. Where It'» At. 8t»pp'«, footlock.r with • pick-ax and for ths rank and fil« enlisted the friendly gin nUl isn't friendly pretty revealing report« of what ' e hap­ Th. Ally. Th. guardian and look around tha «.lzur. of It« content.) 1» r.l.- men. anymore. pening to them and what they ••• going In th« town. wh.r. you're «tatloned. tlv.ly ln.ignifleant in comparison with 5. Election of officers by vot« of on. It's difficult for you guys to find "What do you mean?" I don't th« gro.s denial of "human right»" ac­ the men. in th« town where you're stationed. 6. End saluting and sir-ing of out what's up with the Army going out understand him corded th« soldier, lt i« symptomatic at Th.r. are .ysp.thetlc «tudent group« officer» • of its way to keep you in tb. dark, lot really. of th« Arm«'» approach toward it» mo»t and ooffeeboueee like th« "U.F.O" at Winning some of these demands Bight make just -printed information la. withheld. baelc .l.a.nt, - yo», th« individual Fort Jackson. ( Watch for on« that's the G.I. feel less like a second claa» * Have you noticed tha t_ ther. haven't been 'flow does it feel?" he repeats, American Serviceman. etruggllng to g.t «t«rt«d in Berlin.) as if I didn't citizen. Th« granting of all of them any - Joan Baez records in th« PX tor What wa. In Stapp'» footloeksr that lou'r. not «lon«. Let's g«t togetherI bear. would- afford th« serviceman ths bens- th« past year and a half or any of !.. •ad« it .0 important? In lt no kept a I a. « •••it'.r of th. United States Ana- I hear but don't understand» fits of the U.S. Constitution that he's Dylan's either? Tney'v. been lab*l«d library of book» »nd magazine» that he «d Tores. Pleass send me THE BOND supposed to havs In the first place. subversive and taken off the eb.lv.e. loan«d to otb«r »oldi«r» if thay wen» regularly free of charge. ______Or do I, the Bono 1« on« w«y to keep »» tou«* interested. À» a result, Stapp wa» Did ws say slmpls? Well, not quite. perhaps? Th» Army "already has a regulation that with on« anorb.r and for you M ••• charged with disobeying an order (to I am not a member of the United State« says, "Military personnel wlU not par­ your vole» h.«rd too. Contribua.« ». "Sons and lovers, mothers open tb. locker for inspection) and an «xohang« of Id««» «"*1 t»T.ra«vl«. Ar_>d fore««. I am enclosing 93 for a with having a broksn footlockor. S»«m ticipate in any activity having to da and children too," he says, like thi» i. on. w*y to.fl«ht <>•» Ar»n»*e 6 month subscription. absurd? Of course, to anyone who i»n't with creating a unie© for enlisted men." "all dead." efforts to ksep evert -4 «lei in tb« army. To an EH, though its no If that's ntft surpression, it's prstty suspicions. Tbs A-ay •<»»•• «1MB •»« "Is it a riddle?" I ask, »urpri»», Ju»t »or«, «my "lustie«." good second-guessing. They're ready to «gainât whit« mm, «aak «««IM« '•»»• unsure of it now* Stapp cr«at«d quit«a»tir when be con­ »top a union b«f orfrit even get«-«tart«d. _«nd ««rvlo« a«»ln.i ..i-i.e *» «••#«•" tacted hi» charge and sentencing. In But now th« union ooe» exist and ha» had "How does it feel," age hostility. OM« »••«•>• standing up to the bras» h» attracted »overage in a national, widely read; (Will he ever stop?) talk To «Mb o.k.» mé Ma. M other soldi.» who had had enough of magazine. Things will start to happen. they ar. not «1«M< ' th« Army', brand of Justice. If the If you «rs interested in helping th« •To hare blood on your hands?" there 1« power 1. «•!»». I»»«n august, issue of Isoulrs hasn't been Union to happen, there are a few things^ 1S6 Fifth Avenue Room 633 tljatyoucan do right away as an indiv­ th. Any di.be» «•» J*»» •••*•* ••»•»»- Joe Linehan taken off th« stand, at th« Stars and «ew fork, H.T. lOOlO 9-68 «IA idual. On« way is to l«t Andy Stapp matlon t« »«.» «v«ry*««» •—!*»•*. «M Berlin, 1968 Strips, you oan rsad all th« details "FREE HUEY NEWTON!" PAUSE Huey Newton, Minister of Daf«i<« baoauee they've been tried Panthers for the second time in his pressors of the black people which has FOR. the Black Panther Party, la bain» I • 1-a.hlta Juries, and that's Just life, describes an event which occur­ antagonized the city of Oakland. to Oakland, California, for tha «.urd-r like being tried In Nazi Germany, being red during this visit. The police had This revolutionary courage is also REFLECTION of a cop« On Oct. 28, 1967, "i J *••• been attracted to the scene by 2Q. black the basis of a "Free Huey Movement " • Ja«. The latest Gallup Poll shows President Patrolman John Prey, who waa ra««' «ant black people when brought to men wearing black leather Jackets, which has developed in California re­ Johnson's popularity at one of it'a low­ One of tha most brutal near I trial to be tried by members of their black berets and pants» powder blue cently. The day before the trial and est levels. In. the recent sampling only land's racist police force, at- pear «roup, and a peer being one who sljirts and all carrying large, uncon­ the next day several thousand circled 35 parcent of the public approves of the Black Panther car.' Ha knew tha car be­ comas from tha same economic, social, cealed» weapons* offering Sister Betty the couthouse chanting "Free Huey or the sky's the limit." way he is doing his dob, while 52 percent longed to a Panther beoauae tha Oakland religious, historical» and racial back­ end her companion an escort. disapprove. cops have lisV of V« lloenae nuabara ground. "At that , moment 'a big, beefy cop This movement demands Newton's imme­ The poll goes on to point out that Mr. of Panther cars (and care of their oloea 10. Let's «ttaaarise it: We want land» stepped forward." HQ undid the little diate freedom because Newton is not a Johnson • s popularity has been very depen­ associate«, both white and black). Thay w« want bread, we want housing, we strsrp holding his pistol in his holster criminal, but a political prisoner. dent upon the popularity of the Vietnam also have picturea of 'anther laadara want JuatlM and we want peace" • and started shouting at Huey, 'Don't He was arrested for defending the rights of his people against an oppressor. war. In the first test of America 's on the walls of varioua police stations But thiSt excellent program alone» point that gun at me I Stop pointing that The Black Panthers believe that white attitude toward the intervention with in Oakland. There,are conflicting a to-* without concrete action behind it, gun at mal' He kept making gestures as rles about exactly what happened after America is like a mother country and troops only 24 percent disapproved. To would not be enough to antagonise the though, he was going for his gun...Huey black America is the colony. And Prey stopped the car, but tha final day 53 percent of the American public city, the press, and the cops. What stopped in his tracks and stared at the white Oakland police are therefore outco-ie ia clean a a ort time later 1 disapproves of the American involvement frightened and enraged the cops was the the cops. Huey walked to within a few not police at all but occupation troops. Prey was flead.Patrolma n Herbert Heanes in Vietnam. Party's willingness to back up their feet of the cop and said, 'What's the And since they are occupation troops, was wounded, and Huey Newton, with four program with deeds. Por example, on matter, you got an i-tchy finger?" The the question of Newton's guilt or bullet holes in .ia abdomen and one in point 7 the panthers didn't Just complain innocence according to white law is his thigh, was under arrest for murder. about polie» brutality in the ghetto cop made no reply... He was staring into really irrelevant: he is a political During the last week of July, Lance The cops have their story about what and wait around for it to atop._ They Huey'a eyes, measuring him. 'O.K.,' Huey prisoner charged with defending the Corporal Perry Gordon killed a sol­ "happened, with Patrolman Heanes as their began to patrol the ghetito by oar with said, 'You big, fat racist pig, draw your integrity of his people, whatever the dier in combat activity in the vicinity gun J' The cop made no move. 'Draw it, onlv,' known witness. And the Pothers loaded? shotguns prominently displayed charge may be called by the colonial of Phubai, Vietnam, whom he later identi­ have their version; in fact, Newton'a (unconcealed weapons are not illegal). you cowardly dog!' Huey pumped a ronnd power. "Free Huey," then is not a call fied as an American soldier. The Ameri­ defense attorney, Charles Garry claims Whenever the cops would atop a black • into the chamber of a shotgun. 'I'm wait­ for abandonment of due process or for can soldier had been fighting together to have evidence demonstrating that man, the Panthers would get out of their ing«,'he said, and stood there waiting anarchy; but rather it is analafçous to with National Liberation Front Forces "Hr. Newton is absolutely Innocent of car to observe the operation. If an for the cop to draw. AJ^l lfne" other copa a 1961 demand that the French free when he came into contact with the aby crime whatsoever." But the Panthers arrest seemed imminent they would advise moved back over the _j.ne 'of fire . an Algerian rebel leader. American patrol. According to American aren't telling their version of.the' tha arrestee of hia rights. I moved back tpo. Then the cop facing intelligence reports there are several As Cleaver puts it: "Huey P. Newton jhooting just yet and for very good Huey gave it up. He heaved a,heavy sigh such soldiers operating with NLF forces The Black Fanthera regard thia carry­ is the ideological descendent, heir and lifeal reasons: they want to give the and lowered his head. Huey. literally in the area. ing of weapons not aa aggreaaion or aa successor of Malcolm X« Malcolm pro­ Oakland police no opportunity tp fa­ laughed in his lace and then went off "violence", but ae absolutely necessary up the street at a Jaunty paee..»" phesied the coming of the gun to the bricate a story in advance of the trialf for thair Aefenae and tha defense of black liberation struggle. Huey P. which might counter the information now Eldridge Cleaver goes on to say, the ghetto inhobitanta. Newton borrowed Newton picked up the gun... The genie "'All men are created equal...They are in the fiands of the defense. "The quality in Huey P. Newton's cha­ the aymbol ef «ha Black Panther for his of black revolutionary violence is here endowed by their Creator with certain racter which I had seen that morning... And the defense is going to need all party because, as he aaya," It ia not in and it says that the oppressor has no inalienable rights. Among these are and which I was to see demonstrated o- the help it can gat because the District tha panther'e nature to attack anyone rights which the oppressed are bound Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Hap­ ver and over again after I Joined the Attorney prosecuting NeVton has managed first, but whsn ha Is attacked and becked to respect. The genie also has a piness. ' Black Panther Party...was courage. I •/ to get himself, a hanging jury. All tha into a corner, he will respond viciously" question for white Americans: which side "These immortal words are from the don't mean the courage to'stand up do you choose? Do you aide with th« member» had to affirm thel» belief in An example of thia Panther poaition Declaration of Independence of the Uni­ and be counted', or even the courage it oppressor or with the oppressed? The the death sentence before the D.A. occurred when Slater Betty Shabazz, wi­ ted States of America in 1776. Taken takes to face certain death. I speak time for decision is upon you. The would accept them for Jury duty. The dow of Malcolm I, came to sneak in the in a broader sense they mean: 'All of that revolutionary courage it takes cities of America have tasted the first' D.A. also managed to pick an all white Bay Area* Tha Panthare, because of peoples are born equal; All peoples to pick up a gun with which to oppose flames of revolution. But a hotter Jury with onfi acception, a black loan ru store or an aaaaaaination attempt, have, the right to live, to be free, the oppreasor of one's people. That's fire rages in the hearts of black people, officer from the Bank of America* How provided her with full protection. El-_ to be happy.' These are undeniable a different kind of courage." And it's today: total liberty for black people is it possible to, pick a Jury with one drldge Cleaver, than aaeing the Black exactly this courage to fight the op­ or total destruction for America." truths•" black man 04 it ijj a «Lty which is one By Ho Chi Minh in the preamble to third black? Very ajjjnple- the blacks . the declaration of Independence who were up Jury duty were conven­ fpr CZECH CRISIS: of the Republic of Vietnam. iently channeled into other capes so Hanoi, September 2, 1945 that the lists which were presented for Newton's case contained almost BOON TO C O LD WA R HYSTERiA? exclusively white candidates. Newton is not being tried by hia paera but The intervention of tha five Varaaw pact thatemjoy^he eupport of tha people will Another Justification for their inter­ bv a white racist ,1ury. oountrlaa In Cveohoslovakla la having tha maaeea remain loyal to Soolaliat vention by. tha Sovieta was tha need to BERLIN However* this.is nothing new. A co­ eoereive effect a uponprogreaalva forces principles while experiencing greater check the growing atrength and influ­ tai lack of justice has characterized in both the Socialist and Capitalist individual freedoms.The paradox of the ence of NATO in Europe. Again con­ DATE this case from the beginning. When New­ worlds. For-tha Czechs themselves it Intervention Is that Russia defeated the trary to Russia's intent, the opposite ton, arrived at Kaiser hospital riddled •eans a serious curtailment of their very cause It claimed to want to further. occurred. Senator Mike Mansfield end­ BOOK with police bullets the doctors refused attempts to develop a mora democratic The arrival of Soviet tanke on Czech ed a recent European tour "mora con­ to treat him until the police arrived, Socialisa. In the West, wa already see soil only increased the anti-Co-U-uniat vinced than avar that the U.S. nhould In future editions this column will and then, when they cdd treat him, al­ a reaurgence-of anti-Communism with its and counter-revolutionary behavior it substantially reduce lta military force list éventa of interest to Americans lowed the cops to shackle him to the cries &r increased military commitments sought to crush. Tha path to higher on the continent...that the day of the in Berlin. operating table. Although he was scream­ and a harder line toward "appeasement" Socialism will now be a much mora dif­ NATO pact has passed in its original The following films will be shown ing in pain for the doctors to loosen the at home and abroad.Thus it is particu­ ficult one. aenae aa a defanalve setup." Four daya on the dates indicated, at Dia Lupe, shackles, the doctor treating him told larly important that any condemnation Very clearly the reaction of tha feat later came tha Soviet intervention and Kufürstendamm 202. All these fil«« him to ahut up. He insists that at of this action arise from a thorough to the invasionagain worked to Rueala'a a complete rejection of this position. will be in their gnglish versions. least one cop hit him in the abdomen understanding of all its implications political dieadvantaga. One need only Noreould tha added impetus which thi« e- with anight stick and that several beat if wa are to put it in its proper con­ have glanced fleetlngly at tha Weat- vanthaa given tha presidential campaign Monday, the 17, September 1968 him on the wrists and elsewhere until text and prevent Cold War hyuteri*. arn preae during tha flrat few daya of "hard-llner"Dick Nixonbe seenin any Kind Hearts and Coronets England 1949 he passed out from the pain. Viewed in tha light of lta politioal following th« intervention to aaa lta way advantageous to checking American Directed by Robert Hamer, with Alec Later, when he eras in. a hospital room eonaequenoee, tha Ruaalan-led Inter­ Implications. Reference« to Vietnam Aggreaaion and wanting peace. Thus it Guinness and Denis Price. being fed intravenously, police guarda vention to repraaa tha llbarallaatlon were particularly frequent. Equating, appears that Soviet intervention has Very funny comedy in which Guinness told him they were going to cut the proceed 1» Caechoelovakla appeare whol­ for eieaple.the Ruaalan «ova Into Caa- given new life to the very reactionary Plays all the members of a doomed Brit­ tubes. One pointed a loaded shotgun' at ly irrational. Thar« ara only two con­ ehoalovaJrla with U.S. intervention and forces to which it is opposed. This ish family and their whimsical killer. his head, claiming he was going to shoot ceivable con4itlone which eight have •see eleugbter in Vletnaa la not only ia the further tragedy of the past few Newton and thtfn report he was trying endangered Scarlet, aecurltyand Juealfled aa insult to historical and «oral truth, waeka. Thursday, the 26, September 1968 to escape. Then the cop lowered the such extrese aeaeureetthe overthrow of but a blow to Ruaala'a policy of oppo­ I Married a Witch USA 1942 gun and said he wouldn't kill Newton tha entire ayatem by a rightlat putaah sition to American World Imperialism. FREE ELECTION Directed by Rene Clair, with Fredrick because he was going to die in the gas- or attempts by Czech laadara to ran««« However alagulded tha Intentions and The following excerpt is from a letter March and Veronica Lake. chamber anyway. It was a common prac­ on Warsaw Paet (military) and Coaeoon dlaaatroua tha outcome of tha Russian from a Vietnam veteran to New York radio Comic parody on early horror and crime tice for the poll«» guard« to kick the (economic) agreements in order to "go occupation,lt oan not ba compared with station WBAL. The soldier wishes to filmas .Directed by masterful Frenchman foot of the bed to Jar Newton'a wound it alone." Neither of thaaa poaelbl- th« near physical annihllatlonof Viet­ remain anonymous. open and to start it hieeding under litiea ware even mentioned ih official nam by tha Americana. The basic social "The Vietnamese collected the ballot Wednesday, the 2, October 1968 the bandage« The complicity of the explanations of the move. Indeed, tha and econoBlc achievements of the Czechs boxes. We (the soldier and a small de­ Catch Us If You Can England 1965 doctor« in suoh brutality by the copa reasons put forth by the Soviets reveal (e,*>,collective ownerahlpof the means tachment of Vietnamese troops) took out Directed by John Boorman, with Dave in a hospital parallels the unspeak­ a piteous disregard for tha delicate of production),for exemple, remain in­ all the Dzu votes and replaoed them with Clark and Barbara Ferris. able cruelty of the German doctors In processor Czech internal political de­ tact. U.S. Intervention in Vietnam, Thieu-Ky ballots. We then put the boxes Humorous film about youth enhanced by Nazi concentration camps. velopment aa wall as a misjudgment of on tha other hand, has not only pre­ back on the trucks and they were taken Dave Clark's original music. vented progress in thin direction, but But why Is the city of Oakland out to the international implications of auch to Saigon and counted. Our responsi­ haa lad to farther exploitation of get Huey Newton? What has Newton, in action. bility was the towns of Dau'Tieng, tha peasantaby tha urban ruling class­ particular done to so enrage the Oak­ In their criticism'of recent internal Tay NI«h, Ba'Ca and Bao Trian. ée, and to complete denial of land-re­ land cop« that they wtnt to kill him at developments Ha Czechoslovakia tha Sovi­ "The overwhelming amount of the votes THE form - in short, to tha maintenance of all coats? The answer lies in hi« ac­ ets auggest that the%0-Called" movement were for peace candidate Dzu." an inequitable and anachronistic socio­ tivities as a Black Panther Party mem­ towards liberalization was merely a economic opder. Furthermore, the re­ ADDRES S ber. Part of the - party's platform is guiBeîthat in reality there were orop- newed efforta to >uatify our role in WHCRE IT'S AT a ten point program 1 Piruj up within the society "bourgeois Vietnam sa a cheok to "Soviet world ex­ Vol. I No". 3 "*V. We want jfreedo% we vt«nt the power counterrevolutionary and ant Socialist" BOOK pansion" suggests a revived adherence WHERE IT'S AT is financed by contribu­ tc de .-.»walne, tha destiny. e_* our black factions which could well hav» misused to the diaastroi^e policy of contain­ tions. It is published monthly in Berlin communities. -the glaive idealism"of Alexander Dubcek Sweden : American Deserter's Committee, ment, which committed u8 to Southeast by a group of concerned Americans. tb bring «fcout^ the. end of Socialism and, Unga Philosophers, Drotninggatan 13, 2. Wa want full employment for our. Asia in the first place. But these are a, re-establishment of the old Capitalist Stockholm 0 -(Tel.: 11-47-67) OR Ad- people. types of eimplified blurred facts that EDITORIAL STAFF: order, "»his argument is all the more vocat Hans Goran Franck, Kungsgatan 5« We want hewsing fit fbr shelter for the Peace Movem-'.t must npw contend poignant fçr*its half-truth. Of course David Bathrick, Illinois; Ron Chavers, 24, Stockholm 0, (Tel.: 20-05-50 or human beings* with. The following quote concerning there are- vestiges of anti-Socialist Ohix>; Crank Domurad, California; Tom 20-06-00). 4.We want all biack njan to be exempt efforts to insert a peaoe plank in the thought irr Chechoslovakia.But what the' DuBose, Alabama; Stan Eller, Indiana; West Berlin; Fran Full«, 1 Berlin from military aervice. democratic platform is one of many ex­ Soviets hare failed to understand is Ellen Foxcroft, California; Fran Fuller, 12, Postfach 65 (for mail only) OH 5« We want decent education for our amples that show the great setback suf­ that mush of thiels-a reaction, against Maine; Frad Grab, Virginia; Ginger SDS, 1 Berlin 31, KurfUrstendamm black people in our cotkunltlee that fered bytha anti-war forcesin the U«3. the bureaucratic- and wpreeeive policies Grab, California; David Harris, Michi­ 140 (Tel.: 886-14-49). teaches us the true nature of t'i-# de- "However, the tide seemed to be running of xntojain Novotnv~ ratl*erthan a result gan; Kitty Kroger, California; Doro­ West Germany: SDS, 6 Frankfurt/ caâantf* racist society. against the doves in their drive for a of tha recent liberalization process. thy Linehan, New York; Joe Linehan, New Main, Wilhelm-Hauff-Str. 5; War £. We want an, end to tha robbery by detailed peace plank, largely because It la clear that the onlj way Czechoslo­ York; Danga Vileisis, Delaware. Resisters International, 8 Munich, th* white -racist business«« of blaak of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslova­ vakia or any other Socialist state is Responsible for contents : F.H. Fuller Martin-Grelf-Str. 3, (Tel.: 53-72-60). people In their-community. kia. One key committee member support­ «oing to reach« higher stage of Socialism Berlin 44 Kampagne für Demokratie und Abrüstung, 7.* We want an immediate end to polioe ing the Administration privately da- ia through aatiwe.at times dissenting, 8 Munich, ElYira.tr. 18. brutality and murder of black people. scribed the intervention as an 'act of WHERE IT'S AT welcomes letters and com­ politioal **»e-#elon - not through re- Denmark : Committee for Helping Ameri­ a* We want all black «en held 1« el«?, God* in sparing the party a bruising ments of all kinds, even unfavorable. pfeealeei. $»ly undar the guidance of can Deserters, Milosveg 1», 2300 S eofcnty, #**t« aa* federel Jails to ee devisive fight over the Vietnam plank." Write to: WHERE IT'S AT, 1 Berlin 12, •uniat fertyand communist laadara Copenhagen (Tel.: 55-5*-73). released because they hare not had a FOstfaoh 65. DICK GREGORY PARIS PEACEGOROUND FOR PRESIDENT Although the Paris talks have been go­ effectively quelched by US deliberation in • peaceful solution to Southern prob­ Humphrey, Nixon and third party candi­ demonstrations against the war. ing on for several months now, no one as to whether lt wasn't perhaps a stage lems,at first refused even to sanction date, George Wallace, are not the Gregory alio ha» hi» "ghèttd'e-cyé Is kidding himself that headway ia being of preparation for a large-scale offen­ the uprisings .Sven today ("Infiltrators" only possibilities this November. There view" »n»ly»l» of th» so-called civil made. ?he reason for this is no mys­ sive.It became clear to the Vietnamese from the North represent only a fraction are several groups in America offering disorder». "Quite »imply, what happened tery- until the US calls a halt to the and to the world that the US was not of the anti-Saigon forces In South Viet­ candidates who believe that the two in city af t»r olty during the summer of bombing of North Vietnam, that country prepared to follow up on this act by nam.The NLF recruits its men (and women) party system does not respond to the 1967, and this year in response to the will refuse to discuss "substantive* stopping the bombing in order to create from sympathetic villagers in—l« South, needs of the American people. They brutal »laying of Dr. Martin Luther King issues. The Democratic Republic of Vi- the conditions for serious talks. «hloh 1« why thay multiply so much faster agree with Dick Gregory, who says that etnam(DRV) has maintained a consistent The point is, there was a reasonable than the rates of "infiltration" can "The two party system in America has stand on this position. After all, you response, and DHV forces did not take acoount for. made a mockery of democracy by denying don't talk to the bally while he's try­ advantage of the so-called "de-escala­ The Great Lie perpetrated by the people any real choice in determining ing to beat the hell out of you - even tion." There was a pronounced period Admlnlstrationls a picture of the "en­ th» candidate who will represent them. if he's not succeeding. of relative quiet in South Vietnam,but emy" as Ho Chi Minh, sitting backstage Candidates are selected through the pow­ When Johnson, yielding to outraged the US failed to take it for an indica­ in the North pulling strings controlling er pl&y- ôf the party machine and such world and domestic opinion end recogni­ tion of Vietnamese sincerity and readi­ Vietcong puppets in the South, inciting political activities produce candidates sing the rapidly deteriorating US mili­ ness by calling a halt to the bombing them against a free and democratic Sai­ who will best represent the interests o'f tary situation, announced in March a of the DHV. Small wonder that the new gon regime. But every Vietnam veteran the political party rather than the com­ limit to the bombing,there was a glim­ offensive has now started.We shouldn't knows that hit enemy in the forests and mon good of all the people." mer of hope,which quickly faded as the be looking Ar too many more "gestures" rice paddles and villages wa» Victor Although his name won't be on the intensity of bombing and US escalation on the part of the North Vietnamese. Charley.Every soldier in Vl.tnam know» ballot, Slok Gregory is very much in the in general increased rather than de­ The longer the Paris talks go on,the that a sell-out by the North Vietnamese running as a write-in candidate for the creased. The hypocrisy of Johnson's more evident it becomes that "recipro­ could not stop Charley. The or.at Li», office of president. His platform is announcement does rot deceive very many city" and other phrases amount to an however,while not fooling the soldier, clear-cut and hard-hitting arainat the of us. It is vividly confirmed by the ultimatum: the North Vietnamese muet doe» hav» the Am.rlcan people at home hypoorisy of Republican and Democratic following quotes: abandon their allies in the South;they stymied. They don't know that it's the pafty politician». H» atrongly supports Secretary of "Defense" Clark Clif­ must sell cut to the US in exchange for South Vietnamese people who» their eon» th» minority liberation atrupj-le in ford, ~ay 28,before the House Appro­ a bombing halt .They are being requested Am»Moa, including full »upport of the 1 priations Committee:"We are increas­ in effect to surrender first,negotiate and brothers are forced to fight, that Bleck Panther Party « Ten Point Program ing the number of missions over the later. In the Paris talks, the term th« South Vietnamese people ar« engaged and the ''Free Huey Newton" movement. panhandle very substantially. AS 1 'negotiate,' like so many other words in a struggle for freedom against a Although he personally believes in non­ remember the figures,they were some­ in this war- 'agression, "reciprocity,' repressive internal regime,and for self- violence, Gregory understands and exposes thing like 3000 in February, about Me-escalation,' democracy and freedom,' determination and sovereignty «gainst what he calls the "perverBe distortion 5000 in -arch, 7000 in April,and now 'relocation,' 'pacification,' 'destroy over half a million Americans. of non-violence" by white politicians. Jr., was revolt, which will lead to they are running at about 10,000 sor­ in order to save* - has been distorted ThaOreat Lieenables theOS delegation "TA* supreme hypocrisy of America," revolution. Many people insist upon ties a month." and manipulated into meanlnglessness - in Paris to maintain a semblance of sa#S Gregory, "is that this nation is calling the disturbances in our cities no. disturbed by white violence. But it Major General D.L.Crow,director of which may help explain the widespread authenticity for the world, While in 'race riots.' But that is not true. is scared to death of Black violence... the Air Force budget, may 28: "Even public bewilderment, frustration, and fact refusing to deal with the real They are revolts...When man hates man, After the assassination of Dr. Martin though we have stopped bombing north Illusions about this war. foroe opposed to US military might- th« the result is revolution and the destruc­ NLF. Th« talk» in Pari« ar» an example Luther King, white America said:'Remem­ of the 20th parallel,as a consequence But what would happen IX the DRV were tion of property owned by, and represen­ of the futility of trying to reach a ber the memory of Dr. King and be non­ of the additional B-52 sorties the to comply with US demands, withdrawing tative of, that system. These who are settlement in the absence of th» anta­ violent 1' White America owns all the overall expenditure of munitions over to the North,cutting off »uppli»»,etc.? currently engaging in ghetto revolt are gonist . guns, the tanks, makes all the napalm, North Vietnam has considerably in­ It is illusory to believe that th» fight­ more concerned with striking back at and builds all the missiles, owns all the destroying the system than they are with creased . " ing ia the South would then cease. Sven North Vietnamese soldiers, while ex­ nuclear vessels, has an Army and a Navy, killing white folks...It is the system New York Times, July 13: "the num­ if North Vietnam should be blown to the erting influence, by virtu« of their controls the FBI and the CIA, the local ber of US troops in South Vietnam has support,upon th» Southerners,oan hardly the man in the ghetto hates and it is Stone Age and back again,the people in police, th« state police and the National increased by 19,000 to 535,000 since be «aid to control them. The struggle the system he wants to destroy." South Vietnam, represented chiefly by Guard. Yet white America can look at Mr.Johnson first invited North Viet­ belongs to the Southern freudom fighters Grsgory himself grew up in the slums the NLF, would continue to rebel, Just blâek folks, who do not manufacture one nam to match American restraint." who hav» demonstrated by their tenacity of St. Louis. In high school he set as they rebelled tack in 1959 »hen insur­ Guard. Tet white America can look at Furthermore,according to the German- «nd courage in th» faoe of a Superenemy several records in track and was awarded rection under President Diem*» corrupt black folks, who do not manufacture one Swedish dramatist Feter Weiss,who vis­ and his technological warfare that they an athletic scholarship to college, regime first erupted among the landless, gun, and tail them to be non-violent." ited North Vietnam from May 14 to June »ill never lay down their arm« until where he set a college record for the starving,persecuted people of the South Gregory also •••• how th« present 21,the strateev of hitting directly at Vietnam 1» ladependent. half-mile (1:54.1). and»hen Hanoi,still placing confidence uproar among whit« politicians and po­ civilians,their agriculture and insti­ ll«« chief» about "law and order" is a After college and the Amy h« decided tutions has sharply iroreassd during th« weapon to be used «gainst black people on »how business, and ultimately made lt so-called "de-escalation" period. The. fighting for their right». "'Crim» in aa a night club comedian earning $5,000 Guardian reports that "more bombs than th« street«' is America's new way of a week. But being rich and famous was had been dropped previously cm the whole •{flag nigg»r", h. »ay«. "It ia tragi­ not meaningful or satisfying to him. URV population «re now being concentra­ cally ifohio that the »cm» people who "I learned early in life," he says, ted on 25* of th» population-«. 5 million dvmahd law and order in our city streets "the corruption of the capitalistic sys­ persons in the heavily populated areas »I« th« _8»t «rdent supporters of Améri­ tem. Capitalism respects only wealth, south of the 20th parallel." Thus «• DEAR MR. HARRIMAN, cain denial of law and order in Vietnam." not human values. I was making big find an escalation both of th« density (A letter to th« chief American negotiator at th« Pari» talk».) Gregory advocates immediate withdrawal money and I was 'respected.' In reality, and masslvlty of attacks as wall as of of U.S. troops from Vietnam* He is now my money was respected and I was only the terrorization or the populace. We the American deserter« and draft résister» in Sweden feel a personal in­ engaged in his second major fast in pro­ tolerated." He gave up most of his club volvement in the Vietnam war, because In waging it, the United States govern­ engagements several years ago and began In the face of this non-existent "de- test against the war. During his first ment and military claim to "represent the American people, and therefore to devoting more and more of his time to escalation," Johnson has the audacity fast h« went for forty day», from Thanks­ represent us. But we have chosen not to be represented in such s brutal way, the civil rights movement, participating to demand that m« DSV "not take advan­ giving until N»w T»ar'», on nothing but and for this reason we have broken off our association with the US military. in marche», démonstrations, and giving tage" of the situation. This ambiguous distilled w.t.r. Hi» pr»»»nt fait will We speak for ourselves, but we also speak for hundreds and thousands of oth.r ape»oh»s »11 over the country. requirement-seems to have different in­ laat until after .Lotion day. He ha» American, servicemen throughout the world, who we are confident »hare tho.« Now thet he 1» using his intelligence terpretations, depending on whom you also refueed to »hav», out hi» h»lr, same feelings. They are kept from following us in our act of desertion not buy new clothes until the war in Vietnam and talent for political and social talk to: that troops should leave the by any lack of conviction, but by fear, Intimidation, and external reetraints is over. "Our Vietnam policy illustrate« purposes to help the oppressed, rather i)«Z, that they should leave Laos, that placed upon them by agencies of the. US government and military. For without , tha insanity of this nation," ..y. Gr»- than to incre.ee his own profit, Gregory they should not increase supplies to • brutal .repression the armed forces, ofthe.United States would crumble. . gory. "We go across the world to Vietnam^ has irritated and frightened a number the NLF,or even that they should some­ ; .10,000 miles away, pretending to do eon- of people who want to keep chinas the how prevent the offensives to the South. The' war' in Vietnam/is. dfiatr,oying 'th^ moral fiber of Aswrican youth» Th« thing for a foraign p.ople, yet w. h«ve way tbey are right now. President In short, from the US point of view, duplicity, hypocrisy, and cynical lies proferred daily by the White House and. an .Indian in thi» country who 1» wore» Johnson refueed Gregory a briefing on North Vietnam will always be "taking the Pentagon are beyond even an idiot's credulity, and thus these youth must off on his reservation than the Vlatnaaea» forelfn .flairs which he granted to six advantage" of the situation somewhere, seek new standards, and these new standards require personal renunciation of . have ever been." During the D»»oor»tio other oandJdate», and Alalbama's Georg somehow. The demand serves only to the United States' war machine. ' ' •" ' .'•'-;'•}'• ,''.'"•' '• party convention in ChlcaFO thi» Au(u»t, other oandidete», and Alabama's George camouflage American escalation nd make The.United States involvement In Vietnam is based on a legion of lies, and •'" Gregory wa» in th» for»front of th» W.ll.ce ha» been quoted as saying, "I the URV appear to be resisting peace as the war drags, on,..the. more, clearly are these lies revealed, >iany of us :, don't think he's funny. 0t any more." efforts. have been, in Vietnam, and have discovered these lies .for ourselves. We have The second demand the US makes upon fought, for' ."freedom, and'dsmocracy," and we' bavé discovered how fala« these the DHV in exchange for American re­ concepts area ^when mouthed- by '•' seedy politicians in Washington' and stalwart straint is a "gesture" of response, or first- sergeants, in Khe'San, Dak Tu, Chu Lai, and Saigon. Victor-Charley - some kind of "reciprocity." Here again the ruthless, inscrutable, Communist barbarian, he also have we seen. We hav« we find the same ambiguity. Just what seen him as a prisoner of war, tprtS»d to death before he would betray the, is a "reasonable response," bearing in secrets of his people. We have seen Him In the fields, trying to eke out .his mind the total onesidedness of the US existence in a war-torn land. •/« have seen him on the streets of Saigon, air war against the DEV? That small peddling his bicycle. His age is from »ix to »ixty, he is aal» and female, nation 1s not engaged in dropping bombs all shapes and sizes, and the only distinguishing feature is the color of over Georgia or New York or Tennessee; his skin. We have often killed him on the battlefields, napalmed him in his our civilians ar« not being burned to villages, tortured him without mercy. But. there is one thing we have not done death, our fields are not pitted with to Charley - we have not defeated him. And we have not defeated him because shrapnel, our homes and factories are of his indomitable spirit. not 3>lng up in flames,we are not forced W« have witnessed that spirit many times.. And we have come. to respect it. to establish underground roadways, We respected it because we did not possess it. Our participation in th« war hospitals, schools. To ask the North in Vietnam was forced on us by threats,, coercion, and repressiv« measures. Vietnamese to reciprocate when we stop If we had not followed our orders we would have been subject to harsh penal­ bombing her territory 1» to imply that ties. But such was not the case with Victor-Charley... Our morale was at its she is attacking our territory. nadir despite all efforts of the propaganda, machine, whereas .Charley never seemed to waver in his dedication to his cause. How many Americans in Vietnam However,even more Jnfurlating is the would endure torture unto death without divulEinß Inf orraation? How many Amer­ refusal of the Administration to accept icans in Vietnam would be able to withstand a far superior technological war the gestures which DRV and NLF soldiers apparatus? These things would require a much more fervent devotion to duty have made since «arch 31, or to regard than we possessed. And why did we not possess this devotion? Because we wit­ them as evidence of weakness. For in­ nessed first-hand the hypocrisy of the empty ideals of our military indoctri­ stance, towards the beginning of the nation, and the odiousness of our involvement in Vietnam. And this should Paris talks, the NIF reduced their at­ indeed be a cause for worry for all the US Administration. Because more tacks on Khe Sana, allowing American« troops in Vietnam are seeing for themselves the atrooities committed there In to bring up r«inforc«mente and buttress the name of platitude. And how many more will follow us despite all your their position. But in June the NLF measures of repression, your terrorism, and the benighted ignoranoe with which recaptured Khe Sanh.for the US had re­ your propaganda and censorship seeks to enshroud our minds. garded the restraint not as a gesture, but as a sign of defeat by the enemy. What clearer indication could American American Deserters Committee negotiators have asked ibr than the re­ c/o Verdandl cent two-month lull in fighting in the Götgatan 73 South? However, this gesture too was Stockholm SO ^A. M. d— - Bo^ -W - %ih £"--_-, -Wa? pre/ pc+é£i

•»•*• M ^ JZ'2S^( Where 1rs At A NEWSPAPER OF COMMON SENSE AND SURVIVAL FOR GI'S (UMOJA)

On Oct. 17, 1968, in Mexico City, rhetoric to the contrary, i« signi­ dual«? nation« usa individuals to the 1936 Berlin names, Brundage put as the ayes of the world focused on ficant. Anyone who followed th» further their own politioal ends - together a suooessful team, after the Olympic Games, two proud black Olympics can tall you whether th« but Just let an individual express which he was elected to the Inter­ men, 1st and 3rd place winner« of United states or Russia or rranoa 61s politioal views, and the na­ national Olympic Committee, depos­ the 200-meter dash, stood on the or Ouba wan a certain avant, or how tion» yalli r'OÜX! ! ing American Ernest Jahncke who had pedestal of honor with raised,blaok- many gold, silver and brome nodal« Tommy Smith and John Carlos were supported the proposed American gloved fists and bowed heads in cou­ each country won. But if one asks »ent home by tha Amerloan Olympic rageous protest against raoial dis­ boycott. Brundage was then dumped what tha athlete's name was or race team officials ^fter the entire from his U.S. athletic position as crimination in the United States. or education, it would be quite team was censured for the "politi­ The raised, black-gloved fist has head of the AAU and has remained clear that personal aohlavament and oal" use of tha Olympics by the with the IOC ever since. Brundage become the symbol of the Black Pow­ success in the Olyapios ara seen er movement. After the initial blaok Turners, it was a «urprlse has always claimed that he support­ primarily in a politlon.l-nation.l- for many people that the American ed the Jews against Hitler and that protest of runners Tommy Smith and istic light. Tha Olympic partici­ John Carlos, which sent shock wave: blaok athletes participated at all he fought racial discrimination all pant« ar« oonaoloualy or uncon­ because of the proposed black boy- his life. But what are the faots? through the U.S. State Dept. and sciously expressing th« politioal evoked praise from many oountries, oott of the Olympics. The boycott Before the 1936 Games, Sam Stoller, ideology of their respective coun­ was intended to bring to public at­ a Jewish sprinter from Michigan, other runners followed suit by dem­ tries. V« all know that a vlotory onstrating the depth of solidarity tention the true situation of blacks was dropped from the 400-meter re­ by a tn«mbar of tha U.S. ulymplo In America and particularly the way lay team and replaced by a gentile and unrest among black athletes. taam la alao a vlotory for tha dog- Three members of a U.S. relay teaa In whioh blaok athletes are exploit­ who ran considerably slower. mounted the pedestal of honor wear­ oaa of tha Western world-the demo- ed. After being sent home, John r"aoed with a black boycott this ing blaok berets, also a symbol of oratlo prooeaa, eleotoral politics, Carlos ir an interview warned, "Tf year, Brundage expressed himself Black Power, and blaok socks, sym­ th« capitalist «jat«_ or exploita­ thing» don't ohange by 1972, they just S3 forcefully as in 1936 by bol of poverty of the Amerloan tion, and appl« pi« and -.Motherhood are going to be running around a insisting on the politically neu­ ghettos. Keino of Kenya, wearing a and vlo« v«r«a, that fro« a Russian flaming stadium...and there'll be tral character which the Olympios broad grin and wagging one finger • tandpolnt •« vlotory by a a«ab«r of no Games in 1976. Everywhere else must uphold. In response to the in they breeze, took an extra lap of the Russian Olympic ream is a vic­ we're treated with respect...We blaok athletes who proposed the honour around the stadium after tory for the East European oountriey oome back here, we're treated like boycott, Brundage said they were vioninff thf» 1^00 meter rrc«. A* "misguided young men" who were "be­ reported by the London Times, "The lüg badly uiisadv-issed", and then wagging of one finger is symbolic went on, "If these boys are seri­ It means Umoja, Swahili for unity. ous, they're making a very bad mis­ It was introduced by President K«n- take. If they're not serious and yatta and is used at politioal ral­ they're using the Olympio GameB for lies to demonstrate unity. It is \ publicity pruposeâ, we don't like the Kenya equivalent to a V-sign. lt." It was in a way a Blaok Power sa­ The Avery Brundage racist equiv­ lute, Kenya style." alent was again present on the U.S. Olympio team in the person of Pay- Let's take a look at the soene ton Jordan, America's Olympic track of this year's Olympic Games. Mex­ coaoh and head track coaoh at Stan­ ico is a country where poverty runs ford University. Although profess­ rampant. By giving Mexico City a ing not to be racist, he is openly face-lifting job in preparation for opposed to th« stated Stanford Uni- the Olympic Games, the government polioy of aotively recruiting Negro tried to conceal from the world students. His track team is the with a facade of steel and stucco only athletic team at the school the real misery of the masses and to project the image of a model K* J^^V whioh does not inolude a negro Latin American country. Using the scholarship holder. "I will never" Games to try to create an illusion Jordan has said, "make a special of political content and flourish­ effort to recruit colored boys, ing prosperity is reminiscent of that would be discriminating a- 1936 and Hitler's attempt to use 1 gainst whites." the Berlin Games to further his His demand for conformity from nationalistic ambitions for Ger­ all his athletes (white included; many. But the Mexican attempt was is exceeded only by his red, white, shattered when high school and uni­ and blue perspective on all forms versity students decided to use the of dissent. He is known to have coming Olympics to expose the true expelled a record-setting sprinter from England because he refused to nature of the oountry a police cut his long hair. Jordan also has state by carrying the grievances interesting views on who is respon­ of the population into the streets. The focus of these grievances was sible for the black boycott. He is the utter poverty of the masses, e- 1 quoted to have said about Harry Ed­ ven though certain economic advan­ Tf" f ( _,- wards, the black sociology teacher ces have been made and a small por­ from San Jose State who was the tion of the population has been a- f"Tfi m spokesman of the Olympio boycott, ble to improve its standard of liv­ "I've been reading material by the ing. In response to the demonstra­ House Committee on Un-Amerioan Ac­ tions, the government sent in the for Socialism, the olassless socie­ dogs.." After winning the gold med­ tivities, and I can see that Ed­ polioe to take over the schools and ty, rule by the working class, na­ al in the I960 Olympics, for in­ wards is a commie. And I wouldn't universities, which had for years tional ownership of industry, and stance, huhamed Ali, then Cassius be surprised if Tommle Smith and been autonomous. This esoalation equality for all those who toe the (Jlay, was refused service in a res­ Lee Evans were also communists...If by the polioe was countered by re­ party ljne. Because every country taurant in his home town of Louis­ Edwards wanted to go to Russia, I'd newed efforts of the students, views the Olympics as a chance to ville, Kentucky. give him 1500 dollars out of my own which were in turn replied to by pocket." This direct connection further fts form of government or The proposed boycott of this the deployment of more police, e- foreign policy through victories by between a black boycott of the 0- mergenoy riot police and finally year's Olympic Games reminds one of lympics to reveal the real plight its team members, all countries the intended 193° boycott by the the army. The unrestrained and tend to overlook the fact of poli­ of the American black and communism brutal attack of the army in their Jews to focus world attention on shows Jordan's inability and un­ tically using the Games. But what their plight under Hitler. The "olean~up campaign" against the this really means is that—ne—per-. willingness to see the real injus­ students had obviously been calcu­ sonal politics or minority group* United states was asked by numerous tices in American life. And he is lated and planned long in advance. politic«^ shall ber tolerated. It is religious organizatlons-and not on­ not alone in his political narrow- So effective were the police's perfectly acceptable for an athlet ly Jewish ones-to also boycott the mindedness. methods that Mexico City lived in to defend U.S. aggression in Viet­ 1936 Games to support the Jewish The U.S. Olympio team, headed by à cause. The U.S. after being pres­ relative peace during the Olympic nam, but just let him question the Jordan, was censured by thé Inter­ Games. Almost before the Olympic us« of napalm and chemical warfare sured by Avery Brundage, the former national Olympio Committee, headed flame was extinguished, the state and then he is accused of having president of the U.S. Olympic Com­ byAvery Brundage, who demanded that of terror and brutality began a- viol»tad the non-political image mittee, on the grounds that, as Tommy Smith and John Carlos be dis­ gain. ~uch was the wobbly peace of the Olympics. Doesn't it seem Brundage said in 1935, "Jews must ciplined for their "political" dem­ in i-iexico City. hypoorltical that the right of po­ understand that they can not use onstration (Their politics didn't litioal expression is reserved for these Games as a weapon in their agree with the politics of Brundage The role of politics in the national bodies and denied indivi- boycott against the Wazis." In Olympic Games, despite official v*^A spite of extensive opposition to CONTINUED ON PAGE 4 »> *T^- irtKfe. y* foli^ UHJÖL.. f4^t GI'S PASSTHIETWO R NOT ALL GET A BUST

he word has been filtering in to us ut refusal to ship out to nam is by no highly undesirable impact on military disci­ from GIs that it's tough shit in there, means the only way in whioh GIs are pline if armed forces personnel are permitted that the military dishes out all the voicing their objections to the war. to demonstrate in uniform against national Tharassment a guy oan stand. That some Many are simply insisting upon their defense policies with Impunity." A oopy of oats in there are really uptight. We "ve been B constitutional rights of free speech. One the above telegram by an unknown GI at the following reports from bases around the globe, airman at Carswell AFB, Texas, Thomas F. Gib Pentagon was sent to The Ally at Berkeley, and it's always the same story. bons, refused to remove a McCarthy button Calif., an anti-war newspaper for Sis. ot that this oomes as a surprise to any­ from his uniform. After being court-mar­ ut the brass went even further in it» one. Not every military system has to tialed, he was then given an honorable dis­ attempt to "get" Lt. Hugh Smith. First be so repressive, but the Amerloan one unargcharge tbefor e his tour was up. they removed him from his post as a does. After all, how many oats are go­ arine Lt. Col. William R. Corson, oomputer data processing supervisor. Ning to volunteer for nam - or for Guatemala, wrote a book about American policy in B Then they put him in charge of lawn detail at Bolivia, or Cambodia, when the time oomes - Vietnam. He scheduled the publishing Hamilton AFB. Then they issued hia transfer seein" as how a seleot few are getting oh-so- date for July 1, one day after his orders to Taiwan. Only a Federal Court in­ rich baok home while thousands of guys are Mtirement from the service. The brass then junction issued by Supreme Court Justioe getting their asses blown off in Nam and postponed his retirement pending court-mar William 0. Douglas stopped the AF from ship­ their parents are paying more inooma t&x to tial investigation. However, Col. Corson ping Smith off. Smith olaimed he was "fraud­ boot. subsequently retired on time with only a non ulently induced" to enlist in the reserves in f oourse, there are always «om« mis­ judicial reprimand. His book, The Betrayal, the first place, as they had than told him ha guided souls who volunteer to be lack­ is now selling like hotcakes. could be 'called to active duty only in case eys for the privileged few, but they n both oorson's and Gibbon's £ses, the of a declared war, of national emergenoy, or have been mercilessly brainwashed. Brass most likely baoked dawnAecause they of failure to perform his reservist duties. Ofor the most part, the brass knows it must didn't want a confrontation i» civilian ther attempts to screw the maroh were maintain iron-olad discipline in order to courts of appeal between the rights of ft' squeloh any spark of dissent before it turns I an order from the D0D forbidding ser­ free speech and military repression of those into a wildfire. vicemen to wear uniforms in any demon­ rights. Up to this time, no suoh confronta­ stration advocating opposition to the ha bras» knows the score. That's why tion has occurred in the courts. But it's O Vietnam War. Airman 1st class Michael R. they insist that you keep your mouth only a matter of time until it does. The re­ Looks, one of the organizers with Smith, was SHUT! That's why the brass is now pros­ sults will have an impact on all GIs. More personally told that he would get up to 3 ecuting hundreds of men for simply ex­ about this next time. years at hard labor if he wore his uniform in Tercising their constitutional rights as citi­ apt. Noyd, however, who refused to the maroh, but he wore it anyway, responding, zens of the united States. train pilots for Vietnam, and Capt. "I'm proud to wear my uniform for peaoe." ecause it has to. If it allowed you to Levy, who refused to train Special The Presidio Army Base held mandatory com­ speak freely, that'd be the end of C Forces medios, did not get off so ea­ pany formations every 2 hours throughout Sat. blind obedience to oriminal orders. So sily. Boyd is presently serving a year's to prevent men from joining the protest. Ma­ we're not saying, Let's reform the U.S. hard labor, loss of pay and allowances, while neuvers were also held at many West Coast ba­ BArmed Services. We're sayin', you can't re- Levy is now under a 3-year sentence at hard ses on Oct. 12, Columbus Day, the day of the form it as long as it continues to enforce labor, and has been dismissed from the ser­ maroh. its will on suppressed peoples at home and vice. He may decide to carry his case to the hy did Lt. Smith pose such a threat to abroad. But hold onl It's not really a no- U.S. Court of Military Appeals. the military? The issues he raised by exit scene. Whether or not the Military is econd Lt. Henry H. Howe, Jr., was sen­ organizing this protest were serious 1 willing and able to give you your rights, tenced to 2 years at hard labor (later the arbitrary use of military power by you're still legally entitled to take them. reduced to one year) because of charges W generals; the right of GIs to organize them­ Bot only that, but hundreds of GIs are de­ of "conduct unbecoming an offioer" and selves around very basic issues; such as sal­ manding and getting their rights. Susing "contemptuous words against the Presi­ ary grievances; the right of freedom of hioh is what this series of articles dent." He had carried a sign which read, speech that all Americans have, including is going to be all about. We'll be "Let's Have More Than a Choice Between Petty those in the military. keeping GIs up to date on the latest Ignorant Fascists in 1968"and"End Johnson uring the rally, former Master Sgt. in military repression, on violations Fasoist Aggression in Vietnam." Donald Duncan referred to the large Wof servicemen's rights and how they're fight­ orty-one black soldiers who refused to numbers of servicemen now in stockades ing baok. Often these cases never reach tha go to Chicago for riot duty during the because of their opposition to the war publie eye. The Military and the Press hush Democratic Convention in August ( See D in Vietnam or their refusal to go there. He them up. The GI only learns about them WHERE IT'S AT, No. 3 ) were charged with also mentioned the many anonymous men whose through letters from soldiers to GI newspa­ F "willful disobedience of a lawful command of lives are stained because of dishonorable pers, or from soldiers themselves. a superior commissioned officer" after they discharges received after opposition to the ne way to stop the brass from curtail­ refused to disperse from an all-night protest war. Duncan suggested that the news media ing your rights is to first of all meeting. The word on their situation up to could do a great service by releasing statis­ know what's happened to lots of other now is that the sentences of those tried and tics on the numbers of men in stockades and GIs. (You'll also disoover you're not oonvioted have been fairly light - ranging •en with dishonorable discharges. O from one month at hard labor to bad conduct alone.) You oan help get the word out to GIs hat this all goes to show is that by writing to us ( SUS, 1 Berlin 12, Postfach discharges. servicemen are not putting up with 65 ) or by ooming to see us ( 1 Berlin 12, he Amerloan Servicemen's Union ( ASU ), all this shit any longer. Their pro­ niebuhr Strasse 64 ). (Of oourse you'll re­ working with the Emergency Civil Liber­ tests are getting out of hand, and main anonymous. ) We'll see to it that Amer­ ties Committee in n.Y., secured a looal W the military is clamping down, because it ican soldiers based all over the world get a attorney for the GIs after MPs broke up oannot tolerate dissent and still survive ohanoe to read about your hassles and learn Tthe protest. According to one observer, the in its present form. But a guy'.s humanity from your experience. resisters were brutally clubbed by (white) cannot survive if he continues to let him­ ne of the first big confrontations be­ MPs in an attempt to get them to disperse. self be used as a pawn by those committing tween GIs and the brass took plaoe in n Oct. 12, 1968, in San Francisco, inhuman atrocities in his name. That's why 1966 when the fort Hood Three refused over 7,000 people including about servicemen must defend, and are defending, to go to nam. They were sentenced to 1,000 soldiers and veterans marched in their legal rights in the military. Oprison and have subsequently become heroes to the first demonstration ever to be or­ O ne last oase to be noted: According thousands of EMs. This Ootober they were all ganized by GIs themselves against the war in to the Hew York Times, SP/4 John Allen released, met by cheering crowds. Last year Vietnam. The chief organizer, Reserve Air Myers of fort Dix was court-martialed Pvt. Mora wrote from prison in Fort Leaven­ Force Lt. Hugh Smith, said the purpose of the Ootober 1 on charges of violating a worth, "It has been 95 days sinoe we were demonstration was "to get the largest turnout Opost regulation prohibiting the distribution asked to go to a 'non-lethal' Asian murder. of GIs we possibly öould and establish, per­ of literature whioh is "prajudloial to good 1 oan honestly say that I am 95 times as con­ haps for the first time in history, that GIs order or discipline, subversive, or contrary vinced of the justness and Tightness of my have rights." to the best interests" of the military estab­ deoision." mith also stated that the demonstration lishment. Specialist Myers, a 26-year-old- ince The Three, there have been hun­ should show GIs that they are not alone draftee, was aoquitted beoause of "insuffi­ dreds of oases where GIs individually in opposing the war. About 200 active- cient evidence" for a conviction. Tho leaf­ or collectively have tried to assert duty GIs led the march, followed by lets he had distributed were entitled "Sup­ S port Our Men in Vietnam, Mot Those Who Send their rights in the face of military about 100 reservists and 7u0 veterans. GIs Srepression. Their aots have been varied, and carried signs reading "Free Speech for GIs" Them There," and called for the Immediate re­ military response has not been consistent. and "Bring Them Home Now." turn of American troops from Vietnam. Perhaps by looking at some of these oases, we t the rally, Army Brig. Gen. Hugh Hes­ fter the trial, Spec. Myers said that oan figure out some things useful for surviv­ ter, 73 (^retired; said, "It takes as he had handed out the leaflet» beoause al and sanity in the Armed Forces. muoh courage to oppose the power es­ he wanted GIs to have the same consti­ ust this summer another group of men, who A tablishment of the United States as A tutional rights as civilians. He da- beoame known as The nine for Peaoe, pub- it does to face enemy bullets." nied advocating disobedience of military or­ lioly announoed their resignations and ut the brass didn't take all of this ders. "The Army is only carrying out the po­ J ohalned themselves to pastors or priests lying down. Everything was done to licy of the politioal leaders," he said. "I in Howard Presbyterian Church in San Franois- disoourage the marchers from taking favor denying support to those politioal 00 and St. Andrew's Presbyterian Churoh in part. Military Airlift Command Chief leaders." Marin City, Calif. The latest information we B Gen.Estes relayed an unclassified message to When asked if he would do it again, he re­ have been able to get is that two of them the Pentagon to Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. plied with a grin, "I'm not going to make any have been found guilty, and at least one of McConnell, in whioh was stated that "This promises to violate order»." them, Army Pvt. Chuck Jones, was sentenced to demonstration should be quashed if possible If convicted, he oould have been reduoed 2 years confinement. Another of the Mine, because of possible severe impact on military in grade to private, with the loss of. 2/3 of James Seymour from Deer Park, N.Y., stated, discipline throughout the services. There is his pay for one month and a sentence of 30 "I was inducted into the army unknowing of no AFR specifically proscribing this type of days at hard labor. what my 'duty' was. Is it my duty to serve activity. AFR 35-78 is pointed solely to The Emergency Civil Liberties Committee of as a mindless animal, as a killer, as a tool civil rights demonstrations, since there are M.Ï. brought suit in the Federal District in the hands of madmen? I say NO." Still national policy considerations in such an or­ Court in Trenton, seeking to have the post another, Oliver Hirsch of Wash. D.O., wrote der it should emanate from D0D (.Dept. of De­ regulation on leaflets deolared unconstitu­ in a letter to his parents: "America is gen­ fense) or at least Air Force level. I recom­ tional. erated by fear, -by paranoia. Because of the mend this be done at once so that Smith will Another Fort Dix soldier, Pfo. Tarrenoe Communist threat, we are becoming fascists; realize that if he proceeds he subjects him­ Gorman, who was also aooused of handing out because of the anarchists threat we are be­ self with oertalnty to criminal punitive ac­ the leaflets, eleoted to take oompany punish­ coming butchers. Whioh is better? Whioh tion. ment instead of going before a summary court should one choose? I've just finished the "In the absence of a regulation or order martial. He was reduoed in grade to the rank Truman Doctrine in whioh he divides the world of private. into two poles; communist (repressive, sup­ specifically prohibiting suoh aotivity, be­ pressive, aggressive) and the American (free, lieve any criminal prosecution would be ten­ n each of the above oase» th» military ap­ demooratio, tolerant). But applying his def­ uous to say the least, particularly in view paratus undertook repressive measures of initions, I see the Amerioa in whioh I live of the political climate of the day. different sorts in an attempt to intimi­ described perfectly - but as the communist ^!% • f the foregoing is unattainable, I I date or punish the»» men. lt 1» important pole. Wa've become what we despise, and yet I reluctantly recommend that we be giv- to realize the two-prong»d effect of suoh re­ we don't see it. 'But son, if you talked I en authority to proceed with dispatch pressive acts: the Armed Foroes, if suooess- like that in Russia, you'd be imprisoned or • with the AFR 36-3 action...I realize ful, not only oonvenlently gets rid of the killed.' Today, I've been imprisoned. Ten this would result in a discharge under honor­ individual "trouble maker"| far more impor­ years from now...?" able conditions, but the disposition of Smith tant, all potential dl»«»nt»r» ar» intimida­ is relatively unimportant as compared to the ted. The system make» «xumpl«« out of indi- viduals in ord«r to lnaplr« l'»er and produo« informing yourself. Of learning exactly who submission and resignation In «oldl«r» in runs America and for whose benefit. Of getting general. The military «yatam thereby not on­ clarity about how we and the majority of ly prevents servioem.n from exerolalng their ONE DEAD Americans are deprived of our rights. Of constitutional rights; it «ap« th«m of th« learning about the groups that have begun to will to do so. fight for their rights, for example: tha ow do th« EM respond? Wall, aa you'va Black Panthara and the Students for a Demo­ seen from this artiul«, the rewpona«« 27 WOUNDED cratic gociety. are many and varied. Dy knowing what Begin work with progressive groups before H other GIs are going through, you oan you get those walking paper». A Berlin SDS know what you're up againat in your own A diasenter in the U.S. Army must be pre­ group put» out th» paper you are now reading. struggle. So the question« that follow this In short, get out of tha army, and work article have to be asked and an«w«r«d. In pared to pay • high price for hi» nonconform- ism. Some 27 GIs, friends and acquaintances for tho day you oan fight for your rights, the next issue we'll hive a go at them. In with a chanoe of winning. the meantime, help us tell lt like it U by of Richard Bunch, a 19-year-old enlistee, recently discovered this harsh fact. In tha meantima you oan keep yourself writing us how you got busted and what you better informed by taking advantage of tha did about it. Bunch, who was said to be mentally dis­ turbed, was shot and killed Oct. 11 by a guard GUARDIAn'a new dollar-a-yaar offer for GI». Questions at San Francisco's Presidio stockade while For address see oolumn one on thi» page. allegedly trying to escape from a work detail. 1. What are the actual legal rights of the He »as in the stockade for having gone AWOL serviceman? Praotioally speaking, what some months be fore. do these rights mean? That is, what oan the GI do and not do within the bounda­ The 27 GIs, stating- that the killing was unjustified, staged a sit-down protest three ries of these rights? daya later to call attention to the murder BRASS LOSES 2. In suppressing these rights, how far oan and to protest the grim conditions at the i'ho army brass just lost tho 6th Infantry the military go? Where is it foroed to Presidio. They were arrested, charged with Division. The whole thing happened at Fort stop - and why? mutiny, and now face possible death senten­ Campbell, Kentucky. Last Deoembar tha unit ces. What recourse does a (;I have after his was reactivated, and the Bras» were planning rights have been violated? To what ex­ Bunch-or "Rusty" as his friends called him to »hip the troops baok to the Mam. tent can he rely on oivillan groups to «as a "sensitive and religious boy," Mrs. Leon That's when the trouble started. Pentagon help him? How can he get in touch with Bunch recounted, and his first year of mili­ desk jookies got th» bright id.a to mix oil these groups? tary service was without blemish. Then he was and water, in this case, tha oil ware a bunoh transferred to Ft. Lewis in Washington state of slick oandy-assed 2nd Lt'» freah from OCS GIs ACT, o/o Jean Paul Sartre and "something happened". and HOTC. Add to that mas» a group of oombat- BP 130, ParlB, Franoe No one is quite sure, but he apparently trained Mam veterans and it »imply won't mix. suffered a nervous breakdown. He went AWOL It may sound funny to a lot of people, when THE ALLY and drifted to the Bay;, Area where he lived thay hear those young Lieutenant» out there in Box 9276 as a hippie for several months. He returned the field giving the order» on how to fir» Berkeley, Calif. 94709 to Dayton in May and announced to his family those weapon» and move those troop», but th» that he had been twice reincarnated and could man in tha fiald didn't think it waa funny THE BOND fly like a bird. listening to that ohickenshlt classroom stuff, Room 633 Within a few days, after it had become and they let people know about it. 156 Fifth Ave. N.Y.,M.Y. 10010 clear that her son was out of reality, Mrs. The field training exercises wer» bad Bunch sought help from the military. (Civ­ THE GUARDIAN enough, but riot control training really fi­ ilian hospitals refused to treat the young GI nished things. Morale was so bad and tension 197 East 4th Street because he was AWOL.) MPs showed up and New York, M.T. 10009 so high among the EM'S that th» offioial re­ huatled him «way. Shortly, the Bunch family activation exeroise», whioh had been planned THE SECOND JTRONT received a form letter reporting that Richard for May, had to be put off. By July, the word waa in the atockade at Ft. Meade, Md.. men­ Amerloan Deserter's Committee finally got through tha Brass's skull (and tal help wa« promised but ther« was no public that ain't no easy job) that tha EM'a vara 0/0 Verdandl record of Richard receiving any treatment. Götgatan 73, Stockholm not going to play tha game, at least th» At »OH point during the summer the troub­ way they were supposed to. So orders oama VETERANS STARS - STRIPES FOR PEACE led young man was transferred to the Presidio down (or did thay go in tha other direotion P.O. Box 4598 atockade. His family was not notified. Hi« this time) from the top to just give up. Chicago, 111. 60680 condition «aa unchanged. Fellow prisoners That wa» the game. You know the »oore: reported that he frequently talked to himself. VIETNAM GI His thoughts turned to death and he asked one Army: 0; En's: 1 P.O. Box 9273 inmate about «ays of committing suicide. Chioago, 111. 60690 On Oct. 11, the day before the 01 pe«c« march here, Richard was part of a «ork detail. During that morning he »aln.«d up to one of the guarda. A prisoner heard him «sk the /l*** &*+»*&? ^ guard: _l I run will you kill m» ?" What TOP BRASS the guard answered is unknown, but Richard ran. A blast from a shot gun smashed into the base A black officer, drawing on twenty years of of his skull and he fell dead. experience with th« Army, recently cam« to a On hia bunk was found a scribbled suicide conclusion which is bound to disillusion two note that aaid in part: "Well if you're not larg« groups of Am«rican». That conclusion: going to give me love «t leaat do me the Th« Army is a racist organization denying favor of eoaplete elimination. One click and Justic« and •quality. The two group»: Whit« it'a over. " Liberals, «ho hav« been harping on th» th«_» On th« morning of Oct. 14 th« atockad» of th« military paradise sine« World War II; inaat«« «.r. huatlad ouaide for morning roll and draft-ag« blacks, who hav« preferred th« call and aaaignment to work detaila. When the hardships of th« military to th« shafts of firat name on the list waa called, 27 men southern and ghetto-style oppression. anawered in unlaon "Her« I" Immediately thay On October 13, Major Lavell Merritt.forty- aat down on the lawn, locked arms and began year-old information officer on th« staff of singing "We shall Overcoma" »nd "Freedom th« Military Assistance Command in Saigon, de­ No«." They demanded to »ee the stockade com­ clared in an eight pag« statement that he was mander, a 25-year-old captain. When he app­ f« eared tha angry men read him a list of griev­ "f«d up". Not restricting himself to a merely ances and demanded an investigstion into the individual protest, he called on other black killing of young Bunch. officers to recognize that they too had been denied equal rights and urged them to "begin Confusion and shouting followed, and the commander apparently tried to read a direct acting Ilk« men". According to Major Merritt order to the protesting soldiers. When "the blaok military officer group is the this had no effect, he then read them Article largest collection of identifiable accommoda- 9** of the Uniform Code of Military Justice tionaliata" (that is, Uncle Toms). which refers to the charge of mutiny. MPs Th« Army, wounded in a vital spot .immedia­ were called in and the men were physically tely cranked up tha propaganda machine in an carried back into the prison building and pla­ attempt to turn this basically political pro­ ced in isolation. Later, they were formally test into a sour grapes story: the "US Com­ charged with mutiny. mand" hinted that Merritt's "anger" (1) might at«m from his having been passed over A high price indeed. The cost of dissent twice for promotion. in San Francisco: one man murdered and 27 Sour grapes? Perhaps. But doesn't promo­ men threatened with a death sentence max­ imum—in trials run b^ and for the officers. tion usually follow high efficiency reports? Aa Merritt says, "Iwas abl« to get a good The lesson to be drawn is two-fold. The efficiency report from a racist because I had first point and one which does not have to be "It is no accident that the U.S. government been a good nigger." But apparently the re­ spelled out to anyone who has spent more that wards for being a "good nigger" don't include 6 months in the Army: The military establish­ is sending all those blaok troops to Vietnam. ment is a brutal system of total control. In promotion. its confines decent and human life is imposs­ Some people think that Aermloa's point in If black officers are beginning to see ible. The military establishment must be through the Army's democratic facade, it ie destroyed. certain that black draftees, who after all sending 16 peroent blaok troops to Vietnam is ar« farther up th« creek, will, soon be resis­ Second point: where to begin? Here; we must ting (as in fact has been happening in Viet­ first make a distinction between Individual to kill off the cream of blaok youth. But it nam, where blacks ar« forcing th« Army to gestures of conscience and collective polit­ confront their "racial" grievances). ical activity. Unconditionally,we respect and has another important result. By turning her support those who make a personal stand against It ia becoming clear that th« alternative- the military and its role in the world, for blaok troops into butchers of the Vietnamese getting lynched in Mississippi or shot In th« example: refusal to serve in Vietnam; but we Mekong delta-, which whit« liberals are so are primarily concerned with the average sol­ people, America is spreading hate against the fond of serving up to blacks, is no longer diers situation in Berlin and Europe and with tempting: In Vietnam as well as th« US the his possibilities for effective political black race throughout Asia. Even blaok Afri­ poor ar« being killed so that the rich might action. k««p (and increase l ) their wealth a little longer. Yet, lest the Haves become too smug We do not believe, at the moment, that an cans find it hard not to hate blaok Amerloan» about having pulled a fast one, Newark, effective political opposition can be organ­ Detroit, etc. hav« shown that would-be ized inside the army system. The opposition for being so stupid as to allow themselves to cannon fodder wields a double-edged sword. forces are as yet too smsll, too weak, and And that American liberalism could bring too scattered about. The military maschine, be used to slaughter another people who are itself to prefer Vietnam to Mississippi, on the other hand, can use any force to stop just proves that in its old age it has be­ the beginning of a democratic movement. There­ fighting to be free. Blaok Amerloan» are con­ come as corrupt as it is senil«. fore the temporary strength of the military pigs; must be the deciding factor. sidered to be the world's biggest fool» to go To Whom It May Concern: Merritt checked W« prefer guerilla tactics: Bide your time up with th« Judge Advocate General's office at the enemy's strong point; Strike at the to another country to fight for something (JAG) and was adviaed by two lawyers that he enemy's weak point. waa within his rights in making the chargea. At the moment, it's primarily a question of they don't have themselves." '

fined for the Hegro and demonstrat­ high school education and has spent sional circuit? ed their "ungratefulness" for all most of his time in rigorous train­ Yes, discrimination still exists (UMOJA) that athletics has done for the ing for sports which he is led to in sports, and many praforrod poai- black man. It is often said, "Look believe are his only road to suc­ tions remain open exclu-ively to what athletics have done for the cess. The vast majority of white whites. Black athletes ara re­ and Jordan.) with the threat that Negro," but blacks are now saying, universities are not interested in cruited, bought, traded and used the entire U.S. team would other­ "Look what the negro has done for his academic qualifications or in for the enjoyment and prestige of wise be suspended from the competi­ athletics." The sham of "what ath­ his benefiting socially or educa­ White America. The slave trade tion. The initial oensure by the letics has done for the rtegro" is tionally from his college experi­ continue» and th» stakes ar» aa IOC and the subsequent expulsion of finally being exposed for the lie ence but rather in the fame he oan high as ever. In exchange for fame, smith and carlos by the U.S. Olym­ that it is. What athletics has bring to the school on the basket­ economic security, in some cases pio committee would have drawn lit­ done for Negroes in terms of eco­ ball court or football field. How education and the chance to escape tle attention in the international nomic opportunity, chance to move many Negro students does one find the ghetto, the black athlete (and press were it not for the racist out of the ghetto, or personal suc­ at white universities alter sport in many casas tha white ana a» attitudes and red, white and blue cess is overshadowed by "what ath­ eligibility has been used up? The well) must be willing to totally politics of Brundage and Jordan in letics has done U> the hegro." University of Texas at El Paso, submit himself to the wishes of the a supposedly discrimination-free Moderate black leaders who still which won the dCA.â basketball oham- sporting world and giv» up any no­ and politically-neutral interna­ point to the black athletes as ex­ nionship in 1966 with five negro tion» of publicly expressing a po­ tional event. amples of progress don't truly un­ starters, has not graduated one of litical opinion. At every level of Using age-old smear tactics, the derstand the way black athletes those black players, and yet all recruitment and employment tha ath­ USOC attempted to disc-çdit the have been used by whites. By hold­ five of the white team members have lete who wants to expose the dis­ black athletes by spreading a rumor ing up black athletes as shining graduated, «ost blaok athletes are eases of the society by demanding that they had accepted bribes from examples of and for the black com­ advised to take easy courseB, and equality or by revealing the racist a European sporting goods firm to munity and by honoring them as he­ much of their work is done for them nature of sport» and the society or advertise a certain brand of track roes, the whites and their moderate by white "tutors". Hardly before by demanding the eradication of pov­ shoe. They planted money in the black-leader Uncle Toms have ob- the whistle of their last game is erty will be passed over when th» athletes track shoes and then had a scurred, in the shadow of the tow­ blown, they are informed by their draft call oomes. white athlete turn the money in. ering, muscular, handsome black friendly advisors of all the cred­ But blacks (and whites) who re­ As reported in the International athlete, the masr. of alack people its they lack for graduation and fuse to us» their position» of Herald Tribune."...the rumor was living in poverty and misery. The that they may return the following prestige and fame to improve the carefully placed several days later struggle for progress has been year - at their own expense - if conditions of the poor have sold tha4 two blaok American athletes slowed by the blinding lights of they want, but that the scholarship out their brother» in th» scramble accepted 7,500 dollars eaoh to wear the basketball court and the glit­ runs out with their eligibility. to the top. The blaok community ''and flaunt a certain brand of track tering of the championship trophies. Their only hope in such a situation looks to its athletes for its lead­ shoe and that another blaok Ameri­ A dream has been substituted for is a pro offer so that they oan ers, and when they refuse to re- can deposited a large number of pe­ i-eality. If black participation in continue playing sports. pond to that community's needs, sos in the Olympic Village bank. sports were valuable to the black Racial discrimination also per­ then they have become good "house The matter was supposedly uncovered race - and this has been the con­ vades professional athletics. It niggers" who know their plaoe. when a white American athlete turn­ tention of both whites anc? -noderate is never enough for a black athlete The white community demands ut­ ed over to his coach a shoe with a black leaders - then it wculd seem to be as good as a white player; he ter obedience to its will, but be­ 500 dollar bill in it. that the entire black population must always be better in order to oause it «till respects tha blaok "The rumor was primarily plant­ should have advanced when one con­ hold down the same position. Why athlete (even if only during compe­ ed by the uSOC.lf, as the USOC siders the extent to which blacks is it that blacks are usually kept tition) you can bet it would listen Olaimed, an investigation was truly have excelled in athletic competi­ out of the center of the line on and perhaps even respond if the in progress, it would seem unlikely tion. the football team and stacked at athletes were to become true spokes­ that (suoh) undocumented charges contrary to popular belief, the certain positions which demand men for the blaok community. It is would be released before direct ac­ black college athlete has -jeen "less" intelligence and versatili­ not enough to let achievements in tion was taken. But, on the other subjected to exploitation of his ty? Why does one find the blacks athletic excellence »tand a» pro­ hand, if the USOC had a weak case, physical capabilities while not at positions where "minimal" think­ gress for the poverty-«trlek»n or no case at all, what better way benefiting from the supposed educa­ ing is required? Why is there a black people. The situation is too to affix guilt than spread a rumor?" tion he was receiving. Only a very quota of black men in the backfield? urgent for the blaok athlete to en­ Jordan and Brundage are not ex­ small percentage of black collegi­ How many black quarterbacks are joy the luxury of silence wh»n he ceptions. The athletic world is ate athletes have actually gradua­ there in the national Football oould be speaking from a position saturated with coaches who recruit ted, and the racial prejudice they League or the AFL? Why are most of influence to White America. If blacks as long as they know their have experienced as athletes con­ black baseball players in the out­ athletics has done anything for Ne­ plaoe and don't become "uppity nig­ tradicts the much talked-about field? Who gets the best pro of­ groes, it has elevated a few indi­ gers" and whites as long as they friendly relations with white stu­ fers and bonuses? Who gets most of viduals to a status in the white leave their politics in the locker dents. Is it any wonder that tho the contracts from the sporting community where they could be true room. black athlete is ill-equipped to goods companies and from business spokesmen for the black community. But obviously Smith and Carlos compete academically with his white in general? How many black ath­ The question is whether they will didn't know their place as they de­ counterpart? After all,he has re­ letes make it to managerial or rise to the call as Tommy Smith and fied the role which has been de­ ceived an inferior elementary and coaching positions on the profes­ John Carlos have.

out thl.klng. And when you finally It'a hia game «nd he•• using u« POKM FROM FORT BSNNINO do begin to analysa the situation aa expendable pawna to consume the HELP intelligently, you're immediately entire planet for the purpose of suppressed and reprimanded, need­ the American Economic Empire. Irre- Who ha» not dreamt. I'm burnin' mad - angry as hell and le •• to »ay thia concept ia totally gardleaa of anything that could be tired of being pushed around and considered moral, in order to gain aick, unjust and plain fucked up. Horrified, down, and stomped on by the asshole» It'« high time these acared GI's its ends - including the mass de­ who rua Uncla Sam's unwanted police struction of human life. - me included - unite a» a force, Of his own blindness, force. (A union seems to fit the bill.) It'a long overdue. Help, man! Unci« Sam, who is this guy any­ and »tarted thinking and realizing On tha brightest days. way? Do you think you know? Have together and »peaking out juat ex­ (NAME WITHHELD) you ever »topped to think about it? actly what we really feel. And de­ Across hardened lawns divided by I mean, «a certainly hear enough manding action. about him. > I recently learned of your publication while reading the VETERAN'S STARS AND paths of dust? Is ha the American people? Or is If I could have my way, and a lot of other conacioua old and STRIPES FOR PEACE, he a symbol of what the American uould you kindly place me on your His dream has atudied »mall stones, people stand for? What does thia cat young people too, I would abolish each and every underhanded action mailing list for several Issues. I have to do with me? And »hat doea am very much interested in finding Studied dying grass, ha «aat from ma? And how come ha can tha US ha» aver involved itself in for tha bene fit and promotion of out how things are going over there, make ma do thinga against my will? having returned from Germany two years Saan death, an absence of color,. Like, just who ia thi» cat? And tha pomr-aeakiag capitalist» since tha firat American Indian »aa ex­ ago, headed for Vietnam (I did not vol­ what i« hi» bag? He's mora than a unteer) . Now I see things in an en­ A mortal blindness there behind poater, I'm aura. No poater ever ploited and alaughtered, juat like buffalo, into near non-exiatence. tirely different light, having had made me travel half »ay around tha difficulty with the military in Saigon the a yea, world to kill »omaona I don't a van But at thia moment thia ia not over trying to get the OVERSEAS WEEKLY tha queatioa. Although how can it kno». placed on the stands there. A captured wiah for darknea» whan He told ma to atop the apraad of aver be aet aaida. Presently, I am more coaceraed with the liberation I have heard all too often that communiam. Something that I «aa "in the Army, the GI is not protected ha die a. told aver aince I can remember that of the miada of ao many good men being accuaad, abuaad and misuaed. under the Constitution and the Bill waa a threat to my happlneaa. What of Rights" (particularly free speech Fran Fuller ia communism? Can you give me an And tha aaddeat realization of thia fact ia that the maaaea of the and freedom of the press), and feel educated anawar? Or is your reply that only by uniting for a cause can mixed with coafuaion and fear? people have been sheltered ao much by the cleverneaa of the capital- the individual soldier acquire the Before I fire another ahot I rights that he lost by coming into thiak it'» high time I atarted get­ i»t» that they fail to even see or realize thia dilemma. Help man. the service. ting some «newer« - I could be do­ I shall look forward to your publi­ Where Ifs AT Like it'« you I'm talking to. Be­ ing tha wrong thing and not even cause it's you who get» screwed cation and have several friends who Vol. I No. 4 kno« it. over. And because you allow them to are also interested and will be waiting Student» for a Domoorntio Society Let me tall you who this cat screw you, you allow them to »crew to hear from you. Thank you. (SDS) in Weet-tierlin publiah Uncle Sam really ia. me too and all the other mother». (MAKE WITHHELD) WHER10 IT'S AT ovory time they He- the Wallstreet business ty­ gat enough money - ao »»nd some. coon. Ha printed that poster you. «ee on the wall all the time. Man, if you've seen the light, I I will be leaving Vietnam in a few Make oheok» payable tot "Uacle Sam Wanta You" - aure he mean even a little bit of it, don't days, but wish to subscribe to WH_RE IT'S AT wanta you and ma. But only to make shut it out. Open your eyes and see WKEKE IT'S AT while on leave and lJ..rIAn 1^2 hi» pocket» bulge at our expense what'a happening. And if you can start distributing about 25 to 50 Poetfaoh 65 and at the expense of »o many other believe it, »ho» it to your buddy. copies a month when I get to my next iaaoceat people all over tha world. Then both of you look at what'» bass. EDITORIAL aTAFFi happening. Spread the word, man, John Ana-el, Tom Duboaa, Stan Slier, X Mil, le t'a face it. I'm human before it'a too lata. During my tour here 1've been ao- too. I've got a birth certificate tive with THE BOnD, VIETMAw GI, and Dave Harri«, Kitty Krogar, Mark to prove it. And aupposedly I'm en­ No, I'm not saying withdraw VETERAM'S STARS AMD STRIPES FOR Llnd.r, nary Ruud, Larry Tainan, titled to the aame righta (exclud­ completely from the system while PEACE Danga Vllalala. Spaolal thanks to ing bennle» altogether) a» the you're under oath. The penalty ia all th» aoldlera (NAMIS WITHHELD) too dear. Imprisonment will prove I just recently got a oopy of who oontributad to thia iaau». next guy, whether he be black-pink- your paper from a friend and I think white-yellow or whatever. Or ao the nothing and accomplish less for the Reaponallila for oontent«: F.H.Pull»r movement. But you can take an ac­ it's really top notch among the Berlin 44 saylag goea. But I'll be damned if others. that'a where it's at. tive part in your own behalf for •M the promotion of human righta. By If you oould Just send me a few •rlottonburg) It took me a long time to real­ copies at my leave addresst analyzing what Uncle Sam ia at­ •in»» 6*4 ize what'» actually happening tempting (with much success) to do Around the middle of Movember I around ma. And I know for a fact to and with you - and to your mind. will send you my new address at K8» that too maay decent cats are being He'» using us. Any way that he pos­ for the other copies when I got lay-Vedneeday, 8 p.m. on. exploited, brainwashed and held sibly ca». And he will continue to a P.O. box there. Thanks (FTA*) back from being and doing as they Thured.y, fr«. German leaeona,7 p.m. do ao until we refuae to be manipu­ ./, 1-4 p.m. wi«h. Simply bacauae They've be­ lated. (MAwE WITHHELD) come accuatomed to accepting with­ .-KiJ-i-yoHKiJi-aa-)4. It's finally official ARMY FULL OF SHIT

A W.at German appeals oourt has those Ilea. All this comes out lad said to have done it? by giving And we all hav« th« right to agr««d that th« US Army manipulate« of th« trial (.Maroh 19; against out 500 ooplea of Tours Truly in t«ll the Army to «hovel lt tha information it aupplies tha a 22 year Wast Carman student who Bremerhaven bars. What we've all somewhere els«. aoldiara (stuffs down their had bean sentenced to 4 week« in known and said for years has been throataI). And it also agreed jail for allegedly having influenoed reoognized by NATO's biggast When will it ever learn? that tha Waat German»' right of an Amerloan soldier'a deoislon to European member. The Army is free apaaoh inoludea oorraoting skip for good. How ia this brave brainwashing "its" soldiers. Where It's At A NEWSPAPER OF COMMON SENSE AND SURVIVAL FOR GI'S

PRESIDIO FACTORY

Last October 11th, a guard at the dona aor« to damage th« im«ge of th» doesn't keep them from sticking to­ him razor blade», »»ying, "If you Presidio stocked» shot and killad Pvt. military «.rrlcaa than he haa to sho« gether. want to kill youreelf, her» you go." Richard Bunch, a young eighteen year th» American p«opl« «hat th« mili­ One of the guys, Buddy Shaw, wrote Defense attorney Terrence Hallinan old trooper for walking off • work tary Mrvio«a ar« really «bout. Mak« this to hia parenta, "I've put you was refused, when he requested that detail. (See WIA IV for th« etory.) '•a grunt. Iv«r heard that on« around both through a lot of misery and I the murder of Richard Bunch be in­ troduced as relevant to th» action Three days later, John D. Colip and the barrack«. By th« way General hope that you can both aea why I'll T Clayton Raua, who —ere on the aam« Laraen. la alao th» gung-ho hero who never aak you to forgive a» on thia of th» aoldiara. ne next thing w« work detail with Bunch »hen he waa command»d th» firat American unite mutiny charg« aa I really do believe know, th» guys won't even be able to killed, and 25 other troopers staged to violât» neutral Cambodian terri­ that w» war« right ... I'll go to talk about condition» in tha atockade a demonstration to protest th» mur­ tory in th« war in Vietnam. prison and do my tin», but at It «at in court. Does that sound like the der of their buddy and tha conditions I'll com» out with a clear conscience kind of "professional" military you ia tfcî etcckad«. Tha Bra»« trucked I But the pressure from the people may as I r««.U.y do f««l that this on« want to be a part of? Think it over out military Justice to cope with have become too much for him. Word time I was right." the next time somebody starts talking the situation and gave everybody has it that his offices tried to get to you about all thos« good re-enlist­ another bust. the Army's prosecuting attorney to Three of the guy« split, but on« of ment "bennies". Or the next time some­ «as« off on the troopa in order to them haa atated that he «aa going to body Bay«, "Be a pro". This time the Brasa cams up with a let him off the hook. Doe a that m«an turn himself in so that he oan taa- 1 brilliant idea. Let » charge them »11 that th« people' can «v«n mak« General« tify at the trial. Iddie Toat, «ho«« We figure anybody can mak» a mistake with mutiny, that ought» shut thos« get into troubla? What«v«r it does hearing »a« impair»d by a bomb talaat one«, but thsrs'e no reason to mak» punka up. Now th» Army was proceeding mean, »« know that th« people can la Vietnam, got nine month«. that mistake twice. From th» mili­ on the following principle, if you exert preaaur« on th« military to alow tary there'a only one direction: treat a guy Ilk» a pig long enough, down on their pig production plan. Rleky Le« Dodd got »ix y»*r». Kicky'» an epileptic «ho »a» one« mad« to 00T. OÜT. 00T. Over here in Eur­ he will eventually turn into a pig. Pvt. Noserey Dean Sood «as sentenced ope lt'a »aay to forget what it's to 15 yeara at bard labor on February atand at attention during a fit. In Step one: Fill a atockade «1th almoat th« past y»«r he baa attempted to liks to be in th» world, get back out 13th. Oa March lSth, th« sentence there and check it out for yourself. one hundred and fifty soldiers, «here waa reduced to two years from high«r commit auiold« fiv« time». Laat sum­ there ar« only facilities for about up. Now the case goes to another mer they cut him down after he tried As for the Presidio 27 a» think they're seventy. Step Two: Let tha latrines military review board which can für­ to hang himself and took him to L»t- doing a pretty good job of -oing atop up and overflow, creating a ther raduc« the sentence, but cannot terman General Hospital for treatment. their thing*. And wa agree with de­ stench that only a pig would accept. increase it. Whan he was brought back to the fense attorney Hallinan's statement Step Three: Keep 'em grunting, that stockade, they threw hia in the "box'. to the press, "My position is that means send in just enough food to The trial itself has been something The 'box' is a room 4 i by 5 by 8 they should receive a medal for cou­ keep 'en hungry and mad. (Word has like an absurd cqgfcdy. According to feet in sise with no toilet and a rage above and beyond the call of leaked out that food enough for only the Army's own ^n»do» only 25 of metal rack for a bunk. Th« next day duty for calling the attention of the 105 ""n has been allotad to tha the 27 men are iStffor duty accor­ a guard »quirted hia with a squirt authoritiaa to what was going on in­ atock.de for ALL of the troopers and ding to Army peyW legists. But this gun filled with urine. TBey offered side the stockade, and for saving guards. Step Four: Keep 'em movin'. the lives of other prisoners who undoubtedly would have followed in That means, harass the an until they Richard Bunch's footsteps if those can't see straight. (Last year the conditions had been allowed to con­ harassment was so bad that there were tinue." If you'd like to help these more than 50 suicide attempts at the great troopers, juat send a buck or Presidio. We've got a fotofax of the two to: NATIONAL COMMUTES FOR THE 27 list of suicide attempt« which John 330 Ellis St. Room 413 David Colip smuggled out of the stock- San Francisco, California 9^102 ad«, if you'd like to see it.) Step or to us: WHERE IT'S AT Five : Sit back and wait for the 1 Berlin 12 troopers to turn into the desired Postfach 65 product s pigs. and we'll forward it to them for you. And if you want even more of the BOOMERANG EFFECT!! Instead of details of th« trial, just drop us waddling off and grunting like good a note at the above address and we'll little oinkers when they got the'bust get a letter off to you, because for mutiny, the troopers came to an­ there'a a lot more we could say. other conclusion. We don't «ant to be pigs, we're men. What has resulted has been a big blow to the local pig factory at the Presidio. The Presidio 27, as they have come LIFESAVERS to be known, went into the open and ar» fighting the Brass tooth and nail. Get it together - th« money - the On March 15th, 12,000 supporters protection againat the enemy/ th» demonstrated outside the Presidio. Brass/ the Lifera - and youraelves. In Boston another 18,200 people It'a happened and it'a happening: demonstrated against th« fake mutiny A buck a month puts th« bread back charges. Congreae—en and senators in your wallet aa soon as the Brsss hav» gottan into th« act too. Demo­ tris a to take it out. Every time a cratic Congressman John Moss from buddy gets an Article 15 - THE FUND California put it this «ay. Sixth PAYSu Man,everybody these daya Army Commander General Laraan'a haa life insurance against those un­ dscision to prosccut» the nan on foreseen and dangerous things that mutiny charges "has don» nor« to can happen. What could be more un­ damage th» image of th» military foreseen and dangeroue than the services than any aingla action I ENEMY 7BEASS can recall during ay 56 years of life. ENEMY/BRASS/LIÎBRS. So GET IT — TOGETHER — THE MONEY — THE PRO­ We don't think General Laraen has TECTION — YOURSELVES. PANTHERS PAVE WAY We write a lot about blaok revolutionaries in about the Panthera is that''they're showing a thia nawapaper. But everyone knows they aren't lot of other groups tha way. They were the first the only onaa with problème, either in the army one» to »how everyone what we've gotta do. Be­ or at home. Blaok, brown, yellow, red, and cause the Panther» are not racist. Thay under­ white working people all over the US are getting stand that we are all suffering under imper­ fucked up and down by tb» US government and the ialism and capitaliea. Like the mas above said, few rich who hold all th« power. Only when we how come so many got ao little and ao few so all atop fighting each other and etart getting much. Or like Black Panther Miniater, El­ together ana taking control of our own communi- dridge Cleaver saidj "Wa hav« to b« atrong tiaa and out own factories and our own army, • aough not to yield, not to be unci« toms, than and only than will w» get the changea we not to bootlick, not to «ell out - but we all aant. must also be able to realize that there are There are a lot of white people who hate the white people, brown people, red peopl», yel­ system aa much as any black man could. Take low people in this world who are totally dedi­ this letter from a white man in North Caro­ cated to the destruction of this system of lina: "We gonna take the government and every­ oppresaion, and we welcome that. We will al­ thing else we can lay our hands on away from ways be open to working with that" you. We gonna tak« it take it back. And we One of th» moat important lessons th« Panthers gonna do thia because you not fit to run it. have taught ua ia not to expect any help from You been atealing tha country blind . . . out aidera. We've got to organize ourselves if You send out boys over to Vietnam to fight wa want to gain control over our own communi­ an undeclared war and then send our boys home ties. And th» Panthers hav» taught ua that again in wooden boxea. And your boys go to thia isn't aa easy aa »• may think, because college and get draft deferments. there are a few people «ho have a big Interest in not allowing us to organize ouraelves. Yea, it'a true we ignorant. (Like just take the army. Try to organize a Yea, It'a true we hate. union or an insurance set-up or just try to WHY THE WALL? talk about the war in Vietnam and you get Ye», it'a true some of our crazy brothers go instant interference.) But th» Panthers did­ out of their skulls and do awful things. n't merely aak for control of their own lives, Berlin, oapital of tha German Démocratie they took it. How? By organizing their self- Republic the Soviet »eotor of Greater Berlin, Yea, it'a true we poor, diseased and wear ol» clothe» not fit to do much of anything 'cept defense. It's like you learn in the army: oapital of tha former German Raioh and of political power comes out of the barrel of a the future reunited Germany, East Berlin. maybe plow a jockey. Now the question: gun. The question ia: whoaa power? The Panthera Different namaa rspre»»nting aa many different How com« they so many of us? What in the world organized themaelvea to make sure it was their politioal positions, but all referring to kind of country you been runnin' all these own power they were defending and not the that part of Berlin very few aoldiara know year«? I really don't think we could possibly power of a few big wheels in Washington. And well. do worse, an we might just do a whole heap where do they defend their own power? Not in better." * Berlin and not in Vietnam, but at home (of The basio reason for shying away from East cours«). And who did thay take the control Berlin ia olearly th« avil notions Aaerioana The thing about the Black Panthers is not that away from when they took control of their own are brainwashed into assooiating with they are black, although everyone knows that lives? Who are they defending themselves "socialist" whan and wherever it popa up they get kicked around even more than US citi- against? The pigs and the men «bo give the (whioh it has bean doing more and mora for zena do - and that's saying a lot. The thing the laat 50 year»;. After all - aren't all pigs their orders. the GI» here to proteot the freedom loving Weit Berliners from being overrun by the One of the most important points of the Black crazy oommiea, who are mora or less Hitler's A» for Identifying oommuniat» with Nazis: think Panther program ia that all black men 6hould successors? it over a moment, who are you really proteoting. be exempt from military service. They say that The former President (Melnrioh L-bke) ef your they are only a colony themselves and so why But let'» look at this good old American guest oountry helped plan Mail ooneentration should they go out and fight in other colonies democratic common sens« a little more closely. oamp». The Chancellor (Kurt Georg Kiaainger), for some foreign slavemaster. Thsy know Way is there this «all in Berlin, anyhow? Is a former member of the nasi party, and member where the real enemy is, like he's right back it because the East German Reds, dirty bas­ ef Geebbel'a propaganda minietry, helped to in the USA. And isn't the same thing true of tards that they are, are really sadistically diatribut» li«a about tho«« death oamp«. most whit« guys in th« army too? Like whose trying to cage in the whole population which Savaral week» ago a young woman,whose Jawiah war is it in Vietnam? Like there are an awful is desperately yearning for VW'a and DIE parenta-in-law war» killed in tho»» oamp», lot of white people who are being colonized BILDZEITUNG? In order to answer this question, slapped that liar in the faeei for doing it by the D» government today and not just outside wa have to take a look at the ironie changea »he wa» »»ntenoed to a year in jail in West the US either. What about the South, the soft since World War II. New Deal capitalism and Berlin. A few week» after that, an ex-nasi coal belt in Pennsylvania and West Virginia? Stalinist socialism, after having temporarily "judge", who had aentenoed hundred» of inmooont If you ever get through that area «hen you get united to destroy Hitler fascism, had to con­ people to death, got off soot-frae. back into the world, talk to some of those struct a n»w Europa. Th» Sovi»t Union, on the people. M«yb« you ought to think «bout your basis of tha Red Army and it» tramandoua If you want to »ee aoae real live Basis, don't own situation, you golf th« feeling thing« are loaaas (£0,000,000 dead ooaparad to fewer go to East Berlin - you eaa aee their amirking going the «ay you'd like to have them go? You than 300,000 for th« United State», that's « faoe» on TV everyday. really dig the military, or the way life is at ratio ef 70:1) wa» ao» abla to a«cur« itself horn«. Life at horn« may be a lot better than tha But Ess* Berlin doe» hav» a lot to offar: ••• military, but is it all that good? militarily, politieally and economically in the story in our next issue. Eastern Europe from a Third World War. In Germany itself, both the US and the USSR had pledged to eradicate the root» of militarism and fascism. How? The Amerioans put on a solemn and self-righteous neoktie party for the biggeat shota among tha surviving Nails, leaving the rest of them and the rank-and-file intaot and not bothering about suoh holy oows as Krupp Steel Works eta. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, liquidated the Nazi bigwigs, removed others from the military, politioal of floe, etc, but went beyond this by first, as a part of reparation», transporting off to th» Soviet Union a sizable portion of.industry, and transferring the remainder into atate owner­ ship so that the oapitalist syataa, whioh onoa found fasoism auoh a handy tool, would never be able to riaa again.

In the Weitarn part th« US proo««d«d to build up one« again W«at«rn jsuropa'e greatest lndna- trial and military power (a» it did in Japan on tha Soviet Union'» eaetern flank a» wall). The Soviet Union, in tha meantime, wa» to» bm»y restoring and anrpaaeing it» pre-war »trength to pour billion» of dollar» into Eaat Germany. By BOW it waa 1955 »nd the Vest Ger­ man» had a tramendou» haadatart. At thi» point th» East Germans and th» Soviet Union deoided to forget «boat r«nnlfloation and build np a »•parat« »«elallst «tat«. Thia would moan temp­ orary hardships for «om« and th« comparatively enticing piotura« of their W««t German oountar- part« would remain a ohallange. Many auooumbad to that danger. In Berlin, of oourse, th» tension» wer» tha greatest, nara 3 major development« threatened the «aatern part'« «xistanoe: (1) Thouaand» of engineering and »oienoe atudanta got lucrative job promia%» in th» Weat and free eduoation in tha East - than they headed west ooating th» Eaat and saving the Waat literally billion« in eduoation and training; (2) Beoause tha Waat Gerasn eeonoay wa» basked up by gold and tha Eaat German «oonomy wa« not, a diatortad (in th« sen«« that it didn't rapraaant tha buying power of the money in the two oountrie«) balance aroae, allowing Wait Berlinere to bring tha Eaat German «oonomy near to ruin; (3) Million« of Eaat German» ware fooled into believing that Weat German» had mora money baoauaa th» oountry wa» oapitalist (Va have already »»»a that there were other causae.) and left fer tha Wait, ••paaially key teohnloian«. Sinaa there waa a shortage of abla-bodiod nan anyway, tha Eaat German eoonoay and »tat» wa» threatened; in faot, the wall, by »topping all th»»» three development», wa» th» only way to lnor.aaa th» •tandard-ef-living, and that'a tha b».*l» far -11 progxa»» in nodern eooiety. PANTHERS PAVE WAY

There are a lot of groupa of white people who are beginning to realise this, 1'hey'ra beginn­ ing to organize their o.n communities just Ilk» the Black Panthera. John Sinclair, Minister of the White Panther Party in Detroit says, "We FTA can't tolerate thia bullshit any longer ... If Eldridge Cleaver - or any brother - is fucked with any longer *e will be forced to step up our assault on the pig-death culture 1 until the pigs can't stand it any longer. We Lt. Francis T. R«itsmey»r, 2 *, from Fort Holi- have been shown no mercy «nd we will grant blrd, Maryland, trainee for the secret Phoenix non« until all harass—int of all citizens is program in South Vietnam, had this to say about stopped and the brontosaurus capitalist econ­ the brutality of hia instructors, "To show us omy is smashed to smlther««ns. We mean it." how wa could make our 'kill-quota' of 50 And white strikers in California called up the Vietnamese per week, we were told about how NLF Black Panther Ministry of Information for soldiers were spotted and blown out of their advice as to how to continue their strike. underwater cover. The instructor said, 'Actually And they got it. it waa great fun to watoh hoa tha VC flew lika fiah through th« air from th« explosion.' The same instructor remarked later, 'It doesn't When black and whit» working people get interest me anymore whether we win or lose, as together, no on» will be able to stop them. long as we can keep playing war.'" There are already a few knees quaking in Washington at this prospect. This system has always kept the people down by means of the principle "divide and conquer." A good example ia the South before the Civil War. Slave labor made a few whites very rich, but it actually made the majority poor, - often poorer than the slaves themselves. The independent »hit« farmer could never compete with the huge plantation. But if ha hired himself out he had to take a very low wage in order to compete with cheap slave labor. The rich whit« hsd the not-so-rich whit« exactly where he wanted him. But the worst trick began there. The WAR GAMES plantation owners created the ideology of white supremacy, namely the idea that whites are better than blacka. Thus the very poorest slaving white wage laborer Retired Marine Commander-in-Chief David M. could feel that he was better than the Shoup looks at the military this way, "War "nigger". That meant he didn't make any becomes merely an expansion of war games and a demands that the slave system be changed, continuation of field maneuvers. War justifies even though it kept his own «ages down. the existence of the military establishment, The same thing is true now. When Afro- offers experience for young and new officers, Americans are kept out of unions ao that and providaa challenges for high-ranking of­ they accept lower wages, this keeps th» ficers. War and criais situations make head­ wages of everyone down.When the white man lines for the military and its leaders, and help couldn't get work, he would blame the tha professional soldier gain respect and pres­ "nigger" rather than blame the slsve system. tige. Right behind the military stand the power­ As long as the white ruling class can get ful ARMS AND WAR INDUSTRIES, who encourage and cheap labor under its own conditions by goad th« military onwards. In front stands a enslaving yellow, brown, and black peopl«, nation of veterans, decorated in caps, banners, there won't be any way for whit« people who and medala-patriotie, battle -hungry, and roman­ are workers to make their voice heard. tic. Militarism in the US is in full bloom."

When the non-white peoples sll over th« world and in America fight for the right to deter­ mine their own lives, they sr» fighting for BLACK CULTURAL the conditions which will make i't possible for white guys to challenge the system which is «xploiting them too. NATIONALISM The revolution is coming and we can take some pointers for action from the Panthers. by Boston Fred Nolan (Tak«n from THE BLACK FANTHER, Dec. 21, 1968)

Lately th«r« haa been a landalid« of "Black Cultural Hationaliam." By thia ia «want that iaataad of Black revolutionary thought, th«r« GIs AGAINST THE WAR la an «xcaaa of Black cultural nationaliam thought. Too much «aphaaia ia being placed on l'a Black and Proud inataad of I'm a Black r«volutlonary. goTn_ to s« t all Black peopl« More than 33,000 GIs have now died in Vietnam, in America. That meana that thia ayatea fr.i. and that ia more than the total number of cas­ ia really th« root of the problem. Prof. ualties in th» Korean war. In 50 cities all Howard Zinn, on« of tha apeakara, aaid, "W« Evarywnar« w« turn, Black brother» and sisters over the US, the people expressed their opin­ hav» learned that there is something terribly ar« wearing "Black and Proud" buttona, long ion about these deaths in peace demonstrations wrong with tha politlos of thia oountry. beautiful naturals, but atill relating to the on Easter Sunday. In Washington, demonstrators Politics are controlled by wealth. The rioh earn« system of pig oppreaeion that gav« birth put on a "Vistnam Passion Play for Easter" in have always run this oountry and they are to thia «pldemie farce of Black cultural nation­ front of the White House. In Philadelphia, a still running thia oountry. We must learn aliam. We ar« caught in a trick bag. All the email group of demonstrators entered the local to make a revolution." whll« lt ia necessary to be aware of on«'s own Black haritag«, and to be proud. It doen't do headquarters of the Selective Service System, The participation of GIs in these demonstrations and through the night they took turns reading us any good if we fall right back into the cap­ is a very important development. Last italistic trap. the names of the GIs killed in Vietnam. One December there was a meeting in Chicago at of the most important elements of these which there were representatives from 15 W« hav« jumped one of th« hurdles that was in demonstrations was that in 6 cities, GIs on Army bases. Since then anti-war activities the way by identifying with out beautiful Black­ active duty joined with civilians in marches. by aotive duty GIs has been growing. Fort ness, now we still have a whole track of hurdles In San Fransisco 10,000 demonstrators Jackson, S.C. is an example of what has been in front of us. Now wa must move on to true marched to the gates of the Presidio (see happening. For several months a group of Blackness, to a revolutionary Black soulfulness. article "The Presidio Pig Faotory"). GIs called "GIs United against the War in Organizsrs of the parade said 400 GIs had Vietnam" has held weekly anti-war gatherings We have stated that we oppose everything the planned to join the march but were prevented in the barracks. They claim 150 followers. enemy supports and support everything he op­ beoause their leaves ware cancelled. The As to be expected, the Army has tried to poses, and now tricky dicky Nixon has appointed a misguided brothtr to head his Black capitalism Army said the GIs had to stay to take part crack down on these aotivities. Ten men campaign. Capitalism is one of the major reasons in riot control training. have been arrested, four face formal court- martial on charges of insubordination and wa hav« to go through these revolutionary incitement to riot. changes. Ths truth is, just b» caus« you hav« a The biggest demonstration waa in New York, black hand picking your pocksts, doesn't mak« where despite heavy rain, 50,000 demonstrators the exploitation stop any quicker than it did turned out. Among thorn were 100 aotive duty This repression has had two important résulta. with a white hand. So obviously w« must oppose GIs, who wore hats with the lettering, "GIs First, the repression of leafletting and against the War". Although there was a an underground newspaper has escalated into it « black or white. counter-demonstration, including people a conflict concerning »Freedom of Speech" and "Freedom of peaceful Assembly". This will be­ The hogs of the US power atructure use Black carrying the signs, "Pacifism is feminine" brothers and sisters that have "made it" to set and "fied Jews are behind Nigger Riots," there come a court case over the constitutional «as no violence• rights of GIs. Second, this repression has "good examples" for the mass of Black people tended to politicize a number of soldiers who in order to "keep them in line," and keep This year's demonstration was different from were previously unconcerned with anti-war their thing going. previous Easter demonstrations in Ne« York. activities. They have seen the sort of re­ It uses the same trick with Black cultural The speakers at the Central Park rally pression the Army deals out to persons who nationalism. Capitalists now make afro-wigs, didn't only talk about the inaanity and hav« moral and political opinions that con­ afrlcan clothes, along with a hord« of oth«r immorality of the war. They alao apok« of flict with the "army line". The fact that the so-called "black things". Not on« stitch of the causée for th« war. This wsr is not Army reaeta so quickly and forcefully only some freak accident, but has been caused by shows that dissent and anti-wsr activities by false hair or manufactured thread will contri­ th« military, industrial, and political system GIs present a real threat. bute anything to Black Freedom. When th« US racist pigs start supporting a so- callsd Blackness, it's time for fr«e Black people to move to another level. And that lev«l is Black «volutions. The Capitalists of this racist country will n«v»r support something that is designad to «nd their reign of terror. These are th« aims of th« Black Panther Party. The Black Cultural USA = 50,000,000 POOR Nationalism hang-up is counter-revolutionary, so it should be clear which road leads to LIBERATION and FREEDOM for all black people — BLACK REVOLUTION! HISTORY of the PANTHERS

"It is not in tha panther's nature to ghetto haa been arrested at least once In lata December, 1968 Eldridge Cleaver attack anyone first, but when h« is in his life for just standing around (Panther Minieter of Information) waa attacked and backed into a corner, h« atreet cornera. And what happens to forced into politioal axil». Although •ill respond viciously." That's what these jobless young men? Sooner or later ha committed no parol» violations, hi» Huey Newton of the Black Panther Party they're forced either to accept lousy, parol» board revoked hi» parol» and oaya and that's «hat th« symbol of th« bad-paying and humiliating jpbs from ordered hia to return to jallu Califor­ WAR STORY Black Panther party means. Like some­ greedy employora who take advantage nia Judge Sherwin called it a frame-up. times there's no choice left but to of them. Or they become criminals and In hia worda, Cleaver "had been a model fight. After more than ten years of gat put away for tha re at of their parolee." Ha went on to »ay that Cleaver David Kleinbarg, veteran of 14 intensiv« civil rights struggle there Uvea. lost hia parol» becauae he «a» to active montha in Nam, told this story at may be batter jobs for some blacks, but in politic». That'» American justice the rally of the Gla and Vet« there ar« fewer joba for all blacks. And that's not all the Panthers aaw. and Cleaver ia no fool. Ha split. But Maroh for Peaoe. So fighting to help all blacks means Thay aaw poor nan (a lot of then black) he'» »till fighting underground. more than just "sit-ins". It means * in tha tranchaa la Viet Nan, while "During a mortar attaok on our And Cleaver ian't tha only one. Bobby working and fighting to put an end to back home a fe« wealthy man w«r« baa«, my buddie« scrambled out of Seale (Chairman of the Panther») and the crisis of all black people. The piling up th» juicy war profit«. Th«y their tent and into their bunker. Georg« Murray (Minister of Education) Black Panthers didn't create the up­ •aw million« of paopla (a lot of them A few minutas later tha bunker took hav» been arrested on gun-law viola­ risings in Watts and Newark and Detroit. blaok) living la filthy and «retched a direct hit with a 75mm reooilles« tion». Huey Newton haa been in Jail But the peopl« who formed the Black ghettoa while a few men who lived on rifle round. Three of the kid« - •lace Ootober, 1967. Yet the Panthera Panther Party came to their own con­ the other «id« of town collected the Jimmy Edward«, Dave Fisher, and Joe are rapidly being accepted by «lack clusions after watching federal troops rents and ignored tha misery that went Kramer - were killed inatantly. communities throughout tha nation and and national guard units move into the into paying that rent. Four other» ware seriously wounded, are no» eatabliahed in more than forty ghettos armed and determined to k««p including Vorn Sheffield. Aa Vern The Black Panthera believe that a soc­ eitle». th« blacks from running their own stumbled out of ths bunker, dazed, iety which can't provida for the self- with blood on him, parte of our communities. respect of all of its member» ia bar­ The Blaok Panther» are revolutionary but not racist. If they reject the friend»' bodies on him, ha baric. Soma thing'a obviously wrong oollspaed into the arms of Larry Now, the better-off blacks who have with our society when a black man ia principle of integration as it is used managed to get a little education, now, it is because capitalist America Craig. He didn't mumble 'those shipped 8000 mile a to fight for baatard Yiet Cong' - he didn't a little polish and a whole lot of righta and democracy he can't even just doean't measure up to tha hop«a and desire to latch onto some of America's naeda of the millions of poor blacks mumble 'those bastard communists' get at home. America the Beautiful - he didn't mumble 'those slope- wealth believe that equal hunting juat doesn't look ao pretty anymore. in America today. Up until no», middle- rights in th« jungle of capitalism class whi tea though themselves pro­ eyed bastards.' He said only one Not when dicky Nixon ha» to admit thing over and over: «ill make l_fe into a paradise. They that there are at laaat 16,000,000 gressiv« if they war« willing to offer may hsv« crossed over to the other black» the equal opportunity to becom« und«rnourish«d man, woman, and chil­ 'THAT BASTARD JOHNSON, aid« of the tracks, but they're still a part of their middle-class society. dren living in the richeat country in THAT BASTARD JOHNSON.'" living in a jungle. A black elite is tha world. Ever »ee the look on a But really, all thia boils down to is moving up which will try to govern and hungry child's face? - - - BLACK OR that they are only offering the blacks exploit the black community just like WEITEM Now there's soma thing mora to the opportunity to become white. And the rich have bean doing for centuries. see and it'a a awn with a gun fighting that'a a lot of horaeahit and no solu­ Fine, that takes care of the lucky ones. to change tha look on that kid's face. tion at all. Only whan America accepts Bug the BRASS But what about all th« rest on the Aa a short rang» goal the Panthers the idea of equal opportunity, not for bottom? And that's just »here the have organised free hot breakfaats for black and white, but for rich and poor, Black Panthers come in. poor black school children, but they will it become a democracy. That's what It's happening all over and getting know that the moat meaningful change the Panthers are talking about and what easier all the time. Want to bend Instead of asking, ho» can I make sure they want before they can consider in­ I get my share of the kill, they are haa to be th» change of the entire the Brass (who doesn't?!) ? - Well, system. tegration. In the meantime, the struggle maybe here's something that's your asking, what the hell is it in the continuas. first place that makes our society a Huey Newton (Panther Minister of De­ bag. Ever thought of naming a peace or resistance group as the benefi­ jungle. The Panthers see the black fense and co-founder of the party) Rap Brown (Panther Minister of Justice) community as a larg« part of America's wanta the black community to organize ciary on your life/death policy? has atated: "We don't need white liberals, Ajparently one GI did and provoked poorest class. They see young black and arm itself for political action and we need ravolutionariea ... So the men anxious to work, but unable to get self-defense. The Panthera want a new a visit from a Navy Intelligence question really becomes whether you goon squad. jobs because they have a police record. and just aociety "and the only society choose to be an oppressor or a rsvolu- And where did their police records worth talking about," Newton says,"is tionary. And if you chooaa to be an All you have to do is change your com« from? From vagrancy and loitering. a revolutionary society." oppressor then you are my en«my. Not personnel file by filling out forms: Almost every kid who grows up on the But the system has no intention of because you are white but because you Army DA - 41, Air Force AF - 2**6 or wrong side of the tracks or in. the giving up its profit» without a fight. choose to oppress m»." Nsvy/Marine Corps NAVPBRS 601.2.

was all I had. Well, it's the sam• thing almost with my sarg - h« ain't got nothen really LETTERS except the stripes on his arm. He ' s like a guy who ne ve r gre w up, who never learned to take care of himself - when I get to Dear Ma, thinken about it I sort of feel sorry for him: But I don't Ma I'm changing one great big ole drag - cause he'd use you in a minute of a time cause the Army ain't no like you was some kind of work good for nothen except maybe for horse, to make it easier for him. foolen people and for misusen peo­ It ain't supposed to be like that. ple and for killen others that didn't And it's one damn shame that they even ssk for no trouble. I don't can get away with it. It sure gets want you to worry cause I feel this hard sometimes - putting up with way Ma - that won't do no good. I it all. You know what I feel like know you probably won't understand here in Berlin - like an animal but that's cause you ain't never caged up in a Zoo. I wish the got to see things the way I have. time would hurry up and get over with. Please don't feal bad for me Ma - my feeling bad is more But th« Army is on« great big ole than enough - I'll be home in ugly mess full of scared unhappy four months, and that ain't too people and I mean especially the long. I don't mean to write sad lifers there the ones who waste 20 letters, but it's just th« way I years her« cause they ain't got feel. And it's good to get it nothen else - they don't know .out sometimes. Take good tare of nothen else Ma. There really mean yourself and I'll write again soon. selfish peopl« who ain't never done too much thinken about nothen the Love, Joe Army makes it that way. The Army give's them doctors and a place to Bleep and food to eat and Dear Sir«, clothes to wear. But then turns I'v» bean reading your paper ovary tlm» around and tells them how to live an yon »and it and I think I'd lik» to and where to live and what to be­ »ay a oonpla of thing» about your paper, Where lt_ At lieve in and what not to believe I don't know if any of you have aver ABERNATHY in - be like this and not like that- been in tho army or not, bnt maybo yon want this and not that - it's crazy have forgotten what it'» really lik». and these lifers are so dum they do . A let ar tha thing» you writ« about for Vol. I Ho. 5 just what there told - like little OX« interesting enough, but you've babys who don't know no better. The got to talk nora about tha everyday Student» for a Damooratlo Seoi«ty (SDS) Army tells them not to be human for problam« of u» »olaier» if yon really SOCIALISM in W««t Berlin publish WHERE IT'S AT a few worthless securities and these want to help fight the military. •vary tin» they get enough aonoy - so guys accept it just like that. And Let me give yon an example. In our ••nd »om». Make ehaoka payable tai for what Ma? It ain't for the coun­ unit a lot of the guya aro "'head»" Rev. Ralph Abernathy, leader of WHERE IT'S At the Southern Christian Leader­ try I know that. If they tell you or at laaat a l»t of thon »moka onoa 1 B«rlln 12 ship Conference, rejected "Black it is their lieing or foolen some­ is a while. Let»» faoe it, anything Poatfaoh »5 la okay that will make life in tho Capitalism" in favor of "Black body cause it's just for their military a littlo nor* bearable. Tha Socialism" during a speech in EDITORIAL ST-FJTl scared lazy ole se Ive a there afraid Bra«« know» all about thi«, and th»y Frogmore, South Carolina. He Fred Bnoll, Stan Ellar, Mike Jrlohter, Ma - of them selves and of the people get CID to «ska up llata »f all tho said his group is out to organ­ Dave Harri», Kitty Kroger, Mars Linder, around them, cause they can't gay» •» that if thay »vox anna« any ize all the nation's poor in the Erik Lokenegard, David Norris. Spooial see what's going on. They're troubla, thay oan civ» thoa » bu»t next five years. thank» to all tha »oldlere (NAMES WITH­ afraid of ma too, which is really f«r amokiag. Whan tho lnvoatlgatlng HELD) who contributed ta thi» leeue. •tart» everybody 1» «p tight and "We don't want rich It 'ividuals, H»»pon»lbl» for tho aontontot D. Earria the funniest part. You should see we want rich communityJ," the the way my sargant gate when I worried, bnt than nothing «vor SM J**11» " -apposa la noat OMO». I think thay Kev. Abernathy told SCLC leaders don't do like he wanta - or if I 1 Berlin 30 nako «p thaaa Hat» ja»t in cas«. planning their goals and programs just ask him why he gets like I Eialebeneratr. 14 I'v» got a baddy la Vietnam and ho for the new year. Abernathy also used to when Bob would take my Meeting»1 Monday ovoni-ga Si00 M aays «rerybedy amok.» «vor there. criticized President Nixon and bike. Remember hoa I used to said, "Black Capitalism is a Telephone: 24 22 26 scream and yell at hia like some Mayha yoa oonld «»It« aonething about this. («AHB VCTBE-D) bone and we are tired of being Draft oounaalling and legal advle» kind of nut. I thought my bike tossed bones." oallt 1J 47 47 or 618 4» 4» COFFEE HOUSE (saw) COFFEEHOUSE

Th» tine la about here whM • a« tha road, wa waat to opan tha and what kind of programa ahould fee houae aponaorad rojoot to aotlva partloipation. be offered. ing. Use the addresa on the back Ol'e and Aaarioan olvlllane . fha way to got involvod bafora If you have ideaa on coffee Tor letters or contribution«, or open in Berlin. Thia la a ooa>- tha dooro opan ia by sanding aa drop by in person. houae operation, get then to ua. h ah aunlty affort and aaada aucfootiona on what you would If you can epare some bread, thia ll » ?* ' - what shall we support. Bafora wa got I ilk» to ae» in tha ooffa* houoo will move up tha data of the open­ Where Its At

MURDER INC

By Richard Homan ments necessitated by overheating On Feb.15, the driver of a GET THL POINT? These fucking WASHINGTON, June 17(WF) and persistent failure of the Sheridan was killed when the ons contractors get the army —A new army assault vehicle recoil mechanism of the Sherl« vehicle drove over a mine, to rush this half-tested equip­ rushed into battle against the dan's 152 mm. gun. setting it off and igniting ammu­ ment into the field. YCU use advice of a test manager has The vehicles were sent to nition stored directly over a it and get your ass blown off, -^xi-^Tlciiueù b_eai.dowri_ and deXi". MV__l»i!Sw for co_bat_s6 Feb. 6 break in the hull. - .«cause that's just v.hat -that -- ciencies that have jeopardized * despite a warning in a Nov. 5 The same mine exploding under contractor needs to go running D.S.troops, according to a still- memo by a member of the staff older tanks and assault vehicles to Congress screaming that he secret Pentagon report. of the army's Sheridan project would have caused some damage needs KCiL_ funds tc improve his The overall report lists 16 manager. but not ignited the ammunition equipment. That's why he wanted major equipment failures, 125 The army now plans to ship and probably not injured crew it to be combat-tested in the electrical circuit failures, 171 more of the vehicles, built members, the report on the first place.You're being pombat- 41 weapon« misfires, 140 ammuni­ by Chrysler as prime contractor, incident said. tested too. But too bad-a blown-up tion ruptures, 25 engine replace­ to Vietnam. . GI can't'be sent back for repair.

passed Sept.5, 1968, 1" » /.•or: an ovoraeoe gats states that all person» "willfully nowa ha naoda in order to MILITARY ATTACKS persuading or inducing by oral or •aka hia own docinions - news written means a member of the for soma reason never man- Allied Forces to leave or stay ares to R-t into print in. Stars "WHERE-IT'S-AT" away from his unit or duty sta­ ;md i. tri pes, for example. tion without permission" shall Since in fact there is no call Ever since the first issue of by American civilians in West- be subject to prosecution. to disobedience in the newspaper, Where It's At came out last sum­ Berlin. Some of us are former No soldier could possibly have why is the military, working mer, the Brass has developed var­ Ole, some are students, some are misconstrued either of the two through the German police, so ious schemes to prevent its cir­ working here. Recently the edi- articles to be a call to deser­ uptight? Whose interests are culation among guys in the US tora of where It's At, Nos. IV tion or disobedience. What's being served by withholding military. It started with and V, ware »ummoned to appear more, the editors of Where It's information? Certainly not the character guidance sessions in bafora a polio« interrogation At feel that only the soldier interests of the American man in the companies, where GIs were board bora in Berlin. Allegedly himself can make such far-reaching uniform who may have to make given the impression that Where two of our nawapaper articles had decisions about his life, since decisions of life and death for It's At might somehow corrupt only he will be made to bear the himself and others on the basis contained a ooll to dooertion, of censored information. their innocent minds and that the thereby violating Allied Ordin­ consequences. American civilians who write and ance No. 511, Artielo 2, amondod What we can do in writing The military's plan to crush print Where It's At are a bunch by Ordinnnoo No. 554, Artiol« 3, where It's At is see that the there It's At is a blatant of kooks, commies, hippies or attempt to further limit freedom subversives - remote-controlled of speech for the GI. Of course by Ulbricht, Breschnew, Mao, or the attempt will fail, as GIs sometimes the Devil. have already demonstrated. At the same time the Brass tightened the screws on individual The Military's last resort GIs. Men were calle* in for per­ may be to deport us from Berlin. sonal talks with their CO. They If that happens, then guys in were coaxed and they were threa­ the army may want to start their tened. Newspapers were confis­ own newspaper - like the FTA, cated. Extra duty and shit The Last Harrass, and the Fatigue details were assigned. Press - put out by GIs at Fort The Brass knew damn well that Knox, Fort Gordon, and Fort Hood. GIs have every legal right to possess, read, and circulate where It's At; that it is private property and no one is allowed to take it away. But the officers NATO didn't play by the rules. Why should they? After all, the EMs were supposed to have already THE NORTH ATLANTIC been trained not to think for TREATY ORGANIZATION themselves. Surely Just a little While you-'re here, take the time pressure would keep him from to look around at some of the reading Where It's At. interesting thinr;s going on: the But it didn't. Since the US Envoy to Spain pushing for first issue, Where It's At has the Franco fascist regime to join been getting out to more and more NATO, the Portuguese use of NATO GIs. Requests for the paper have equipment in Angola to kill black come in from bases all over the 'liberation fighters, KATC war world. Soldiers themselves have games in West Germany to practice been writing articles. crushing an internal uprising, Discouraged by the backfiring the take-over by a Greek military of its attempts, the military has junta following plans developed now opened attack on another during NATO practice maneuvers... front. V/here It's At is written SEE NATO! KNOW NAT01 of the BERLIN VOICE AMERICAN H.S. This story was written by a Ha once remarked to me: "It Bear Editor, student at the Barlin-Ameri­ seems to me that we can Se forced can High School, whose father to take up arms against our wills. I am a student at the Berlin ia an officer in the US Military. It's against the principles of American High School, while I BIG -AMI -OS HIMSELF this country. We're made to fight realist that your newspaper ia and kill in a distant land in the aimed at Gla stationed here, I Ihe refleotion of oar beans name of a cause we may not believe ask that you will print thia moved aoroaa tha darkened wall of in before we're even given the letter in that I oan think of no Bill's bedroom. It was two o'oloik right to vote in such matters. other source that would have tha in the morning, yat Bill waa wide We're old enough to die, but not o our age to do ao. awake. He had to register for to vote. I only hope that when I am currently taking a manda­ the draft the next day. the time comes I'll have the cour­ tory course in US government. In We had all thought Bill kind age to stand on my principles and the preface of tha text, American of a kook — probably because he say 'Nol' when Uncle Sam points Government, by Frank A. Magruder^' was one of the few people in the the finger at me." revised by William A. MeCleapg- "Uf$ not ipoil a good »hing. East Overshoe High School who On his eighteenth birthday, han, copyright 1965 by Allya and aver dared to think for himself. Bill talked this matter over with Bacon, Inc., is written: Perhaps the reason ha was so his father. Unfortunately, his "...it is important to re­ different was the fact that his father had not given up hopes of member that today, as a -«tion, parents wanted him to be a model Bill's being a model son. He wa face tha gravest threat wa child. I can still remember his thought that although Bill had have ever known. Our alma and mother scolding him for having not made a success of himself, ideals and the very existence gotten his clothes dirty while perhaps he would get a second of our system of government ar« playing marbles with us. chance in the Army. challenged by the tyranny of The Senate Armed Services Sub­ By the time Bill was ten "Son, with your grades, international communism, lad by years old, he was completely out committee recently revealed the you'll more than likely get the Soviet Union, which is ir­ figures for deserters and AWOLs of touch with his peers. He drafted. I know that you have revocably dedicated to the de­ wasn't allowed to play with us during 1968. With surprise and entertained ideas of burning your struction of all that we cher­ dismay they disclosed that 55,357 any more. To insure this, his draft card. But why be a fool? ish. " .mother kept him constantly busy men deserted and 155,536 went You would be sent to a prison to This course is mandatory. This AWOL. with piano practice and books rot away five years of your life. is the type of stuff of which the which she insisted he read. That amounts to one deserter Life is too short for that, BillI whole book consists. How can tha every 10 minutes and one AWOL But what amazed everyone was And after you got out, you would writers of this book condemn tha that in high school, his grades every 3 minutes. Thus the total never be able to get a decent Job. Soviets for classroom indoctrin­ number of men deserting and were not very good, only C's and Not with a prison record. ation while they cram such obvi­ D's. I guess this might have going AWOL in 1968 was equivalent "However, if you sit back ous propaganda down our throats? to 13 1/2 combat divisions. been his way of rebelling against until they draft you, you'll Supposedly, we pride ourselves his parents. Or it might have probably be sent to Vietnam. on our openmindedness and will­ From the Herald Tribune, been that because he was different "My advice to you is to en­ ingness to hear both sides of an March 7, 1969 the school"'s teaching methods list. There are plenty of chances argument. But will you find any dia not stimulate"him. of your getting a commission. And courses offered which give the His class rank was only 47 you "probably wouldn't get sent to Soviet or Chinese point of view? out of 65 people. Yet through his Vietnam if it was shown on your Or any non-US view? Hell no! reading! he was probably one of record that you had signed up. Our school library offers only the besff educated people in the Why, imagine it, Bill, you would pro-US political reading. Our school. have the chance few of us have of public libraries here in Berlin PANTHERS One day, he was appointed to seeing the world! And the Army offer only four or five books by work with me on posters for the has many opportunities. You could communist authors. At the back senior prom. That's how I really make a big name for yourself!" of each is written: "To be check­ When the Panthers are not busy got to know him. I became his Big name for yourself. Two ed out for classroom use only." cleaning up glass from police only friend. I finally got him o'clock in the morning, Bill In other words, where it can be machine-gunned office windows to open up to me. The person with­ thought it over. His father's criticized, but not defended. or rebuilding headquarters that in the person was a very deep arguments seemed pretty sound. Our course offers no object­ were bombed,and then rummaged thinker, conscious of the world's ive look at international prob­ by police, they have been carry­ problems — especially-the morality At 10 a.m. Bill not only lems. We are only given one­ ing through on their program to of the Vietnam War. registered, but also signed up. provide breakfast for ghetto «a sided versions. . .Sir 11'« froodoa of thought la a goad oohoçl childron (black, brown,- paronta receiver i-na. epitaph for tho ldoals of the and white) in cities across the DONT LET Bill had been killed in the foundere of thia nation. Try to nation (Philadelphia, Oakland, Mekong Delta. express a belief contrary to Los Angeles, Des Moines, and Well, Bill was a hero who those in the text, and you'll New York, among others). 1 THE ARMY had died for his country. He probably fail the course. Yet The Black Panthers are organ­ had made a big name for him­ unless you pass the course, you izing within their own commu­ self! Big name for himself! Big can not graduate from high sohool. nities to help themselves and FUCK YOUR MIND name for himself! It is time something was done jthe people around them who need about this one-sided hypmcrisy. help. That's where it's at - We want to hear both sides. where are you? NAHE WITHELD HURRY UP & WASTE After breakfast the mess sergeant What happens when some businessman said to me, "All right, recruit, can't sell all of the mouse-traps you clean up the mess-hall." It was made in his factory? He has to 0730 hours. First I put all the close down or at least fire some benches on the tables. I got a of the men who work for him, because broom and sawdust. I spread out he can't pay their wages. Then the sawdust and swept down the these men who are fired don't have whole floor. Then I got a pall and enough money to buy, say, a new mop and mopped down the whole floor. pair of shoes, so some shoe manu­ Then I put the benches back in place facturer and some shoe stores go and went to tell the mess-sergeant out of business. More men are that I was finished. He glanced out fired. Then the^ don't have enough over the mess-hall, said I should money to buy things and even more do it again, it wasn't clean. So businesses fail and more men are I figured, okay, he's got more jobless. experience, maybe I really didn't get it clean enough the first time. This was exactly the pattern Anyway, it was only 084-5 hours and which used to cause huge economic noon mess didn't start until 1150 depressions in which the whole hours, so I could do the whole country would suddenly get poorer thing again and still have an hour and poorer. During the Great or so to relax before I'd have to Depression of the thirties, there do anything. Benches on the tables, were over twelve million unemployed sawdust and broom, mop it down, let and in one year alone thirty-two it dry, check for mop lint, put the thousand businesses failed. benches back in place and off to National income declined from over the mess-sergeant. When I told eighty billion in 1929 to only him I was finished, he glanced at forty billion in 1932. The same his watch. There was a smirk on pattern still causes recessions in his face as he said, "It aint our economy now. clean enough yet." I got the mes­ It may seem strange that there sage. Like it took quite a while are times, when things can't be sold to do that floor the third time. and businesses start to fail, even And that's just the way every other when some people definitely need day in the good ole Army has been. the things up for sale. Did you The above picture shows exactly what the brass want you to do Busyrw_rS, Hurry up ancTwait. ever stop to figure out w_y7 In the U.S. there is such a large fn the Nam. The reason for printing this picture Is not to put WASTING -OUR LIFE difference in - income between rich down G.I.'s but rather to illustrate the fact that the Army can Think about your life in the Army. and poor that many people don't have Did you decide to waste your life enough money to buy the things they really fuck over your mind If you let it. like this? Or is that what the themselves produce. For example, system demands? lot's say that Mr. Smith is a man­ ager who earns 600 dollars a week It's up to you, you can put in your time Just trying to make It THE TROUBLE WITH THE "FREE and Mr. Jones is a worker who earns 100 dollars a week. Chances are back in one piece or you can become a psycho like the Lifer (E-6) It doesn't matter whether you oall that Mr. Smith already haa a new in the picture who really digs this kind of shit. It's your choice. it the free enterprise system or ice-box and so won't buy one. And tha capitalist system. The problei Mr. Jones needs a new ice-box but are the same: Continued, Page 3.,« SAFETY LAST THE REAL COST ( I Whoever says that American workers WAR aren't getting screwed by the bosses these days isn't listening or breathing. At a congressional hearing war I vod immense The coal industry Is going to expert and history professor bin the US. "earn" a few million dollars more James Clayton brought to light Ls 10 times this year because of the differ­ some interesting facts about how ••en spent on ence between 4.5 milligrams and much it actually costs the US to lust 10 years, 3.0 milligrams. And thousands of conduct a war. He has been an on housing and miners will suffer because of it. studying military budgets since . 10 times as The milligrams stand for the the Civil War and has come to co have cost in amount of coal dust contamination the conclusion that total expen­ of the USA. per cubic meter of air in the ditures always amount to 3 times •h figures have mines. The Public Health Service as much as the war itself because h regard to war maintains that a safe level is there is always so much to be nae seem to have 3.0 milligrams. Labor Secretary paid for after a war, such as rong impact George P. Shultz ignored this veterans' and widows' pensions, is the most recommendation May 16th and or­ or interest on government financ­ conflict American dered a standard of 4-. 5. The ing of the war. ever been involved difference between the two fi­ The Vietnam war has up till • exception of World gures means a 50$ increase in now cost 110 billion dollars, 1 billion dollars), black-lung disease among miners. and this amount will, according i uo the most expen­ But it also means coal operators to Prof. Clayton, rise to 350 se modern war material won't have to spend millions of billion before everything is •Ing more and more expen- dollars in coal dust suppression paid. So calculated, every equipment to meet the stricter standard. American soldier in Vietnam costs uy wonder that more Lairdsville 75,000 dollars a year. For this »re people are against war At the same time, Shultz over­ money, Clayton ended his report, .. .rmy? rode a recommendation on indus­ trial noise levels by former Labor Secretary Willard V/irtz, who proposed that the federal SSS BURNED noise maximum limit of 92 deci­ bels be reduced to 85 - a move Eighteen persons were arrested intended to save the hearing of on May 25 for burning the Select­ millions of workers exposed to ive Service System (SSS) reoordo industrial noise. Shultz taken from the Chicago South "compromised" with 90 decibels, Side Draft Board Complex (which the level over which, according covers 2> draft boards encom­ to the American Medical Associ­ passing nearly 2/3 of the city's ation, prolonged exposure can black population and large permanently damage hearing. numbers of poor whito urban This move, too, saved millions hetto dwellers). The follow- in costs to industry. ?ng statement was released to explain this action: . IF YOU THINK MILITARY LIFE IS "The poor people of the earth BAD, JUST WAIT TILL YOU GET are taught to hate and kill one BACK HOME! another so that the oowerful oan my the freedom to increase their fortunes through exploi­ tative foreign investments. At HOW MANY the same time, the expansion of war-related industries diverts OFFICERS? tax dollars away from the social programs so desperately needed HOW MANY here." EMS ? ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE can't afford to buy one. In the FACISM ANOTHER "SOLUTION" more arms spending. Turn another, Pentagon is to want to find a rea­ 4 long run this means that not enough The Depression was worldwide. Germ­ the clamour ceases. Cold War de­ son to use those machines. ice-boxes can be sold. Workers mak­ any, Italy, and Japan developed mands, if fully exploited, are al­ ing ice-boxes will get fired. They fascism as another way to end the most limitless." won't be able to afford new shSes, crisis in the free enterprise system. Last year'a dafanae budget iüTTörTnSioOtti and so on. The downward spiral begins. The Nazi government got the Gorman •ore tha: People used to believe that the economy going again by spending mon­ or no free enterprise system would collapse ey on warfora lnstaad of welfare. money whioh oould bo c.oi because of these periodic depressions. Just like in the New Deal, the main 11, mod 1er. I S mora and more men novo to ba -M When the situation got bad enough, idea was government spending. Hut ban problems. Tho wholo economy ls ad to oparata r< t. working people threatened with un­ this waa a way of spending govern­ bsooming more .and „ore dependent on And tha man who knows ; is employment and starvation would ment money without threatening bus­ the defense __.ustry: one in five a waste but Joined or re-uped any­ take over control of the industries iness profits. In fact, rich man Americans depends on it for his way, because he knew he couldn't and the government and make and dis- like Krupp could make fortunes support. get a better job on the outside, tribut the things they needed. manufacturing weapons. THE RICH GET RICHER can thank "free" enterprise for forcing him into a job he hates. GAPIfALISM LEARNS A NEW TRICK World War II finally got the U.S. Military spending helps the rich get In the thirties the government die-- economy really going again, too. The richer fast, while the buying power And it can only be called hyp­ covered that when there are many need for armaments and an army pro­ of the American worker actually de­ ocrisy when magazines like Newsweek vided for full employment. creased last year. and various congressmen complain poor people who can't afford to buy about the inefficiency and "waste" enough to keep the system running MILITARY SPENDING & THE_COLD WAR BLUFF Not only do you pay bigger and bigger taxes,but defense spending in defense spending. Because the in full gear, the government can Just like the fascists in Germany. main economic purpose of defense become a customer. That was Frank­ American businessmen discovered that .tends to drive all prices up. And many companies which produce consu­ spending is to waste time, money, lin D. Roosevelt's New Deal. The military spending is a great way to and labor. Your time, your money, government started borrowing money keep the economy going without en­ mer goods cannot afford to compete your labor. Busy work, hurry up and ordering houses, roads, dums, dangering their own profits. So they with the high salaries for good re­ and wait. bridges, electrical plants, and decided to keep it up even after World search which the government puts even paintings and films. That War II was over. The defense industry- out for the defense industry. Re­ IS THERE A SOLUTION? gave people new jobs, and with the sult : the products you and I buy There are lots of solutions to.the together with the military(also faced problem, but WP w-m havs to fight moneyjjhey made they were able to with losing war-time prestige remain faulty as well as expensive. buy the things they needed again. At the same time the government to make them happen. Because all of and power) began lobbying for a these solutions mean fundamental Result: businesses were also able "permanent war economy". pays the defense industries on a cost plus basis : there is no risk changes in the system, changes which to employ more people to provide There are many who think that would threaten the privilege and pow­ these things. The system could the whole Cold War was invented by involved and the company gets a er of the people on top, who have get going again. the.military-industrial clique in fixed percentage of the costs as the pigs and the legal system under THE RICH FIGHT THIS PLAN order to make military waste spen­ profit. Needless to say,- it is in their control. The UeV Deal might have been enough ding seem necessary to the people. the interests of the defense indus­ If the economy were planned by to get the U.S. out of the Depression In 1949 U.S. New & World Report try to make things as expensive as the people to meet their own needs, by providing socially useful work for spelled it out loud and clear: possible, (tod the more profits if wealth were distributed more most of the people. But the rich "Government planners figure they the defense bosses make, the more evenly, there would be no need to slowed things down by crying have found the magic formula for influence and power they are able rely on such tricks as wasteful "creeping socialism". Contrac­ almost endless good times...Cold to have on government policy, that military spending to keep the ec­ tors were worried that if the gov­ War is the catalyst. Cold War is is to say, the more likely they are onomy pjoinfi. We would not be faced ernment could provide cheap housing, an automatic pump primer. Turn a to get more and more juicy defense with the contradiction of wasted they wouldn't be able to make such spigot, the public clamours for contracts. And the more likely the work in the midst of human poverty large profits; if the government and suffering. Ko one would be could produce electricity for half wasting his life doinr; useless the price (as it did in the Tenn­ work'in the Army. essee Valley), there would be no In ra'ct, tne American economy reason to continue having private Military Machine is so wealthy that if it were plan­ electrical companies. If the gov­ ned right, and if all or most of ernment could provide decent jobs the manpower now being wasted in at good pay, private companies the army or in the defense indus­ would have to improve working con­ try could instead produce goods ditions and pay, too, in order to for the people, the work week could compete for manpower. be reduced to about half of what it is now—with no reduction in Big business was especially af­ average income. raid that people might begin to see that the "free enterprise system" was keeping the poor poor unneces­ These are the kinds of tilings sarily. So because of this oppo­ which fighting men should be fight­ sition from the rich and powerful, ing for, because that's what government spending for the good fighting for freedom and democracy of the people was never enough to in America really means. really get the economy going again. Look around you. It's already In'1939 unemployment was still 17#. happeningl A RMY F OOLS OBODY CO Man, did you ever listen to those job done. 'Cause that would mean Because the Army certainly does you know who makes its cars so background noises on AFN? I mean that Richard Speck was a pro, be­ have something to do with making flimsy that you've got to buy a those sneaky little plugs the cause he really'got the job done money. I mean—the Army spends new one every 2 years? GOOD OL' Army gives itself and the Prime (count 'em, one, two, three, 75 G'B B. year on every guy in Sam FREE ENTERPRISEt AND YOU BETTER Contractor—Free Enterprise four, five, six, seven, eight), and each of 'em gets about $ 3000 BELIEVE THAT BUDDY! (whether under the name GM or although he didn't get a penny so somebody's pocketing a helluva Or ho gets on and tells me AT&T)? It's goddamn annoying: for it, and that my Supreme Being lot. that US citizens own 90$ of all You're bored stiff polishing up General WC Bestwhoreland, was the So maybe that's what it's all the telephones in the world. the ol' tank for the 128th time world's worst botch-up artist, about after all; don't be a pro But that'e bullshit. First of all this year, just barely stomach­ because although he got 20 thou­ for Gen. Bestwhoreland—but for we don't own our telephones, we ing it because you can hear some sand a year, he was the worst gen­ General Motors. just rent 'em (from the biggest decent music on the radio, when eral sinoe Ouster. So something's And that's probably why these monopoly in the US—and that's every 5 minutes this fucking sta­ gotta be wrong here. The word pro companies get so many free plugs why its so expensive); and sec­ tic breaks thru. (It's even worse just doesn't fit in the Army be­ —because they're all such good ondly, eure US citizens own AT&T than TV ads I) cause: 1) since we all get paid, customers. —but big deal—WHICH CITIZENS? Like one all too frequent in- we're all pros; 2)although no one For instance: every once in a Rockefeller, Kennedy and Harriman, terruptor--a certain clown mas­ is in it for the douKh (I mean while one of the DJ's busts in and the reel of their jet-set querading under the alias General peanuts!) you Just can't use pro and says: "Hey there! Did you cronies! WC Bestwhoreland. About 80 times for a job like polishing tanks know the US produced 1/2 of all So it.'s pretty clear: AFN is a day this guy, who claims to be or napalming little kids; and 3) the cars in the world? And you trying to peddle some pretty chief of a very large tribe, gets its just like talking about a know what did it? Good ol' Free strong stuff: Don't hsk the Army on and keeps repeating some crap professional prisonerI Enterprise. You better believe it" what it can do for you: Let the (after all, his initials are WC) And you know who's killing off Army tell you what you've got to about being a PRO. But I don't So I guess Chief Sitting Bill do for Big Business: Fight and is talking through his feathers. half of Vietnam? So it can squeeze get it at all—because he keeps out a few billion in profit? And Diel saying a pro is a guy who gets the Or is he? LETTERS TO THE EDITORS

From IDAR-OBERSTEIN, W. GERMANY those who think differently. In •what age. The women were all the barracks out of their heads My friend - other words, mankind is like a treated as common whores, some­ drunk? Why does the Army tolerate I got some copies of Where It's dog who chases his tail and when times even at gunpoint. The this? Simply because it is legal At while in Paris meeting the he catches it he lets it- go and children were pests and treated and has long been accepted by deserters and I enjoyed it very begins again. Will it ever change? as objects rather than as people. society? Don't be bullshitted by 'much. I'm an ASU member and I Is it mankind's fate to eventually Again it is common knowledge that the Army. Find out for yourself. would like anything you deem use­ destroy himself in trying to the American High Command dictated Ask yourself what you know about ful. I'm giving my off-post improve himself? _ don't know. the policies of foreign relations both grass and alcohol. Find out address. Perhaps it's safer. with the Vietnamese. the facts. Even if you never try I don't plan on deserting now. NAME WITHHELD marijuana you will know the truth .There's much to be done within Vietnam's history is full of about the matter and not just the the army. I appreciate anything war because of its almost constant •lies the Army has put out on the you might send me. Salut! Prom WEST'GER-i ANY occupation by other countries. subject. Remember, the greatest NAME WITHHELD Gentlemen: America is just the latest of a weapons against the Army are Truth Kindly refrain from mailing me any long line....I find it very dif­ and organized action. more of your literature. ficult to imagine that the "commu­ nist aggressor" (the Viet Cong) HAKE WITHHELD From KOREA Whoever gave you my name &. ad­ dress was very mistaken as to my would have been able to keep his .From ZARAGOZA, SPAIN Dear Where It's At : belief, since I have absolutely troops in the field fighting the Gentlemen: Being in the situation that I no interest in your material and Vietnamese people and their pro­ I just receivee a packet of am, and being here against my destroy it as soon as it arrives. tectors (Japanese, French, and Where It's At, Volume I, Kumber will, has forced me to think more Thank you for your cooperation. finally the Americans) if the 4, thru the APO system to the of protecting myself rather than NAME JITHHELD Vietcong really weren't the people address shown on the attached projecting good will towards slip. Ouch! others. This organization called As far as I recall, the papers the Army says that it stands for were unsolicited. freedom and has vowed to overthrow Although I don't deny that part tyranny but in actuality it creates of your material may make sense, domination of the masses and I am unable to support all of your restricts freedom to a mere shell views or all of your methods. of what it should be. But this In fact, I must ask that you is not the fault of the U.S.Army remove my name from your mailing alone. No, I don't think any list. single organization could ever be In further fact, the OSI has, able to bear such a great burden I believe, a mail cover check on as the enslavement of Den's minds. me right now. You can take it For countless ages men have been from there.... subjected to torment by those who NAME WITHHELD are strong and powerful. And for countless ages men who were strong­ From McNAIR BARRACKS, BERLIN ly against this tyranny have fought Dear Editors : to change it, often giving their of Vietnam. If I were a father, I'm sure I've a case of the most valuable possession (life) From COMPANY F, 40th ARMORED and my son died in Vietnam, the TURNER BARRACKS, BERLIN first question I would ask would ass - again/ because I'm a soldier in order that others night be Dear Editors: partly - and because i've enough freed. People such as Jesus be, Why? For what? - and don't being just like i am - and can't Let, Joan of Arc, I.artin The American people see the give me that bullshit about Army's image rather than the Army. communist aggression. use all this extra hassel. Lincoln You wish there was a union but did General Westmoreland recently had Man, when they start rapping this to say about the image of the that aggression jive, look around you wish more you were out. You «•ally. know all the guys who know - and It was as if a grain of sand on a Army: "Image is defined as a men­ you for those more subtle forms tal picture. We must do every­ of aggression they're using to all the ones who would follow - e washed out to sea. but you're lost for a direction, Doe3 thlc iae.1 ei'fort thing in our power to insure that conquer your mind. the mental picture Americans have it's all around you and you're can make to ace to his Look at the drug scene, for scared. destructful world is doomed to of the Army is that of a winner - instance. One of the biggest an efficient, dynamic, dedicated issues in the army today is the In five and a half hours you failure? I don't know. It would remember it will again storm seem that way. If this is true, and socially progressive organi­ use of drugs by the GIs* To the zation." Name me two dedicated general public the brass throws O.D. green - and the thought drags then what value is there in living? you - but you don't wonder why - For in the end there is only death superiors in your unit. Name me it off as a non-existant problem. one socially progressive superior .To the GI they use all types of you know you have to play the and nothing else. ?or myself then game/ with nine article 15-teens I he.v.. chosen a path of secrecy in your unit. propaganda posters, lectures, Vietnam is perhaps the best character guidance classes and in 22 months, you've managed to and moderation. It could be said keep away from the stockade and that if you don't fight the system example of some gross ideological threats to try to scare us into and tactical errors in national believing that if we take one drag you're too short to blow it now. then surely you must be a part of You hate being a 3oldier - you're it, but even when the system is. policy. I spent a year in Vietnam of grass or hash we will spend the watching my buddies die and get rest of our life hanging around not political and you are politic fought and conquered there must cal - you can't dig suppression be a new system set up for those wounded; unable to ever again be street "corners and in alleys beg­ what they were before the war - ging people for enough money for cause you've known it all you life who can't fend for thenselves. and you know you've been affected, Ana-no matter how just and fair and suffering the even greater a joint, or rolling old ladies wounds inflicted upon a man's when we get stoned. It reminds cause the brain wash was always anJ. peaceful this new system is, thore. there will be dissention from consciousness, his dignity, - and me of my high school days, when the pain of hurting a fellow they used to show films of ugly But now you can see it and you human being. old men selling pot to kids. The can feel it and you've been caloused I don't think that winning next day the kids were using by experience. You feel you can militarily in Vietnam was ever the heroin.' The point here is not recouperate if only the next two object of American troops in whether one should use drugs, but months would hurry UP and pa3s. Vietnam. The war is the longest what the Army and the Wall Street I'd like to forget, but how? PACIFICATION war in American history now. At propaganda peddlers do with the In a few hours the ego dogs will the time of this writing the latest true facts about something and again wag their jowls and ba.rk up 'weekly casualties list showed 265 why they change them into lies to nother storm. (American dead and 1,865 wounded. suit their own ends. When will NAI-.E '..ITHH-LD The only reason for this is that the Army stop treating us like ^the Americans seem "intent on little children and give us the using military force to crystalize respect we deserve? Is it wrong Where It's At their political position." Now it to ask for the truth? Why does Vol. II No. 1 just doesn't seem right to me that the Army fear giving us the true Members of Students for a Demo­ •my brothers should die so that some facts on drugs, on Vietnam, on cratic Society in West Berlin politician somewhere can argue his .socialism, etc.? Doctors and publish Where It's At. Send contri­ point a little stronger. Through­ scientists all over the world are butions to »HERE IT'S AT out the year I saw time and time proving daily that marijuana is 1 Berlin 12 again my superiors' lack of concern not addictive. Poptf«.oh 65 for the Vietnamese people. The Nov; let me ask you this : How Respfor contentsiM .binder,Berlin 30 men were always suspects no matter •Meetings: Mondoya H p.m. many times have you seen guys in Elslebonorir i ö 46 48. ASpecial rt PH "»DAY * Issued

in figurée: Draft rates In the U.S. IKÜÜK are JIB follows for the past 5 months 1968 ]96q June 2Ü7ÜÜ0 257900 WITHDRAWAL July 15,000 22,300 August 18,300 29,50, Are we really withdrawing troops from September 12,200 29,000 Vietnam? It's no easy job to follow troop October 13,800 29.0UU strength levels from month to month. The 79.30U 135,7ou military says the confusion is due to fluc­ In reality, the draft call is down less tuations in normal turn-over, troop rotations than 2% from the 1968 level, and not 1656. The and casualty figures in Vietnam. They should November and December suspensions are nothing know, they create the confusion. Witneoo tho more than the old Pentagon policy of not drafting following. in the pre-Christmas and Christmas season, becauee it First, there appeared to bo an inoroaae in is eo unpopular. Any check of draft figures over the troop strength ir. Vietnam oetween the time Nixon past years will reveal this fact immediately. So, that's took office(532,000) and July 27(535,000) accord­ what we'd like to know, what does it mean, when the ing to Pentagon sources.(Last week the Pentagon Pentagon says troop strength is down to 497.300.the revealed the highest troop level this year was lowest level ever? 543,000.) There's a great deal of suspicion that the figures are being purposely juggled. For instance, it was revealed that troops were not withdrawn but rotated and replaced, Or.ly Berlin Nam' Levy troops whose tour was up anyway were with­ drawn. MEN DUE TO COME HOME ANYWAY were shifted from other units into the 3/6oth NOV. 5. INF DIV, rather than the whole bataillon YOKING According to our acources,about 20o being brought back home, as the public men now stationed in Berlin have re­ was led to think. Actually, less than 200 of the 814 men who landed at ceived orders to go to Nam. Those levied McChord AFB had served with the are in the infantry,.40th Armored, Hq. 3rd Batallion (Vietnam Gl). It is Spec. Forces, ASA (about 25 men), 42nd also very étrange that on Aug.21 Eng. (8-10 last week at least), AG (3 or4) troop level was 526,500 and one and Signaltöne at least). These numbers week later it was 511,800 (Wash­ have not yet been verified. There may be ington Post). Yet there was no more. announcement of the withdrawal of further 14,700 troops in that week. •_____B_-a____B-a__B It is doubtful if ths'Press didn't One soldier we know of received orders for Nam notice any announcement of troop with­ 4 even though he'd already done a hitch there. He drawals of that size. It could be that went berserk and stole file's from CID and one other the Pentagon is figuring casualty figures army intelligence office; He is now in the army men- into the withdrawal total. This total, it has cal ward awaiting a court marshal. been estimated, between June 8 and Aug.30 would amount to 91% of the announced withdrawal. Maybe Nixon means something special by "reduction" of troop strength. A State Department assistant to William Rogers was quoted by Attention Gl! Senator Gore(D.-Tenn.) at saying "the American people will be bought off This newspaper is your personal property ! NO OWE may „_ legally take it away from you. If the brass tries to harass with phased withdrawals...." And this is the other side of the withdrawals yon about it, stand up for your rights! LETTER FROM VIETNAM This letter from a Vietnamese student was and comes and arrests us."A special problem students, are quiet and passive, if you under­ mailed directly to us from Saigon, it was sent are "tha police informers who pose as students." stood us you would know how painful lt ls for by an American civilian friend of ours who has The game they are playing im as real as us - we have spent many Jong tearful nights. spent three years in Vietnam. Our friend wrote the violence of th« war that is going on Here, we have suffered under the law, from the following introduction to the letter. around them, and the stakes they are putting armed terror, and experienced harsh oppression, up against the price of peace can include and we have not been able to do anything, meet­ To the Editor: their lives. i'.Q.'s letter to American youth ings and demonstrations end in arrests, detent* T.Q., the author of the following letter, is a sincere and truthful representation of the ions and ruthless beatings. How many of our ls a 24 year old student and editor of a school feelings and hopes of the Vietnamese student young Vietnamses student friends are now lying newspaper. The previous editor of the newspaper community. buried in the prisons...? is now serving five years hard labor on the notorious island of Con Son, as a result of his As the school year begins, 1 and my Involvement with the paper last year. One Vietnam, September- 16, 1969 Vietnamese student friends send to you, the senses that to T.Q., who is a cripple, courage To Our American irrisnds American young people, our faith aid hope. We comes naturally. He is a native of a southern are confident that your compassion for humanity town made famous during the Tet offensive when Sear friends, will urge you to continue the struggle to force an American coranander delivered the epitaph "it l am writing these lines from southern the American Government to truly want to end became necessary to destroy the town to save it." Niet nam/ from a land which is like a furnace this war. We hope that you will play a big As 1 takled to I.Q. and some of the paper's staff resounding with bullets and bomb«, blood, fire, part in bringing peace back to Viet Nam so that I became forceably aware that the one thing that and sudden death, > we, your friends, can avoid the unjust destruct­ matters to these students is to bring am end to The frightening circumstances of war are ion of our young people, and we hope that in the th* war. I was asked, "How would you feel if with us daily, but we know we still have some future you will not have to come here with guns a greater power than tha US occupied your land?" American friends, the brothers of those who are in hatred. But certainly you will never do so willingly. We are ready to welcome you in the These students face huge obstacles in forced to come here and shed their blood and meet a tragic death. If the warfare does not days of peace in our homeland with all our their efforts ta seek peace. Government sup­ affection. pression of their activities and persecution •nd, I worry about the fate of my people, and for their views is a grim threat to live with. I also endlessly have painful thoughts about We send to you many good wishes, hopes, Since Law 1u-68 was passed last year prohibiting you, maybe you will be forced to come over and our complete heartfelt admiration. assemblies of more than three people, says one here, following the steps of your older friends. student, "No one knows exactly how many students What will happen? 1 am moved and 1 want to in friendship, have, been arrested, but there have been very cry. T.Q. - Representative for many." Hundreds of students now in prison Vietnamese students look upon th« Amer­ Vietnamese Students never hope to see a trial, »any of them are ican youth with affection and full of hope­ moved from prison to prison to prevent them fulness. The students of southern Viet Nam from forming any contacts with the outside idmire your work. You have dared to struggle, world. To their families and friend» they to demonstrate, and call upon the American often simply cease to exist. A casual dis­ -overamen* to end the war in Viet Nam. You w cussion about friends can go like this, "Tong, have r quested the government to bring horn« _iet and Long were arrested a year ago and are our ' loved American youth, to end the useless still in prison... Loc is still in prison.." Îaori.io« of blood, to avoid the destruction of But OTM studarts adds, "These are just the ones a friendly country by sowing the seeds of racial we know - people from our families or friends." extermination on your friends who wer« born in 1 am told that It is not uncommon to have, this century, and are of the same generation a» "some families with 4 or 5 sons and daughtors you. Th« whole world looks in your direction in prison." Two men are pointed out to mo on with faith and appreciation. the street outside the office, "They follow ns Surety you have asked yourself many times when we go anywhere." The students oonoldor lt why you and the young people of the world are a matter of time before "The government decides demonstrating, appealing for an end to the war, that something we have printed is too strong calling for peace, while we, the Vietnamese __L aoo who and what oausod the war. The politicians who flock from every aida to support M-Day, realize that tho war wae poorly handled and is very un­ popular, but they have no basic objections to the MASS STRIKE ON M-DAY.?! system that got ue there in the first place. The world must be made safe for the American Moratorium Day, Oct.15, did not do the job. Nixon they've »on. U.S. "officials*have said that "Ha­ businessman, and the American worker will be asked is continuing with the war. In his speech Nov.3, noi has given up hoi* of military victory for two to go on suffering and dying to defead that. The he gave us no timetables for withdrawal. Further, reasons: it is unattainable and it is also unne­ doves have as muoh to lose by mass actions and he said if the so-called "Vietnamization" of the cessary". (International Herald Tribune, Tues. strikes as the hawks do, namely their profits. war doesn't work, we Americans will keep on figh­ Oott21._1969) The U.S. economy can no lon_er sus­ They have used their money and support to turn ting. tain a war whioh is pushing pfioes up at a breath­ M-Day into an impotent plea, instead of a pow­ taking speed and pushing wages down'at the same erful demand. Let's give M-Day and America back to Can th« "Vietnamization" plan work? It is time, -he Vietnamese have proven that their method the people. Let's do more than they had planned. common knowledge that the Vietnamese do not want of people'e war can work. There are new Vietnams the U.S. Army in Vietnam, and that is because they beginning everywhere-in Southeast Asia, in Africa, do not support U.S. policy In Vietnam. Way back in in Latin America. Do we Americans want to fight M-DAY among the Berliners 1957 Eisenhower said that "poasibly 80* of the pop­ those wars? NOJ Numerous groups of Berlin students and civi- ulation would have voted for Ho Chi Minh". (Man­ That means we are going to have to force this linas are planning a number of M-day activities date for Change, p.372) administration,and the next,and the next if neces- including mass demonstration to do their part to We sent troops into Vietnam after a long per­ sary.to stop thinking of themselves as the police bring peace to Viet Nam and all -S troops back iod, beginning in 1951, of "advieing"-a period of fore« of the world. Everyone knows that a lot of home. Vietnamization which didn't work. And we've been people are making huge profits in this war and trying to Vietnamiz« th« war «ver since w« got in­ that a lot of political and military interests'de­ to it militarily, and that hasn't work«d «ith«r. pend on the outcome of it, but we don't want to So why are the Vietnamese suddenly going to start lose our lives for their profit and prestige I fighting on our side? Can M-DAY Nov.14-15 do the job? That depends The Vietnamese haven't thrown us out yet, but on what we make of it. The Where It's At staff supports M-Day, but we have to criticize the lea­ dership of those who did the planning. The origi­ nal idea for M-Day was a mass strike in solidarity DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE with the hundreds of thousands of ß.I.'s who don't of the UUITED STATES of AMERICA want to be sent to Nam and with those there who ^^^hilaöelphiaJ77^^^ want to come home immediately. A mass strike- starting with one day and increasing every month - would have forced the get-rich-quick- off-of-military-expend!tures-and-Amerioan-lives That all men are oreated equal, that they are endowed people to think twice about whether it is really by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights, that profitable for them to stick with Nam. _, The strike was bought off. Instead.'parades',' among these are Life, Liberty, and the pureuit of Happ­ mourning sessions* and'talks*are planned. People ar« iness.—That to secure theee rights, Governments are in­ supposed to talk about the war and the war alone - as though it ^ere merely a tragic mistake, a fr«ak stituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the accident. Some of the very same politicians who got consent of the governed,—That whenever any Form of Gov­ us into the war are supporting M-Day, and for good reason. Tbey would have had a lot to lose in a mass ernment beoomes destructive of these ends, it is the strike. But they're not the ones dying in Vietnam, Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to and they will have a lot more to lose whenthepeople institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety fi 1 and Happiness.

Nixon has dared tell American soldiers that Viet­ nam is one of our "finest hours". Anyone who takes EQUALITY! a second look at the history books he read in high So that is how the "land of equality and oppor­ Revolutionary action began with flocks of pamphlets school knows that America has seen much finer hours. tunity" began. And the -evolution began almost as paper essays and public meetings. Who wrote these paqphleta The men who rule our country now show no trace of soon as the first colonists arrived. The Revolution calling for "equality"? ' the revolutionary spirit of the men who fought for fed on the division between the "many" and the "few? the many poor and the few-rich. In the 150 years Zn the two decades before the Revolution there were many semi- American independence and created a new government professional agitators and organizors, whom we now call found­ on the Atlantic shore. And in spite of all the new before 1776, there were many armed rebellions against ths rich and against the governors. ing fathers". Some were impatient idealists like PatrickHenry gadgetry they dump on the backs of American sol­ ("dive me liberty or give me death"), Thomas Jefferson, and diers, in spite of all the AEMS, M-16s, IBMs, ICBms, THIS LAND IS YOUR LAND . Benjamin Franklin. Some we» immigrant Irishmen and Germans..Tom NATOs and SEATOa, the morale of the American army" Often the goals were clearly socialistic. In the rebellion of Paine had only recently arrived as an outside agitator fromEng- has slid way downhill since the day when American I74O, for instance, New Jersey farmers saids"No man is natural­ land when he wrote the "red book" of the Revolution, entitled farmers, hunters, shoemakers, sailmakera, mechanics, ly entitled to a greater proportion of the earth than another. printers, and blacksmiths got tired of the British band was made for the equal use of all." king, got tired of his paid soldiers, got tired of These men,—the farmers, artisans, blacksmiths, and shoemaker» the rich Tories he was protecting—and took up the --fought hard in the Revolutio^. They hoped to build the land Tar & Feattners, gun to throw all of them out. in whioh "all men are created equal". But they saw the War of Who were we? A nation of 3 million people trying to beat Independence against the British as only one step in the fight the British colossus of 11 million. An economically back­ for equality. Most of the poorer colonists joined the movement ward country trying to defeat the economic giant of the because instinctively they felt that, once British officials revolutionär times. The British had the worlds best navy. We Americans were out of the way, it would be easier to deal with local' had none at all. We were without a professional army, with­ bosses. out proper organisation, military discipline, or equipment. The American Revolution was called the "shot heard round the terror 9 But we were able to stand up against the British, who were world", because it symbolized the struggle of the common the most professional, best trained, best equipped troops man, worker, farmer, tradesman,—no matter what country he Common Sense, whioh sold half a million in a country"of only of Europe. Why? Because we knew why we were fightingl came from. The American Revolution was considered dangerous three million people (many of whom were illiterate). His words by the rich and by the monarchies all over the world because A POLITICAL ARMY sound radical even today: "We have it in our power to begin the of the "domino theory". They were afraid that the Americans The structure and morale of an army always depend world over again...The birthday of a new world is at hand..." on for what and for whom the army is fighting. would inspire people everywhere to fight for their rights. and "Tyranny , like hell, is not easily conquered, yet we Let us try to see what the principles of the Amer­ Ideas about equality were held by oppressed people every­ have this consolation with us, the harder the conflict, the ican peoples'liberation army were, for what and where, and in leas than three years the French Revolution more glorious the triumph..." for whom the peoples' army was fighting. began. Free elections, trial by jury, freedom of religion and of the press, and the rights of property, happiness, and "RIOTS" In fact the American revolutionary army was not The mastermind of the Revolution was Sam Adams, an army at all to begin with, but a political move­ safety were considered a treasonous sort of "mob rule" and terror by the ruling class- who built the revolutionary party. Adams engaged in legal find ment, one which began a long time before the A- extralegal activity at the same time. He wrote petitions to merican people began to arm themselves. There we have a second principle of th« American peoples' liberation army: The struggle of tho pe­ the king and made fiery speeches in government chambers.Buthis John Adams wrote that "The revolution was in the mind» of main reliance was on mass action—demonstrations,boycotts, "tea oplésl ' army was the struggle of the poorer class the people and in the union of the colonies, both of which the people against the richer class. parties." Step by step, combining propaganda, riots andboycotts, were accomplished before hostilities commenced." he carried the weak and hesitant to a point where therewas no That was the first principle of the American pe­ it "OUTSIDE AGITATORS'* choice but revolution. oples' liberation army: The peoples' army was only Arms alona oould nover have decided the Revolution. Adams and- his friends had only to fan the flames, one part of a political movement, and the political It fed on ceaseless propaganda and agitation which -here were already many groups devoted to agitation movement was always more Important than the «rmy excited its followers to enthusiasm, eacrifice, and and political activity. Most of them called them­ dedication. Tha radicals fought With ideas more than selves Sons of Liberty or liberty ïoys or Daughters Itself, what was this politioal movement about? guns. of Liberty, the Sons used secret passwords and wore BLACK SLAVES WHITE SLAVES .special identification medals. _hey could call out thousands of people at short notice and establish "a In 1776 one in six Amerloan« was a black slave. But what many conspirators mob rule in Boston which was stronger than any law people don't know is that half of the white men who cam« to courts". America were slaves, too. In order to pay for the boat trip to the "land of opportunity" poor white Europeans sold them-^ The Sons organized waves of demonstrations. People destroyed 9 property, foroed tax collectors to resign or flee, and even selves into slavery for a limited period of from four to threatened the lives of British puppet governors. In New York seven years. After that they were set free and often became Liberty Boys would put up a liberty pole only to have it cut small farmers or artisans, If they were luoky enough to get down by soldiers. Then the people would gather to defend' the, a patch of land or some tools somewhere. Most came voluntar­ pole. ily, but some were kidnapped, and at least 35QO were British Street battles occasionally ended in death. In Boston young convicts who were released on condition that they become people attacked British soldiers, throwing ice and rocks at slaves for a while in America! White slaves were often treated^ them. The redcoats started shooting; five citizens lost their even worse than black slaves: to be sold they were driven lives, six were wounded". The angry masses then forced the through the country in chains by a "soul driver", and many redcoats out of the city. In 1773 fifty men disguised as In­ were beaten to death. dians sneaked on to a British ship in Boston harbor and Many who came as free men spent their last pennies to pay threw 343 chests of tea into the sea. This act of "violence" their way across the ocean. Like the white slaves who had brought on even more British repression. been set free, these people lived in poverty as farmers and «TERROR" artisans. Ths farm laborer toiled sixteen hours a day for ; Adams and his friends worked to form a dual govern- two or two and a half shillings, and the shoemaker and the 'lunt or provisional government."Committees of Corres- blacksmith for only slightly more. rpondenee coordinated tho activities of radicals in But a few rich aristocratic Englishmen made it across the the different colonies, -hose w«r« th« beginnings ocean with lots of capital. The rioh also had political con­ of revolutionary power. Th« Commltt«s wrote their nections in England through which they could get land.Robert own laws and said that they w«r« the r«al government. Carter of Virginia owned 60,000 acres and 600 slaves.When But not all of tb» Amerloan paopla supported the Revolution. Colonel Samuel Allen was appointed governor of New Hampshire I According to John ideas '»t l»a»t M third of the people were—^ by the British in 1692, he made a huge profit of 3 million • against the rovolut lonary party and on» third didn't care pounds by declaring the territory his personal property and and just wanted to b« a demanding rent from everyone who lived there. "Living stan­ Local committees or "ot* whipping post. O was always attended by twelve Negro slaves ready to meet anywhlm.i >- People were Ja»l»d, tarre* end feathered and their property U

1, SM3dd«H >JS«Q10S flop

va-JÜvw£ 'Mi r>*j -»for» ww MVVW » >vM«Mo_vb •$7* "Xp»Aijd MOIJUVW 09/f *")]*f jB >»«eo4 Cw|R*g

»AVON

.mo so Tiu» 4«'î«v_ • V»* «Utw N$*3

^UT toxi- r\»vtt>>>> v"tfu. flriw w beul . • •

$ (eO^OOO HV>il»T*rU Sp-tvllHoj speed - up 6-J SCWJL*^'** tack y**vr -Car atwvN _«UM(- ktijk »KWn«f r«ftt t* Vi*Tn«*

WT FORGET, I uU.«* CAM ftU)»ys HlR£

W>CK& TO J>6 Y^U« ^£ F6* UtSS MM** I

LO V6-4, |r\6VSIV\« 0>*i C-U'tm«* pJ»H ) JO0/« (rWb-Tt. »»^ <(W*W©4 4jH0O /«._- C WtftT- V^AJV l_>ktt« lal___:s ÄJ wktK» T^ . -, Nov. ii* MORATORIUM DAYr 15th Moratorium Day swopt our nation on Oct.15 - If th« CO denies your request, yon «ill be in a 2 million strong, protesting th« Vietnam War and better position if you oan say that you went to demanding immediate withdrawal of troops. him, not to request an anti-War meeting but to Moratorium means a «topping of business as usual, hav« him speak to concerned GIs about their whether at work, at sohool, or «loowhoro(r), Constitutional rights. Be sure to let us know showing that Ufa do«a not and oan not go on as before you ask for a meeting on bas« so we can if everything were alright as long as the War help you get press coverage. If it appears that continues. M-DAÏ ls coming again, this time for it will be impossible to hold a meeting on base, two days, Nov.14 and 15, continuing the deter­ don't giv« up. W« will try to help arrange a mination of the over-growing number of concerned meeting off-base if necessary, on th« Friday Americans that the government bring the murder in ! evening before Bov.15. Call -61-5755 or 24-49-73. Vietnam to an immediate, oomolote halt. S Mass-hall Boycott. This would be good if a large number of servicemen simply didn't OCTOBg- MÜ-A-OKIU- bother to go to the mess hall for the noon meal on The demonstrations on uot.15 took plaoe in M-Day. thousands of communities across the oountry. S fass around petition« demanding an end to 250,000 persons turned out in N.T.City in front of the War and immédiate withdrawal of troops, to be St.Patrick's Cathedral, tho OR and In Central sent to Nixon or to be handed in at the American Park. In Chicago 10,000 ponce demonstrators went Mission. to the Civic Center. Boston Commons was filled 5 Change insurance beneficiaries to include with 100,000 persons, many oarrying black the name of a peace organization. balloons. In Los Angeles, 500 housewives and J Send telegrams to elected officials. Even children went to plaoe flowers on graves in the several dozen telegrams from GIs on M-Day directed Veteran Cemetery. In Islington,Ky. 2,700 peopl« to a selected Senator or Congressman could have listened silently while the names of the Kentucky some impact. war dead wer« read, and in Washington, Florida, § Cancel those damn savings bonds I and Massachusetts, the names of the 39,000 NOVEMBER P1AHS , Americans who have died in Vietnam ware read at The New Mobilization Committee to End the War vigils. In the Capitol, Mrs. martin Luther King in Vietnam is organizing mass marches in Washing­ lead 50,000 marchers in a oandlolight parade from ton D.C. and San Francisco on Nov.14 and 15, call­ the Washington Monument to the White House. ing for: INf-KNATIONA- r_0T_-1? Immediate and total withdrawal from V.N. The M-DAY demonstrations In ootober did not Self-determination for Vietnam and Black only take place in the U.a. There were also America demonstrations in Paris, home, London, Dublin, End ABM and all forms of militarism Brussels, Copenhagen, Vienna, Tokyo and Australia. End racism and poverty \ In 30UTH VI-TNAM, Amerloan soldiers in Free speech for GIs various regions wore black armbands signifying Self-government for Washington D.C. their solidarity with the .Peace movement in tho Stop the repression-free all political States. And several groups of Amerloan civilians prisoners demonstrated their protest against Amerloan | End the draft imperialism in front of the American Embassy in planning to do so again, men in ASA are getting § End support to the Thieu-Ry regime Saigon. up a petition to send to Nixon for Nov. M-Day. § Priorities for social heeds, iiot war SO-DI-it r-KO'i'..- SOGG-STIOHS FOR PROTEST Other local Moratorium groups are making GIs protested in Nam. The Moratorium leadership has listed the plans to stay in their home communities, going . And in Turkey. following suggestions as ways for servicemen to door-to-door to talk with neighbors about the And also in West Germany. In Munioh and use their rights as American citizens to express War. Here in Berlin, American soldiers and Frankfurt, blacks and whites got together on and their protest to the War. students have been working together on plans for off base in peaceful sit-ins, wearing black arm­ § Hold a base meeting. There is, as you an American action in Berlin for M-Day on Nov. bands, flashing peace and power hand sign«, and probably know, a new DoD Directive on Dissent, so 15 (see article for details). rapping about .the War and the Army. it might be a good idea to tell your base The levies for Nam are still coming through commander that many men are uncertain as to how in Berlin, and each soldier here, as well as every this new directive affects them, and that you American citizen back in the States should make In Berlin some Sis at McNair wore blaok would like to have him or one of his subordinates the effort now to work for peace - to see that gloves on their left hand and armbands, and are oome to a basewide meeting to discuss your rights NO MORE GIs ARE SHIPPED TO NAM ! M-DAY at B.B. American citizens - G.I.'s, students, and workers - are KAISERSLAUTERN making plans for an M-DAY ac­ G.I.s in Germany recently staged two success­ ful demonstrations. The first in Kaiserslautern tion in Berlin on Friday and involved about 40 Gis and German supporters in Saturday, Nov. H and 15. front of the barracks. The GIs used Army paper and an Army mimeograph machine, printed hundreds Some G.I.'s have reported of leaflets, then distributed them clandestinely throughout the post and as far away as Vogelweh that they're planning to wear Shopping Center. black armbands and a black Copies appeared on unit bulletin hoards, in dayrooms, on the mess-hall door and stuck to walls glove on the left hand, a- outside the casern. The leaflets proclaimed an mong other things. Civilians ANTl-WAtt, ANTI-NAM, ANTI-ARMY. DEMONSTRATION. The Brass reluctantly admitted that the demonstration and the staff of Where It's was perfectly legal. At will be picketing in front of the PX and U.S. Mission, Friday, Nov. 14 11:00-1:00 Saturday, Nov.15 12:00-2:00 (If the German police don't make it too hard on us.} Come and see us! VALOR IN VIETNAM Many men who are sent to fight in »ietnam dis­ More than 1o0 black G.I.'s staged an anti­ approve of the war, and are increasingly showing war protest July 30, in the port hase of Qui their discontent and their sympathy with the ene­ Nhon in Kinh Hoa Province. The men marched from my. one end of the base to the other and also marched GRA FEN WOER Three thousand troops,stationed just north on the local airport. They shouted Slogans de­ of Saigon,demonstrated against the war on De­ manding peace, the end to U.S. agression in Viet­ Recently GIs in Grafenwoer held a candlelight cember 27, 1968. The troops, members of the 25th nam, and the immediate withdrawal of the U.S. demonstration for peace on the hallfield at Camp .Division at Dong Du hase near ou uhi district, • troops. Aother protest, in the port city of Vinh Aachen. The first night about 40 guys showed up, were supported by thousands of South Vietnamese lam, involved 25 G.I.'s who demonstrated pub­ the next night about 100. In an 8 page collective base employees. licly against the war. (SHAKEDOWN, Ft. Dix) statement GIs said: "We want something don« to Pour days later two truck loads of Saigon's insure our rights...We've seen their justice, one 25th Division in the Ben lue; district of long Recent figures of a B.S.T press service show kind for EM and another for NCO and offleers,,.? An province suddenly came upon English language desertions in Vietnam are running at the rate .The GIs, representing many units, said, "We streamers saying "Peace in Vietnam". The U.S. of ten a day. Some G.i.'s who desert in the field ar« going to keep a;.*sting here every night as long soldiers renounced their mission and frater­ merely roam the countryside trying Mot to get as we're up here on maneuvers." nized with the enemy. (1AST HARASS; Pt. Gordon) caught. The Provisional Revolutionary Sovernment . of South Vietnam (PRG) often helps each persons find housing and food. The PES will also help de­ When Company A Said "Nol" serters leave Vietnam and reach countries which do not recognise extradition of. u.Si service de­ serters. Some deserters join the military forces of the PRG, taking with them detailed Knowledge of how to work American equipment and how American units operate. There have been reports of mis­ directed artillery and helicopter fire in the Mekong Delta because deserters used stolen ra­ dios to cut in on Army frequencies* However, the intelligence reports the G.i.'s provide is the greatest asset to the PKG. As long as two years ago the U.S.-Saigon command was as­ tounded that the National liberation Pront would know of B52 strikes more than 24 hours in advance, it confused them because strike time« were never divulged to the ARVN troops, in addition, the Sergeant, you tell them that if they won't die for important people like us, alir knew about attacks flown from Okinawa, Thai­ they're cowardly and communistic and they won't get any more medals. land and Guam. RESISTANCE DOESN'T BEGIN^v^WITH M-DAY xhe legal defense emphasizes the point that the 38 had the right to revolt against an Fort Sam Houston, Texas .oppressive system. They stress that the 38 are Sp/4 Tom Connell and rfc Damon Kuttenburg not criminals but political prisoners. (90^ are were arrested at Port Sam Houston in September for there for being AWOl - a "crime" only in the allegedly distributing copies of Your military military.) Left. We GIs at Your Military Left are not going Charges have subsequently haen reduced or to sit back and let our rights be tread upon. We are setting up a legal fund for the use of GIs dropped for many of the 3«. William -rakefield, being "hung" by the brass. This fund will be . one of the ASU members still faced with charges, available to any soldier pending military or writes from the stockade: civilian charges involving violation of civil "This case is of great importance to the liberties who is unable to meet the high cost of D.S. because it can prove to the people of the good defense counsel. world that a supposedly free nation, founded on the principles of freedom and justice for According to later reports from GIs at Port all, is, in all actuality, a war-mongering, Sam, both Ruttenburg and Connell were transferred imperialist nation. A nation where the capital­ to other bases without any charges having been ists have their wars so they can sell their brought against them. GIs at Your Military Left goods, their gods, and their guns. This case have publicly condemned the recent punitive involves the whole social structure of the nation.' transfers of Gl3 associated with the paper. On And Terry Klug, another ASU member still Oct.8, Paul Reed, one of the editors, discussed imprisoned writes: these attacks by the brass on a nation-wide radio "You may wonder for what I am fighting and program. why? I'm fighting for mankind and me. As a self­ Fort Sam GIs have reacted by a vigorous ish individual I oannot say that i fight only for campaign to force the brass to acknowledge the my sons and grandsons so that they may live in a rights of GIs. They submitted to the Commanding better world! I too want to be able to live in General of the base a request for permission to peace and harmony with my fellowman and not in a hold an open meeting on Moratorium Day (oct.) world full of filthy injustice, exploitation and during off duty hours to discuss the right of STRUGGLES mass murder. The reason I became involved is dissent in the light of the recent DoD directive quite simple - probably the reason most people on the subject. m the past year there have been a number do; there came a point, when in trying to find The petition asked that the brass themselves of cases of resistance within the Army. In truth and honesty within myself, I could no longer provide the principal speaker to explain just what most of these, the Army moved in fast to try hide from the facts of everyday life. And this the legal rights of GIs are. to ruthlessly suppress the outbreaks. But vision imposed a duty from which 1 could not On Oct.10 QIs also submitted a request to time after time the Brass backed down again. escape." distribute the Bill of Kights under a heading Take the Presidio 27 and the Port Jackson 8, reading "These are your legal rights." for example, where charges were either completely dropped or sentences reduced to light ones. Why did the Army get cold feet? Everyone knows it has on its side the force and wealth and mass media. But there was a tremendous amount of solidarity for the dissenters both from within and without the Army. This shows that, although the Brass ls powerful, it is not all-powerful, - If the people unite to fight the oppression. What has been the content of these struggles? Gis have demanded no more that the rights already "guaranteed" to all Americans hy the Constitution. GIs demanded their rights of free speech, etc. _ut even demanding such basic rights can be explosive and revolution­ ary in an institution like the Military or in a Society which claims to be "democracy for all" but actually functions as a democracy for those with money - while people who work for a living experience denial of basic rights, injustice and inequality, every day of their lives. Getting in toucn with the American Servicemen's Union is one thing you can do to protect your­ Fort Bragg, North Carolina self and friends from tne brass. There is al­ &ls United Against the War in Vietnam at Port ready at least one local in Germany, ASU No. 34, Bragg, N.C. have Tieen holding meetings regularly wnlob puts out tno Baumholdor Gig Sheet. Accor­ Article 15 Insurance for the past few months, the largest taking plaoe ding to tne Army memo on dieeont (May 27, 1y6yJ, GIs in Berlin have organized Article 15 insur­ on Sept.16 only a few hours after brass denied the Union is not illegal. Offioers are not allow- ance. It goes like this. Everybody who wants them permission to distribute their antiwar news­ ed to bargain witn tne Union yet. But "no bar­ insurance gives a dollar op payday. Then if he paper Bragg Briefs. The 45 GIs at the meeting gaining" has always been the attitude of brass laid out plans for the fall anti-War offensive at and bigwigs to budding unions. When a union gets an Article 15 amounting to, say, 60 bucks, Bragg, including plans for a demonstration on base grows large and strong enough, the Army will he he will be reimbursed by this amount from the for last Oct. 11 as a first step in a massive forced to bargain. Kignt now some Union organ- insurance fund. The guys wno organized tne insur­ publicity campaign to tell GIs about the Nov.15 izers may get harassed by the brass on other ance, called it an "athletic fund". GIs are al­ mass action in Washington. onarges, but the Union protects its own. lowed to organize any kind of club they want and dispose of the club funds however they The latest information which Where It's At please. And tne brass can't bust yiu for it. has been able to obtain was that after filing a The first month, about half of tne guys third notice to distribute their paper GIs planned POR INÜORMATION AND CONTRIBUTIONS in tne unit joined. Then the insurance fell apa-t to wait 7 days. If then there is no response from ANDY STAPP for lack of organization. So, if you want Ar­ the Army or if distribution is disallowed, AMEKICAN SEttVlCEfeEN'S OTiOH ticle 15 insurance in your unit, make sure attorney Leonard Boudin of N.Y.,in conjunction 156 jflPTH AVE. ROOM 633 there are two or three responsible guys who with the GI Civil Liberties Defense Committee, . NEW YORE", _. Y. 10010 will keep it going. will seek a federal injunction safeguarding the or right to distribute. RITA ACS 10, Passage udn Chantier 12, Paris, Prance Bonds? From your first day uncle Fort Dix 38 Sam has beer. scre*ir.g you FACE a.' THE WAR SUCKS ! AND So 1 /»VM» SURE THAT /AY THIS IS THS FBRfA YOU U&fc -r0 ,\AAl£ out of ^5-^1u a month for We can learn a lot about ways to successfully YOUR BENEFICtARy, THE ONE WHO resist within tne military by looking at the Port IF THE ARMY KILLS US FOR [DEATH WILL DO $OM£ ÇOOD- ] U.S. savings Bonds. Any £JU IT. OUR LIVES WILL BE WAS-EP. you CAri PO T WITH YoUR ÇET5 io ÇRAND WHEN YOU THIS CRAP ABOUT AWKIN^ SÇLI AiHp VA FORM 21-82 06 ZAPPED IK WALLSTREETS VMR. AMD Port Dix Stjckade, after inmates had been forced YOU CAN MAKE ANYONE BENE he doesn't mind losing his THE WORLD SAFE FDP *DEMo 'SERVICEMEN'S GROUP LIFE pass or having JLT, but if to stand in formation for 5 straight hours through CRAC7" IS JU£T THAT INSURANCE E'LECTIOM." FTCIARy. jo MAKE IT SoMEONg. the hottest part of the day. But the rebellion WHO CAN - r"B—~" " enough GIs got together and was actually the result of a long series of EN» THIS refused harassment would grievances in the stockade: overcrowding (750 INSANE". stop. Tell them to send that prisoners out of a capacity for 350), interception vMR ' money to a bank for you and of mail to lawyers and friends, starvation rations, stop paying for the war racism, waiting months for trial, medieval forms twice. (ïour Military left; of torture in "aeg,"(the isolation cells used for special punishment^ 200 prisoners took part in the rebellion. 38 were then charged with to 3 rH arson, riot, and conspiracy. i +> cd 3 • d) H Some of those charged were members of the HO) Li C3 « American Servicemen's union I.ASU). The ASU I) +• o S set to work to rally popular support behind the *TH +* 38. ASU organisers at 150 bases around the > > P. Li ii na world publicized the case and urged support. •I U CD o The ASU appealed to the U.S. union movement, >rlÄ O and rank and file members even sent in some 4 TJ O f~t dollar bills, newspapers have cowered the 38, 4 C -H O mainly hecause of releases and news stories a "4f en o demanding iBeuET-iciAur/ AND specify THE 0ENE.FIT ?TV\y BE AWpt *J 0) Bftlij 1 ; "that all charges be dropped immediately'^ ^JUST CO TO PERSONNEL AND BY THE INSURED AT ANY TIME... TH6y A\Ay HOT BE SO BACi^R TO m « > 2) "the abolishment of the stockade system" ASK FOB VA FORM 2e»"0286. . AND THIS RKSjHT CAMNOT ߣ 5ENP you TO VlET-rvi/^rv,/ ra cd •H ~« cd O» C\J < " P IT'S PERFECTLY LEÇAL/ WAIVED OR RESTRICTED^ 3; "the freeing of hwey rtewton, the »... HOT VAMN/. < ed CI ÉH ï o> l-i 11 OEH .panther 21, the rresidio 27. and all ra Br. •H 25 i> s ra other political prisoners." - ttf f^ m x +> c •• <1>EH P i: m -. (Us on hase a__ use the Coffeehouse at Dix and M -H 53 Oi3 cd cd r~- ^, so OO r-H o un the GI newspaper Shakedown to help organize O) O M i xi support. IH -H En mx t eu .- o 01 rH < c ra cd m CD D An ad hoc committee to defend the Jfort Dix £oä W -H rH CO ^H 38 was formed by such groups as Kesistance, •S ? r-4 :» cd 3 •HO«H War and facism. There have been public demonstra­ .c jaïs s;x EH +> t-4 o x o o tions demanding _elr release. (cont.in col.2) SfH Winning Losing.. Working Americans have TTWh paying for the war on While the war In Vletr.na Th&* Working Americans have T Wn pay: can worker ;Jf30 billion annually, i'or- the home front as well as in Mam ever since real es­ porations are rolling In br» calation began In 1965. Weekly buying power of the only a dozen firms special 1 rin* tit ai iry buaineus average American worker nas been falling steadily ,(like McDonnell Dougla«, ü. . Lockheed, since 1965 for the first time since united Aircraft) together with 0« .-lectrlo and Average buying power per week(1957 dollars)* AT4T, got a third of all "dtftim" contract« in 1968? (Galbraith in Harpers, June White and How were these aontraota awarded Y blue colls, 57.* of all contraria war« awarded by workers prooeaees of negotiation with a single company 30.6* awarded by negotiation where alter- Hewsweek- (Oct. 6, 1969) stated that "despite big native ooapanlee had opportunity to wage increases, the average factory workers real oontribute income (i.e. buying power) has declined $ 1.09 only per week in the past year. The buying power of 11.5* open to advertised competitive bidding blue collar workers is falling fastest. Causes? War spending! The American worker has This means that for most oontracts only one been paying for the war in Vietnam since 1965 company is even considered and that there is no in increased taxes and higher prices infla- competition between companlea as to who can pro­ tion of up to 1% zwhich war spending has helped duce the best product the most Inexpensively, in­ cause. That tax money goes directly into the stead there is a kind of "deal" made between a pockets of weapons manufacturers! military official and the president of a Dig com­ pany. *QuotecLin the Wall Street Journal. (June 17,1969) How is lt that euch few companies get such big Contingency Plan hunks of defense contracts? One way they do it is Reports are increasing that the Pentagon has that industry works hand in glove with the military: drawn up a special contingency plan for leaving Vietnam which would provide for the last U.S. DJSCLARATIUN OF lNDüPODü-Nüli Top-ranking retired officers ~ troops to fight their wey to the embarkation employed by major defense firms* of the PUUPJUK • S REPUBLIC of VIJÏXNA* point through seas of former angry allies."sena­ Hanoi.1945 general Dynamics' tor Alan Uranston, a California Democrat said, Lockheed 1W "We should not move out so rapidly that they simp­ _l£2_ ly turn their backs and head for the harbors and All man ara created equals ch«y are endowed by their BoBlng then are open to being shot in the back by the ficDoanclI-Pottglas 141 Creator with certain inalianaol« Right«) among theee are aorth American Rockwell 1U4- South Vietnames who might become rather provoked." Ling-'üemco V ought 69 It once again reflects how the BS government Life, Liberty, and tha purault of Uapplneaa. thinks about an "ally", shove Diem into power, from a recent investigation by Senator Proxmire Thi« immortal atatement wa« made In the Déclarai. then stage a coup and have him assassinated, link 71 T^EëlïêsKJs^f^eôrpôr^itïons that produce between Ky to a smuggling ring when he doe en't toe the of Independence of the United 3tatee of America In 1776 a third and a half of the national product of the US line, and top lt off with ehootlng down half of In • broader sense, thi« m«an«i All the people« on th« the ARVw forces when we leave. ;>o, who are we could he seated comfortably in almost any. neighbor­ earth ar« equal from birth, all the pople« hay« a right hood motion picture theater." John Kenneth Salbraith, fighting for? to 11T«, to be happy and free. fi Tho«« are undeniable truths. If Is lt merely an accident that Ho Chi minh modeled the Declaration of independence of Vietnam after our own Declaration of Independence? For those who know something ahout the national Liberation JTont, it is difficult not to compare the Alur with the people's revolutionary organiza­ CONTEQUALITY. from p-2 ! tions of the American Revolution. was seized. "Loyalists were arrested for arming to support the felt their Revolution was being betrayed. "Their oreed'i British, for harboring or associating with Tories; recruiting wrote general Knox, "la that the property of the United Without an air force or a navy to speak of, the Vietnamese soldier«, refusing to muster; writing or speaking against the States has been protected from the confiscation of Britain have held the most powerful professional army in the world American cause; rejecting continental money, drinking to the by the Joint exertions of all and therefore ought to be at bay. And this has surprised everyone. The Americans have King's health..." Land was confiscated and redistributed 'among th« common property of all." Benjamin Franklin suggested found themselves fighting not an army, but a people. poor farmers. In New Jersey alone 500 estates ranging up to that liberty oould b« acheived only by limiting the a- You oan imagine how the profeseional British troops felt 6 million acre« w«r« forcibly divided up. mount of property owned by any man to what wa« needed to when that ragged band of American farmer« and aho?k««pe» So the struggle from 1776 to 1781 was not juat against th« support hlaaalf and hl« fanlly. Jefferson «uggeated that red a natch for them. The British wer« not bad man. British. It was also a struggle to impose the revolutionary the poor «hould b« exempt from tax««. A Virginia oewspl Bo«t of them probably wanted to go horn«. But th«y w«r« on ideas on the rest of the people. After the war waa won, a lot •aid that th« economy «hould be "taken out of the hand« of th« wrong «id« of li in tory, beoauae the Amerloan Revolution of so-called Americans, mostly rich property owners, left for individual« and b« carried on for the benefit of the pub­ wa« "an Idea whoa« time had oome"—which excited its fol­ lic by persons authorised by the legislature under stated lowers to enthusiasm, sacrifice, and dedication. England complaining of "terror". 1 DEMOCRACY IN Trlt ARMY I but liberal salaries' —in other words, a great many far­ In'Vietnam the KLJF army is just part of a politi­ mers and worker« wanted nationalisation of induatry. oal movement which has been building up for a long Along with the dual government Adams helped organise For thi» raaaon th« araad «trug«!, «g aft«r time. It ls tne movement of the poor against the the dual militia, or "minutemen". nilitiaB sprang up th« British had b«e in every town. They were the natural outgrowth from . of the peasant against the large property the Sons of Liberty and often had the same leadership PATRICK HENRY "innllt I fat". holder. And like the oolonial British, the colonl- ghey elected their officers and operated on the demo­ ,0P W,r oh# t 1 and now the b.B, tend to support the rich cratic principles for which they were fighting. Jï. ÏÎÎ S Ï! ! * «< «"t of th, birthright against the poor. Remember the midnight ride of Paul Hevere? That wae one looks at America today oan see that. And lt hap­ The Vlatnaaeee Revolution began with pamphlets, village meet­ shopkeeper who rode over to tell his neighbor that the war pened within ten years of the Revolution, when ing«, d«i a«. These were all part of the "struggle was on. The American army was in every way nonprofessional. the Constitution was written. aov«m«nt". Out of 1 >od politioal associations The Americans had little money, so officers could not be Wh«n the fifty-five delegates to th« Constitutional Con­ ther« grew a loo«« stricture called th« NLF. Th««« under­ paid high salaries. Even George Washington accepted noth­ vention in Philadelphia assembled, not ons member repres­ ground group« were •« thoa« which formed the Daugh­ ing but his carefully accounted expenses in payment;when ented the small farmer« and m«ohanio«, the working peopl«. ter« and dona of Liberty. Out of these group« grew th« mil­ the war was over, he thought only of going back to his Four fifths were men of property who gained dlreotlv from itia or guerilla unit«, and Ylatnas.««« ranaur-uoBe.rs return farm.British officers were well paid professionals, appoin­ the way they wrote the Constitution. They were ownere of to tend their crop« whan n«o««sary. Juat ilk« th« American ted by the imperialist British government. Democracy in the public securities, merchants, lawyers, moneylenders, slave­ Revolutionary Party, the NLF ha« set up a provisional govern­ Imerioan army often made for insubordination; Washington ment, redistributsd land, and written their own law« whioh f holders, land speculators. The "leftists" were not present »r te that the Yankees regarded their officers "as no more whpn the Constitution was framed. Patrick Henry stayed away they enforce by means of terror. than broomsticks". When the troops heard that crops were A^ecause he"smellt a rat'. Sam Adams—a favorite of the And like the American Revolution in its time, the Vietnamese ripening without hands to harvest them, or when they got Revolution is a "shot heard round the world. Everywhere in homesick or discouraged, they just went home. the world people are demonstrating and struggling for the Nevertheless, Jmerican morale was Srery high, especially Vietnamese Revolution. "The Communists have let loose a rev­ among guerillas like Ethan Allen and the Sreen Mountain olutionary idea in Vietnam" wrote ace counterinsurgent Jen- < boys. Even against odds of 35,000 British to 8,000 Americ­ eral Edward Lansdale, "It will not die by being ignored, as ana, the farmer-soldiers fought like inspired men and al­ bombed or smothered by us. Ideas do not die in such ways." ii ways returned to the attack till final victory came. The British army found herself fighting not merely an army but "INFILTRATION" a people. But what ahout all the outside help from China and ' That was a third principle of the American peoples' Russia? The truth is that even we Americans could liberation army: The peoples' army was an instrument •not have won our independence from the British if o^ 'fche Revolutionary Party and was structured acco^6> we hadn't had outside help from the great powers of Ting to tne democratic ideals ror wnicn tne party was the time, *rance, Spain, and Holland. ,fighting! When Washington formed the Continental army, men like Baron working people—was not invited, even though he had prac­ von Steuben trained them in modern warfare. The French help­ Today we can no longer find those revolutionary tically organized the Revolution. Jefferson was in Europe; ed sink 3OOO British freighters. At the decisive battle of democratic ideals in the American army. And the likewise Tom Paine. Yorktown General Washington's troops were outnumbered by J authoritarian character of the American army to- The whole purpose of the Convention,as their French comrades.. That does not mean that our revolu­ ! day is merely ar extension of the inequalities Hamilton said, was to protect the interests of the "few" tion was controlled by France I of contemporary American society. We can see that against the "many".These men all feared democracy because the American Revolution did not fully succeed. To they feared for their privileges as large property holders. —B> THE SPIRIT OF '76 LIVES ON el- I understand why, we must take another look at the it was in the interests of "property" that the There are two classes in the NLF just as there were in period immediately following the Revolution. Constitution was written. The privilege of the the American revolutionary party, taany of the poor workers COMMUNIST REVOLUTION 1776 ? and farmers who are fighting in the Vietnamese devolution rich was not to he threatened hy an "excess of dem­ are communists. This means that they won't be satisfied Historians agree that the American Revolution was ocracy." with throwing the French or the Americans out. They want made hy two classes of people. There were Che poor a redistribution of land, wealth, and power as well, just —like the Sons and Daughters of Liberty—who had THF BILL OF RIGHTS like the American farmers and workers did. At the same dreams not only of independence hut of equality. The farmers and workers who fought for the Revolu­ time there are many businessmen and professional people And there were the wealthier men, who worked for tion hated the Constitution so much that it almost in the NLF who are fighting for national independence so the Revolution because they did not like British was not passed by the'state legislatures at all. that they oan build up their own businesses and make restrictions on trade and manufacturing. finally it was accepted in each colony by a very profits in a "free enterprise" system free of foreifjn Wealthy Americans wanted to build their own factories» small margin, on condition that the hill or Rights control. they wanted «om« of th« profits for themselves. These two e added. classss—ths poor and th« more progressive among the weal­ The Bill of Rights guaranteed to all classes freedom of Does that mean that we should be against the thy—made the revolution together.But there was some ques­ speech a 1 of the press, freedom of religion, trial by jury, workers and farmers in the KLU" because they 1 want socialism? tion, even as th« gun« «topped booming, as to whether ths the rig" to bear arms, and so forth. But even so, the ma­ allianc« oould continue. jority of the population,—black people, women., and many A look at our own revolution is enough to make us under­ Even in the early day» of politioal struggle, the richer poor white-people—did not even have the right to vote. And stand why Vietnamese workers and peasants are determined supporters of the Revolution had distrusted the masse«. the Bill of Rights has never been taken seriously by those to build their own government and control their own.econ­ "The mob," said Governor Morri»,"b«gins to think and rea­ in power, as men in the army know only too well. A few years omy. If the workers and farmers fallow the upper classes son. ..Poor reptiles!...They bask in the sunshine, and ere later the Sedition Act made dissent illegal. Members of the too much control, the Vietnamese Revolution could be be­ noon they will bite, depend upon it. The gentry begin to Constitutional Convention even ensured that capitalists trayed just like the American'Revolution was, and the fear this."; There were even plans to havs Ceorge Washington would have epecial privileges. And as America grew richer differences between rich and poor will continue to grow as the new king or to establish a military dictatorship to and richer, th« power of private property in the hands of in Vietnam just like they did in America. From a look at protect the interests of the rich. the fewT-proteoted by the Constitution—, grew ever more im­ our own history, we can only hope that the Vietnamese At the other pole were the large massée of people who portant. farmers and workers will succeed! ment against the war and against the officers, of our publication, THE BOND. 'Hue program is: hut the men are still somewhat Intimated. There 1) An end to «alutin* and sir-ing of officers- Interview with have been very,very heavy prison sentences meted let's get off our knees. out in retribution. What the American Servicemen's Election of offloers by vote of the men. Union is trying to do is to rip away this veil of Racial equality. Andy Stapp on ASU fear so the guys won't feel they are just one guy Rank-and-filere' oontrol of court-martial This interview with Andy St*pu originally ap­ against the Pentagon. So that they'll feel that boards. peared in Movement April,1969. they are in an organization that includee thou­ 5) federal minimum wage«, mOvEmENTi Concretely, what does tht organisation sands of guys. 61 Th« right of fr«« politioal association. do? HOVJSMSHT: Tell us what the ASU is and where it 7) Th« right or collective bargaining. STAFF: ror one thing, we eaa send large quantities got started. 8) Th« right to disobey illegal .orders - like of anti-war, anti-imperialist, anti-raeiet litera­ STAPP: The ASU is a union of rank-and-file orders to go and fight an illegal war in Viet ture to Gxs that request it. We do this all th« enlisted men in the Army, the Navy, the marines, nam. time. We can organise civilian support demonstra­ and the Air Force. We have organizers on all the Th« union actually grew out of a series tions for Gis. .For instance, when Seoa of tho military reservations in the U.S., jsurope, and of court-martials at Jrt. Sill, Oklahoma in the Presidio 27 was given the 15 years, within an Viet Mam. The union has a program that appears summer of 1967. X was court-martialed along hour we had a demonstration going in Hew York on the union card and also in every issue with others who later became union organizers, City. We oan supply lawyer«, civilian lawyers, Dick Ferrin, Dick llge, and Faul uaedtkel. We to the GIB when they are in trouble. We've done saw that there was so much mass support for ua this with hundred« of guy«. among the enlisted men that we began to realize At Ft. Camphell, Ky. last April, when the .TARÉ WUOW&CB&&, flfMTSie. V£ lt was possible not just to agitate as indivi­ rebellions broke ont among the ulaok tils at the 1 D(8& SIR. \ . A i&oo duals against the Army, but to launch a mass cam­ 5th Div. in retaliation for the murder of martin „JMlfgSt paign involving hundreds and thousands of men. Luther King, the union only had two or three gays American Servicemen's Union (ASU) on the base, and we weren't able to respond, w« sat*«? 156 Fifth Ave. Hoom 633 didn't have an apparatus that oould move, and the WRITE TO: N.Y.,N.Y 10010 result was that the whole thing was don« in a let or of secrecy and there was no coverage in th« bour­ RITA ACT gois« press. 10, Passage du Chantier At Ft. Hood (where 43 .»lack guys refused to go 12, Paris, Prance *o the Chicago convention for riot control duty) it was different, because w« did hav« what th« Pentagon calls an inf ra-structur«. W« w«r« «bl« to move.' And that had a lot to do with th« Black guy« getting SO? TUB IS MV WITHDRAWAL- BUT< TO UWIIATE&U.V paper 1967) which resisted being sent to Viet Nam and had IT5 This essay by a member of the New Left to be broken up into smaller units and sent MOW! iÜAR?: probes behind the superficial reasons for the piece-meal, because tne unit as a whole was Vietnam War and analyses it in relation to the so determined not to go, the Brass was afraid history of the Cold War.and anticommunist to send it as one unit. ideology. Oglesby maintains that through the So, on tne one hand, you have this tre­ Vietnam War America has come face to face, nst mendous feeling, a great upeurge of mass senti­ with Vietnam, hut with herself, that the War is a crisis of Western identity. SOLDIERS ON VIETNAM

WHAT WE'RE PlUHTlNG POR VIETNAM: A Personal View A lot of men who haven't bees In Vietnam by Sp/4 Mike Connell(ret.).Champaign, 111. We are told that we are fighting in are against the war. But the men who have been Vietnam against Communist aggression. We I returned from Viet Nam in Jdarch after serv­ in Vietnam usually feel that they have to believe are constantly warned that if we don't stop ing for 13 months as a combat medic with American in the war. They've seen too much suffering Communism in Vietnam, then a giant 10,000 mile and Vietnamese troops in III corps, my first two and they've seen too many ouaaiee wounded or high slant-eyed domino will fall on California months of duty there were with a First Infantry dying to be against the war now. So much suffer­ and cause America to collapse and sink forever Division company northeast of Saigon. ing must have a good reason. And when a man's into the oceans of history. Our leaders In those two months with the American unit I buddy is shot up had, he can't help hut hate patiently explain to us that if we don't allot; harbored a fear and distrust of all Vietnamese: the Cong and want revenge, if that guy would 10,000 Americans to he killed each year for As a soldier it seemed to me my life was on a thin think twice about whose fault it is that his the next 5 or 10 years in order to prop up th« thread and any healthy Vietnamese could break it. buddy is in Nam, he might want to shoot his Duo Dictators (Thieu and Ky) in Saigon, then Yet I was happy to leave the Infantry when I was buddy's draft board officer. And if he thinks we will quickly lose our freedoms and rights offered the job of medical advisor on a 5 man team again, he'll ask himself who the draft board (except for the ones Mayor Daley already took) working with the local Vietnamese troops. For the works for. Berlin to the Big Red Tide of the international Commun­ next 11 months I was in close contact with the ist Conspiracy and its brother the Yellow Hordes people - soldiers, farmers, village chiefs, of Genghis Mao and Kubla Ho. Buddhists and Catholics. Through them I came to see what the war really meant to the people of -from Bead On, GI newspaper at that country - and to us also. Camp Lejeune, N,C. I saw Americans, all day long, driving by in Jeeps, or trucks, or tanks, or on foot patrolling through the hamlets, unable to communicate with the people except by giving their unwanted oandy ration to the kids. I began to see that for the average Vietnamese the American Army is an army of occupation - ever present, extremely powerful, and completely above the influence of any of them. And I noticed that whenever my team left a supposedly T-flt NAr-A.ua 3'lUKlC pacified village the Viet Cong would move right — Pfc, 4?nd engineers, Berlin back in. Even at night the guerrillas would steal into the hamlets we were supposed to secure to propagandise and reprovision. Not once did a War local citizen inform on them or come to us for Is a game help except for emergency medical treatment. For that is played by children the people of Viet Nam, We are the Enemy! But soon, lake all children do, They weary of it. Hello Friends Back in the World Then, It becomes a war. Over here in Vietnam most of the guys openly . wear peace medals and buttons on their uniforms. Those who don't have them draw the peace symbol on their hats or helmet covers. The attitude toward the bread crusts tossed out by the Nixon admini­ stration regarding pullout ia one of cynicism. We've heard so much about peace and pullouts we're immune to it. "Seeing is believing" is the unanimous feeling. Thus We have no faith whatso­ ever in the official efforts in our behalf. 42nd Engineers, Berlin What we need most is continued increasing and aggressive pressure directed against the admini­ stration in the efforts of peace. You must renew your dedication. If you feel a little apathy creeping up on you think of the thousands of your unwilling brothers over here who must endure not only the yoke of military restric­ tion but especially the senseless risks of life Where It's At encountered every day. Just one life wasted while talks stall would be sufficient oause to pursue activism in the anti-War movement. But over 10,000 have died sinoe Paris Peaoe Talks have Vol.II No.2 begun. Men are still dying needlessly. The Where It's At is written by ex-GIs, students, and wealth of our nation is being squandered, to say other Americans working in Berlin. *e pay for the nothing of the ravages suffered by all Vietnamese newspaper out of our own pockets, so contributions people. are a big help. Send articles, lettere, and Please ! Keep the spirit of peaoe vibrantly suggestions, with or without your name, to: alive" We need your support so badly, and we WHEKJÏ IT'S AT appreciate it so much. 1 Berlin 12 PFC in the Da Bang area of Vietnam Postfach 65 (The Ultimate Weapon - Port Dix) Responsible for contents: Stan Kl],fr. Berlin T6. Stickers announcing M- Dey appeared all over baa« in MOT- stration, sither those by tha Ameri. ember - inside lookers, on oana at B.B. or that by the Germans officers' offioe doors, aoross downtown. The UCaJ prohibits thé bumpers and windshields of demonstrations by GÎs in a lifers' ears. p in foreign country, but to demand Many GIs, inoluding a group i;iv < l that a Gl not «ven go near a of at least 50 infantrymen who I iecc«T. A 0 demonstration is not only re­ pressive but really ridiculous. had gone on maneuver« to thefllone decide, at a Co«mend meeting at B.B. to use threats In apite of MI, many (fis did go observe just before M-Day, planned té wear and repressive aeaeuresvto intimidate the £Ms. both demonstrations. At least one in­ black armbands. Other GIs at MoVair severthelesi, many •!• in Berlin and in tha fantry man marched downtown along with planned to plaoe lighted can­ Zone did wear the armbands, on duty and off. Sea» the Germans. dles in the barracks windows. were threatened with court«artial, but tha threat But lt ls dangerous land foolish The Brass, awars that Gla a bluff. One man at Andrews said he hoped his action for Individuals to try to take on the were beginning to join the would enoourage others to take a stand themselves. entire Army alone. Organization is peace protests baok in the World» Some platoon leaders told £aa that they necessary to fight against Army re­ got themselves together too - to should not be eeen in the vicinity of any demon­ pression.

WTHPRAV ALL, .1/ FRIENDLY THE TROOPS Now I LOCAL aa KWpjWTlyit " WY or AY / FR££ HU£\! FREE806rfl FRIE.N M vot; r/A/i? ON ^y an €SSdQ rotn (x er ma* ^cmonsircL+ors: FREE. ALL CI $ After their w-Day demonstration December 13, large numbers of uerman workers and students will orders for warn before b» lé forced to become a war A/OU/.' gather outside wcNair. The uermans are asking for criminal by circumstance, The slaughter of our Gis permission to drive out in a caravan to ncNair vevery fifth infantryman is killed, 90£ are and assemble there for a rally early in the wounded!; must come to an end. evening. They have not yet had a reply from Crowds of foreign demonstrators don't always FTA! the police department. look too friendly to the naked eye, and some lOCMC Un M-Day the uermaiB are demanding immediate àis have thought that the uermans who have withdrawal of u.s. troops from* Vietnam and demonstrated against the war were demons­ immediate release of members of the jilack trating against America and against Amer­ Panther Party who are being held by the ican soldiers, That is not true. Just like FOR G/$ ' pigs on trumped up charges. There were the millions of Americans who demonstrated" over 10,u00 in the demonstration in on H-i)ay the uermans are AirAiflST the"""" .Berlin flovember 15. .Itary-lnaustrial complex and theTop T \ This month the uermans want to brass only, and that means that they "are 1UK the American jpeople and i?0iB the Gl. \ demonstrate against repression of -•VA- GI rights by the army. vJrree all The demonstration will be peaceful. If political prisoners now! free all the brass tries to cancel leave because oris nowU GIs must win the right of this demonstration, it is simply an to refuse illegal orders, especial­ attempt to irritate us and make us an­ ly the right to refuse ordereto gry at people who are helping to work >REWf ê fight in the illegal Vietnam war. for our rights. Wow that it seems likely that the P.». if the SS police won't let them government will try to prosecute The German people are supporting co«»e out here, we can watch them do their thing the Gis who took part in the üong us! Let's support them too by- putting, on our own show! Tell your for us in town aoout 2P.M. and later Saturday, wy massacre as war criminals, every DSJO • ,13. -Thm Panthmra will ,hm t.hara I ,.. . —- SrTuUst-tia^^^e~Tlgfct "to -Tê-fuT 'alroal llie demons lia llun 24 HOUR "* XT CANNOT tf^U-V JE TftKE»/ftwftV FRô*Y««> * fti'i SONG MY caused the deaths of 42,000 Aaaricâha. *hèir hsAjoda will never smell of blood, for they are the The Establishment press has expressed its big fish. And it'a an old did trick to catch the M DAY VIGIL moral outrage over the incident at Song Hy and little fish and leave the big ones untouched. claimed that Americans have always made moral But the Song My incident pointa out quite differentiations between personal and impersonal clearly the need for Gla to stand up for their killing. We ask, what's the difference? What's righta and duties as citizens and human beings,, to z PM Friday, Dec.12 - 2 PM Saturday, Dec.13 the difference to a-Vietnamese peasant whether he fight back at such cruelty, and injustice. If we in front of BB is shot with an M-16, burned alive by napalm, or look at the UCMJ, we find that an EM ia required to blown apart by a fragmentation bomb? As the Hew obey only reasonable and legal ordera . We blamed Open letter to GIs in Berlin from the York Times wrote, the only difference in the the Germans for obeying illegal ordera under the Moratorium-Day Action Committee: attack by C-Company was that they sa7 the people Nazis, and we condemned them at the Nuremberg Why did American civilians in Berlin demonstrate they killed and then told the story on TV. Trials. '*' in front of the Consulate last M-Day? Why will we And for the same reason we find it unjust for In Meadlo's home town, the one man who saw be holding an all-night vigil this M-Day at BB? the Establishment press and officials to keep the incident at Song My clearly waa Paul David's To show our support for GIs étationed here who piling the moral blame upon the GIs caught in the father. "That's the reason they send those young are against the war in Vietnam. We believe that limelight of this incident. Newsweek writes of the guys over there," he aaitt; "They don't know any civilians and GIs and Vietnamese all have a common brutalizing effect of this wan But the brutal­ better so they take those ordera. Paul David enemy - the people who are responsible for Qragging izing certainly doesn't start with the War in didn't know any better. But me, I would have out XI13S war. TneBe same people are preventing GIs Vietnam for many EMs. Many have had to grow up in known who to shoot. If if had been me out there, from exercising the basic rights guaranteed them brutal surrondings, facing cops in the streets I would have swung my rifle around and shot by the Constitution. We believe that GIs and and unconcerned teachers in the schools. When they Calley instead - right between the goddamned civilians must unite to fight these injustices. are channeled into the Army,' the brutalizing eyes... That would have ended the whole thing simply becomes much more intense and thorough. right there." Basic training tries to shape them into at least (Quoted in International Herald Tribune. Nov.27,1969; passive compliance and acceptance of such brutal­ ity. The new recruit is made to accept it as Black Panthers part of growing up, as part of life. And not only is he trained for brutality. He is also trained that orders are orders and must igr*j>Talk with GIs be obeyed. And, the class structure of the Army Two members of the Black Panthers are coming (officers vs. enlisted men) makes it nearly im­ to Berlin to talk with GIs about oppression in the possible for an EM to successfully challenge an Army and the War in Vietnam. All GIs (yellow, illegal order, since he has to go through another bjack, brown, white, red, or pink; are welcome to officer to do it, and officer solidarity is come. As Huey Newton uaid, "We don't hate white strong. So even though such illegal orders and people, we hate the oppressor: if the oppressor travesties of justice are part of daily experience happens to be white then we hate him." The Black in the Army, the GI is quickly taught that "he has Panther Party has close alliances with the Young no choice" but to obey orders. Once that principle Lords, a Puerto Rican youth party, and the Young has been forced upon him and accepted, he has sur­ Patriots, a white youth party. They also have rendered all control over his own life. He can worked closely together with white groups. be shaped and moulded to carry out the worst kind The Panthers are interested in working with of dirty work for the interests of others, GIs in Europe against army oppression. They have A good example is that of ex-GI Paul David already held talks and shown films in several Meadlo, one of the GIs involved at Song My. In garrison cities in the Zone. his television interview with CBS, he stated some There is nothing illegal about hearing the uncertainty about shooting women and children, but Panthers speak, so the meeting can't be busted. did anyway because he was under orders. It is If the Brass tell you it's off-limits, make good because of the submission to a brutal atmosphere and sure that is official and not just b.s. forced on. new recruits by the Army that we find i+ The Panthers are coming at 5:30 Dec. 12th wrong to make scapegoats of those ÎM (Friday) to the Evangelisches Studentenheim (ESG) and NCOs involved. $h& ultimate at Gelfert Strasse 4*5. This street is across the blame cannot lie with those forced intersection from Harnack House. Take the Army to do the dirty work for others. The' bus, weat loop, and get off at Harnack House, or system and the men who control it are walk from Oskar-Helene-Heim U-Bahn Station, down really to blame, for it is their stri­ Sargemunder Str. past the B*B. Hdgts. Main Gate ving for greedy self interest that until you come to Gelfert Str. has perpetuated the brutality and If you can't make it by 5:30, come late!

•A SFC "Pat" Jack of the ASA Field Station was lÀév&ee •&«• ©St 6A coro ®0 heard commenting on by a GI stationed in Berlin last M-Day's supporters: "I would like to take In the fantaatioally effioient oriminal inveatigation department the M-Day November all of these demonstra­ latest hang-up is pot and other "subversive"* activities. If any of VIETNAM; .apt. Allan J. Goldstein stated in an interview tors out, line them up, . our readers happen to be oalled to visit our local gestapo oell, ie- in the International Herald Tribune that support for machine gun them, and ember these few thingst M-Day among the troops is overwhelming. He circulated a throw them into a ditch. 1. Immediately after your sailing interrogator shakea your hand, petition signed- by 136 people in support of M-Day. "I've Ed's note: We're glad he'll give you a quasi-reading of your righta. DCMAMD füBMi talked to many people who agree with the petition, but to see that you've been Don't be thrown off by his friendly manner. Call a lawyer, it is difficult to get them to sign because of fear. Any­ studying your World War (JAG Division) and olaa up like a steel trap. body here can be shipped out to the field... But everyone II history books, Pat 2. Remember at all times they have to prove that you are guilty. here wants out exoeot a few blood-and-guts officers who Jaok, but why don't you Proof is more than someone's word. want to help their careers and don't care how many people o with the good guys are killed doing it." 3. Don't sign anything. now' 4. As they interrogate you, they'll imply that all your friends BERLIN: About 60 Americans pioketed Friday and Saturday have turned against you and you should sing like a bird. afternoons in front of the American Consulate aoross from 95> of the time this is false. They can lie to you without the FX, demanding immediate withdrawal of troops and batting an eyelash. Demand to see their proof in writing. showing their solidarity with GIs, many of whom came out 5. Refuse to fink on your friends, they try this all the time. to observe the demonstration. would you like to see a person spend 10 years of his life in 10,000 Berlin students marched downtown on Sat. prison for this kind of subversive aotivity? John F. Kennedy High School- About 20 students All in all, the swift sword of the CID would more aptly be called a attended the M-Day demonstrations on Friday and Saturday. broken broomstick. If you see them, keep your eyes & ears open and At the Moritorium Assembly during the Friday: noön hour, and in classes, students had the chance to discuss Viet your mouth closed. Kemember, anything you say could cripple you for Nam. There was nearly unanimous support for M-Day a long time. activities. * Note: "Subversive" activities mean for example exercising your Berlin-American High School- several students ht way I ste it,my bein' here constitutional rights of freedom of speech, right to assemble, right )lps «as« unesplosent and racial] mimeographed information sheets about the demonstrations [tensions at hose. I'a gettin' to petition the government in case of grievance, and freedom of the and put them in everyone's locker. GID swooped In, and jkilled as a public service."_ press. • all teacherswere ordered to tell their students they » *. rom a cook back from ould be expelled and receive no recomendations from the Nha Trang Air Base, Nam: |ï High School if they participated "There were Vietnamese WHY AMERICANS AT oeMOMSTMTIOMS CARRY THE AHrR»CAN REVO UJTV ONRRY FLAO -£ KP's working with us in AUOMG WlTrt THE NATIONAL LIBERATION FRONT FLAG* S 5o You VONYLike the kitchen, fte'd.go out drinking and stay on our Uav« you ever -fell hatred r«\ Vlortd Wer II side of town. The boys o<" bi ft s. r nftiS , or COA$V» i ©i, rrvo»f German people would stay on theirs. WV\ai\ ^ o u 've jee-rt or hear* obeyed Witter WRITE YOUR om! Sometimes we'd all get c\t i»\ôAs t r*.t» rj _*\Ji \itrt wrong. drunk and go out together someplace in the middle. Carrying a. V/ic-fnaMftte. 41 a« Art America.*« 30 1*3 +0 con+inue (fLV SEND SUGGESTIONS, ARTICLES or «.nanti n« tnaVin* +h* «ame nvs+ake? The next morning we'd all • LETTERS, DRAWINGS, come in with hangovers. Ho- Ho- Ho- CKi-Wink? with or without your Ho CV\ih Winh i« a symbol "We would be hit one like &e-rge Vlashi neton signature night and the next morn­ You +h i nk th«y ' re *eini radical* TO or hippies, or Ccr>nuni St* -- or tWtir» Uw+Ker VC'nj; ing all the K_t"s would In the middl« •* Va.hinaton or the struggle o* a. people call in sick. They'd been LAWYERS out all night mortaring Youna American» -r&r freedom, The staff of where It'3 AX knows the importance of GIs VsJK, .+' maUci +K«a* alO it? us. We knew it. They knew knowing their legal rights and having access to civiian we knew it. They were A*d the Vietnamese *lag defense in case of court martial. We are now in touch to,*. *v\i nk they <*te\r\+ like the American coVor.ia-1 ^M only interested in the with several civilian lawyers who have indicated their plane3." the &i» +0 1 »sc or -the American r-e.vol a> ionary tlfl.« willingness to defend Gla. Betct-ie they want *_»_*'• ~Tr«ad on *\e " the VietcoA« -ro w»n? Is tne banner that carries Mark Lane has offered his legal services free to You ttv»r»fc V^ty a re üopaf ri ot i C -- the *ope- ot many £\ople. any GI discriminated against because he is black or Btcau.se tKey want anti-war or anti-Army. He can be reached c/o Mike Where It's At ïoung, another lawyer who will assist GIs. no more GIs to die? m n 6 Frankfurt/Main Vol.11 No.3 Americans ijraw *p +0 believe Eschenheimerlandstr. 275 All persons sh©u.la k«, free. Tele: (0611) 550229 (Frankfurt) Address: 1 Berlin 1if ^Wo.t d&e- oft* do If you need advice as to your legal rights under Postfach 65 v*Ue»\ one's gov«rnmeft+ the UCMJ or as to how to reach a lawyer get in touch Selephone: 881-57-55 or launches a. wa.r öS de a+h with us. Also let us know if you need civilian observers 24-49-73 and dominât i on? or support at your court martial. When telephoning, Responsible for contents: give first name only.(See box right for address & phone) Stan Eller, Berlin 36

M

History of the Vietnamese defies the Geneva Agreements. CIA agents report to Pres. Eisenhower that 80% of the Vietnamese population would vote for Ho Chi Struggle for Ind pendence Minh as President of a unified Vietnam. 1840 Colonial conquest of Vietnam, Laos and colonial armies against the Viet Minh With US encouragement, Diem refuses to have resistance. Blaok troops from Africa Cambodia by France. elections held. The Hanoi government con­ and the West Indies quickly become aware tinues efforts to hold the promised free 1919 At the WWI Peace Conference, Ho Chi Minh ef the fact that thay are being used as elections until 1958. During this time and other S.E. Asian nationalists request cannon fodder in a racist war of conquest. there is a lull in military struggle. the Allies to affirm the principle of self- France is only able financially to The Diem Government rejects the land reform determination for Indo-China. This first continue its war for domination in Viet initiated by the Viet Minh government to attempt to negotiate for S.E.Asian independ­ Sam because of American aid received provide free land for the peasant-farmers, ence failed. The S.E. Asian nationalists through the Marshall Plan. and instead puts in an agrarian program had been foolish enough to think that the —-—-••_»•——-»____-__ n ~* • forced by the polioe requiring collection proclaimed Western ideals of "Liberty, 1949 French officials, after two yeare of arguing, of 5 year« back rer.t for the former lar.; Fraternity, Equality" would be applied to convince Bao Dai to return to Vietnam to lords. Civil »ar begine in the south, led head a "legitimate* Vietnamese government. ^heir cause. __. by nationalist south Vietnamese reople 1930 Vietnamese stage reyolt against French At thie timo the French colonial war against the Diem government. The resistance domination and fail. Ho Chi Minh exiled. assumes the guise of the defenee of a forces are named the national Liberation 1JM-Q Japanese troops move into Indo-China. yietnamese government, Front of South Vietnam (ILP-SVN). The Diem 1950 CIA operators decide upon Mgo Dinh Diem, to The Viet Minh resistance movement is at that time residing in Tokyo, as a suit­ regime calls these forces the Viet Cong. 1945 formed in Vietnam to wage guerrilla warfare able replacement for the corrupt and un­ The HLP issues a statement of their program against the Japanese and French. The Viet popular government of Bao Dai, when the planning to "overthrow the camouflaged Minh Liberation group is a broad coalition time would be appropriate. colonial regime of the American imperialists of Vietnamese nationals of varying political and the dictatorial power of Ngo Dinh Diem, 1954 In this year the US was paying 78£ of the servant of the Americans, and institute a views, including Communists, led by Ho Chi French war costs, (reported in New York Minh. At this time the Viet Minh are government of national democratic union." Times. July 4) T •!•_——-jieueiinww II.. 1 - —_____ allies of the Americans in fighting to 1960 Ho Chi Minn's government formally defeat the Japanese in WWII, helping to May 8 The French are defeated by Viat Minh forces at Dien Bien Phu. acknowledgee the NLF and gives training liberate American and Allied pilots, and 1954 and material assistance to the South Viet­ acting as scouts for commando raids by 1954 Geneva Conference is held. The Armistice namese fighting against Diem. At this time, _-» — Alliée. , , , Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities however, the vast majority of NLF arms March 9 Japanese take over full control of provides for a military truce between the continue to be American equipment captured Viet Minh foroes, who at this time control 1_945 Indo-China. from or aold by Diem's troops. Aug. 19 Viet Minh set up a government in Nßo Thi Tuyet, 18, 196*3 Diem's political and military control in 194 5 Saigon to replace Bao Dai, former of the south Vietnam is rapidly deteriorating. puppet Emperor under the French and Pres. Kennedy decides to send American Japanese. guerilla advisors, but says, "In the final analysis, / oelt around it's their war. They're the ones who have Sept. Ho Chi Minh issues Declaration of to win it or lose it. We can help them, 1945 Independence, modelled on the American Chu Lai. give them eguipment, we can send our men declaration of July 4, 1776. there ae advisors, but they have to win it." Sept. 23 The French, supported by the British 1964 NLF controls half the area in the south. 1945 and Japanese, move troops against the 1965 Desertion rates among new recruits in Diem's _YifiU.._U«fa. ÎJ^TôT vietnamësë^êrr^ôr^ and the army is up to 30%. The Johnson Administra­ Jan. General elections in all of Viet Ham Frenoh military command. The Agreement tion, fearing the collapse of the Saigon 1946 confirm the legitimacy, of the Viet Minh stipulates that all Frenoh troops should government, decides upon direct American government. remain below the 17th Parallel, and the intervention, and begins the bombing of Viet Minh foroes above it. The 17th north Vietnam. The "pacification" program March Ho Chi Minh signs agreement with the Frenoh Parallel is not understood to be a polit­ 1946 which states, "The Government of France is begun in an attempt to win over the ioal division of the Vietnam nation into people of south Vietnam with propaganda recognizes the Republic of Vietnam as a two separate lands, but only as a provi­ free state having its own government and and force. . sional boundary to separate military foroes 1968 The Paris Peace Talks begin and accomplish IJLSLparliamentj^ its army and its finances.'' pending free general elections for a nation­ 21 New York Times writes, "Ho Chi Minh... nothing. The Vietnamese nationalists state Sept. al government of a unified Vietnam, to be that the US, as foreign aggressor, has no 1946 is Viet Nam. That strange little figure, held in 1956 under international supervision. meek in appearance, yet so determined in right to be in Vietnam; they believe that The election and the military truce are Vietnamese independence from American control purpose, emboldened the spirit, the aspi­ Interdependent. _-—— rations and probably the future of the is pot negotiable. new state. He moulded it, he put it 1955 Franoe pulls out of Vietnam, and the US Sources: Bertrand Russell, War Crimes in Viet through fire, and he will guide it." move« in, backing the puppet government Ham. 1967 23 French bomb Haiphong; and move in more in Saigon, now under the leadership of Diem. American Friends Service Committee, Nov. In helping to establish a separate state 1946 troops. Frenoe offioere directed a ore« south of the armistioe line, the 05 directlj Peaoe in Viet Nam. 1966. of foreign legionnaires, mercenaries and

L Stickers announoing M- Day appeared all over base in Nov­ atration, either thoae by th« ameri. ember - inside lookers, on oana at B.B. or that by tha Germans officers' offioe doors, aoroes downtown. The UCMJ prohibits thé bumpers and windshields of demonstrations by GIs in a lifers' ears. p in foreign country, but to demand Many GIs, inoluding a group i;iv < l that a GI not «ven go near a of at leset 50 infantrymen who I «arc«T. A 0 demonstration is not only re­ had gone on maneuver* to thefïone pressive but really ridiculous. 1 decide, at a Command meeting at B.B. to use threats In apit« of MI, many GIs did go observe just before M-Day, planned to wear and repressive aeaeuretvto intimidate the £Ms. both demonstrations. At least one in­ black armbands. Other Gla at MoNair severthelees, many *!• In Berlin and in the fantry man marched downtown along with planned to plaoe lighted can­ Zone did wear the armbands, on duty and off. Somm the Germans. dles in the barracks windows. vera threatened with court«artial, but tha threat But lt la dangerous land foolish The Brass, aware that Gla a bluff. Orna man at Andrews said he hoped hia action for Individuals to try to take on the were beginning to join the would enoourage others to take a stand themselves. entire Army alone. Organization is peace protests baok in the World, Some platoon leaders told Ems that they necessary to fight against Army re- got themselves together too - to should not be seen in the vicinity of any demon- pression.

WTHPRAV AL± ,1/ FRIENDLY THE TROOPS Now I LOCAL CJÄ KWpjWTiyit FR££ HUEY! FREE806rfl " WY or AY / €SSdQ rotn (x er ma* ^cmonsircL+ors: FRIE.N \i YOU FM/E ON ^y an FREE ALL Gl$ Ttil% After their M-Day demonstration December 13, large numbers of uerman workers and students will orders for warn before hm lé forced to become a war HOUt! gather outside wcNair. The uermans are asking for criminal by circumstance, i-he slaughter of our Gls permission to drive out in a caravan to ncNair vevery fifth infantryman is killed, 90£ are and assemble there for a rally early in the wounded!; must corns to an end. evening. They have not yet had a reply from Crowds of foreign demonstrators don't always FTA! the police department. look too friendly to the naked eye, and some Un M-Day the u-ermaxe are demanding immediate àis have thought that the uermans who have lOCMC withdrawal of U.S. troops from* Vietnam and demonstrated against the war were demons­ immediate release of members of the .alack trating against America and against Amer­ Panther Party who are being held by th« ican soldiers, xhat is not true. Just like pigs on trumped up charges. There were the millions of Americans who demonstrated* FOR G/$ ' over 10,u00 in the demonstration in on H-uay the uermans are AirAiflST the"""" .Berlinflovember 15 . itary-lndustrial complsx and theTop T This month the uermans want to brass only, and that means that they "are \ FÜR the American jpoople and POjB. the Gl. \ demonstrate against repression of -•VA- GI rights by the army. ^Free all The demonstration will be peaceful. If political prisoners now! free all the brass tries to cancel leave because oris nowU GIs must win the right of this demonstration, it is simply an le v^ to refuse illegal orders, especial­ attempt to irritate us and make us an­ ly the right to refuse orderato gry at people who are helping to work >REWf ê fight in the illegal Vietnam war. for our rights. Now that it seems likely that the P.». if th« SS police won't let them government will try to prosecute The oerman people are supporting us! Let's support them too by come out here, we can watch them do their thing the Gis who took part in the üong for us in town ahout 2P.M. and later Saturday, My massacre as war criminals, every putting, on our own show! Tell your Poo • ,1 3. -Tho Pa nth or a will ,ha t.hara I ,.. . —- SrTmiBt-^iav^'-tlirTL'igirt "to re-fur 'alroal llie demons lialluu

24 HOUR "* XT CANNOT i_-»rtTalk with GIs be obeyed. And, the class structure of the Army I'WO members of the Black Panthers are coming (officers vs. enlisted men) makes it nearly im­ to Berlin to talk with GIs about oppression in the possible for an EM to successfully challsnge an ArMy and the War in Vietnam. All GIs (yellow, illegal order, since he has to go through anothsr bjack, brown, white, red, or pink; are welcome to officer to do it, and officer solidarity is come. As Huey Newton uaid, "We don't hate white strong. So even though such illegal orders and people, we hate the oppressor: if the oppressor travesties of justice are part of daily experiwnn« happens to be white then we hate him." The Black in the Army, the GI is quickly taught that "he has Panther Party has close alliances with the Young no choice" but to obey orders. Once that principle Lords, a Puerto Rican youth party, and the Young has been forced upon him and accepted, he has sur­ Patriots, a white youth party. They also have rendered all control over his own life. He can worked closely together with white groups. be shaped and moulded to carry out the worst kind The Panthers are interested in working with of dirty work for ths interests of others, GIs in Europe against army oppression. They have A good example is that of ex-GI Paul David already held talks and shown films in several Meadlo, one of the GIs involved at Song My. In garrison cities in the Zone. his television interview with CBS, he stated some There is nothing illegal about hearing the uncertainty about shooting women and children, but Panthers speak, so the meeting can't be busted. did anyway because he was under orders. It is If the Brass tell you it's off-limits, make good because of the submission to a brutal atmosphsre and sure that is official and not just b.s. forced on new recruits by the Army that we find it The Panthers are coming at 5:30 Dec. 12th wrong to make scapegoats of those EM (Friday) to the Evangelisches Studentenheim (ESG) and NCOs involved. _f_> ultimate at Gelfert Stras«« 4*5. This street is across the blame cannot lie with thoae' forced intersection from Harnack House. Take the Army to do the dirty work for others. The' bus, west loop, and get off at Harnack House, or system and the men who control it are walk from Oskar-Helene-Heim U-Bahn Station, down really to blame, for it is their stri­ Sargemunder Str. past the B*B. Hdgts. Main Gate ving for greedy self interest that until you come to Gelfert Str. has perpetuated the brutality and If you can't make it by 5:30, come late!

•A