Trace Element Inventory of Meteoritic Ca-Phosphates
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Handbook of Iron Meteorites, Volume 3
Sierra Blanca - Sierra Gorda 1119 ing that created an incipient recrystallization and a few COLLECTIONS other anomalous features in Sierra Blanca. Washington (17 .3 kg), Ferry Building, San Francisco (about 7 kg), Chicago (550 g), New York (315 g), Ann Arbor (165 g). The original mass evidently weighed at least Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta, Chile 26 kg. 22°54's, 69°21 'w Hexahedrite, H. Single crystal larger than 14 em. Decorated Neu DESCRIPTION mann bands. HV 205± 15. According to Roy S. Clarke (personal communication) Group IIA . 5.48% Ni, 0.5 3% Co, 0.23% P, 61 ppm Ga, 170 ppm Ge, the main mass now weighs 16.3 kg and measures 22 x 15 x 43 ppm Ir. 13 em. A large end piece of 7 kg and several slices have been removed, leaving a cut surface of 17 x 10 em. The mass has HISTORY a relatively smooth domed surface (22 x 15 em) overlying a A mass was found at the coordinates given above, on concave surface with irregular depressions, from a few em the railway between Calama and Antofagasta, close to to 8 em in length. There is a series of what appears to be Sierra Gorda, the location of a silver mine (E.P. Henderson chisel marks around the center of the domed surface over 1939; as quoted by Hey 1966: 448). Henderson (1941a) an area of 6 x 7 em. Other small areas on the edges of the gave slightly different coordinates and an analysis; but since specimen could also be the result of hammering; but the he assumed Sierra Gorda to be just another of the North damage is only superficial, and artificial reheating has not Chilean hexahedrites, no further description was given. -
19660017397.Pdf
.. & METEORITIC RUTILE Peter R. Buseck Departments of Geology and Chemistry Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona Klaus Keil Space Sciences Division National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Mof fett Field, California r ABSTRACT Rutile has not been widely recognized as a meteoritic constituent. show, Recent microscopic and electron microprobe studies however, that Ti02 . is a reasonably widespread phase, albeit in minor amounts. X-ray diffraction studies confirm the Ti02 to be rutile. It was observed in the following meteorites - Allegan, Bondoc, Estherville, Farmington, and Vaca Muerta, The rutile is associated primarily with ilmenite and chromite, in some cases as exsolution lamellae. Accepted for publication by American Mineralogist . Rutile, as a meteoritic phase, is not widely known. In their sunanary . of meteorite mineralogy neither Mason (1962) nor Ramdohr (1963) report rutile as a mineral occurring in meteorites, although Ramdohr did describe a similar phase from the Faxmington meteorite in his list of "unidentified minerals," He suggested (correctly) that his "mineral D" dght be rutile. He also ob- served it in several mesosiderites. The mineral was recently mentioned to occur in Vaca Huerta (Fleischer, et al., 1965) and in Odessa (El Goresy, 1965). We have found rutile in the meteorites Allegan, Bondoc, Estherville, Farming- ton, and Vaca Muerta; although nowhere an abundant phase, it appears to be rather widespread. Of the several meteorites in which it was observed, rutile is the most abundant in the Farmington L-group chondrite. There it occurs in fine lamellae in ilmenite. The ilmenite is only sparsely distributed within the . meteorite although wherever it does occur it is in moderately large clusters - up to 0.5 mn in diameter - and it then is usually associated with chromite as well as rutile (Buseck, et al., 1965), Optically, the rutile has a faintly bluish tinge when viewed in reflected, plane-polarized light with immersion objectives. -
Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation During Planetary Differentiation Heng Chen Washington University in St
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Winter 12-15-2014 Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation during Planetary Differentiation Heng Chen Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Chen, Heng, "Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation during Planetary Differentiation" (2014). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 360. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/360 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Dissertation Examination Committee: Bradley L. Jolliff, Chair Jeffrey G. Catalano Bruce Fegley, Jr. Michael J. Krawczynski Frédéric Moynier Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation during Planetary Differentiation by Heng Chen A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2014 St. Louis, Missouri Copyright © 2014, Heng Chen All rights reserved. Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES -
Warren and Taylor-2014-In Tog-The Moon-'Author's Personal Copy'.Pdf
This article was originally published in Treatise on Geochemistry, Second Edition published by Elsevier, and the attached copy is provided by Elsevier for the author's benefit and for the benefit of the author's institution, for non- commercial research and educational use including without limitation use in instruction at your institution, sending it to specific colleagues who you know, and providing a copy to your institution’s administrator. All other uses, reproduction and distribution, including without limitation commercial reprints, selling or licensing copies or access, or posting on open internet sites, your personal or institution’s website or repository, are prohibited. For exceptions, permission may be sought for such use through Elsevier's permissions site at: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissionusematerial Warren P.H., and Taylor G.J. (2014) The Moon. In: Holland H.D. and Turekian K.K. (eds.) Treatise on Geochemistry, Second Edition, vol. 2, pp. 213-250. Oxford: Elsevier. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Author's personal copy 2.9 The Moon PH Warren, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA GJ Taylor, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI, USA ã 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This article is a revision of the previous edition article by P. H. Warren, volume 1, pp. 559–599, © 2003, Elsevier Ltd. 2.9.1 Introduction: The Lunar Context 213 2.9.2 The Lunar Geochemical Database 214 2.9.2.1 Artificially Acquired Samples 214 2.9.2.2 Lunar Meteorites 214 2.9.2.3 Remote-Sensing Data 215 2.9.3 Mare Volcanism -
Linking the Chassigny Meteorite and the Martian Surface Rock Backstay: Insights Into Igneous Crustal Differentiation Processes on Mars
Meteoritics & Planetary Science 44, Nr 6, 853–869 (2009) Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org Linking the Chassigny meteorite and the Martian surface rock Backstay: Insights into igneous crustal differentiation processes on Mars Hanna NEKVASIL*, Francis M. MCCUBBIN, Andrea HARRINGTON, Stephen ELARDO, and Donald H. LINDSLEY Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794–2100, USA *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Received 05 August 2008; revision accepted 18 March 2009) Abstract–In order to use igneous surface lithologies to constrain Martian mantle characteristics, secondary processes that lead to compositional modification of primary mantle melts must be considered. Crystal fractionation of a mantle-derived magma at the base of the crust followed by separation and ascent of residual liquids to the surface is common in continental hotspot regions on Earth. The possibility that this process also takes place on Mars was investigated by experimentally determining whether a surface rock, specifically the hawaiite Backstay analyzed by the MER Spirit could produce a known cumulate lithology with a deep origin (namely the assemblages of the Chassigny meteorite) if trapped at the base of the Martian crust. Both the major cumulus and melt inclusion mineral assemblages of the Chassigny meteorite were produced experimentally by a liquid of Backstay composition within the pressure range 9.3 to 6.8 kbar with bulk water contents between 1.5 and 2.6 wt%. Experiments at 4.3 and 2.8 kbar did not produce the requisite assemblages. This agreement suggests that just as on Earth, Martian mantle-derived melts may rise to the surface or remain trapped at the base of the crust, fractionate, and lose their residual liquids. -
Assessment of the Mesosiderite-Diogenite Connection and an Impact Model for the Genesis of Mesosiderites
45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2014) 2554.pdf ASSESSMENT OF THE MESOSIDERITE-DIOGENITE CONNECTION AND AN IMPACT MODEL FOR THE GENESIS OF MESOSIDERITES. T. E. Bunch1,3, A. J. Irving2,3, P. H. Schultz4, J. H. Wittke1, S. M. Ku- ehner2, J. I. Goldstein5 and P. P. Sipiera3,6 1Dept. of Geology, SESES, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 ([email protected]), 2Dept. of Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 3Planetary Studies Foundation, Galena, IL, 4Dept. of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, 5Dept. of Geolo- gy, University of Massachusetts, Amherts, MA, 6Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL. Introduction: Among well-recognized meteorite 34) is the most abundant silicate mineral and in some classes, the mesosiderites are perhaps the most com- clasts contains inclusions of FeS, tetrataenite, merrillite plex and petrogenetically least understood. Previous and silica. Three of the ten norite clasts contain a few workers have contributed important information about tiny grains of olivine (Fa24-32). A single, fine-grained “classic” falls and Antarctic finds, and have proposed breccia clast was found in NWA 5312 (see Figure 2). several different models for mesosiderite genesis [1]. Unlike the case of pallasites, the co-occurrence of met- al and silicates (predominantly orthopyroxene and cal- cic plagioclase) in mesosiderites is inconsistent with a single-stage “igneous” history, and instead seems to demand admixture of at least two separate compo- nents. Here we review the models in light of detailed ex- amination of multiple specimens from a very large mesosiderite strewnfield in Northwest Africa. Many specimens (totaling at least 80 kilograms) from this area (probably in Algeria) have been classified sepa- rately by us and others; however, in most cases the Figure 1. -
Validity of the Apatite/Merrillite Relationship in Evaluating the Water Content in the Martian Mantle: Implications from Shergottite Northwest Africa (NWA) 2975
Originally published as: Słaby, E., Förster, H.‐J., Wirth, R., Giera, A., Birski, Ł., Moszumańska, I. (2017): Validity of the Apatite/Merrillite Relationship in Evaluating the Water Content in the Martian Mantle: Implications from Shergottite Northwest Africa (NWA) 2975. ‐ Geosciences, 7, 4. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences7040099 geosciences Article Validity of the Apatite/Merrillite Relationship in Evaluating the Water Content in the Martian Mantle: Implications from Shergottite Northwest Africa (NWA) 2975 Ewa Słaby 1,*, Hans-Jürgen Förster 2, Richard Wirth 2, Alicja Wudarska 1,2, Łukasz Birski 1 and Izabela Moszuma ´nska 1 1 Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Warsaw, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (A.W.); [email protected] (Ł.B.); [email protected] (I.M.) 2 Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany; [email protected] (H.-J.F.); [email protected] (R.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 17 July 2017; Accepted: 26 September 2017; Published: 4 October 2017 Abstract: Phosphates from the Martian shergottite NWA 2975 were used to obtain insights into the source and subsequence differentiation of the melt/melts. The crystallization of two generations of fluorapatite (F > Cl~OH and F-rich), chlorapatite and ferromerrillite-merrillite were reconstructed from TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and geochemical analyses. The research results indicated that the recognized volatiles budget of the two generations of fluorapatite was related to their magmatic origin. The apatite crystals crystallized from an evolved magma during its final differentiation and degassing stage. -
Handbook of Iron Meteorites, Volume 2 (Canyon Diablo, Part 2)
Canyon Diablo 395 The primary structure is as before. However, the kamacite has been briefly reheated above 600° C and has recrystallized throughout the sample. The new grains are unequilibrated, serrated and have hardnesses of 145-210. The previous Neumann bands are still plainly visible , and so are the old subboundaries because the original precipitates delineate their locations. The schreibersite and cohenite crystals are still monocrystalline, and there are no reaction rims around them. The troilite is micromelted , usually to a somewhat larger extent than is present in I-III. Severe shear zones, 100-200 J1 wide , cross the entire specimens. They are wavy, fan out, coalesce again , and may displace taenite, plessite and minerals several millimeters. The present exterior surfaces of the slugs and wedge-shaped masses have no doubt been produced in a similar fashion by shear-rupture and have later become corroded. Figure 469. Canyon Diablo (Copenhagen no. 18463). Shock The taenite rims and lamellae are dirty-brownish, with annealed stage VI . Typical matte structure, with some co henite crystals to the right. Etched. Scale bar 2 mm. low hardnesses, 160-200, due to annealing. In crossed Nicols the taenite displays an unusual sheen from many small crystals, each 5-10 J1 across. This kind of material is believed to represent shock annealed fragments of the impacting main body. Since the fragments have not had a very long flight through the atmosphere, well developed fusion crusts and heat-affected rim zones are not expected to be present. The energy responsible for bulk reheating of the small masses to about 600° C is believed to have come from the conversion of kinetic to heat energy during the impact and fragmentation. -
Wednesday, March 22, 2017 [W453] MARTIAN METEORITE MADNESS: MIXING on a VARIETY of SCALES 1:30 P.M
Lunar and Planetary Science XLVIII (2017) sess453.pdf Wednesday, March 22, 2017 [W453] MARTIAN METEORITE MADNESS: MIXING ON A VARIETY OF SCALES 1:30 p.m. Waterway Ballroom 5 Chairs: Arya Udry Geoffrey Howarth 1:30 p.m. Nielsen S. G. * Magna T. Mezger K. The Vanadium Isotopic Composition of Mars and Evidence for Solar System Heterogeneity During Planetary Accretion [#1225] Vanadium isotope composition of Mars distinct from Earth and chondrites. 1:45 p.m. Tait K. T. * Day J. M. D. Highly Siderophile Element and Os-Sr Isotope Systematics of Shergotittes [#3025] The shergottite meteorites represent geochemically diverse, broadly basaltic, and magmatically-derived rocks from Mars. New samples were processed and analyzed. 2:00 p.m. Armytage R. M. G. * Debaille V. Brandon A. D. Agee C. B. The Neodymium and Hafnium Isotopic Composition of NWA 7034, and Constraints on the Enriched End-Member for Shergottites [#1065] Couple Sm-Nd and Lu-Hf isotopic systematics in NWA 7034 suggest that such a crust is not the enriched end-member for shergottites. 2:15 p.m. Howarth G. H. * Udry A. Nickel in Olivine and Constraining Mantle Reservoirs for Shergottite Meteorites [#1375] Ni enrichment in olivine from enriched versus depleted shergottites provide evidence for constraining mantle reservoirs on Mars. 2:30 p.m. Jean M. M. * Taylor L. A. Exploring Martian Mantle Heterogeneity: Multiple SNC Reservoirs Revealed [#1666] The objective of the present study is to assess how many mixing components can be recognized, and address ongoing debates within the martian isotope community. 2:45 p.m. Udry A. * Day J. -
Magnetite Biomineralization and Ancient Life on Mars Richard B Frankel* and Peter R Buseckt
Magnetite biomineralization and ancient life on Mars Richard B Frankel* and Peter R Buseckt Certain chemical and mineral features of the Martian meteorite with a mass distribution unlike terrestrial PAHs or those from ALH84001 were reported in 1996 to be probable evidence of other meteorites; thirdly, bacterium-shaped objects (BSOs) ancient life on Mars. In spite of new observations and up to several hundred nanometers long that resemble fos interpretations, the question of ancient life on Mars remains silized terrestrial microorganisms; and lastly, 10-100 nm unresolved. Putative biogenic, nanometer magnetite has now magnetite (Fe304), pyrrhotite (Fel_xS), and greigite (Fe3S4) become a leading focus in the debate. crystals. These minerals were cited as evidence because of their similarity to biogenic magnetic minerals in terrestrial Addresses magnetotactic bacteria. *Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA; e-mail: [email protected] The ancient life on Mars hypothesis has been extensively tDepartments of Geology and Chemistry/Biochemistry, Arizona State challenged, and alternative non-biological processes have University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404, USA; e-mail: [email protected] been proposed for each of the four features cited by McKay et al. [4]. In this paper we review the current situa tion regarding their proposed evidence, focusing on the Abbreviations putative biogenic magnetite crystals. BCM biologically controlled mineralization BIM biologically induced mineralization BSO bacterium-shaped object Evidence for and against ancient Martian life PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PAHs and BSOs Reports of contamination by terrestrial organic materials [5°,6°] and the similarity of ALH84001 PAHs to non-bio genic PAHs in carbonaceous chondrites [7,8] make it Introduction difficult to positively identify PAHs of non-terrestrial, bio A 2 kg carbonaceous stony meteorite, designated genic origin. -
March 21–25, 2016
FORTY-SEVENTH LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL SESSIONS MARCH 21–25, 2016 The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center The Woodlands, Texas INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Universities Space Research Association Lunar and Planetary Institute National Aeronautics and Space Administration CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRS Stephen Mackwell, Lunar and Planetary Institute Eileen Stansbery, NASA Johnson Space Center PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIRS David Draper, NASA Johnson Space Center Walter Kiefer, Lunar and Planetary Institute PROGRAM COMMITTEE P. Doug Archer, NASA Johnson Space Center Nicolas LeCorvec, Lunar and Planetary Institute Katherine Bermingham, University of Maryland Yo Matsubara, Smithsonian Institute Janice Bishop, SETI and NASA Ames Research Center Francis McCubbin, NASA Johnson Space Center Jeremy Boyce, University of California, Los Angeles Andrew Needham, Carnegie Institution of Washington Lisa Danielson, NASA Johnson Space Center Lan-Anh Nguyen, NASA Johnson Space Center Deepak Dhingra, University of Idaho Paul Niles, NASA Johnson Space Center Stephen Elardo, Carnegie Institution of Washington Dorothy Oehler, NASA Johnson Space Center Marc Fries, NASA Johnson Space Center D. Alex Patthoff, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cyrena Goodrich, Lunar and Planetary Institute Elizabeth Rampe, Aerodyne Industries, Jacobs JETS at John Gruener, NASA Johnson Space Center NASA Johnson Space Center Justin Hagerty, U.S. Geological Survey Carol Raymond, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lindsay Hays, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Paul Schenk, -
Curt Teich Postcard Archives Towns and Cities
Curt Teich Postcard Archives Towns and Cities Alaska Aialik Bay Alaska Highway Alcan Highway Anchorage Arctic Auk Lake Cape Prince of Wales Castle Rock Chilkoot Pass Columbia Glacier Cook Inlet Copper River Cordova Curry Dawson Denali Denali National Park Eagle Fairbanks Five Finger Rapids Gastineau Channel Glacier Bay Glenn Highway Haines Harding Gateway Homer Hoonah Hurricane Gulch Inland Passage Inside Passage Isabel Pass Juneau Katmai National Monument Kenai Kenai Lake Kenai Peninsula Kenai River Kechikan Ketchikan Creek Kodiak Kodiak Island Kotzebue Lake Atlin Lake Bennett Latouche Lynn Canal Matanuska Valley McKinley Park Mendenhall Glacier Miles Canyon Montgomery Mount Blackburn Mount Dewey Mount McKinley Mount McKinley Park Mount O’Neal Mount Sanford Muir Glacier Nome North Slope Noyes Island Nushagak Opelika Palmer Petersburg Pribilof Island Resurrection Bay Richardson Highway Rocy Point St. Michael Sawtooth Mountain Sentinal Island Seward Sitka Sitka National Park Skagway Southeastern Alaska Stikine Rier Sulzer Summit Swift Current Taku Glacier Taku Inlet Taku Lodge Tanana Tanana River Tok Tunnel Mountain Valdez White Pass Whitehorse Wrangell Wrangell Narrow Yukon Yukon River General Views—no specific location Alabama Albany Albertville Alexander City Andalusia Anniston Ashford Athens Attalla Auburn Batesville Bessemer Birmingham Blue Lake Blue Springs Boaz Bobler’s Creek Boyles Brewton Bridgeport Camden Camp Hill Camp Rucker Carbon Hill Castleberry Centerville Centre Chapman Chattahoochee Valley Cheaha State Park Choctaw County