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Annex 12 Presentation Materials for Technical Training in Japan Today’S Topic Annex 12 Presentation Materials for Technical Training in Japan Today’s Topic ・Definition of Climate Change Project on ODA ・Japan’s Official Development Assistance on Climate JICA’s Assistance on Climate Change Change: Related Organizations ・Recent development of Japan’s Official Assistance on Climate Change ・Japan’s Commitment of Assistance on Climate October 30, 2012 Change:First-Start Financing ・JICA (Overview, Mainstreaming Climate Change, Hiroshi ENOMOTO Deputy Director, Office for Climate Change, programs) Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) ・JICA activities on Climate Change (Example) 1 2 Japan’s Official Development Assistance on Definition of Climate Change Project in ODA Climate Change Related Organizations DAC/OECD Marker: The Rio marker on climate ・ Ministry of Foreign Affairs change relates to climate change mitigation only, with ・ Ministry Economy Trade, Industry no data currently available on ODA spending for NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology climate change adaptation. In December 2009, Development Organization) Mainly Energy Field (F/S DAC Members approved a similar marker to track ODA in support of climate change adaptation. This new studies, Demonstration Project) climate change adaptation marker will complement the http://www.nedo.go.jp/english/index.html existing DAC marker on climate change mitigation, and ・ Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries thus allow presentation of a full picture of all aid in Forestry and Forestry Products Research Institute support of developing countries’ efforts to address ・ Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism climate change.Definition by OECD/DAC is distributed. 3 4 Japan’s Official Development Assistance on Climate Change Related Organizations Recent development of Japan’s Assistance on Climate Change ・ Ministry of Environment ・ Japan’s Vision and Actions toward Low-Carbon National Institute for Environment Growth and Climate Resilient World(2011.11) Global Environmental Center Organization ・ African Green Growth Strategy(2011.11) Feasibility Studies on New Mechanism(Bilateral ・ More involvement of private sector Offset PPP(Public-Private Partnership), BOT(Base of Credit Mechanism (BOCM) ) and on CDM/JI Economic Pyramid) Institute for Global Environmental Strategy ・ Japanese Company (Promotion of Investment) Overseas Environmental Cooperation Center in Asia, India…. ・ New Mechanism(Bilateral Offset Credit Mechanism (BOCM) ) 5 6 ◆Japan’s Fast-Start Finance (FSF) 1.AboutJICA Japan has been strongly supporting sustainable developments and •ThecurrentJICAwasinauguratedinOctober2008withamergerof actions on climate change in developing countries. 1)TechnicalCooperationoftheexistingJICA, Japan announced its Fast-Start Finance (FSF) of 15 billion dollars, up to 2)LoanAidoperation(ODAloansandPrivateSectorInvestmentFinance 2012, which represents around a half of global commitments under the (PSIF))oftheJapanBankforInternationalCooperation(JBIC),and Cancun Agreements. Japan’s FSF is to assist developing countries, 3)alargeportionofGrantAidimplementingoperationoftheMinistryof especially those making efforts to reduce GHG emissions and/or that are ForeignAffairs(MOFA). particularly vulnerable to climate change. The total amount 15 billion dollars has been channeled through ODA (around 7.2 billion dollars) and •JICAprovidesstrategicandeffectiveODAthroughintegrated,comprehensiveand other official flows (OOF) (around 7.8 billion dollars) for both mitigation seamlessimplementationofTechnicalCooperation,LoanAidandGrantAidasoneof and adaptation. thelargestODAexecutingagencyintheworld. JICA Grant Aid※ Japan’s Fast-Start Finance (FSF) FY 2011 Budget $12.5 billion (as of 29 February, 2012) Bilateral MOFA Aid Grant:151.9 bil.JPY （Around 70% is Technical Cooperation implemented by JICA） ODA $8.16billion ＯＤＡ ＪＩＣＡ (Official Technical Cooperation: Mitigation OOF Mitigation Development 148.1bil. JPY $5.48billion and Loan Aid (ODA loan) (General Account Expenditure Adaptation $5.07billion Assistance) Budget） $1.51billion REDD+ ＪＢＩＣ $580million Adaptation Bilateral Loan: $1.1.7billion Multilateral 950 bil. JPY Aid International Authority （Loan and Investment Plan ） ※Non-project Assistance and Emergency Grant Assistance remain with MOFA 8 2. Sustainable Development and Low-Carbon / Climate Resilient 3.JICA’s Approach: Low-Carbon and Climate Resilient Development Actions in Developing Countries Cooperation ◆Direction of JICA Operation Addressing Climate Change Primarily JICA’s taking actions to combat climate change are based upon the following principles. Adaptation Adaptation & Urban Development Comprehensive Climate Change, Climate Compatible Mitigation Assistance A Global Agenda Sustainable Development Primarily Health & Sanitation ＜Mitigation: Low-carbon Society＞ Mitigation Energy, Transport, Forestry, Water Disaster ¾ Strategic Mitigation Actions Waste Management, etc. resource prevention （NAMA、MRV、REDD+, etc.）* Agriculture ¾ Low-carbon Technologies Cooperation Infrastructure Assistance （Renewables, Energy Efficiency, etc.) Technical Education Financial Reduction of Forest / & Social Assets ¾ Efficient Use of Resources, etc. Equitable （Mass Transit, Smart-grid, etc.） GHG Growth Ecosystem Emission Transport Buildings Policy & Institutional Reform, Responding Responding Sustainable Finance Mechanism, to Climate to Climate Development Energy Industry Human Resource Development Change ¾ Modeling / Vulnerability Assessment Enhancing Rural Development Human Waste （Climate Prediction, GIS**, etc.） Adaptive Security Capacity Management Policy Dialogue ¾ Enhancing Adaptive Capacity （Awareness, Early Warning System, etc.) Public-Private ¾ Resilient Infrastructure Sectors in need of adaptation and with potential of mitigation Partnership （Irrigation, Flood Control, etc.） are critical components of sustainable development Research / Studies Disaster Risk Management, ¾ climate actions in developing countries must be ＜Adaptation: Climate Resilient Society＞ Water, Agriculture. Sanitation, etc. PDCA Cycle: Four-step (Plan, Do ,Check and Action) management cycle ,which continuously improves the processes implemented in the context of sustainable development 9 **MRV (measurable, reportable and Verifiable) : Approach which enables to measure , report and certificate the amount of GHG reduction due to 10 mitigation projects 4.Policy Based Assistance for Climate Change Policy in Developing Countries 5.Climate Finance Impact Tool (JICA Climate-FIT) Low Carbon and Resilient Development Program is an innovative scheme to facilitate the implementation of climate change policies through financial and technical assistance for developing countries in alignment with their national development policies and strategies. The initiation of Low Carbon and Resilient Development Program is by first formulating the policy JICA has prepared Climate Finance Impact Tool (JICA Climate- matrix of multi-year policy pillars based on policy dialogues. Policy Matrix Example FIT) ,a reference document which contains the following Pillar 1 : Key Policy issues components in order to facilitate consideration of policies and 1.1: Mainstreaming climate change 1.2: Financing scheme and policy 1.3: Greenhouse gas emission and in the national development program coordination for climate change absorption measurement formulation of projects for assisting climate change related measures in developing countries. Pillar 2 : Mitigation Pillar 3 : Adaptation 1.Methodologies for implementing measurement, reporting and 2.1: Forestry 2.2: Energy 3.1: Climate forecasting and impact and ・Forestry management and ・Renewable energy verification (MRV) related to quantitative evaluation of mitigation vulnerability assessment governance development projects that contribute to reduction or sequestration of ・Peatland conservation ・Energy efficiency 3.2: Water 3.4:Marine ・REDD ・Transportation 3.3:Agriculture greenhouse gases (GHG) ・Afforestation and Resource and fisheries reforestation 2.Concepts and guidelines for mainstreaming adaptation considerations into projects that contribute to reduction of Monitoring, review and advice Financial Assistance vulnerability against climate change, and sustaining and Coordination among (General Budget Support, line ministries Steering Committee Project Loans,) increasing adaptive capacity and resilience Technical Cooperation Partner country’s Government Donors JICA Website URL (Japanese) http://www.jica.go.jp/activities/globalization/climate.html JICA signed Loan Agreement of Low Carbon and Resilient Development Program with Indonesia in September 2008 as its first case. Through the year 2008, JICA conducted monitoring and also provided advisory services to Indonesia to achieve the secure (English) implementation of their National Action Plan addressing Climate Change. JICA and Indonesia signed their 2nd and 3rd agreements to finance Low Carbon and Resilient Development Program after modification of the policy matrix to improve effective, feasible and http://www.jica.go.jp/english/operations/climate_change/index.html tangible policy actions based on year-round monitoring. JICA also signed the same type of program loan agreement with Vietnam in June 2010 and its second term in November 2011. 11 12 Framework of Mitigation Report Framework of Adaptation Report Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 6. Example of Mitigation Impact Evaluation Chapter 2 Review of Existing Resources Chapter 3 Basic Concept and Guidelines for Chapter 2 Selection of Target Sub-sectors the Quantitative
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