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Finding Certainty in an Age of Uncertainty the Early Eighteenth-Century Cocceian Turn Towards Natural Theology
Finding certainty in an age of uncertainty The early eighteenth-century Cocceian turn towards natural theology Masterthesis by: Niels Visscher – 3237494 Primary reader: Prof.dr. M. Mostert Secondary reader: Prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt Medieval Studies University Utrecht 19-07-2013 1 Content Preface 3 Introduction 4 Chapter I: The crisis of the Reformed mind 9 The Reformed theological system 9 Scripture and the Reformed articles of faith 10 The intellectual foundations of Reformed theology 12 Reformed theology and the challenge of Cartesianism 13 The challenge of Cartesian philosophy 14 The Voetian response to the new philosophy 15 The Cartesian philosophers 16 The Cocceian theologians 18 The rise of philosophical radicalism 20 Chapter II: Living during the crisis of the Reformed mind 24 A child prodigy 24 The University of Franeker 25 Education at the University of Franeker 27 The status of reason and the divinity of Scripture 28 Minister of the Divine Word 29 Professor of at the University of Franeker 31 The last of the Cartesians 32 Chapter III: Vindicating the divinity of Scripture 34 The Reformed view on natural theology 35 The characteristics of natural theology 36 The new approach to natural theology 37 Prolegomena 38 The doctrine of God 40 Natural religion 41 The necessity and divinity of supernatural revelation 42 Ruardus Andala on natural theology 44 Prolegomena 45 The doctrine of God 46 Natural religion 47 The necessity and divinity of supernatural revelation 48 A turn towards rationalism? 49 Conclusion 51 Bibliography 53 2 Preface Trying to obtain a master’s degree in Medieval Studies by writing a thesis on seventeenth- and eight- eenth-century developments in theology and philosophy – this turn of events will probably amaze many readers. -
'Elke Daad Is Een Werk'
‘Elke daad is een werk’ Alexander Comrie (1706-1774) over de verschillen tussen de remonstrantse en de gereformeerde rechtvaardigingsleer G.A. van den Brink Abstract The Dutch theologian Alexander Comrie (1706-1774) opposed Amyraldism vehemently. He downplayed the role of the act of faith in justification, for ‘every act is a work of man.’ However, Comrie offended many of his colleagues by suggesting that anyone who regarded the act of faith as the instrument involved in justification, was dogmatically speaking to be considered an amyraldian or even an arminian. Comrie was, in turn, accused of antinomianism. In this article the dogmatic position of Comrie is analyzed. His view on the material cause and especially on the formal cause of justification is compared with the views by Arminius, Lubbertus and others. It is concluded that Comrie mistakenly regarded the immediacy of the imputation of Christ’s righteousness as fundamental for the Reformed doctrine of justification. 1 Inleiding Toen de Schots-Nederlandse theoloog Alexander Comrie (1706-1774)1 in 1753 zijn verklaring van Zondag 1-7 van de Heidelbergse Catechismus publi- ceerde, brak er een storm van protest los. Geheel onbegrijpelijk was de verbol- genheid niet: Comrie schroomde niet om velen van zijn collega’s te bestempe- len als mensen die, al of niet bewust, een arminiaanse en semipelagiaanse opvatting huldigden ten aanzien van de leer van de rechtvaardiging. De bezorgdheid van Comrie werd ingegeven door de controverse rondom de Zwolse predikant Antonius van der Os (1722-1807).2 Deze was aangeklaagd 1 A.G. Honig, Alexander Comrie, Utrecht 1892; R.A. -
Nadere Reformatie Lecture 1
CHRIST COVENANT Reformed PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 2013-14 WINTER CONFERENCE THE NADERE REFORMATIE A Brief Study of the Dutch Further Reformation, its doctrinal integrity, its piety, its men, and its Literature Nadere Reformatie Lectures-Pastor Ruddell’s Notes 1) The Name: Nadere Reformatie a) The name itself is a difficult term. It has been translated as: i) Second Reformation: As a name, the second reformation has something to be said for it, but it may give the impression that it is something separate from the first reformation, it denies the continuity that would have been confessed by its adherents. ii) Further Reformation: This is the term that is popular with Dutch historians who specialize in this movement. This term is preferred because it does set forth a continuity with the past, and with the Protestant Reformation as it came to the Netherlands. Its weakness is that it may seem to imply that the original Reformation did not go far enough—that there ought to be some noted deficiency. iii) The movement under study has also been called “Dutch Precisianism” as in, a more precise and exacting practice of godliness or piety. The difficulty here is that there are times when that term “precisionist” has been used pejoratively, and historians are unwilling to place a pejorative name upon a movement so popular with godly Dutch Christians. iv) There are times when the movement has been referred to as “Dutch Puritanism”. And, while there is much to commend this name as well, Puritanism also carries with it a particular stigma, which might be perceived as unpopular. -
Literaturverzeichnis in Auswahl1
Literaturverzeichnis in Auswahl1 A ADAMS, THOMAS: An Exposition upon the Second Epistle General of St. Peter. Herausgegeben von James Sherman. 1839. Nachdruck Ligonier, Pennsylvania: Soli Deo Gloria, 1990. DERS.: The Works of Thomas Adams. Edinburgh: James Nichol, 1862. DERS.: The Works of Thomas Adams. 1862. Nachdruck Eureka, California: Tanski, 1998. AFFLECK, BERT JR.: „The Theology of Richard Sibbes, 1577–1635“. Doctor of Philosophy-Dissertation: Drew University, 1969. AHENAKAA, ANJOV: „Justification and the Christian Life in John Bunyan: A Vindication of Bunyan from the Charge of Antinomianism“. Doctor of Philosophy-Dissertation: Westminster Theological Seminary, 1997. AINSWORTH, HENRY: A Censure upon a Dialogue of the Anabaptists, Intituled, A Description of What God Hath Predestinated Concerning Man. & c. in 7 Poynts. Of Predestination. pag. 1. Of Election. pag. 18. Of Reprobation. pag. 26. Of Falling Away. pag. 27. Of Freewill. pag. 41. Of Originall Sinne. pag. 43. Of Baptizing Infants. pag. 69. London: W. Jones, 1643. DERS.: Two Treatises by Henry Ainsworth. The First, Of the Communion of Saints. The Second, Entitled, An Arrow against Idolatry, Etc. Edinburgh: D. Paterson, 1789. ALEXANDER, James W.: Thoughts on Family Worship. 1847. Nachdruck Morgan, Pennsylvania: Soli Deo Gloria, 1998. ALLEINE, JOSEPH: An Alarm to the Unconverted. Evansville, Indiana: Sovereign Grace Publishers, 1959. DERS.: A Sure Guide to Heaven. Edinburgh: Banner of Truth Trust, 1995. ALLEINE, RICHARD: Heaven Opened … The Riches of God’s Covenant of Grace. New York: American Tract Society, ohne Jahr. ALLEN, WILLIAM: Some Baptismal Abuses Briefly Discovered. London: J. M., 1653. ALSTED, JOHANN HEINRICH: Diatribe de Mille Annis Apocalypticis ... Frankfurt: Sumptibus C. Eifridi, 1627. -
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. JOHANNES SWARTENHENGST (1644-1711): A DUTCH CARTESIAN IN THE HEAT OF BATTLE ESTER BERTRAND PHD THESIS UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH & FREE UNIVERSITY OF BRUSSELS 2014 2 JOHANNES SWARTENHENGST (1644-1711): A DUTCH CARTESIAN IN THE HEAT OF BATTLE ESTER BERTRAND The painting on the title page, entitled The Stallion, is by the accomplished Dutch painter of equestrian scenes, Philips Wouwerman (1619-1668). In agreement with the Creative Commons Licence this copy was retrieved from the following website: http://www.wouwerman.org/ PHD THESIS UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH & FREE UNIVERSITY OF BRUSSELS JUNE 2014 Funded by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), the Free University of Brussels, and the University of Edinburgh I, Ester Bertrand, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 95.000 words in length, has been written by me, that it is the record of work carried out by me and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. -
Hidden Lives: Asceticism and Interiority in the Late Reformation, 1650-1745
Hidden Lives: Asceticism and Interiority in the Late Reformation, 1650-1745 By Timothy Cotton Wright A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Jonathan Sheehan, chair Professor Ethan Shagan Professor Niklaus Largier Summer 2018 Abstract Hidden Lives: Asceticism and Interiority in the Late Reformation, 1650-1745 By Timothy Cotton Wright Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Jonathan Sheehan, Chair This dissertation explores a unique religious awakening among early modern Protestants whose primary feature was a revival of ascetic, monastic practices a century after the early Reformers condemned such practices. By the early seventeenth-century, a widespread dissatisfaction can be discerned among many awakened Protestants at the suppression of the monastic life and a new interest in reintroducing ascetic practices like celibacy, poverty, and solitary withdrawal to Protestant devotion. The introduction and chapter one explain how the absence of monasticism as an institutionally sanctioned means to express intensified holiness posed a problem to many Protestants. Large numbers of dissenters fled the mainstream Protestant religions—along with what they viewed as an increasingly materialistic, urbanized world—to seek new ways to experience God through lives of seclusion and ascetic self-deprival. In the following chapters, I show how this ascetic impulse drove the formation of new religious communities, transatlantic migration, and gave birth to new attitudes and practices toward sexuality and gender among Protestants. The study consists of four case studies, each examining a different non-conformist community that experimented with ascetic ritual and monasticism. -
A “Calvinist” Theory of Matter? Burgersdijk and Descartes on Res Extensa
Title Page A “Calvinist” Theory of Matter? Burgersdijk and Descartes on res extensa Giovanni Gellera ORCID IDENTIFIER 0000-0002-8403-3170 Section de philosophie, Université de Lausanne [email protected] The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available in Intellectual History Review volume 28 (2018), issue 2. Published online 24 Novembre 2017. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17496977.2017.1374058 Abstract In the Dutch debates on Cartesianism of the 1640s, a minority believed that some Cartesian views were in fact Calvinist ones. The paper argues that, among others, a likely precursor of this position is the Aristotelian Franco Burgersdijk (1590-1635), who held a reductionist view of accidents and of the essential extension of matter on Calvinist grounds. It seems unlikely that Descartes was unaware of these views. The claim is that Descartes had two aims in his Replies to Arnauld: to show the compatibility of res extensa and the Catholic transubstantiation but also to differentiate the res extensa from some views of matter explicitly defended by some Calvinists. The association with Calvinism will be eventually used polemically against Cartesianism, for example in France. The paper finally suggests that, notwithstanding the points of conflict, the affinities between the theologically relevant theories of accidents, matter and extension ultimately facilitated the dissemination of Cartesianism among the Calvinists. Keywords: Descartes, Burgersdijk, res extensa, accident, Calvinist scholasticism, eucharist 2 G. GELLERA A “Calvinist” Theory of Matter? Burgersdijk and Descartes on res extensa Giovanni Gellera University of Lausanne, Switzerland In 1651 Count Louis Henry of Nassau demanded that the Dutch universities issue public statements on Cartesian philosophy. -
Foundations of Psychology by Herman Bavinck
Foundations of Psychology Herman Bavinck Translated by Jack Vanden Born, Nelson D. Kloosterman, and John Bolt Edited by John Bolt Author’s Preface to the Second Edition1 It is now many years since the Foundations of Psychology appeared and it is long out of print.2 I had intended to issue a second, enlarged edition but the pressures of other work prevented it. It would be too bad if this little book disappeared from the psychological literature. The foundations described in the book have had my lifelong acceptance and they remain powerful principles deserving use and expression alongside empirical psy- chology. Herman Bavinck, 1921 1 Ed. note: This text was dictated by Bavinck “on his sickbed” to Valentijn Hepp, and is the opening paragraph of Hepp’s own foreword to the second, revised edition of Beginselen der Psychologie [Foundations of Psychology] (Kampen: Kok, 1923), 5. The first edition contains no preface. 2 Ed. note: The first edition was published by Kok (Kampen) in 1897. Contents Editor’s Preface �����������������������������������������������������������������������ix Translator’s Introduction: Bavinck’s Motives �������������������������� xv § 1� The Definition of Psychology ���������������������������������������������1 § 2� The Method of Psychology �������������������������������������������������5 § 3� The History of Psychology �����������������������������������������������19 Greek Psychology .................................................................19 Historic Christian Psychology ..............................................22 -
A Companion to Reformed Orthodoxy Brill’S Companions to the Christian Tradition
A Companion to Reformed Orthodoxy Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition A series of handbooks and reference works on the intellectual and religious life of Europe, 500–1800 Editor-in-Chief Christopher M. Bellitto (Kean University) VOLUME 40 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/bcct A Companion to Reformed Orthodoxy Edited by Herman J. Selderhuis LEIDEN • BOSTON 2013 Cover illustration: Franeker University Library. Courtesy: Tresoar, Leeuwarden, Atlas Schoemaker. This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1871-6377 ISBN 978-90-04-23622-6 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-24891-5 (e-book) Copyright 2013 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS List of Contributors ........................................................................................ vii Abbreviations ................................................................................................... ix Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 Herman J. Selderhuis PART I RELATIONS Reformed Orthodoxy: A Short History of Research ............................ -
Understanding Calvinism: B
Introduction A. Special Terminology I. The Persons Understanding Calvinism: B. Distinctive Traits A. John Calvin 1. Governance Formative Years in France: 1509-1533 An Overview Study 2. Doctrine Ministry Years in Switzerland: 1533-1564 by 3. Worship and Sacraments Calvin’s Legacy III. Psycology and Sociology of the Movement Lorin L Cranford IV. Biblical Assessment B. Influencial Interpreters of Calvin Publication of C&L Publications. II. The Ideology All rights reserved. © Conclusion INTRODUCTION1 Understanding the movement and the ideology la- belled Calvinism is a rather challenging topic. But none- theless it is an important topic to tackle. As important as any part of such an endeavour is deciding on a “plan of attack” in getting into the topic. The movement covered by this label “Calvinism” has spread out its tentacles all over the place and in many different, sometimes in conflicting directions. The logical starting place is with the person whose name has been attached to the label, although I’m quite sure he would be most uncomfortable with most of the content bearing his name.2 After exploring the history of John Calvin, we will take a look at a few of the more influential interpreters of Calvin over the subsequent centuries into the present day. This will open the door to attempt to explain the ideology of Calvinism with some of the distinctive terms and concepts associated exclusively with it. I. The Persons From the digging into the history of Calvinism, I have discovered one clear fact: Calvinism is a religious thinking in the 1500s of Switzerland when he lived and movement that goes well beyond John Calvin, in some worked. -
Memory Before Modernity Studies in Medieval and Reformation Traditions
Memory before Modernity Studies in Medieval and Reformation Traditions Edited by Andrew Colin Gow, Edmonton, Alberta In cooperation with Sylvia Brown, Edmonton, Alberta Falk Eisermann, Berlin Berndt Hamm, Erlangen Johannes Heil, Heidelberg Susan C. Karant-Nunn, Tucson, Arizona Martin Kaufhold, Augsburg Erik Kwakkel, Leiden Jürgen Miethke, Heidelberg Christopher Ocker, San Anselmo and Berkeley, California Founding Editor Heiko A. Oberman † VOLUME 176 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/smrt Memory before Modernity Practices of Memory in Early Modern Europe Edited by Erika Kuijpers Judith Pollmann Johannes Müller Jasper van der Steen LEIDEN • BOSTON 2013 The digital edition of this title is published in Open Access. Cover illustration: Memorial tablet in the façade of the so-called ‘Spanish House’ in the Holland town of Naarden, located on the spot of the former town hall. In 1572 during the Dutch Revolt, 700 men from Naarden were gathered here and killed by Habsburg troops. The town hall was burnt down and rebuilt in 1615. (Photo Ralf Akemann). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Memory before modernity : practices of memory in early modern Europe / edited by Erika Kuijpers, Judith Pollmann, Johannes Müller, Jasper van der Steen. pages cm. — (Studies in medieval and Reformation traditions, ISSN 1573-4188; volume 176) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-26124-2 (hardback : acid-free paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-26125-9 (e-book) 1. Memory—Social aspects—Europe—History—16th century. 2. Memory—Social aspects— Europe—History—17th century. 3. Loss (Psychology)—Social aspects—Europe—History. 4. Social conflict—Europe—History. -
Title Page R.J. Pederson
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/22159 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Pederson, Randall James Title: Unity in diversity : English puritans and the puritan reformation, 1603-1689 Issue Date: 2013-11-07 UNITY IN DIVERSITY: ENGLISH PURITANS AND THE PURITAN REFORMATION 1603-1689 Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. Carel Stolker volgens besluit van het College voor promoties te verdedigen op 7 November 2013 klokke 15:00 uur door Randall James Pederson geboren te Everett, Washington, USA in 1975 Promotiecommissie Promotores: Prof. dr. Gijsbert van den Brink Prof. dr. Richard Alfred Muller, Calvin Theological Seminary, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA Leden: Prof. dr. Ernestine van der Wall Dr. Jan Wim Buisman Prof. dr. Henk van den Belt Prof. dr. Willem op’t Hof Dr. Willem van Vlastuin Contents Part I: Historical Method and Background Chapter One: Historiographical Introduction, Methodology, Hypothesis, and Structure ............. 1 1.1 Another Book on English Puritanism? Historiographical Justification .................. 1 1.2 Methodology, Hypothesis, and Structure ...................................................................... 20 1.2.1 Narrative and Metanarrative .............................................................................. 25 1.2.2 Structure ................................................................................................................... 31 1.3 Summary ................................................................................................................................