DOCSLIB.ORG

Reference Book REFUGEES in BULGARIA Building the National System for Refugee Protection 1993-2003

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

State Agency for Refugees The UN Refugee Agency European Union Reference Book REFUGEES IN BULGARIA Building the National System for Refugee Protection 1993-2003 June 2004 Sofia Bulgarian Red Cross Bulgarian Helsinki Committee Caritas – Bulgaria REFUGEES IN BULGARIA: Building of the National System for Refugee Protection, 1993-2003 Technical Data Co-Editors: DRUKE, Luise and ANTONOV, Boyko; 1. Advisory Board of Heads of NGO Refugee Services: VALCHANOVA, Tatanya SAVOVA, Iliana PATASHEV, Emanouil AWANIS, Linda 2. Leading Academic Experts in the Framework of ARSIB: Prof. GEORGIEVA, Bogdana Assoc. Prof. KOLEV, Georgi Assoc. Prof. KRASTEVA, Anna Assoc. Prof. TZANKOV, Vesselin Assoc. Prof. VIDIN, Blagoy 3. Research, Coordination and Review Group: SABEVA, Kina; SOPF, Davor; KARAYANEVA Petya; KROUMOV, Volen Financial and Printing Matters: GANCHEVA, Irina Secretariat: KIRILOVA, Raina Electronic Processing: PEEV, Emil 4. Editorial Support Group: UNHCR Techn. Coordination: VIKTOROVA, Emilia (B); KIRILOVA, Dessislava (E) SAR: GENCHEVA, Svoboda (B); CHESHIRKOV, Boris (E) BRC/CWR: ONGIRO, Aloyo Alex BHC: STOYANOVA, Mariana CARITAS/ACET: GEORGIEVA, Tzveta 5. Final Editing and Proofreading: STOYANOVA, Daniela (English version) DIMITROVA, Milena (Bulgarian version) ISBN number: 954-90785-3-1 (English version); 954-90785-2-3 (Bulgarian version) Published by the UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria in cooperation with the State Agency for Re- fugees with the Council of Ministers (http://www.unhcr.bg/pubs/10_yr_report/10_yr_report.htm and www.aref-bg.org). Printing House “Obrazovanie i Nauka” Ltd. This Joint Report is prepared to document the first ten years of the implementation of the 1951 Geneva Convention and is launched on the occasion of the World Refugee Day 2004 and in the context of the 8th UNHCR Round Table on Bulgaria's EU Integration, European Asylum Harmonisation and Interna- tional Refugee Protection in the National Assembly in Sofia. Number of copies printed: 2000 in Bulgarian and 2000 in English @ UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria, Sofia, 2004 Reference Book of the UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria and the State Agency for Refugees, in consultation with the MFA and the EC Delegation in Bulgaria, and in co-operation with the Bulgarian Red Cross, the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee and Caritas Bulgaria, Sofia June 2004 REFUGEES IN BULGARIA: Building of the National System for Refugee Protection, 1993-2003 ABSTRACT This Joint Report is a publication of the UNHCR Representation in Bulga- ria, the State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministers, in cooperation with the Delegation of the European Commission in Bulgaria, and the refugee- assisting NGO partners in Bulgaria. Its objective is to review and document the past ten years of progress in building the national system for refugee protection since the ratification of the 1951 Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Proto- col in 1993, and to look together ahead toward further harmonisation with the in- ternational standards and the evolving EU asylum acquis in the “post-Amsterdam 2004-2006” phase of Bulgaria's EU accession. OUTLINE Contributions of: President of the Republic of Bulgaria UN Secretary-General UN High Commissioner for Refugees Prime Minister of Bulgaria Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria Minister with Responsibility for Refugees Head of the Delegation of the European Commission in Bulgaria Director of Bureau for Europe, UNHCR Geneva Chapters 1. Introduction by UNHCR and the State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministers 2. Main political, economic and social developments in Bulgaria, 1993-2003, reviewed by MFA 3. Chapters by the UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria and the State Agency for Refugees (SAR) 4. Chapters by the Bulgarian Red Cross/Council of Refugee Women, the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee, Caritas BG 5. Summary and Strategic Outlook 6. Selected Bibliography 7. Annexes (Milestones, Statistics, Budget Table, Judicial Decisions, Academic Initiatives, Map, Contacts) Reference Book of the UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria and the State Agency for Refugees, in consultation with the MFA and the EC Delegation in Bulgaria, and in co-operation with the Bulgarian Red Cross, the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee and Caritas Bulgaria, Sofia June 2004 REFUGEES IN BULGARIA: Building of the National System for Refugee Protection, 1993-2003 Table of Contents Dedication . .i Quotes of the President of the Republic of Bulgaria, the UN Secretary-General and the UN High Commissioner . .ii Message Prime Minister of Bulgaria . iii Forewords Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria . .iv Minister with responsibility for refugees . v Head of the Delegation of the European Commission in Bulgaria . .vi Preface Director of the Regional Bureau for Europe, UNHCR Headquarters, Geneva . vii Co-editors and Acknowledgments . .viii Photos . .xvii 1. Introduction, UNHCR Representative and State Agency for Refugees President (co-editors) . .1 2. Main Political, Economic and Social Developments in the Republic of Bulgaria . .5 3. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees . .11 3.1. Mandate, Goals and Priorities for Central Europe and Bulgaria . .11 3.2. Protection and Durable Solutions for Refugees . .19 3.3. Programme and Operations . .40 3.4. External Affairs . .48 3.5. Administration and Human Resources . .54 4. State Agency for Refugees . .55 4.1. Legal Foundation and Building of the Government Institution . .55 4.2. EU Accession Negotiations & SAR's Collaboration with the Delegation of the European Commission . .58 4.3. SAR's External Relations: Cooperation with UNHCR, IOM and NGOs . .61 4.4. SAR's Participation in International Forums . .69 4.5. SAR's Cooperation with Counterpart Agencies Abroad . .70 4.6. Media Policy .. .71 4.7. Conclusion . .71 5. Bulgarian Red Cross, including Council of Refugee Women in Bulgaria (CRWB) .72 5.1. Mission and Goals . .72 5.2. Chronicle of a Decade . .72 5.3. Number and Origin of Persons Assisted by BRC . .76 5.4. Types of BRC Assistance Rendered on behalf of UNHCR . .76 5.5. Projects and Financing . .77 5.6. Cooperation with the Council of Refugee Women in Bulgaria . .77 Reference Book of the UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria and the State Agency for Refugees, in consultation with the MFA and the EC Delegation in Bulgaria, and in co-operation with the Bulgarian Red Cross, the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee and Caritas Bulgaria, Sofia June 2004 REFUGEES IN BULGARIA: Building of the National System for Refugee Protection, 1993-2003 6. Bulgarian Helsinki Committee . .80 6.1. Establishment of the Refugee and Migrant Protection Program in 1994 with support of UNHCR . .80 6.2. Programme and Operations . .80 6.3. Working with the Courts . .81 6.4. Monitoring of Border and Detention Places . .82 6.5. External Relations and Public Information . .83 7. Caritas Bulgaria, including Assistance Centre for Torture Survivors (ACET) . .84 7.1. Caritas Bulgaria – who we are . .84 7.2. Caritas Bulgaria – Partnerships, 1996-2001 and 2001-2003 . .84 7.3. Caritas Bulgaria – Opportunities, Perspectives and Expectations . .86 7.4. Cooperation with Assistance Centre for Torture Survivors . .86 8. Summary and Strategic Perspective . .88 8.1. Summary . .88 8.2. Strategic Perspective . .93 9. Selected Bibliography . .97 9.1. International Legal Instruments http://www.unhcr.bg/bglaw/index_international.htm . .97 9.2. EU Legal Instruments and Documents Related to Asylum http://www.unhcr.bg/euro_docs/index_eu.htm .. .98 9.3. National Legislation http://www.unhcr.bg/bglaw/index_national.htm …. .100 9.4. Annotated Bibliography research/translation supported and/or financed by UNHCR in Bulgaria http://www.unhcr.bg/arsib/publ_en.pdf.. .100 9.5. Reference on general refugee matters www.unhcr.ch . .104 9.6. New Issues in Refugee Research http://www.unhcr.ch/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/research. .110 9.7. Selected Specialised Journals and Publications of Research . .121 10. Annexes . .123 10.1. Key Milestones of Developing the National System for Refugee Protection in Bulgaria (1992-2003). .123 10.2. Statistics (Asylum Applications Worldwide; Asylum Applications submitted in Europe; Asylum Applications in Central Europe; Trends, Countries of Origin and Decisions on Asylum Applications in Bulgaria; Related to BRC's work). .128 10.3. Budget Table showing UNHCR's contributions to the governmental and NGO refugee bodies 1993-2003. .142 10.4. Significant Judicial Decisions of a Precedent-Setting Nature (Supreme Administrative Court and Sofia City Court). .144 10.5. Chronology and Development of the Academic Refugee Initiative in Bulgaria (ARSIB) . .149 10.6. Acronyms Used . .154 10.7. Map of Bulgaria with Refugee-related Points of Interest . .156 10.8. Contact Information of Organisations Involved in Refugee-related Work in Sofia . .157 Reference Book of the UNHCR Representation in Bulgaria and the State Agency for Refugees, in consultation with.
Recommended publications
  • Annual Report 2007 Content

    Annual Report 2007 Content

    Annual Report 2007 Content I. Slovak Telekom Group Milestones of 2007 3 Slovak Telekom Group Companies 7 Corporate Identity 8 Slovak Telekom Group Profile 9 Letter to Shareholders 16 Slovak Telekom - statutory bodies 19 Corporate Governance 24 II. Shaping development in the telecommunications market Increasing competition, higher quality services 28 III. Report of the Company’s Management Products and Services of Slovak Telekom Group: Connecting People and Companies 37 Information Technologies: System Support for Effective Business and New Service Launch 54 It Pays To Be a Slovak Telekom Group employee 58 Communication opens the door for our new products 63 Corporate Social Responsibility of Slovak Telekom Group 75 IV. Financial Results Consolidated Financial Statements 80 Financial Statements 121 I. Slovak Telekom Group Milestones of 2007 January New Programme: T-Mobile Slovensko, a.s. (hereinafter also T-Mobile Slovensko) launched Easy Plus loyalty program for prepaid cards. Modernisation: Slovak Telekom, a.s. (hereinafter also Slovak Telekom) switched off the very last telegraph exchange in Slovakia after 160 years of successful operation. Price Unification: Slovak Telekom providing its services under T-Com brand, unified prices of the Hlas cez internet service (VoIP) for all customers, regardless of type of their internet connection used. Improved Service: The number of games of the Hry (Games) service offered by T-Com through the T-Station portal exceeded one hundred and new smashing games for demanding players as well as simple games for the youngest were added. February Lower Prices: Calls from fixed line to all mobile networks dropped in price thanks to the change of Mobill packages for residential and business customers.
  • Ecology of Dual Careers Work Package 2 Report

    Ecology of Dual Careers Work Package 2 Report

    Ecology of Dual Careers Work Package 2 Report Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction and Background ................................................................................................ 2 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Outline and Methods ...................... 6 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – Belgium ......................... 10 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – Denmark ....................... 38 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – Finland .......................... 63 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – Slovenia ......................... 79 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – Spain .............................. 93 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – Sweden ........................ 110 Dual Career Development Environment Case Study Results – United Kingdom ......... 151 Factors Contributing to Effectiveness and Efficiency of Dual Career Development Environments Outline and Methods .................................................................................. 168 Factors Contributing to Effectiveness and Efficiency of Dual Career Development Environments Results .......................................................................................................... 174 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................
  • %86,1(66%86,1(66

    %86,1(66%86,1(66

    z z z z EVENTS ANALYSES INTERVIEWS Issue 1(172) CO%86,1(66 NNECT January-February 2017 $ආൾඋංർൺඇ&ඁൺආൻൾඋඈൿ&ඈආආൾඋർൾංඇ%ඎඅ඀ൺඋංൺ SINCE 1990 WITH ACCESS TO 100 COUNTRIES 21 000 LAWYERS 160 LAW FIRMS AT HOME WORLDWIDE COMMERCIAL & COMPANY LAW COMPETITION & ANTITRUST MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS ENERGY & RENEWABLES ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LITIGATION & ARBITRATION & PUBLIC PROCUREMENT BANKING & FINANCING LAW TAXATION & LABOR TRADEMARKS, PATENTS IT, MEDIA & TELECOMMUNICATIONS & LICENSING Legal: 500: Chambers Europe: Chambers Global: IFLR 1000: “Excellent, comprehensive “More western than others” “Innovative and practical, “They are the best and responsive services” “One of the best in Bulgaria” entirely client & business when it comes to advising investors, “Excellent – prompt, oriented” they know how the law works…” efficient and extremely knowledgeable of the local environment” e-mail: [email protected] ∙ www.penkov-markov.eu ∙ telephone: (+359 2) 971 3935 editor's notes 1 Labor Conundrum Labor market in Bulgaria resembles a riddle, overwhelmed with opposite-side arguments in a way that whatever you say, it may well be true. There is a high percentage of youth unemployment, but at the same time big portion of highly qualiÀ ed older professionals were kicked out of the market due to their retirement age. Moreover, the labor market is not prepared for the new challenge of older workers’ needs and the pension system is increasing the retirement age. Qualitative labor shortage versus being an overqualiÀ ed professional striving to À nd a decent job, are another two sides to the story. In trying to solve the conundrum and indicate possible solutions, Business Connect assembled a medley of opinions from diverse social groups: a former minister of labor and social policy, researchers, AmCham business leaders and leaders of professional associations in the IT, outsourcing and automobile industries.
  • Bulgaria – the Difficult “Return to Europe”

    Bulgaria – the Difficult “Return to Europe”

    European Democracy in Action BULGARIA – THE DIFFICULT “RETURN TO EUROPE” TAMARA BUSCHEK Against the background of the EU accession of Bulgaria on 1st January 2007 and the first Bulgarian elections for the European Parliament on 20th May 2007, Tamara Buschek takes a closer look at Bulgaria’s uneven political and economic transition – at its difficult “return to Europe”. Graduated from Graz University (Austria) in 2003 with a Masters in Law [magistra juris] after finishing her studies in European and international law. After gaining a grant from the Chamber of Commerce in 2000 to complete an internship at the Austrian Embassy in London, she carried out research for her dissertation in criminal law – “The Prevention of Sexual Child Abuse – Austria/Great Britain” - in 2001 at the London School of Economics. She studied European and administrative law in Paris from 2001 to 2002 as part of an Erasmus year. She is quadrilingual (German, Bulgarian, English and French). « BULGARIA – THE DIFFICULT RETURN TO EUROPE » MAY 2007 Table of Contents Introduction P. 1 2.3 The current governmental coalition, 2005-2007 and the P. 21 presidential election in 2006 I – Background Information P. 3 III - The first European Parliament elections, 20 May 2007 P. 25 1.1 Hopes and Fears P. 3 Conclusion P. 30 1.2 Ethnic Minorities P. 5 1.3 Economic Facts P. 7 Annex P. 32 II – Political Situation- a difficult path towards stability P. 9 Annex 1: Key facts P. 32 2.1 The transition from 1989 till 2001 P. 9 Annex 2: Economic Profile P. 33 2.1.1 The legislative elections of 1990 and the first P.
  • Weatherhead Center for International Affairs

    Weatherhead Center for International Affairs

    WEATHERHEAD CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS H A R V A R D U N I V E R S I T Y two2004-2005 thousand four – two thousand five ANNUAL REPORTS two2005-2006 thousand five – two thousand six 1737 Cambridge Street • Cambridge, MA 02138 www.wcfia.harvard.edu TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 PEOPLE Visiting Committee 4 Executive Committee 4 Administration 6 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES Small Grants for Faculty Research Projects 8 Medium Grants for Faculty Research Projects 9 Large Grants for Faculty Research Projects 9 Large Grants for Faculty Research Semester Leaves 9 Distinguished Lecture Series 11 Weatherhead Initiative in International Affairs 12 CONFERENCES 13 RESEARCH SEMINARS Challenges of the Twenty-First Century 34 Communist and Postcommunist Countries 35 Comparative Politics Research Workshop 36 Comparative Politics Seminar 39 Director’s Faculty Seminar 39 Economic Growth and Development 40 Harvard-MIT Joint Seminar on Political Development 41 Herbert C. Kelman Seminar on International Conflict Analysis and Resolution 42 International Business 43 International Economics 45 International History 48 Middle East 49 Political Violence and Civil War 51 Science and Society 51 South Asia 52 Transatlantic Relations 53 U.S. Foreign Policy 54 RESEARCH PROGRAMS Canada Program 56 Fellows Program 58 Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies 65 John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies 74 Justice, Welfare, and Economics 80 Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival 82 Religion, Political Economy, and Society 84 Student Programs 85 Transnational Studies Initiative 95 U.S.-Japan Relations 96 PUBLICATIONS 104 ANNUAL REPORTS 2004–2005 / 2005–2006 - 1 - INTRODUCTION In August 2005, the Weatherhead Center moved In another first, the faculty research semester to the new Center for Government and leaves that the Center awarded in spring 2005 International Studies (CGIS) complex.
  • The Competitiveness of Slovak Foreign Trade in the European Market

    The Competitiveness of Slovak Foreign Trade in the European Market

    ECONOMIC ANNALS, Volume LVIII, No. 196 / January – March 2013 UDC: 3.33 ISSN: 0013-3264 DOI:10.2298/EKA1396007P Viera Pavličková* THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SLOVAK FOREIGN TRADE IN THE EUROPEAN MARKET ABSTRACT: The paper deals with the with prices. Labour- and capital-intensive competitiveness of the Slovak Republic in commodities, along with the automotive its ability to succeed in foreign markets. It industry, dominate Slovak foreign trade. provides a complex view of Slovak foreign Technology- and R&D-driven goods have a trade within the European Union using a comparative disadvantage as a consequence sectoral classification of products. Several of several factors, such as lack of innovation appropriate methods (Constant Market and creativity in the business sphere. A Share Analysis, Revealed Comparative shift towards export of more sophisticated Advantage, Michaely Index, and unit products would be beneficial in supporting export and import values) are applied to long-term sustainable development; quantify the competitiveness of Slovak however, no significant change in Slovak foreign trade and to identify the level and commodity structure has occurred over the trend of its specialisation. The analysis uses past years. the data provided by the Eurostat Comext database for the period 1999-2011. KEY WORDS: competitiveness, Constant The results confirmed Slovakia as a former Market Share Analysis, Revealed transition country to be a fast developing Comparative Advantage, Michaely Index, open economy. Its production is competitive REVELAST Method in the European market, although mainly JEL CLASSIFICATION: F14 * Department of Banking and Investment, Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Slovakia, E-mail: [email protected] 7 Economic Annals, Volume LVIII, No.
  • Balkan Case Challenge Is More Than Just an Ordinary Challenge

    Balkan Case Challenge Is More Than Just an Ordinary Challenge

    The Balkan Case Challenge is more than just an ordinary challenge. It is a truly commendable experience which provides young people with a wide range of opportunities for networking, personal growth and development. During the event I got the chance to cooperate with and learn from highly qualified young people from different backgrounds, improve my teamwork skills and work on an inspiring case, and at the same time enjoy the lovely city of Vienna. Irena Efremovska, Macedonia, BIZ participant 2010 The very fi rst moments of the Balkan Case Challenge made it clear that we were here for a common goal: bringing us and our countries closer together. I have not only gained a lot of professional experience but also found friends from all over South-Eastern Europe. Thomas Moik, Austria, LMC participant 2009 The BCC makes a difference, not only for the participants who defi nitely make new friends and in the best case also get a job through the BCC, but also for the organizers. Veronika Nitsche, WUS Austria The BCC is an important and constructive contribution, since without support for education, it is impossible to propel a transformation for peace and economic and social stability. Through education, we observe our responsibility for Europe and the future. Erhard Busek, Chairman Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe More information on www.bcchallenge.org international case study competition balkan caassee cchhaalllleennggee INTERNATIONALINTERNATIONAL CASECASE STUDYSTUDY COMPETITIONCOMPETITION ANDAND CAREERCAREER FAIRFAIR WITHWITH FOCUSFOCUS ONON SOUTH-EASTERNSOUTH-EASTERN EUROPEEUROPE July 5-9, 2010 IN VIENNA 148 TOP STUDENTS FROMFROM SOUTH-EASTERNSOUTH-EASTERN EUROPEEUROPE AND AUSTRIA COMPETING IN 4 ACADEMIC DISCIPLINES t IMPRINT: Published by: WUS Austria Editors: Maria Brunnhofer, Andreas Krammer Layout: Edin Prnjavorac All Photos by Reen West except on page 4 by Manca Juvan/Stability Pact, pages 5, 31 (top) by WUS Austria (Archive), page 28 (bottom) by ADA / F.
  • There Has Been No Bulgarian Tradition of Any Long-Standing Resistance to the Communist Regime

    There Has Been No Bulgarian Tradition of Any Long-Standing Resistance to the Communist Regime

    There has been no Bulgarian tradition of any long-standing resistance to the communist regime. There was neither any political opposition, nor any other kind of an influential dissident movement. Bulgaria never went through the purgatory of the Hungarian uprising of 1956, or the “Prague spring” of 1968. It is indeed difficult to find any counter arguments whatsoever against the cliché that Bul- garia was the closest satellite of the Soviet Union. The fundamental contradictions within the Union of Democratic Forces (SDS) coalition were present from the very first day of its inception. There were Marxists who were longing for “socialism with a human face”, intellectuals with liberal ideas, social democrats and Christian democrats, conservatives and radical demo- crats, monarchists and republicans. The members of the center-right coalition did not delude themselves about their differences; they rather shared the clear un- derstanding that only a painful compromise could stand some chances against the Goliath of the totalitarian Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP). It was this unani- mous opposition to the communist regime and its legacy that made the coalition possible. But only for a limited period of time. The United Democratic Forces (ODS) government under Prime Minister Ivan Kostov (1997-2001) completed the reformist agenda of anti-communism. At the end of the ODS term of office, Bulgaria was a country with a functioning market economy, stable democracy, and a clearly outlined foreign policy course towards the country’s accession to the European Union and NATO, which was accepted by all significant political formations, the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) included.
  • Environmental and Social Data Sheet

    Environmental and Social Data Sheet

    Luxembourg, 12 November 2013 Environmental and Social Data Sheet Overview Project Name: Struma Motorway Project Number: 20110722 Country: Bulgaria Project Description: Construction of three sections of the Struma Motorway with a total length of 68.5 km EIA required: YES 1 Project included in Carbon Footprint Exercise : YES (Details are provided in section: “Carbon Footprint”) Summary of Environmental and Social Assessment, including key issues and overall conclusion and recommendation The project is part of the SOP-T which was subject to a strategic environmental assessment following Bulgarian legislation in accordance with SEA Directive 2001/42/EC. The Environmental report was approved in February 21st, 2007. The project has required two EIA decisions: (i) one for the new motorway section (68.5km) and (ii) one for the realignment of the Sofia – Kulata Railway line in Lot 4 (5km). (i) The motorway project falls under Annex I 7b of the EIA Directive 2011/92/EU for which the EIA is mandatory. The Ministry of Environment and Waters (MoEW) is the competent authority to issue EIA decisions in consultation with other authorities with responsibilities on environmental aspects. Based on the EIA Report, its Supplements and the results from the public consultations, the MoEW issued a positive EIA Decision No. 1-1/2008 on 15.01.2008. (due to a factual error the EIA Decision was amended and its final number is EIA Decision No 1-1(1)/2008). The MoEW is also the Competent Authority for Natura 2000 sites. An Appropriate Assessment (AA) was provided as an appendix to the EIA Report Supplement of October 2007.
  • New Issues in Refugee Research

    New Issues in Refugee Research

    NEW ISSUES IN REFUGEE RESEARCH Research Paper No. 129 Refugee policy in Eurasia: The CIS Conference and EU Enlargement Process 1996-2005 Luise Druke Center for International Studies, Program on Human Rights and Justice Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] August 2006 Policy Development and Evaluation Service Policy Development and Evaluation Service United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees CP 2500, 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland E-mail: [email protected], Web Site: www.unhcr.org ABSTRACT This research found that significant progress has been made overall in developing a refugee policy in Eurasia (which was defined in this study as the countries comprising the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine/Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan; and the Central European countries of Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Slovak Republic and Slovenia). In Central Europe, the EU integration process was found to be the main engine for the refugee policy development (a condition for EU membership), though the situation with regard to its implementation was less impressive. However, as these countries are all EU Member States, (following Bulgaria and Romania’s entry in January 2007), they are evolving into the common European asylum space, which is meant, among others, to uphold at least minimum standards of refugee protection. The research also highlighted how institutions and implementation matter. For example, the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg could play an increasing role in upholding basic protection standards upon referrals to it from national courts in EU Member States under Article 234 of the Treaty of Rome 1957, as amended by the Amsterdam and subsequent texts, in order to provide judicial protection and to clarify the scope and meaning of European law in numerous areas, including asylum.
  • Bulgaria About This Guide

    Bulgaria About This Guide

    Expeditionary Culture Field Guide Varna Veliko Tarnovo Sofia Plovdiv Bulgaria About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and achieve mission objectives. The fundamental information contained within will help you understand the cultural dimension of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for success (Photo: Souvenir vendor in the old part of Plovdiv, Bulgaria courtesy of CultureGrams, ProQuest). The guide consists of 2 parts: ECFG Part 1 is the “Culture General” section, which provides the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any global environment with a focus on Eastern Europe. Bulgaria Part 2 is the “Culture Specific” section, which describes unique cultural features of Bulgarian society. It applies culture- general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location. This section is designed to complement other pre- deployment training (Photo: US and Bulgarian senior NCOs discuss enlisted force development concerns). For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/AFCLC or contact the AFCLC Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the express permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources. GENERAL CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments.
  • UNESCO. General Conference; 23Rd; Records of the General Conference

    UNESCO. General Conference; 23Rd; Records of the General Conference

    Optical Character Recognition (OCR) document. WARNING! Spelling errors might subsist. In order to access to the original document in image form, click on "Original" button on 1st page. Records of the General Conference Twenty-third Session Sofia, 8 October to 9 November 1985 Volume 1 Resolutions United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Optical Character Recognition (OCR) document. WARNING! Spelling errors might subsist. In order to access to the original document in image form, click on "Original" button on 1st page. Note on the Records of the General Conference The Records of the twenty-third session of the General Conference are printed in three volumes: The present volume, containing the resolutions adopted by the General Conference and the list of officers of the General Conference and of the Commissions and Committees (Volume I); The volume Reports, which contains the reports of Commissions I to V, the Administrative Commission and the Legal Committee (Volume 2); The volume of Proceedings, which contains the verbatim records of plenary meetings, the list of participants and the list of documents (Volume 3). Note on the numbering of resolutions The resolutions have been numbered serially. It is recommended that references to resolutions be made in one of the following forms: ‘Resolution 15.1 adopted by the General Conference at its twenty-third session’; or ‘23C/Resolution 15.1’. Published in 1986 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7 place de Fontenoy. 75700 Paris Printed by Imprimerie des Presses Universitaires de France, Vendôme ISBN 92-3-102403-5 Arabic edition: 92-3-602403-3 Chinese edition: 92-3-502403-X French edition: 92-3-202403-9 Russian edition: 92-3-402403-6 Spanish edition: 92-3-302403-2 Unesco 1986 Printed in France Optical Character Recognition (OCR) document.