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Effect of Enzymes on Strawberry Volatiles During Storage, at Different Ripeness
Effect of Enzymes on Strawberry Volatiles During Storage, at Different Ripeness Level, in Different Cultivars and During Eating Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Gulsah Ozcan Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology The Ohio State University 2010 Thesis Committee: Sheryl Ann Barringer, Adviser W. James Harper John Litchfield 1 Copyright by Gülşah Özcan 2010 ii ABSTRACT Strawberry samples with enzyme activity and without enzyme activity (stannous chloride added) were measured for real time formation of lipoxygenase (LOX) derived aroma compounds after 5 min pureeing using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). The concentration of (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal increased immediately after blending and gradually decreased over time while hexanal concentration increased for at least 5 min in ground strawberries. The formation of hexanal was slower than the formation of (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal in the headspace of pureed strawberries. The concentration of LOX aldehydes and esters significantly increased during refrigerated storage. Damaging strawberries increased the concentration of LOX aldehydes but did not significantly affect the concentration of esters. The concentrations of many of the esters were strongly correlated to their corresponded acids and/or aldehydes. The concentration of LOX generated aldehydes decreased during ripening, while fruity esters increased. Different varieties had different aroma profiles and esters were the greatest percentage of the volatiles. The aroma release of some of the LOX derived aldehydes in the mouthspace in whole strawberries compared to chopped strawberries showed that these volatiles are formed in the mouth during chewing. -
Synthetic Turf Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting Materials
California Environmental Protection Agency Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment Synthetic Turf Study Synthetic Turf Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting May 31, 2019 MEETING MATERIALS THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment California Environmental Protection Agency Agenda Synthetic Turf Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting May 31, 2019, 9:30 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. 1001 I Street, CalEPA Headquarters Building, Sacramento Byron Sher Auditorium The agenda for this meeting is given below. The order of items on the agenda is provided for general reference only. The order in which items are taken up by the Panel is subject to change. 1. Welcome and Opening Remarks 2. Synthetic Turf and Playground Studies Overview 4. Synthetic Turf Field Exposure Model Exposure Equations Exposure Parameters 3. Non-Targeted Chemical Analysis Volatile Organics on Synthetic Turf Fields Non-Polar Organics Constituents in Crumb Rubber Polar Organic Constituents in Crumb Rubber 5. Public Comments: For members of the public attending in-person: Comments will be limited to three minutes per commenter. For members of the public attending via the internet: Comments may be sent via email to [email protected]. Email comments will be read aloud, up to three minutes each, by staff of OEHHA during the public comment period, as time allows. 6. Further Panel Discussion and Closing Remarks 7. Wrap Up and Adjournment Agenda Synthetic Turf Advisory Panel Meeting May 31, 2019 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment California Environmental Protection Agency DRAFT for Discussion at May 2019 SAP Meeting. Table of Contents Synthetic Turf and Playground Studies Overview May 2019 Update ..... -
Isoamyl Acetate
SUMMARY OF DATA FOR CHEMICAL SELECTION Isoamyl Acetate CAS No. 123-92-2 Prepared for NTP by Technical Resources International, Inc Prepared on 11/94 Under NCI Contract No. N01-CP-56019 Table of Contents I. Chemical Identification II. Exposure Information Table 1. Levels of isoamyl acetate reported in foods III. Evidence for Possible Carcinogenic Activity Appendix A: Structural Analogs of Isoamyl Acetate IV. References SUMMARY OF DATA FOR CHEMICAL SELECTION CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION CAS Registry No.: 123-92-2 Chem. Abstr. Name: 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, acetate Synonyms: Acetic acid 3-methylbutyl ester; acetic acid, isopentyl ester; AI3-00576; banana oil; isoamyl ethanoate; isopentyl acetate; isopentyl alcohol, acetate; pear oil; 3-methyl-1-butanol acetate; 3-methyl-1-butyl acetate; 3-methylbutyl acetate; 3-methylbutyl ethanoate; i-amyl acetate Structure: Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight: C7H14O2 Mol. Wt.: 130.18 Chemical and Physical Properties: Description: Colorless, flammable liquid with a banana-like odor (ACGIH, 1993). Boiling Point: 142°C (Lide, 1993) Melting Point: -78.5°C (Mark, et al, 1984; Lide, 1993) Solubility: Soluble in water (2000 mg/L at 25°C) (Howard, 1990); soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, and acetone (Lide, 1993). Vapor 4.5 mm Hg at 20°C (Howard, 1990) Pressure: Refractive 1.4003 (Lide, 1993) Index: Flash Point: closed cup, 33°C; open cup, 38°:C (Budavari, 1989) Density: 0.876 (Lewis, 1993) Reactivity: Thermal decomposition of isoamyl acetate may produce acrid fumes. Contact with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, and alkaline materials should be avoided (Haarmann & Reimer Corp., 1994). Hazardous decomposition products of isoamyl acetate include CO and CO2 (AESAR/Alfa, 1994) Log 2.13 (Howard, 1990) P(octanol/water partition coefficient): Technical Isoamyl acetate is commercially available as both a natural and synthetic product with a purity Products and range of 95-99+%. -
Butyl Acetate Safety Data Sheet Sipchem Chemicals Company
Butyl Acetate Safety Data Sheet Sipchem Chemicals Company SCC Sipchem Chemicals Company Safety Data Sheet According to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 1. Identification of the substance/mixture and of the responsible company 1.1. Product Identifier: Butyl Acetate (C6H12O2) BUTYL ACETATE; BUTYL ETHANOATE; 1-BUTYL ACETATE; ACETIC ACID N-BUTYL ESTER; ACETIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER; 1-ACETOXYBUTANE; UN 1123; C6H12O2 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against: Identified uses: Industrial solvent, solvent for coatings, films, perfumes and synthetic flavoring agents, extraction solvent for various products and laboratory procedures. 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet: Sipchem Chemicals Company (SCC) PO Box 12021 Post Coe 31961 Jubail Industrial City Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Website: www.sipchem.com/en/affiliates.htm 1.4. Emergency telephone number: 00966-359 9985 (24 hours) 2. Hazards Identification Butyl Acetate CAS 123-86-4 Purity: >99.0% Trace Impurities: Butanol 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture: Classification of Labeling in accordance with the CLP Regulations: Classification Labeling N International Hazard Class and Hazard statement Pictogram Hazard Suppl. Hazard Specific o Index No Chemical EC No CAS No Category Code(s) Code(s) Signal Statement statement Conc. Limits, t Identification Word Code(s) Code(s) M-factors e Code(s) s 607-025- R:10-66-67 GHS02 H225 123-86-4 Flam. Liq. 3 00-1 Butyl Acetate 204-658-1 GHS07 H319 #EUH066 100 STOT SE 3 H336 Classification according to Regulation 1272/2008/EC (CLP) Basis for Classification This substance is classified based on Directive 1272/2008/EC and its amendments (CLP Regulation,GHS) BUTYL ACETATE (123-86-4) SAFETY DATA SHEET according to Regulation (EC) No. -
Dc349fr3501 A3 1/12
DC349FR3501_A3 Safety Data Sheet DEVTHANE 349 LOW HAP ARMAG WHITE PTA Bulk Sales Reference No.: DC349FR3501 SDS Revision Date: 02/11/2019 SDS Revision Number: A3-7 1. Identification of the preparation and company 1.1. Product identifier Product Identity DEVTHANE 349 LOW HAP ARMAG WHITE PTA Bulk Sales Reference No. DC349FR3501 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended Use See Technical Data Sheet. 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company Name International Paint LLC Manufacturer: Akzo Nobel Coatings International Paint 6001 Antoine Drive Houston, Texas 77091 Emergency CHEMTREC (800) 424-9300 International Paint (713) 682-1711 Poison Control Center (800) 854-6813 Customer Service International Paint (800) 589-1267 Fax No. (800) 631-7481 2. Hazard identification of the product 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture Flam. Liq. 3;H226 Flammable liquid and vapor. Skin Sens. 1;H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. Aquatic Chronic 3;H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. 2.2. Label elements Using the Toxicity Data listed in section 11 & 12 the product is labelled as follows. Warning. H226 Flammable liquid and vapor. H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. P210 Keep away from heat / sparks / open flames / hot surfaces - No smoking. P235 Keep cool. P240 Ground / bond container and receiving equipment. 1/12 DC349FR3501_A3 P241 Use explosion-proof electrical / ventilating / light / equipment. P242 Use only non-sparking tools. P243 Take precautionary measures against static discharge. P261 Avoid breathing dust / fume / gas / mist / vapors / spray. -
Indane Acetic Acid Derivatives and Their Use As Pharmaceutical Agents, Intermediates, and Method of Preparation
(19) TZZ___T (11) EP 1 578 715 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: C07C 57/62 (2006.01) C07C 69/612 (2006.01) 02.03.2011 Bulletin 2011/09 C07C 211/48 (2006.01) C07C 327/48 (2006.01) C07D 261/20 (2006.01) C07D 209/08 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 03800063.4 C07D 307/79 C07D 277/64 C07D 215/06 (2006.01) C07D 333/10 (2006.01) C07D 239/30 (2006.01) C07D 239/26 (2006.01) (22) Date of filing: 19.12.2003 C07D 401/04 (2006.01) A61K 31/33 (2006.01) A61K 31/185 (2006.01) (86) International application number: PCT/US2003/040842 (87) International publication number: WO 2004/058174 (15.07.2004 Gazette 2004/29) (54) INDANE ACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS PHARMACEUTICAL AGENTS, INTERMEDIATES, AND METHOD OF PREPARATION INDANESSIGSÄURE-DERIVATE UND IHRE VERWENDUNG ALS PHARMAZEUTISCHE MITTEL SOWIE ZWISCHENPRODUKTE UND METHODEN ZU IHRER HERSTELLUNG DERIVES D’ACIDE ACETIQUE D’INDANE ET LEUR UTILISATION EN TANT QU’AGENTS PHARMACEUTIQUES ET INTERMEDIAIRES, ET PROCEDE DE PREPARATION CORRESPONDANT (84) Designated Contracting States: • LIANG, Sidney, X. DE ES FR GB IT Bethany, CT 06524 (US) • AKUCHE, Christiana (30) Priority: 20.12.2002 US 435310 P Hamden, CT 06514 (US) • LAVOIE, Rico, C. (43) Date of publication of application: Hamden, CT 06517 (US) 28.09.2005 Bulletin 2005/39 • CHEN, Libing Milford, CT 06460 (US) (73) Proprietor: Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation • MAJUMDAR, Dyuti West Haven, CT 06516 (US) Milford, CT 06460 (US) • WICKENS, Philip, L. -
Analysis of Strawberry Volatiles in Different Hydrocolloids and Different
Analysis of strawberry volatiles in different hydrocolloids and different conditions using Selected Ion Flow Tube – Mass Spectrometry THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Yachen Zhang Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology The Ohio State University 2016 Master's Examination Committee: Dr. Sheryl Barringer, Advisor Dr. Dennis Heldman Dr. Christopher Simons © Copyright by Yachen Zhang 2016 i ABSTRACT Hydrocolloids and additives in gummy candies bind flavors, thus it is important to know how these additives affect flavor release. Selected Ion Flow Tube- Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was used to perform static headspace and mouthspace tests. The release of strawberry flavor in different hydrocolloids (gelatin, pectin, and starch) and conditions were analyzed. The factors that were considered were the type of hydrocolloid (gelatin, pectin, and starch), the concentration of the pectin (0, 2, 3, 5 g), sugar content (0, 55, 64, 74g), and acidity (pH 3.86, 3.65, 3.55, 3.47). Volatile release into the headspace of the samples containing no hydrocolloids was significantly higher than samples that contained hydrocolloids. The type of hydrocolloid significantly affected volatile compound concentration released into the headspace. Volatile levels in pectin and starch were lower than when no hydrocolloid was present, but they were not significant different with each other. Gelatin had the lowest volatile concentrations released into the headspace for most compounds. Increasing pectin decreased volatiles release compared to no hydrocolloids present. When the pectin content was further increased from 2g to 5g, most of volatiles had no significant difference. -
Aminoindanesthe Next Wave of Legal Highs?
Drug Testing Review and Analysis Received: 23 May 2011 Accepted: 24 May 2011 Published online in Wiley Online Library: 11 July 2011 (www.drugtestinganalysis.com) DOI 10.1002/dta.318 Aminoindanes – the next wave of ‘legal highs’? P.D. Sainsbury,a A.T. Kicman,a R.P. Archer,b L.A. Kinga and R.A. Braithwaitea∗ Due to its closed ring system, 2-aminoindane is a conformationally rigid analogue of amphetamine. Internet websites offering synthetic compounds as ‘research chemicals’ have recently been advertising 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane (MDAI), 5, 6-methylenedioxy-N-methyl-2-aminoindane (MDMAI), 5-iodo-2-aminoindane (5-IAI), and 5-methoxy-6-methyl-2-aminoindane (MMAI). The chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicological aspects of this new class of psychoactive substances are reviewed, as these could become the next wave of ‘legal highs’. Copyright c 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Keywords: aminoindanes; legal highs; MDAI; MDMAI; 5-IAI; MMAI; serotonin. Introduction Pharmacology Although Solomons and Sam reported in 1973 that the aminoin- Historically, the terms ‘legal highs’ and ‘herbal highs’ referred to danes possessed significant bronchodilating and analgesic blends of psychoactive plants or fungi that could be smoked properties,[2] more recent research points to the aminoindanes as or ingested to induce dissociative effects and hallucinations. having potent effects on serotonin release and re-uptake. A num- These terms, however, have more recently been widened to ber of studies undertaken in the late 1980s and early 1990s con- describe an extensive and growing range of entirely synthetic cerning Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MDMA) substances that have become popular as recreational drugs of also included a comparison with a number of MDMA analogues abuse; this coincides with a period of intense media interest that incorporated an indane ring. -
BLUE BOOK 1 Methyl Acetate CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING
BLUE BOOK 1 Methyl Acetate CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING AUGUST 30-31, 2010 Memorandum To: CIR Expert Panel Members and Liaisons From: Bart Heldreth Ph.D., Chemist Date: July 30, 2010 Subject: Draft Final Report of Methyl Acetate, Simple Alkyl Acetate Esters, Acetic Acid and its Salts as used in Cosmetics . This review includes Methyl Acetate and the following acetate esters, relevant metabolites and acetate salts: Propyl Acetate, Isopropyl Acetate, t-Butyl Acetate, Isobutyl Acetate, Butoxyethyl Acetate, Nonyl Acetate, Myristyl Acetate, Cetyl Acetate, Stearyl Acetate, Isostearyl Acetate, Acetic Acid, Sodium Acetate, Potassium Acetate, Magnesium Acetate, Calcium Acetate, Zinc Acetate, Propyl Alcohol, and Isopropyl Alcohol. At the June 2010 meeting, the Panel reviewed information submitted in response to an insufficient data announcement for HRIPT data for Cetyl Acetate at the highest concentration of use (lipstick). On reviewing the data in the report, evaluating the newly available unpublished studies and assessing the newly added ingredients, the Panel determined that the data are now sufficient, and issued a Tentative Report, with a safe as used conclusion. Included in this report are Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM) sponsored toxicity studies on Methyl Acetate and Propyl Acetate, which were provided in “wave 2” at the June Panel Meeting but are now incorporated in full. The Tentative Report was issued for a 60 day comment period (60 days as of the August panel meeting start date). The Panel should now review the Draft Final Report, confirm the conclusion of safe, and issue a Final Report. All of the materials are in the Panel book as well as in the URL for this meeting's web page http://www.cir- safety.org/aug10.shtml. -
Synthetic Approaches to the Guaiane Sesquiterpenes Lloyd Payne Hill Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1972 Synthetic approaches to the guaiane sesquiterpenes Lloyd Payne Hill Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Hill, Lloyd Payne, "Synthetic approaches to the guaiane sesquiterpenes " (1972). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 5918. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/5918 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 73-3891 HILL, Lloyd Payne, 1945- SYNTHETIC APPROACHES TO THE GUAIANE SESQUITERPENES. Iowa State University, Ph.D., 1972 Chemistry, organic University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. Synthetic approaches to the guaiane sesquiterpenes by Lloyd Payne Hill A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department: Chemistry Major: Organic Chemistry Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. Signature was redacted for privacy. Fot the Major Department Signature was redacted for privacy. For the Graduate College Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1972 PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have Indistinct print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms, A Xerox Education Company ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION iii INTRODUCTION 1 HISTORICAL 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 17 EXPERIMENTAL 52 CONCLUSION 83 LITERATURE CITED 84 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 89 iii DEDICATION To my Family 1 INTRODUCTION The essential oils are found in flora and have been a source of curiosity to Man for hundreds of years. -
Development of Non-Targeted Approaches to Evidence Emerging Chemical Hazard
THESE DE DOCTORAT DE ONIRIS COMUE UNIVERSITE BRETAGNE LOIRE ECOLE DOCTORALE N° 605 Biologie Santé Spécialité : Santé Publique Par Mariane POURCHET Development of non-targeted approaches to evidence emerging chemical hazard Identification of new biomarkers of internal human exposure, in order to support human biomonitoring and the study of the link between chemical exposure and human health Thèse présentée et soutenue à Nantes, le 8 octobre 2020 Unité de recherche : LABERCA UMR INRAE 1329 Rapporteurs avant soutenance : Benedikt WARTH Associate professor, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Katrin VORKAMP Doctor, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Development of non-targeted approaches to evidence emerging Composition du Jury : chemical hazard Président : Adrian COVACI Professor, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium ExaminateursIdentification : Benedikt of WARTHnew biomarkers Associateof internal professor, human University exposure, of Vienna, in Vienna, order Austria to support Katrin VORKAMP Doctor, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark human biomonitoringJana KLANOVA and the studyProfessor, of the Masaryk link University,between Brno, chemical Czech Republic exposure and Adrian COVACI Professor, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium human health Dir. de thèse : Jean-Philippe ANTIGNAC Doctor, Oniris, Nantes, France Thèse présentée et soutenue à Nantes, le 8 octobre 2020 Unité de recherche : LABERCA UMR INRAE 1329 I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my thesis committee, Benedikt Warth, Associate professor, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Austria Katrin Vorkamp, Senior researcher, Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark Adrian Covaci, Professor, Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Belgium Jana Klánová Professor, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic for their time in reading and evaluating this manuscript. -
A Lean Methane Premixed Laminar Flame Doped with Components Of
A LEAN METHANE PREMIXED LAMINAR FLAME DOPED WITH COMPONENTS OF DIESEL FUEL PART I: N-BUTYLBENZENE E. POUSSE, P.A. GLAUDE, R. FOURNET, F.BATTIN-LECLERC* Département de Chimie-Physique des Réactions, Nancy Université, CNRS, ENSIC, 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 NANCY Cedex, France Full-length article SHORTENED RUNNING TITLE: METHANE FLAMES DOPED WITH BUTYLBENZENE * E-mail : [email protected] ; Tel.: 33 3 83 17 51 25 , Fax : 33 3 83 37 81 20 To better understand the chemistry involved during the combustion of components of diesel fuel, the structure of a laminar lean premixed methane flame doped with n-butylbenzene has been investigated. The inlet gases contained 7.1% (molar) of methane, 36.8% of oxygen and 0.96% of n-butylbenzene corresponding to an equivalence ratio of 0.74 and a ratio C10H14 / CH4 of 13.5%. The flame has been stabilized on a burner at a pressure of 6.7 kPa using argon as diluent, with a gas velocity at the burner of 49.2 cm/s at 333 K. Quantified species included the usual methane C0-C2 combustion products, but also 16 C3-C5 hydrocarbons, 7 C1-C3 oxygenated compounds, as well as 20 aromatic products, namely benzene, toluene, phenylacetylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, allylbenzene, propylbenzene, cumene, methylstyrenes, butenylbenzenes, indene, indane, naphthalene, phenol, benzaldehyde, anisole, benzylalcohol, benzofuran, and isomers of C10H10 (1-methylindene, dihydronaphtalene, butadienylbenzene). A new mechanism for the oxidation of n-butylbenzene is proposed whose predictions are in satisfactory agreement with measured species profiles in flames and flow reactor experiments.