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Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Language in India Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow Volume 9 : 1 January 2009 ISSN 1930-2940 Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D. Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D. B. A. Sharada, Ph.D. A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D. Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D. K. Karunakaran, Ph.D. Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D. The Gujral Committee Report A landmark in the history of the processes of language development in India, the Gujral Committee Report deals with issues relating to the use of Urdu in India in a detailed and balanced manner. The report is downloaded from the Government of India portal http://education.nic.in/cd50years/u/47/3X/toc.htm . While the Report is reproduced and presented here in its entirely, only six appendices to the Report are reproduced here below.. “The Government of India appointed a Committee for Promotion of Urdu under the Chairmanship of Shri I.K. Gujral, the then Union Minister of State for Works and Housing by a Resolution dated May 5, 1972. It was requested to advise the Government on the measures to be adopted for the promotion of Urdu language and the steps required to be taken to provide adequate facilities for Urdu speaking people in educational, cultural and administrative matters. 19. The Report of the Gujral Committee was received in the Ministry of Education on May 8, 1975. It runs into 269 pages and contains 187 recommendations covering a very wide spectrum of problems and issues. Language in India www.languageinindia.com 402 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu 20. The Gujral Committee Report was placed before the Cabinet on January 30, 1979. Thereafter, it was laid on the Table of both the Houses of Parliament on February 21, 1979.” http://education.nic.in/cd50years/u/47/3X/473X0201.htm Language in India www.languageinindia.com 403 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu CHAIRMAN'S LETTER TO THE EDUCATION MINISTER D.O. No. F.1-2/75-CPU SHASTRI BHAVAN NEW DELHI May 8, 1975 My dear Professor Hasan, I have great pleasure in submitting the Report of the Committee for Promotion of Urdu. On this occasion I would like to express the Committee's sincere gratitude for the help and encouragement which it has received in such generous measure from you. It has been our endeavour to provide a workable basis for charting out our future course of action with a flexibility of approach. I am confident that you will ensure speedy consideration and implementation of the recommendations we have made. With regards. Yours sincerely, Sd/- (I. K. GUJRAL) Professor S. Nurul Hasan, Minister of Education, Social Welfare and Culture, Government of India, New Delhi. TABLE OF CONTENT Language in India www.languageinindia.com 404 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Page Chairman's letter to the Education Minister 1 CHAPTER I : Introductory 1 CHAPTER It : Historical Background 6 Early History 6 Modern Indian Languages 7 The Deccani 8 Official Language in Deccan 8 Popular Roots 9 In the Land of Braj 10 The New Centre in Delhi 10 Diffusion and Diversification 11 Lucknow the New Centre 12 Rise of Prose 12 Urdu and Administration 13 Contacts with West 14 Urdu and the Freedom Struggle 14 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 405 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Age of Rationalism 14 Progressive Writing 15 Multi-Religious Literature 15 Translations from Other Languages 16 Dar-ul-Tarjama 16 Post-Independence Era 17 Research 17 New Writing 17 Humour and Satire 18 Fresh Fields 18 Population Statistics 18 Urdu Speakers 19 Subsidiary Language 20 Urban and Rural 21 Concentrations of Speakers 21 CHAPTER III : Constitutional Safeguards 23 Fundamental Rights 23 Language and Constitution 24 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 406 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Hindustani 25 States' Reorganisation Commission 26 Comprehensive Scheme of Safeguards 27 Urdu and the States 27 Implementation 30 CHAPTER IV : Education 31 Background 31 Urdu Medium in Primary Education 37 Andhra Pradesh 37 Bihar 38 Delhi 39 Gujarat 39 Haryana 39 Himachal Pradesh 40 jammu and Kashmir 40 Karnataka 40 Madhya Pradesh 40 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 407 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Maharashtra 41 Orissa 41 (iii) (iv) Punjab 41 Rajasthan 42 Tamil Nadu 42 Uttar Pradesh 42 Urdu Maktabs 43 West Bengal 43 10 : 40 Formula 44 Secondary and Higher Secondary Education 45 15 : 60 Formula 46 Urdu as a Subject 47 Urdu Medium at Secondary Stage 48 Andhra Pradesh 48 Bihar 48 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 408 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Delhi 48 Haryana 49 Karnataka 49 Madhya Pradesh 49 Maharashtra 50 Orissa 50 Punjab 50 Rajasthan 50 Tamil Nadu 51 Uttar Pradesh 51 West Bengal 51 other States 52 General Survey 52 Medium of Examination 53 Three Language Formula 54 Andhra Pradesh 54 Bihar 54 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 409 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Delhi 54 Haryana 54 Himachal Pradesh 55 Karnataka 55 Jammu and Kashmir 55 Madhya Pradesh 55 Maharashtra 55 Orissa 55 Punjab 55 Rajasthan 56 Tamil Nadu 56 Uttar Pradesh 56 West Bengal 57 General 57 Training of Teachers 58 Andhra Pradesh 58 Bihar 58 Delhi 59 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 410 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Haryana 59 Himachal Pradesh 59 Jammu and Kashmir 59 Karnataka 60 Maharashtra 60 Orissa 60 Rajasthan 61 Tamil Nadu 61 Uttar Pradesh 61 West Bengal 62 General 62 Textbooks 63 Andhra Pradesh 64 Bihar 65 Delhi 65 Haryana 65 Himachal Pradesh 65 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 411 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Jammu and Kashmir 65 Karnataka 65 Madhya Pradesh 66 Maharashtra 66 Orissa 66 Punjab 66 Rajasthan 66 Tamil Nadu 66 Uttar Pradesh 66 West Bengal 67 General 67 Grades for Urdu Teachers 67 Inspecting Staff 67 Adult Education 68 Correspondence Courses 68 Libraries 68 University Education 69 Andhra Pradesh 69 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 412 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Bihar 69 Himachal Pradesh 69 Jammu and Kashmir 69 Karnataka 69 Madhya Pradesh 70 Maharashtra 70 Orissa 70 Punjab 70 Rajasthan 70 Uttar Pradesh 70 West Bengal 70 Urdu Research Institute 70 Urdu University 71 Bureau for Promotion of Urdu 72 CHAPTER V : Administration 73 Background 73 States Reorganisation 76 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 413 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Amplification of Safeguards 78 The Memorandum 78 Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities 79 Use for Official Purposes 50 Translation of Laws and Regulations 80 Representations in Urdu 83 Learning of Urdu by Officials 84 Urdu Typists and Typewriters 85 Government Service and Urdu 85 Registration of Documents 90 Urdu in Courts 90 Urdu in Legislatures 92 Electoral Rolls 92 Urdu and the Centre 92 Steps to Promote Urdu 93 Union Public Service Commission 93 Posts and Telegraphs 93 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 414 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu (vi) Railways 94 Road Signs and Name Plates 95 Media of Mass Communication 95 (A) At the Centre, 95 All India Radio 95 Press Information Bureau 97 Publication Division 98 Distribution of Plan Literature 99 Films 99 Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity 99 (B) In the States 99 Government Gazette 99 Official Journals 99 Publicity Material 99 implementation of Safeguards 99 CHAPTER VI : Journalism 101 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 415 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Background 101 The Great Rebellion 102 Post-Rebellion Journalism 103 The Era of Wit and Humour 103 Journalistic Standards 103 Coming of Age 103 Urdu Press Overseas 106 Khilafat Movement 106 Post-Independence Era 107 Diverse Problems 108 Finances 111 Loans for Installing Printing Machinery 111 Small Newspapers Consultancy Service 112 Newsprint 112 Advertisements 114 Display Advertisements 115 (a) Mass Campaigns 115 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 416 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu (b) Sales Promotion 116 (c) Announcements and Notifications 116 Classified Advertisements 116 Public and Private Sector Advertisements 116 Centralized Release of Advertisements 116 Advertising by States 117 Advertisement Rates 118 Payment of Bills 119 Accreditation 119 Journalistic Standards 120 Training 120 News Agency Services 121 Old Age Pensions 121 Information Units in States 121 Kitabat and Composition 122 Prosecution of Journals 122 CHAPTER VII : Literature 123 Readership 123 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 417 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu European Interest 125 Fort William College Publications 125 Early Publications 125 Back to Calligraphy 125 Diversified Production 126 Print Order 127 Urdu Script 127 (Vii) Page Use of Type Print 127 Vocabulary 128 Interlingual Exchanges 128 Need for Diversification 129 Terminology 129 Urdu Academies 131 Incentives to Writers 131 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 418 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu Distribution of Awards 132 Assignments of Translations 132 Old Age Stipends 132 Research and Reference Works 132 Publishers' Problems 133 Copyright 134 Piracy 134 Cheap Editions 134 Loans from Banks and Import Facilities 134 Calligraphers'Ink 134 Railway Stalls 134 Refresher Courses 134 The Cooperative Concept 135 Sales Organisation 135 Writers'Workshop 136 Related Problems 136 Coordination among Government Agencies 136 Export of Books 136 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 419 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu National Bibliography 136 Grants for Libraries 136 Scholars Emeritus 137 Grants for Conferences 137 Summary of Conclusions and Recommendations 138 APPENDICES I.
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