World History Period 2 Study Guide for Nationalism &

Nationalism-

 Not patriotism!  Extreme loyalty and love.  Patriotism on steroids.  Unify and destroy.  Many dangers.  Genocide, militarism, prejudice.  Hate for other countries.  Often leads to imperialism.  More dangerous when industrialized.

Nationalism as a unifying force (Italy)

 Mazzini  Common language, culture, and religion.  Risorgimento.  Red shirts and Garibaldi (South).  Young Italy.  Victor Emmanuel II (Kingdom of Sardinia).  Cavour – Prime minister of Emmanuel II.  Realpolitik.  Conflict with the church.  Anarchists.  Napoleon III  Lombardi and Venetia.  Northern and southern differences.  Emigration – immigrating to a different country.  Congress of Vienna.

Nationalism as a destructive force (Austria-Hungary/Ottoman

 Dying man of Europe.  Dual – same guy, two areas.  Balkan and the Balkan powder keg.  Rule and change nothing – Absolutism, Metternich, Francis I.  Significant differences language, culture, and religion.  Lagging behind within industrialism.

Imperialism

 Motivations of E-MP-RH  Means of , , and sphere of influences.  Social Darwinism.  Leopold II.  Western advantages; industrialism, superior weapons.  Disadvantages for others;  Colonies; Indirect and direct rule.  Rebellions and critics.

Imperialism in the Middle East

 Wide spread corruptions.  Multiethnic.  Pashas.  Muhammad Ali – Father of Egypt.  Young Turks.  Age of Oil.  Mahdi.  Modernize, and canals.  Genocides in Armenia.  Usman Dan Fodio of Sudan.  Concessions to the west.  Wahhabis.

Imperialism in China

 Opium War.  Balance of trade and trade deficit.  Hundred Days of Reform.  Treaty of Nanjing.  Boxer Rebellion.  Open door policy.  Extraterritoriality.  Threats from the west and Japan – Sino-Japan War.  Taiping Rebellion.  Indemnity.  Sun Yixian.